Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
8
Learning Activity Sheet
Arts 8 Quarter 3
Introducing the Arts of South Asia
ARTS – Grade 8
Learning Activity Sheet
Quarter 3 –Introducing the Arts of South Asia

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
I. What I Need to Know
After going through this activity sheet, you are expected to:

●analyze elements and principles of art in the production of arts and crafts
inspired by the cultures of South Asia (A8EL-IIIb-1)

●identify characteristics of arts and crafts in specific countries in South Asia

(A8EL-IIIa-2)

●reflect on and derive the mood, idea or message from selected artifacts and art
objects (A8PL-IIIh-1)

●appreciate the artifacts and art objects in terms of their utilization and their
distinct use of art elements and principles (A8PL-IIIh-2)

●trace the external and internal influences that are reflected in the design of an
artwork and in the making of a craft (A8PL-IIIh-4)

●show the relationship of the development of crafts in specific countries in South

Asia, according to functionality, traditional specialized expertise, and availability
of resources (A8PR-IIIf-3)

●show the commonalities and differences of the cultures of the South Asian,
countries in relation to Philippine culture (A8PR-IIIh-4)

●incorporate the design, form, and spirit of South Asian artifacts and objects to
one’s creation (A8PL-IIIh-3)

●create arts and crafts that can be locally assembled with local materials, guided
by local traditional techniques (A8PR-IIIc-e-1)

●derive elements from traditions/history of a community for one’s artwork

(A8PR-IIIf-2)
Lesson Introducing the Arts of South
1 Asia

II. What’s In
In the previous quarter, you were able to explore East Asian countries and gained a
lot of information about their contribution to the world through their arts. Can you
name them?

Directions. Name the following East Asian arts. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. 2. 3.
O______ C__________ K___ T____

4. 5.
J____ L_____ C________
K___

III. What is It
In this quarter, you will learn about South Asia and their artworks and
distinguish its similarities and differences with the arts of the other regions in Asia.

South Asia is a relatively flat region bordered by steep mountain ranges. It can
be divided into a main portion (Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh), an island (Sri
Lanka), and two countries perched in the Himalayas (Nepal and Bhutan).

South Asia being one of the large regions of the world features a shared
cultural foundation, the Indian culture. (In historical discussion, "India" often denotes
all of South Asia, not just the region of modern India.)

Pre-modern South Asian history can be divided into four parts. Civilized life in
this region began with the Indus civilization. With the collapse of Indus society, a
non-urban period ensued, during which the Indic people arrived in South Asia and
proceeded to develop Indian culture. As Indian culture emerged, the Indic people
became the Indian people.
 With the rise of Indian cities, Indian civilization flourished independently. Then
came a period of Islamic domination, during which Islamic states (established by
invaders from Central Asia) controlled much of South Asia.

ARTS of SOUTH ASIA

a. Indus Civilization Art
Little art survives from the Indus civilization; most is small sculpture. Perhaps
the most famous aesthetic remnants of the Indus civilization are soapstone seals.

soapstone seals
http://www.essential-humanities.net/img/art/artw41.png

The two largest settlements of the Indus civilization were Mohenjo-Daro and
Harappa. While the ruins of these cities are renowned for their carefully-planned
layouts, little survives of their buildings.

Ruins of Mohenjo Daro

http://www.essential-humanities.net/img/art/artw42.png

b. Buddhist Architecture
 India gave rise to three major religions: Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.
During the first half of the Indian kingdom age (ca. 500 BC-1200 AD), Buddhism and
Hinduism vied for religious dominance of India. Buddhism then fell into decline,
leaving Hinduism the dominant faith of India by far (which remains today).
Meanwhile, Jainism has always flourished as a significant minority religion.
Most surviving architecture of the Indian kingdom age is religious in nature.
Remarkably, many of these structures are rock-cut architecture (they were carved
out of solid natural rock).

Ajanta Caves of Maharashtra, India

https://i0.wp.com/www.hisour.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Ajanta-Caves.jpg?w=960&ssl=1

The Ajanta Caves are approximately 30 rock-cut Buddhist cave monuments

famous for its mural paintings.

paintings in the Ajanta Caves

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Life_circle_of_Lord_Buddha_-_A_marvel_of_painting_inside_Ajanta_Cave.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Coming_Of_Sinhala_(Mural_At_Ajanta_In_Cave_No_17).jpg
c. Indian Sculptures
Sculpture is considered the primary traditional art form of South Asia. The
predominant subject of South Asian sculpture is the human figure. In addition to
architectural carvings, South Asian sculptors produced many free-standing statues,
primarily in stone (but also bronze).

