History Reviewer

He is known as the "Brains of the Katipunan". Emilio Jacinto

The newspaper established by Marcelo H. del Pilar which served as a propaganda material for the
reformists. Diariong Tagalog
When were the 24-hour nationwide emergency hotlines launched? August 1, 2016
We celebrate Rizal Day every? December 30
The eight (8) rays of the sun in the Philippine flag represent the first eight: Provinces that revolted and
struggled against the abuses of the Spanish friars and conquistadores.
Who was incarcerated President during the Japanese occupation? Manuel L Quezon
The Philippine President whose economic policy was called "Filipino First Policy". Carlos P Garcia
It was a surprised military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy against the United States naval base on
the morning of December 7, 1941. Bombing of Pearl harbor
Dr. Jose Rizal wrote this poem before he was executed. Mi Ultimo Adios
The battle fought on 1 May 1898 between American and Spanish forces during the Spanish-American War.
It is also known as the Battle of Cavite. Battle of Manila Bay
It is the law which allowed the establishment of American Civil Government in the Philippines. The Spooner
Amendment
The president during the Revolutionary Government also known as the Malolos Republic. Emilio Aguinaldo
When was the last presidential elections which resulted to the victory of Pres. Rodrigo Roa Duterte? May 9
2016
It is the date which marked the Philippine Independence Day when Emilio Aguinaldo waved the Philippine
Flag for the first time in Kawit, Cavite. June 12 1898
The following are famous works and writings of Rizal except: Caingat Kayo
The first book which was printed in the Philippines in the year 1593. Doctrina Christiana
Who named the country 'Islas de San Lazaro'? Ferdinand Magellan
Who led the longest revolt in the Philippines during the Spanish times? Francisco Dagohoy
Oldest City in the Philippines. Cebu
It is the town is Zamboanga del Norte where Dr. Jose Rizal was exiled for four years before he was
executed. Dapitan
A Filipino hero who is known for his pseudonym "Paralitico". Apolinario Mabini
The Fall of Bataan which we celebrate every 9th of April is also regarded as? Araw ng Kagitingan
He was one of the heroes of the Battle of Hill Eerie during the Korean War as a young lieutenant and later
served as a President of the Philippines. Fidel V Ramos
What was the name of the Filipino soldier who led the Cavite Mutiny of 1872? Sergeant Lamadrid
Also known as the President of the Masses. Ramon Magsaysay
The date when the Philippines won over the arbitration case regarding the West Philippine Sea on the
Permanent Court of Arbitration against China. July 12 2016
Where was the Death March ended? Tarlac
He is known as the founder and "Father of Katipunan", "Supremo", or the "Great Plebeian". Andres
Bonifacio
He is the first Filipino president of the University of the Philippines-Diliman. Ignacio Villamor
Who was the hero of the Battle at Tirad Pass? Gregorio del Pilar
Which of the following former presidents died in a plane crash? Ramon Magsaysay (Date March 16 1957)
We celebrate the Araw ng Kagitingan every_ April 9
Who is the first Chief Justice who was removed from office by an impeachment case? Renato Corona
One of Dr. Jose Rizal's objective as a propagandist is the assimilation of the Philippines to Spain.
La liga Filipina, a propaganda movement put up a newspaper called_________ to fight violence and
injustice of Spaniards to the Filipinos. La Solidaridad
Labor Day celebration? May 1
Who wrote the "Kartilla", considered the 'bible' of the Katipunan movement? Emilio Jacinto
It is the first political party in the Philippines. Federal Party
Who created the designs for the Philippine national flag? Emilio Aguinaldo
Who was the last Sultan of Sulu? Jumalul Kiram II
It was the Philippine Army contingent of the United Nations forces that fought in the Korean War in 1950–
1953. Philippine Expenditionary Forces to Korea
He exercises all executive, legislative and judicial powers in the small communities during the pre-colonial
era. Datu
Writer of the Spanish poem Filipinas, from which Lupang Hinirang was adapted from. Jose Palma
The EDSA Revolution I or what we call People Power Revolution is celebrated on what date? February 25
The president who passed RA 6657 or the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law. Corazon Aquino
-Philippine History Timeline-
● 1380 - Muslim Arabs arrived at the Sulu Archipelago.
● 1521 - Ferdinand Magellan "discovers" the islands and names them: Archipelago of San Lazaro.
