`ესე ამბავი სპარსული“

`ese ambavi sparsuli... vpove da leqsad gar­dav­

Tqvi“...
gasakviri TiTqos araferia, poeti poemisaTvis
mza qargas iyenebs da arc malavs mis warmomavlobas.
gasakviri araferia, miT ufro, damaeWvebeli da
saorWofo. didi klasika umeteswilad mza qargebma
Seqmna. maS, saidanRa Cndeba garkveviT naTqvami,
moulodnelad da xazgasmiT naTqvami – `saqme vqmen
saWoWmanebi“? sityva `saWoWmanebi“ aseT sakvanZo ad­
gilas SemTxveviT aramc da aramc ar daismeboda, igi
mkiTxvelze SemakrToblad moqmedebs da, rogorc
Cans, asedac aris Cafiqrebuli. raRacas migvaniSnebs
da ar gvixsnis. magram ras?
SeiZleboda, teqstze garkveuli ZaldatanebiT,
es naxevartaepi Tavis momdablebis Jestad mig­
veRo, aseTi ram bevr did avtorTan gvxvdeba. mag­
ram rusTaveli mag hangze arasodes mReris. arc
si­u­
Jetis mxatvruli Rirebuleba aeWvebs – `marga­
liti oboli, xelixel sagogmanebi“ – da arc saku­
T­ari SesaZlebloba – `aqamdis ambad naTqvami, aw
margaliti wyobili“.

191
 II

saWoWmanod mainc qargis aRebaa miCneuli,

sxva wakiTxva ar Cans. magram qarga rom arsaidan
auRia? siuJetis ucxo warmomavloba, miuxedavad
zo­gierTi mecnieris Tavgamodebisa, ar damtkicda.
msgavsi motivebi ki SeuZlebelia, ar aRmoCeniliyo,
maTi ricxvi, miT ufro sagmiro eposSi, aki TiTze
CamosaTvlelia. magram qargas, romelzedac isi­
nia asxmuli, Soreuli analogic ar daeZebna, sul
tyuili gamodga amdeni vnebaTaRelvani. es yve­
laferi dResdReobiT savsebiT garkveulia. oRond
davimaxsovroT, rom sityva `saWoWmanebi“ jer isev
axsnas moiTxovs.
...Soreuli analogic ar daeZebna da arc SeiZ­
leboda, dasZebnoda. `vefxistyaosnis“ orive para­
leluri siuJetis amosavali wertili erTi da
igivea – `sxva Ze ar esva mefesa, marT oden mar­
tod asuli“. orive SemTxvevaSi es aris giorgi
mesamis kari. mefis uZeoba mtkivneul politikur
da erovnul problemad iqca, mag sakiTxs cota
qvemoT isev SevexebiT, da rusTavels imdenad mniS­
vnelovnad esaxeba es problema, rom orive siuJetis
saZirkvlad uZeobis ambavs debs da mTel Senobas
masze aSenebs, saamisod ki, Zneli savaraudoa, mza
siuJeti ase saxeldaxelod epova, ormagi siuJeti
mefis uZeobaze, Tanac imgvarad orientirebuli,
rom Tavisi rTuli, araerTgvarovani saTqmelis
realizaciisTvis gamosdgomoda.

192
 da mainc – `ese ambavi sparsuli“... risTvisRa
das­Wirda mkiTxvelis yalb gzaze dayeneba? rogorc
gvarwmuneben, ambis gaucxoebisaTvis: siuJetis
sparsuloba nawarmoebs met prestiJs SesZenda.
ara­da, moqmedeba isedac ucxo garemoSi, naxevrad
zRaprul `arabeTsa“ da `indoeTSi“ xdeba. kidev raRa
gaucxoebaa saWiro? prestiJi ki... nuTu rusTaveli
ver grZnobda Tavisi poemis srulqmnilebas, rom
sparsulobis uimedo xavss ar mosWideboda?

III

axla saTqmels sxva mxridan SemovuaroT, rom me­

re yvelaferma Tavi erTad moiyaros. minda ram­denime
sityva vTqva CvenSi Rrmad gamjdari tradiciis
winaaRmdeg, yvela da yvelaferi, vinca da rac
mogvwons, idealurad miviCnioT da lamis mkvdar
kerpebad vaqcioT. tarieli raindisa da mijnuris
idealia, aseve avTandilic. aris ki es ase, rusTavels
marTla idealurebad hyavda isini Cafiqrebuli?
Suasaukuneobrivi Tezisi, rom adamianis valia,
eswrafodes idealurobas, magram idealuri mxolod
RmerTia, rusTavelTan da mis gmirebTan wyvets
Tavis moqmedebas? ideals namdvilad eswrafvian, es
aSkaraa, magram xvarazmeli ufliswulis RalatiT
mokvla da mere mefesTan sicruiT Tavis marTleba,
anda fatmanis epizodebi zneobrivi kompromisi ar
aris da rusTaveli idealur normad miiCnevs amgvar
saqciels?

193
 paralelisTvis Seqspiris gmirebs minda miv­
marTo, qarTuli tradiciisTvis, maCablis xel­
das­
xmiT, esoden axlobels, vTqvaT, imave otelos.
isic, Cveni warmodgeniT, aseve idealur gmirad
aris Cafiqrebuli. qarTul scenaze misi erTaderTi
danaSauli is iyo, rom Savkanianad gaCnda, araviTari
sxva nakli. teqstTan miaxloeba ki gvarwmunebs,
rom Turme mTlad asec ar aris saqme. otelo cota
zedmetad yinCia, cota zedmetad Tavdajerebuli, ris
ukanac, rogorc Cans, mtkivneuli Sinagani ukmaroba
imaleba, da ramdenadme martiv kacadac `ikiTxeba“
maRalcivilizebuli da `cbieri“ veneciis fonze. rac
Tavs daatyda, sanaxevrod mainc Tavisi xasiaTis wya­
lobiT daatyda. asevea sxva gmirebTanac: liri kerpi
da Seusminaria, hamleti cota araamqveyniuri. unda
arsebobdes Tundac sul umniSvnelo bzari, saidanac
kolizia SemoaRwevs. Seumcdari gmiri SeiZleba
daiRupos, magram tragediisaTvis Seuvalia.

