Definition, Goals, and Scope of

Special and Inclusive

Education
Lecture 1
Objectives
✓ Demonstrate an in-depth understanding of concepts related to
inclusive and special education that promote supportive
environments to diverse learners (like inclusion, integration,
mainstream, transition, etc.) as indicated in the DepEd Inclusive
Education Policy;

✓ Demonstrate knowledge of responsive special and inclusive

education programs for diverse learners; and

✓ Compare and contrast Inclusive Education in the Philippines with

that of International standards.
 ALL

ARE DIFFERENT !!
Why is it important for every teacher to understand
learner diversity?
 What is inclusion ?
Inclusion is an evolutionary process through which the
needs of the individual students are addressed by
general and special education staff who help provide
the necessary support to meet the students’ needs. The
inclusion process teaches staff and students the value
of diversity. It provides a learning environment
intended to better prepare everyone involved for
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“ The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development further built on
these principles and the Sustainable Development Goal 4 on
“
Education and the Education 2030 Framework for Action emphasize
Education for All as a way to conceptualize inclusive education, and
make a pledge to “leave no one behind”.

(Sestier, 2020)
Inclusive Special
Education Education
means different and is disability specific
diverse students and emphasizes a set
learning side by side of skills required to
in the same teach “special”
classroom. children.
In Ph, Served 2%
“ In the memorandum (DO No. 26, s. 1997), it was stated that all
divisions shall organize at least one SPED Center which will cater
children with special needs. Programs organized shall adopt the
“
inclusive education concept or the different types of SPED programs
suited to the needs of the learners.
 The practice of IE is enshrined with…

Section 8. Inclusiveness of Enhanced Basic

Education.
8.1. Programs for the Gifted and Talented
8.2. Programs for Leaners with Disabilities
8.3. Madrasah Program
8.4. Indigenous People Education Program
8.5. Programs for Learners under Difficult Circumstances
DepEd Order No. 43, s. 2013
Implementing of Rules and Regulation of (IRR) Republic Act No. 10533
Other wise known as the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013
 A comprehensive inclusive program for children with special needs has
the following components:
(DepEd Order No. 72, s. 2009)

Child Find Assessment Program Options

Existing SPED Centers A. Self-contained classes

Differently abled learners shall
B. Placement of the child with
be visited by SPED in the Division shall assist disabilities in regular
teachers and parents should regular schools in the classes
be convinced to enroll their assessment process. C. Resource room program
children in SPED Centers or
schools nearest their
home.
A comprehensive inclusive program for children with special needs has
the following components:
(DepEd Order No. 72, s. 2009)

Curriculum Modification Parental Involvement

✓ Includes new ways of teaching- District and school-based special

learning practices to cater education and regular teachers,
these type of learners administrators and parents need to
✓ Shall include cooperative and collaboratively develop and
team teaching, consulting facilitate the most effective
teacher program , etc. program for children with
disabilities. This
program shall be included in the
School Improvement Plan (SIP).
Inclusive Learner Friendly Environments (ILFE) -
what is it and why is it important?

What is a learning friendly environment?

Children come to school to learn and a child friendly
environment is important that is safe and welcoming,
with full participation. But as teachers we are always
learning too- new knowledge about the world, how to
teach more effectively to students so they can read,
write and do mathematics. Teachers can also learn
from their students.

