1. Assuming mid-latitudes (40° to 50° N/S).

At which time of year is the

relationship between the length of day and night, as well as the rate of change of
declination
of the sun, changing at the greatest rate?

A) Winter solstice and autumn equinox.

B) Summer solstice and spring equinox.
C) Summer solstice and winter solstice.
D) Spring equinox and autumn equinox.

Ans: D

2. In its path around the Sun, the axis of the Earth has an inclination:

A) varying with the season of the year.

B) of 23º 27 with the plane of Equator.
C) varying between zero and 23° 27 with the plane of the pat.
D) of 66º 33 with the plane of the path.

Ans: D

3. Observed from a position on the surface of the Earth the heavenly bodies seems
to:

A) move from East to West on the northern hemisphere.

B) move from West to East on the southern hemisphere.
C) not change their relative positions on the sky.
D) move from East to West.

Ans: D

4. Which of the following statements concerning ionospheric propagation errors is

true?

A) They are significantly reduced when a second frequency is available.

B) They are significantly reduced by the use of RAIM.
C) Transmitting the state of the ionosphere to the receivers enables the error to
reduced to less than one metre.
D) They are eliminated using differential techniques.

Ans: a

5. The mean sun:

A) Is only of interest to users of astronomical navigation.

B) Moves with constant speed along the celestial equator.
C) Is the middle position of the sun.
D) Has a declination equal to the apparent sun.

Ans: B

6. What is the highest latitude listed below at which the sun will reach an
altitude of 90° above the horizon at some time during the year?

A) 0°
B) 66°
C) 23°
D) 45°
Ans: c

7. The length of a apparent solar day is not constant because:

A) The Earths speed of revolution in its orbit varies continuously, due to the
orbit being elliptical.
B) The Suns declination is not constant.
C) The plane of the Ecliptic and the plane of the Equator are inclined to each
other.
D) The Earths speed of rotation is not the same at all latitudes.

Ans: A

8. The planets move around the Sun:

A) At constant velocity.
B) In circular orbits.
C) At constant angular speed.
D) In elliptical orbits.

Ans: D

9. At what approximate date is the earth furthest from the sun (aphelion)?

A) Beginning of July.
B) Beginning of January.
C) End of September.
D) End of December.

Ans: A

10. Seasons are due to the:

A) Earths elliptical orbit around the Sun.

B) variable distance between Earth and Sun.
C) Earths rotation on its polar axis.
D) inclination of the polar axis with the ecliptic plane.

Ans: D

11. The direction of the Earths rotation on its axis is such that:

A) An observer on the surface of the earth always will face West when observing
sunrise.
B) Any point on the surface of the Earth will move westward.
C) Any point on the surface of the Earth will move eastward.
D) Observed from the point above the North Pole, the rotation is counterclockwise.

Ans: D

12. The suns declination is:

A) The angular distance between the sun and the celestial North Pole.
B) The suns position relative to the plane of the Equator.
C) The suns position relative to the ecliptic.
D) The distance between the sun and the horizon.

Ans: B
13. When the length of the day is measured with reference to the passage of the
apparent sun:

A) The length of the day will wary in the course of the year.
B) The length of the day will be the same once every month.
C) The length of the day will vary with the latitude of the observer.
D) The length of the days, as indicated by our watches, will be exactly equal.

Ans: A

14. The term sidereal is used:

A) to describe how two positions of heavenly bodies are located sideways on the
sky.
B) to describe the time interval between two successive transits of the real
apparent sun at the same meridian.
C) to describe conditions with reference to the moon.
D) to describe a situation or relationship concerning the stars.

Ans: D

15. What is the approximate date of perihelion, when the Earth is nearest to the
Sun?

A) End of March.
B) Beginning of January.
C) Beginning of July.
D) End of December.

Ans: B

16. What is the highest latitude listed below at which the sun will reach an
altitude of 90o above the horizon at some time during the year?

A) 0o
B) 45o
C) 66o
D) 23o

Ans: D

17. Assuming mid-latitudes (40o to 50o N/S). At which time of year is the
relationship between the length of day and night, as well as the rate of change
of declination of the sun, changing at the greatest rate?