III

tarielic, raindis idealad Seracxili swo­

rupovari moyme, cota zedmetad Tavdajerebuli
xom ar aris, cota zedmetad ganusjeli? ris gamoc
xataeTSi kinaRam Tavi waago, bednierma SemTxvevam
gadaarCina. magram misi xasiaTis mTavari nakli
iqneb, hamletis msgavsad, nebelobis sisuste ufroa:
mas, miuxedavad uebro mebrZolobisa da vaJkacuri
SemarTebisa, mTeli poemis manZilze warmmarTveli

194
xeli sWirdeba. es jer nestania, mere avTandili
(SualedSi asmaTic xom ara? saerTod, gadarCeboda
kia uasmaTod?), maT gareSe igi cxovrebis mdinarebas
winaaRmdegobis gareSe mihyveba, wava, saiTac waiRebs.
rac Tavs daatyda, uciloblad misi xasiaTidanac
gamomdinareobs. yvela did SemoqmedTan es asea,
magram amas saTanado angariSs ar vuwevT. Cvenma
mecxramete saukunis literaturam mkveTr aqcentebs
migvaCvia. is, rac mkveTrad aqcentirebuli ar aris,
meorexarisxovani anda sulac SemTxveviTi gvgonia...

IV

idealurobisadmi Cvens amgvar mimarTebas

aqvs Tavisi mizezebic da gamarTlebac, SesaZloa,
aqvs Tavisi dadebiTi mxarec, magram bevri ramis
sworad danaxvaSi xeli namdvilad gveSleba. `vef­
xistyaosanSic“ zogierTi pasaJis sworad wakiT­xvas
dogmad qceuli idealuroba ar gvanebebs. Zveli
berZnebi Tayvans scemdnen homeross, arada, maTve
ekuTvniT frTiani gamoTqma: `zogjer homerosic
CaTvlems“. personaJebi personaJebad, magram Tvi­
Ton rusTaveli xom idealTa idealia, lamis yvela
adamianuri Tvisebisagan ganvZarcoT. igi antikuri
da renesansuli maRali, magram zogadi ideebis
samyaroSi cxovrobs, pirobiT garemoSi, gamoxSirul,
uhaero sivrceSi. brZenTa citatebiTa da astro­
nomiuli codniT ikvebeba. mTeli aRmosavleT-da­
sav­
leTis saidumlo moZRvrebebisaTvis Tavi mouy­

195
ria da strofidan strofSi sxvaTagan moxmobil
mravalsaukunovan ezoterul sibrZnes gviqaragmebs.
ra xdeba mis garSemo, qarTul sinamdvileSi, amaze
ZarRvic ar erxeva. qarTuli sinamdvilidan erTa­
derTi ram icis: Tamars aqebs.
strofis pirveli striqonis werisas, aristo­
teles Caukirkitdeboda, sariTmo oTxeulis Ti­
T­o­
eul sityvas prokle diadoxosTan Seajerebda,
stro­ fis bolo striqons moulodnelad ioane
oqro­piris qadagebaTa romeliRac uCinar sqolioSi
waaw­ydeboda... oRond erT codvaSi mainc aris Sem­
Cneuli: platons daimowmebs da – Tavisas ambobs!
mociquls daimowmebs da – iqac Tavisas ambobs!
verc erTi wyaro ver dadginda. vTqvaT, platons
uam­
ravi sxva dialogic miewereboda, romlebsac
dRes mecniereba nayalbevad miiCnevs. magram `SiSi
Seiqms siyvarulsa“ weria romelime mociqulTan?
an mTel bibliaSi sadme weria? an Tundac yuranSi?
vin icis, yovel aseT damowmebaze kvimati RimiliT
CaeRimeboda...

axla ki erTi wuTiT warmovidginoT, rom rus­

Taveli sakuTar gancdilsa da nanaxsac ambobda,
hqonda imedebi, eWvebi, iluziebi, Secdomebi... rom
Tavis samSoblosTan sisxlxorceulad iyo dakav­
Sirebuli. rusTavelis ena aki TiTqmis yvela qar­
Tuli kuTxis kilokavs moicavs, rac, saeWvoa,

196
mwignobruli gziT hqonoda SeTvisebuli. erTi
wuTiT warmovidginoT, rom saqarTvelos bevr
kuTxeSi kargaxnobiT ucxovria, axlos icnobda maT
yoveldRiur yofas, ra uWirdaT da ra ulxindaT.
erTi wuTiT warmovidginoT, rom gulTan mihqon­
da es yvelaferi da arapirdapiri saxiT mis stro­
febSic airekla. erTi wuTiT warmovidginoT, rom
`qarTlis bedze“ isic bevrs fiqrobda da Za­ lian
mtkivneuladac, radgan sruliad bednieri xana
saqarTvelos istoriaSi ar yofila, mxolod le­
gendaa. mtkivneuli erovnuli problemebi yvela
epoqaSi gvyofnida. da aq isev mefis uZeobas miva­
d­eqiT.

