Bibliography

Note for the fifth edition

The bibliography for the fifth edition has been updated not only to cover
the titles upon which our research was based but also to include related
works for the purposes of further reading and research.

Abbreviations
AA Architectural Association, London
AAJ Architectural Association Journal
AAQ Architectural Association Quarterly
AB Art Bulletin
AD Architectural Design
AIAJ American Institute of Architects Journal
AMC Architecture, mouvement et continuité
AR Architectural Review
A+U Architecture and Urbanism
JAE Journal of Architectural Education
Journal of the Society of Architectural
JSAH
Historians
JW& Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld
CI Institutes
RIBA
RIBA Journal
J

General
L. Benevolo, Origins of Modern Town Planning (1967)

— History of Modern Architecture (1971)

F.D.K. Ching, M. Jarzombek and V. Prakash A Global History of

Architecture (2017)

F. Dal Co and M. Tafuri, Architettura contemporanea (1976)

K. Frampton and A. Simone, A Genealogy of Modern Architecture:

Comparative Critical Analysis of Built Form (2016)

S. Giedion, Space, Time and Architecture (1941)

— Mechanization Takes Command (1948)

 H.-R. Hitchcock, Architecture: Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
(1958)

H.F. Mallgrave, Modern Architectural Theory: A Historical Survey,

1673–1968 (2009)

M. Tafuri, Architecture and Utopia: Design and Capitalist Development

(1976)

— Theories and History of Architecture (1980)

— The Sphere and the Labyrinth: Avant-Gardes and Architecture from

Piranesi to the 1970s (1987)

— and F. Dal Co, Modern Architecture (1979)

Part I: Cultural Developments and Predisposing Techniques

1750–1939
Chapter 1
Cultural Transformations: Neo-Classical Architecture 1750–
1900
R. Banham, Theory and Design in the First Machine Age (1960), esp.
chs 1–3

L. Benevolo, History of Modern Architecture, I (1971), esp. preface and

ch. 1

R. Bentmann and M. Muller, ‘The Villa as Domination’, 9H, no. 5,

1983, 104–14, and no. 7, 1985, 83–104

B. Bergdoll, European Architecture, 1750–1890 (2000)

D. Brownlee, Friedrich Weinbrenner, Architect of Karlsruhe (1986)

T. Buddensieg, ‘“To build as one will … ” Schinkel’s Notions on the

Freedom of Building’, Daidalos, 7, 1983, 93–102

A. Choisy, Histoire de l’architecture (1899)

L. Dehio, Friedrich Wilhelm IV von Preussen: Ein Baukünstler der

Romantik (1961)

P. de la Ruffinière du Prey, John Soane (1982)

B. de Montgolfier, ed., Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart (1986)

M. Dennis, Court and Garden: From French Hôtel to the City of

Modern Architecture (1986)

A. Dickens, ‘The Architect and the Workhouse’, AR, December 1976,

345–52

A. Drexler, ed., The Architecture of the Ecole des Beaux-Arts (1977)

[with essays by R. Chafee, N. Levine and D. van Zanten]

P. Duboy, Lequeu: Architectural Enigma (1986) [definitive study with

foreword by Robin Middleton]

R.A. Etlin, The Architecture of Death (1984)

R. Evans, ‘Bentham’s Panopticon: An Incident in the Social History of

Architecture’, AAQ, III, no. 2, April–July 1971, 21–37

— ‘Regulation and Production’, Lotus, 12, September 1976, 6–14

B. Fortier, ‘Logiques de l’équipement’, AMC, 45, May 1978, 80–85

K.W. Forster, ‘Monument/Memory and the Mortality of Architecture’,

Oppositions, Fall 1982, 2–19

M. Gallet, Charles de Wailly 1730–1798 (1979)

F. Gilly, Friedrich Gilly: Essays on Architecture, 1796–1799 (1994)

E. Gilmore-Holt, From the Classicists to the Impressionists (1966)

J. Guadet, Eléments et théorie de l’architecture (1902)

A. Hernandez, ‘J.N.L. Durand’s Architectural Theory’, Perspecta, 12,

1969

W. Herrmann, Laugier and Eighteenth-Century French Theory (1962)

Q. Hughes, ‘Neo-Classical Ideas and Practice: St George’s Hall,

Liverpool’, AAQ, V, no. 2, 1973, 37–44

E. Kaufmann, Three Revolutionary Architects, Boullée, Ledoux and

Lequeu (1953)

— Architecture in the Age of Reason (1968)

M. Lammert, David Gilly: Ein Baumeister der deutschen Klassizismus
(1981)

K. Lankheit, Der Tempel der Vernunft (1968)

N. Leib and F. Hufnagl, Leo von Klenze, Gemälde und Zeichnungen

(1979)

D.M. Lowe, History of Bourgeois Perception (1982)

T.J. McCormick, Charles Louis Clérisseau and the Genesis of

Neoclassicism (1990)

H.F. Mallgrave, Gottfried Semper: Architect of the 19th Century (1996)

G. Mezzanotte, ‘Edilizia e politica. Appunti sull’edilizia dell’ultimo

neoclassicismo’, Casabella, 338, July 1968, 42–53

R. Middleton, ‘The Abbé de Cordemoy: The Graeco-Gothic Ideal’,

JW&CI, 1962, 1963

— ‘Architects as Engineers: The Iron Reinforcement of Entablatures in

18th-century France’, AA Files, no. 9, Summer 1985, 54–64

— ed., The Beaux-Arts and Nineteenth Century French Architecture

(1984)

— and D. Watkin, Neoclassical and Nineteenth Century Architecture, 2

vols (1987)

W. Oechslin, ‘Monotonie von Blondel bis Durand’, Werk-Archithese,

January 1977, 29–33

A. Oncken, Friedrich Gilly 1772–1800 (repr. 1981)

A. Pérez-Gómez, Architecture and the Crisis of Science (1983)

J.M. Pérouse de Montclos, Etienne-Louis Boullée 1728–1799 (1969)

N. Pevsner, Academies of Art, Past and Present (1940) [unique study of

the evolution of architectural and design education]

— Studies in Art, Architecture and Design, I (1968)

A. Picon, French Architects and Engineers in the Age of Enlightenment

(1992)
J. Posener, ‘Schinkel’s Eclecticism and the Architectural’, AD,
November–December 1983 (special issue on Berlin), 33–39

H.G. Pundt, Schinkel’s Berlin (1972)

G. Riemann, ed., Karl Friedrich Schinkel: Reisen nach Italien (1979)

— Karl Friedrich Schinkel: Reise nach England, Schottland und Paris

(1986)

A. Rietdorf, Gilly: Wiedergeburt der Architektur (1943)

R. Rosenblum, Transformations in Late Eighteenth Century Art (1967)

A. Rowan, ‘Japelli and Cicogarno’, AR, March 1968, 225–28 [on 19th-
century Neo-Classical architecture in Padua, etc.]

J. Rykwert, The First Moderns (1983)

P. Saddy, ‘Henri Labrouste: architecte-constructeur’, Les Monuments

Historiques de la France, no. 6, 1975, 10–17

G. Semper, H.F. Mallgrave and W. Hermann, The Four Elements of

Architecture and Other Writings (1989)

J. Starobinski, The Invention of Liberty (1964)

— The Emblems of Reason (1990)

D. Stroud, The Architecture of Sir John Soane (1961)

— George Dance, Architect 1741–1825 (1971)

W. Szambien, J.N.L. Durand (1984)

M. Tafuri, Architecture and Utopia: Design and Capitalist Development

(1976)

J. Taylor, ‘Charles Fowler: Master of Markets’, AR, March 1964, 176–

82

D. Ternois, et al., Soufflot et l’architecture des lumières (CNRS/ Paris

1980) [proceedings of a conference on Soufflot held at the
University of Lyons in June 1980]
 G. Teyssot, Città e utopia nell’illuminismo inglese: George Dance il
giovane (1974)

— ‘John Soane and the Birth of Style’, Oppositions, 14, 1978, 61–83

A. Valdenaire, Friedrich Weinbrenner (1919)

A. Vidler, ‘The Idea of Type: The Transformation of the Academic Ideal

1750–1830’, Oppositions, 8, Spring 1977 [the same issue contains
Quatremère de Quincy’s extremely important article on type that
appeared in the Encyclopédie Méthodique, III, pt 2, 1825]

— The Writing of the Walls: Architectural Theory in the Late

Enlightenment (1987)

— Claude Nicolas Ledoux (1990)

S. Villari, J.N.L. Durand (1760–1834) Art and Science of Architecture

(1990)

D. Watkin, Thomas Hope and the Neo-classical Idea (1968)

— C.R. Cockerell (1984)

— and T. Mellinghoff, German Architecture and the Classical Ideal

(1987)

Chapter 2
Territorial Transformations: Urban Developments 1800–
1909
H. Ballon, The Paris of Henri IV (1991)

H.P. Bartschi, Industrialisierung Eisenbahnschlacten und Städtebau

(ETH/GTA 25, Stuttgart, 1983)

L. Benevolo, The Origins of Modern Town Planning (1967)

— History of Modern Architecture, I (1971), chs 2–5

— The History of the City (1980) [encyclopaedic treatment of the

history of Western urbanism]

F. Borsi and E. Godoli, Vienna 1900 (1986)

— Paris 1900 (1989)

C. Boyer, Dreaming of the Rational City: the Myth of American City
Planning (1983)

A. Brauman, Le Familistère de Guise ou les équivalents de la richesse

(1976) [Eng. text]

S. Buder, Pullman: An Experiment in Industrial Order and Community

Planning 1880–1930 (1967)

D. Burnham and E.H. Bennett, Plan of Chicago (1909)

Z. Celik, Remaking of Istanbul: Portrait of an Ottoman City in the 19th

Century (1986)

I. Cerdá, ‘A Parliamentary Speech’, AAO, IX, no. 7, 1977, 23–26

F. Choay, L’Urbanisme, utopies et réalités (1965)

— The Modern City: Planning in the 19th Century, trans. M. Hugo and
G.R. Collins (1969) [essential introductory text]

G. Ciucci, F. Dal Co, M. Manieri-Elia and M. Tafuri, The American

City from the Civil War to the New Deal (1980)

C.C. and G.R. Collins, Camillo Sitte and the Birth of Modern City
Planning (1965)

G. Collins, ‘Linear Planning throughout the World’, JSAH, XVIII,

October 1959, 74–93

M.H. Contal, ‘Vittel 1854–1936. Création d’une ville thermale’, Vittel

1854–1936 (1982)

W.L. Creese, The Legacy of Raymond Unwin (1967)

W. Cronon, Nature’s Metropolis: Chicago and the Great West (1991)

G. Darley, Villages of Vision (1976)

M. de Solà-Morales, ‘Towards a Definition: Analysis of Urban Growth

in the Nineteenth Century’, Lotus, 19, June 1978, 28–36

J. Fabos, G.T. Milde and V.M. Weinmayr, Frederick Law Olmsted, Sr.
(1968)
R.M. Fogelson, The Fragmented Metropolis: Los Angeles 1850–1930
(1967)

A. Fried and P. Sanders, Socialist Thought (1964) [useful for trans. of

French utopian socialist texts, Fourier, Saint-Simon, etc.]

J.F. Geist and K. Kurvens, Das Berliner Miethaus 1740–1862 (1982)

A. Grumbach, ‘The Promenades of Paris’, Oppositions, 8, Spring 1977

L. Hilberseimer, R. Anderson and P.V. Aureli, Metropolisarchitecture

and Selected Essays (2012)

A.J. Jeffery, ‘A Future for New Lanark’, AR, January 1975, 19–28

S. Kern, The Culture of Time and Space, 1880–1918 (1983)

J.H. Kunstler, The Rise and Decline of America’s Man-made Landscape

(1993)

D. Leatherbarrow, ‘Friedrichstadt – A Symbol of Toleration’, AD,

November–December 1983, 23–31

A. López de Aberasturi, lldefonso Cerdá: la théorie générale de

l’urbanisation (1979)

F. Loyer, Paris XIXe. siècle (1981)

— Architecture of the Industrial Age (1982)

H. Meyer and R. Wade, Chicago: Growth of a Metropolis (1969)

B. Miller, ‘Ildefonso Cerdá’, AAQ, IX, no. 7, 1977, 12–22

N. Pevsner, ‘Early Working Class Housing’, repr. in Studies in Art,

Architecture and Design, II (1968)

G. Pirrone, Palermo, una capitale (1989)

F. Rella, ll Dispositivo Foucault (1977) [with essays by M. Cacciari, M.

Tafuri and G. Teyssot]

J.P. Reynolds, ‘Thomas Coglan Horsfall and the Town Planning

Movement in England’, Town Planning Review, XXIII, April 1952,
52–60
 W. Schivelbush, The Railway Journey: The Industrialization of Time
and Space in the 19th Century (1977)

A. Service, London 1900 (1979)

C. Sitte, City Planning According to Artistic Principles (1965) [trans. of

Sitte’s text of 1889]

— G.R. Collins and C.C. Collins, Camillo Sitte: The Birth of Modern
City Planning: with a Translation of the 1889 Austrian Edition of
his City Planning According to Artistic Principles (1986)

R. Stern, New York 1900 (1984)

A. Sutcliffe, Towards the Planned City: Germany, Britain, the United

States and France 1780–1914 (1981)

— Metropolis 1890–1940 (1984)

J.N. Tarn, ‘Some Pioneer Suburban Housing Estates’, AR, May 1968,
367–70

— Working-Class Housing in 19th-Century Britain (AA Paper no. 7,

1971)

G. Teyssot, ‘The Disease of the Domicile’, Assemblage 6, June 1988,

73–97

P. Wolf, ‘City Structuring and Social Sense in 19th and 20th Century
Urbanism’, Perspecta, 13/14, 1971, 220–33

Chapter 3
Technical Transformations: Structural Engineering 1775–
1939
T.C. Bannister, ‘The First Iron-Framed Buildings’, AR, CVII, April
1950

— ‘The Roussillon Vault: The Apotheosis of “Folk” Construction’,

JSAH, XXVII, no. 3, October 1968, 163–75

P. Beaver, The Crystal Palace 1851–1936 (1970)

W. Benjamin, ‘Paris: Capital of the 19th Century’, New Left Review, no.
48, March–April 1968, 77–88
— H. Arendt and H. Zohn, Illuminations (1968)

B. Bergdoll, C. Belier and M. Le Cæur, Henri Labrouste – Structure

Brought to Light (2013)

M. Bill, Robert Maillart: Bridges and Constructions (1969)

D. Billington, Robert Maillart’s Bridges (1979)

— Robert Maillart (1989)

G. Boaga, Riccardo Morandi (1984)

B. Bradford, ‘The Brick Palace of 1862’, AR, July 1962, 15–21

[documentation of the British successor to the Crystal Palace]

P. Chemetov, Architectures, Paris 1848–1914 (1972) [exh. cat. and

research carried out with M.-C. Gagneux, B. Paurd and E. Girard]

P. Collins, Concrete: The Vision of a New Architecture (1959)

C.W. Condit, American Building Art: The Nineteenth Century (1960)

A. Corboz, ‘Un pont de Robert Maillart à Leningrad?’, Archithese, 2,

1971, 42–44

E. de Maré, ‘Telford and the Gotha Canal’, AR, August 1956, 93–99

E. Diestelkamp, The Iron and Glass Architecture of Richard Turner

(PhD thesis, Univ. of London, 1982)

A. Forty, Concrete and Culture: A Material History (2012)

E. Fratelli, Architektur und Konfort (1967)

E. Freyssinet, L’Architecture Vivante, Spring/Summer 1931 [survey of

Freyssinet’s work up to that date, ed. by J. Badovici]

R. Gargiani, L’architrave, le plancher, la plate-forme – Nouvelle

histoire de la construction (2012)

M. Gayle and E.V. Gillon, Cast-Iron Architecture in New York (1974)

J.F. Geist, Arcades: The History of a Building Type (1983)

S. Giedion, Space, Time and Architecture (3rd edn, 1954)

— Building in France, Building in Iron, Building in Ferroconcrete
(1995)

J. Gloag and D. Bridgwater, History of Cast Iron Architecture (1948)

— Mr Loudon’s England (1970)

R. Graefe, M. Gappoer and O. Pertshchi, V.G. Suchov 1953–1939:

Kunst der Konstruktion (1990)

A. Grumbach, ‘The Promenades of Paris’, Oppositions, 8, Spring 1977,

51–67

G. Günschel, Grosse Konstrukteure 1: Freyssinet, Maillart, Dischinger,

Finsterwalder (1966)

R. Günter, ‘Der Fabrikbau in Zwei Jahrhunderten’, Archithese, 3/4,

1971, 34–51

H.-R. Hitchcock, ‘Brunel and Paddington’, AR, CIX, 1951, 240–46

J. Hix, ‘Richard Turner: Glass Master’, AR, November 1972, 287–93

— The Glass House (1974)

D. Hoffmann, ‘Clear Span Rivalry: The World’s Fairs of 1889–1893’,

JSAH, XXIX, 1, March 1970, 48

H.J. Hopkins, A Span of Bridges (1970)

V. Hütsch, Der Münchner Glaspalast 1854–1931 (1980)

A.L. Huxtable, ‘Reinforced Concrete Construction. The Work of Ernest

L. Ransome’, Progressive Architecture, XXXVIII, September 1957,
139–42

R.A. Jewett, ‘Structural Antecedents of the I-beam 1800–1850’,

Technology and Culture, VIII, 1967, 346–62

G. Kohlmaier, Eisen Architektur, The Role of Iron in the Historic

Architecture in the Second Half of the 19th Century (1982)

— and B. von Sartory, Houses of Glass: A Nineteenth Century Building

Type (1986)
S. Koppelkamm, Glasshouses and Winter Gardens of the 19th Century
(1981)

F. Leonardt, Brücken/Bridges (1985) [bilingual survey of 20th-century

bridges by a distinguished engineer]

J.C. Loudon, Remarks on Hot Houses (1817)

F. Loyer, Architecture of the Industrial Age, 1789–1914 (1982)

H. Maier, Berlin Anhalter Bahnhof (1984)

C. Meeks, The Railroad Station (1956)

T.F. Peters, Time is Money: Die Entwicklung des Modernen Bauwesens

(1981)

L. Reynaud, Traité d’architecture. Deuxième partie. Composition des

edifices (1878)

J.M. Richards, The Functional Tradition (1958)

G. Roisecco, L’architettura del ferro: l’Inghilterra 1688–1914 (1972)

— R. Jodice and V. Vannelli, L’architettura del ferro: la Francia 1715–

1914 (1973)

T.C. Rolt, Isambard Kingdom Brunel (1957)

— Thomas Telford (1958)

C. Rowe, ‘Chicago Frame. Chicago’s Place in the Modern Movement’,

AR, 120, November 1956, 285–89

A. Saint, Architect and Engineer: A Study in Sibling Rivalry (2008)

H. Schaefer, Nineteenth Century Modern (1970)

A. Scharf, Art and Industry (1971)

E. Schild, Zwischen Glaspalast und Palais des Illusions: Form und

Konstruktion im 19. Jahrhunderts (1967)

P.M. Shand, ‘Architecture and Engineering’, ‘Iron and Steel’,

‘Concrete’, AR, November 1932 [pioneering articles, repr. in AAJ,
no. 827, January 1959, ed. B. Housden]
 A.W. Skempton, ‘Evolution of the Steel Frame Building’, Guild
Engineer, X, 1959, 37–51

— ‘The Boatstore at Sheerness (1858–60) and its Place in Structural

History’, Transactions of the Newcomen Society, XXXII, 1960, 57–
78

— and H.R. Johnson, ‘William Strutt’s Cotton Mills 1793–1812’,

Transactions of the Newcomen Society, XXX, 1955–57, 179–203

T. Turak, ‘The Ecole Centrale and Modern Architecture: The Education

of William Le Baron Jenney’, JSAH, XXIX, 1970, 40–47

K. Wachsmann, The Turning Point in Building (1961)

Part II: A Critical History 1836–1967

Chapter 1
News from Nowhere: England 1836–1924
C. Amery, M. Lutyens, et al., Lutyens (1981)

C.R. Ashbee, Where the Great City Stands: A Study in the New Civics
(1917) [a comprehensive ideological statement by a late Arts and
Crafts designer]

E. Aslin, The Aesthetic Movement (1969)

A. Bøe, From Gothic Revival To Functional Form (1957)

I. Bradley, William Morris and his World (1978)

J. Brandon-Jones, ‘The Work of Philip Webb and Norman Shaw’, AAJ,

LXXI, 1955, 9–21

— ‘C.F.A. Voysey’, AAJ, LXXII, 1957, 238–62

— et al., C.F.A. Voysey: Architect and Designer (1978)

K. Clark, Ruskin Today (1967) [certainly the most convenient

introduction to Ruskin’s writings]

J.M. Crook, William Burges and the High Victorian Dream (1981)

D.J. DeWitt, ‘Neo-Vernacular/Eine Moderne Tradition’, Archithese, 9,

1974, 15–20
S. Durant, The Decorative Designs of C.F.A. Voysey (1991)

T. Garnham, ‘William Lethaby and the Two Ways of Building’, AA

Files, no. 10, Autumn 1985, 27–43

M. Girouard, Sweetness and Light: The Queen Anne Movement 1860–

1900 (1977)

C. Grillet, ‘Edward Prior’, AR, November 1952, 303–08

N. Halbritter, ‘Norman Shaw’s London Houses’, AAQ, VII, no. 1, 1975,

3–19

L. Hollanby, The Red House by Philip Webb (1990)

E. Howard, Tomorrow: a Peaceful Path to Real Reform (1898)

C. Hussey, The Life of Sir Edwin Lutyens (1950, repr. 1989)

P. Inskip, Edwin Lutyens (1980)

A. Johnson, ‘C.F.A. Voysey’, AAQ, IX, no. 4, 1977, 26–35

W.R. Lethaby, Architecture, Mysticism and Myth (1892, repr. 1975)

— Form and Civilization (1922)

— Architecture, Nature and Magic (1935)

— Philip Webb and His Work (1935)

R. Macleod, Style and Society: Architectural Ideology in Britain 1835–

1914 (1971) [essential for this period]

William Morris, ‘The Revival of Architecture’, The Eclectic Magazine

of Foreign Literature, Science and Art, vol. 48, no. 2, August 1888

A.L. Morton, ed., Political Writings of William Morris (1973)

H. Muthesius, The English House (1979) [trans. of 1904 German text]

— and S. Anderson, Style-Architecture and Building-Art (1994)

G. Naylor, The Arts and Crafts Movement (1990)

 N. Pevsner, ‘Arthur H. Mackmurdo’ (AR 1938) and ‘C.F.A. Voysey
1858–1941’ (AR 1941), in Studies in Art, Architecture and Design, II
(1968, repr. 1982)

— Pioneers of Modern Design (1949 and later edns)

— ‘William Morris and Architecture’, RIBAJ, 3rd ser., LXIV, 1957

— Some Architectural Writers of the Nineteenth Century (1962) [esp.

for the repr. of Morris’s ‘The Revival of Architecture’]

— The Sources of Modern Architecture and Design (1968)

G. Ruben, William Richard Lethaby: His Life and Work 1857–1931

(1986)

A. Saint, Richard Norman Shaw (1978)

A. Service, Edwardian Architecture (1977)

— London 1900 (1979)

G. Stamp and M. Richardson, ‘Lutyens and Spain’, AA Files, no. 3,

January 1983, 51–59

P. Stanton, Pugin (1971)

M. Tasapor, ‘John Lockwood Kipling and the Arts and Crafts

Movement in India’, AA Files, no. 3, Spring 1983

R. Watkinson, William Morris as Designer (1967)

Chapter 2
Adler and Sullivan: the Auditorium and the High Rise 1886–
95
D. Adler, ‘Great Modern Edifices – The Chicago Auditorium’,
Architectural Record, vol. 1, no. 4, April–June 1892, 429

A. Bush-Brown, Louis Sullivan (1960)

D. Crook, ‘Louis Sullivan and the Golden Doorway’, JSAH, XXVI,

December 1967, 250

H. Dalziel Duncan, Culture and Democracy (1965)

W. de Wit, ed., Louis Sullivan: The Function of Ornament (1986)

D.D. Egbert and P.E. Sprague, ‘In Search of John Edelman, Architect
and Anarchist’, AIAJ, February 1966, 35–41

R. Geraniotis, ‘The University of Illinois and German Architecture

Education’, JAE, vol. 38, no. 34, Summer 1985, 15–21

C. Gregersen and J. Saltzstein, Dankmar Adler: His Theaters (1990)

H.-R. Hitchcock, The Architecture of H.H. Richardson (1936, rev. edn

1961)

D. Hoffmann, ‘The Setback Skyscraper of 1891: An Unknown Essay by

Louis Sullivan’, JSAH, XXIX, no. 2, May 1970, 181

G.C. Manson, ‘Sullivan and Wright, an Uneasy Union of Celts’, AR,

November 1955, 297–300

H. Morrison, Louis Sullivan, Prophet of Modern Architecture (1935,

repr. 1952)

J.K. Ochsner, H.H. Richardson, Complete Architectural Works (1982)

J.F. O’Gorman, The Architecture of Frank Furness (1973)

— Henry Hobson Richardson and his Office: Selected Drawings (1974)

J. Siry, Carson Pirie Scott: Louis Sullivan and the Chicago Department
Store (1988)

L. Sullivan, A System of Architectural Ornament According with a

Philosophy of Man’s Powers (1924)

— ‘Reflections on the Tokyo Disaster’, Architectural Record, February

1924 [a late text praising Wright’s Imperial Hotel]

— The Autobiography of an Idea (1926, 1956) [originally pub. as a

series in the AIAJ, 1922–23]

— Kindergarten Chats and Other Writings (1947)

— The Public Papers (1988)

D. Tselos, ‘The Chicago Fair and the Myth of the Lost Cause’, JSAH,
XXVI, no. 4, December 1967, 259
 R. Twombly, Louis Sullivan: Life and Work (1986)

— ed., Louis Sullivan: The Public Papers (1988)

L.S. Weingarten, Louis H. Sullivan: The Banks (1987)

F.L. Wright, Genius and the Mobocracy (1949)[Wright’s appreciation of

Sullivan’s ornamental genius]

Chapter 3
Frank Lloyd Wright and the Myth of the Prairie 1890–1916
H. Allen Brooks, The Prairie School (1972)

— ed., Writings on Wright (1983)

J. Connors, The Robie House of Frank Lloyd Wright (1984)

H. de Fries, Frank Lloyd Wright (1926)

A.M. Fern, ‘The Midway Gardens of Frank Lloyd Wright’, AR, August
1963, 113–16

K. Frampton and J. Cava, Studies in Tectonic Culture: The Poetics of

Construction in Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Architecture
(1995)

Y. Futagawa, ed., Frank Lloyd Wright (1986–87) [drawings from the

Taliesin Fellowship archive with text by Bruce Pfeiffer, publ. in 12
vols as follows: 1 (1887–1901), 2 (1902–06), 3 (1907–13), 4 (1914–
23), 5 (1924–36), 6 (1937–41), 7 (1942–50), 8 (1951–59), 9
(Preliminary Studies 1889–1916), 10 (Preliminary Studies 1917–32),
11 (Preliminary Studies 1933–59), 12 (Renderings 1887–1959)]

J. Griggs, ‘The Prairie Spirit in Sculpture’, The Prairie School Review,

II, no. 4, Winter 1965, 5–23

F. Gutheim, In the Cause of Architecture: Essays by Frank Lloyd

Wright for Architectural Record 1908–1952 (1975)

S.P. Handlin, The American Home: Architecture and Society 1815–

1915 (1979)

D.A. Hanks, The Decorative Designs of Frank Lloyd Wright (1979)

H.-R. Hitchcock, In the Nature of Materials 1887–1941. The Buildings
of Frank Lloyd Wright (1942)

— ‘Frank Lloyd Wright and the Academic Tradition’, JW&CI, no. 7,

1944, 51

D. Hoffmann, ‘Frank Lloyd Wright and Viollet-le-Duc’, JSAH, XXVIII,

no. 3, October 1969, 173

A. Izzo and C. Gubitosi, Frank Lloyd Wright Dessins 1887–1959 (1977)

C. James, The Imperial Hotel (1968) [a complete documentation of the

hotel prior to its demolition]

D.L. Johnson, On Frank Lloyd Wright’s Concrete Adobe, Irving Gill,

Rudolph Schindler and the American Southwest (2013)

E. Kaufmann, Nine Commentaries on Frank Lloyd Wright (1989)

— and B. Raeburn, Frank Lloyd Wright: Writings and Buildings (1960)

[an important collection of Wright’s writings, including his seminal
The Art and Craft of the Machine]

N. Kelly-Smith, Frank Lloyd Wright: A Study in Architectural Content

(1966)

R. Kosta, ‘Frank Lloyd Wright in Japan’, The Prairie School Review,

III, no. 3, Autumn 1966, 5–23

R. McCarter, ed., Frank Lloyd Wright: A Primer on Architectural

Principles (1991) [an anthology of interpretative essays]

G.C. Manson, ‘Wright in the Nursery: The Influence of Froebel

Education on the Work of Frank Lloyd Wright’, AR, June 1953,
349–51

— ‘Sullivan and Wright, an Uneasy Union of Celts’, AR, November

1955

— Frank Lloyd Wright to 1910: The First Golden Age (1958)

K. Nute, Frank Lloyd Wright and Japan (1993)

L.M. Peisch, The Chicago School of Architecture (1964)

B.B. Pfeiffer, ed., The Wright Letters, 3 vols (1984)

 J. Quinnan, Frank Lloyd Wright’s Larkin Building. Myth and Fact
(1987)

V. Scully, The Shingle Style (1955)

— Frank Lloyd Wright (1960)

D. Tselos, ‘Frank Lloyd Wright and World Architecture’, JSAH,

XXVIII, no. 1, March 1969, 58ff.