A) Summer solstice and spring equinox

B) Spring equinox and autumn equinox
C) Summer solstice and winter solstice
D) Winter solstice and autumn equinox

Ans: B

18. What is the approximate date of perihelion, when the Earth is nearest to the
Sun?

A) Beginning of January
B) End of December
C) Beginning of July
D) End of March
Ans: A

19. At what approximate date is the earth furthest from the sun (aphelion)?

A) Beginning of July
B) End of December
C) Beginning of January
D) End of September

Ans: A

20. Seasons are due to the:

A) Earth’s elliptical orbit around the Sun

B) inclination of the polar axis with the ecliptic plane
C) Earth’s rotation on its polar axis
D) variable distance between Earth and Sun

Ans: B

The solar system

1. Assuming mid-latitudes (40° to 50° N/S). At which time of year is the

relationship between the length of day and night, as well as the rate of change of
declination
of the sun, changing at the greatest rate?

A) Winter solstice and autumn equinox.

B) Summer solstice and spring equinox.
C) Summer solstice and winter solstice.
D) Spring equinox and autumn equinox.

Ans: D

2. In its path around the Sun, the axis of the Earth has an inclination:

A) varying with the season of the year.

B) of 23º 27 with the plane of Equator.
C) varying between zero and 23° 27 with the plane of the pat.
D) of 66º 33 with the plane of the path.

Ans: D

3. Observed from a position on the surface of the Earth the heavenly bodies seems
to:

A) move from East to West on the northern hemisphere.

B) move from West to East on the southern hemisphere.
C) not change their relative positions on the sky.
D) move from East to West.

Ans: D

4. Which of the following statements concerning ionospheric propagation errors is

true?

A) They are significantly reduced when a second frequency is available.

B) They are significantly reduced by the use of RAIM.
C) Transmitting the state of the ionosphere to the receivers enables the error to
reduced to less than one metre.
D) They are eliminated using differential techniques.

Ans: a

5. The mean sun:

A) Is only of interest to users of astronomical navigation.

B) Moves with constant speed along the celestial equator.
C) Is the middle position of the sun.
D) Has a declination equal to the apparent sun.

Ans: B

6. What is the highest latitude listed below at which the sun will reach an
altitude of 90° above the horizon at some time during the year?

A) 0°
B) 66°
C) 23°
D) 45°

Ans: c

7. The length of a apparent solar day is not constant because:

A) The Earths speed of revolution in its orbit varies continuously, due to the
orbit being elliptical.
B) The Suns declination is not constant.
C) The plane of the Ecliptic and the plane of the Equator are inclined to each
other.
D) The Earths speed of rotation is not the same at all latitudes.

Ans: A

8. The planets move around the Sun:

A) At constant velocity.
B) In circular orbits.
C) At constant angular speed.
D) In elliptical orbits.

Ans: D

9. At what approximate date is the earth furthest from the sun (aphelion)?

A) Beginning of July.
B) Beginning of January.
C) End of September.
D) End of December.

Ans: A

10. Seasons are due to the:

A) Earths elliptical orbit around the Sun.

B) variable distance between Earth and Sun.
C) Earths rotation on its polar axis.
D) inclination of the polar axis with the ecliptic plane.

Ans: D

11. The direction of the Earths rotation on its axis is such that:

A) An observer on the surface of the earth always will face West when observing
sunrise.
B) Any point on the surface of the Earth will move westward.
C) Any point on the surface of the Earth will move eastward.
D) Observed from the point above the North Pole, the rotation is counterclockwise.

Ans: D

12. The suns declination is:

A) The angular distance between the sun and the celestial North Pole.
B) The suns position relative to the plane of the Equator.
C) The suns position relative to the ecliptic.
D) The distance between the sun and the horizon.

Ans: B

13. When the length of the day is measured with reference to the passage of the
apparent sun:

A) The length of the day will wary in the course of the year.
B) The length of the day will be the same once every month.
C) The length of the day will vary with the latitude of the observer.
D) The length of the days, as indicated by our watches, will be exactly equal.

Ans: A

14. The term sidereal is used:

A) to describe how two positions of heavenly bodies are located sideways on the
sky.
B) to describe the time interval between two successive transits of the real
apparent sun at the same meridian.
C) to describe conditions with reference to the moon.
D) to describe a situation or relationship concerning the stars.

Ans: D

15. What is the approximate date of perihelion, when the Earth is nearest to the
Sun?

A) End of March.
B) Beginning of January.
C) Beginning of July.
D) End of December.

Ans: B

16. What is the highest latitude listed below at which the sun will reach an
altitude of 90o above the horizon at some time during the year?

A) 0o
B) 45o
C) 66o
D) 23o

Ans: D

17. Assuming mid-latitudes (40o to 50o N/S). At which time of year is the
relationship between the length of day and night, as well as the rate of change
of declination of the sun, changing at the greatest rate?