VI

im droSi da im garemoebaTa kvaldakval, im

istoriul gzaTSesayarze Tu, rogorc Semdgom
gamoirkva, im istoriul gzaTgasayarze, giorgi me­
samis uZeoba gacilebiT dramatuli, gacilebiT
Rrma mniSvnelobebiT datvirTuli ambavi iyo,
vidre erTi Cveulebrivi mefis Cveulebrivi uZeod
ga­
dagebaa. didi dinastia, romelmac saqarTvelos
gaerTianebisa da pirvelxarisxovan saxelmwifod
qcevis urTulesi misia aRasrula, dinastia, romlis
bedi Tu ubedoba ukve mTeli saxelmwifos bedTan
Tu ubedobasTan iyo gaTanabrebuli, samudamod
wyvetda arsebobas.

197
 giorgi mesame codviani mefe iyo, misi kaenuri
codva Zmisa da Zmiswulis mimarT cas SehRaRadebda.
amitom didi iyo SiSic, rom es uZeoba RvTisgan
movlenili sasjelia ara mxolod mefeze, aramed
mTel saqarTveloze. katastrofis winadRe, zegar­
dm­o, avbediTi niSi.
giorgi mesamis codvianoba, matianeSi ase mZafrad
Tqmuli, cxadia, ar aris, magram amiT Sinagani sim­
Zafre ar akldeba. oficialurma versiamac es me­fe
codvebisagan ver ganwminda.
avi winaTgrZnoba, rogorc Cans, Tamaris me­
fo­­­ baSic ar gamqrala da, albaT, amiTac iyo ga­
mow­­­v­euli, rom sicocxleSive daiwyo Tamaris
da­u­ Ralavi ganRmrToba – igi RmerTis meoTxe hi­
postasadac ki gamoacxades. xolo am SemTxvevaSi
swor­ ni arian lomis lekvebi – dinastia gadarCa.
or­ Todoqsuli moZRvrebis Tvalsawieridan es ga­
u­
gonari mkrexeloba, samebis, dae, Tundac meta­ fo­
ruli xelyofa, ufro erovnul-politikuri sa­ Wi­
roebiT Cans gamowveuli, vidre mefisadmi liq­ niT.
mesianisturi TviTrwmena eris Sesakvrelad yve­laze
mtkice duRabi iyo da yvela Ronec unda eRo­ naT,
rom xelidan ar gasxltomodaT.
SegviZlia vivaraudoT, rom maRali aristokra­
tiuli da mwignobruli wreebi bagrationTa di­
nas­tiis RvTaebriobaSi ase Rrmadac ar iyvnen dar­
wmunebuli da daviT winaswarmetyvelTan maTi
na­­­Tesaoba marjved mofiqrebul legendad miaCndaT.

198
imis gaTvaliswinebiT, ris Tqmasac vapireb da jer
ar miTqvams, arc rusTaveli Cans mag TvalsazrisiT
metismetad malemrwmeni. magram es principulad
arafers cvlis. sazogadoebaSi gamefebuli avi wi­
naTgrZnoba TavisTavad iqneboda SiSis aRm­ Zvre­
li. amgvarad moazreni albaT kidev ufro cxadad
xe­
davdnen, rom araTu imperiis, aramed TviT qar­
Tuli samTavroebis erTianoba ar iyo sruli da
uproblemo, rom gaerTianebidan gasuli ramdenime
aTeuli weli – erTi kacis cxovreba – ar qmnida
mkvidr da Seuval tradicias. daviT aRmaSeneblis
ga­
mefebisJamindeli saqarTvelo guSindeli dRe
iyo da sul ioli Canda im guSindelTan uecari
mibruneba. gonieri Tvali axlodan albaT ukeT
xedavda, sad ra safrTxe iyo Cabudebuli. win ori
gza ido – imedisa da SiSisa. aqedan ori siuJeturi
xazi: pirveli – imedi – `arabTa“ samefo kari da
meore – `indoTa“ samefo kari – SiSi.
cxadia, poeti politikur traqtats ar werda,
rom yvelaferi wvrilad mimoexila, eposis kanonebi
Tavis siuJetur svlebs karnaxobda, umTavresi ki
poeziis xelovneba iyo, qarTuli sityvis feri
da xmovaneba, magram is ori xazi, is ori gza
mxedvelobidan arasodes ekargeba – imedisa da
SiSisa. fiqrobs, varaudobs, gvafrTxilebs.

199
 VII

`arabeTma“ uZeobis gansacdeli iolad daZlia.

iq yovelgvari simarTle daculia, RvTaebrivica
da adamianuric. yvela damokidebuleba gamTbaria
ndobiT, siyvaruliT, erTgulebiT. urTierTobebSi
siyalbisa da sicruis natamalic arsad aris. Sesa­
bamisad, simSvide da harmonia sufevs. `indoeTis“ kari
civia, urTierTobebi gauxsneli, daZabuli, undo.
sicrue TandaTan Rrmad iWreba da Tavis avbediT
zeims marTavs. trialdeba mZime codva – udanaSaulo
xvarazmeli ufliswulis mkvleloba. masSi yvelas
urevia xeli, tariels, nestans, farsadans. gangeba
ki danaSauls sasjelis gareSe ar tovebs: isjebian
monawileni, isjeba mTeli samefo, – farsadanis
gar­­
dacvaleba, qveynis daqceva da gapartaxeba, nes­
tanis tyveoba, tarielis gatyiureba... tanjva, saso­
warkveTa... yovelive es sazRauria. vinc fiqrobs,
rom poeti ar miiCnevs am mkvlelobas danaSaulad, ar
ukvirdeba mimalul qveeqstebs. ubralod, mkveTri
aqcenti ar aris dasmuli. imitom, rom poeturad
wamgebiania mosamarTlis mantiis wamosxma, magram
ara mxolod magitom...
ori siuJeturi xazis paralelizmi – pozitivi da
negativi... Zalze STambeWdavi xerxia mignebuli, rom
ambis mdinarebam dafarul saTqmelTan frTxilad,
windaxedulad migviyvanos.
magram vidre am Temas ganvavrcobdeT, minda,
cota xniT xvarazmSas mkvlelobaze SevCerde.