F.L. Wright, Ausgeführte Bauten und Entwürfe von Frank Lloyd Wright
(1910, reissued 1965)

— ‘In The Cause of Architecture. III. The Meaning of Materials. Stone’,

Architectural Record, vol. 63, no. 4, April 1928, 350

— An Autobiography (1932, reissued 1946)

— On Architecture, ed. F. Gutheim (1941) [selection of writings, 1894–

1940]

G. Wright, Moralism and the Modern Home: 1870–1913 (1980)

Chapter 4
Structural Rationalism and the Influence of Viollet-le-Duc:
Gaudí, Horta, Guimard and Berlage 1880–1910
J.F. Aillagon and G. Viollet-le-Duc, Le Voyage d’Italie d’Eugène
Viollet-le-Duc 1836–1837 (1980)

T.G. Beddall, ‘Gaudí and the Catalan Gothic’, JSAH, XXXIV, no. 1,
March 1975, 48

B. Bergdoll, E.E. Viollet-le-Duc: The Foundations of Architecture.

Selections from the Dictionnaire Raisonné (1990)

M. Bock, Anfänge einer Neuen Architektur: Berlages Beitrag zur

Architektonischen Kultur in der Niederlände im ausgehenden 19.
Jahrhundert (1983)

O. Bohigas, ‘Luis Domenech y Montaner 1850–1923’, AR, December

1967, 426–36

F. Borsi and E. Godoli, Paris 1900 (1978)

— and P. Portoghesi, Victor Horta (1977)

— and H. Weiser, Bruxelles Capitale de l’Art Nouveau (1971)

Y. Brunhammer and G. Naylor, Hector Guimard (1978)

E. Casanelles, Antonio Gaudí, A Reappraisal (1967)

J. Castex and P. Panerai, ‘L’Ecole d’Amsterdam: architecture urbaine et

urbanisme social-démocrate’, AMC, 40, September 1976, 39–54

G. Collins, Antonio Gaudí (1960)

M. Culot and L. Grenier, ‘Henri Sauvage, 1873–1932’, AAQ, X, no. 2,

1972, 16–27

— et al., Henri Sauvage 1893–1932 (1976)[collected works with essays

by L. Grenier, F. Loyer and L. Miotto-Muret]

R. Dalisi, Gaudí Furniture (1979)

R. Delevoy, Victor Horta (1958)

— et al., Henri Sauvage 1873–1932 (1977)

R. Descharnes and C. Prévost, Gaudí, The Visionary (1971) [contains

much remarkable material not available elsewhere]

I. de Solá-Morales, Jujol (1990)

B. Foucart, et al., Viollet-le-Duc (1980)

D. Gifford, The Literature of Architecture (1966)[contains trans. of

Berlage’s article, ‘Neuere amerikanische Architektur’]

L.F. Graham, Hector Guimard (1970)

G. Grassi, ‘Un architetto e una città: Berlage ad Amsterdam’,

Casabella-Continuità, 1961, 39–44

J. Gratama, Dr H.P. Berlage Bouwmeester (1925)

H. Guimard, ‘An “Art Nouveau” Edifice in Paris. The Humbert De

Romans Building’, Architectural Record, vol. XII, no. 1, May 1902,
58
— ‘An Architect’s Opinion of “L’Art Nouveau”’, Architectural Record,
vol. XII, no. 2, June 1902, 130–33

M.F. Hearn, ed., The Architectural Theory of Viollet-le-Duc. Readings

and Commentary (1989)

M.-A. Leblond, ‘Gaudí et l’architecture méditerranéenne’, L’Art et les

artistes, II, 1910

D. Mackay, ‘Berenguer’, AR, December 1964, 410–16

— Modern Architecture in Barcelona 1854–1939 (1987)

S.T. Madsen, ‘Horta: Works and Style of Victor Horta Before 1900’,
AR, December 1955, 388–92

C. Martinell, Gaudí: His Life, His Themes, His Work (1975)

F. Mazade, ‘An “Art Nouveau” Edifice in Paris’, Architectural Record,

May 1902 [a contemporary account of the Humbert de Romans
theatre]

J.-P. Midant, Viollet-Le-Duc: The French Gothic Revival (2002)

M.A. Miserachs, J. Puig i Cadafalch (1989)

J. Molema, et al., Antonio Gaudí een weg tot oorspron-kelijkheid (1987)

— Gaudí: Rationalist met perfekte Materiaalbe-heersing (1979)

[research into structural form and process in Gaudí’s architecture]

N. Pevsner and J.M. Richards, eds, The Anti-Rationalists (1973)

S. Polano and G. Fanelli, Hendrik Petrus Berlage: Complete Works

(1987) [with Singelenberg, the best account in Eng. to date]

J. Rovira, ‘Architecture and Ideology in Catalonia 1901–1951’, AA

Files, no. 14, 1987, 62–68

F. Russell, ed., Art Nouveau Architecture (1979)

R. Schmutzler, ‘The English Origins of the Art Nouveau’, AR, February

1955, 109–16

— ‘Blake and the Art Nouveau’, AR, August 1955, 91–97

 — Art Nouveau (1962, paperback 1979) [still the most comprehensive
Eng. study of the whole development]

H. Searing, ‘Betondorp: Amsterdam’s Concrete Suburb’, Assemblage 3,

1987, 109–43

J.L. Sert and J.J. Sweeny, Antonio Gaudí (1960)

P. Singelenberg, H.P. Berlage: Idea and Style (1972)

J. Summerson, ‘Viollet-le-Duc and the Rational Point of View’, in

Heavenly Mansions (1948)

— N. Pevsner, H. Damish and S. Durant, Viollet-le-Duc (AD Profile,

1980)

F. Vamos, ‘Lechner Ödön’, AR, July 1967, 59–62

E.E. Viollet-le-Duc, The Foundations of Architecture: Selections from

the Dictionnaire Raisonné (1990) [1858–68]

Chapter 5
Charles Rennie Mackintosh and the Glasgow School 1896–
1916
F. Alison, Le sedie di Charles Rennie Mackintosh (1973) [a catalogue
raisonné with drawings of Mackintosh’s furniture]

R. Billcliffe, Architectural Sketches and Flower Drawings by Charles

Rennie Mackintosh (1977)

— Mackintosh. Water Colours (1978)

— Mackintosh. Textile Designs (1982)

T. Howarth, Charles Rennie Mackintosh and the Modern Movement

(1952, rev. edn 1977) [still the seminal Eng. text]

E.B. Kalas, ‘L’art de Glasgow’, in De la Tamise à la Sprée (1905) [an

Eng. version was publ. for the Mackintosh Memorial Exhibition,
1933]

R. Macleod, Charles Rennie Mackintosh (1968)

 P. Robertson, ed., Charles Rennie Mackintosh: The Architectural
Papers (1990)

A. Service, ‘James Maclaren and the Godwin Legacy’, AR, August

1973, 111–18

D. Walker, ‘Charles Rennie Mackintosh’, AR, November 1968, 355–63

G. White, ‘Some Glasgow Designers and their Work’, Studio, XI, 1897,
86ff.

Chapter 6
The Sacred Spring: Wagner, Olbrich and Hoffmann 1886–
1912
S. Anderson, Peter Behrens and a New Architecture for the Twentieth
Century (2000)

P. Behrens, ‘The Work of Josef Hoffmann’, Architecture (Journal of the

Society of Architects, London), II, 1923, 589–99

I. Boyd-Whyte, Emil Hoppe, Marcel Kammerer, Otto Schönthal: Three

Architects from the Master Class of Otto Wagner (1989)

F. Burkhardt, C. Eveno and B. Podrecca, Jože Plečnik, Architect (1872–

1957) (1990)

F. Cellini, ‘La villa Asti di Josef Hoffmann’, Contraspazio, IX, no. 1,

June 1977, 48–51

J.R. Clark, ‘J.M. Olbrich 1867–1908’, AD, XXXVII, December 1967

H. Czech, ‘Otto Wagner’s Vienna Metropolitan Railway’, A+U, 76.07,

July 1976, 11–20

Darmstadt: Ein Dokument deutscher Kunst 1901–1976 (1976) [5-vol.

exh. cat.; vol. V records the 3 main phases of the building of the
colony, 1901–14]

H. Geretsegger, M. Peintner and W. Pichler, Otto Wagner 1841–1918

(1970)

O.A. Graf, Die Vergessene Wagnerschule (1969)

— Otto Wagner: Das Werk der Architekten, I & II (1985)

G. Gresleri, Josef Hoffmann (1984)

F.L. Kroll, ‘Ornamental Theory and Practice in the Jugendstil’,

Rassegna, March 1990, 58–65

I. Latham, Josef Maria Olbrich (1980)

A.J. Lux, Otto Wagner (1914)

H.F. Mallgrave, Otto Wagner: Reflections on the Raiment of Modernity

(1993)

— ed., Otto Wagner: Modern Architecture (1988) [trans. of 1902 edn]

W. Mrazek, Die Wiener Werkstätte (1967)

C.M. Nebehay, Ver Sacrum 1898–1903 (1978)

O. Niedermoser, Oskar Strnad 1879–1935 (1965) [a short account of

this versatile but relatively unknown architect]

N. Pevsner, ‘Secession’, AR, January 1971, 73–74

V.H. Pintarić, Vienna 1900: The Architecture of Otto Wagner (1989)

N. Powell, The Sacred Spring: The Arts in Vienna 1898–1918 (1974)

M. Pozzetto, Max Fabiani, Nuove frontiere dell’ architettura (1988) [an

important late Secessionist architect]

D. Prelovšek, Josef Plečnik: Wiener Arbeiten von 1896 bis 1914 (1979)

C. Schorske, ‘The Transformation of the Garden: Ideal and Society in

Austrian Literature’, The American Historical Review, vol. 72, no. 4,
July 1967, 1298

— Fin de Siècle Vienna (1979)

K.H. Schreyl and D. Neumeister, Josef Maria Olbrich: Die Zeichnungen

in der Kunstbibliothek Berlin (1972)

W.J. Schweiger, Wiener Werkstätte: Kunst und Handwerke 1903–1932

(1982) [Eng. trans. Wiener Werkstätte: Design in Vienna 1903–
1932 (1984)]
 E. Sekler, ‘Eduard F.Sekler: The Stoclet House by Josef Hoffmann’, in
Essays in the History of Architecture Presented to Rudolph
Wittkower, vol. 1 (1967), 230

— ‘Art Nouveau Bergerhöhe’, AR, January 1971, 75–76

— Josef Hoffmann: the Architectural Work, Monograph and Catalogue

of Works (1985)

M. Tafuri, ‘Am Steinhof, Centrality and Surface in Otto Wagner’s

Architecture’, Lotus, 29, 1981, 73–91

P. Vergo, Art in Vienna 1898–1918 (1975)

O. Wagner, Moderne Architektur (I, 1896, II & III, 1898–1902) [for

abridged trans. see ‘Modern Architecture’, in Brick Builder, June–
August 1901]

— Die Baukunst unserer Zeit (1914)

— Einige Skizzen, Projekte und Ausgeführte Bauwerke von Otto

Wagner (1987) [repr. of the 4 vols of Wagner’s complete works,
with introduction by P. Haiko]

— Modern Architecture: A Guidebook for his Students to this Field of

Art (1988) [1902]

R. Waissenberger, Vienna 1890–1920 (1984)

Chapter 7
Antonio Sant’Elia and Futurist Architecture 1909–14
U. Apollonio, Futurist Manifestos (1973) [contains all the basic
manifestos]

R. Banham, Theory and Design in the First Machine Age (1960), esp.
chs 8–10

G. Brizzi and C. Guenzi, ‘Liberty occulto e G.B. Bossi’, Casabella, 338,

July 1968, 22–23

L. Caramel and A. Longatti, Antonia Sant’Elia: The Complete Works

(1989)

R. Clough, Futurism (1961)

 P.G. Gerosa, Mario Chiattone (1985)

E. Godoli, II Futurismo (1983)

P. Hultén, Futurismo e Futurismi (exh. cat., Palazzo Grassi, Venice,

1986)

J. Joll, Three Intellectuals in Politics (1960) [studies of Blum, Rathenau

and Marinetti]

G. Kahn, L’Esthétique de la rue (1901)

M. Kirby, Futurist Performance (1971)

F.T. Marinetti, Marinetti: Selected Writings (1971)

C. Meeks, Italian Architecture 1750–1914 (1966) [the last chapter is

esp. relevant on the Stile Floreale]

J.-A. Moilin, Paris en l’an 2000 (1869)

J.P. Schmidt-Thomsen, ‘Sant’Elia futurista or the Achilles Heel of

Futurism’, Daidalos, 2, 1981, 36–44

J. Taylor, Futurism (1961)

P. Thea, Nuove Tendenze a Milano e l’altro Futurismo (1980)

C. Tisdall and A. Bozzolla, Futurism (1977)

Chapter 8
Adolf Loos and the Crisis of Culture 1896–1931
F. Amendolagine, ‘The House of Wittgenstein’, 9H, no. 4, 1982, 23–38

— and M. Cacciari, Oikos: da Loos a Wittgenstein (1975)

S. Anderson, ‘Critical Conventionalism in Architecture’, Assemblage 1,

1986, 7–23 [a comparison of Alois Riegl and Adolf Loos]

C.A. and T.J. Benton, Form and Function, ed. with D. Sharp (1975)
[anthology containing trans. of Architektur (1910) and
Potemkinstadt (1898)]

B. Colomina, ‘Intimacy and Spectacle: The Interiors of Adolf Loos’ AA

Files, no. 20, Autumn 1990, 5–15
H. Czech, ‘The Loos Idea’, A+U, 78.05, 1978, 47–54

— and W. Mistelbauer, Das Looshaus (1976) [study of the Goldman &

Salatsch building]

P. Engelmann, Letters from Ludwig Wittgenstein (1967), esp. ch. 7

J.P. Fotrin and M. Pietu, ‘Adolf Loos. Maison Pour Tristan Tzara’,
AMC, 38, March 1976, 43–50

B. Gravagnuolo, Adolf Loos: Theory and Works (1982)

J. Gubler, ‘Loos, Ehrlich und die Villa Karma’, Archithese, 1, 1971, 46–
49

— and G. Barbey, ‘Loos’s Villa Karma’, AR, March 1969, 215–16

A. Janik and S. Toulmin, Wittgenstein’s Vienna (1974)

H. Kulka, Adolf Loos, Das Werk des Architekten (1931)

A. Loos, Das Andere (1903)

— Ins Leere gesprochen (1921) [articles written 1897–1900]

— Trotzdem (1931) [articles written 1903–30]

— Sämtliche Schriften (1962)

— Spoken into the Void: Collected Essays, 1897–1900 (1982)

— and B. Colomina, Das Andere (The Other) (2015)

— and A. Opel, Ornament and Crime: Selected Essays (1998)

— et al., On Architecture (2014)

E.A. Loos, Adolf Loos, der Mensch (1968)

L. Münz and G. Künstler, Adolf Loos: Pioneer of Modern Architecture

(1966) [a study, plus trans. of The Plumbers, The Story of the Poor
Rich Man and Ornament and Crime]

M. Risselada and B. Colomina, Raumplan Versus Plan Libre: Adolf

Loos and Le Corbusier 1919–1930 (1988)
 B. Rukschcio and R. Schachel, Adolf Loos (1982) [definitive study in
German]

Y. Safran, ‘The Curvature of the Spine: Kraus, Loos and Wittgenstein’,

9H, no. 5, 1982, 17–22

R. Schachel and V. Slapeta, Adolf Loos (1989) [cat. of centennial exh. in

Vienna]

W. Wang, ed., ‘Britain and Vienna 1900–1938’, 9H, no. 6, 1983

— Y. Safran, K. Frampton and D. Steiner, The Architecture of Adolf

Loos (1985)

D. Worbs, et al., Adolf Loos 1870–1933 (1984) [cat. of an exh. at the

Akademie der Künste, Berlin]

Chapter 9
Henry van de Velde and the Abstraction of Empathy 1895–
1914
M. Culot, Henry van de Velde Theatres 1904–14 (1974)

— ‘Réflexion sur la “voie sacrée”, un texte de Henry van de Velde’,

AMC, 45, May 1978, 20–21

R. Delevoy, et al., Henry van de Velde 1863–1957 (1963)

— M. Culot and A. Van Loo, La Cambre 1928–1978 (1979)

D.D. Egbert, Social Radicalism in the Arts (1970)

A.M. Hammacher, Le Monde de Henry van de Velde (1967)

H. Hesse-Frielinghaus, A. Hoff and W. Erben, Karl Ernst Osthaus:

Leben und Werk (1971)

K.-H. Hüter, Henry van de Velde (1967)

Kroller-Müller Museum, Otterlo, Henry van de Velde 1863–1957:

Paintings and Drawings (1988)

L. Münz and G. Künstler, Adolf Loos, Pioneer of Modern Architecture

(1966)
 L. Ploegaerts and P. Puttermans, L’Oeuvre architecturale de Henry van
de Velde (1987)

C.L. Ressequier, ‘The Function of Ornament as seen by Henry van de

Velde’, The Royal Architectural Institute of Canada, no. 31,
February 1954, 33–37

K.L. Sembach, Henry van de Velde (1989)

L. Tannenbaum, ‘Henry van de Velde: A Re-evaluation’, Art News

Annual, XXXIV (1968)

H. van de Velde, ‘Déblaiement d’art’, in La Société nouvelle (1894)

— Les Formules de la beauté architectonique (1916–17)

— ‘Vernunftsgemässer Stil. Vernunft und Schönheit’, Frankfurter

Zeitung, LXXIII, no. 21, January 1929

— Geschichte meines Lebens (1962) [for Eng. extracts see P.M. Shand,
‘Van de Velde, Extracts from Memoirs 1891–1901’, AR, September
1952, 143–45]

— T. Föhl and A. Neumann, Henry van de Velde: Raumkunst und

Kunsthandwerk: ein Werkverzeichnis in sechs Bänden [Interior
Design and Decorative Arts: A Catalogue Raisonné in Six Volumes]
(2012)

W. Worringer, Abstraction and Empathy (1963)[trans. of 1908 text]

Chapter 10
Tony Garnier and the Industrial City 1899–1918
J. Badovici, ‘L’Oeuvre de Tony Garnier’, L’Architecture Vivante,
Autumn/Winter 1924

— and A. Morancé, L’Oeuvre de Tony Gamier (1938)

F. Burkhardt, et al., Tony Garnier: L’Oeuvre complète (exh. cat., Centre

Pompidou, Paris, 1990)

R. de Souza, L’ Avenir de nos villes, études pratiques d’esthétique

urbaine, Nice: capitale d’hiver (1913)
 T. Garnier, Une Cité industrielle. Etude pour la construction des villes
(1917; 2nd edn 1932)

— Les Grands Travaux de la ville de Lyons (1920)

C. Pawlowski, Tony Garnier et les débuts de l’urbanisme fonctionnel en

France (1967)

D. Wiebenson, Tony Garnier: The Cité Industrielle (1969) [best

available Eng. text on Garnier]

P.M. Wolf, Eugène Hénard and the Beginning of Urbanism in Paris

1900–1914 (1968)

Chapter 11
Auguste Perret: the Evolution of Classical Rationalism 1899–
1925
J. Badovici, articles in L’Architecture Vivante, Autumn/Winter 1923,
Spring/Summer 1924, Spring/Summer 1925 and Autumn/Winter
1926

A. Bloc, L’Architecture d’Aujourd-hui, VII, October 1932 (Perret issue)

K. Britton and A. Perret, Auguste Perret (2001)

B. Champigneulle, Auguste Perret (1959)

P. Collins, Concrete: The Vision of a New Architecture (1959)

R. Gargiani, Auguste Perret, 1874–1954 (1993)

V. Gregotti, ‘Classicisme et rationalisme d’A. Perret’, AMC, 37,

November 1975, 19–20

B. Jamot, Auguste Perret et l’architecture du béton armé (1927)

P. Panerai, ‘Maison Cassandre’, 9H, no. 4, 1982, 33–36

A. Perret, ‘Architecture: Science et poésie’, La Construction moderne,

48, October 1932, 2–3

— ‘L’Architecture’, Revue d’art et d’esthétique, June 1935

— Contribution à une théorie de l’architecture (1952)

 — C. Laurent, G. Lambert and J. Abram, Auguste Perret: Anthologie
des écrits, conférences et entretiens (2006)

G.E. Pettengill, ‘Auguste Perret: A Partial Bibliography’ (unpub. MS,

AIA Library, Washington, 1952)

P. Saddy, ‘Perret et les idées reçues’, AMC, 37, 1977, 21–30

P. Vago, ‘Auguste Perret’, L’Architecture d’Aujourd’hui, October 1932

P. Valéry, Eupalinos ou l’architecte (1923; trans. 1932) [a key to the

French classical attitude to architecture after the First World War]

Chapter 12
The Deutsche Werkbund 1898–1927
S. Anderson, ‘Peter Behrens’s Changing Concept of Life as Art’, AD,
XXXIX, February 1969, 72–78

— ‘Modern Architecture and Industry: Peter Behrens and the Cultural

Policy of Historical Determinism’, Oppositions, 11, Winter 1977

— ‘Modern Architecture and Industry: Peter Behrens and the AEG

Factories’, Oppositions, 23, 1981, 53–83

— Peter Behrens and a New Architecture for the 20th Century (2000)

P. Behrens, ‘The Turbine Hall of the AEG 1910’, Documents (1975),

56–57

T. Benton, S. Muthesius and B. Wilkins, Europe 1900–14 (1975)

K. Bernhardt, ‘The New Turbine Hall for AEG 1910’, Documents

(1975), 54–56

R. Bletter, ‘On Martin Fröhlich’s Gottfried Semper’, Oppositions, 4,

October 1974, 146–53

T. Buddensieg, Industrielkultur. Peter Behrens and the AEG, 1907–

1914 (1984)

J. Campbell, The German Werkbund – The Politics of Reform in the

Applied Arts (1978)
C. Chassé, ‘Didier Lenz and the Beuron School of Religious Art’,
Oppositions, 21, 1980, 100–103

C.M. Chipkin, ‘Lutyens and Imperialism’, RIBAJ, July 1969, 263

U. Conrads, Programs and Manifestoes on 20th-Century Architecture

(1970) [an important anthology of manifestos 1903–63, notably
Aims of the Werkbund (1911) and Werkbund Theses and Anti-Theses
(1914)]

S. Custoza, M. Vogliazzo and J. Posener, Muthesius (1981)

F. Dal Co, Figures of Architecture and Thought: German Architectural

Culture 1880–1920 (1990)

H. Eckstein, ed., 50 Jahre Deutscher Werkbund (1958)

L.D. Ettlinger, ‘On Science, Industry and Art, Some Theories of

Gottfried Semper’, AR, July 1964, 57–60

J. Frank, et al., Josef Frank: Schriften (Josef Frank: Writings) (2012)

A.C. Funk-Jones, J.R. Molen and G. Storck, eds, J.L.M. Lauweriks

(1987)

G. Grassi, ‘Architecture as Craft’, 9H, no. 8, 1989, 34–53 [an essay on

Tessenow]

W. Gropius, ‘Die Entwicklung Moderner Industriebaukunst’, Jahrbuch

des Deutschen Werkbundes, 1913

— ‘Der Stilbildende Wert Industrieller Bauformen’, Jahrbuch des

Deutschen Werkbundes, 1914

W. Herrmann, Gottfried Semper und die Mitte der 19. Jahrhunderts

(ETH/GTA 18, Stuttgart, 1976) [proceedings of an important
international Semper symposium]

— Gottfried Semper. Theoretischer Nachlass an der ETH Zürich

(ETH/GTA 15, Stuttgart, 1981)

— Gottfried Semper: In Search of Architecture (1984)

F. Hoeber, Peter Behrens (1913)

W. Hoepfner and F. Neumeyer, Das Haus Weigand von Peter Behrens
in Berlin Dahlem (1979)

M. Hvattum, Gottfried Semper and the Problem of Historicism (2004)

W. Jessen, ‘Introduction to Heinrich Tessenow’s House Building and

Such Things’, 9H, no. 8, 1989, 6–33

H.J. Kadatz, Peter Behrens: Architekt, Maler, Grafiker (1977)

[important for showing the scope of Behrens’s work 1914–29]

J. Kreitmaier, Beuroner Kunst (1923) [study of the school of symbolic

proportion developed by the Beuronic order]

H.F. Mallgrave and W. Herrmann, The Four Elements of Architecture

and Other Writings (1989) [an anthology of Semper’s writings]

F. Meinecke, The German Catastrophe (1950, republ. 1963)

S. Müller, Kunst und Industrie – Ideologie und Organisation des

Funktionalismus in der Architektur (1974)

H. Muthesius, ‘The Task of the Werkbund in the Future’, Documents

(1978), 7–8 [followed by extracts from the Werkbund debate in
Cologne, 1914]

— The English House (1979) [trans. of German original]

— F. Naumann and others, Der Werkbund-Gedanke in den

germanischen Ländern (1914) [proceedings of the Werkbund debate
in Cologne, 1914]

F. Naumann, ‘Werkbund und Handel’, Jahrbuch des Deutschen

Werkbundes, 1913

— ‘Culture is, however, a General Term, Paris 1900 – a Letter’,

Daidalos, 2, 1981, 25, 33

W. Nerdinger, Hans Dollgast 1891–1974 (1987)

— Theodor Fischer: Architetto e urbanista, 1862–1938 (1988)

N. Pevsner, ‘Gropius at Twenty-Six’, AR, July 1961, 49–51

J. Posener, ‘Muthesius as Architect’, Lotus, 9, February 1975, 104–15

[trans. 221–25]
 F. Schumacher, Der Geist der Baukunst (1983) [republ. of a thesis first
issued in 1938]

G. Semper, ‘Science, Industry and Art. Proposals for the Development

of a National Taste in Art at the Closing of the London Industrial
Exhibition’, in The Four Elements of Architecture and Other
Writings, trans. H.F. Mallgrave and W. Herrmann (1989)

— H.F. Mallgrave and M. Robinson, Style in the Technical and Tectonic

Arts, or, Practical Aesthetics (2004)

F. Very, ‘J.M.L. Lauweriks: architecte et théosophe’, AMC, 40,

September 1976, 55–58

G. Wangerin and G. Weiss, Heinrich Tessenow 1876–1950 (1976)

H. Weber, Walter Gropius und das Faguswerk (1961)

A. Windsor, Peter Behrens Architect 1868–1940 (1981)

Chapter 13
The Glass Chain: European Architectural Expressionism
1910–25
J. Badovici, ‘Erich Mendelsohn’, L’Architecture Vivante,
Autumn/Winter 1932 (special issue)

R. Banham, ‘Mendelsohn’, AR, 1954, 85–93

O. Beyer, ed., Erich Mendelsohn: Letters of an Architect (1967)

R. Bletter, ‘Bruno Taut and Paul Scheerbart’ (unpub. PhD thesis, Avery
Library, Columbia, New York, 1973)

I. Boyd-Whyte, The Crystal Chain Letters. Architectural Fantasies by

Bruno Taut and his Circle (1985)

N. Bullock, ‘First the Kitchen, Then the Façade’, AA Files, no. 6, May
1984, 59–67

U. Conrads, ‘1919 Gropius/Taut/Behne: New Ideas on Architecture’, in

Programs and Manifestoes on 20th-century Architecture, trans. M.
Bullock (1971)

— and H.G. Sperlich, Fantastic Architecture (1963)

K. Frampton, ‘Genesis of the Philharmonie’, AD, March 1965, 111–12

Hugo Häring, Fragmente (Akademie der Künste, Berlin, 1968)

H. Häring, ‘Approaches to Form’ (1925), AAQ, X, no. 7, 1978 [trans. of

Häring text]

— Das andere Bauen, ed. J. Joedicke (1982) [an anthology of

theoretical writings]

— ‘Problems of Art and Structure in Building’ (with intro. by P.

Blundell Jones), 9H, no. 7, 1985, 75–82

T. Huess, Hans Poelzig, das Lebensbild eines deutschen Baumeister

(1985) [repr. of 1939 classic]

J. Joedicke, ‘Häring at Garkau’, AR, May 1960, 313–18

— Hugo Häring, Schriften, Entwürfe, Bauten (1965)

P. Blundell Jones, ‘Late Works of Scharoun’, AR, March 1975, 141–54

— ‘Organic versus Classic’, AAQ, X, 1978, 10–20

— Hans Scharoun (1978)

— ‘Hugo Häring and the Search for a Responsive Architecture’, AA

Files, no. 13, Autumn 1986, 30–43

— ‘Häring’s Functionalist Theory, 1924–1934. “Wege zur Form”,

1925’, in Hugo Häring: the Organic Versus the Geometric (1999),
77

K. Junghans, ‘Bruno Taut’, Lotus, 9, February 1975, 94–103 [trans.

219–21]

— Bruno Taut (Akademie der Künste, Berlin, 1980)

— Bruno Taut 1880–1938 (2nd edn, 1983)

H. Lauterbach, Hans Scharoun (Akademie der Künste, Berlin, 1969)

Erich Mendelsohn 1887–1953: Ideen, Bauten, Projekte (Staatliche

Museen Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin, 1987)

W. Pehnt, Expressionist Architecture (1973)

J. Posener, ‘Poelzig’, AR, June 1963, 401–05

— ed., Hans Poelzig: Gesammelte Schriften und Werke (1970)

G. Rumé, ‘Rudolf Steiner’, AMC, 39, June 1976, 23–29

P. Scheerbart and B. Taut, Glass Architecture and Alpine Architecture,

ed D. Sharp (1972) [trans. of 2 seminal texts]

M. Schirren, Hans Poelzig: Die Pläne und Zeichnungen aus dem

ehemaligen Verkehrs und Baumuseum in Berlin (1989)

W. Segal, ‘About Taut’, AR, January 1972, 25–26

D. Sharp, Modern Architecture and Expressionism (1966)

— ‘Park Meerwijk – an Expressionist Experiment in Holland’,

Perspecta, 13/14, 1971

M. Speidel, Bruno Taut (2007)

M. Staber, ‘Hans Scharoun, Ein Beitrag zum organischen Bauen’,

Zodiac, 10, 1952, 52–93 [Scharoun’s contribution to organic
building, with trans.]

B. Taut, ‘The Nature and the Aims of Architecture’, Studio, March

1929, 170–74

— and M. Schirren, Bruno Taut: Alpine Architecture: A Utopia (2004)

— and M. Speidel, Ex Oriente Lux: die Wirklichkeit einer Idee: eine

Sammlung von Schriften 1904–1938 (2007)

— et al., The City Crown by Bruno Taut (2015)

M. Taut and O.M. Lingers, Die Gläserne Kette. Visionäre Architektur

aus dem Kreis um Bruno Taut 1919–1920 (1963)

A. Tischhauser, ‘Creative Forces and Crystalline Architecture: In

Remembrance of Wenzel Hablik’, Daidalos, 2, 1981, 45–52

A. Whittick, Erich Mendelsohn (1970)

B. Zevi, Erich Mendelsohn Opera Completa (1970)

— Erich Mendelsohn (1984)

Chapter 14
The Bauhaus: the Evolution of an Idea 1919–32
G. Adams, ‘Memories of a Bauhaus Student’, AR, September 1968,
192–94

R. Banham, ‘The Bauhaus’, in Theory and Design in the First Machine

Age (2nd edn, 1967)

H. Bayer, W. Gropius and I. Gropius, Bauhaus 1919–1928 (1952)

A. Cohen, Herbert Bayer (1984)

U. Conrads, ‘1919 Walter Gropius: Programme of the Staatliches

Bauhaus in Weimar’, in Programs and Manifestoes on 20th-century
Architecture, trans. M. Bullock (1971), 49

J. Fisher, Photography and the Bauhaus (1990)

M. Franciscono, Walter Gropius and the Creation of the Bauhaus in

Weimar (1971)

S. Giedion, Walter Gropius: Work and Teamwork (1954)

P. Green, ‘August Endell, AAQ, IX, no. 4, 1977, 36–44

W. Gropius, The New Architecture and the Bauhaus (1935)

— The Scope of Total Architecture (1956)

P. Hahn, Experiment Bauhaus (1988)

R. Isaacs, Walter Gropius (1991)

J. Itten, Design and Form (1963)

R. Kostelanetz, Moholy-Nagy (1970) [trans. of his basic texts]

L. Lang, Das Bauhaus 1919–1923. Idee und Wirklichkeit (1965)

S.A. Mansbach, Visions of Totality: László Moholy-Nagy, Theo van

Doesburg and El Lissitzky (1980)

L. Moholy-Nagy, The New Vision (4th edn, 1947)[trans. of Von

Material zu Architektur (1928)]
 — Vision in Motion (1947)

S. Moholy-Nagy, Moholy-Nagy. An Experiment in Totality (1950)

G. Naylor, Bauhaus (1980) [an extremely penetrating analysis of the

Bauhaus in Eng.]