Shiva, the Cosmic-dancer

http://www.essential-humanities.net/img/art/hindu-statue-bronze.jpg

d. Indo-Islamic Art
With the rise of Islamic states as the dominant powers of South Asia, Indian
art was subjected to Islamic influence. The most brilliant manifestations could be
seen in their architecture.
The primary form of Indo-Islamic architecture is the mosque. The exterior of
an Indo-Islamic mosque is often rich with sculpture, such that it resembles the
exterior of a Hindu temple. Moreover, the towers and domes of an Indo-Islamic
mosque are often clearly based on the towers of Hindu temples or the domes of
Buddhist stupas.
The masterpiece of Indo-Islamic architecture is the Taj Mahal, a mausoleum
with a mosque design constructed from dazzling white marble. The mausoleum
contrasts sharply with the smaller flanking buildings, made primarily of red
sandstone.
 Taj Mahal
http://www.essential-humanities.net/img/art/artw56.png

d. Diwali

Diwali, or Dipawali, (Festival of Lights) is India's biggest and most important

holiday of the year. The festival gets its name from the row (avali) of clay lamps
(deepa/diya) that Indians light outside their homes to symbolize the inner light that
protects them from spiritual darkness.

diyas
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diwali_lamps.jpg

Hindus interpret the Diwali story based upon where they live. But there's one
common theme no matter where people celebrate: the victory of good over evil.

Diwali is celebrated for three to five days. Aside from clay lamps, people also
decorate their homes with patterns called Rangoli on the floor using colored
powders or sand.
 Rangoli
https://pixabay.com/photos/rangoli-colorful-indian-festival-231339/

On the main day of the festival, families gather together for Lakshmi Puja, a
prayer to Goddess Lakshmi, followed by mouth-watering feasts and firework
festivities.
e. TRUCK ART
Truck art is a popular form of regional decoration in South Asia, with Pakistani
and Indian trucks featuring elaborate floral patterns and calligraphy.

Many trucks and buses are highly customized and decorated by their owners.
The decoration often contains elements that remind the truck drivers of home. The
art is a mode of expression for the truck drivers. Decoration may include structural
changes, paintings, calligraphy and ornamental-decor like mirror work on the front
and back of vehicles and wooden carvings on the truck doors. Depictions of various
historical scenes and poetic verses are also common.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truck_art_in_South_Asia#/media/File:Sisters_getting_ready.jpg
IV. Assessment
Directions. Identify the following. Write your answer on a space provided for.

__________1. clay lamps that symbolize inner light

__________2. the predominant subject of South Asian sculpture

__________3. India’s Festival of Lights

__________4. the primary form of Indo-Islamic architecture

__________5. making designs or patterns on floors of houses using colored sand or

powder

__________6. popular form of South Asian decoration on trucks

__________7. a mausoleum constructed from dazzling white marble

__________8. a 30 rock-cut cave monuments famous for its murals

__________9. most famous remnants of the Indus civilization

__________10. carved out of solid natural rock

V. What I Can Do
 RANGOLI

Rangoli is an art form originating in the Indian subcontinent, in which patterns

are created on the floor or the ground using materials such as coloured rice, coloured
sand, quartz powder, flower petals, and coloured rocks.
The purpose of Rangoli is to feel strength, generosity, and it is thought to bring
good luck. Design depictions reflect traditions, folklore, and practices that are unique
to each area.

You will need:

• Paper plate
• pencil
• Pentel Pen
• any coloring materials

Directions:
1. Sketch a design unique from your area (a local icon or product) on a paper plate
using a pencil.

2. Finalize the outline with heavier lines.

3. Use pentel pen to outline your design.

4. This is the most interesting step, and usually the most fun. Fill in your design using
your available colors according to your choice and color combination. In Indian
culture, it is important to completely fill in your Rangoli, leaving no open spaces.

Your artwork will be evaluated using these criteria:

EXCELLENT GOOD FAIR POOR
Category
5 4 3 2
Followed the Followed most Followed some
Following Did not follow
directions of the of the
Directions directions
correctly directions directions
Output is very Output is fair Output is dull
Creativity and Output is good
creative and and has few with lots of
Workmanship and tidy
tidy errors errors
Patterns of
Patterns of There is no
South Asian Patterns of
South Asian visible pattern
culture is well South Asian
culture is of South,
Pattern .defined and culture is
somewhat Central and
used from the visible but not
visible but not West Asian
beginning to clearly defined
continuous culture
end