200
 VIII

ucxo ufliswulis RalatiT mokvlasTan dakav­

SirebiT bolo xanebSi sakmaod usiamovno kamaTebi
gaimarTa, Tan literaturaSi Cauxedavi ucxoelebic
utifrad Camogverivnen – `es ra qveyanaa, stumrad
mowveul ufliswulebs rom veragulad xocaven“!
viTom maT hamletebsa da faustebs naklebi cod­
vebi amZimebdeT, TiTqos TavianTi cxovrebis gza
udanaSaulo adamianebis cxedrebiT ar hqonodaT
mofenili. rac SeexebaT Cvens mecnierebs, isi­ ni
sasworis pinas dabejiTebiT mkvlelobis sasar­
geblod xrian, ormagi moralis moSveliebiT cdi­
loben am aqtis gamarTlebas. rogor SeiZleba
ide­a­
lurma tarielma da idealurma nestanma dana­
Sauli Caidinon! isini xom RvTaebrivebi arian!
mTavaria, idealurobis dogma ar unda daimsxvres.
viTom mag sindromis CamoSorebiT nawarmoebs rame
akldebodes, viTom misi cocxlad aRqmisaTvis,
piriqiT, umjobesic ar iyos. `qmna marTlisa samar­
Tlisa xesa Seiqms xmelsa nedlad“ – gmirebis gasa­
marTlebel umtkices argumentad gvesaxeba, sru­
lebiTac ar viTvaliswinebT, rom rusTaveli am
sityvebs gamouval mdgomareobaSi Cayenebul gmi­
rebs aTqmevinebs, Tavis gasamarTleblad Tu gasam­
xneveblad. amgvari narTaulebiT aki tarielic
cdilobs Tavis gamarTlebas farsadanis winaSe, mag­
ram SegviZlia misi naTqvami simarTled miviRoT? ra
xdeba mkvlelobis Semdeg? katastrofa, fizikuric

201
da sulieric. es ar aris xmeli xis nedlad Seqmna,
es sasjelia. ese igi, gangebam sxvagvarad gansaja.
isini codvisagan didi xnis tanjviTa da gvemiT
ganiwmindnen da, Tu es ganwmenda keTilad dasrulda,
isev da isev siyvarulis madlia.

IX

marTali samarTali rusTaveliseuli terminia

Tu iqamdec arsebobda, Cven es ar viciT. saidan
momdinareobs, magis dazusteba usaTuod saWiro
saqmea, magram ras aRniSnavs, amas poemis teqstic
araorazrovnad gveubneba. es aris ara kanonze,
aramed simarTlis Sinagan gancdaze damyarebuli
samarTali, subieqturi samarTali, magram igi au­
ci­
leblad obieqtur sayrdensac saWiroebs, rad­
gan mainc samarTalia da ara TviTneboba. Sey­
va­­
rebulebs ki sasworis pinaze araferi aqvT
da­
sa­­
debi, erTmaneTisadmi siyvarulis garda. maTi
si­
marTle pirwmindad subieqturia da man gmirebi
sas­jelisagan ver ixsna.
Tu rogoria, poetis azriT, sworad aRsrule­
bu­
li marTali samarTali, amis magaliTs isev har­
mo­
niul `arabeTTan“ mivyavarT. avTandili klavs
WaSnagirs, siuJeturad es pasaJi aucilebeli nam­
dvilad ar aris, gverdis avla umtkivneulod
SeiZ­leboda, mag­
ram aucilebelia, rogorc para­ le­
li, paradigma. avTandili klavs WaSnagirs da gan­
gebisagan ar isjeba. kanoni avTandils damnaSaved

202
gamoacxadebda, magram marTali samarTali ar
miiCnevs danaSaulad ukadreblis mkadrebeli kacis
dasjas, rogoric iyo WaSnagiri, da es sruliad
sakmarisi obieqturi sayrdenia, Tumca avTandils,
da es xazgasmiT unda aRiniSnos, zurgs siyvarulis
namdvili grZnoba ar umagrebs. magram gangeba
arafriT avlens Tavis arsebobas, rac imis niSania,
rom cno avTandiliseuli marTali samarTlis
siswore. xolo `indoTa“ mar­ Tali samarTali ar
cno.

SeiZleba Semogvedavon, rom `vefxistyaosanSi“

sxva mkvlelobebic xdeba, gavixsenoT Tundac ta­
rielis mier daxocili monebi. isini saTvalavSi
mxo­lod imitom ar Sedian, rom monebi arian? diax,
nawilobriv albaT magis gamoc, monis sisxls ga­
cilebiT naklebi fasi edo. magram umTavresi,
Cemi azriT, mxatvruli datvirTva unda iyos. ga­
vix­
senoT, mxatvrul nawarmoebSi pirovnebis gamo­
sakveTad ramdens cvlis iseTi umniSvnelo de­tali,
rogoricaa saxeldeba. es usaxelo monebi imdenad
cocxali adamianebi ar arian, ramdenadac tarielis
Zlierebisa da miukareblobis metaforebi, romel­
Tac mxolod dekoratiuli funqcia akisriaT da
qveSecneulad aseve aRiqmebian. zneobrivi prob­lema
aq ar dgeba.

