Soal latihan pada topik : Electric potential and capacitor
Thread 3-2: verifikasi jawabab setiap soal PG berikut (10 soal)
1. Two particle with charges Q and Q are fixed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle with
sides of length a. If k = 1/40, the work required to move a particle with a charge q from the
other vertex to the center of the line joining the fixed charges is:
A) 0
B) kQq/a
C) kQq/a2
D) 2kQq/a
E)
Ans: D
Difficulty: M
2. Equipotential surfaces associated with an electric dipole are:
A) spheres centered on the dipole
B) cylinders with axes along the dipole moment
C) planes perpendicular to the dipole moment
D) planes parallel to the dipole moment
E) none of the above
Ans: E
Difficulty: E
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Some of the points to be remembered regarding the equipotential surface are as follows:
• Potential energy U = constant for point charge q on Equipotential surface.
• The surface of a conductor at equilibrium is at the equipotential surface.
• Electric field vectors (tangents to field lines) are perpendicular to an equipotential surface.
• Electrostatic force does zero work on point Charge q moving on the equipotential surface.
• The electric field exerts a force on a positive (negative) point charge q in the direction of
steepest Potential drop (rise).
• When a positive (negative) point charge q moves from a region of high potential to a region of
low potential, the Electric field does positive (negative) work on it. In the process, the potential
energy decreases (increases).
3. The diagram shows four pairs of large parallel conducting plates. The value of the electric
potential is given for each plate. Rank the pairs according to the magnitude of the electric field
between the plates, least to greatest.
A) 1, 2, 3, 4
B) 4, 3, 2, 1
C) 2, 3, 1, 4
D) 2, 4, 1, 3
E) 3, 2, 4, 1
Ans: D
Difficulty: E
V1 = 70 – (-20) = 90 V
V2 = 70 – 20 = 50V
V3 = 90 – (-10) = 100V
V4 = 90 – 30 = 60V
V=Ed
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So, the rank from least to greatest: 2, 4, 1, 3
4. The potential difference between its ends of a 2-meter stick that is parallel to a uniform
electric field is 400 V. The magnitude of the electric field is:
A) zero
B) 100 V/m
C) 200 V/m
D) 400 V/m
E) 800 V/m
Ans: E
Difficulty: E
V=Exd
E = V/d
= 400 / 2 = 200 V/m
5. In a certain region of space the electric potential increases uniformly from east and west and
does not vary in any other direction. The electric field:
A) points east and varies with position
B) points east and does not vary with position
C) points west and varies with position
D) points west and does not vary with position
E) points north and does not vary with position
Ans: B
Difficulty: E
The relation between electric field and potential difference is as follows
E = - dV / dr
That means if dV is positive , E is negative . In other words , if potential increases , E is negative
or in opposite direction in which potential increases .
Here the electric potential increases uniformly from east to west , that means electric field is
from west to east . Since potential is uniformly increasing that means
dV / dr = constant
E = constant
Electric field is constant .
So the option which is correct is points east and does not vary with position
6. Choose the correct statement:
A) A proton tends to go from a region of low potential to a region of high potential
B) The potential of a negatively charged conductor must be negative
C) If at a point P then V must be zero at P
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D) If V = 0 at a point P then must be zero at P
E) None of the above are correct
Ans: E
Difficulty: E
7. A particle with a charge of 5.5 10–6 C is 3.5 cm from a particle with a charge of –2.3 10–8
C. The potential energy of this two-particle system, relative to the potential energy at infinite
separation, is:
A) 3.2 10–4 J
B) –3.2 10–4 J
C) 9.3 10–3 J
D) –9.3 10–3 J
E) zero
Ans: B
Difficulty: M
The potential energy of this system of charges is;
Ue = kq1q2/r
Where;
k is the Coulumb's constant
q1 and q2 are the magnitudes of the charges
r is the distance of separation between the charges
Substituting values;
Ue = 9.0×10^9 N⋅m2/C2 * 5.5 x 10^-6 C *( -2.3 x10^-8) C/(3.5 * 10^-2)
Ue= -3.25 * 10^-4 J
8. A particle with a charge of 5.5 10–8C is fixed at the origin. A particle with a charge of –2.3
10–8C is moved from x = 3.5 cm on the x axis to y = 4.3 cm on the y axis. The change in
potential energy of the two-particle system is:
A) 3.1 10–3 J
B) –3.1 10–3 J
C) 6.0 10–5 J
D) –6.0 10–5 J
E) 0
Ans: C
Difficulty: M
9. A particle with a charge of 5.5 10–8C charge is fixed at the origin. A particle with a charge
of–2.3 10–8C charge is moved from x = 3.5 cm on the x axis to y = 3.5 cm on the y axis. The
change in the potential energy of the two-charge system is:
A) 3.2 10–4 J
B) –3.2 10–4 J
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C) 9.3 10–3 J
D) –9.3 10–3 J
E) 0
Ans: E
Difficulty: M
10. Three particles lie on the x axis: particle 1, with a charge of 1 10–8 C is at x = 1 cm, particle
2, with a charge of 2 10–8 Cis at x = 2 cm, and particle 3, with a charge of 3 10–8 C, is at x =
3 cm. The potential energy of this arrangement, relative to the potential energy for infinite
separation, is:
A) +4.9 10–4 J
B) 4.9 10–4 J
C) +8.5 10–4 J
D) 8.5 10–4 J
E) zero
Ans: B
Difficulty: M
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