E. Neumann, Bauhaus and Bauhaus People (1970)

W. Nerdinger, Walter Gropius (1985/86)

K. Passuth, Moholy-Nagy (1991)

W. Schedig, Crafts of the Weimar Bauhaus 1919–1924 (1967)

O. Schlemmer, L. Moholy-Nagy and F. Molnar, The Theater of the

Bauhaus (1961) [trans. of Bauhaus-bücher 4]

C. Schnaidt, ‘My Dismissal from the Bauhaus’, in Hannes Meyer:

Buildings, Projects and Writings (1965), 105

J. Willett, The New Sobriety 1917–1933: Art and Politics in the Weimar
Period (1978)

H. Wingler, The Bauhaus: Weimar, Dessau, Berlin and Chicago (1969)

[the basic documentary text on the Bauhaus to date]

Chapter 15
The New Objectivity: Germany, Holland and Switzerland
1923–33
S. Bann, The Tradition of Constructivism (1974)

Bauhaus Archiv, Architekt, Urbanist, Lehrer, Hannes Meyer 1889–1954

(1989)

A. Behne, The Modern Functional Building (1996) [1923]

E. Bertonati, Aspetti della ‘Nuova Oggettività’ (1968) [cat. of exh. of the

New Objective painters, Rome and Munich, 1968]

O. Birkner, J. Herzog and P. de Meuron, ‘Die Petersschule in Basel

(1926–1929)’, Werk-Archithese, 13/14, January–February 1978, 6–8

J. Buckschmitt, Ernst May: Bauten und Planungen, vol. 1 (1963)

M. Casciato, F. Panzini and S. Polano, Olanda 1870–1940: Città, Casa,
Architettura (1980)

G. Fanelli, Architettura moderna in Olanda (1968)

V. Fischer, et al., Ernst May und das Neue Frankfurt 1925–1930 (1986)

S. Giedion, ‘The Modern Theatre: Interplay between Actors and

Spectators’, in Walter Gropius, Work and Teamwork (1954), 64

G. Grassi, ed., Das Neue Frankfurt 1926–1931 e l’architettura della

nuova Francoforte (1975)

W. Gropius, ‘Sociological Premises for the Minimum Dwelling of

Urban Industrial Populations’, in Scope of Total Architecture (1978),
101

J. Gubler, Nationalisme et internationalisme dans l’architecture

moderne de la Suisse (1975)

G.F. Hartlaub, ‘Letter to Alfred H. Barr’, AB, XXII, no. 3, September

1940, 164

O. Haesler, Mein Lebenswerk als Architekt (1957)

H. Hirolina, ed., Neues Bauen Neue Gesellschaft: Das neue Frankfurt

die neue Stadt. Eine Zeitschrift Zwischen 1926–1933 (1984)

K. Homann and L. Scarpa, ‘Martin Wagner, The Trades Union

Movement and Housing Construction in Berlin in the First Half of
the 1920s’, AD, November–December 1983, 58–61

B. Housden, ‘Arthur Korn’, AAJ (special issue), LXXIII, no. 817,

December 1957, 114–35

— ‘M. Brinckman, J.A. Brinckman, L.C. van der Vlugt, J.H. van der
Broek, J.B. Bakema’, AAJ, December 1960 [a documentation of the
evolution of this important firm over 4 generations]

E.J. Jelles and C.A. Alberts, ‘Duiker 1890–1935’, Forum voor

architectuur en daarmee verbonden kunsten, nos 5 & 6, 1972

B. Miller Lane, Architecture and Politics in Germany 1918–1945 (1968)

 Le Corbusier, ‘The Spectacle of Modern Life’, in The Radiant City
(1967)

S. Lissitzky-Küppers, El Lissitzky (1968)

D. Mackintosh, The Modern Courtyard, AA Paper no. 9 (1973)

J. Molema, et al., J. Duiker Bouwkundig Ingenieur (1982) [structural

form in the work of Duiker]

L. Murad and P. Zylberman, ‘Esthétique du taylorisme’, in Paris/Berlin

rapports et contrastes/France-Allemagne (1978), 384–90

G. Oorthuys, Mart Stam: Documentation of his Work 1920–1965 (1970)

R. Pommer and C.F. Otto, Weissenhof 1927 and the Modern Movement
in Architecture (1991)

M.B. Rivolta and A. Rossari, Alexander Klein (1975)

F. Schmalenbach, ‘The Term Neue Sachlichkeit’, AB, XXII, September

1940

H. Schmidt, ‘The Swiss Modern Movement 1920–1930’, AAQ, Spring

1972, 32–41

C. Schnaidt, Hannes Meyer: Buildings, Projects and Writings (1965)

M. Stam, ‘Kollektive Gestaltung’, ABC (1924), 1

G. Uhlig, ‘Town Planning in the Weimar Republic’, AAQ, XI, no. 1,

1979, 24–38

J.B. van Loghem, Bouwen, Bauen, Bâtir, Building (1932) [standard

contemporary survey of the achievement of the Nieuwe Zakelijkheid
in Holland]

K.-J. Winkler, Der Architekt Hannes Meyer: Anschauungen und Werk

(1982)

K.P. Zygas. ‘“Veshch/Gegendstand/Objet”: Commentary, Bibliography,

Translations’, Oppositions, 5, Summer 1976, 113–28

Chapter 16
Modern Architecture in Czechoslovakia 1918–38
 J. Anděl, Introduction to the Art of the Avant-Garde in Czechoslovakia
1918–1938 (1993)

— The Art of the Avant-Garde in Czechoslovakia 1918–1938 (1993)

E. Dluhosch and R. Švácha, Karel Teige, 1900–1951 (1999)

R. Nikula, Erik Bryggman 1891–1955: Architect (1992)

V. Slapeta and G. Peichl, Czech Functionalism 1918–1938 (1987)

R. Švácha, The Architecture of New Prague 1895–1945 (1995)

K. Teige, Moderní architektura v Československu (1930)

Chapter 17
De Stijl: the Evolution and Dissolution of Neo-Plasticism
1917–31
J. Baljeu, Theo van Doesburg (1974)

D. Baroni, Rietveld Furniture (1978)

A.H. Barr and P.C. Johnson, De Stijl, 1917–1928 (1961)

Y.A. Blois, ‘Mondrian and the Theory of Architecture’, Assemblage 4,

October 1987, 103–30

— and B. Reichlin, De Stijl et l’architecture en France (1985)

C. Blotkamp, et al., De Stijl: The Formative Years (1982)

T.M. Brown, The Work of G. Rietveld, Architect (1958)

U. Conrads, ‘Van Doesburg and van Eesteren: Towards Collective

Building’, in Programs and Manifestoes on 20th-century
Architecture, trans. M. Bullock (1971)

De Stijl, Catalogue 81 (exh. cat. Amsterdam, Stedelijk Museum, 1951)

A. Doig, Theo Van Doesburg: Painting into Architecture, Theory into

Practice (1986)

M. Friedman, ed., De Stijl: 1917–1931. Visions of Utopia (1982)

 H.L.C. Jaffé, De Stijl 1917–1931. The Dutch Contribution to Modern
Art (1956)

— De Stijl (1970) [trans. of seminal texts]

J. Leering, L.J.F. Wijsenbeck and P.F. Althaus, Theo van Doesburg

1883–1931 (1969)

P. Mondrian, ‘Plastic Art and Pure Plastic Art’, Circle, ed. J.L. Martin,
B. Nicholson and N. Gabo (1937)

P. Overy, L. Buller, F. Den Oudsten and B. Mulder, The Rietveld

Schröder House (1988) [an important analytical study]

S. Polano, ‘Notes on Oud’, Lotus, 16, September 1977, 42–49

M. Seuphor, Piet Mondrian (1958)

G. Stamm, J.J.P. Oud Bauten und Projekte 1906–1963 (1984)

N.J. Troy, The De Stijl Environment (1983)

J.H. van der Broek, C. van Eesteren, et al., De Stijl (1951) [this initiated
the post-war interest in the movement and carries trans. of a number
of the manifestos]

T. van Doesburg, ‘L’Evolution de l’architecture moderne en Hollande’,

L’Architecture Vivante, Autumn/Winter 1925 (special issue on De
Stijl)

E. van Staaten, Theo van Doesburg: Painter and Architect (1988)

C.-P. Warncke, De Stijl 1917–1931 (1991) [a survey carrying a great

deal of new material]

B. Zevi, Poetica dell’architettura neoplastica (1953)

Chapter 18
Le Corbusier and the Esprit Nouveau 1907–31
G. Baird, ‘A Critical Introduction to Karel Teige’s “Mundaneum” and
Le Corbusier’s “In the Defence of Architecture”’, Oppositions, 4,
October 1974, 80–81
R. Banham, Theory and Design in the First Machine Age (1960), esp.
section 4

T. Benton, The Villas of Le Corbusier 1920–1930 (1990)

M. Besset, Who Was Le Corbusier? (1968) [trans.]

P. Boudon, Pessac de Le Corbusier (1969)

H.A. Brooks, ed., The Le Corbusier Archive, 25 vols (1983) [a

compilation of the complete archive in the Fondation Le Corbusier,
Paris]

J. Caron, ‘Une Villa de Le Corbusier, 1916’, in L’Esprit Nouveau, nos

4–6 (1968)

B. Colomina, ‘Le Corbusier and Photography’, Assemblage 4, October

1987, 7–23

P.A. Croset, et al., ‘I clienti di Le Corbusier’, Rassegna, 3, July 1980 [a

special number devoted to the clients of Le Corbusier, from the
industrialist Bata to the Soviet State]

W. Curtis, Le Corbusier: Ideas and Forms (1988)

P. Dermée, ed. (with A. Ozenfant and Le Corbusier), L’Esprit Nouveau,

1, 1920–25 (facsimile repr. 1969)

C. de Smet, Le Corbusier, Architect of Books (2005)

J.P. Duport and S. Nemec-Piguet, Le Corbusier & Pierre Jeanneret:

Restoration of the Clarté Building, Geneva (2016)

G. Fabre, ed., Léger and the Modern Spirit, 1918–1931 (1982)

K. Frampton, ‘The Humanist vs. Utilitarian Ideal’, AD, XXXVIII, 1968,

134–36

— Le Corbusier (2001)

— R. Schezen and Le Corbusier, Le Corbusier: Architect of the

Twentieth Century (2002)

R. Gabetti and C. Olmo, Le Corbusier et l’Esprit nouveau (1977)

P. Goulet and C. Parent, ‘Le Corbusier’, Aujourd’hui, 51 (special issue),
November 1965 [for early correspondence, documentation, etc.]

C. Green, ‘Léger and l’esprit nouveau 1912–1928’, Léger and Purist

Paris (exh. cat. ed. with J. Golding, London, 1970), 25–82

E. Gregh, ‘Le Corbusier and the Dom-Ino System’, Oppositions, 15/16,

January 1980

G. Gresleri, 80 Disegni di Le Corbusier (1977)

— L’Esprit Nouveau. Le Corbusier: costruzione e ricostruzione di un

prototipo dell’architettura moderna (1979)

— ed., Le Corbusier Voyage d’Orient, 6 vols (1988)[facsimile of 1912

travel sketchbooks]

J. Guiton, The Ideas of Le Corbusier (1981)

D. Honisch, et al., Tendenzen der Zwanziger Jahre (1977)

A. Izzo and C. Gubitosi, Le Corbusier (Rome 1978) [cat. of hitherto

unpubl. Le Corbusier drawings]

Le Corbusier, Etude sur le mouvement d’art décoratif en Allemagne

(1912)

— ‘Purism’ (1920), in Modern Artists on Art, ed. R.C. Herbert (1964),

58–73 [timely trans. of the essay from the 4th issue of L’Esprit
Nouveau]

— L’Art décoratif d’aujourd’hui (1925; Eng. trans. by J. Dunnet, The

Decorative Art of Today, 1987)

— La Peinture moderne (1925)

— Une Maison – un palais (1928)

— ‘In the Defence of Architecture’, Oppositions, 4, October 1974, 93–

108 [1st publ. in Czech in Stavba, 7 (1929), and in French in
L’Architecture d’Aujourd’hui, 1933]

— Précisions sur un état présent de l’architecture et de l’urbanisme

(1930; Eng. trans. by E. Schrieber Aujame, Precisions on the
Present State of Architecture and City Planning, 1991)
— Le Corbusier et Pierre Jeanneret: Oeuvre complète, I, 1918–1929
(1935, repr. 1966)

— Towards a New Architecture, trans. F. Etchells (1946)

— Le Voyage d’Orient (1966; Eng. trans. by I. Zaknic and N. Pertuiset,

Journey to the East, 1987) [record of a journey to Bohemia, Serbia,
Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey (1st prepared for publ. 1914)]

— Le Corbusier Sketchbooks, vol. 7 (1982)

— Le Corbusier et le livre: les livres de Le Corbusier dans leurs

éditions originales (2005)

— and J.-L. Cohen, Toward an Architecture (2009)

— and A. Ozenfant, Après le Cubisme (1918)

J. Lowman, ‘Corb as Structural Rationalist: The Formative Influence of

the Engineer Max du Bois’, AR, October 1976, 229–33

J. Lucan, ed., Le Corbusier, Une Encyclopédie (cat. of centennial Centre

Pompidou exh., Paris, 1987)

M. McLeod, ‘Charlotte Perriand: Her First Decade as a Designer’, AA

Files, no. 15, Summer 1987, 4–13

W. Oechslin, ed., Le Corbusier und Pierre Jeanneret. Das

Wettbewerbsprojekt für den Völkerbundspalast in Genf 1927 (1988)

C. Perriand, A Life of Creation: An Autobiography (2003)

J. Petit, Le Corbusier lui-même (1969) [important cat. of Le Corbusier’s

painting, 1918–54]

N. Pevsner, ‘Time and Le Corbusier’, AR, March 1951 [an early

appraisal of Le Corbusier’s work in La Chaux-de-Fonds]

J.F. Pinchon, Rob Mallet Stevens, Architecture, Furniture, Interior

Design (1990)

H. Plummer, The Sacred Architecture of Le Corbusier (2013)

B. Reichlin, ‘Le Pavilion de la Villa Church Le Corbusier’, AMC, May

1983, 100–111
M. Risselada, ed., Raumplan versus Plan Libre (1987) [a typological
comparison between Loos and Le Corbusier]

J. Ritter, ‘World Parliament – The League of Nations Competition’, AR,

CXXXVI, 1964, 17–23

C. Rowe, The Mathematics of the Ideal Villa and Other Essays (1977)

— and R. Slutzky, ‘Transparency: Literal and Phenomenal’, Perspecta,

8, 1963, 45–54

A. Rüegg and K. Spechtenhauser, Le Corbusier: Furniture and Interiors

1905–1965 (2012)

C. Schnaidt, ‘Building, 1928’, in Hannes Meyer: Buildings, Projects

and Writings (1965)

M.P. Sekler, ‘The Early Drawings of Charles-Edouard Jeanneret (Le

Corbusier) 1902–1908’, (PhD thesis, Harvard, 1973 [1977])

P. Serenyi, ‘Le Corbusier, Fourier and the Monastery of Ema’, AB,

XLIX, 1967, 227–86

— Le Corbusier in Perspective (1975) [critical commentary by various

writers spanning over half a century, starting with Piacentini’s essay
on mass production houses of 1922]

K. Silver, ‘Purism, Straightening Up After the Great War’, Artform, 15,

March 1977

C. Sumi, Immeuble Clarté Genf 1932 (1989)

B.B. Taylor, Le Corbusier et Pessac, I & II (1972)

K. Teige, ‘Mundaneum’, Oppositions, 4, October 1974, 83–91 [1st publ.

in Stavba, 7 (1929)]

P. Turner, ‘The Beginnings of Le Corbusier’s Education 1902–1907’.

AB, LIII, June 1971, 214–24

— The Education of Le Corbusier (1977)

S. von Moos, T. Hughes and B. Colomina, L’Esprit Nouveau: Le

Corbusier und die Industrie 1920–1925 (1987)
 R. Walden, ed., The Open Hand: Essays on Le Corbusier (1977)
[seminal essays by M.P. Sekler, M. Favre, R. Fishman, S. von Moos
and P. Turner]

I. Žaknić, Le Corbusier, Pavillon Suisse (2004)

Chapter 19
From Art Deco to the Popular Front: French Architecture
between Two World Wars 1925–45
L. Benevolo, Storia dell’architettura moderna (1960)

R.L. Delevoy, M. Culot and L. Grenier, Henri Sauvage, 1873–1932

(1978)

C. Devillers, ‘Une Maison de Verre … pour automobiles’, AMC, March

1984, 42–49

L. Fernández-Galiano, ed., AV Monografías 149: Jean Prouvé 1901–

1984 (2011)

R. Herbst, Un Inventeur ... l’architecte Pierre Chareau (1954)

B. Lemoine, et al., Paris 1937: Cinquantenaire de l’Exposition

Internationale des Arts et des Techniques dans la Vie Moderne
(1987)

M. Vellay and K. Frampton, Pierre Chareau: Architect and Craftsman,

1883–1950 (1984)

Chapter 20
Mies van der Rohe and the Significance of Fact 1921–33
J. Bier, ‘Mies van der Rohe’s Reichspavillon in Barcelona’, Die Form,
August 1929, 23–30

J.P. Bonta, An Anatomy of Architectural Interpretation (1975) [a

semiotic review of the criticisms of Mies van der Rohe’s Barcelona
Pavilion]

H.T. Cadbury-Brown, ‘Ludwig Mies der Rohe’, AAJ, July–August 1959

[this interview affords a useful insight into Mies’s relation to his
clients for both the Tugendhat House and the Weissenhofsiedlung]
P. Carter, Mies Van Der Rohe at Work (1972, 3rd edn, 1999)

C. Constant, ‘The Barcelona Pavilion as Landscape Garden: Modernity

and the Picturesque’, AA Files, no. 20, Autumn 1990, 47–54

A. Drexler, ed., Mies van der Rohe Archive, 6 vols (1982) [a

compilation of the complete archive in the Museum of Modern Art,
New York]

S. Ebeling and S. Papapetros, Space As Membrane (2010) [1926]

R. Evans, ‘Mies van der Rohe’s Paradoxical Symmetries’, AA Files, no.

19, Spring 1990, 56–68

L. Glaeser, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe: Drawings in the Collection of

the Museum of Modern Art,New York (1969)

— The Furniture of Mies van der Rohe (1977)

G. Hartoonian, ‘Mies van der Rohe: The Genealogy of the Wall’, JAE,
42, no. 2, Winter 1989, 43–50

L. Hilberseimer, Mies van der Rohe (1956)

H.-R. Hitchcock, ‘Berlin Architectural Show 1931’, Horn and Hound,

V, no. 1, October–December 1931, 94–97

P. Johnson, ‘The Berlin Building Exposition of 1931’, T square, 1932

(repr. in Oppositions, 2, 1974, 87–91)

— ‘Architecture in the Third Reich’, Horn and Hound, 1933 (repr. in

Oppositions, 2, 1974, 92–93)

— Mies van der Rohe (1947, 3rd edn, 1978) [still the best monograph on
Mies, with comprehensive bibliography and trans. of Mies’s basic
writings, 1922–43]

D. Mertins, Mies (2014)

— et al., G: an Avant-Garde Journal of Art, Architecture, Design, and

Film, 1923–1926 (2010)

L. Mies van der Rohe, ‘Two Glass Skyscrapers 1922’, in P. Johnson,

Mies van der Rohe (1947, 3rd edn, 1978), 182 [1st publ. as
 ‘Hochhaus-projekt für Bahnhof Friedrichstrasse im Berlin’, in
Frühlicht, 1922]

— ‘Working Theses 1923’, Programs and Manifestos on 20th Century

Architecture, ed. U. Conrads (1970), 74 [publ. in G, 1st issue, 1923,
in conjunction with his concrete office building]

— ‘Industrialized Building 1924’, Programs and Manifestos on 20th

Century Architecture, ed. U. Conrads (1970), 81 [from G, 3rd issue,
1924]

— ‘On Form in Architecture 1927’, Programs and Manifestos on 20th

Century Architecture, ed. U. Conrads (1970), 102 [1st pub. in Die
Form, 1927, as ‘Zum Neuer Jahrgang’; another trans. appears in P.
Johnson, Mies van der Rohe (1947, 3rd edn, 1978)]

— ‘A Tribute to Frank Lloyd Wright’, College Art Journal, VI, no. 1,

Autumn 1946, 41–42

R. Moneo, ‘Un Mies menos conocido’, Arquitecturas Bis 44, July 1983,
2–5

F. Neumeyer, The Artless Word: Mies van der Rohe on the Building Art
(1991) [1986]

D. Pauly, et al., Le Corbusier et la Méditerranée (1987)

T. Riley and B. Bergdoll, eds, Mies in Berlin (2001)

N.M. Rubio Tuduri, ‘Le Pavillon de l’Allemagne à l’exposition de

Barcelone par Mies van der Rohe’, Cahiers d’Art, 4, 1929, 408–12

Y. Safran, ‘Mies Van Der Rohe and Truth in Architecture’, in Y. Safran,

et al., Mies Van Der Rohe (2000)

F. Schulze, Mies van der Rohe (1985) [critical biography]

A. and P. Smithson, Mies van der Rohe, Veröffentli-chungen zur

Architektur (1968) [a short but sensitive appraisal which introduced
for the 1st time the suppressed Krefeld factory (text in German and
Eng.)]

— Without Rhetoric (1973) [important for critical appraisal and

photographs of the Krefeld factory]
 W. Tegethoff, Mies van der Rohe: Villas and Country Houses (1986)

D. von Beulwitz, ‘The Perls House by Mies van der Rohe’, AD,
November–December 1983, 63–71

W. Wang, ‘The Influence of the Wiegand House on Mies van der Rohe’,
9H, no. 2, 1980, 44–46

P. Westheim, ‘Mies van der Rohe: Entwicklung eines Architekten’, Das

Kunstblatt, II, February 1927, 55–62

— ‘Umgestaltung des Alexanderplatzes’, Die Bauwelt, 1929

— ‘Das Wettbewerb der Reichsbank’, Deutsche Bauzeitung, 1933

F.R.S. Yorke, The Modern House (1934, 4th edn 1943) [contains details
of the panoramic window in the Tugendhat House]

C. Zervos, ‘Mies van der Rohe’, Cahiers d’Art, 3, 1928, 35–38

— ‘Projet d’un petit musée d’art moderne par Mies van der Rohe’,
Cahiers d’Art, 20/21, 1946, 424–27

Chapter 21
The New Collectivity: Art and Architecture in the Soviet
Union 1918–32
C. Abramsky, ‘El Lissitzky as Jewish Illustrator and Typographer’,
Studio International, October 1966, 182–85

P.A. Aleksandrov and S.O. Chan-Magomedov, Ivan Leonidov (1975)

[Italian trans. of unpubl. Russian text]

T. Anderson, Vladimir Tatlin (1968)

— Malevich (1970) [cat. raisonné of the Berlin Exhibition of 1927]

R. Andrews and M. Kalinovska, Art Into Life: Russian Constructivism

1914–1932 (1990)[important cat. of an exh. at the Henry Art
Gallery, Seattle, and Walker Art Gallery, Minneapolis]

J. Billington, The Icon and the Axe (1968)

M. Bliznakov, ‘The Rationalist Movement in Soviet Architecture of the

1920s’, 20th-Century Studies, 7/8, December 1972, 147–61
E. Borisova and G. Sternin, Russian Art Nouveau (1987)

C. Borngräber, ‘Foreign Architects in the USSR’, AAQ, 11, no. 1, 1979,

50–62

J. Bowlt, ed., Russian Art of the Avant Garde: Theory and Criticism
(1976, 1988)

S.O. Chan-Magomedov, Moisej Ginzburg (1975)[Italian trans. of

Russian text publ. 1972]

— ‘Nikolaj Ladavskij: An Ideology of Rationalism’, Lotus, 20,

September 1978, 104–26

— see also Khan-Magomedov

J. Chernikov, Arkhitekturnye Fantasii (1933)

J.L. Cohen, M. de Michelis and M. Tafuri, URSS 1917–1978. La ville

l’architecture (1978)

C. Cooke, ‘F.O. Shektel: An Architect and his Clients in Turn-of-the-

century Moscow’, AA Files, no. 5, Spring 1984, 5–29

F. Dal Co, ‘La poétique “a-historique” de l’art de l’avant-garde en

Union Soviétique’, Archithese, 7, 1973, 19–24, 48

V. de Feo, URSS Architettura 1917–36 (1962)

E. Dluhosch, ‘The Failure of the Soviet Avant Garde’, Oppositions, 10,

Autumn 1977, 30–55

C. Douglas, Swans of Other Worlds: Kazimir Malevich and the Origins

of Abstraction in Russia (1980)

D. Elliott, ed., Alexander Rodchenko: 1891–1956 (Museum of Modern

Art, Oxford, 1979)

— Mayakovsky: Twenty Years of Work (Museum of Modern Art,

Oxford, 1982)

K. Frampton, ‘Notes on Soviet Urbanism 1917–32’, Architects’ Year

Book, XII, 1968, 238–52

— ‘The Work and Influence of El Lissitzky’, Architects’ Year Book,

XII, 1968, 253–68
R. Fülöp-Muller, The Mind and Face of Bolshevism (1927, republ.
1962)

N. Gabo, Gabo (1957)

M. Ginzburg, Style and Epoch (1982) [trans. of the Russian original of

1924]

A. Gozak and A. Leonidov, Ivan Leonidov (1988)

C. Gray, The Great Experiment: Russian Art 1863–1922 (1962)

G. Karginov, Rodchenko (1979)

S. Khan-Magomedov, Ivan Leonidov (IAUS Cat. no. 8, New York,

1981) [a great deal of the material in this cat. was compiled by R.
Koolhaas and B. Oorthuys]

— Alexander Vesnin and Russian Constructivism (1986)

— Pioneers of Soviet Architecture (1987)

— see also Chan-Magomedov

E. Kirichenko, Moscow Architectural Monuments of the 1830s–1910s

(1977)

A. Kopp, Town and Revolution, Soviet Architecture and City Planning

1917–1935, trans. T.E. Burton (1970)

— L’Architecture de la période stalinienne (1978)

— Architecture et mode de vie (1979)

J. Kroha and J. Hruza, Sovetská architektonicá avantgarda (1973)

El Lissitzky, Russia: An Architecture for World Revolution (1970; trans.

by E. Dluhosch; 1st publ. in German, 1930)

C. Lodder, Russian Constructivism (1983)

B. Lubetkin, ‘Soviet Architecture: Notes on Developments from 1917–

32’, AAJ, May 1956, 252

K. Malevich, ‘Recent Developments in Town Planning’, in The Non-

Objective World (1959)
 — Essays on Art, I, 1915–28, II, 1928–33 (1968)

V. Markov, Russian Futurism (1969)

J. Milner, Tatlin and the Russian Avant-Garde (1983)

N.A. Milyutin, Sotsgorod. The Problem of Building Socialist Cities,

trans. A. Sprague (1974)

P. Noever and K. Neray, Kunst und Revolution 1910–1932 (1988)

[Vienna exh. cat. containing unusual material]

M.F. Parkins, City Planning in Soviet Russia (1953)

V. Quilici, L’architettura del costruttivismo (1969)

— ‘The Residential Commune, from a Model of the Communitary Myth

to Productive Module’, Lotus, 8, September 1974, 64–91, 193–96

— Città russa e città sovietica (1976)

B. Schwan, Städtebau und Wohnungswesen der Welt (1935)

F. Starr, Konstantin Melnikov. Solo Architect in a Mass Society (1978)

M. Tafuri, ed., Socialismo città architettura URSS 1917–1937 (1972)

[collected essays]

— ‘Les premières hypothèses de planification urbaine dans la Russie

soviétique 1918–1925’, Archithese, 7, 1973, 34–91

— ‘Towards the “Socialist City”: Research and Realization in the Soviet

Union between NEP and the First Five-Year Plan’, Lotus, 9,
February 1975, 76–93, 216–19

L.A. Zhadova, ed., Tatlin (1988) [definitive study of this important

avant-garde artist]

K.P. Zygas, ‘Tatlin’s Tower Reconsidered’, AAQ, VIII, no. 2, 1976, 15–
27

— Form Follows Form: Source Imagery of Constructivist Architecture

1917–1925 (1980)

Chapter 22
Le Corbusier and the Ville Radieuse 1928–46
M. Bacon, Le Corbusier in America: Travels in the Land of the Timid
(2001)

P.M. Bardi, A Critical Review of Le Corbusier (1950)

F. Choay, Le Corbusier (1960)

J.L. Cohen, ‘Le Corbusier and the Mystique of the USSR’, Oppositions,
23, 1981, 85–121

— Le Corbusier et la mystique de l’URSS: théories et projets pour

Moscou 1928–1936 (1987)

— Le Corbusier and R. Pare, Le Corbusier: An Atlas of Modern

Landscapes (2013)

R. de Fusco, Le Corbusier designer immobili del 1929 (1976)

M. di Puolo, Le Corbusier/Charlotte Perriand/Pierre Jeanneret. ‘La

machine à s’asseoir’ (1976)

A. Eardley, Le Corbusier and the Athens Charter (1973) [trans. of La

Charte d’Athènes (1943)]

N. Evenson, Le Corbusier: The Machine and the Grand Design (1969)

R. Fishman, Urban Utopias in the Twentieth Century (1977)

K. Frampton, ‘The City of Dialectic’, AD, XXXIX, October 1969, 515–

43, 545–46

E. Girard, ‘Projeter’, AMC, 41, March 1977, 82–87

G. Gresleri and D. Matteoni, La Città Mondiale: Anderson, Hebrard,

Otlet and Le Corbusier (1982)

Le Corbusier, The City of Tomorrow (1929) [1st Eng. trans. of

Urbanisme (1925)]

— The Radiant City (1967) [1st Eng. trans. of La Ville radieuse (1933)]

— When the Cathedrals Were White (1947) [trans. of Quand les

cathédrales étaient blanches (1937)]

— Des canons, des munitions? Merci! Des logis … S.V.P. (1938)

 — The Four Routes (1947) [trans. of Sur les 4 Routes (1941)]

— (with F. de Pierrefeu) The Home of Man (1948) [trans. of La Maison

des hommes (1942)]

— Les Trois Etablissements humains (1944)

— Towards a New Architecture, trans. F. Etchells (1946)