● 1542 - Spanish expedition commandeered by Ruy Lopez de Villalobos claims the islands for Spain;
names them "Philippines" after Prince Philip, later King Philip II of Spain; the Philippines becomes part of
Spanish Empire.
● 1872 - Gomburza (Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and Jocinto Zamora) were executed by the
Spaniards.
● 1892 - Jose Rizal founded the civic organization La Liga Filipina.
● 1896 - Katipuneros tear their cedulas & shout in contempt of the Spaniards in what is called the Cry of
Pugadlawin.
● 1897 - General Emilio Aguinaldo establishes the a new republic at Biak-na-Bato in Bulacan.
● 1886 - José Rizal publishes anti-Spanish novel, Noli Me Tangere (The Lost Eden); and seers up
independence sentiment.
● 1896 - Spanish execute Rizal for instigating insurrection; public outrage spawns rebellion.
● 1898 - American warship Maine was blown up in Havana harbour, triggers the the Spanish-American
war, the battle of Manila Bay ensues.
● 1898 - Emilio Aguinaldo assembled the Malolos Congress in Bulacan, then declares independence in
Kawit, Cavite
● 1899 - Treaty of Paris ends Spanish-American War, cedes Philippines to U.S. after payment to Spain by
U.S. of $ 20 million. Emilio Aguinaldo declares independence then leads a guerrilla war against U.S.
● 1901 - U.S. captures Aguinaldo; William Howard Taft arrives as first U.S. governor of Philippines.
● 1902 - Insurrection ends; Taft improves economic conditions, settles disputes over church ownership of
land, establishes "Pensionado" program, allowing Filipinos to study in U.S., which helped modernize and
westernize the country.
● 1916 - U.S. congress passes the Jones Law establishing elected Filipino legislature with house and
senate.
● 1934 - U.S. congress approves the Tydings-McDuffie Law promising Philippine independence by 1946;
transition to independence begins.
● 1935 - Filipino people approve constitution creating the Philippine Commonwealth with Manuel Quezon y
Molina as president.
● 1941 - Japanese invades the Philippines, and defeats Gen. Douglas MacArthur at Bataan and
Corregidor; Quezon establishes government in exile in the U.S.
● 1944 - Quezon dies in exile; Vice President Sergio Osmeña assumes the presidency; MacArthur returns
to the Philippines and lands in Leyte with little resistance.
● 1945 - Gen. MacArthur liberates Manila and President Osmeña establishes government.
● 1946 - The U.S. gave the Philippines independence and Manuel Roxas y Acuña is elected as the first
president of the new republic.
● 1965 - Ferdinand E. Marcos is elected by a big majority as president.
● 1972 - Martial Law was declared by President Marcos. This period is marked with human rights abuses
and corruption.
● 1981 - Marcos lifts Martial Law.
● 1983 - Opposition leader Benigno "Ninoy" Aquino returns from exile and is assassinated on arrival at
Manila International Airport; Aquino's widow Corazon leads the "People Power" protest movement.
● 1986 - Marcos was officially declared winner in a presidential election beating Corazon Aquino amid
charges of fraud; demonstrations erupt; Marcos flees to Hawaii; Aquino is declared president and forms a
new government.
● 1992 - Endorsed by Aquino, her Secretary of Defense Gen. Fidel Ramos wins presidential election. U.S.
Philippine congress rejects a new treaty with the U.S. and Subic Bay naval base and Clark Air Field returns
to Philippine government, ending American military presence in the Philippines.
● 1996 - The government of Ramos agrees to greater autonomy for southern island of Mindanao. Moro
National Liberation Front (MNLF) ends the guerrilla war with the government.
● 1997 - Asian financial crisis grips Asia and the Philippines escapes the crisis despite series of currency
devaluations.
● 1998 - Former movie actor Joseph Estrada is elected president.
● 2000 - On charges of corruption, the lower house impeaches Estrada.
● 2001 - Estrada was forced to step down due to public outrage over corruption allegations. Vice President
Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo assumes the presidency.
● 2004 - Presidential election takes place. Arroyo's closest rival (a dear friend of Ex-President Estrada) is
film actor Fernando Poe, Jr. Arroyo narrowly defeats Poe, taking 39.5% of the vote to Poe's 36.6%.