VII. References
http://www.essential-humanities.net/world-history/south-asia/
https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/diwali/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truck_art_in_South_Asia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangoli
 Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
8
Learning Activity Sheet
Arts 8 Quarter 3
Introducing the Arts of Central
and West Asia
I. What I Need to Know
After going through this activity sheet, you are expected to:

●analyze elements and principles of art in the production of arts and crafts
inspired by the cultures of Central and West Asia (A8EL-IIIb-1)

●identify characteristics of arts and crafts in specific countries in Central and

West Asia (A8EL-IIIa-2)

●reflect on and derive the mood, idea or message from selected artifacts and art
objects (A8PL-IIIh-1)

●appreciate the artifacts and art objects in terms of their utilization and their
distinct use of art elements and principles (A8PL-IIIh-2)

●trace the external and internal influences that are reflected in the design of an
artwork and in the making of a craft (A8PL-IIIh-4)

●show the relationship of the development of crafts in specific countries in

Central and West Asia, according to functionality, traditional specialized
expertise, and availability of resources (A8PR-IIIf-3)

●show the commonalities and differences of the cultures of the Central and West
Asian, countries in relation to Philippine culture (A8PR-IIIh-4)

●incorporate the design, form, and spirit of Central and West Asian artifacts and
objects to one’s creation (A8PL-IIIh-3)

●create arts and crafts that can be locally assembled with local materials, guided
by local traditional techniques (A8PR-IIIc-e-1)

●derive elements from traditions/history of a community for one’s artwork

(A8PR-IIIf-2)
 Lesson Introducing the Arts of Central
1 and West Asia

II. What’s In
Match Column A with Column B. Write only the letter of your answer on a the side of
each number.
Column A Column B

1 a. Shiva
b. Taj Mahal
c. Diyas
d. Rangoli
e. Truck Art

1
III. What is It
In this quarter, you will learn about the arts of Central and West Asia.
Central Asian region consists of the former Soviet republics of Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. It is also colloquially referred
to as "the stans" as the countries generally considered to be within the region all
have names ending with the Persian suffix "-stan", meaning "land of". Various
neighbouring areas are sometimes also considered part of the region.
ARTS of CENTRAL ASIA
Arts of Uzbekistan
Making printed cloth was very popular among the peoples who inhabited the
region of present Uzbekistan. Printed table-cloths, curtains, bed-spreads, shawls,
high-quality cloth for women's garments, various coverlets (including horse-cloth),
and even funeral cerements and other piece and metrical printed articles performed
a utilitarian function and served as a daily-round ornament.
Uzbekistan ceramic art through many centuries was the most developed craft
in this region. The most famous Uzbekistan ceramic articles are made in Rishtan. It
is renowned for the blue glaze Ishkor. Rishtan ceramics is mostly decorated with
herbal elements as well as images of kumgans, birds, fishes, elements of
architectural adornments.

Uzbek’s printed cloth Rishtan Ceramics

https://abasayyoh.com/uploaded_images/pages/1/261.jpg

nxybC2mZoDk/VPOiFsK_OiI/AAAAAAABjXk/wpXhTTzNa6w/s1600/RishtanCeramics.jphttp://3.bp

.blogspot.com/- g

Arts of Kazakhstan
The Kazakhs were traditionally pastoral nomads, dwelling year-round in
portable, dome-shaped tents (called gers, or yurts) constructed of dismountable
wooden frames covered with felt.

yurts
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kazakh_Yurts.jpg
 The harsh conditions of a nomadic life forced people to produce all necessities on
their own. Kazakh folk craft tradition was thereby borne out of that necessity, with
items meeting the needs of the people and rarely being used for trade. Amongst
nomadic tribes, the type of handicraft work was delegated by gender: men were
engaged in the processing of wood, metal, leather, and other types of industries that
require strength and were traditionally associated with male activities; women
worked in areas where perseverance and hard work were needed—making and
processing felt or wool and various types of weaving and embroidery.

yurt’s interior decorations

https://img.theculturetrip.com/1440x807/smart/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/paris-yourte_kazakh-650x366-1.jpg

With Kazakhstan’s incorporation into the Russian Empire at the beginning of

the 19th century, the development of trade led to a decline in the role of folk crafts.
Today, handicrafts are a reflection of the rich nomadic culture of Kazakhstan, and
handicrafts mainly serve as gifts and souvenirs.