M. McLeod, ‘Le Corbusier’s Plans for Algiers 1930–1936’,

Oppositions, 16/17, 1980

— ‘Le Corbusier and Algiers’ and ‘Plans: Bibliography’, Oppositions,

19/20, 1980, 54–85 and 184–261

— ‘Urbanism and Utopia: Le Corbusier from Regional Syndicalism to

Vichy’ (unpub. PhD dissertation, 1985)

C.S. Maier, ‘Between Taylorism and Technocracy: European Ideologies

and the Vision of Industrial Productivity in the 1920s’, Journal of
Contemporary History, 5, 1970, 27–61

J. Pokorny and E. Hud, ‘City Plan for Zlín’, Architectural Record, CII,
August 1947, 70–71

C. Sumi, Immeuble Clarté Genf 1932 von Le Corbusier und Pierre

Jeanneret (GTA, Zürich, 1989)

A. Vidler, ‘The Idea of Unity and Le Corbusier’s Urban Form’,

Architects’ Year Book, XII, 1968, 225–37

S. von Moos, ‘Von den Femmes d’Alger zum Plan Obus’, Archithese, 1,
1971, 25–37

— Le Corbusier – Elements of a Synthesis (1979)[trans. of Le

Corbusier, Elemente einer Synthese (1968)]

Chapter 23
Frank Lloyd Wright and the Disappearing City 1929–63
B. Bergdoll, F.L. Wright and J. Gray, Frank Lloyd Wright: Unpacking
the Archive (2017)

B. Brownell and F.L. Wright, Architecture and Modern Life (1937) [a

revealing ideological discussion of the period]
W. Chaitkin, ‘Frank Lloyd Wright in Russia’, AAQ, V, no. 2, 1973, 45–
55

C.W. Condit, American Building Art: the 20th Century (1961) [for
Wright’s structural innovations see 172–76, 185–87]

R. Cranshawe, ‘Frank Lloyd Wright’s Progressive Utopia’, AAQ, X, no.

1, 1978, 3–9

A. Drexler, The Drawings of Frank Lloyd Wright (1962)

K. Frampton, Wright’s Writings: Reflections on Culture and Politics

1894–1959 (2017)

F. Gutheim, ed., In the Cause of Architecture – Wright’s Historic Essays

for Architectural Record 1908–1952 (1975)

H.-R. Hitchcock, In the Nature of Materials 1887–1941. The Buildings

of Frank Lloyd Wright (1942)

D. Hoffmann, Frank Lloyd Wright’s Falling Water (1978)

A. Izzo and C. Gubitosi, Frank Lloyd Wright Dessins 1887–1959 (1977)

H. Jacobs, Building with Frank Lloyd Wright. An Illustrated Memoir

(1978)

E. Kaufmann, ‘Twenty-Five Years of the House on the Waterfall’,

L’Architettura, 82, VIII, no. 4, August 1962, 222–58

— ed., An American Architecture: Frank Lloyd Wright (1955)

J. Lipman, Frank Lloyd Wright and the Johnson Wax Buildings (1986)

B.B. Pfeiffer, ed., Letters to Apprentices. Frank Lloyd Wright (1982)

— Frank Lloyd Wright. Letters to Architects (1984)

— Master Drawings from the Frank Lloyd Wright Archives (1990)

M. Schapiro, ‘Architects’ Utopia’, Partisan Review, 4, no. 4, March

1938, 42–47

J. Sergeant, Frank Lloyd Wright’s Usonian Houses (1976)

 N.K. Smith, Frank Lloyd Wright. A Study in Architectural Contrast
(1966)

S. Stillman, ‘Comparing Wright and Le Corbusier’, AIAJ, IX, April–

May 1948, 171–78, 226–33 [Broadacre City compared with Le
Corbusier’s urban ideas]

W.A. Storrer, The Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright: A Complete

Catalogue (1978, 2nd edn, 1989)

E. Tafel, Apprenticed to Genius (1979)

F.L. Wright, Modern Architecture (1931) [the Kahn lectures for 1930]

— The Disappearing City (1932)

— An Autobiography (1945)

— When Democracy Builds (1945)

— The Future of Architecture (1953)

— The Natural House (1954)

— The Story of the Tower. The Tree that Escaped the Crowded Forest
(1956)

— A Testament (1957)

— The Living City (1958)

— The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum (1960)

— The Industrial Revolution Runs Away (1969)[facsimile of Wright’s

copy of the original 1932 edn of The Disappearing City]

B. Zevi, ‘Alois Riegl’s Prophecy and Frank Lloyd Wright’s Falling

Water’, L’Architettura, 82, VIII, no. 4, August 1962, 220–21

Chapter 24
Alvar Aalto and the Nordic Tradition: National Romanticism
and the Doricist Sensibility 1895–1957
A. Aalto, Postwar Reconstruction: Rehousing Research in Finland
(1940)
— Synopsis (1970)

— Sketches, ed. G. Schildt and trans. S. Wrede (1978)

— Alvar Aalto in his Own Words, ed. and annotated G. Schildt (1997)

H. Ahlberg, Swedish Architecture in the Twentieth Century (1925)

J. Ahlin, Sigurd Lewerentz (1985)

F. Alison, ed., Erik Gunnar Asplund, mobili e oggetti (1985)

G. Baird, Alvar Aalto (1970)

R. Banham, ‘The One and the Few’, AR, April 1957, 243–59

L. Benevolo, ‘Progress in European Architecture between 1930 and

1940’, in History of Modern Architecture. The Modern Movement,
vol. 2 (1971)

W.R. Bunning, ‘Paimio Sanatorium, an Analysis’, Architecture, XXIX,

1940, 20–25

C. Caldenby and O. Hultin, Asplund (1985)

A. Chris-Janer, Eliel Saarinen (1948)

Classical Tradition and the Modern Movement: the 2nd International

Alvar Aalto Symposium, Helsinki (1985)

E. Cornell, Ragnar Östberg-Svensk Arkitekt (1965) [a definitive study of

this seminal Swedish architect]

D. Cruickshank, ed., Erik Gunnar Asplund (1990)

L.K. Eaton, American Architecture Comes of Age: European Reaction

to H.H. Richardson and Louis Sullivan (1972)

P.O. Fjeld, Sverre Fehn: The Thought of Construction (1983)

K. Fleig, Alvar Aalto 1963–1970 (1971) [contains Aalto’s article, ‘The

Architect’s Conscience’]

S. Giedion, ‘Alvar Aalto’, AR, CVII, no. 38, February 1950, 77–84

H. Girsberger, Alvar Aalto (1963)

R. Glanville, ‘Finnish Vernacular Farm Houses’, AAQ, IX, no. 1, 36–52
[a remarkable article recording the form of the Karelian farmhouse
and suggesting the structural significance of the building pattern]

K. Gullichsen and U. Kinnunen, Inside the Villa Mairea (2010)

F. Gutheim, Alvar Aalto (1960)

M. Hausen, ‘Gesellius-Lindgren-Saarinen vid sekels-kiftet’, Arkkitehti-

Arkitehten, 9, 1967, 6–12 [with trans.]

— and K. Mikkola, Eliel Saarinen Projects 1896–1923 (1990)

Y. Hirn, The Origins of Art (1962)

H.-R. Hitchcock, ‘Aalto versus Aalto: The Other Finland’, Perspecta,

9/10, 1965, 132–66

P. Hodgkinson, ‘Finlandia Hall, Helsinki’, AR, June 1972, 341–43

Hvitträsk: The Home as a Work of Art (Helsinki, 1987)

J. Jetsonen and S.T. Isohauta, Alvar Aalto Libraries (2018)

M. Kries, et al., Alvar Aalto: Second Nature (2014)

G. Labò, Alvar Aalto (1948)

L.O. Larson, Peter Celsing: Ein bok om en arkitekt och hans werk
(Arkitekturmuseet, Stockholm, 1988)

K. Mikkola, ed., Alvar Aalto vs. the Modern Movement (1981)

J. Moorhouse, M. Carapetian and L. Ahtola-Moorhouse, Helsinki

Jugendstil Architecture 1895–1915 (1987)

L. Mosso, L’Opera di Alvar Aalto (Milan, 1965)[important exh. cat.]

— Alvar Aalto (1967)

— ed., ‘Alvar Aalto’, L’Architecture d’Aujourd’hui (special issue), June

1977 [articles from the Centre of Alvar Aalto Studies, Turin]

E. Neuenschwander, Finnish Buildings (1954)

R. Nikula, Armas Lindgren 1874–1929 (1988)

G. Pagano, ‘Due ville de Aalto’, Casabella, 12, 1940, 26–29

J. Pallasmaa, ed., Alvar Aalto Furniture (1985)

— H.O. Andersson, et al., Nordic Classicism 1910–1930 (1982)

P.D. Pearson, Alvar Aalto and the International Style (1978)

E.L. Pelkonen, Alvar Aalto: Architecture, Modernity, and Geopolitics

(2009)

D. Porphyrios, ‘Reversible Faces: Danish and Swedish Architecture

1905–1930’, Lotus, 16, 1977, 35–41

— Sources of Modern Eclecticism: Studies on Alvar Aalto (1982)

M. Quantrill, Alvar Aalto (1983)

— Reima Pietilä Architecture, Context, Modernism (1985)

E. Rudberg, Sven Markelius, Arkitekt (1989)

A. Salokörpi, Modern Architecture in Finland (1970)

G. Schildt, Alvar Aalto: The Early Years (1984); The Decisive Years
(1991); The Mature Years (1991)[definitive 3-vol. biography]

P. Morton Shand, ‘Tuberculosis Sanatorium, Paimio, Finland’, AR,

September 1933, 85–90

— ‘Viipuri Library, Finland’, AR, LXXIX, 1936, 107–14

J.B. Smith, The Golden Age of Finnish Art (1975)

A.P. Smithson, C. St. John Wilson, et al., Sigurd Lewerentz 1885–1976:

The Dilemma of Classicism (AA Mega publication, 1989)

M. Trieb, ‘Lars Sonck’, JSAH, XXX, no. 3, October 1971, 228–37

— ‘Gallén-Kallela: A Portrait of the Artist as an Architect’, AAQ, VII,

no. 3, September 1975, 3–13

O. Warner, Marshall Mannerheim and the Finns (1967)

R. Weston and A. Aalto, Alvar Aalto (1997)

 K. Wickman, L.O. Larson and J. Henrikson, Sveriges Riksbank 1668–
1976 (1976)

C. St John Wilson, The Other Tradition of Modern Architecture: The

Uncompleted Project (1995)

— et al., Gunnar Asplund 1885–1940: The Dilemma of Classicism (AA

Mega publication, 1988)

J. Wood, ed., ‘Alvar Aalto 1957’, Architects’ Year Book, VIII, 1957,
137–88

S. Wrede, The Architecture of Erik Gunnar Asplund (1979)

Chapter 25
Giuseppe Terragni and the Architecture of Italian
Rationalism 1926–43
G. Accasto, V. Fraticelli and R. Nicolini, L’architettura di Roma
Capitale 1870–1970 (1971)

D. Alfieri and L. Freddi, Mostra delta rivoluzione fascista (1933)

R. Banham, ‘Sant’ Elia and Futurist Architecture’, in Theory and

Design in the First Machine Age (2nd edn, 1967)

L. Belgiojoso and D. Pandakovic, Marco Albini/Franca Helg/Antonio

Piva, Architettura e design 1970–1986 (1986)

L. Benevolo, History of Modern Architecture, II (1971), 540–85

M. Carrà, E. Rathke, C. Tisdall and P. Waldberg, Metaphysical Art

(1971)

C. Cattaneo, ‘The Como Group: Neoplatonism and Rational

Architecture’, Lotus International, no. 16, September 1977, 90

G. Cavella and V. Gregotti, II Novecento e l’Architettura Edilizia

Moderna, 81 (special issue dedicated to the Novecento), 1962

A. Coppa, A. Terragni and P. Rosselli, Giuseppe Terragni (2013)

S. Danesi, ‘Cesare Cattaneo’, Lotus, 16, 1977, 89–121

— and L. Patetta, Rationalisme et architecture en Italie 1919–1943
(1976)

S. de Martino and A. Wall, Cities of Childhood. Italian Colonies in the

1930’s (1988)

D. Dordan, Building in Modern Italy, Italian Architecture 1914–1936

(1988)

P. Eisenman, ‘From Object to Relationship: Giuseppe Terragni/Casa

Giuliani Frigerio’, Perspecta, 13/14, 1971, 36–65

— G. Terragni and M. Tafuri, Giuseppe Terragni: Transformations,

Decompositions, Critiques (2003)

R. Etlin, Modernism in Italian Architecture 1890–1940 (1991)

L. Finelli, La promessa e il debito: architettura 1926–1973 (1989)

R. Gabetti, et al., Carlo Mollino 1905–1973 (1989)

V. Gregotti, New Directions in Italian Architecture (1968)

Il Gruppo 7, ‘Architecture’, trans. E.R. Shapiro, Oppositions, no. 6, Fall

1976, 90

B. Huet and G. Teyssot, ‘Politique industrielle et architecture: le cas

Olivetti’, L’Architecture d’Aujourd’hui, no. 188, December 1976
(special issue) [documents the Olivetti patronage and carries articles
on the Olivetti family and the history of the company by A. Restucci
and G. Ciucci]

S. Kostof, The Third Rome (1977)

P. Koulermos, ‘The work of Terragni, Lingeri and Italian Rationalism’,

AD, March 1963 (special issue)

N. Labò, Giuseppe Terragni (1947)

T.G. Longo, ‘The Italian Contribution to the Residential Neighbourhood

Design Concept’, Lotus, 9, 1975, 213–15

E. Mantero, Giuseppe Terragni e la città del razionalismo italiano

(1969)
— ‘For the “Archives” of What City?’, Lotus, 20, September 1978, 36–
43

A.F. Marciano, Giuseppe Terragni Opera Completa 1925–1943 (1987)

C. Melograni, Giuseppe Pagano (1955)

L. Moretti, ‘The Value of Profiles, etc.’, 1951/52, Oppositions, 4,

October 1974, 109–39

R. Nelson and I. Friend, Terragni (2008)

A. Passeri, ‘Fencing Hall by Luigi Moretti, Rome 1933–36’, 9H, no. 5,

1983, 3–7

L. Patetta, ‘The Five Milan Houses’, Lotus, 20, September 1978, 32–35

E. Persico, Tutte le opere 1923–1935, I & II, ed. G. Veronesi (1964)

— Scritti di architettura 1927–1935, ed. G. Veronesi (1968)

A. Pica, Nuova architettura italiana (1936)

L.L. Ponti, Gio Ponti: The Complete Works 1923–1978 (1990)

V. Quilici, ‘Adalberto Libera’, Lotus, 16, 1977, 55–88

B. Rudofsky, ‘The Third Rome’, AR, July 1951, 31–37

Y. Safran, ‘On the Island of Capri’, AA Files, no. 8, Autumn 1989, 14–
15

A. Sartoris, Gli elementi dell’architettura funzionale (1941)

— Encyclopédie de l’architecture nouvelle – ordre et climat

méditerranéens (1957)

T.L. Schumacher, ‘From Gruppo 7 to the Danteum: A Critical

Introduction to Terragni’s Relazione sul Danteum’, Oppositions, 9,
1977, 90–93

— Danteum: A Study in the Architecture of Literature (1985)

— Surface and Symbol: Giuseppe Terragni and the Architecture of

Italian Rationalism (1991)
 G.R. Shapiro, ‘Il Gruppo 7’, Oppositions, 6 and 12, Autumn 1976 and
Spring 1978

M. Tafuri, ‘The Subject and the Mask: An Introduction to Terragni’,

Lotus, 20, September 1978, 5–29

— History of Italian Architecture 1944–1985 (1989)

M. Talamona, ‘Adalberto Libera and the Villa Malaparte’, AA Files, no.

18, Autumn 1989, 4–14

E.G. Tedeschi, Figini e Pollini (1959)

G. Terragni, ‘Relazione sul Danteum 1938’, Oppositions, 9, 1977, 94–

105

— and B. Zevi, Giuseppe Terragni (1989)

L. Thermes, ‘La casa di Luigi Figini al Villaggio dei giornalisti’,

Contraspazio, IX, no. 1, June 1977, 35–39

G. Veronesi, Difficoltà politiche dell’architettura in Italia 1920–1940

(1953)

D. Vitale, ‘An Analytic Excavation: Ancient and Modern, Abstraction

and Formalism in the Architecture of Giuseppe Terragni’, 9H, no. 7,
1985, 5–24

B. Zevi, ed., Omaggio a Terragni (1968) [special issue of

L’Architettura]

Chapter 26
Architecture and the State: Ideology and Representation
1914–43
A. Balfour, Berlin: The Politics of Order 1937–1989 (1990)

R.H. Bletter, ‘King-Kong en Arcadie’, Archithese, 20, 1977, 25–34

— and C. Robinson, Skyscraper Style – Art Deco New York (1975)

F. Borsi, The Monumental Era: European Architecture and Design

1929–1939 (1986)
D. Brownlee, ‘Wolkenkratzer: Architektur für das amerikanische
Maschinenzeitalter’, Archithese, 20, 1977, 35–41

G. Ciucci, ‘The Classicism of the E42: Between Modernity and

Tradition’, Assemblage 8, 1989, 79–87

E. Clute, ‘The Chrysler Building, New York’, Architectural Forum, 53,

October 1930

J.-L. Cohen, Architecture in Uniform: Designing and Building for the

Second World War (2011)

C.W. Condit, American Building Art: The 20th Century (1961) [see ch.
1 for the Woolworth Tower and the Empire State Building]

F. Dal Co and S. Polano, ‘Interview with Albert Speer’, Oppositions, 12,

Spring 1978

R. Delevoy and M. Culot, Antoine Pompe (1974)

Finlands Arkitekförbund, Architecture in Finland (1932) [this survey by

the Finnish Architects’ Association affords an extensive record of
the New Tradition]

S. Fitzpatrick, The Commissariat of Enlightenment (1970)

P.T. Frankl, New Dimensions: The Decorative Arts of Today in Words

and Pictures (1928)

V. Fraticelli, Roma 1914–1929 (1982)

D. Gebhard, ‘The Moderne in the U.S. 1910–1914’, AAQ, II, no. 3, July
1970, 4–20

— The Richfield Building 1926–1928 (1970)

S. Giedion, Architecture You and Me (1958) [esp. 25–61]

R. Grumberger, The 12-Year Reich (1971)

K.M. Hays, ‘Tessenow’s Architecture as Nation Allegory: Critique of

Capitalism or Proto-fascism?’, Assemblage 8, 1989, 105–23

H.-R. Hitchcock, ‘Some American Interiors in the Modern Style’,

Architectural Record, 64, September 1928, 235
— Modern Architecture: Romanticism and Reintegration (1929)

R. Hood, ‘Exterior Architecture of Office Buildings’, Architectural

Forum, 41, September 1924

— ‘The American Radiator Company Building, New York’, American

Architect, 126, November 1924

C. Hussey and A.S.G. Butler, Lutyens Memorial Volumes (1951)

W.H. Kilham, Raymond Hood, Architect (1973)

R. Koolhaas, Delirious New York (1978)

A. Kopp, L’Architecture de la période Stalinienne (1978)

S. Kostof, The Third Rome 1870–1950: Traffic and Glory (1973)

L. Krier, et al., Albert Speer: Architecture 1932–1942 (2013)

C. Krinsky, The International Competition for a New Administration

Building for the Chicago Tribune MCMXXII (1923)

— Rockefeller Center (1978)

B. Miller Lane, Architecture and Politics in Germany 1918–1945 (1968)

L.O. Larsson, Die Neugestaltung der Reichshauptstadt/Albert Speer’s

General-bebauungsplan für Berlin (1978)

— and L. Krier, eds, Albert Speer (1985)

F.F. Lisle, ‘Chicago’s Century of Progress Exposition: The Moderne or

Democratic, Popular Culture’, JSAH, October 1972

J.C. Loeffler, The Architecture of Diplomacy: Building America’s

Embassies (1998)

B. Lubetkin, ‘Soviet Architecture, Notes on Development from 1932–

1955’, AAJ, September–October 1956, 89

A. Lunacharsky, On Literature and Art (1973)

W. March, Bauwerk Reichssportfeld (1936)

T. Metcalf, An Imperial Vision: Indian Architecture and Britain’s Raj

(1989)
D. Neumann and K. Swiler Champa, Architecture of the Night: The
Illuminated Building (2002)

W. Oechslin, ‘Mythos zwischen Europa und Amerika’, Archithese, 20,

1977, 4–11

E.A. Park, New Background for a New Age (1927)

A.G. Rabinach, ‘The Aesthetics of Production in the Third Reich’,

Journal of Contemporary History, 11, 1976, 43–74

H. Hope Reed, ‘The Need for Monumentality?’, Perspecta, 1, 1950

H. Rimpl, Ein deutsches Flugzeugwerk. Die Heinkel-Werke

Oranienburg, text by H. Mackler (1939)

D. Rivera, Portrait of America (1963) [ills. of Rivera’s RCA mural, 40–

47]

C. Sambricio, ‘Spanish Architecture 1930–1940’, 9H, no. 4, 1982, 39–

43

W. Schäche, ‘Nazi Architecture and its Approach to Antiquity’, AD,

November–December 1983, 81–88

P. Schultze-Naumburg, Kunst und Rasse (1928)

A. Speer, Inside the Third Reich, Memoirs (1970)

— Spandau: The Secret Diaries (1976)

— Architektur 1933–1942 (1978) [documentation of Speer’s work, with

essays by K. Arndt, G.F. Koch and L.O. Larsson]

— and R. Wolters, Neue deutsche Baukunst (1941)

R. Stern, Raymond M. Hood (IAUS Cat. no. 15, New York, 1982)

M. Tafuri, ‘La dialectique de l’absurde Europe-USA: les avatars de

l’idéologie du gratte-ciel 1918–1974’. L’Architecture d’Aujourd’hui,
no. 178, March/April 1975, 1–16

— ‘Neu Babylon’, Archithese, 20, 1977, 12–24

R.R. Taylor, The Word in Stone. The Role of Architecture in National

Socialist Ideology (1974)
 A. Teut, ed., Architektur im Dritten Reich 1933–1945 (1967) [the largest
documentation assembled to date]

G. Troost, Das Bauen im neuen Reich (1943)

J. Tyrwhitt, J.L. Sert and E.N. Rogers, The Heart of the City (1952)

G. Veronesi, Style and Design 1909–29 (1968)

A. von Senger, Krisis der Architektur (1928)

— Die Brandfackel Moskaus (1931)

— Mord an Apollo (1935)

A. Voyce, Russian Architecture (1948)

G. Wangerin and G. Weiss, Heinrich Tessenow, Leben, Lehre, Werk

1876–1950 (1976)

B. Warner, ‘Berlin – The Nordic Homeland and Corruption of Urban

Spectacle’, AD, November–December 1983, 73–80

W. Weisman, ‘A New View of Skyscraper History’, The Rise of an

American Architecture, ed. E. Kaufmann Jr (1970)

B. Wolfe, The Fabulous Life of Diego Rivera (1963)[details of Rivera’s

work on the RCA Building, 317–34]

Chapter 27
Le Corbusier and the Monumentalization of the Vernacular
1930–60
S. Adshead, ‘Camillio Sitte and Le Corbusier’, Town Planning Review,
XIV, November 1930, 35–94

E. Billeter, Le Corbusier – Secret (Musée Cantonal des Beaux Arts,

Lausanne, 1987)

C. Correa, ‘The Assembly, Chandigarh’, AR, June 1964, 404–12

M.A. Couturier, letter to Le Corbusier, 28 July 1953, repro. in J. Petit,

Un couvent de Le Corbusier (1961), 23 [trans. in separate booklet
obtainable from La Tourette]
A. Eardley and J. Ouberie, Le Corbusier’s Firminy Church (IAUS Cat.
no. 14, New York, 1981)

N. Evenson, Chandigarh (1966)

— Le Corbusier: The Machine and the Grand Design (1969)

R. Gargiani, Le Corbusier, A. Rosellini and S. Piccolo, Le Corbusier:

Béton Brut and Ineffable Space, 1940–1965 (2011)

M. Ghyka, ‘Le Corbusier’s Modulor and the Conception of the Golden

Mean’, AR, CIII, February 1948, 39–42

A. Gorlin, ‘Analysis of the Governor’s Palace at Chandigarh’,

Oppositions, 16/17, 1980

A. Greenberg, ‘Lutyens’ Architecture Restudied’, Perspecta, 12, 1969,

148

S.K. Gupta, ‘Chandigarh. A Study of Sociological Issues and Urban

Development in India’, Occasional Papers, no. 9, Univ. of
Waterloo, Canada, 1973

F.G. Hutchins, The Illusion of Permanence. British Imperialism in India

(1967)

R. Furneaux Jordan, Le Corbusier (1972) [esp. 146–47, ‘Building for

Christ’]

Le Corbusier, Des canons, des munitions? Merci! Des logis … S.V.P.

(1938)

— L’Unité d’habitation de Marseilles (1950) [trans. as The Marseilles

Block (1953)]

— Le Corbusier Sketchbooks, vol. 2, 1950–54, vol. 3, 1954–57, vol. 4,

1957–64 (1982)

— and P. Jeanneret, ‘Villa de Mme. H. de Mandrot’, in Oeuvre

complète (1929–34), vol. 2 (1935), 59

— and P. Jeanneret, ‘Petites Maisons: 1935. Maison aux Mathes

(Océan)’, in Oeuvre complète (1934–38), vol. 3 (1939), 135
 — and P. Jeanneret, ‘Petites Maisons: 1935. Une maison de week-end
en banlieue de Paris’, Oeuvre complète (1934–38), vol. 3 (1939),
125

N. Matossian, Xenakis (1986) [an account of the life of the Greek

composer–architect who worked with Le Corbusier]

R. Moore, Le Corbusier, Myth and Meta-Architecture (1977)

S. Nilsson, The New Capitals of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh (1973)

C. Palazzolo and R. Via, In the Footsteps of Le Corbusier (1991)

A. Roth, La Nouvelle Architecture (1940)

C. Rowe, ‘Dominican Monastery of La Tourette, Eveux-sur-Arbresle,

Lyons’, AR, June 1961, 400–10

— ‘Neo-“Classicism” and Modern Architecture II’, in The Mathematics

of the Ideal Villa and Other Essays (1976), 94

J. Stirling, ‘From Garches to Jaoul. Le Corbusier as Domestic Architect

in 1927 and in 1953’, AR, September 1955

— ‘Le Corbusier’s Chapel and the Crisis of Rationalism’, AR, March

1956, 161

A.M. Vogt, Le Corbusier, The Noble Savage: Toward an Archaeology of

Modernism (2000)

R. Walden, ed., The Open Hand: Essays on Le Corbusier (1977)

I. Žaknić, Le Corbusier – Pavillon Suisse: The Biography of a Building

(2004)

Chapter 28
Mies van der Rohe and the Monumentalization of Technique
1933–67
R. Banham, ‘Almost Nothing is Too Much’, AR, August 1962, 125–28

J.F.F. Blackwell, ‘Mies van der Rohe – Bibliography’ (Univ. of London

Librarianship Diploma thesis, 1964, deposited in British
Architectural Library, London)
P. Blake, Mies van der Rohe: Architecture and Structure (1960)

W. Blaser, Mies van der Rohe – The Art of Structure (1965)

P. Carter, ‘Mies van der Rohe: An Appreciation on the Occasion, This

Month, of His 75th Birthday’, AD, 31, no. 3, March 1961, 108

— Mies van der Rohe at Work (1974)

A. Drexler, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (1960)

L.W. Elliot, ‘Structural News: USA, The Influence of New Techniques

on Design’, AR, April 1953, 251–60

D. Erdman and P.C. Papademetriou, ‘The Museum of Fine Arts,

Houston, 1922–1972’, Architecture at Rice, 28 (1976)

L. Hilberseimer, Contemporary Architecture. Its Roots and Trends

(1964)

S. Honey, ‘Mies at the Bauhaus’, AAQ, X, no. 1, 1978, 51–69

P. Johnson, ‘1950: Address to Illinois Institute of Technology’, in Mies

van der Rohe (3rd edn, 1978), 203

P. Lambert, Mies in America (2001)

— and B. Bergdoll, Building Seagram (2013)

D. Lohan, ‘Mies van der Rohe: Farnsworth House, Plano, Illinois 1945–
50’, Global Architecture Detail, no. 1, 1976 [critical essay and
complete working details of the house]

D. Mertins, Mies (2014)

L. Mies van der Rohe, ‘Mies Speaks’, AR, December 1968, 451–52

— ‘Technology and Architecture’, Programs and Manifestoes on 20th-

century Architecture, ed. U. Conrads (1970), 154 [extract from an
address given at the IIT, 1950]

R. Miller, ed., Four Great Makers of Modern Architecture: Gropius, Le

Corbusier, Mies van der Rohe, Wright (1963) [mimeographed record
of a seminar at Columbia Univ., important for reference to Mies’s
idea of his debt to the Russian avant garde]
 C. Norberg-Schulz, ‘Interview with Mies van der Rohe’, L’Architecture
d’Aujourd’hui, September 1958

M. Pawley, Mies van der Rohe (1970)

C. Rowe, ‘Neoclassicism and Modern Architecture’, Oppositions, 1,

1973, 1–26

— ‘Neo-“Classicism” and Modern Architecture II’, in The Mathematics

of the Ideal Villa and Other Essays (1976), 149

J. Winter, ‘The Measure of Mies’, AR, February 1972, 95–105

Chapter 29
The Eclipse of the New Deal: Buckminster Fuller, Philip
Johnson and Louis Kahn 1934–64
R. Banham, ‘On Trial 2, Louis Kahn, the Buttery Hatch Aesthetic’, AR,
March 1962, 203–06

C. Bonnefoi, ‘Louis Kahn and Minimalism’, Oppositions, 24, 1981, 3–

25

J. Burton, ‘Notes from Volume Zero: Louis Kahn and the Language of
God’, Perspecta, 20, 1983, 69–90

I. de Solà-Morales, ‘Louis Kahn: An Assessment’, 9H, no. 5, 1983, 8–

12

M. Emery, ed., ‘Louis I. Kahn’, L’Architecture d’Aujourd’hui, no. 142,

February–March 1969 (special issue)

E. Fratelli, ‘Louis Kahn’, Zodiac America, no. 8, April–June 1982, 17

R.B. Fuller, ‘Dymaxion House’, Architectural Forum, March 1932,

285–86

R. Gargiani and S. Piccolo, Louis I. Kahn: Exposed Concrete and

Hollow Stones, 1949–1959 (2014)

R. Giurgola and J. Mehta, Louis I. Kahn (1975)

H.-R. Hitchcock, ‘Current Work of Philip Johnson’, Zodiac, 8, 1961,

64–81
J. Hochstim, The Paintings and Sketches of Louis I. Kahn (1991)

W. Huff, ‘Louis Kahn: Assorted Recollections and Lapses into

Familiarities’, Little Journal (Buffalo), September 1981

J. Huxley, TVA, Adventure in Planning (1943)

J. Jacobus, Philip Johnson (1962)

P. Johnson, Machine Art (1934)

— ‘House at New Canaan, Connecticut’, AR, September 1950, 152–59

R. Furneaux Jordan, ‘US Embassy, Dublin’, AR, December 1964, 420–

25

W.H. Jordy, ‘The Formal Image: USA’, AR, March 1960, 157–64

— ‘Medical Research Building for Pennsylvania University’, AR,

February 1961, 99–106

— ‘Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Texas/Library, Philips Exeter

Academy, Andover, New Hampshire’, AR, June 1974, 318–42

— ‘Art Centre, Yale University’, AR, July 1977, 37–44

L. Kahn, ‘On the Responsibility of the Architect’, Perspecta, The Yale

Architectural Journal, no. 2, 1953, 47

— ‘Toward a Plan for Midtown Philadelphia’, Perspecta, The Yale

Architectural Journal, no. 2, 1953, 23

— ‘Form and Design’, AD, no. 4, 1961, 145–54

— S. Von Moos, M. Kries and J. Eisenbrand, Louis Kahn: The Power of

Architecture (2012)

A. Komendant, 18 Years with Architect Louis Kahn (1975)

A. Latour, ed., Louis I. Kahn Writings, Lectures, Interviews (1991) [a

further compilation of Kahn’s written legacy]

J. Lobell, Between Silence and Light: Spirit in the Architecture of Louis

I. Kahn (1985)

G.H. Marcus and W. Whitaker, The Houses of Louis Kahn (2013)

 R.W. Marks, The Dymaxion World of Buckminster Fuller (1960) [still
the most comprehensive documentation of Fuller’s work]

R. McCarter, Louis I. Kahn (2005)

J. McHale, ed., ‘Richard Buckminster Fuller’, AD, July 1967 (special

issue)

J. Mellor, ed., The Buckminster Fuller Reader (1970)

E. Mock, Built in USA: 1932–1944 (1945)

D. Myhra, ‘Rexford Guy Tugwell: Initiator of America’s Greenbelt New

Towns 1935–1936’, Journal of the American Institute of Planners,
XL, no. 3, May 1974, 176–88

T. Nakamura, ed., Louis I. Kahn ‘Silence & Light’ (1977) [a complete

documentation of Kahn’s work with articles by Kahn, Scully, Doshi,
Maki, etc.]

