SUBMITTED BY: BRYLL JEROME F.

TALENS
SUBMITTED TO: AR. FRANCES JOY S. FRANCISCO

DESIGN ACTIVITY: MIDTERM ESQUISSE 1

DESIGN OF
NEXT

RELIGIOUS
PROJECTS
ARC221-18 - Architectural Design 4 Space Planning 1
 1
TABLE OF
What Architectural Style will you use to design Religious

Projects in the Philippines? What are the factors you will

consider in choosing it?

CONTENTS 2 Research on 2 local and 2 foreign architects that

specialize in Liturgical or Religious Architecture.

Design Activity

DESIGN OF RELIGIOUS

PROJECTS

3
PREVIOUS NEXT

Cite 1 of the examples of structures designed by each of

the chosen architects.

Describe the concept, space lay-out/ programming,

building configuration, materials used and considered for

their designs. What were their design inspirations?

4 Use sketches to portray your output in this exercise.

Provide annotations. Use as many A4 sheets as you may

need
What Architectural Style will
you use to design Religious
Projects in the Philippines?
What are the factors you will
consider in choosing it?
Gothic Revival architecture or Neo-Gothic style

Geography, Climate, and

Commercial Stair Design
The geography of a place is an essential factor in architecture. It’s where architects can

base their design elements. Some of the things that should be thought of when it comes

to geography are the topography or the location of the place they wish to construct a

building on.

Religion, Technology, and

Culture
Some clients don’t have special requirements pertaining to religion. However, some have

and would ask architects to cater to those requirements. Aside from that, there are

locations where religion is a big deal to the community that constructing a building that

may seem offensive is a no-no

Functional, Safe, and

Economical
JOSÉ MARÍA CARLOS A. SANTOS-
ZARAGOZA VIOLA

ALEJANDRO LEE EUNSEOK

BEAUTELL

José María
Zaragoza
Filipino architect
November 26, 1994 (aged 81)
Manila, Philippines

Zaragoza took up BS Architecture at the

University of Santo Tomas where he graduated

in 1936. He placed 7th in the licensure exams in

the 1938.

He also had a diploma in liturgical art and

architecture from the Rome-based

International Institute of Liturgical Art. At the

Hilversun Technical Research Center in the

Netherlands, he obtained a diploma in

comprehensive planning
Dedicated to Mary, mother of Jesus under her title Our Lady of the

Most Holy Rosary, the new Santo Domingo church was built in the

Art Deco combined with Spanish Modern style, which was unlike
the Baroque churches built during Spanish period.

Over the triple portals of the church is a high-relief frieze depicting

the story of La Naval de Manila. The church employed the latest

technique in reinforced-concrete building

Santo Domingo Church has a total floor area of 3,300 square

meters with a dimension of 85 meters in length, 40 meters in width

and 25 meters in height, making it the biggest church in Metro

Manila and one of the biggest churches in Asia.

The church façade has receding planes with leaves

designed in corbel arches. Over the triple portals of the

church is a high-relief frieze depicting the story of La

Naval de ManilaCurved windows of the church frame

masterful stained-glass designs by Galo Ocampo whose

bases show different ecclesiastical seals. The windows

depict the original 15 Mysteries of the Holy Rosary as well

as the Battles of Lepanto and La Naval de Manila Right

behind Sto. Domingo Church’s facade is an intricately

carved panels and stained glass windows lie a treasure

trove of the Philippines’ rich cultural heritage and the

object of centuries-old devotion

Measuring 85 by 40 metres (279 ft × 131 ft) with a height of 25 metres (82

ft), there is a total floor area of 3,300 square metres (36,000 sq ft). It is the

biggest church in Metro Manila and one of the biggest churches in Asia

The church measured 70 by 31 by 22 metres (230 ft × 102 ft × 72 ft) at the

central aisles, and 16.6 metres (54 ft) high at the lateral aisles. Its towers

rose to 23.3 metres (76 ft). Although Fr. Sixto and Fr. Ristoro would

supervise construction of the church, the Dominicans contracted the

services of the European-trained architect Félix Roxas.

Using Philippine building materials. The immense columns

resembling spreading tree branches, were of acle, molave and

ipil. The vault was of zinc or galvanized iron. The stained
glass windows were ordered from Europe. The cupola above
had many colored glass windows. Inside, was a balcony

surrounded by iron railing

One of the eight original churches that gave Intramuros

the monicker of “the Little Vatican.”reminiscent of

mission-style architecture, with a fusion of Romanesque

articulation and Gothic verticality.

Carlos A.
Santos-Viola
Filipino architect
July 31, 1994 (aged 82)
Quezon City, Philippines

Carlos Antonio Santos-Viola FPIA (born Carlos

Santos-Viola y Antonio; April 8, 1912 – July 31,

1994) was an architect in the Philippines. He is

best known for designing and building churches

for the Iglesia ni Cristo (INC) religious group.