● 2005 - A taped conversation between President Arroyo & an election official surfaced during the 2004
elections implying she influenced the official election results. Calls for her resignation and demonstrations
followed soon after. In September 2005, Congress voted down the filing of an impeachment against Arroyo.
● 2007 - Former President Joseph Estrada is convicted of plunder, the first ever in the history of the
Philippines.
● 2010 - First automated national elections in the Philippines.
● 2010 - Benigno "Noynoy" Simeon Cojuangco Aquino III wins the Presidential elections and sworn in at
Manila's Rizal Park on June 30, 2010.
● 2016 - Rodrigo "Rody" Roa Duterte, the former Mayor of Davao City assumes the Presidency. He is the
first president to come from Mindanao.
● 2017 - Pres. Duterte declares Martial Law in Mindanao Island due to the rebellion in Marawi City by ISIS-
affiliated Maute group on May 23 and extended by both houses of congress to December 31, 2017. The
devastated city of Marawi was declared liberated by Duterte on October 17, 2017.
● 2020 - Starting March 10, the many parts of the country, specially the National Capital Region, has been
under various levels of lockdown due to the Corona virus (COVID-19) that started in Wuhan, China and has
spread worldwide. Turning the economy from the fastest growing in Asia into a recession.
-National Heroes-
Dr. Jose Rizal - The National Hero.
Andres Bonifacio - The Great Plebian and Father of the Katipunan.
General Gregorio del Pilar - Hero of the Battle of Tirad Pass.
General Emilio Aguinaldo - President of the First Philippine Republic.
Apolinario Mabini - Sublime Paralytic and Brains of the Revolution.
GOMBURZA - Martyred Priests of 1872.
Trece Martirez - 13 Martyrs from Cavite.
Emilio Jacinto - Brains of the Katipunan.
General Antonio Luna - Cofounder of La Independencia .
Melchora Aquino (Tandang Sora) - Mother of Balintawak.
Graciano Lopez-Jaena - Greatest Filipino Orator of the Propaganda Movement.
Panday Pira - First Filipino Cannon-maker.
Mariano Ponce - Propagandist, Historian, Diplomat And Managing Editor of La Solidaridad.
Gregoria de Jesus - Lakambini of Katipunan and Wife of Andres Bonifacio.
Fernando Ma. Guerrero - Poet of the Revolution.
Felipe Agoncillo - Outstanding Diplomat of the First Philippine Republic.
Rafael Palma - Cofounder of La Independencia and First UP president .
Juan Luna - Greatest Filipino Painter.
Marcelo H. Del Pilar - Greatest Journalist and Moving Spirit of the Propaganda Movement.
Leona Florentino - First Filipino Poetess(from Ilocos Sur).
Pedro Paterno - Peacemaker of the Revolution.
Isabelo delos Reyes - Founder of Philippine Socialism.
Artemio Ricarte - Revolutionary General, known as Viborra.
Jose Palma - Wrote the Spanish Lyrics of the Philippine National Anthem.
Lakandola - Chief of Tondo, Friendly to the Spaniards.
Rajah Soliman - The Last Rajah of Manila.
Leonor Rivera - Cousin and Fiancee of Jose Rizal.
Marcela Agoncillo - Maker of the First Filipino Flag.
Galicano Apacible - One of the Founders of Katipunan.
Jose Ma. Panganiban - Bicolandia's Greatest Contribution to the Historic Campaign for Reforms.
Diego Silang - Leader of the Ilocano Revolt.
Maria Josefa Gabriela Silang - Continued the Fight After her Husband's Death.
Lapu-Lapu - Chieftain of Mactan Who Killed Magellan. First Filipino Hero.
Francisco Dagohoy - Leader of the Longest Revolt in Bohol.
Epifanio delos Santos - A Man of Many Talents; the Former Highway 54 is Now Named After him (EDSA).
Francisco Baltazar - Prince of Tagalog Poets.
Teresa Magbanua - First Woman Fighter in Panay. Visayan Joan of Arc.
Trinidad Tecson - Mother of Biak-na-Bato.
Agueda Esteban - Wife of Artemio Ricarte Who Carried Secret Messages About Spanish Troops.
Marina Dizon - Daughter of One of the Trece Martirez.
General Francisco Makabulos - Leader of the Revolt in Tarlac.
Julian Felipe - Composer of the Philippine National Anthem.