H. Hope Reed, ‘The Need for Monumentality?’, Perspecta, 1, 1950

— ‘Monumental Architecture or the Art of Pleasing in Civic Design’,

Perspecta, The Yale Architectural Journal, no. 1, 1952, 51

H. Ronner, S. Jhaveri and A. Vasella, Louis I. Kahn, Complete Works

1935–74 (1977) [awkward format, but the most comprehensive
documentation of Kahn’s work to date]

A. Rosellini and S. Piccolo, Louis I. Kahn: Towards the Zero Degree of

Concrete, 1960–1974 (2014)

P. Santostefano, Le Mackley Houses di Kastner e Stonorov a

Philadelphia (1982)

V. Scully, ed., Louis Kahn Archive, 7 vols (1987/88) [a compilation of

the complete archive held in Pennsylvania Univ.]

A. Tyng, Beginnings, Louis I. Kahn’s Philosophy of Architecture (1983)

R.S. Wurman, What Will Be Has Always Been: The Wonder of Louis I.
Kahn (1986) [collection of Kahn’s writings, lectures, etc.]

P. Zucker, ed., New Architecture and City Planning (1945), esp. 577–88

Part III: Critical Transformations 1925–90

Chapter 1
The International Style: Theme and Variations 1925–65
P. Adam, Eileen Gray: Architect/Designer (1987)

R. Banham, The New Brutalism (1966)

M. Bill, ‘Report on Brazil’, AR, October 1954, 238, 239

W. Boesiger, Richard Neutra, Buildings and Projects, I, 1923–50 (1964)

O. Bohigas, ‘Spanish Architecture of the Second Republic’, AAQ, III,

no. 4, October–December 1971, 28–45

K. Bone, et al., Lessons from Modernism: Environmental Design

Strategies in Architecture, 1925–1970 (2014)

A.H. Brooks, ‘PSFS: A Source for its Designs’, JSAH, XXVII, no. 4,
December 1968, 299

L. Campbell, ‘The Good News Days’, AR, September 1977, 177–83

F. Chaslin, J. Drew, I. Smith, J.C. Garcias and M.K. Meade, Berthold

Lubetkin (1981)

P. Coe and M. Reading, Lubetkin and Tecton: Architecture and Social

Commitment (1981)

J.L. Cohen, ‘Mallet Stevens et I’U.A.M. comment frapper les masses?’

AMC, 41, March 1977, 19

D. Cottam, et al., Sir Owen Williams 1890–1969 (1986)

A. Cox, ‘Highpoint Two, North Hill, Highgate’, Focus, 11, 1938, 79

W. Curtis, ‘Berthold Lubetkin’, AAQ, VII, no. 3, 1976, 33–39

E.M. Czaja, ‘Antonin Raymond: Artist and Dreamer’, AAJ, LXXVIII,

no. 864, August 1962 (special issue)

O. Dostál, J. Pechar and V. Procházka, Modern Architecture in

Czechoslovakia (1970)

S. Eliovson, The Gardens of Roberto Burle Marx (1991)

D. Gebhard, An Exhibition of the Architecture of R.M. Schindler 1887–
1953 (Santa Barbara, 1967)

— Schindler (1971)

S. Giedion, A Decade of New Architecture (1951)

C. Grohn, Gustav Hassenpflug 1907–1977 (1985)

K.G.F. Helfrich and W. Whitaker, eds, Crafting a Modern World: the

Architecture and Design of Antonin and Noémi Raymond (2006)

G. Herbert, ‘Le Corbusier and the South African Movement’, AAQ, IV,
no. 1, Winter 1972, 16–30

G. Hildebrand, Designing for Industry: The Architecture of Albert Kahn

(1974)

H.-R. Hitchcock and C.K. Bauer, Modern Architecture in England

(1937)

— ‘England and the Outside World’, AAJ, LXXII, no. 806, November
1956, 96–97

— and P. Johnson, The International Style: Architecture Since 1922

(1932)

B. Housden and A. Korn, ‘Arthur Korn. 1891 to the present day’, AAJ,
LXXIII, no. 817, December 1957, 114–35 (special issue) [includes
details of the MARS plan for London]

C. Hubert and L. Stamm Shapiro, William Lescaze (IAUS Cat. no. 16,
New York, 1982)

R. Ind, ‘The Architecture of Pleasure’, AAQ, VIII, no. 3, 1976, 51–59

— Emberton (1983)

A. Jackson, The Politics of Architecture (1967)

S. Johnson, Eileen Gray: Designer 1879–1976 (1979)

R. Furneaux Jordan, ‘Lubetkin’, AR, July 1955, 36–44

L.W. Lanmon, William Lescaze, Architect (1987)

Le Corbusier and P. Jeanneret, Oeuvre complète, vol. 1 (9th edn, 1967)

E. Liskar, E.A. Plischke (1983) [with introduction by F. Kurrent]

B. Lore, Eileen Gray 1879–1976. Architecture, Design (1984)

J.C. Martin, B. Nicholson and N. Gabo, Circle (1971)

K. Mayekawa, ‘Thoughts on Civilization in Architecture’, AD, May

1965, 229–30

E. McCoy, ‘Letters between R.M. Schindler and Richard Neutra 1914–

1924’, JSAH, XXXIII, 3, 1974, 219

— Second Generation (1984)

C. Mierop, ed., Louis Herman de Koninck: Architect of Modern Times

(1989)

K. Mihály, Bohuslav Fuchs (1987)

A. Morance, Encyclopédie de l’architecture de constructions moderne,

XI (1938) [includes major pavilions from the Paris Exhibition of
1937, notably those by the Catalan architects Sert and Lacasa and
the Czech architect Kreskar]

R. Neutra, Wie Baut Amerika? (1927)

— Amerika – Neues Bauen in der Welt, no. 2 (1930)

— Mystery and Realities of the Site (1951)

— Survival Through Design (1954)

— ‘Human Setting in an Industrial Civilization’, Zodiac, 2, 1957, 68–75

— Life and Shape (1962)

V. Newhouse, Wallace K. Harrison (1989)

A. Olgyay and V. Olgyay, Solar Control and Shading Devices (1957)

D. O’Neil, ‘The High and Low Art of Rudolf Schindler’, AR, April
1973, 241–46

M. Ottó, Farkas Molnar (1987)

S. Papadaki, The Work of Oscar Niemeyer, I (1950)

— Oscar Niemeyer: Works in Progress (1956)

G. Peichl and V. Slapeta, Czech Functionalism 1918–1938 (1987)

S. Polyzoides and P. Koulermos, ‘Schindler: 5 Houses’, A+U,

November 1975

J. Pritchard, View from a Long Chair (1984)[memoirs of the MARS

group in the 1930s]

A. Raymond, Antonin Raymond. Architectural Details (1947)

— Antonin Raymond. An Autobiography (1973)

J.M. Richards,’Criticism/Royal Festival Hall’ AR, June 1951, 355–58

(special issue)

T. Riley and J. Abram, The Filter of Reason: The Work of Paul Nelson
(1990)

J. Rosa, Albert Frey (1989) [the first study of this Swiss émigré
architect]

A. Roth, La Nouvelle Architecture (1940)

— Architect of Continuity (1985)

Y. Safran, ‘La Pelle’, 9H, no. 8, 1989, 155–56

A. Sarnitz, R.M. Schindler, Architect 1887–1953 (1989)

J.L. Sert, Can Our Cities Survive? (1947)

M. Steinmann, ‘Neuer Blick auf die “Charte d’Athènes”’, Archithese, 1,

1972, 37–46

— ‘Political Standpoints in CIAM 1928–1933’, AAQ, IV, no. 4,

October–December 1972, 49–55

T. Stevens, ‘Connell, Ward and Lucas, 1927–1939’, AAJ, LXXII, no.

806, November 1956, 112–13 [special number devoted to the firm,
including a catalogue raisonné of their entire work]
 D.B. Stewart, The Making of a Modern Japanese Architecture 1868 to
the Present (1987) [the best comprehensive account of the early
Japanese Modern Movement]

K. Tange, ‘An Approach to Tradition’, The Japan Architect (January–

February 1959), 55

D. Van Postel, ‘The Poetics of Comfort – George and William Keck’,

Archis, 12 December 1988, 18–32

M. Vellay and K. Frampton, Pierre Chareau (1984; trans. 1986)

E. Vivoni Farage, Klumb: Una Arquitectura De Impronta Social = An

Architecture of Social Concern (2006)

L. Wodehouse, ‘Lescaze and Dartington Hall’, AAQ, VII, no. 2, 1976,

3–14

F.R.S. Yorke, The Modern House (1934)

— The Modern Flat (1937) [general coverage of International Style

apartments, including GATEPAC block, Barcelona]

Chapter 2
New Brutalism and the Architecture of the Welfare State:
England 1949–59
L. Alloway, This is Tomorrow (exh. cat., Whitechapel Gallery, London,
1956)

R. Banham, ‘The New Brutalism’, AR, December 1955, 355–62

[important for the Neo-Palladian analysis of the Smithsons’
Coventry project]

— ‘Polemic before Kruschev’, in The New Brutalism (1966), 11

F. Bollerey and J. Sabaté, ‘Cornelis van Eesteren’, UR 8, Barcelona,

1989

J. Bosman, S. Georgiadis, D. Huber, W. Oechslin, et al., Sigfried

Giedion 1888–1968: der Entwurf einer modernen Tradition (GTA,
Zürich, 1989)

F. Burkhardt, ed., Jean Prouvé, ‘constructeur’ (exh. cat., Centre

Pompidou, Paris, 1990)
P. Collymore, The Architecture of Ralph Erskine (1982)

T. Crosby, ed., Uppercase, 3 (1954) [important document of the period

featuring the Smithsons’ presentation at the CIAM Congress in Aix-
en-Provence; also contains a short text and collection of photos by
N. Henderson]

E. de Maré, ‘Et Tu, Brute’, AR, August 1956, 72

P. Eisenman, ‘Real and English: The Destruction of the Box. 1’,

Oppositions, 4, October 1974, 5–34

K. Frampton, ‘Leicester University Engineering Laboratory’, AD,

XXXIV, no. 2, 1964, 61

— ‘The Economist and the Hauptstadt’, AD, February 1965, 61–62

— ‘Stirling’s Building’, Architectural Forum, November 1968

— ‘Andrew Melville Hall, St Andrews University, Scotland’, AD, XL,

no. 9, 1970, 460–62

S. Georgiadis, Sigfried Giedion. Eine Intellektuelle Biographie (GTA,

Zürich, 1989)

M. Girouard, ‘Florey Building, Oxford’, AR, CLII, no. 909, 1972, 260–
77

W. Howell and J. Killick, ‘Obituary: The Work of Edward Reynolds’,

AAJ, LXXIV, no. 289, February 1959, 218–23

P. Johnson, ‘Comment on School at Hunstanton, Norfolk’, AR,

September 1954, 148–62 [gives an extensive documentation]

L. Martin, Buildings and Ideas 1933–1983: The Studio of Leslie Martin

& Associates (1983)

A. and P. Smithson, ‘The New Brutalism’, AR, April 1954, 274–75 [1st
pub. of Soho house]

M. Tafuri, ‘L’Architecture dans le boudoir’, Oppositions, 3, May 1974,

37–62
Chapter 3
The Vicissitudes of Ideology: CIAM and Team X, Critique
and Counter-critique 1928–68
G. Candilis, Planning and Design for Leisure (1972)

U. Conrads, ‘CIAM: La Sarraz Declaration’, in Programs and

Manifestoes on 20th-century Architecture, trans. M. Bullock (1971),
109, 110

G. de Carlo, ‘Legitimizing Architecture. The Revolt and The Frustration

of the School of Architecture’, Forum, vol. 23, April 1972, 12

G. Eszter, A CIAM Magyar Csoportja, 1928–1938 (Akadémiai Kiadó,

Budapest, 1972)

K. Frampton, ‘Des Vicissitudes de I’idéologie’, L’Architecture

d’Aujourd’hui, no. 177, January–February 1975, 62–65 [in Eng. and
French]

O. Newman, ‘Aldo van Eyck: Is Architecture Going to Reconcile Basic

Values?’, in CIAM ’59 in Otterlo (1961), 27

— ‘Oscar Newman: A Short Revire of CIAM Activity’, in CIAM ’59 in

Otterlo (1961), 16

A. Smithson, Team 10 Primer (1968)

— Ordinariness and Light: Urban Theories 1952–60 (1970)

— Urban Structuring (1970)

— ed., Team 10 Meetings (1991)

— and P. Smithson, ‘Louis Kahn’, Architects’ Year Book, IX (1960),

102–18

M. Steinmann, ‘Political Standpoints in CIAM 1928–1933’, AAQ,

Autumn 1972, 49–55

— CIAM Dokumente 1928–1939 (ETH/GTA 15, Basel and Stuttgart

1979)

Team 10, M. Risselada and D. van den Heuvel, Team 10: 1953–81, In
Search of a Utopia of the Present (2005)
 S. Woods, ‘Urban Environment: The Search for a System’, in World
Architecture/One (1964), 150–54

— ‘Frankfurt: The Problems of A City in the Twentieth Century’, in

World Architecture/One (1964), 156

— Candilis Josic and Woods (1968)

Chapter 4
Place, Production and Scenography: International Theory
and Practice since 1962
F. Achleitner, ‘Viennese Positions’, Lotus, 29, 1981, 5–27

Y. Alain-Bois, ‘On Manfredo Tafuri’s “Théorie et histoire de

l’architecture”’, Oppositions, 11, Winter 1977, 118–23

Arata Isozaki Atelier, ‘Fukuoka Sogo Bank Nagasumi Branch’, The

Japan Architect, vol. 47, no. 8–188, August 1972, 59

H. Arendt, The Human Condition (1958)

G.C. Argan, ‘On the Typology of Architecture’, AD, December 1963,

564, 565

P. Arnell, ed., Frank Gehry Buildings and Projects (1985)

— T. Bickford and C. Rowe, James Stirling, Buildings and Projects

(1984)

— T. Bickford, K. Wheeler and V. Scully, Michael Graves, Buildings

and Projects 1966–1981 (1983)

O.N. Arup and N. Tonks, Ove Arup: Philosophy of Design: Essays

1942–1981 (2012)

C. Aymonino, Origine e sviluppo della urbanistica moderna (1965)

R. Banham, Theory and Design in the First Machine Age (1960)

— N. Foster and L. Butt, Foster Associates (1979)

J. Baudrillard, The Mirror of Production (1975)[trans. of Le Miroir de

la Production (1972)]

— L’Effet Beaubourg: implosion et dissuasion (1977)

B. Bergdoll, P. Christensen and R. Broadhurst, Home Delivery:
Fabricating the Modern Dwelling (2008)

M. Bill, ‘The Bauhaus Idea From Weimar to Ulm’, Architects’

Yearbook, 5, 1953

— Form, Function, Beauty = Gestalt (2010)

W. Blaser, After Mies: Mies van der Rohe – Teaching and Principles
(1977)

I. Bohning, ‘Like Fishes in the Sea; Autonomous

Architecture/Replications’, Daidalos, 2, 1981, 13–24

A. Bonito Oliva, ed., Transavantgarde (1983)

G. Bonsiepe, ‘Communication and Power’, Ulm, 21, April 1968, 16

G. Broadbent, ‘The Taller of Bofill’, AR, November 1973, 289–97

N.S. Brown, ‘Siedlung Halen and the Eclectic Predicament’, in World

Architecture/One (1964), 165–67

G. Brown-Manrique, O.M. Ungers: Works in Progress 1976–1980

(IAUS Cat. no. 17, New York, 1981)

J. Buch, ‘A Rich Spatial Experience’, in 1989–1990 Yearbook.

Architecture in The Netherlands (1990), 62

P.L. Cervellati and R. Scannarini, Bologna: politica e metodologia del

restauro nei centri storici (1973)

S. Chermayeff and C. Alexander, Community and Privacy: Towards a

New Architecture of Humanism (1963)

A. Colquhoun, ‘The Modern Movement in Architecture’, The British

Journal of Aesthetics, 1962

— ‘Literal and Symbolic Aspects of Technology’, AD, November 1962

— ‘Typology and Design Method’, in Meaning in Architecture, ed. C.

Jencks and G. Baird (1969), 279

— ‘Centraal Beheer’, Architecture Plus, September/October 1974, 49–

54
— Essays in Architectural Criticism: Modern Architecture and
Historical Change (1981)

U. Conrads, ‘Wall-buildings – as a Concept of Urban Order. On the

Projects of Ralph Erskine’, Daidalos, 7, 1983, 103–06

P. Cook, Architecture: Action and Plan (1967)

C. Davis, High Tech Architecture (1988)

G. de Carlo, An Architecture of Participation (1972)

— ‘Reflections on the Present State of Architecture’, AAQ, X, no. 2,

1978, 29–40

R. Delevoy, Rational Architecture/Rationelle 1978: The Reconstruction

of the European City 1978 (1978)

G. della Volpe, ‘The Crucial Question of Architecture Today’, in

Critique of Taste (1978) [trans. of Critica del gusto (1960)]

I. de Solà-Morales, ‘Critical Discipline’, Oppositions, 23, 1981

M. Dini, Renzo Piano: Projets et architectures 1964–1983 (1983)

P. Drew, The Third Generation: The Changing Meaning In Architecture

(1972)

— Frei Otto: Form and Structure (1976)

A. Drexler, Transformations in Modern Architecture (1979)

P. Eisenman, ‘Biology Centre for the Goethe University of Frankfurt’,

Assemblage 5, February 1988, 29–50

R. Evans, ‘Regulation and Production’, Lotus, 12, September 1976, 6–

15

— ‘Figures, Doors and Passages’, AD, April 1978, 267–78

N. Foster, ‘Hong Kong and Shanghai Headquarters’, in Norman Foster,

vol. 2 (2002), 110

M. Foucault, Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison (1977)

[trans. of Surveiller et punir, naissance de la prison (1975)]
K. Frampton, ‘America 1960–1970. Notes on Urban Images and
Theory’, Casabella, 359–360, XXV, 1971, 24–38

— ‘Criticism’, Five Architects (1972) [critical analysis of the New York

Neo-Rationalist school at the time of its formation, the ‘five’ being:
P. Eisenman, M. Graves, C. Gwathmey, J. Hejduk and R. Meier]

— ‘Apropos Ulm: Curriculum and Critical Theory’, Oppositions, 3,

May 1974, 17–36

— ‘John Hejduk and the Cult of Humanism’, A+U, 75:05, May 1975,
141, 142

— Modern Architecture and the Critical Present, AD, 1982 (special

issue)

— and D. Burke, Rob Krier: Urban Projects 1968–1982 (IAUS Cat. no.
5, New York, 1982)

Y. Friedman, ‘Towards a Mobile Architecture’, AD, November 1963,

509, 510

Y. Futagawa, ed., ‘Zaha M. Hadid’, Global Architecture, no. 5, 1986

M. Gandelsonas, ‘Neo-Functionalism’, Oppositions, 5, Summer 1976

S. Giedion, ‘Jørn Utzon and the Third Generation’, Zodiac, 14, 1965,
34–47, 68–93

G. Grassi, La Costruzione logica dell’architettura (1967)

— ‘Avantgarde and Continuity’, Oppositions, 21, 1980

— ‘The Limits of Architecture’, in Classicism is not a Style, AD, 1982

(special issue)

— ‘Form Liberated, Never Sought. On the Problem of Architectural

Design’, Daidalos, 7, 1983, 24–36

— L’Architecture comme un métier (1984)

V. Gregotti and O. Bohigas, ‘La passion d’Alvaro Siza’, L’Architecture

d’Aujourd’hui, no. 185, May/June 1976, 42–57

R. Guess, The Idea of a Critical Theory: Habermas and the Frankfurt

School (1981)
J. Guillerme, ‘The Idea of Architectural Language: A Critical Inquiry’,
Oppositions, 10, Autumn 1977, 21–26

J. Habermas, ‘Technology and Science as Ideology’, in Toward a

Rational Society (1970) [trans. of Technik und Wissenschaft als
Ideologie (1968)]

— ‘Modern and Post-Modern Architecture’, 9H, no. 4, 1982, 9–14

— ‘Modernity – an Incomplete Project’, in The Anti-Aesthetic: Essays

on Postmodern Culture, ed. H. Foster (1983)

N.J. Habraken, Supports: An Alternative to Mass Housing (1972)

M. Heidegger, ‘Building, Dwelling and Thinking’, in Poetry, Language

and Thought (1971)

H. Hertzberger, ‘Form and Programme are Reciprocally Evocative’,

Forum, July 1967, 5

— ‘Place, Choice and Identity’, in World Architecture/Four (1967), 73–

74

— ‘Architecture for People’, A+U, 77:03, March 1977, 124–46

— Lessons for Students in Architecture (1991)

— Herman Hertzberger – Architecture and Structuralism (2014)

T. Herzog, Pneumatische Konstruktion (1976)

B. Huet and M. Gangneux, ‘Formalisme, Realisme’, L’Architecture

d’Aujourd’Hui, no. 190, 1970

T. Ito, ‘Collage and Superficiality in Architecture’, in A New Wave of

Japanese Architecture, ed. K. Frampton (1978)

M. Jay, The Dialectical Imagination (1973)

C. Jencks, The Language of Post-Modern Architecture (1977, 4th edn,

1984)

P. Johnson and M. Wigley, ‘Mark Wigley: Deconstructivist

Architecture’, in Deconstructivist Architecture (1988), 17

N. Kawazoe, ‘Dream Vision’, AD, October 1964

— Contemporary Japanese Architecture (1965)

L. Krier, ‘The Reconstruction of the City’, Rational Architecture 1978

(1978), 28–44

R. Krier, Stadtraum in Theorie und Praxis (1975)

— Urban Space (1979)

N. Kurokawa, Metabolism in Architecture (1977)

V. Lampugnani, Josef Paul Kleihues (1983)

H. Lindinger, ed., Ulm Design: The Morality of Objects: Hochschule für

Gestaltung, Ulm, 1953–1968 (1990)

T. Llorens, ‘Manfredo Tafuri: Neo Avantgarde and History’, AD, 6/7,

1981

D.S. Lopes, Melancholy and Architecture: on Aldo Rossi (2015)

A. Luchinger, ‘Dutch Structuralism’, A+U, 77:03, March 1977, 47–65

— Herman Hertzberger 1959–1985, Buildings and Projects (1987) [the

complete work up to 1986]

A. Lumsden and T. Nakamura, ‘Nineteen Questions to Anthony

Lumsden’, A+U, no. 51, 75:03, March 1975

J.F. Lyotard, The Post-Modern Condition: A Report on Knowledge

(1984)

A. Mahaddie, ‘Why the Grid Roads Wiggle’, AD, September 1976, 539–
42

F. Maki, Investigations in Collective Form (1964)

— and M. Ohtaka, ‘Some Thoughts on Collective Form’, in Structure in

Art and Science, ed. G. Kepes (1965)

T. Maldonado, Max Bill (1955)

— Design, Nature and Revolution: Towards a Critical Ecology (1972)

[trans. of La Speranza Progettuale (1970)]

— Avanguardia e razionalità (1974)

— and G. Bonsiepe, ‘Science and Design’, Ulm, 10/11, May 1964, 8–9

W. Mangin, ‘Urbanisation Case History in Peru’, AD, August 1963,

366–70

H. Marcuse, Eros and Civilization: A Philosophical Enquiry into Freud

(1962)

G. Marinelli, II Centro Beaubourg a Parigi: ‘Macchina’ e segno

architettonico (1978)

L. Martin, ‘Transpositions: On the Intellectual Origins of Tschumi’s

Architectural Theory’, Assemblage 11, 1990, 23–35

T. Matsunaga, Kazuo Shinohara (IAUS Cat. no. 17, New York, 1982)

R. McCarter, Herman Hertzberger (2015)

M. McLeod, ‘Architecture and Politics in the Reagan Era: From Post-

modernism to Deconstructivism’, Assemblage 8, 1989, 23–59

J. Meller, The Buckminster Fuller Reader (1970)

N. Miller and M. Sorkin, California Counterpoint: New West Coast

Architecture 1982 (IAUX Cat. no. 18, New York, 1982)

A. Moles, Information Theory and Aesthetic Perception (1966)

— ‘Functionalism in Crisis’, Ulm, 19/20, August 1967, 24

R. Moneo, ‘Aldo Rossi: The Idea of Architecture and the Modena

Cemetery’, Oppositions, 5 Summer 1976, 1–30

J. Mukarovsky, ‘On the Problem of Functions in Architecture’, in

Structure, Sign and Function (1978)

T. Nakamura, ‘Foster & Associates’, A+U, 75:09, Sept 1975 (special

issue with essays by R. Banham, C. Jencks, R. Maxwell, etc.)