A) Summer solstice and spring equinox

B) Spring equinox and autumn equinox
C) Summer solstice and winter solstice
D) Winter solstice and autumn equinox

Ans: B

18. What is the approximate date of perihelion, when the Earth is nearest to the
Sun?

A) Beginning of January
B) End of December
C) Beginning of July
D) End of March

Ans: A

19. At what approximate date is the earth furthest from the sun (aphelion)?

A) Beginning of July
B) End of December
C) Beginning of January
D) End of September

Ans: A

20. Seasons are due to the:

A) Earth’s elliptical orbit around the Sun

B) inclination of the polar axis with the ecliptic plane
C) Earth’s rotation on its polar axis
D) variable distance between Earth and Sun

Ans: B

. What is the UTC/GMT of sunset in Hong Kong (22?19N 114? 12?E) on 24th July?

A) 0221 25th July

B) 1044 24th July
C) 1107 24th July
D) 0244 25th July

Ans: C

2. Given the ST of the beginning of Evening Civil Twilight at Port Stanley

(Falkland Islands) (51?42’S 57? 51’W) on 23rd July?

A) 1613 23rd July

B) 1713 23rd July
C) 1539 23rd July
D) 1629 23rd July

Ans: B

3. The times of sunrise, sunset as given in the Air Almanac are with reference to:

A) LMT for the observer’s meridian

B) ST for the observer’s meridian
C) GMT for the observer’s meridian
D) UTC for the observer’s meridian

Ans: A

4. In the Air Almanac twilight tables, the symbol //// means that:

A) Twilight lasts all day

B) The sun remains continuously above the horizon
C) The sun remains continuously below the horizon
D) Twilight lasts all night or day

Ans: D

5. The LMT of sunrise at Lat 00?30’S Long 47?20’W on 4th December is:

A) 0451 LMT
B) 0640 LMT
C) 0256 LMT
D) 0545 LMT

Ans: D

6. The LMT of the beginning of evening civil twilight at Lat 50?00’S Long 120?15’E
on 25th December is:

A) 1641 LMT 25th December

B) 2055 LMT 25th December
C) 0412 LMT 26th December
D) 2011 LMT 25th December

Ans: D

7. The LMT of sunrise at 35?00’S 28?00’E on 4th December is:

A) 0410
B) 0439
C) 0621
D) 0652

Ans: B

8. The GMT of Evening Civil Twilight at 46?19’N 035?34’E on 26th July is:

A) 1751
B) 2238
C) 1754
D) 2016

Ans: C
9. The duration of Morning Civil Twilight at 66?48’N 095?26’W on 2nd December is:

A) 94 min
B) 90 min
C) 84 min
D) 80 min

Ans: A

10. The Standard Time of sunset at Hong Kong (22?20’N 114? 10’E) on 31st Dec is:

A) 0126 1st Jan

B) 1726 31st Dec
C) 1749 31st Dec
D) 1759 31st Dec

Ans: C

11.The LMT of the end of Evening Civil Twilight in latitude 71?00’N on 19th Dec is:

A) 1330
B) 1301
C) 1350
D) 1400

Ans: A

12.For an observer in the Norfolk Island (29?00’S 167?55’E) the LMT of sunset on
16th July is:

A) 1900
B) 1720
C) 1742
D) 1927

Ans: B

13. For an observer in the Lord Howe Island (31?31’S 159?04’E) the LMT of sunrise
and the duration of morning civil twilight on the 6th August are:

UNRISE DURATION

A) 0519 34 min
B) 0647 25 min
C) 0503 34 min
D) 0644 25 min

Ans: D

14.The duration of Evening Civil Twilight at Moscow (56?00’N 037?23’E) on the 14th
December was:

A) 13
B) 37
C) 47
D) 42

Ans: C
15. A flight departed Boston (Massachusetts, USA, 42?22’N 071?00’W), two hours
after sunset on 16th September. The flight time to Brussels (Belgium, 50?55’N
004?31’E) was 6 hours 30 minutes. The UTC time and date of departure was:

A) 16th 2023
B) 17th 0053
C) 17th 0823
D) 16th 1224

Ans: B

16.The UTC of sunrise at 54?00’N 010?00’E on 10th July is:

A) 0308
B) 0224
C) 0300
D) 0344

Ans: C

17.In Hong Kong (22?19’N 114?12’E), the UTC of sunset on 24th July is:

A) 0221 25th July

B) 1044 24th July
C) 1107 24h July
D) 0244 25th July

Ans: C

18.For an observer at 62?50’N 048?57’W on the 7th July, the local time of sunrise
is:

A) 0208
B) 0524
C) 2252
D) does not rise

Ans: A

19. An observer in Korea (38?00’N 133?00’E) watches the sunset on 13th August local
date. The duration of evening civil twilight would be:

A) 25 min
B) 38 min
C) 27 min
D) 20 min

Ans: C

20. An observer in Korea (38?00’N 133?00’E) watches the sunset on 13th August local
date. The time of sunset expressed as GMT would be:

A) 0350 14th
B) 0350 13th
C) 1006 13th
D) 1006 14th

Ans: C
21.An observer in Korea (38?00’N 133?00’E) watches the sunset on 13th August local
date. The time of sunset expressed as Standard Time would be:

A) 1906 14th
B) 1858 14th
C) 1858 13th
D) 1906 13th

Ans: D

22.In its path around the Sun, the axis of the Earth has an inclination:

A) Varying between zero and 23?27’ with the plane of the path
B) Of 66?33’ with the plane
C) Varying with the season of the year
D) Of 23?27’ with the plane of Equator

Ans: B

23.The Sun’s declination is on a particular day 12.00 S. Midnight Sun may this day
be observed:

A) North of 7800S
B) South of 7800S
C) At 7800S only
D) North of 7800N

Ans: B

24.The term ‘sidereal’ is used:

A) To describe how two positions of heavenly bodies are located sideways on the sky
B) To describe conditions with reference to the moon
C) To describe a situation or relationship concerning the stars
D) To describe the time interval between two successive transits of the real
apparent Sun at the same meridian

Ans: C

25.The mean Sun:

A) Is the middle position of the Sun

B) Has a declination equal to the apparent Sun
C) Moves with constant speed along the celestial Equator
D) Is only of interest to users of astronomical navigation

Ans: C

26.A day at a place as measured in local mean time starts:

A) When the mean sun transits the meridian of the place in question
B) When the mean sun transits the Greenwich meridian
C) When the mean sun transits the anti meridian of the place in question
D) When the mean sun transits the 180E/W meridian

Ans: C

7.The inclination of the Earth’s axis of rotation with the plane of the ecliptic:
A) Is causing the variation of length of the day during a year
B) Is stable throughout the year
C) Is causing the seasons, summer and winter
D) All 3 answers are correct

Ans: D

28.As seen from an observer on the surface of the Earth:

A) The sun is in a fixed position relative to the stars

B) The stars will seem to move from west to east during a year
C) The sun’s position relative to the stars is fixed throughout the year
D) The apparent sun is always in the plane of the ecliptic

Ans: D

29. If the Mean Sun moves 121? 30’ along the Equator, that equals:

A) 20 hours 10 minutes
B) 9 hours 15 minutes
C) 6 hours 20 minutes
D) 8 hours 06 minutes

Ans: D

30.The direction of the Earth’s rotation on its axis is such that:

A) Observed from the point above the North Pole, the rotation is counterclockwise
B) An observer on the surface of the Earth always will face west when observing
sunrise
C) Any point on the surface of the Earth will move eastward
D) Any point on the surface of the Earth will move westward

Ans: D

31.When the Sun’s declination is northerly:

A) It is winter on the Northern Hemisphere

B) The sunrise occurs earlier at southern latitudes than northern latitudes
C) The daylight period is shorter on the Southern Hemisphere
D) Midnight sun may be observed at the South Pole

Ans: C

32.The length of an apparent solar day is not constant because:

A) The Earth’s speed in its orbit varies continuous, due to the orbit being
elliptical
B) The Earth’s speed of rotation is not the same at all latitudes
C) The Sun’s declination is not constant
D) The Earth is moving with constant speed around the Sun

Ans: A

33.By the term ‘transit’ of a heavenly body it is understood that:

A) The body is moving

B) The body is passing the meridian of the observer or another specified meridian
C) The body is passing the anti meridian of the observer
D) The body is at the same celestial meridian as another body

Ans: B

34.Atmospheric refraction:

A) Causes the sunrise and the sunset to occur earlier

B) Causes the sunrise and the sunset to occur later
C) Causes the sunrise to occur later and the sunset to occur earlier
D) Causes the sunrise to occur earlier and the sunset to occur later

Ans: D

35.When approaching the International Date Line from East longitude, you:

A) Should be prepared to increase your date by 1

B) Should increase your date by an extra date at the first midnight you experience
C) Should be prepared to decrease your date by 1
D) Should not change date at the first midnight you experience

Ans: C

36.The duration of twilight:

A) Will in the period around the Equinoxes increase as you approach the Equator
from North or South
B) Is generally longer in positions at high latitudes than in positions at lower
positions
C) Is independent of the sun’s declination and only depends on the observer’s
latitude and longitude
D) Is longer in the morning than in the evening because of the refraction in the
atmosphere

Ans: B