203
 XI

...`arabeTi“ da `indoeTi“ – ori gza da ori dia­

metrulad gansxvavebuli Sedegi. saqarTveloSic
movlenebi SeiZleba orive gziT ganviTardes,
gveubneba ormagi qarga, Cvenzea, rogor moviqceviT,
ras vizamT. aq ki Zvel codvebs axalic daemata,
rusi ufliswulis ambavi, saxelmwifo rom karga
xniT aria da Sinaomamdec miiyvana. es ambavi jer
kidev imdenad axalia, rom SeuZleblad mimaCnia,
xvarazmelis epizodi gamWvirvale miniSnebad ar
mieRoT. paraleli cxadia da ueWveli. oficialuri
wyaro iuri bogoliubskis mokveTas – misi saboloo
bedi aq ar moixsenieba – imiT amarTlebs, rom
mas yovelgvar bilwebaTa sawyaod gvixatavs. Zne­
lia, verwmunoT am Savi ferebiT gadamZimebul
portrets, piriqiT, Zalian farTo asparezi rCeba
eWvisaTvis, imdenad cdilobs oficialuri versia,
yvelaferi mas gadaabralos. mxolod STambeWdav
garegnobasa da omSi simamaces ar ukargavs, naxevar
saqarTvelos sakuTari TvaliT eqneboda nanaxi. Sin
ki, oTx kedels Soris, ra xdeboda, midi da arkvie.
is, rac mas Seswames, simarTle rom yofiliyo, ukan
mosabrunebeli piri aRar eqneboda, arc gver­
diT aRaravin daudgeboda. igi ki mobrunda da
bagrationTa taxti, romelzec araviTari ufleba
ar hqonda, karga magrad Seazanzara. mas rom demna
batoniSvilis uflebebi hqonoda, SesaZlebelia,
yvelaferi sxvagvarad warmarTuliyo.

204
 safiqrebelia, rom igi daundobeli intrigebis,
didi politikuri dapirispirebebis xlarTSi moh­
yva. an kidev jiqur scada, marTvis yvela sadave
xelT aeRo, rogorc misi winapari vikingebi iq­
ceodnen. aseT SemTxvevaSi gasakviri srulebiT ar
aris, rom meore jerze saqme savinicobod aRar gai­
xades da yvela ucxo sasiZos kargad nacnobi usa­
xuri soslani arCies.

XII

rasakvirvelia, yvelaferi es varaudebis sferoSi

rCeba, magram paraleli Crdiloel ufliswulTan,
ro­gorc ukve aRvniSne, cxadia da ueWveli. isic
aSkarad gamoWvivis, rom rusTaveli qarTul samefo
kars mag saqmeSi ar amarTlebs. da, raki axalSeqmnil
nawarmoebs idealurobis saburveli jer kidev ar
emosa, wamkiTxvelT Zalianac ar gauWirdebodaT
amis danaxva. xvarazmelis epizods aqcenti ar uke­­
T­­
deba, magram umagisodac mkveTria, radgan siu­
Jeturad centraluri epizodia, fabulis yvela
Zafi `arabeTSi“ ucxo moymis gamoCenidan qajeTis
cixis aRebamde aq inaskveba. vfiqrob, centraluria
zneob­rivi problemis TvalsazrisiTac, Torem amdeni
moralisturi gansjis sagani ar gaxdeboda, mzera
Zalauneburad masze fokusirdeba. magram avto­ ri
kidevac rom amarTlebdes, samefo karisaTvis xva­
razmelis ambavi aseT SemTxvevaSic metad saCo­Tiro
iqneboda da mas dasturs ver dascemda. agreTve verc
nestanis saxes dascemda dasturs, Tu mas Tamaris

205
oreulad miiCnevda. da mxolod imis gamoc ara, rom
xvarazmSas mkvlelobaSi misi xeli urevia.

XIII

TinaTini rom Tamaris oreulia, didi mtkiceba

ar sWirdeba, magis sabuTad mamis mier TinaTinis
gamefebac kmara. TinaTini yvela garegnuli Tu
Sinagani niSniT srulad warmogviCens Tamaris
saxis oficialur versias. nestani ki Tamaris saxis
araoficialuri versiaa, Tamari, axlo rakursiT
danaxuli. ara, samefo kari veranairad dasturs ver
dascemda. nestani vefxvia, tariels nestani mudam
vefxvs agonebs, misi dakargvis Semdeg ki vefxvi
agonebs nestans. `qve-wva viT kldisa napralsa
vefxi pirgamexebuli“ – `vefxi Sevipyar xeliTa, mis
gamo kocna mominda, vin mwvavs cecxliTa cxeliTa“.
aq vef­xvis simbolika gamoxatavs ara mxolod ag­
resiul silamazes, aramed Sinagan bunebas. nu dag­
vaviwydeba, rom vefxvi pirvel yovlisa mZvin­varebis,
daundoblobis simboloa. nestani mSve­nieria, nestani
sikeTiT savsea, magram nestani sa­ SiSia. tarieli
poemis yvela epizodSi cotaTi uf­rTxis nestans.
rusTavels oTxive qali, davars nu mivaTvliT,
uzadod hyavs daxatuli, magram siyvaruliT mxo­
lod nestani uyvars. poemis mTavar gmirad, es
saTauridanac Cans, tarieli miaCnia, arada, avTan­
dilis gverdiT yofna ufro eadvileba, masTan
erTad mReris, masTan erTad loculobs, masTan
erTad wers anderZis wigns, anu masTan erTad qmnis

206
siuJetisaTvis `usargeblo“ lirikul wiaRsvlebs,
albaT yvelaze ukeTess, `vefxistyaosanSi“ rac
weria, magram TinaTini ara, nestani uyvars. fatmanic
moswons, fatmanic Zalian moswons, misi gunebis
qalia, gulanSaros umSvenieres pasaJebs fatmanis
eSxi daatana, magram siyvaruliT mxolod nestani
uyvars. `uwyalo viTa jiqia“...

