Exercises: Combustion & Flame
Q1. List conditions under which combustion can take place.
Ans: The conditions required for combustion to take place are:
Presence of a fuel.
Air (or oxygen).
Ignition temperature (minimum temperature at which a substance
catches fire).
Q2. Fill in the blanks:
(a) Burning of wood and coal causes …………….of air. Ans: Pollution
(b) A liquid fuel, used in homes is ……………. Ans: LPG
(c) Fuel must be heated to its ………… …………….before it starts burning.
Ans: Ignition temperature
(d) Fire produced by oil cannot be controlled by ……………. Ans: Water
Q3. Explain how the use of CNG in automobiles has reduced pollution in our
cities.
Ans: Combustion of fuels like petroleum causes formation of un-burnt
carbon particles along with carbon monoxide gas. These harmful
pollutants enter the air and cause respiratory
diseases.
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) produces these harmful products in
very less quantity. It is a comparatively cleaner fuel. Therefore, the
use of CNG has reduced pollution in our cities.
Q4. Compare LPG and wood as fuels.
Ans:
Q5. Give reasons:
(a) Water is not used to control fires involving electrical equipment.
Ans: Water is a conductor of electricity, so it can easily conduct electric
current and cause danger of electric shocks or short-circuits. Therefore,
water cannot be used to control the fire involving electrical equipment.
(b) LPG is a better domestic fuel than wood.
Ans: LPG is a better domestic fuel as it does not produce smoke and un-
burnt carbon particles, which cause respiratory problems.
(c) Paper by itself catches fire easily whereas a piece of paper
wrapped around an aluminium pipe does not.
Ans: Paper by itself catches fire easily because it has low ignition
temperature but when wrapped around an aluminium pipe its
temperature is lowered due to aluminium metal absorbing the heat
supplied to paper. So it does not catch fire.
Q6. Make a labelled diagram of a candle flame.
Ans:
Q7. Name the unit in which the calorific value of a fuel is
expressed.
Ans: The calorific value of a fuel is expressed in kilojoules per
kilogram (kJ/kg).
Q8. Explain how CO 2 is able to control fires.
Ans: Being heavier than oxygen, CO2 covers the fire like a blanket.
Since the contact between the fuel and oxygen is cut off, the fire is
controlled.
Q9. It is difficult to burn a heap of green leaves but dry leaves catch
fire easily. Explain.
Ans: Green leaves have a lot of moisture in them. This moisture does
not allow them to catch fire easily. However, dry leaves have no
moisture in them. Therefore, they catch fire easily.
Q10. Which zone of a flame does a goldsmith use for melting gold
and silver and why?
Ans: A goldsmith uses the outer part of the candle flame for melting
gold and silver because in this zone the temperature is the highest
which helps to melt these metals easily.
Q11. In an experiment 4.5 kg of a fuel was completely burnt. The
heat produced was measured to be 180,000 kJ. Calculate the
calorific value of the fuel.
Ans:
Total mass of fuel = 4.5 kg
Heat produced by burning the given mass of fuel = 180,000 kJ.
We know that calorific value of fuel:
Hence, the calorific value of the given fuel = 40,000 kJ/kg.
Q12. Can the process of rusting be called combustion? Discuss.
Rusted Iron Object
Ans: Combustion is a chemical process in which a substance reacts
with oxygen and gives out energy during the process in the form of
either heat or light or both. Rusting of iron is an exothermic process as
heat is released during rusting. Hence, it is a kind of slow combustion.
Q13. Abida and Ramesh were doing an experiment in which water
was to be heated in a beaker. Abida kept the beaker near the wick
in the yellow part of the candle flame. Ramesh kept the beaker in
the outermost part of the flame. Whose water will get heated in a
shorter time?
Ans: The water in the Ramesh's beaker will heat up in a shorter time.
This is because the outermost zone of a flame is the hottest zone,
while the yellow zone (in which Abida had kept the beaker) is less hot.
QUESTION: 1 Gas necessary for combustion is:
A. nitrogen B. sulphur dioxide C. hydrogen D. oxygen
Solution: Combustion takes place only in presence of oxygen. Oxygen supports the combustion of
substances in which heat is evolved.
QUESTION: 2 Combustion is a _____ chemical reaction:
A. Volatile B. exothermic C. non D. endothermic
Solution: Burning of any substance in presence of oxygen is called combustion. During combustion
heat is evolved so, combustion is exothermic chemical reaction in which new substance is formed.
QUESTION: 3 Substance that burns in oxygen to produce heat and light is called:
A. Renewable B. Non Combustible C. Combustible D. Limitless
Solution: Those substances that burn in presence of oxygen to produce heat and light is called
combustible substance. Fossil fuels, wood, paper etc are example of combustible substance.
QUESTION: 4 Substance that does not burn in air is :
A. Sand B. Kerosene C. Wood D. Diesel
Solution: The substance that does not burn in air is called non-combustible substance. Wood,
kerosene and diesel is example of combustible substance but sand is non-combustible.
QUESTION: 5 Which fuels are used for running automobiles?
A.Wood B. Coal C. Diesel D. Charcoal
Solution: Diesel is more combustible than these fuels, it releases energy rapidly.
QUESTION: 6 Cutting trees at large scale leads to :
A. Deforestation B.Afforestation C.Reforestation D.Both Deforestation & Afforestation
Solution: Cutting of trees at large scale leads to deforestation. Deforestation may cause
desertification and loss of living natural resources.
QUESTION: 7 Amount of heat energy produced on complete combustion of 1kg of fuel is called :
A.Energy Value B.Combustion Value C.Heat Value D.Calorific Value
Solution: The amount of heat energy released on complete combustion of 1 kg of fuel is called
calorific value of that fuel. Higher the calorific value better the fuel is considered.
QUESTION: 8 Substance which vaporise during burning forms :
A.flameB.carbon blackC.residueD.all the above
Solution:Substance which get vaporise during combustion or burning forms flame. Each substance
forms characteristic flame having different colour and heat region.
QUESTION: 9Combustion is also called :
A.burningB.inductionC.conductionD.all the above
Solution:Combustion is also called as burning. Burning of substance requires oxygen and
combustible substance and ignition temperature.
QUESTION: 10Lowest temperature at which a substrate catches fire is called its :
A.blackening temperatureB.vaporising temperatureC.threshold temperatureD.ignition temperature
Solution: The lowest temperature at which substance catch fire is called ignition temperature. The
fuel with moderate temperature is considered better fuel for domestic use.