Arts of Tajikistan
Tajiks are a very ancient nation. Hence, the culture of this people is rather
unique and originates somewhere in extreme antiquity. Tajiks have managed to
preserve the traditions and customs of people.
From times immemorial Tajiks have been famous for creations of national
craftsmen. These skillful hands have been making fabrics, utensils, musical
instruments, carpets, furniture, jewelry and many other things for many centuries
using only natural ecologically pure raw materials.
The art of decorative carving is very important for the local residents. It
decorates the monuments of architecture, household objects, musical instruments,
utensils, doors, frames, souvenirs and so forth. This is one of the most ancient and
widespread crafts in Tajikistan. There are woodcarving (utensils, furniture), stone
carving and ganchu (architectural monuments, houses, interior decoration).
Long time ago images of people and animals were widely used in carving.
After Islam had been introduced they gradually disappeared to be replaced by
numerous Arabian inscriptions. Some carvers prefer "vegetative", geometrical
patterns. Household objects are normally decorated with onychoid four-leaf carving
made on red-black painting. In architecture the ornamentation in the form of lotus,
tulips and other flowers is more characteristic.
 process of woodcarving
https://encyclocraftsapr.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Process-of-wood-carving.-Istaravshan.-2012.jpg

Arts of Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan culture is slightly different from the cultural traditions of the
neighboring Muslim states of Central Asia. The reason to this is that the ancestors of
the Turkmen were nomadic tribes whereas the lands of modern Tajikistan and
Uzbekistan were populated by settled tribes of farmers.
The traditional arts of Turkmen include felt manufacture, jewelry making,
woodwork, ceramics, and silverwork, but the two crafts in which Turkmen excel are
silk manufacture and carpet making.
Turkmenistan produces some of the most unique and beautiful carpets in the
world. Carpet weaving is an ancient art, and each tribe developed its own distinctive
pattern. Turkmen carpets have been traditionally woven out of wool, cotton, and silk
by women, using horizontal looms. The method of weaving has been modernized,
but the beauty and quality of the fabrics remains.
Turkmenistan is also the source of ketene, a homespun silk that is used for
the beautiful dresses worn by Turkmen women on special occasions. The
embroidery uses different patterns that are as unique as a family seal, identifying the
tribe of its artist.

Turkmen rug
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tolkuchka_Bazaar4.jp
Arts of Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan cultres is heavily influenced by the traditions from nomadic life.
Kyrgyz culture features influences from Russia, Persia, and Turkey, but yet remains
something entirely unique. Nature influences are prominent and many traditions
reflect the fact that nomads lived closely with nature.
As nomads, the Kyrgyz people always lived closely with nature. From their
housing to their clothing, everything was designed to adapt to changing weather and
locations. Yurts are easy to take part and carry, and can be made warmer for winter,
and cooler for summer. The textiles inside of yurts, such as shyrdaks (handmade
carpet or rugs) and tush kyiz (embroidered wall hangings), take their inspiration from
designs found in nature, such as plants, animals, and landscapes. Even clothing was
made out of natural materials, and designed to be comfortable while still stylish.

shyrdaks
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Mie4E6XXRTg/UJNXBmeyVSI/AAAAAAAACD4/WqYUuusIN14/s640/1311711325+%25281%2529.jpg

tush kyiz
https://collections.artsmia.org/art/99492/tush-kyiz-kyrgyzstan
 ARTS of WEST ASIA

West Asia, also Western Asia is entirely a part of the Middle East. IT includes
Anatolia, the Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Mesopotamia, the Levant region, the island of
Cyprus, the Sinai Peninsula, and partly Transcaucasia. 20 countries are located fully
or partly in Western Asia, out of which 13 are part of the Arab world. The most
populous countries in Western Asia are Iran, Turkey, Iraq, Saudi Arabia and Yemen.

West Asian art encompasses the arts of the Near East, including the ancient art
of Mesopotamia, and more recently becoming dominated by Islamic art.

Arts of Mesopotamia

The emphasis of the art of

Mesopotamia was various, very
durable, forms of sculpture in stone
and clay; little painting has survived.

Mesopotamian survives in a
number of forms: cylinder seals,
relatively small figures in the round,
and reliefs of various sizes on art.