XIV

Tu Tavisi poema dakveTiT dawera, `qeba warbTa

da wamwamTa, Tmisa da bage-kbilisa“ Tqva laRad
da Zaldautaneblad, uxvad da uSurvelad, raki
es simarTlec iyo, magram mas Tavisi sakuTari
simarTlec undoda eTqva, ara kariskacis, aramed
didi eriskacisa da didi Semoqmedis simarTle.
radgan amgvari wigni mxolod mefeTa saqebrad ar
iwereba, radgan problemaTa ZirisZirSi yovelTvis
feTqavs cocxali erovnuli ZarRvi. man `indoTa“
kari ara mxolod qebad, aramed gafrTxilebad dado,
saidanac braldebac moismis. mefeebi ki braldebebs
risxviT igerieben da maTi risxva Zalian saSiSia.
aRaras vityvi imaze, rom uZeobis ormagi qarga –
pozitivi da negativi – bagrationTa RvTaebriobisa
da mesianizmis mimarT garkveul eWvsac Seicavs,
rakiRa negativic arsebobs. albaT esec ki sakmarisze
meti iyo, rom samefo kari madlieri ar darCeniliyo
da Tavisi ukmayofileba araorazrovnad gamoexata.
magram aris kidev erTi Sefaruli siuJeturi
xazi, yvelaze saxifaTo miniSnebaTa gorgali.

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 XV

`davar iyo da mefisa, qvrivi, qajeTs gaTxovili“.

sxva adgilas TviTonac qajad moixsenieba: `man
uambo davar qajsa“... amiT, rasakvirvelia, mis bne­­
liT mocul saxes plastikuroba, siRrme da mniS­
vnelovaneba emateba, magram Tu qarTuli samefo
ojaxi `indoTa“ karTan Tavs raime niSniT gaaigivebda,
mad­lobas arc am naTesaobisTvis ityoda. Tumca
es iseTi umniSvnelo wvrilmania, saTqmeladac ar
eRireboda, sxva, bevrad mniSvnelovani saTqmeli
rom ar mohqondes. mTavari am mxriv arc is aris –
arada, SeuZlebelia, ar gveucnauros! – rom nestani,
ase gamodis, qajis gazrdilia, davari xom misi
aRmzrdeli iyo. raime lafsusi rusTavelis rangis
Semoqmedsac SeiZleba gaeparos, magram amgvari
Strixi gmiris portretze, Tanac didostatis xe­
liT, SemTxveviT arasodes ideba. poeti aq aravisze
ara­viTar miniSnebas ar akeTebs, mxolod mxatvrul
mizans mieltvis. gamodis swored is, rac unda gamo­
diodes, gind gveucnauros da gind ara: nestani
demonur sawyisTanac aris wilnayari. mis portretze
dadebuli es Tamami Strixi genialuria – nestani
zesknelic aris da, amave dros, qvesknelic. `Zlier
ars, viTarca sikvdili, siyvaruli, ficxel ars, vi­
Tarca jojoxeTi, saxmili misi“... biblia, qebaTa
qeba...
am ormagobas gmiris xasiaTic adasturebs, da
kidev – ori mzis saocari simbolika, zviad gamsa­
xurdias mier gaxsnili. magram yovelive amas aq axla

208
gverdi unda avuaroT, aq axla CvenTvis mTavari
gacilebiT mokrZalebuli, gacilebiT umniSvnelo
ram aris, saxeldobr is, rom davari mefis daa. arada,
ratom maincdamainc mefis da? ra aucileblobiTaa
es uaxloesi naTesaoba nakarnaxevi? Tanac iseTi
aucileblobiT, rom saxelSic ki gaxmianda – `da var“.
da var, romelsac sakuTari Zma wamebiT sikvdils
mimzadebs, imgvar sikvdils, rom aqve, adgilzeve,
Tavis mokvla mirCevnia. diax, davari swored
magitom, swored mag saWiroebis gamo aris mefis
da, unda farsadani Tavisi mrisxane xasiaTiT ufro
TvalnaTliv warmoisaxos, ubralo gamzrdelis das­
ja ase SemaZrwunebeli ar gamoCndeboda.
davari mZvinvared sastikia, magram aranakleb
mZvinvared sastikia farsadanic, Tavis sisxlsa da
xorcs wamebiT moklavs, xeli ar auTrToldeba.
Tan risTvis, ra danaSaulisTvis? `man agre Tqva:
ubralo var, icis RmerTman saxierman“. farsadanis
prototipad ki vinc SeiZleba warmovidginoT,
dRe­saviT naTelia. Tanamedroveebs namdvilad ar
gauZneldebodaT amis amocnoba, kaenuri codvis
magaliTi iqve, xelisgulze edoT, Sors wasvla ar
dasWirdebodaT. miniSneba udavod saxifaToa (vin
aris es modgma!), magram jer mainc zogadia. kidev
ramdenime monacemi da konturebi sruli sicxadiT
gamoikveTeba.

