UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI

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XEQ 204-INTRODUCTION TO NUMERICAL METHODS ASSIGNMENT #3.
ISSUE DATE: July 6th 2021 DEADLINE : July 12th 2021.
INSTRUCTIONS: Attempt ALL Problems ****and enjoy as many problems as possible*****
(1) Interpolate the missing entries
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
f (x) 0 a 10 18 b 40 c
(6mks)
(2) Draw the divided difference table for the following values .
x −1 0 3 6 7
y = f (x) 3 −6 39 822 1611
(10mks)
(3) Draw a forward difference table for the following table.
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
f (x) 9 37 243 1017 3109 7749 16767 32713 58977
(i) What is the degree of the polynomial from which these values were obtained from?

Use your table to give the numerical values for:

(ii) ∆ f2
(iii) ∆2 f4
(iv) ∆6 f1
(10mks)
(4) Obtain an interpolating polynomial using Backward Difference Interpolation Formula for:

x −1 0 1 2
f (x) 0 −1 0 15
(10mks)
(5) A polynomial f (x) of low degree is tabulated as follows:
 x −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
f (x) −30 −12 0 3 4 5 9 19 38 69
Two errors in the values of f (x) are suspected. Correct the errors and find the product
of the corrected values. (10mks)
(6) Prove that:
[ ]
∆ f (x)
(i) ∆ log f (x) = log 1 + f (x) (4mks)

∆2 x Eex
(ii) ex = E e . ∆2 ex , the interval of differencing being h. (4mks)
(iii) f (4) = f (3) + ∆ f (2) + ∆2 f (1) + ∆3 f (1). (4mks)
(iv) E∆ ≡ ∆E. (4mks)
(7) Interpolate the missing entries

x 0 1 2 3 4 5
y = f (x) 0 − 8 15 − 35
(10mks)
(8) Following are the population of Butula district
Year (x) 1881 1891 1901 1911 1921 1931
Population (y) 363 391 421 - 467 501
Find the population of the year 1911. (7mks)
(9) If ∆, ∇, δ denote the forward, backward and central difference operators, and E and µ are
respectively the shift and averaging operators in the analysis of data with equal spacing.
Prove the following:
(i) ∆ − ∇ = δ 2 (4mks)
E − 2 = µ − 21 δ
1 1
(ii) E 2 = µ + 12 δ , (6mks)
√
(iii) ∆ = 2 δ + δ 1 − δ4
1 2 2
(4mks)

(iv) µ 2 = 1 + 14 δ 2 (4mks)
(v) µδ = 12 ∆E −1 + 12 ∆. (4mks)
(10) If D, E, δ and µ be the operators with usual meaning and if hD = U where h is the interval
of differencing. Prove the following relations between the operators:
(i) E = eU (4mks)
(ii) δ = 2 sinh U2 (4mks)
(iii) µ = 2 cosh U2 (4mks)
(iv) (E + 1)δ = 2(E − 1)µ (4mks)
(11) Evaluate:
[ ]
(i) ∆ x2 +5x+6 , taking 1 as the interval of differencig.
5x+12
(4mks)
 ( )
(ii) ∆n 1
x , taking 1 as the interval of differencig. (4mks)
( )
(iii) ∆E x3 .
2
(4mks)

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