Carlos was born in San Miguel, Bulacan and

one of six children to Melecio de Guzman

Santos and Miguela Magpitang Antonio.

The Iglesia ni Cristo Central Temple (Filipino: Templo Central[3])

is a main temple of the Philippine-based Christian religion, the

Iglesia ni Cristo. Located along Commonwealth Avenue in

Quezon City, it was completed on July 27, 1984, and is the

biggest church/place of worship in the whole country for all

religions as per the dimensions are concerned with a capacity of

around 7,000 people.

The Central Temple is characterized by simple elegant lines and

towering spires pointing toward the heavens and seemingly

reaching for the heavens. The Central Temple unique design is

inspired by Neo-Gothic architecture, this mega structure continues

to leave one awestruck by its imposing brilliance and un-ignorable

majesty.

characterized by simple elegant lines and towering spires pointing

toward the heavens and seemingly reaching for the heavens. The

Central Temple unique design is inspired by Neo-Gothic

architecture, this mega structure continues to leave one awestruck

by its imposing brilliance and un-ignorable majesty.

The temple has five huge and ten small towering vertical

spires with a sense of great height. It features huge size

cantilever over the main entrance and detailed curving

and asymmetrical windows above. The temple is built

with one huge arch vault and two smaller arc vault which

can be transformed into two separate worship areas by

a moving partition. The Central Temple today remains as

beautiful and magnificent as ever, well-preserved

through the years.

Measuring 85 by 40 metres (279 ft × 131 ft) with a height of 25 metres (82

ft), there is a total floor area of 3,300 square metres (36,000 sq ft). It is the

biggest church in Metro Manila and one of the biggest churches in Asia

There are multiple entrances leading to the main sanctuary, where males

and females sit on either side of the aisle facing a dais where sermons are

made. The choir loft is located behind the dais, and in larger churches,

baptistry pools for immersion baptism are located at the back of the

church.

Concrete

Mixed Steel Reinforced

ConcreteBrick, Stone, Paint,

Acoustic Panel
The design inspiration of Iglesia ni Cristo church buildings

(chapels) serve as places of worship and other religious

functions, are “vehicles for glorifying God.

 Alejandro
Beautell
Spanisj architect
Barcelona 1978.
Graduated as an architect at Las Palmas de

Gran Canaria Superior Technical School of

Architecture in 2005, specializing both in

Building and Urban Planning. He completed his

training at the college of Architecture, Building

and Planning at the Eindhoven University of

Technology, Holland.

AWARDS:

FAITH & FORM 2017”. FAITH & FORM/AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS, NEW YORK, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
“

SPECIAL MENTION AT 2016 INTERNATIONAL SACRED ARCHITECTURE AWARD “FRATE SOLE”. FRATE SOLE FOUNDATION,

HOLLY SEE, ITALIAN REPUBLIC, PAVIA, ITALY.

WINNER AT THE COMPETITION FOR DRAFTING THE MASTER PLAN FOR RENOVATING THE SANCTUARY OF CRISTO DE LA

LAGUNA. HISTORIC HERITAGE, CABILDO INSULAR DE TENERIFE.

Santo Domingo Church, formally known as the National

Shrine of Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary (Spanish:

Santuario Nacional de Nuestra Señora del Santísimo

Rosario; Filipino: Pambansang Dambana ng Mahal na

Birhen ng Santo Rosaryo) is the largest church in Metro

Manila and one of the biggest churches in Asia.

This figurative image seems to have defined the texture of the new

Alcalá church, designed by the architect Alejandro Beautell, a

space widely demanded by the community since the previous

construction was demolished in 2011.

the extended palms touching with the tips of the fingers and then

crossing, as happens to the two large crossed covers of the main

volume.

Starting from these premises, the new temple

is formalized in two different naves, "the old

one" and "the new one". A single interior

space, becomes into two different volumes

from the outside. One of them recovers the

shape and position of the old hermitage in a

reinterpretation of the traditional architecture

of the islands as an attempt to recover its

memory and attenuate the feeling of loss that

its demolition caused. The walls are new, but

the air they enclose is the same and

condenses all the moments lived in that place.

The image of the Virgin returns to its pristine

position, occupying the same place as in

yesteryear, at the head of the ancient body,

this time protected in a cave that recalls its

appearance to the Guanches (aborigines of

the Canary Islands).

The building has a total constructed area of ​1,100 m2 spread over two

levels. The semi-basement floor includes the servant spaces: parish rooms

for multiple uses, garage, warehouse, facilities rooms, and toilets. Above

the rooms, with access from the square, are the Church and the sacristy.

The building has a total constructed area of ​1,100 m2 spread

over two levels. The semi-basement floor includes the servant

spaces: parish rooms for multiple uses, garage, warehouse,

facilities rooms, and toilets. Above the rooms, with access from

the square, are the Church and the sacristy.