209
 XVI

sasiZo moklulia, farsadani mZvinvarebs. arada,

mis tons davakvirdeT, ra rbilia: `Tu Cemi qali
gindoda, ratom ar Semagebine, xvarazmSas sisxli
ubralo saxlad rad damadebine“? miamituri gaoce­
biT uTvlis igi tariels. droze rom `Seego“, yurs
CaswveTeboda, qals rogor daukavebda! tarielisa mas
uzomo SiSi aqvs, nestanis sityvebidan es ukve viciT:
`qmnas mefeman yel-motexviT Semoxvewa, Semokvdoma,
xelTa mogces Tavi Cemi“... saidan momdinareobs eg
SiSi, Zneli misaxvedri ar aris: `qalaqi mqonda
magari, mterTagan mourevari... kacni gavgzavnen,
vacnobe yovlgan laSqarsa yvelasa: aqa mommarTeT,
vincaRa Cemsa iqmodeT Svelasa“. SeuZlebeli sulac
ar Cans, rom tarielma didi Sinaomi gaumarTos da
xalxic miibiros, radgan amboxebisaTvis sruli
kanonieri safuZveli arsebobs. am sakiTxs cota
xanSi isev davubrundebiT.

XVII

axla ki imas minda xazi gavusva, rom farsadanma

zustad icis, risTvisac moxda mkvleloba. qal-vaJis
saidumlo mijnurobis ambavi, rogorc mosalodneli
iyo, iseTi saidumloc ar aRmoCnda, Tavad monawi­
leebs rom egonaT. `mas uyvarda qali Cemi, sisxlni
velTa mouRvrian, ra naxian erTmanerTi, ar-Sexedva
ver daTmian“. farsadani darwmunebulia, rom es
ambavi davarmac icoda, da, rasakvirvelia, ar cdeba.

210
oRond davari imasac mimxvdaria, rom mkvleloba
nestanma Caifiqra, tarieli am saqmes TavisiT ar
Caidenda, icnobs orives bunebas – `roskipo, bozo
diaco, saqmro rad moakvlevine“! farsadans ki aq
gamWriaxoba danamdvilebiT Ralatobs, igi davars
qal-vaJis mesaidumled miiCnevs da mkvlelobis
STamagonebelic Tavisi asuli ki ara, davari hgonia:
`me RmrTisa vuTxar, daubams mas eSmakisa badesa!
maT boz-kuroTa aseTi ra misces, ra uqadesa“?
yovelive zemoTqmulidan erTi ramec, vfiqrob,
naTelia: farsadans tarieli siZed ar undoda,
xvarazmeli ufliswulic swored mag mizeziT
Cans mowveuli – mociqulebs vaJTan, Tanac ase
saswrafod, Tavad qalis mama gzavnis: saidumlo
mijnuroba unda iqamde aRikveTos, sanam saqveynod
ar gacxadebula. tariels saTaTbirod maSinRa
ibarebs, roca yvelaferi ukve gadawyvetilia: `maT
winasve daepira ima ymisa Seni qmroba“. tarielis
dasturi farsadans aucileblad esaWiroeba da
cdilobs, iseTi garemo Seuqmnas, rom es uneburi
dasturi mowmeTa TandaswrebiT gamosZalos, rac,
isev da isev tarielis bunebis wyalobiT, arc
Tu Znelad misaRwevi gamodgeba. nestanisaTvis
ki saerTod araferi ukiTxavT, nuTu mis xasiaTs
ase cudad icnobdnen? ar icodnen, ra qariSxali
dautrialdebodaT? piriqiT, swored imitomac ar
uTxres, Zalian kargad rom icnobdnen. amjobines,
faqtis winaSe daeyenebinaT.

211
 XVIII

Tavidan ki farsadani tariels amzadebda same­

fod, mereRa gadaifiqra, roca darwmunda, rom mis
asuls saxelmwifos gaZRola SeeZlo. mainc ra­ tom
zrdida samefod, mxolod imitom, rom ase moe­
guneba? anda ratom miiCnevs tarieli, rom taxti mas
ekuTvnis? imis gamo, rom uebro mebrZolia? `Seni
qali arad minda, gaaTxove, gamaride, indoeTi Cemi
aris, arvis mivcem Cemgan kide“! farsadans ki amaze
araviTari pasuxi ar moeZeveba. ratom, ra xdeba?
mizezs didi Zebna ar sWirdeba, teqstSive SaviT
TeTrze weria, sityvebi farsadanis mier aris war­
moTqmuli: `mefeman Tqva: Svilad gavzrdi, TviT
Ce­
mive gvari arsa“. gvari Zvel qarTulSi, iseve
ro­gorc dRes, bevri ramis aRmniSvneli SeiZleba
iyos, magram aq konteqsti sxva gagebis saSualebas
ar tovebs, aq es sityva mxolod da mxolod sag­va­
reulos aRniSnavs. tarieli imave dinastiis gver­
diTi Stoa, erTaderTi vaJi-memkvidrea – `erTiRa
me var memkvidre, yvelai Tqven mogxdomia“ – da
taxti yvela wesis mixedviT mas ekuTvnis. far­sadani
taxtis uzurpacias axdens Tavisi qalis sasar­ geb­
lod...

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 XIX

farsadani taxtis uzurpacias axdens Tavisi

qalis sasargeblod da aq ukve Cven Tvalwin
araorazrovnad ikveTeba demna batoniSvilis saxe,
mTel am pasaJebs misi tragikuli Crdili afenia,
ubeduri ufliswulisa, erTaderTi kanonieri mem­
kvidrisa, romlis uflebaTa uzurpaciac ase saq­
veynod moaxdines. amas ukve saxifao miniSnebac aRar
hqvia. samefo karis TvaliT Tu SevxedavT, `Tanamdeb
ars sasjelisa“.
xolo Tu legendad gamkrTali cnoba Tamarisa
da demnas urTierTltolvis Sesaxeb im droSive
gaCnda, aucilebeli ar aris, rom simarTle iyos,
Tu im droSive, rogorc ityvian, gaWoriWorda,
paraleli kidev ufro srulia da miniSneba kidev
ufro zusti.
amgvari qorwineba CvenSi, sxvaTagan gansxvavebiT,
samefo gvarsac ekrZaleboda, magram qarTul ekle­
sias, im eqstremuli da Cixuri situaciis gaT­
valiswinebiT, Tanxmobac rom gamoeTqva, TviTon
mama ar dauSvebda, radgan demna batoniSvili, ka­
no­
nieri memkvidre, Tavadve Seiqmneboda mefe, da­
viT soslanobas ar gaswevda. mamas ki Tavisi asu­
lis gamefeba ewada, ara gadedofleba. farsadanis
Sefaruli mizanic swored es aris, magitomac ar
unda tarieli siZed, masac gamefeba swadia Tavisi
qalisa, ara gadedofleba.