A. Natalini, Figures of Stone, Quaderni di Lotus No. 3 (1984)

— and Superstudio, ‘Description of the Micro-Event and Micro-

Environment’, in Italy: The New Domestic Landscape.
Achievements and Problems of Italian Design, ed. E. Ambasz
(1972), 242–51
C. Nieuwenhuys, ‘New Babylon: An Urbanism of the Future’, AD, June
1964, 304, 305

G. Nitschke, ‘The Metabolists of Japan’, AD, October 1964

— ‘Akira Shibuya’, AD, 1966

— ‘MA – The Japanese Sense of Place’, AD, March 1966

— ‘Whatever Happened to the Metabolists?: Akira Sibuya’, AD, May

1967, 216

C. Norberg-Schulz, ‘Place’, AAQ, VII, no. 4, 1976, 3–9

H. Ohl, ‘Industrialized Building’, AD, April 1962, 176–85

A. Papadakis, C. Cooke and A. Benjamin, Deconstruction: Omnibus

Volume (1989)

A. Peckham, ‘This is the Modern World’, AD, XLIX, no. 2, 1979, 2–26
[an extended critique of Foster’s Sainsbury Centre]

R. Piano, ‘Architecture and Technology’, AAQ, II, no. 3, July 1970, 32–
43

A. Pike, ‘Failure of Industrialised Building/Housing Program’, AD,

November 1967, 507

J. Prouvé, B. Huber and J.-C. Steinegger, Prefabrication: Structures and

Elements (1971)

B. Reichlin and A.V. Navone, Dalla ‘soluzione elegante’ all’ ‘edificio

aperto’: scritti attorno ad alcune opere di Le Corbusier (2013)

R. Rogers, Architecture: A Modern View (1990)

A. Rossi, L’architettura della città (1966), trans. as The Architecture of

the City (1982)

— ‘An Analogical Architecture’, A+U, 76:05, May 1976, 74–76

— ‘Thoughts About My Recent Work’, A+U, 76:05, May 1976, 83

— A Scientific Autobiography (1982)

C. Rowe and F. Koetter, Collage City (1979)

J. Rykwert, Richard Meier, Architect (I, 1984, II, 1991)

M. Safdie, Beyond Habitat (1970)

V. Savi, ‘The Luck of Aldo Rossi’, A+U, 76:05, May 1976, 105–06

— L’architettura di Aldo Rossi (1978)

C. Schnaidt, ‘Prefabricated Hope’, Ulm, 10/11, May 1964, 8–9

— ‘Architecture and Political Commitment’, Ulm, 19/20, August 1967,

26–34

M. Scogin and M. Elam, ‘Projects for Two Libraries’, Assemblage 7,

October 1988, 57–89

H. Skolimowski, ‘Technology: The Myth Behind the Reality’, AAQ, II,

no. 3, July 1970, 21–31

— ‘Polis and Politics’, AAQ, Autumn 1972, 3–5

A. Smithson, ‘Mat-Building’, AD, September 1974, 573–90

M. Steinmann, ‘Reality as History – Notes for a Discussion of Realism

in Architecture’, A+U, 76:09, September 1976, 31–34

F. Strauven, Aldo Van Eyck: The Shape of Relativity (1998)

Superstudio, ‘Counterdesign as Postulation: Superstudio’, in Italy: The

New Domestic Landscape. Achievements and Problems of Italian
Design, ed. E. Ambasz (1972), 246, 251

M. Tafuri, ‘Design and Technological Utopia’, in Italy: The New

Domestic Landscape. Achievements and Problems of Italian Design,
ed. E. Ambasz (1972), 388–404

— ‘L’architecture dans le boudoir: The Language of Criticism and the

Criticism of Language’, Oppositions, 3, May 1974, 37–62

— Architecture and Utopia: Design and Capitalist Development (1976)

— ‘Main Lines of the Great Theoretical Debate over Architecture and

Urban Planning 1960–1977’, A+U, 79:01, January 1979, 133–54

— The Sphere and the Labyrinth (1987)

 K. Taki, ‘Oppositions: The Intrinsic Structure of Kazuo Shinohara’s
Work’, Perspecta, 20, 1983, 43–60

J. Tanizaki, In Praise of Shadows (1977)

A. Tzonis and L. Lefaivre, ‘The Narcissist Phase in Architecture’,

Harvard Architectural Review, IX, Spring 1980, 53–61

O.M. Ungers, ‘Cities within the City’, Lotus, 19, 1978, 83

— ‘Five Lessons from Schinkel’, in Free-Style Classicism, AD, LII, 1/2,

1982

— ‘The Theme of Transformation or the Morphology of the Gestalt’, in

Architecture as Theme. Lotus Documents (1982), 15

A. van Eyck, ‘Labyrinthine Clarity’, in World Architecture/Three

(1966), 121–22

— ‘Aldo van Eyck: “Même dans notre coeur. Anna was, Livia is,
Plurabelle’s to be”’, Forum, July 1967, 28

— (with P. Parin and F. Morganthaler), ‘Interior Time/A Miracle in

Moderation’, in Meaning in Architecture (1969), 171–73

R. Venturi, Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture (1966)

— D. Scott-Brown and S. Izenour, Learning From Las Vegas (1972)

D. Vesely, ‘Surrealism and Architecture’, AD, no. 2/3, 1978, 87–95

K. Wachsmann, The Turning Point of Building (1961)

M. Webber, ‘Order in Diversity: Community Without Propinquity’ in

Cities in Space, ed. L. Wingo (1963)

S. Woods, The Man in the Street: A Polemic on Urbanism (1975)

Chapter 5
Critical Regionalism: Modern Architecture and Cultural
Identity
A. Alves Costa, ‘Oporto and the Young Architects: Some Clues for a
Reading of the Works’, 9H, no. 5, 1983, 43–60

E. Ambasz, The Architecture of Luis Barragán (1976)

T. Ando, ‘From Self-Enclosed Modern Architecture toward
Universality’, Japan Architect, 301, May 1962, 8–12

— ‘A Wedge in Circumstances’, Japan Architect, June 1977

— ‘New Relations between the Space and the Person’, Japan Architect,
October–November 1977 (special issue on the Japanese New Wave)

— ‘The Wall as Territorial Delineation’, Japan Architect, June 1978

— ‘The Emotionally Made Architectural Spaces of Tadao Ando’, Japan

Architect, April 1980 [contains a number of short seminal texts on
Ando]

— ‘Description of my Works’, Space Design, June 1981 (special issue

on the work of Ando)

E. Antoniadis, Greek Contemporary Architecture (1979)

— ‘Pikionis’ Work Lies Underfoot on Athens Hill’, Landscape

Architecture, March 1979

S. Arango, ed., La Arquitectura en Colombia (1985)

T. Avermaete, ed., OASE #103: Critical Regionalism Revisited (2019)

K. Axelos, Alienation, Praxis and Techné in the Thought of Karl Marx

(1976)

C. Banford-Smith, Builders in the Sun: Five Mexican Architects (1967)

E. Battisti and K. Frampton, Mario Botta: Architecture and Projects in

the 70s (1979)

S. Bettini, ‘L’architettura di Carlo Scarpa’, Zodiac, 6, 1960, 140–87

T. Boga, Tessiner Architekten, Bauten und Entwürfe 1960–1985 (1986)

B. Bognar, ‘Tadao Ando – A Redefinition of Space, Time and

Existence’, AD, May 1981

O. Bohigas, ‘Diseñar para un público o contra un público’, in Contra

una arquitectura adjetivida, ed. Seix Barral (1969)

M. Botero, ‘Italy: Carlo Scarpa the Venetian, Angelo Mangiarotti the

Milanese’, World Architecture, 2 (1965)
M. Botta, ‘Architecture and Environment’, A+U, June 1979, 52

— ‘Architecture and Morality: An Interview with Mario Botta’,

Perspecta, 20, 1983, 199–38

— and M. Zardini, Aurelio Galfetti (1989)

E. Bru and J.L. Mateo, Spanish Contemporary Architecture (1984)

M. Brusatin, ‘Carlo Scarpa, architetto veneziano’, Contraspazio, 3–4,

March–April 1972

T. Carloni, ‘Notizen zu einer Berufschronik. Entwurfs Kollektive 2’, in

Tendenzen: Neuere Architektur im Tessin (1975), 16–21

M.A. Crippa, Carlo Scarpa Theory, Design, Projects (1986)

P.A. Croset, Gino Valle (1982)

F. Dal Co, Mario Botta Architecture 1960–1985 (1987)

— and G. Mazzariol, Carlo Scarpa: The Complete Works (1986)

A. Dimitracopoulou, ‘Dimitris Pikionis’, AAQ, 2/3, 1982, 62

L. Dimitriu, ‘Interview’, Skyline, March 1980

S. Fehn and O. Feld, The Thought of Construction (1983)

L. Ferrario and D. Pastore, Alberto Sartoris/La Casa Morand-Pasteur

(1983)

F. Fonatti, Elemente des Bauens bei Carlo Scarpa (1984)

K. Frampton, ‘Prospects for a Critical Regionalism’, Perspecta, 20,

1983, 147–62

— ‘Towards A Critical Regionalism: Six Points for an Architecture of

Resistance’, in The Anti-Aesthetic. Essays on Post-Modern Culture,
ed. H. Foster (1983), 16–30

— ‘Homage a Coderch’, in R. Diez, Jose Antonio Coderch: Houses (GG

#33) (2005)

— ed., Tadao Ando: Projects, Buildings, Writings (1984)

— ed., Atelier 66 (1985) [on the work of Dimitris and Susana
Antonakakis]

— et al., Manteola, Sánchez, Gómez, Santos, Solsona, Vinoly (1978)

— et al., Alvaro Siza Esquissos de Vagem: Documentos de Arquitectura

(1988)

M. Frascari, ‘The True and Appearance. The Italian Facadism and Carlo
Scarpa’, Daidalos, 6, December 1982, 37–46

— ‘The Tell-the-Tale Detail’, Via (Cambridge), 7, 1984

M. Fry and J. Drew, Tropical Architecture in the Dry and Humid Zones
(1982) [1964]

G. Grassi, ‘Avantgarde and Continuity’, Oppositions, 21, 1980

— ‘The Limits of Architecture’, in Classicism is not a Style, AD, LII,

5/6, 1982

V. Gregotti, ‘Oswald Mathias Ungers’, Lotus, 11, 1976

H.H. Harris, ‘Regionalism and Nationalism’ (Raleigh, N.C., Student

Publication, XIV, no. 5)

H. Huyssens, ‘The Search for Tradition: Avantgarde and Post-

modernism in the 1970s’, New German Critique, 22, 1981, 34

D.I. Ivakhoff, ed., Eladio Dieste (1987) [an account of the work of an
important architect/engineer]

E. Jones, ‘Nationalism and Eclectic Dilemma: Notes on Contemporary

Irish Architecture’, 9H, no. 5, 1983, 81–86

C. Jourdain and D. Lesbet, ‘Algeria: Village Project and Critique’, 9H,

no. 1, 1980, 2–5

L. Knobel, ‘Interview with Mario Botta’, AR, July 1981, 23

A. Konstantinidis, Elements for Self Knowledge: Towards a True

Architecture (1975)

— Aris Konstantinidis: Projects and Buildings (1981)

P. Koulermos, ‘The Work of Konstantinidis’, AD, May 1964

D. Leatherbarrow, Uncommon Ground: Architecture, Technology, and
Topography (2002)

L. Lefaivre and A Tzonis, Critical Regionalism Architecture and Identity

in a Globalised World (2003)

— Architecture of Regionalism in the Age of Globalization: Peaks and

Valleys in the Flat World (2012)

L. Lefaivre, B. Stagno and A. Tzonis, Tropical Architecture: Critical

Regionalism in the Age of Globalization (2001)

K. Liaska, et al., Dimitri Pikionis 1887–1968 (AA Mega publication,

1989) [definitive study]

L. Magagnato, Carlo Scarpa a Castelvecchio (1982)

— ‘Scarpa’s Museum’, Lotus, 35, 1982, 75–85

R. Malcolmson, et al., Amancio Williams (1990)[Spanish edn of the

complete works]

R. Murphy, Carlo Scarpa and the Castelvecchio (1990)

P. Nicholin, Mario Botta 1961–1982 (1983)

C. Norberg-Schulz, ‘Heidegger’s Thinking on Architecture’, Perspecta,

20, 1983, 61–68

— and J.C. Vigalto, Livio Vacchini (1987)

T. Okumura, ‘Interview with Tadao Ando’, Ritual, The Princeton

Journal, Thematic Studies in Architecture, 1, 1983, 126–34

Opus Incertum, Architectures à Porto (1990) [a unique survey of

contemporary architecture in the Porto region, by the Ecole
d’Architecture of Clermont-Ferrand]

S. Özkun, Regionalism in Architecture (1985)

D. Pikionis, ‘Memoirs’, Zygos, January–February 1958, 4–7

D. Porphyrios, ‘Modern Architecture in Greece: 1950–1975’, Design in

Greece, X, 1979

P. Portoghesi, ‘Carlo Scarpa’, Global Architecture (Tokyo), L, 1972

J.M. Richards, et al., Hassan Fathy (1985)

P. Ricoeur, ‘Universal Civilization and National Cultures’, in History

and Truth (1965), 271–84

J. Salgado, Alvaro Siza em Matosinhos (1986) [an intimate account of

Siza’s origins in the city that was the occasion of his earliest works]

A. Samona, F. Tentori and J. Gubler, Progetti e assonometrie di Alberto

Sartoris (1982)

E. Sanquineti, et al., Mario Botta: La casa rotonda (1982)

P.C. Santini, ‘Banco Popolare di Verona by Carlo Scarpa’, GA

Document 4 (Tokyo, 1981)

C. Scarpa, ‘I Wish I Could Frame the Blue of the Sky’, Rassegna, 7,

1981

J. Silvetti, Amancio Williams (1987)

— and W. Seligman, Mario Campi and Franco Pessina, Architects

(1987)

Y. Simeoforidis, ‘The Landscape of an Architectural Competition’,

Tefchos, no. 5, March 1991, 19–27 [a post-mortem on the Acropolis
Museum competition]

A. Siza, ‘To Catch a Precise Moment of the Flittering Image in all its
Shades’, A+U, 123, December 1980

E. Soria Badia, Coderch de Sentmenat (1979)

J. Steele, Hassan Fathy (1988)

M. Steinmann, ‘Wirklichkeit als Geschichte. Stichworte zu einem

Gespräch über Realismus in der Architektur’, in Tendenzen: Neuere
Architektur im Tessin (1975), 9–14 [trans. as ‘Reality as History –
Notes for a Discussion of Realism in Architecture’, A+U, September
1979, 74]

K. Takeyama, ‘Tadao Ando: Heir to a Tradition’, Perspecta, 20, 1983,

163–80

F. Tentori, ‘Progetti di Carlo Scarpa’, Casabella, 222, 1958, 15–16

 P. Testa, ‘Tradition and Actuality in the Antonio Carlos Siza House’,
JAE, vol. 40, no. 4, Summer 1987, 27–30

— ‘Unity of the Discontinuous: Alvaro Siza’s Berlin works’,

Assemblage 2, 1987, 47–61

R. Trevisiol, La casa rotonda (Milan 1982)[documents the development

of the house by Botta]

A. Tzonis and L. Lefaivre, ‘The Grid and the Pathway: An Introduction

to the Work of Dimitris and Susana Antonakakis’, Architecture in
Greece, 15, 1981, 164–78

J. Utzon, ‘Platforms and Plateaus: Ideas of a Danish Architect’, Zodiac,

10, 1962, 112–14

F. Vanlaethem, ‘Pour une architecture épurée et rigoureuse’, ARQ, 14,

Modernité et Régionalisme, August 1983, 16–19

D. Vesely, ‘Introduction’, in Architecture and Continuity (AA Themes

no. 7, London, 1982)

W. Wang, ed., Emerging European Architects (1988)

— and A. Siza, Souto de Moura (1990)

H. Yatsuka, ‘Rationalism’, Space Design, October 1977, 14–15

— ‘Architecture in the Urban Desert: A Critical Introduction to

Japanese Architecture after Modernism’, Oppositions, 23, 1981

I. Zaknic, ‘Split at the Critical Point: Diocletian’s Palace, Excavation vs.

Conservation’, JAE, XXXVI, no. 3, Spring 1983, 20–26

G. Zambonini, ‘Process and Theme in the Work of Carlo Scarpa’,

Perspecta, 20, 1983, 21–42

Part IV: World Architecture and the Modern Movement

K. Frampton, Technology, Place and Architecture: The Jerusalem
Seminar in Architecture (1996)

M. Mostafavi, ed., Aga Khan Award for Architecture 2010 – Implicate

& Explicate (2011)

— Aga Khan Award for Architecture 2013 – Architecture is Life (2013)

 — Aga Khan Award for Architecture 2016 – Architecture and Plurality
(2016)

A. Nanji, ed., Building for Tomorrow: The Aga Khan Award for
Architecture (1994)

J. Steele, ed., Architecture for Islamic Societies Today (1994)

S. Wichmann, ed., World Cultures and Modern Art (1972)

Chapter 1
The Americas: Introduction
B. Bergdoll, ed., Latin America in Construction: Architecture 1955–
1980 (2015)

Documentos de Arquitectura Moderna en América Latina 1950–1965

(2004)

L.E. Carranza and F.L. Lara, Modern Architecture in Latin America:

Art, Technology, and Utopia (2014)

L. Fernández-Galiano, ed., Atlas: Architectures of the 21st Century /

Vol. 2, America (2010)

K. Frampton, Five North American Architects (2012)

— and R. Ingersoll, eds, World Architecture 1900–2000: a Critical

Mosaic / Vol. 1, Canada and the United States (2002)

— and G. Glusberg, eds, World Architecture 1900–2000: a Critical

Mosaic / Vol. 2, Latin America (2002)

J. Plaut, Pulso 2: New Architecture in Latin America (2014)

O. Tenreiro, et al., Sobre arquitectura: conversaciones con Kenneth

Frampton, Oriol Bohigas, Rafael Moneo, Jaume Bach, Gabriel
Mora, Cesar Portela (1990)

United States
H. Arnold, ed., Work/Life: Tod Williams Billie Tsien (2000)

W. Blaser, Architecture and Nature: The Work of Alfred Caldwell

(1984)
S. Chermayeff, Community and Privacy (1963)

B. Collins and J. Robbins, Antoine Predock, Architect (1994)

L. Fernández-Galiano, ed., AV Monografías 196: Carlos Jiménez: 30

Years, 30 Works (2017)

J. Ford, The Modern House in America (1940)

K. Frampton, ed., Another Chance for Housing: Low-rise Alternatives;

Brownsville, Brooklyn, Fox Hills, Staten Island (1973)

— Steven Holl Architect (2007)

— and G. Nordenson, Harry Wolf (1993)

L. Hilberseimer, The New Regional Pattern (1949)

H.R. Hitchcock, Marcel Breuer and the American Tradition in

Architecture (1938) [exh. cat.]

S. Holl, Anchoring (1989)

— Intertwining (1994)

— Parallax (2000)

— and J. Pallasmaa, Rick Joy: Desert Works (2002)

R. McCarter, Louis Kahn (2005)

— Breuer (2016)

MOMA, Five Architects: Eisenman, Graves, Gwathmey, Hejduk and

Meier (1972)

J.L. Sert, Can Our Cities Survive? (1941)

L.S. Shapiro and C. Hubert, William Lescaze, Architekt (1993)

C. Sumi, et al., Konrad Wachsmann and the Grapevine Structure (2018)

K. Wachsmann, The Turning Point of Building (1961)

T. Williams and B. Tsien, The 1998 Charles & Ray Eames Lecture
(1998)
 — Matter (2003)

Canada
E. Baniassad, Shim-Sutcliffe: The Passage of Time (2014)

— and D.S. Hanganu, Dan Hanganu: Works, 1981–2015 (2017)

A. Erickson, The Architecture of Arthur Erickson (1988)

K. Frampton, ed., Patkau Architects (2006)

E. Lam and G. Livesey, Canadian Modern: Fifty Years of Responsive

Architecture (2019)

R. McCarter, The Work of MacKay-Lyons Sweetapple Architects:

Economy as Ethic (2017)

J. McMinn and M. Polo, 41° to 66°: Regional Responses to Sustainable

Architecture in Canada (2005)

M. Quantrill, Plain Modern: The Architecture of Brian MacKay Lyons

(2005)

J. Taylor and J. Andrews, John Andrews: Architecture a Performing Art

(1982)

N. Valentin, Moshie Safdie (2010)

Mexico
M. Adrià and I. Garcés, Biblioteca Vasconcelos Vasconcelos Library
(2007)

W. Attoe, The Architecture of Ricardo Legorreta (1990)

F. Canales, Architecture in Mexico, 1900–2010: the Construction of

Modernity (2013)

L.E. Carranza, Architecture as Revolution: Episodes in the History of

Modern Mexico (2010)

M. Cetto, Modern Architecture in Mexico (1961, repr. 2011)

L.C.G. Franco, Augusto H. Álvarez (2008)

 R. Franklin Unkind, Hannes Meyer in Mexico: 1939–1949 (1997)

M. Goeritz, Manifiesto de la arquitectura emocional (1953)

V. Jimenez, Juan O’Gorman (2004)

R. Legorreta, V. Legorreta and N. Castro, Ricardo Legorreta Architects

(1997)

S.D. Peters, Max Cetto, 1903–1980 (1995)

S. Richardson, Felix Candela, Shell-Builder (1989)

Brazil
E. Andreoli and A. Forty, Brazil’s Modern Architecture (2004)

J.B.V. Artigas, Vilanova Artigas (1997)

R.C. Artigas, Vilanova Artigas (2015)

C. Baglione, ‘MMBB & H+F: Social Housing in San Paolo’, Casabella,

835, March 2014

L. Bo Bardi, Stones Against Diamonds (2013)

— and C. Veikos, Lina Bo Bardi: The Theory of Architectural Practice

(2014)

A. Bucci, The Dissolution of Buildings (2015)

L. Fernández-Galiano, ed., AV Monografías 125: Oscar Niemeyer

(2007)

— AV Monografías 161: Mendes da Rocha 1958–2013 (2013)

— AV Monografías 180: Lina Bo Bardi: 1914–1992 (2015)

G. Ferraz, Warchavchik: 1925 to 1940 (1965)

M.C. Ferraz, ed., Lina Bo Bardi (1994)

P.L. Goodwin, Brazil Builds (1943)

J.F. Lima, A arquitetura de Lelé: fábrica e invenção (2010)

J. Lira, O visível e o invisível na arquitetura brasileira (2017)

 S. Papadaki, Oscar Niemeyer (1950)

— Oscar Niemeyer: Works in Progress (1956)

‘Severiano Mário Porto, Brasil’, Zodiac, 8, September 1992, 236–41

A. Spiro, Paulo Mendes Da Rocha: Works and Projects (2006)

G. Wisnik, Lucio Costa (2007)

Colombia
R.L. Castro, et al., Salmona (1999)

O.J. Mesa, Oscar Mesa: Arquitectura y Ciudad (1997)

G. Téllez, Rogelio Salmona: Obra Completa 1959–2005 (2006)

Venezuela
H. Gómez, Alcock: Works and Projects: 1959–1992 (1992)

S. Moholy-Nagy, Carlos Raul Villanueva and the Architecture of

Venezuela (1964)

O. Tenreiro, et al., Sobre arquitectura: conversaciones con Kenneth

Frampton, Oriol Bohigas, Rafael Moneo, Jaume Bach, Gabriel
Mora, Cesar Portela (1990)

P. Villanueva, et al., Carlos Raúl Villanueva (2000)

G. Wallis Legórburu, C. Guinand Sandoz and C.J. Domínguez, Wallis,

Domínguez y Guinand (1998)

Argentina
F. Alvarez and J. Roig, eds, Antoni Bonet Castellana 1913–1989 (1996)

M. Cuadra and W. Wang, eds, Banco de Londres y América del Sud:

SEPRA and Clorindo Testa (2012)

R. Malcolmson, et al., Amancio Williams (1990)

Nueva Visión, ed., Manteola, Sánchez Gómez, Santos, Solsona, Viñoly

(1978)
 J. Silvetti, Amancio Williams (1987)

A. Williams, Amancio Williams (1990)

Uruguay
S. Anderson, ed., Eladio Dieste: Innovation in Structural Art (2004)

M. Daguerre, A.A. Chiorino and G. Silvestri, Eladio Dieste, 1917–2000

(2003)

E. Dieste, Eladio Dieste: La Estructura Cerámica (1987)

D.I. Ivakhoff, ed., Eladio Dieste (1987)

M. Payssé Reyes, Mario Payssé Reyes: 1913–1988 (1998)

Peru
M. Adrià and P. Dam, OB+RA: Óscar Borasino, Ruth Alvarado: From
the Peruvian Landscape (2017)

F. Foti, Learning Landscapes: a Lecture Building for Piura University

by Barclay & Crousse (2018)

— and F. Cacciatore, Barclay & Crousse (2012)

P. Land, ed., The Experimental Housing Project (PREVI), Lima: Design

and Technology in a New Neighborhood (2015)

Chile
M. Adrià and A. Piovano, Mathias Klotz (2006)

T. Fernández Larrañaga, Teodoro Fernández (2008)

F. Márquez Cecilia and R.C. Levene, eds, El Croquis 167: Smiljan

Radic: 2003–2013 (2013)

F.P. Oyarzún, Christian De Groote (1993)

R. Pérez de Arce, F. Pérez Oyarzún and R. Rispa, The Valparaíso

School: Open City Group (2014)

S. Radic, Rough Work: Illustrated Architecture (2017)

 L. Rodríguez Valdés, Mario Pérez de Arce Lavín (1996)

E. Walker, et al., Enrique Browne: 1974–1994 (1995)

Chapter 2
Africa and the Middle East: Introduction
A. Andraos, N. Akawi and C. Blanchfield, eds, The Arab City (2014)

R. Chadirji, Concepts and Influences: Towards a Regionalized

International Architecture (1986)

L. Fernández-Galiano, ed., Atlas: Architectures of the 21st Century /

Vol. 3, Africa and Middle East (2010)

A. Folkers, Modern Architecture in Africa (2010)

K. Frampton and H. Khan, eds, World Architecture 1900–2000: a

Critical Mosaic / Vol. 5, The Middle East (2002)

K. Frampton and U. Kultermann, eds, World Architecture 1900–2000: a

Critical Mosaic / Vol. 6, Central and Southern Africa (2002)

M. Herz, ed., African Modernism: The Architecture of Independence

(2015)

R. Holod and D. Rastorfer, eds, Architecture and Community: Building

the Islamic World Today (1983)

H.U. Khan, Contemporary Asian Architects (1995)

U. Kultermann, New Directions in African Architecture (1969)

— Contemporary Architecture in the Arab States: Renaissance of a

Region (1999)

A. Tostões, Modern Architecture in Africa: Angola and Mozambique

(2013)

South Africa
G. Herbert, Martienssen and the International Style: the Modern
Movement in South African Architecture (1975)
 ‘Peter Rich Architects: Alexandra Interpretation Centre, Alexandra,
Johannesburg, 2007–10’, Lotus International, no. 143, August 2010,
44–46

J. Sorrell, ed., Jo Noero Architects 1982–1998 and Noero Wolff

Architects 1998–2009 (2009)

H. Wolff, Heinrich Wolff: Monograph (2007)

— Architecture at a Time of Social Change (2012)

I. Wolff, Adele Naude Santos & Antonio De Souza Santos Monograph:

Cape Town Work (2011)

West Africa
L. Fernández-Galiano, ed., ‘Heikkinen & Komonen: Villa in Mali’, AV
Monografías 72: Signature Houses (1998), 90

— AV Monografías 201: Francis Kéré (2018)

D.F. Kéré, A. Lepik and A. Beygo, Francis Kéré: Radically Simple

(2016)

R.W. Liscombe, ‘Modernism in Late Imperial British West Africa: The

Work of Maxwell Fry and Jane Drew, 1946–56’, JSAH, vol. 65, no.
2, June 2006

P. Nicolin, ed., ‘Heikkinen-Komonen: Poultry Farming School’ and

‘The Women’s House: Hollmén-Reuter-Sandman’, Lotus
International, no. 116, January 2003, 60–63 and 80–81

North Africa
T. Avermaete and M. Casciato, Casablanca Chandigarh: a Report on
Modernization (2014)

A. Smithson and P. Smithson, ‘Collective housing in Morocco: The

work of Atbat-Afrique, described’, AD, January 1955

J. Steele, Hassan Fathy (1988)

East Africa
 L. Fernández-Galiano, ed., ‘Netherlands Embassy, Addis Ababa
(Ethiopia) De Architectengroep’, AV Monografías 115: Building
Materials (2005)

A. Guedes and F. Vanin, Vitruvius Mozambicanus (2013)

E. Herrel, Ernst May: Architekt und Stadtplaner in Afrika 1934–1953

(2001)

Turkey
D. Barillari and E. Godoli, Istanbul 1900: Art Nouveau Architecture
and Interiors (1996)

S. Bozdogan, Sedad Eldem. Architect in Turkey (1987)

P. Davey, ‘Demir Holiday Village, Bodrum, Turkey’, AR, 191, October

1992, 50–65

‘Hilton Hotel, Istanbul’, Baumeister, August 1956, 535–41

R. Holod and A. Evin, Modern Turkish Architecture (1984)

‘Istaban Hotel’, L’Architecture d’Aujord’hui, September 1955, 103–15

P. Jodidio, Emre Arolat Architects (2013)

H.U. Khan and S. Özkan, ‘The Bektas Participatory Architectural

Workshop, Turkey’, MIMAR, no. 13, July–September 1984, 47–65

‘Lassa Tyre Factory, Izmit’, MIMAR, no. 18, October–December 1985,

28–33

L. Piccinato, ‘L’Università del Medio Oriente presso Ankara’,

L’Architettura 10, no. 114, April 1965, 804–14

H. Sarkis, ed., Han Tümertekin (2007)

— A Turkish Triangle: Ankara, Istanbul, and Izmir at the Gates of

Europe (2010)

U. Tanyeli, Sedad Hakkı Eldem (2001)

Lebanon
 A. Abu Hamdan, ‘Jafar Tukan of Jordan’, MIMAR, no. 12, April–June
1984, 54–65

‘Architecture in Lebanon’, AD, 27, March 1957, 105

‘Beyrouth – Collège Protestant’, L’Architecture d’Aujourd’hui, no. 71,

June 1957, 22–23

‘Lebanon’, Techniques et Architecture (Paris), no. 1–2, January–

February 1944

‘Ministère de la Défense nationale, Beyrouth’, Architecture Plus, April

1973

P.G. Rowe and H. Sarkis, eds, Projecting Beirut: Episodes in the

Construction and Reconstruction of a Modern City (1998)

W. Singh-Bartlett, eastwest: Nabil Gholam Architects (2015)

E. Verdeil, ‘Michel Ecochard in Lebanon and Syria (1956–1968)’,

Planning Perspectives, vol. 27, no. 2, April 2012

Israel/Palestine
Z. Efrat, The Object of Zionism: The Architecture of Israel (2018)

T. Goryczka and J. Neměc, eds, Zvi Hecker (2014)

I. Heinze Greenberg, ‘Paths in Utopia: On the Development of the Early

Kibbutzim’, in Social Utopias of the Twenties, ed. J. Fiedler (1995)

— and G. Herbert, ‘The Anatomy of a Profession: Architects in

Palestine During the British Mandate’, Architectura, January 1992,
149–62

— and G. Herbert, Erich Mendelsohn in Palestine: Catalog of the

Exhibition (1994)

‘Hotel de Ville de Bat-Yam’, L’Architecture d’Aujourd’hui, 34, 106,

February/March 1963, 66–69

‘The Israel Museum in Jerusalem’, Domus, 451, June 1967, 190–200

I. Kamp-Bandau, et al., Tel Aviv Modern Architecture 1930–1939

(1994)
 A. Karmi-Melamed and D. Price, Architecture in Palestine during the
British Mandate, 1917–1948 (2014)

M.D. Levin and J. Turner, White City: International Style Architecture

in Israel (1984)

C. Melhuish, ‘Ada Karmi-Melamede and Ram Karmi: Supreme Court of

Jerusalem. House in Tel Aviv’, AD, 66, no. 11–12,
November/December 1966, 34–39

E. Mendelsohn and B. Zevi, Erich Mendelsohn: The Complete Works

(1999)

N. Metzger-Szmuk, Dwelling on the Dunes, Tel Aviv: Modern Movement

and Bauhaus Ideals (2004)

S. Rotbard, White City, Black City: Architecture and War in Tel Aviv
and Jaffa (2015)

A.C. Schultz, Ada Karmi-Melamede & Ram Karmi, Supreme Court of

Israel (2010)

R. Segal, Space Packed: the Architecture of Alfred Neumann (2017)

A. Sharon, Kibbutz + Bauhaus: An Architect’s Way in a New Land

(1976)

— Kibbutz + Bauhaus: Arieh Sharon, the Way of an Architect (1987)

— and E. Neuman, Aryeh Sharon: adrikhal ha-medinah = Arieh

Sharon: The Nation’s Architect (2018)

R. Shehori, Zeʾev Rekhter (1987)

A. Teut, ed., Al Mansfeld, an Architect in Israel (1999)

M. Warhaftig, They Laid the Foundation: Lives and Works of German-

speaking Jewish Architects in Palestine 1918–1948 (2007)

A. Whittick, Eric Mendelsohn (1964) [1939]

Iraq
The Architecture of Rifat Chadirji (1984) [a collection of 12 etchings]
 U. Kultermann, ‘Contemporary Arab Architecture; the Architects of
Iraq’, MIMAR, no. 5, September 1982, 54–61

M. Wasiuta, Rifat Chadirji: Building Index (2018)

Saudi Arabia
M. Al-Asad, ‘The Mosques of Abdel Wahid El-Wakil’, MIMAR, no. 42,
March 1992, 34–39

A.W. El-Hakil, ‘Buildings in the Middle East’, MIMAR, August 1981,

48–61

H.U. Khan, ‘National Commercial Bank Jeddah’, MIMAR, April–June

1985, 36–41

U. Kultermann, ‘The Architects in Saudi Arabia’, MIMAR, no. 16,

April–June 1985, 42–53

‘Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Riyadh’, AR, November 1989, 96–98

A. Nyborg, Henning Larsen: Ud Af Det Bid (1986)

‘Wadi Hanifa Wetlands’, A+U, no. 485, July 2013

Iran
N. Ardalan and L. Bakhtiar, The Sense of Unity (1973)

F. Daftari and L.S. Diba, eds, Iran Modern (2013)

K. Diba, Buildings and Projects (1981)

— ‘Iran and Contemporary Architecture’, MIMAR, no. 38, March 1991,

22–24

J.M. Dixon, ‘Traditional Weave. Housing, Shushtar New Town, Iran’,

Progressive Architecture, 60, no. 10, October 1979, 68–71

M. Marefat, ‘Building to Power: Architecture of Tehran, 1921–1941’

(unpub. PhD dissertation, 1988)

— ‘The Protagonists who Shaped Modern Tehran’, in Tehran capitale

bicentenaire, ed. C. Adle and B. Hourcade (1992)