The design inspiration of this structure is the architecture

of the sacred . The new Church of Alcalá, under the

invocation of the Virgin of Candelaria, tells us about the

tradition, about the recovery of the memory of that old

construction that stood alone on the badlands of lava

that underlies, even today, under the asphalt.

and, to the date, the image of the Virgin, a symbol of

great devotion and tradition among the locals, was in a

place that the City Council gave for worship.

Lee
Eunseok
Korean architect
Seoinn Design Group

Lee Eunseok graduated from the architecture

department of Hongik University and the

Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, acquiring

a doctorate degree in the arts. He studied

under Henri Ciriani at the Ecole d'Architecture

Paris-Belleville, and acquired the DPLG. He has

served as a Professor at the department of

architecture at Kyunghee University from 1997 to

present, and as the head of the Architecture

Design Institute of Korea from 2016 to 2018.

1. the historicity as the mother church of Korean protestant churches

2.the symbolism of doors open to heaven

3. the spatiality of expressing Christ as light, and

4. presenting a water space as a meaning of baptism and harmony

Loving God was mainly portrayed through the use and symbolism

of the space, and the aspects of Loving Neighbors were expressed

with the publicness through the external appearance and layout

effect of the building that are revealed in the city center.

Seoinn Design Group and Eunseok Lee have designed a place of

worship with a stone tower featuring a cross hanging over an

observatory as a contemporary spire for the Saemoonan Church in

South Korea.

The yard of Saemunan-ro created by the hollow front

and bent arch gate, which are church architecture

typologies that cannot be found anywhere else in the

world, is intended to become a practical resting place of

citizens by opening the church to neighbors rather than

pursuing a reverent worship space with a closed nature

like a monastery. The fact that continuous

communication was plotted through the lobby towards

the Sejong Center for the Performing Arts also illustrates

the openness of the church. Here, the small chapel as

well, which will bring back the history by downscaling the

existing brick church, will be used as an active open

cultural space.
With the of Gross floor area31,909.6㎡ ㎡
, Site area of 4,219.2 and building

area of 2,459 m2

With the gigantic new construction project of the sixth church building new

challenges were sought and an architectural masterpiece realized: 19

floors, 68m building height, 80m church tower and a capacity of 2,200

persons in the Great Chapel. The entire sound system was installed almost

invisibly in the walls behind acoustic fleece. Due to the complex geometry

of the room with galleries, the entire church space is designed using

Harmonic Design beamforming technology.

creating a solemn atmosphere in the form of a traditional long corridor, a

fan-shaped chapel plane is suggestive of a new era of worship that

encourages the dynamic participation of believers.

rather than mass-producing church architecture in an assumed symbolic and

visualised one-dimensional form, as a means of universal enlightenment, a

sense of the potential for public and spatial programmes that will support

the lives of local people must exist within the church.

rather than focusing on showing the authority of the

church, the love and mercy of God were metaphorically

expressed with the curve of the soft front. Furthermore,

instead of creating a solemn spatial atmosphere with the

common long corridor form, a new periodic worship

space was proposed with a fan-shaped chapel plane

that encourages the dynamic participation between

believers.
 References
Nuestra Señora de Candelaria in Alcalá Church/ Alejandro Beautell

"Nuestra Señora De Candelaria In Alcalá Church/ Alejandro Beautell". Archdaily, 2021, https://www.archdaily.com/973964/nuestra-

senora-de-candelaria-in-alcala-church-alejandro-beautell?ad_medium=widget&ad_name=navigation-prev. Accessed 12 Mar 2022.

GALLERY OF SAEMOONAN CHURCH / SEOINN DESIGN GROUP + LEE EUNSEOK - 4

"GALLERY OF SAEMOONAN CHURCH / SEOINN DESIGN GROUP + LEE EUNSEOK - 4". ARCHDAILY, 2022,

HTTPS://WWW.ARCHDAILY.COM/923823/SAEMOONAN-CHURCH-SEOINN-DESIGN-GROUP-PLUS-LEE-EUNSEOK/5D65B6C7284DD1A07E0002DC-

SAEMOONAN-CHURCH-SEOINN-DESIGN-GROUP-PLUS-LEE-EUNSEOK-PHOTO. ACCESSED 12 MAR 2022.

HTTPS://WWW.METALOCUS.ES/EN/AUTHOR/KOMA

ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECTURE (2013). AVAILABLE AT: HTTPS://EUSEBIOARNIL.WORDPRESS.COM/ARCHITECTURE/ (ACCESSED: 12 MARCH 2022).

JOSÉ MARÍA ZARAGOZA - WIKIPEDIA

JOSÉ MARÍA ZARAGOZA - WIKIPEDIA. (2022). RETRIEVED 12 MARCH 2022, FROM HTTPS://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/JOS%C3%A9_M
 END

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