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 XX

cxadia, demna batoniSvils tarielis srul pro­

totipad mainc ver davsaxavT, tarieli eposis gmi­
ria da ubeduri ufliswulis xvedrs veraviTar Sem­
TxvevaSi ver gaiziarebda.
is sasjeli, romelic biZam ZmisSvilisaTvis air­
Cia, zustad gvauwyebs, saidanac moeloda mTavar
safrTxes da yvelaze did SiSad ra hqonda Cayolili:
man igi daasaWurisebina. Tvalebic dasTxara, Tva­
lebi riTiRa aSinebda? sabralom veRar gauZlo da
suli ganuteva. safiqrebelia, rom dabrmavebul-
dasaWurisebulma sulac Tavi moikla.
mas da tariels Soris nebelobis mxrivac ilan­
deba garkveuli msgavseba. marTalia, mematiane
gvauwyebs, rom demna batoniSvilma biZas ajanyeba
mouwyo, magram es uniaTo winaaRmdegoba ajanyebas
ki ara, sasowarkveTas ufro hgavs, Tavis gadarCenis
ganwirul mcdelobas, Tu sulac biZis mierve ar
iyo provocirebuli. Tumca prototipebisa da qro­
nologiebis Zebna mniSvnelovani arc aris. mTa­ vari
saTqmeli aq erTi winadadebiT SeiZleba gamoixatos:

`indoTa“ samefo kari mxolod da mxolod im

codva-madlisagan iqsoveba, romelic saqarTvelos
sa­mefo karze trialebda!

vfiqrob, gasagebia, ratom aris yovelive es

araaqcentirebuli, yrud mowvdili. kidev mkveTri

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aqcentebic rom dasmuliyo! mkveTri aqcenti poemis
dasawyisSive TinaTinis gamefebazea dasmuli, saerTo
sixarulze da zar-zeimze, miniSneba Riad da sruli
aRtacebiT keTdeba, rac winaswarganzraxulad aZne­
lebs imis varauds, rom `indoTa“ samefo karic
SeiZleba qarTul sinamdviles asaxavdes. dRes ki
idealurobis xibliT monusxulni ukve eWvadac
aRar vuSvebT negativis SesaZleblobas.

XXI

...poetma ueWvelad icoda, raoden saxifaTo iyo

miseuli simarTle, isic icoda, dros ixelTebdnen
mtrebi da moSurneebi, yvelgan, yovlad uwyinar
strofebSic, borot Canafiqrs aRmouCendnen, da
man mizanSewonilad miiCnia, ukan dasaxevi gza ar
moeWra – `ese ambavi sparsuli“.
Tu Cemi versia simarTlesTan axloa, es strofi
erTaderT adresats, samefo kars miemarTeba:
`vgrZnob, saWoWmano saqme iyo am qargis aReba,
radgan masSi marTlac aris zogi ram, rac SeiZleba
miniSnebas hgavdes, magram me ise movixible am
mSvenieri qmnilebiT, am oboli margalitiT, rom
mainc davyevi cTunebas. is, rac braldebad SeiZleba
Semomitrialdes, sinamdvileSi sparsuli dednidan
modis. erTaderTi brali rac mimiZRvis, cdunebas
davyevi. Cemi xelmqmneli sworad gamigebs da ama
saqmes xeldasxams“.

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 XXII

jer kidev iyo imedi, rom Tamaris qeba da po­

emis momnusxveli Zala gadawonida. samefo kars
saSualeba eZleoda, SorsmWvreteloba gamoeCina da
Tavi moetyuebina. ra Tqma unda, SesaZlebelia am­
gvari versiis daSvebac, Tavis motyuebis versiisa,
magram ufro savaraudoa, rom karma es ar ineba.
sxvafriv rogorRa unda aixsnas is gamaognebeli
faqti, rom eris upirvelesma wignma ramdenime sau­
kunis ganmavlobaSi zedapirze ver amoaRwia? amoaR­
wia mxolod mas Semdeg, rac yvela SiSi aTkecad ga­
marTlda da yovelgvarma miniSnebam politikuri
simZafre dakarga. erTaderTi axsnaa, naCqarevad
gadawerili nusxebi farulad vrceldeboda.
poetica da misi wignic Seirisxa. legenda gve­ub­
neba, rom poeti samSoblodan ganidevna. Se­ saZ­
loa,
berad aRkveces da marTla ierusalimis qarTul
monasterSi aResrula. wigni, ra Tqma unda, gadarCa,
aseT wigns vera eri ver daTmobda, magram poetze
legendebis meti araferi SemogvrCa. saxelic ki –
SoTa – mxolod legendam Semogvinaxa.

216
 XXIII

TiTqmis daujerebelia: idealuri mefe, idea­

luri samefo kari, idealuri xana, idealuri mgosani
– da uceb aseTi peripetia. magram imiTve minda
davasrulo, rac ukve ramdenjerme vTqvi: swored
amgvari xedva ar gvanebebs zogjer sruliad cxadi
sagnebisa Tu movlenebis miudgomel danaxvas.

217