The Statue of Ebih

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ebih-Il_Louvre_AO17551_n01.jpg

Islamic Art
Islamic art is difficult to characterize because
it covers a wide range of lands, periods, and
genres, including architecture, calligraphy,
miniature, glass, pottery, and textile arts.
Religious art is represented by calligraphy,
architecture and furnishings of religious
buildings, such as mosque fittings (e.g.
mosque lamps and Girih tiles),
Egyptian mosque lamp woodwork and carpets.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mosque_Lamp_of_Amir_Qawsun.jpg
Islamic art is often characterized by recurrent motifs, such as the use of geometrical
floral or vegetal designs in a repetition known as the arabesque. The arabesque is
often used to symbolize the transcendent, indivisible and infinite nature of God.
Mistakes in repetitions may be intentionally introduced as a show of humility by
artists who believe only God can produce perfection, although this theory is disputed

detail of arabesque decoration

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Atauriques.jpg

Some interpretations of Islam include a ban of depiction of animate beings,

also known as aniconism. Islamic aniconism stems in part from the prohibition of
idolatry and in part from the belief that creation of living forms is God's prerogative.
Muslims have interpreted these prohibitions in different ways in different times and
places. Religious Islamic art has been typically characterized by the absence of
figures and extensive use of calligraphic, geometric and abstract floral patterns.

tiles with calligraphy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Courtyard_of_the_S%C3%BCleymaniye_Mosque_in_Istanbul,_Turkey_004.jpg
IV. Assessment
DIRECTIONS. Highlight the letter of the correct answer.
1. Country known for making printed tablecloth, curtains, bedspreads, and shawls
A. Uzbekistan B. Kazakhstan C. Tajikistan D. Pakistan

2. Rishtan ceramics is mostly decorated with __________.

A. birds B. fishes C. herbals D. all of the above

3. Men of Kazakhstan were engaged/delegated in __________.

A. making and processing felt or wool
B. processing of wood, metal, leather
C. various types of weaving and embroidery
D. all of the above

4. Central Asian country known for making utensils, musical instruments, furniture,
etc. using only natural raw materials
A. Pakistan B. Tajikistan C. Uzbekistan D. Kazakhstan

5. A homespun silk used for beautiful dresses worn by Turkmen women on special
occasions
A. shirdaks B. tush kyiz C. ketene D. diyas

6. An embroidered wall hanging made found in Kyrgyz houses/yurts

A. ketene B. frescoes C. shirdaks D. tush kyiz

7. Handmade carpets or rugs of the Kyrgyz people

A. arabesque B. ketene C. murals D. shyrdaks

8. The emphasis of the art of Mesopotamia was on sculpture in __________.

A. clay B. metal C. wood D. none of the above

9. Cylinder seals, small figures in the round, and reliefs are examples of
_________.
A. Egyptian art B. Islamic art
C. Uzbek art D. Mesopotamian art

10. Islamic art is often characterized by recurrent motifs known as the __________.
A. aniconism B. arabesque C. ganchu D. vegetative
V. What I Can Do
Express how much you understand the lesson and how you can relate with
the culture of other countries to our own country.

SOAP SCULPTURE

Materials
• soap
• nail pusher
• unused ballpen
• pencil
• old newspaper

Procedure

1. Prepare your working area. Spread newspaper out over the area where you’ll do
the carving. When you’re finished, you’ll be able to wrap up the newspaper to
easily remove the soap fragments.
2. Decide the design to carve on your soap. (an icon that represents your
town/province, or an object that represents your area)
3. Draw an outline. You can use a pencil to make the outline or you can etch the
outline into the soap. This basic outline shows you what parts of the soap you
need to remove.
4. Slice away the outside portions using a knife but be careful in using the knife and
get assistance from your family in doing it.
5. Use the nail pusher in scraping out the parts of the soap to begin detail work.
6. Polish the soap. Carefully use your fingers or a paper towel to remove any soap
shavings left on the surface.
7. Clean up your space when finish.
 Your artwork will be evaluated using these criteria:
EXCELLENT GOOD FAIR POOR
Category
5 4 3 2
Followed the Followed most Followed some
Following Did not follow
directions of the of the
Directions directions
correctly directions directions
Output is very Output is fair Output is dull
Creativity and Output is good
creative and and has few with lots of
Workmanship and tidy
tidy errors errors
Patterns of
Patterns of
Central, and Patterns of
Central, and There is no
West Asian Central, and
West Asian visible pattern
culture is well West Asian of Central and
Pattern culture is
defined and culture is
somewhat West Asian
used from the visible but not
visible but not culture
beginning to clearly defined
continuous
end

VII. References
https://abasayyoh.com/pages/66
https://www.advantour.com/uzbekistan/culture/handicrafts/ceramics.htm
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Kazakh
https://www.advantour.com/kazakhstan/culture/crafts.htm
https://www.advantour.com/tajikistan/culture.htm
https://www.advantour.com/tajikistan/crafts.htm
https://encyclocraftsapr.com/chubkori-woodcarving/
https://www.advantour.com/turkmenistan/culture.htm
https://www.centralasiacultures.com/turkmenistan
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Asia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Asian_art
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_of_Mesopotamia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_art https://www.wikihow.com/Make-a-Soap-
Carving