M.R. Shirazi, Contemporary Architecture and Urbanism in Iran (2018)

Gulf States
A. Abu Hamden, ‘Shopping Center, Kindergarten School, Dubai’,
MIMAR, no. 12, May 1984, 62–64

K. Holscher, ‘The National Museum of Bahrain’, MIMAR, no. 35, June

1990, 24–29

U. Kultermann, ‘Architects of the Gulf States’, MIMAR, no. 14,

November 1984, 50–57

— ‘Education and Arab Identity: Kamal El Kafrawi; University of

Qatar, Doha’, Architectura, no. 26, 1996, 84–88

J.F. Pousse, ‘Un patio dans le désert: Ambassade de France, Marcate,

Oman’, Techniques et Architecture, no. 388, March 1990, 74–79

J. Randall, ‘Sief Palace Area Building, Kuwait’, MIMAR, no. 16, May
1985, 28–35

P.E. Skiver, ‘Kuwait National Assembly Complex’, Living Architecture,

no. 5, 1986, 124–27

‘Solar Control’, Middle East Construction, April 1981, 49–54

B.B. Taylor, ‘University, Qatar’, MIMAR, no. 16, May 1985, 20–27

B. Thompson, ‘Abu Dhabi Inter-Continental Hotel’, MIMAR, no. 25,

September 1987, 40–45

‘Three Intercontinental Hotels: Abu Dhabi; Al Ain, UAE; Cairo, Egypt’,

Process Architecture, no. 89, 1987, 120–24

J. Utzon, Logbook: Kuwait National Assembly (2008)

‘Water Towers, Kuwait City, Kuwait’, in Architecture and Community,

ed. R. Holod and D. Rastorfer (1983)

G.R.H. Wright, The Qatar National Museum (1975)

Chapter 3
Asia and the Pacific: Introduction
 K.K. Ashraf and J. Belluardo, eds, An Architecture of Independence: the
Making of Modern South Asia: Charles Correa, Balkrishna Doshi,
Muzharul Islam, Achyut Kanvinde (1998)

L. Fernández-Galiano, ed., Atlas: Architectures of the 21st Century /

Vol. 1, Asia and Pacific (2010)

K. Frampton, R. Mehrotra and P.G. Sanghi, eds, World Architecture

1900–2000: a Critical Mosaic / Vol. 8, South Asia (2002)

K. Frampton and Z. Guan, eds, World Architecture 1900–2000: a

Critical Mosaic / Vol. 9, East Asia (2002)

K. Frampton, W.S.W. Lim and J. Taylor, eds, World Architecture 1900–

2000: a Critical Mosaic / Vol. 10, Southeast Asia and Oceania
(2002)

J. Taylor, Architecture in the South Pacific (2014)

India
C. Correa, The New Landscape (1985) [Correa’s New Bombay plan]

— and K. Frampton, Charles Correa (1996)

W.J.R. Curtis, Balkrishna Doshi: an Architecture for India (1988)

N. Dengle, ed., Dialogues with Indian Master Architects (2015)

B. Doshi, Paths Uncharted (2011)

B. Jain and J. van der Steen, Studio Mumbai: Praxis (2012)

H.U. Khan, Charles Correa (1987)

J. Kugler, K.P. Hoof and M. Wolfschlag, eds, Balkrishna Doshi:

Architecture for the People (2019)

F. Márquez Cecilia and R.C. Levene, eds, El Croquis 157: Studio

Mumbai, 2003–2011 (2011)

R. Mehrotra, Architecture in India since 1990 (2011)

— and A. Berger, eds, Landscape + Urbanism around the Bay of

Mumbai (2010)
 — and S. Dwivedi, Bombay: the Cities Within (1995)

— and G. Nest, eds, Public Places Bombay (1996)

— and F. Vera, Ephemeral Urbanism: Cities in Constant Flux (2016)

S. Rajguru, et al., Raj Rewal: Innovative Architecture and Tradition

(2013)

Pakistan
H.U. Khan, The Architecture of Habib Fida Ali: Buildings and Projects,
1965–2009 (2010)

K.K. Mumtaz, Architecture in Pakistan (1985)

Bangladesh
K. Chowdhury, K. Frampton and H. Binet, The Friendship Centre:
Gaibandha, Bangladesh (2016)

‘Clima confesional: Bait Ur Rouf Mosque, Dhaka: Marina Tabassum’,

Arquitectura Viva, no. 192, January 2017

R.M. Falvo, ed., Rafiq Azam: Architecture for Green Living (2013)

M. Gusheh, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar: an American Architect in Dhaka

(1995)

N.R. Khāna, Muzharul Islam: Selected Drawings (2010)

A. Ruby and N. Graber, Bengal Stream: The Vibrant Architecture Scene

of Bangladesh (2017)

Sri Lanka
B.B. Taylor, Geoffrey Bawa (1995)

‘Richard Murphy Architects: British High Commission, Colombo, Sri

Lanka, 2001–08’, Lotus International, no. 140, December 2009

China
E. Baniassad, L. Gutierrez and V. Portefaix, Being Chinese in
Architecture: Recent Works by Rocco Lim (2004)
 B. Chan, New Architecture in China (2005)

G. Ding, Constructing a Place of Critical Architecture in China:

Intermediate Criticality in the Journal Time + Architecture (2015)

L. Fernández-Galiano, ed., AV Monografías 109/110: China Boom:

Growth Unlimited (2004)

— AV Monografías 150: Made in China (2011)

M.J. Holm, K. Kjeldsen and M.M. Kallehauge, eds, Wang Shu Amateur
Architecture Studio (2017)

L. Hu and H. Wenjing, Toward Openness (2018)

J. Liu, Now and Here – Chengdu: Liu Jiakun, Selected Works (2017)

C. Pearson, Good Design in China (2011)

W.S. Saunders, ed., Designed Ecologies: the Landscape Architecture of

Kongjian Yu (2012)

P. Valle, Rural Urban Framework (2016)

A. Williams, New Chinese Architecture: Twenty Women Building the

Future (2019)

J. Zhu, Architecture of Modern China: a Historical Critique (2009)

Japan
T. Ando and F. Dal Co, Tadao Ando Complete Works (2000)

— Tadao Ando 1995–2010 (2010)

J. Baek, Nothingness: Tadao Ando’s Christian Sacred Space (2009)

B. Bognar, The New Japanese Architecture (1990)

L. Fernández-Galiano, ed., AV Monografías 28: Generaciones

Japonesas (1991)

K. Frampton, A New Wave of Japanese Architecture (1978)

— The Architecture of Hiromi Fujii (1987)

— and K. Kuma, Kengo Kuma: Complete Works (2nd edn, 2018)

— D. Stewart and M. Mulligan, Fumihiko Maki (2009)

K.G.F. Helfrich and W. Whitaker, eds, Crafting a Modern World:

Architecture and Design of Antonin and Noémi Raymond (2006)

M. Inoue, Space in Japanese Architecture (1985)

A. Isozaki and K.T. Ōshima, Arata Isozaki (2009)

— and D.B. Stewart, Japan-ness in Architecture (2006)

M. Kawamukai and M. Zardini, Tadao Ando (1990)

N. Kawazoe, Contemporary Japanese Architecture (1965)

K. Kikutake and K.T. Oshima, Between Land and Sea: Kiyonori

Kikutake (2016)

R. Koolhaas, H.U. Obrist, K. Ota and J. Westcott, Project Japan:

Metabolism Talks (2011)

S. Kuan and Y. Lippit, Kenzo Tange: Architecture for the World (2012)

K. Kuma, Anti-Object: The Dissolution and Disintegration of

Architectures (2008) [2000]

K. Kurokawa, Metabolism in Architecture (1977)

A. Kurosaka, et al., Space Design, no. 172, January 1979 [special issue
on Shinohara’s work, 1955–79]

S.M. Levy, Japanese Construction: An American Perspective (1990)

K. Maekawa, Kunio Maekawa: Sources of Modern Japanese

Architecture (1984)

F. Maki, Investigations in Collective Form (1964)

— and M. Mulligan, Nurturing Dreams: Collected Essays on

Architecture and the City (2008)

— et al., Fumihiko Maki (2009)

T. Matsunaga, Kazuo Shinohara (1982) [IUAS cat.]

M. McQuaid, Shigeru Ban (2005)

 K.T. Ōshima, International Architecture in Interwar Japan:
Constructing Kokusai Kenchiku (2009)

A. Raymond, An Autobiography (1973)

J.M. Reynolds, Maekawa Kunio and the Emergence of Japanese

Modernist Architecture (2001)

S. Roulet and S. Soulié, Toyo Ito: Complete Works 1971–90 (1991)

S. Salat and F. Labbé, Fumihiko Maki (1988)

K. Shinohara, ‘Towards Architecture’, L’Architettura, no. X, April 1983

D. Stewart and H. Yatsuka, Arata Isozaki 1960–1990 (1991)

K. Tange, U. Kultermann and H.R. von der Mühll, Kenzo Tange (1989)

Y. Taniguchi, The Architecture of Yoshio Taniguchi (1999)

J. Taylor, The Architecture of Fumihiko Maki (2003)

South Korea
M. Cho and K. Park, Architectural Heterogeneity in Korean Society
(2007)

S.C. Cho, Byoung Cho (2014)

Australia
H. Beck and J. Cooper, eds, Glenn Murcutt: A Singular Architectural
Practice (2002)

— Clare Design: Works 1980–2015 (2015)

P. Drew, Leaves of Iron. Glenn Murcutt: Pioneer of an Australian

Architectural Form (1985)

K. Frampton and P. Drew, Harry Seidler Complete Works 1955–1990

(1991)

— Architecture as Material Culture: the Work of Francis-Jones

Morehen Thorp (2014)

F. Fromont, Glenn Murcutt (2003)

 S. Godsell and L.V. Schiak, Sean Godsell: Works and Projects (2005)

G. London, Kerry Hill (2013)

F. Márquez Cecilia and R.C. Levene, eds, El Croquis 163/164: Glenn

Murcutt, 1980–2012 (2012)

E. McEoin, ed., Under the Edge: the Architecture of Peter Stutchbury

(2016)

P. McGillick, Alex Popov: Buildings and Projects (2002)

Y. Mikami, Utzon’s Sphere: Sydney Opera House (2001)

G. Murcutt and P. Drew, Touch This Earth Lightly: Glenn Murcutt in

His Own Words (1999)

P. Neuvonen and K. Lehtimäki, Richard Leplastrier: Spirit of Nature

Wood Architecture Award (2004)

H. Seidler, Houses and Interiors (2003)

J. Taylor, An Australian Identity: Houses for Sydney, 1953–63 (1972)

— John Andrews: Architecture, a Performing Art (1982)

— Australian Architecture Since 1960 (1990)

New Zealand
J. Gatley, Long Live the Modern: New Zealand’s New Architecture,
1904–1984 (2009)

D. Mitchell and G. Chaplin, The Elegant Shed: New Zealand

Architecture since 1945 (1984)

E.B. Ottilinger and A. Sarnitz, Ernst Plischke (2003)

J. Stacpoole and P. Beaven, New Zealand Art: Architecture 1820–1970

(1972)

Chapter 4
Europe: Introduction
L. Fernández-Galiano, ed., Atlas: Architectures of the 21st Century /
Vol. 4, Europe (2010)
 K. Frampton, W. Wang and H. Kusolitsch, eds, World Architecture
1900–2000: a Critical Mosaic / Vol. 3, Northern Europe, Central
Europe, Western Europe (2002)

K. Frampton and V.M. Lampugnani, eds, World Architecture 1900–

2000: a Critical Mosaic / Vol. 4, Mediterranean Basin (2002)

P. Koulermos and J. Steele, 20th Century European Rationalism (1995)

United Kingdom
J. Allen, Berthold Lubetkin: Architecture and the Tradition of Progress
(1992)

P. Allison, ‘The Presence of Construction: Walsall Art Gallery by

Caruso St John’, AA Files, 35, 1998, 70–79

S. Backström, ‘A Swede Looks At Sweden’, AR, vol. 94, no. 561,

September 1942, 80 [his first use of the term ‘New Empiricism’]

— ‘The New Empiricism: Sweden’s Latest Style’, AR, vol. 101, no. 606,
June 1947, 199–204

A. Berman, ed., Jim Stirling and the Red Trilogy: Three Radical
Buildings (2010)

S. Cantacuzino, Wells Coates: a Monograph (1978)

T. Fretton, Tony Fretton Architects (2014)

— Articles, Essays, Interviews and Out-Takes (2018)

A. Jackson, The Politics of Architecture: A History of Modern

Architecture in Britain (1970)

D. Jenkins, ed., On Foster … Foster On (2000)

— Norman Foster: Works, 6 vols (2002–11)

I. Latham and M. Swenarton, eds, Jeremy Dixon and Edward Jones:

Buildings and Projects 1959–2002 (2002)

London County Council, The Planning of a New Town; Data and

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J. Quetglas, M.Lapeña/Torres (1990)

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M. Alonso del Val, ‘Spanish Architecture 1939–1958: Continuity and

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W. Curtis, Carlos Ferrater (1989)

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— AV Monografías 85: Cruz & Ortiz: 1975–2000 (2000)

— AV Monografías 145: Mansilla+Tuñón 1992–2011 (2010)

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 G. Byrne and L. Tena, Gonçalo Byrne: Works (2002)

A. Esposito and G. Leoni, Eduardo Souto de Moura (2003)

L. Fernández-Galiano, ed., AV Monografías 40: Álvaro Siza 1988–1993

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— AV Monografías 47: Portugueses (1994)

— AV Monografías 151: Souto de Moura 1980–2012 (2011)

— AV Monografías 208: Souto de Moura 2012–2018 (2018)

J. Figueira, ed., Álvaro Siza: Modern Redux (2008)

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F. Márquez Cecilia and R.C. Levene, eds, El Croquis 170: João Luis
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C. Sat, Schools of Óbidos (2010)

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— Álvaro Siza 1954–1976 (1997)

— Fundação Iberê Camargo (2008)

— and A. Angelillo, Álvaro Siza: Writings on Architecture (1997)

— and W. Wang, Souto de Moura (1990)

E. Souto de Moura, Competitions 1979–2010 (2011)

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Italy
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C. Baglione, ed., Ernesto Nathan Rogers, 1909–1969 (2012)

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— AV Monografías 119: Renzo Piano: Building Workshop 1990–2006

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— Giorgio Grassi: opere e progetti (2004)

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— History of Italian Architecture 1944–1985 (1989)

G. Vragnaz, Gregotti Associati: 1973–1988 (1990)

B. Zevi, Towards an Organic Architecture (1945, trans. 1950)

Greece
E. Antoniadis, Greek Contemporary Architecture (1979)

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– Greece (1999)

A. Couvelas, House of the Winds in Santorini (2016)

A. Ferlenga, Pikionis, 1887–1968 (1999)

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Patroklou Karantinou (1938)

A. Konstantinidis, Elements for Self-Knowledge (1975)

— with D. Konstantinidis and P. Cofano, Aris Konstantinidis, 1913–

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P. Koulermos, ‘The Work of Konstantinidis’, AD, May 1964

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C. Eveno, et al., Jože Plečnik, Architect, 1872–1957 (1989)

Z. Lukeš, D. Prelovšek and T. Valena, Josip Plečnik: An Architect of

Prague Castle (1997)

M. Stierli and V. Kulić, Toward a Concrete Utopia: Architecture in

Yugoslavia: 1948–1980 (2018)

Austria
R. Abraham, Raimund Abraham: Works 1960–1973 (1973)

W.M. Chramosta, P. Cook, and L. Waechter-Böhm, Helmut Richter:

Buildings and Projects (1999)

Coop Himmelblau: Architecture is Now (1983)

B. Groihofer, Raimund Abraham [UN]BUILT (2nd edn, 2016)

O. Kapfinger, D. Steiner and S. Pirker, Architecture in Austria: Survey

of the 20th Century (1999)

G. Peichl, Gustav Peichl: Buildings and Projects (1992)

R. Rainer, Livable Environments (1972)

— Vitale Urbanität: Wohnkultur und Stadtentwicklung (1995)

A. Sarnitz, Three Viennese Architects (1984)[coverage of the work of

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L. Welzenbacher, Lois Welzenbacher (1968)

Germany
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P. Blundell Jones, Hans Scharoun, a Monograph (1978, repr. 1995)

P. Drew, Frei Otto: Form and Structure (1976)

E. Eiermann and I. Boyken, Egon Eiermann 1904–1970: Bauten und

Projekte (1984)

L. Fernández-Galiano, ed., AV Monografías 1–2: Berlin IBA ‘87 (1985)

I. Flagge, V. Herzog-Loibl and A. Meseure, eds, Thomas Herzog:

Architecture + Technology (2002)

V. Gregotti, ‘Oswald Mathias Ungers’, Lotus, 11, 1976

M. Heidegger, Building, Dwelling, Thinking (1954)

J.P. Kleihues, Josef Paul Kleihues (2008)

W. Nerdinger and C. Tafel, Architectural Guide. Germany: 20th

Century (1996)

U. Schwarz, ed., New German Architecture: a Reflexive Modernism

(2002)

O. Steidle, Reissbrett 3: Otto Steidle: Werkmonographie (1984)

O.M. Ungers, Oswald Mathias Ungers (1991)

W. Wang and D.E. Sylvester, eds, Hans Scharoun: Philharmonie, Berlin

1956–1963 (2013)

Denmark
M.A. Andersen, Jørn Utzon: Drawings and Buildings (2014)

L. Fernández-Galiano, ed., AV Monografías 205: Jørn Utzon 1918–

2008 (2018)

K. Fisker, Modern Danish Architecture (1927)

‘Henning Larsen’s Tegnestue A/S, University of Trondheim,

Trondheim, Norway’, GA Document, 4, 1981
 T.B. Jensen, P.V. Jensen-Klint (2006)

L.B. Jørgensen, Vilhelm Lauritzen: en Moderne Arkitekt (1994)

H.E. Langkilde, Arkitekten Kay Fisker (1960)

C. Norberg-Schulz and T. Faber, Utzon Mallorca (1996)

C. Thau and K. Vindum, Arne Jacobsen (2001)

J. Utzon, Logbook, 5 vols: The Courtyard Houses (2004); Bagsværd

Church (2005); Two Houses on Majorca (2004); Kuwait National
Assembly (2008); Additive Architecture (2009)

R. Weston, Utzon (2002)

— Jørn Utzon: the Architect’s Universe (2008)

Sweden
G. Asplund, et al., Acceptera (1931)

P. Blundell Jones, Gunnar Asplund (2012)

L. Capobianco, Sven Markelius: Architettura e città (2006)

P. Collymore, The Architecture of Ralph Erskine: Contributing to

Humanity (1994)

G. Holmdahl, ed., Gunnar Asplund, Architect, 1885–1940. Plans,

Sketches and Photographs (1950)

O. Hultin and W. Wang, The Architecture of Peter Celsing (1996)

G.E. Kidder Smith, Sweden Buildings (1957)

P.G. Rowe, The Byker Redevelopment Project: Newcastle upon Tyne,

United Kingdom, 1969–82: Ralph Erskine (1988)

C. St John Wilson, Gunnar Asplund, 1885–1940: the Dilemma of

Classicism (1988)

— Sigurd Lewerentz, 1885–1975: the Dilemma of Classicism (1989)

Norway
J. Brænne, Arne Korsmo: Arkitektur og Design (2004)
 P.O. Fjeld, Sverre Fehn: the Thought of Construction (1983)

— Sverre Fehn: the Pattern of Thought (2009)

C. Norberg-Schulz and G. Postiglione, Sverre Fehn: Works, Projects,

Writings, 1949–1996 (1998)

Finland
J. Ahlin, Sigurd Lewerentz, Architect, 1885–1975 (1987)

P. Davey, Architecture in Context: Helin Workshop (2011)

S. Micheli, Erik Bryggman: 1891–1955: Architettura Moderna in

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M.R. Norri, An Architectural Present: 7 Approaches (1990) [definitive

exh. cat. of contemporary Finnish architects]

J. Pallasmaa, Architecture in Miniature (1991) [a survey of the

architect’s work]

S. Poole, The New Finnish Architecture (1991) [a comprehensive survey

of contemporary practice]

M. Quantill, Juha Leiviskä: and the Continuity of Finnish Modern

Architecture (2001)

C. St John Wilson, Gullichsen, Kairamo, Vormala (1990)

Afterword
Architecture in the Age of Globalization
W. Blaser, ed., Santiago Calatrava: Engineering and Architecture
(1989)

C. Davidson, ‘On the Record with Kenneth Frampton’, Log, Fall 2018,
27–34

P.B. Jones and M. Meagher, Architecture and Movement (2015)

B. Lootsma, Cees Dam (1989)

U.J. Schulte Strathaus, ‘Modernism of a Most Intelligent Kind: A
Commentary of the Work of Diener & Diener’, Assemblage, 3,
1987, 72–107

M. Umbach and B. Hüppauf, Vernacular Modernism: Heimat,

Globalization, and the Built Environment (2005)

W. Wang, Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron (1990)

Endnotes
Introduction
1 G. Debord, ‘XIII’, in Comments on the Society of the Spectacle, trans. M.
Imrie (1998), 38.

Part I
Chapter 1
1 J. Starobinski, The Invention of Liberty, 1700–1789, trans. B.C. Swift
(1964), 205.

Chapter 2
1 F. Choay, The Modern City: Planning in the 19th Century, trans. M.
Hugo and G.R. Collins (1969), 9.
2 C. Sitte, Der Städtebau nach seinen künsterlerischen Grundsätzen [City
Planning According to Artistic Principles] (1988), 16.

Chapter 3
1 W. Benjamin, ‘Paris: Capital of the 19th Century’, Perspecta, vol. 12,
1969, 165.
2 L. Reynaud, Traité d’architecture. Deuxième partie. Composition des
edifices (1878), 428.

Part II
Chapter 1
1 W. Morris, ‘The Revival of Architecture’, The Eclectic Magazine of
Foreign Literature, Science and Art, vol. 48, no. 2, August 1888, 277.
2 A. Carruthers, Ashbee to Wilson: Aesthetic Movement, Arts and Crafts,
and Twentieth Century (1986).

Chapter 2
1 L.H. Sullivan, The Public Papers (1988), 80.
2 L. Sullivan, ‘The Autobiography of an Idea’, Journal of the American
Institute of Architects, vol. XI, no. 9, 1923, 337.
3 D. Adler, ‘Great Modern Edifices – The Chicago Auditorium’,
Architectural Record, vol. 1, no. 4, April–June 1892, 429.
4 Ibid., 417.
Chapter 3
1 F.L. Wright, ‘In The Cause of Architecture. III. The Meaning of
Materials. Stone’, Architectural Record, vol. 63, no. 4, April 1928, 350.
2 G.C. Manson, Frank Lloyd Wright to 1910: The First Golden Age
(1958), 39.

Chapter 4
1 E. Viollet-le-Duc, Entretiens sur l’architecture (1863–72).
2 H. Guimard, ‘An Architect’s Opinion of “L’Art Nouveau”’, The
Architectural Record, vol. XII, no. 2, June 1902, 58.
3 H. Guimard, ‘An “Art Nouveau” Edifice in Paris. The Humbert De
Romans Building’, The Architectural Record, vol. XII, no. 1, May 1902,
58.
4 G. Grassi, ‘An Architect and a City: Berlage in Amsterdam’, Casabella
Continuità, no. 249, March 1961, 42 [Italian], VII [English].

Chapter 5
1 T. Howarth, Charles Rennie Mackintosh and the Modern Movement
(1952), 46.

Chapter 6
1 C.E. Schorske, ‘The Transformation of the Garden: Ideal and Society in
Austrian Literature’, The American Historical Review, vol. 72, no. 4, July
1967, 1298.
2 E.F. Sekler, ‘Eduard F. Sekler: The Stoclet House by Josef Hoffmann’, in
Essays in the History of Architecture Presented to Rudolph Wittkower, vol.
1 (1967), 230.
3 S. Anderson, Peter Behrens and a New Architecture for the Twentieth
Century (2000), 22.

Chapter 7
1 F.T. Marinetti, Marinetti, Selected Writings, trans. R.W. Flint and A.A.
Coppotelli (1972), 39.
2 Ibid., 40.
3 R. Banham, ‘Futurism: The Foundation Manifesto’, in Theory and
Design in the First Machine Age, 2nd edn (1967), 104.
4 U. Apollonio, ‘Umberto Boccioni: Plastic Dynamism 1913’, in Futurist
Manifestos, trans. R. Brain, R.W. Flint, J.C. Higgitt and C. Tisdal (2001),
93.
5 R. Banham, ‘Sant’ Elia and Futurist Architecture’, in Theory and Design
in the First Machine Age, 2nd edn (1967), 128.
6 R. Banham, ‘Futurism: Theory and Development’, in Theory and Design
in the First Machine Age, 2nd edn (1967), 124.
7 R. Banham, ‘Sant’ Elia and Futurist Architecture’, in Theory and Design
in the First Machine Age, 2nd edn (1967), 129.

Chapter 8
1 T.J. Benton, ‘Arts and Crafts Values: Adolf Loos, Architecture, 1910’, in
Form and Function (1975), 41.
2 L. Münz and G. Künstler, Adolf Loos, Pioneer of Modern Architecture
(1966), 225.
3 T.J. Benton, ‘Arts and Crafts Values: Adolf Loos, Potemkin’s Town,
1898’, in Form and Function (1975), 26.

Chapter 9
1 L. Münz and G. Künstler, Adolf Loos, Pioneer of Modern Architecture
(1966), 17.
2 H. van de Velde, Formules de la beauté architectonique moderne (1917),
88.

Chapter 10
1 D. Wiebenson, ‘Appendix I: Tony Garnier’s Preface to Une Cité
Industrielle’, in Tony Garnier: The Cité Industrielle (1969), 107.
2 E. Zola, Travail (1901), 485.

Chapter 11
1 A. Perret, Contribution à une théorie de l’architecture (1952),
unpaginated [first pub. in Das Werk, 34–35, February 1947].

Chapter 12
1 C.M. Chipkin, ‘Lutyens and Imperialism’, RIBA Journal, July 1969, 263.
2 G. Semper, ‘Science, Industry and Art. Proposals for the Development of
a National Taste in Art at the Closing of the London Industrial Exhibition’,
in The Four Elements of Architecture and Other Writings, trans. H.F.
Mallgrave and W. Herrmann (1989), 133.
3 Ibid., 134.
4 Ibid., 138.

Chapter 13
1 P. Scheerbart, Glass Architecture, by Paul Scheerbart; and Alpine
Architecture, by Bruno Taut, ed. with an introduction by D. Sharp, trans. J.
Palmes and S. Palmer (1972), 41.
2 U. Conrads and H.G. Sperlich, ‘Adolf Behne’, in The Architecture of
Fantasy. Utopian Building and Planning in Modern Times, trans., ed. and
expanded by C.C. Collins and G.R. Collins (1962), 133.
3 U. Conrads, ‘1919 Gropius/Taut/Behne: New Ideas on Architecture’, in
Programs and Manifestoes on 20th-Century Architecture, trans. M.
Bullock (1971), 46.
4 U. Conrads and H.G. Sperlich, ‘Arbeitsrat für Kunst: YES! Opinions of
the Arbeitsrat für Kunst in Berlin, Adolf Behne (page 16)’, in The
Architecture of Fantasy. Utopian Building and Planning in Modern Times,
trans., ed. and expanded by C.C. Collins and G.R. Collins (1962), 140.
5 U. Conrads and H.G. Sperlich, ‘Selections from the Utopian
Correspondence: Hans Scharoun (Hannes), Circular Letter of the Year
1919’, in The Architecture of Fantasy. Utopian Building and Planning in
Modern Times, trans., ed. and expanded by C.C. Collins and G.R. Collins
(1962), 142.
6 U. Conrads and H.G. Sperlich, ‘Selections from the Utopian
Correspondence: Hans Luckhardt (Angkor), Circular Letter of July 15,
1920’, in The Architecture of Fantasy. Utopian Building and Planning in
Modern Times, trans., ed. and expanded by C.C. Collins and G.R. Collins
(1962), 146.
7 U. Conrads and H.G. Sperlich, ‘Selections from the Utopian
Correspondence: Wassili Luckhardt (Zacken), Undated Circular Letter’, in
The Architecture of Fantasy. Utopian Building and Planning in Modern
Times, trans., ed. and expanded by C.C. Collins and G.R. Collins (1962),
144.
8 A. Whittick, ‘Early Years of Practice: Germany 1919–1923’, in Erich
Mendelsohn, 2nd edn (1956), 65.
9 P. Blundell Jones, ‘Häring’s Functionalist Theory, 1924–1934. “Wege
zur Form”, 1925’, in Hugo Häring: the Organic versus the Geometric
(1999), 77.

Chapter 14
1 U. Conrads, ‘1919 Walter Gropius: Programme of the Staatliches
Bauhaus in Weimar’, in Programs and Manifestoes on 20th-Century
Architecture, trans. M. Bullock (1971), 49.
2 H.M. Wingler, ‘Oskar Schlemmer: On the Situation of the Workshops for
Wood and Stone Sculpture’, in The Bauhaus: Weimar, Dessau, Berlin,
Chicago, trans. W. Jabs and B. Gilbert (1979), 60.
3 H.M. Wingler, ‘Johannes Itten and Lyonel Feininger: On the Problem of
State Care for Intellectuals in the Professions’, in The Bauhaus: Weimar,
Dessau, Berlin, Chicago, trans. W. Jabs and B. Gilbert (1979), 35.
4 R. Banham, ‘The Bauhaus’, in Theory and Design in the First Machine
Age, 2nd edn (1967), 281.
5 R. Banham, ‘Germany: the Encyclopaedics’, in Theory and Design in the
First Machine Age, 2nd edn (1967), 313.
6 C. Schnaidt, ‘My Dismissal from the Bauhaus’, in Hannes Meyer:
Buildings, Projects and Writings (1965), 105.

Chapter 15
1 G.F. Hartlaub, ‘Letter to Alfred H. Barr’, The Art Bulletin, XXII, no. 3,
September 1940, 164.
2 Ibid., 163.
3 S. Lissitzky-Küppers, ‘Proun Room, Great Berlin Art Exhibition 1923’,
in El Lissitzky. Life, Letters, Texts (1968), 365.
4 C. Schnaidt, ‘Project for the Peter’s School, Basle, 1926’, in Hannes
Meyer: Buildings, Projects and Writings (1965), 17.
5 C. Schnaidt, ‘Project for the Palace of the League of Nations, Geneva,
1926–27’, in Hannes Meyer: Buildings, Projects and Writings (1965), 25.
6 M. Stam, ‘Kollektive Gestaltung’, ABC (1924), 1.
7 C. Schnaidt, ‘The New World, 1926’, in Hannes Myer: Buildings,
Projects and Writings (1965), 91.
8 Le Corbusier, ‘The Spectacle of Modern Life’, in The Radiant City
(1967), 177.
9 S. Giedion, ‘The Modern Theatre: Interplay between Actors and
Spectators’, in Walter Gropius, Work and Teamwork (1954), 64.
10 W. Gropius, ‘Sociological Premises for the Minimum Dwelling of
Urban Industrial Populations’, in Scope of Total Architecture (1978), 101.