Teaching Methods and Individual Education Plans (IEP) for the Inclusion of Children with Disabilities Edition 2
(May 2016)
 Characteristics of an Inclusive Learning Friendly
Classroom compared with a traditional classroom

Characteristic Inclusive Learning Friendly Traditional Classroom

s Classroom
Relationships Close relationship between students Distant relationship
and teacher- friendly and warm. The between teacher and
teacher goes to sit next to students, student (e.g. the teacher
smiles and often praises the talks to the students with
students for good work. her back to them.
Who is in the The teacher and students that have The teacher and students
classroom a wide range of backgrounds and that have similar abilities
abilities (boys and girls, ethnic
groups, children with disabilities,
children from poorer families). A
parent helper might also be in the
classroom
Teaching Methods and Individual Education Plans (IEP) for the Inclusion of Children with Disabilities Edition 2 (May 2016)
 Characteristics of an Inclusive Learning Friendly
Classroom compared with a traditional classroom

Characteristic Inclusive Learning Friendly Traditional Classroom

s Classroom
Seating Different seating arrangements- Identical seating
arrangements tables in rows, circles, space to sit in arrangements in all
the floor. classrooms (all children
seated in rows)
Learning Variety of materials for all subjects- Textbook, exercise book
materials posters, materials made from local and chalkboard for
resources, puppets, etc. teacher
Resources The teacher plans the day in The teacher is interacting
advance and asks students to bring with the students without
in learning materials that have no any additional materials
cost

Teaching Methods and Individual Education Plans (IEP) for the Inclusion of Children with Disabilities Edition 2 (May 2016)
Vision
A world where every person has access to relevant, quality
education and lifelong learning.

Mission
To provide support and promote innovative solutions to the
challenges faced by ministries of education and governments in
the complex task of improving equity, quality, relevance and
effectiveness of curriculum, teaching, learning and assessment
processes and outcomes.
Goals
The goal is that the whole education system will facilitate
learning environments where teachers and learners embrace
and welcome the challenge and benefits of diversity. Within an
inclusive education approach, learning environments are
fostered where individual needs are met and every student has
an opportunity to succeed

Objectives
The primary objective of Inclusive education is to educate
disabled students in the regular classroom and still meet their
individual needs. Inclusive education allows children with
special needs to receive a free and appropriate education
along with nondisabled students in the regular classroom.
Scope of Inclusive Education
This policy framework shall guide DepEd programs, both in
formal education system and alternative
learning system, and in public and private schools and the
support systems that enable their effective
Implementation.

Deped shall ensure that learners with disabilities are equally

provided with opportunities to fully participate in the K to 12
Basic Ed Program
 Goals of Inclusive Ed
1. To develop and utilize Individualized Education Programmes (IEP) as a means to impart
personalized and need based educational experiences to all students, abled or disabled.
2. To develop democratic thinking in young students and make democratization of
education possible.
3. Provide educational opportunities to all students, irrespective of their backgrounds and
capabilities
4. To provide appropriate vocational services to students with disabilities and direct them to
careers suited for them.
5. To provide Transition Services and develop a post - secondary school plan for each
student with disability, so that they can acquire help and adjust at the higher levels of
education.
 Goals of Inclusive Ed
6. To provide a coordinated and comprehensive instructional program from kindergarten
through high school.
7. Help teachers in identifying the strengths and weaknesses of students and provide
appropriate assistance wherever and whenever required.
8. To make use of the latest ICT based and non - ICT based teaching learning tools in
classroom to enhance the learning capabilities of not just disabled students but also fully
abled students as well.
9. Making use of specialized instructors, medical experts, therapist, support agents and
various experts in the process of education.
10. To encourage students with disabilities to take up leadership roles and responsibilities,
making them more independent and less reliant on other's help.
 Goals of Inclusive Ed
11. Getting parents to be actively involved in their child's education by constantly
communicating and coordinating the child's learning activities.
12. Develop the value of tolerance and acceptance towards persons who are different in looks,
color, race, gender, abilities, etc.
13. Sensitize the abled students about the problems and hardships faced by their disabled
classmates, and helping them appreciate what they have, which develops mature sensibility and
outlook towards the world around them.
14. Teachers in inclusive settings tend to develop new skills and well as understanding about
the different needs of students, thus leading to professional development.
15. Create social acceptance and awareness regarding inclusive education through various
awareness programs, which not only encourages people to send their disabled children to school but
also remove the social stigma around disabilities.
Thanks for listening!