Chapter 16
1 J. Anděl, Introduction to the Art of the Avant-Garde in Czechoslovakia
1918–1938 (1993).

Chapter 17
1 De Stijl, Catalogue 81 (Amsterdam, Stedelijk Museum, 1951), 10.
2 J. Baljeu, ‘Towards Plastic Architecture’, in Theo van Doesburg (1974),
144.
3 J. Baljeu, ‘Towards Collective Construction’, in Theo van Doesburg
(1974), 147.
4 J. Baljeu, ‘-□+=R4’, in Theo van Doesburg (1974), 149.

Chapter 18
1 Le Corbusier, ‘The Lesson of Rome’, in Towards a New Architecture,
trans. F. Etchells (1946), 141.
2 ‘Une Villa de Le Corbusier, 1916’, in L’Esprit Nouveau, nos 4–6, 1968,
692.
3 Le Corbusier, ‘Argument’, in Towards a New Architecture, trans. F.
Etchells (1946), 12.
4 Le Corbusier, Oeuvre complète (1910–1929), vol. 1 (1956), 86 [6th edn].
5 C. Rowe, ‘The Mathematics of the Ideal Villa’, in The Mathematics of
the Ideal Villa and Other Essays (1976), 3.
6 Ibid., 12.
7 Le Corbusier, Precisions (1988), 139.
8 C. Schnaidt, ‘Building, 1928’, in Hannes Meyer: Buildings, Projects and
Writings (1965), 95.
9 Le Corbusier, ‘In Defense of Architecture’, trans. N. Bray, A. Lessard, A.
Levitt and G. Baird, Oppositions, no. 4, October 1974, 93.
10 Le Corbusier, Precisions (1988), 219.

Chapter 19
1 Le Corbusier, L’Art décoratif d’aujourd’hui (1925).
2 L. Benevolo, Storia dell’architettura moderna (1960), 327–31.

Chapter 20
1 P. Carter, ‘Biographical Notes’, in Mies van der Rohe at Work, 3rd edn
(1999), 174.
2 P. Johnson, ‘1922: Two Glass Skyscrapers’, in Mies van der Rohe, 3rd
edn (1978), 187.
3 P. Johnson, ‘1927: The Design of Apartment Houses’, in Mies van der
Rohe, 3rd edn (1978), 194.
4 P. Johnson, ‘1930: The New Era’, in Mies van der Rohe, 3rd edn (1978),
195.

Chapter 21
1 B. Lubetkin, ‘Soviet Architecture: Notes on Development from 1917 to
1932’, Architectural Association Journal, May 1956, 262.
2 J. Billington, The Icon and the Axe: an Interpretive History of Russian
Culture (1967), 489.
3 R. Fullop, The Mind and Face of Bolshevism (1988), 102.
4 A. Kopp, ‘1925–1932: New Social Condensers. The Stroikom Units’, in
Town and Revolution; Soviet Architecture and City Planning, 1917–1935,
trans. T.E. Burton (1970), 141.
5 A. Kopp, ‘1925–1932: New Social Condensers. The Workers’ Club’, in
Town and Revolution; Soviet Architecture and City Planning, 1917–1935,
trans. T.E. Burton (1970), 123.
6 A. Kopp, ‘Editorial Favoring Deurbanization (1930)’, in Town and
Revolution; Soviet Architecture and City Planning, 1917–1935, trans. T.E.
Burton (1970), 248.
7 N.A. Miliutin, ‘Sotsgorod. The Principles of Planning’, in Sotsgorod. The
Problem of Building Socialist Cities, trans. A. Sprague (1974), 66.

Chapter 22
1 Le Corbusier, ‘Argument’, in Towards a New Architecture, trans. F.
Etchells (1946), 14.
2 R. Fishman, Urban Utopias in the Twentieth Century. Ebenezer Howard,
Frank Lloyd Wright and Le Corbusier (1977), 14.

Chapter 23
1 Die Heimstätte, no. 10, 1931.
2 F.L. Wright, ‘Style in Industry’, in Modern Architecture: Being the Kahn
Lectures for 1930 (1987), 38.
3 F.L. Wright, An Autobiography (1945), 472.
4 M. Schapiro, ‘Architect’s Utopia’, Partisan Review, vol. 4, no. 4, March
1938, 43.

Chapter 24
1 A. Aalto, ‘Architecture in Karelia’, in Sketches, trans. S. Wrede (1978),
82.
2 A. Aalto, ‘Finnish Pavilion at the Paris World’s Fair 1937’, in Alvar
Aalto, ed. K. Fleig (1963), 81.
3 A. Aalto, ‘Furniture and Lamps’, in Alvar Aalto, ed. K. Fleig (1975), 199.
4 ‘The Rationalist Utopia: The Humanizing of Architecture’, in Alvar
Aalto in his Own Words, ed. and annotated by G. Schildt (1997), 103.
5 ‘The Rationalist Utopia: The Trout and the Stream’, in Alvar Aalto in his
Own Words, ed. and annotated by G. Schildt (1997), 108.
6 L. Benevolo, ‘Progress in European Architecture between 1930 and
1940’, in History of Modern Architecture. The Modern Movement, vol. 2
(1971), 616.

Chapter 25
1 R. Banham, ‘Sant’ Elia and Futurist Architecture’, in Theory and Design
in the First Machine Age, 2nd edn (1967), 129.
2 Il Gruppo 7, ‘Architecture’, trans. E.R. Shapiro, Oppositions, no. 6, Fall
1976, 90.
3 Ibid.
4 L. Benevolo, ‘Political Compromise and the Struggle with the
Authoritarian Régimes’, in History of Modern Architecture. The Modern
Movement, vol. 2 (1971), 574.
5 C. Cattaneo, ‘The Como Group: Neoplatonism and Rational
Architecture’, Lotus International, no. 16, September 1977, 90.

Chapter 26
1 R. Byron, ‘New Delhi’, The Architectural Review, January 1931.
2 B. Lubetkin, ‘Soviet Architecture, Notes on Development from 1932–
1955’, Architectural Association Journal, September–October 1956, 89.
3 B. Miller, ‘The Debate over the New Architecture’, in Architecture and
Politics in Germany 1918–1945 (1968), 139.
4 F.F. Lisle, Jr, ‘Chicago’s “Century of Progress” Exposition: The
Moderne as Democratic, Popular Culture’, Journal of the Society of
Architectural Historians, vol. 31, no. 3, October 1972, 230.
5 S. Giedion, Architecture You and Me (1958), 48.

Chapter 27
1 Le Corbusier and P. Jeanneret, ‘Villa de Mme. H. de Mandrot’, in
Oeuvre complète (1929–34), vol. 2 (1935), 59.
2 Le Corbusier and P. Jeanneret, ‘Petites Maisons: 1935. Maison aux
Mathes (Océan)’, in Oeuvre complète (1934–38), vol. 3 (1939), 135.
3 Le Corbusier and P. Jeanneret, ‘Petites Maisons: 1935. Une maison de
week-end en banlieue de Paris’, Oeuvre complète (1934–38), vol. 3 (1939),
125.
4 C. Rowe, ‘Neo-“Classicism” and Modern Architecture II’, in The
Mathematics of the Ideal Villa and Other Essays (1976), 94.

Chapter 28
1 P. Johnson, ‘Architecture in the Third Reich’, Horn and Hound, 1933.
2 P. Johnson, ‘1950: Address to Illinois Institute of Technology’, in Mies
van der Rohe, 3rd edn (1978), 203.
3 P. Carter, ‘Mies van der Rohe: An Appreciation on the Occasion, This
Month, of His 75th Birthday’, Architectural Design, 31, no. 3, March 1961,
108.
4 C. Rowe, ‘Neo-“Classicism” and Modern Architecture II’, in The
Mathematics of the Ideal Villa and Other Essays (1976), 149.
Chapter 29
1 E. Fratelli, ‘Louis Kahn’, Zodiac America, no. 8, April–June 1892, 17.
2 ‘The Problem of a New Monumentality. Monumentality, by Louis I.
Kahn’, in New Architecture and City Planning, ed. P. Zucker (1944), 578.
3 H.H. Reed, Jr, ‘Monumental Architecture or the Art of Pleasing in Civic
Design’, Perspecta, The Yale Architectural Journal, no. 1, 1952, 51.
4 P. Johnson, ‘House at New Canaan, Connecticut’, The Architectural
Review, vol. CVIII, no. 645, September 1950, 155.
5 L.I. Kahn, ‘Toward a Plan for Midtown Philadelphia’, Perspecta, The
Yale Architectural Journal, no. 2, 1953, 23.
6 ‘On the Responsibility of the Architect’, Perspecta, The Yale
Architectural Journal, no. 2, 1953, 47.
7 Ibid.

Part III
Chapter 1
1 H.-R. Hitchcock and P. Johnson, ‘IV. A First Principle. Architecture as
Volume’, in The International Style (1995), 56.
2 D. Gebhard, ‘The Making of a Personal Style’, in Schindler (1971), 82.
3 R.J. Neutra, Survival Through Design (1954), 86.
4 A. Cox, ‘Highpoint II, North Hill, Highgate’, Focus, vol. 1, issue 2,
Winter 1938, 76.
5 Le Corbusier and P. Jeanneret, Oeuvre complète, vol. 1, 9th edn (1967),
6.
6 S. Papadaki, The Work of Oscar Niemeyer (1950), 5.
7 M. Bill, ‘Report on Brazil’, The Architectural Review, vol. 116, no. 694,
October 1954, 238.
8 K. Tange, ‘An Approach to Tradition’, The Japan Architect, January–
February 1959, 55.
9 K. Maekawa, ‘Thoughts on Civilization and Architecture’, Architectural
Design, vol. XXXV, May 1965, 230.

Chapter 2
1 E. de Maré, ‘Et Tu, Brute’, The Architectural Review, vol. 120, no. 715,
August 1956, 72.
2 R. Banham, ‘Polemic before Kruschev’, in The New Brutalism (1966),
11.
3 Ibid.
4 M. Tafuri, ‘L’Architecture dans le Boudoir: The Language of Criticism
and the Criticism of Language’, trans. V. Caliandro, Oppositions, no. 3,
May 1974, 37.

Chapter 3
1 U. Conrads, ‘CIAM: La Sarraz Declaration’, in Programs and
Manifestoes on 20th-Century Architecture, trans. M. Bullock (1971), 109.
2 Ibid., 110.
3 O. Newman, ‘Oscar Newman: A Short Review of CIAM Activity’, in
CIAM ’59 in Otterlo (1961), 16.
4 O. Newman, ‘Aldo van Eyck: Is Architecture Going to Reconcile Basic
Values?’, in CIAM ’59
in Otterlo (1961), 27.
5 Team 10 Primer, ed. A. Smithson (1968), 18.
6 G. de Carlo, ‘Legitimizing Architecture. The Revolt and The Frustration
of the School of Architecture’, Forum, vol. 23, April 1972, 12.

Chapter 4
1 M. Heidegger, ‘Building, Dwelling and Thinking’, in Poetry, Language,
Thought (1971), 154.
2 P. Cook, ‘Chapter 5: The Building as an Operation’, in Architecture:
Action and Plan (1967), 90.
3 G. Nitschke, ‘Whatever Happened to the Metabolists?: Akira Sibuya’,
Architectural Design, vol. XXXVII, May 1967, 216.
4 Arata Isozaki Atelier, ‘Fukuoka Sogo Bank Nagasumi Branch’, The
Japan Architect, vol. 47, no. 8–188, August 1972, 59.
5 T. Ito, ‘Collage and Superficiality in Architecture’, in A New Wave of
Japanese Architecture, ed. K. Frampton (1978), 68.
6 C. Schnaidt, ‘Architecture and Political Commitment’, Ulm. Journal of
the Ulm School for Design, vol. 19/20, August 1967, 26.
7 Ibid., 29.
8 ‘Counterdesign as Postulation: Superstudio’, in Italy: The New Domestic
Landscape. Achievements and Problems of Italian Design, ed. E. Ambasz
(1972), 251.
9 Ibid., 246.
10 H.Marcuse, Eros and Civilization: a Philosophical Inquiry into Freud
(1974), 139.
11 W. Mangin, ‘Urbanisation Case History in Peru’, Architectural Design,
vol. XXXIII, August 1963, 366.
12 R. Venturi, ‘Accommodation and the Limitations of Order: The
Conventional Element’, in Complexity and Contradiction (1977), 42.
13 R. Venturi, D. Scott Brown and S. Izenour, ‘The Architecture of the
Strip’, in Learning from Las Vegas, rev. edn (1977), 35.
14 R. Venturi, D. Scott Brown and S. Izenour, ‘Architectural
Monumentality and the Big, Low Space’, in Learning from Las Vegas, rev.
edn (1977), 50.
15 A. Rossi, ‘An Analogical Architecture’, A+U, no. 65, 76:05, May 1976,
74.
16 O.M. Ungers, ‘The Theme of Transformation or the Morphology of the
Gestalt’, in Architecture as Theme. Lotus Documents (1982), 15.
17 ‘Aldo van Eyck: The Interior of Time’, in Meaning in Architecture, ed.
C. Jencks and G. Baird (1970), 171.
18 ‘Aldo van Eyck: “Même dans notre coeur. Anna was, Livia is,
Plurabelle’s to be”’, Forum, July 1967, 28.
19 H. Hertzberger, ‘Form and Programme are Reciprocally Evocative’,
Forum, July 1967, 5.
20 J. Buch, ‘A Rich Spatial Experience’, in 1989–1990 Yearbook.
Architecture in The Netherlands (1990), 62.
21 N. Foster, ‘Hong Kong and Shanghai Headquarters’, in Norman Foster,
vol. 2 (2002), 110.
22 F. Achleitner, ‘Viennese Positions. Hans Hollein: Travel Office,
Vienna, 1977’, Lotus International, no. 29, October–December 1980, 9.
23 P. Johnson and M. Wigley, ‘Mark Wigley: Deconstructivist
Architecture’, in Deconstructivist Architecture (1988), 17.

Chapter 5
1 P. Ricoeur, ‘The Question of Power: Universal Civilization and National
Cultures’, in History and Truth, trans. C.A. Kelbley (1965), 276.
2 A. Siza, ‘To catch a precise moment of flittering image in all its shades’,
A+U, no. 123, December 1980, 9.
3 E.Ambasz, ‘Luis Barragán, Extracted from Conversations with Emilio
Ambasz’, in The Architecture of Luis Barragán (1976), 9.
4 C. Bamford Smith, Builders in the Sun (1967), 60.
5 ‘Critical Positions in Architectural Regionalism. Harwell Hamilton
Harris: Regionalism and Nationalism in Architecture’, in Architectural
Regionalism. Collected Writings on Place, Identity, Modernity, and
Tradition, ed. V.B. Canizaro (2007), 58.
6 ‘Civic Riverfront Plaza Competition Fort Lauderdale, Florida’, in Harry
Wolf (1993), 54.
7 T. Carloni, in Tendenzen: Neuere Architektur im Tessin [Tendencies:
Recent Architecture in Ticino] (2010), 20 [German], 159 [English].
8 T. Ando, ‘From Self-enclosed Modern Architecture toward Universality’,
The Japan Architect: International Edition of Shinkenchiku, no. 301, May
1982, 8.
9 Ibid., 9.
10 Ibid., 12.
11 A. Tzonis and L. Lefaivre, ‘The Grid and the Pathway. An Introduction
to the Work of Dimitris and Susana Antonakakis’, Architecture in Greece,
no. 15, 1981, 178.
12 L. Lefaivre and A. Tzonis, ‘Dimitri Pikionis. Pathway up the Acropolis
and the Philopappos Hill, Athens, Greece 1953–57’, in Critical
Regionalism. Architecture and Identity in a Globalized World (2003), 70.

Part IV
Chapter 1
Canada
1 ‘Gleneagles Community Centre. West Vancouver, British Columbia.
2000–2003’, in Patkau Architects (2006), 165.
2 B. Shim and H. Sutcliffe, ‘The Craft of Place’, in Five North American
Architects: an Anthology by Kenneth Frampton (2011), 41–42.

Brazil
1 L. Carranza and F. Luiz Lara. Modern Architecture in Latin America:
Art, Technology, and Utopia (2014), 237–39.

Venezuela
1 J. Tenreiro Degwitz, ‘Jesus Tenreiro-Degwitz Talks with Carlos
Brillembourg’, Bomb 86, Winter 2004.

Chile
1 B. Bergdoll, et al., Latin America in Construction: Architecture, 1955–
1980 (2015), 164.

Chapter 2
Saudi Arabia
1 H.-U. Khan, ‘Expressing Identities through Architecture’, in World
Architecture 1900–2000: A Critical Mosaic, vol. 5: The Middle East, ed. K.
Frampton (1999), xxxiv.
Iran
1 F. Derakhshani, ‘Longing and Contemporary: Iran, New Forms of Self-
Expression’, in Atlas: Architectures of the 21st Century: Africa and Middle
East, ed. L. Fernández-Galiano (2004), 230–31.

Chapter 3
Introduction
1 K. Frampton, et al., World Architecture 1900–2000: A Critical Mosaic,
vol. 10: South East Asia (2002), xvii.

India
1 R. Mehrotra, Architecture in India since 1900 (2011).
2 P. Wilson, El Croquis, 157, 2011, 31–33.

China
1 R. Koolhaas, Project on the City I: Great Leap Forward (2001).

Japan
1 F. Maki and M. Ohtaka, ‘Some Thoughts on Collective Form’, in
Structure in Art and in Science, ed. G. Kepes (1965), 120.
2 S. Lalat, ‘Fujisawa Gymnasium’, in Fumihiko Maki. An Aesthetic of
Fragmentation (1988), 82.

Australia
1 J. Taylor, Australian Architecture since 1960 (1986), 109.
2 P. Drew, Leaves of Iron (1987).
3 H. Beck and J. Cooper, ‘Glenn Murcutt: Arthur and Yvonne Boyd
Education Centre, Riversdale, New South Wales, Australia’, UME, no. 10,
1999, 48.

Chapter 4
France
1 El Croquis, 177–178, January 2015, 314.

Belgium
1 P. Puttemans and L. Herve, Modern Architecture in Belgium (1976),
152–54.
2 Stephane Beel: 1992 2005: Estranged Familiarity (2005), 7–9.
Greece
1 S. Condaratos and W. Wang, eds, 20th-Century Architecture, Greece
(1999), 34.
2 Ibid., 228.
3 K. Skousbøll, Greek Architecture Now (2006), 300.

Former Yugoslavia
1 V. Kulić, ‘Building Brotherhood and Unity’, in Towards a Concrete
Utopia: Architecture in Yugoslavia 1948–1980 (2018), 33.
2 M. Mrduljaš, ‘Toward an Affordable Arcadia’, in Towards a Concrete
Utopia: Architecture in Yugoslavia 1948–1980 (2018), 83.

Germany
1 U. Schwarz, New German Architecture: a Reflexive Modernism (2002),
28.

Part IV
Architecture in the Age of Globalization
1 M. O’Connor, ed., Is Capitalism Sustainable?: Political Economy and
the Politics of Ecology (1994), 55.
2 The Jerusalem Seminar in Architecture, ‘Lecture: Peter Walker’, in
Technology, Place and Architecture, ed. K. Frampton with A. Spector and
L. Reed Rosman (1998), 175.
3 Foreign Office Architects, ‘International Port Terminal Yokohama’, in
Phylogenesis: FOA’s Ark (2003), 228.
4 P. Buchanan, ‘Embodied Energy’, in Ten Shades of Green (2000), 9.
5 R. Weston, ‘Chapter 3: In the Nature of Materials’, in Materials, Form
and Architecture (2003), 96.
6 H. Arendt, ‘Specifically Republican Enthusiasm’, in The Human
Condition (1958), 201.
Acknowledgments
The author would like to acknowledge the continual support he
has received over the last half-century from the Graduate School
of Architecture, Planning and Preservation, Columbia University,
New York, including the support he received over the years from
the successive deans of the faculty under which he has served,
namely James Polshek, Bernard Tschumi, Mark Wigley and
Amale Andraos, and certain academic members of the faculty, to
whom he remains particularly indebted in this regard, professors
Steven Holl, Mary McLeod, Robin Middleton, Jorge Otero-
Pailos, Richard Plunz and Gwendolen Wright. Among the
secretarial assistants, student assistants and members of the
administrative staff the author would like to acknowledge the
enormous help that he has received over the years from Stefanie
Cha Ramos, Melissa Cherwin, Matthew Kennedy, Karen Kuby,
Justine Shapiro Klein, Karen Melk, Nabila Gloria Morales Perez,
Michelle Gerard Ramahlo, Ashley Schafer, Ashley Simone and
Danielle Smoller. He is equally indebted to Fernando Cena for his
recovery of footnotes, to Maxim Kolbowski-Frampton for his re-
drawing of a number of sections and details, and to Taylor Zhai
Williams for his indispensable help with finding and editing of
the numerous illustrations in Part IV of the fifth edition. Finally
he would like to express gratitude to Julian Honer and Ilona de
Nemethy Sanigar at Thames & Hudson, Sarah Yates for copy-
editing such a daunting text, and Maria Ranauro for her tireless
picture research.
Illustration Credits
1 Chronicle/Alamy Stock Photo
2 Photo A. F. Kersting
3 Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris
6 Plate 43 of ‘Altes Museum’ from Karl Friedrich Schinkel, Sammlung
Architektonischer Entwürfe, Ernst & Korn (Gropius’sche Buch- und
Kunsthandlung), 1858
7 Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève, by Henri Labrouste. Paris, France, 1843
9 Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris
11 Photo Mas
15 Museum of the City of New York
21 Courtesy Fiat
25 Photo A. F. Kersting
27, 29 Royal Institute of British Architects, London
30 Country Life
34 Chicago Architectural Photographing Company
35 Historic American Buildings Survey, photo Jack E. Boucher, 1965
36, 38 The Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation. Frank Lloyd Wright © ARS,
NY and DACS, London 2020
39 Henry Fuermann
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ARS, NY and DACS, London 2020
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57 Glasgow School of Art
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60 Hessisches Landesmuseum, Darmstadt
64 Bildarchiv der Österreichisch Nationalbank, Vienna
65 Courtesy Atelier
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76 Archives Henry van de Velde, Bibliothèque Royal, Brussels
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78 Bildarchiv Foto Marburg
84 Roger Sherwood, Modern Housing Prototypes, Harvard University
Press, Cambridge, Mass. and London, 1978. Auguste Perret © DACS 2020
85, 86 Auguste Perret © DACS 2020
87 Kaiser Wilhelm Museum, Krefeld
89 Firmenarchiv AEG-Telefunken
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121 Design by Karel Teige. Art Institute of Chicago. Wentworth Greene
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Engineering, Prague
125, 126 National Museum of Technology, Prague
127 Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam
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137 Roger Sherwood, Modern Housing Prototypes, Harvard University
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138, 139 Architectural Publishers Artemis. Le Corbusier ©
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141 Colin Rowe, The Mathematics of the Ideal Villa, MIT Press,
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142 Architectural Publishers Artemis
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147 © Centre Georges Pompidou, Bibliothèque Kandinsky, fonds Mallet
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148 Courtesy CNAM/Cité de l’architecture et du patrimoine/Archives
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185 Photo Hedrich Blessing
186, 187 The Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation. Frank Lloyd Wright ©
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191 Swedish Institute, Stockholm
192 Arkkitehti, Helsinki
194 Gustav Velin, Turku
197 Museum of Finnish Architecture, Helsinki
198 Museum of Finnish Architecture, Helsinki. Photo Welin
199 Museum of Finnish Architecture, Helsinki. Photo E. Mäkinen
200 Heikki Havas, Helsinki
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214 Bundesarchiv Koblenz
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227, 228 Architectural Publishers Artemis
229, 230, 231 Architectural Publishers Artemis. Le Corbusier ©
F.L.C./ADAGP, Paris and DACS, London 2020
232 Architectural Publishers Artemis
233, 234 Museum of Modern Art, New York, The Mies van der Rohe
Archives. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe © DACS 2020
236 Architectural Publishers Artemis. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe © DACS
2020
239 Photo Hedrich Blessing
241 United States Information Office
242 Tennessee Valley Authority
243 Buckminster Fuller Archives
244, 245 Courtesy Philip Johnson
246 By permission of the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania (all
rights reserved)
247 Photo Cervin Robinson
248, 250, 251 By permission of the Trustees of the University of
Pennsylvania (all rights reserved)
252 Photo Tim Street-Porter
253 Architectural Publishers Artemis
254 Redrawn by Stefanos Polyzoides
255 Courtesy Mrs Dione Neutra
256 Architectural Publishers Artemis
260 The Architectural Review
261 Pablo Picasso © Succession Picasso/DACS, London 2020; Alexander
Calder © 2020 Calder Foundation, New York/DACS, London
262 The Architectural Review
264 © Architectural Design
265 Antonin Raymond, An Autobiography, Charles E. Tuttle Co., Inc.,
Tokyo, 1973
267, 269 Retoria, Tokyo
271 Alison and Peter Smithson
272 The Architectural Review
275 Brecht-Einzig Limited
277 Alison and Peter Smithson
278 Dept of Planning and Design, City of Sheffield
279 © Architectural Design
280, 281 Alison and Peter Smithson
282 Courtesy G. Candilis
285 © Architectural Design
286 Archigram. Ron Herron © Ron Herron Archive. All Rights Reserved,
DACS 2020
287 Buckminster Fuller Archives
289 Tomio Ohashi
290 Retoria, Tokyo
291 Courtesy Richard Rogers. Photo Martin Charles
293 Milton Keynes Development Corporation
294 HfG-Ulm Archives
297 Courtesy Jahn & Murphy
298 Photo Tim Street-Porter/OTTO
301 E. Stoecklein
302 Olivier Chaslin
306, 307, 308, 309 Architectenburo Herman Hertzberger
310 John Donat
311 Hedrich Blessing
312 Malcolm Lewis
313 Courtesy Foster + Partners, London. Photo Richard Davies
314 Courtesy Foster + Partners, London
315 Retoria, Tokyo, Photo W. Fujii
316 Courtesy Michael Graves. Proto Acme Photo
318 Studio Hollein
320 Rem Koolhaas © OMA/DACS 2020
321 Courtesy Peter Eisenman
322 Photo Jean Marie Monthiers, courtesy Bernard Tschumi Architects
330 IBA, Berlin
331 Luis Barragán © Barragán Foundation/DACS 2020
339, 340 Courtesy Tadao Ando
342, 343 Courtesy Atelier
344 Photo Alinari/Topfoto
345 Howe & Lescaze
346 Walter Gropius © DACS 2020
347 Marcel Breuer, Alfred Roth, Emil Roth
348 Photo ullstein bild via Getty Images
349 Walter Gropius © DACS 2020
350 © Ezra Stoller/Esto
351 Marcel Breuer, Bernard Zehrfuss, Pier Luigi Nervi
352 © Ezra Stoller/Esto
353 Walter Gropius © DACS 2020
354 Julius Shulman photography archive, 1936-1997. © J. Paul Getty
Trust. Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles (2004.R.10)
355 Photo © Paul Warchol
356 courtesy Tod Williams Billie Tsien Architects & Partners
357 Photo © Michael Moran/OTTO
358 Photo © Andy Ryan
359 Courtesy Aman Resorts aman.com
360 Courtesy Harry C. Wolf
361, 362 Photo courtesy Stanley Saitowitz/Natoma Architects Inc.
363 Courtesy Safdie Architects
364 Photo DeAgostini/Getty Images
365 Photo John Fulker, courtesy of the Erickson Estate Collection
366 University of Toronto Scarborough Library, Archives & Special
Collections: UTSC Archives Legacy Collection, Series F. Photographs -
Box 1 (File 5)
367 Architects: A.J. Diamond and Barton Myers, Architects and Planners.
In association with R.L. Wilkin, Architect. Partner in Charge: Barton
Myers
368, 369 Photo © James Dow/Patkau Architects
370 Photo © Bernard Fougères/Patkau Architects
371 Courtesy Shim-Sutcliffe Architects
372 Photo Ed Burtynsky, courtesy Shim-Sutcliffe Architects
373 Photo James Steeves
374 Photo Frédéric Soltan/Corbis via Getty Images
375 Colección O’Gorman. Coordinación Servicios de Información
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Azcapotzalco México DF.
Photo Maricela González Cruz Manjarrez, Archivo Fotográfico“Manuel
Toussaint” del Instituto de Investigaciones Estéticas, UNAM.© Estate of
Juan O’Gorman/ARS, NY and DACS, London 2020
376, 377 © Estate of Juan O’Gorman/ARS, NY and DACS, London 2020
378 Photo E. Timberman, from Max L. Cetto, Moderne Architektur in
Mexiko (Verlag Gerd Hatje, Stuttgart, 1961). By permission of Bettina
Cetto
379 © Felipe Cliamo, LEGORRETA®
380 Photo © Fundación Armando Salas Portugal
381 Fundación ICA, A.C.
382 Courtesy TEN Arquitectos
383 Archivo de Arquitectos Mexicanos, Facultad de Arquitectura,
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
384 Photo Yoshi Koitani
385 Geraldo Ferraz, Warchavchik e a introdução da nova arquitetura no
Brasil: 1925 a 1940, Museu de Arte de Sao Paulo, 1965, p. 22
386 Photo © Nelson Kon
387 Paulo Mendes da Rocha
388 Affonso Eduardo Reidy
389 Photo Raul Garcez Pereira, Archive of Biblioteca da Faculdade de
Arquitectura e Urbanismo da Universidad de São Paulo
390 Photo © Leonardo Finotti
391, 392, 393, 394 Paulo Mendes da Rocha
395 Photo © Nelson Kon
396 Angelo Bucci/spbr arquitetos
397 Photo © Nelson Kon
398 Photo © Leonardo Finotti
399 Photo © Nelson Kon
400 Courtesy Sarah Hospital, Macapá, Brazil
401 Curitiba BRT
402 Photo © Germán Téllez
403 Courtesy Fundación Rogelio Salmona, Bogotá
404 Photo Gabriel Ossa. Courtesy Fundación Rogelio Salmona, Bogotá
405 Courtesy Ricardo L. Castro
406 Metropolitan Theatre, Medellín, Colombia
407 Laureano Forero Ochoa
408 Photo Iwan Baan
409 Cipriano Dominguez
410 Fundación Villanueva, photo Paolo Gasparini
411 Photo Mario De Biasi/Mondadori via Getty Images. Alexander Calder
© 2020 Calder Foundation, New York/DACS, London
412 Fundación Villanueva, photo Paolo Gasparini
413, 414 Courtesy The Estate of Jesús Tenreiro-Degwitz
415 Drawing taken from the book “Todo llega al Mar” published by the
Polythecnic University of Valencia in 2019. Reproduced courtesy Oscar
Tenreiro
416 Walter James Alcock
417, 418 Antoni Bonet i Castellana
419, 420 © SEPRA and Clorindo Testa, O’Neil Ford Monograph 4: Banco
de Londres y América del Sud, 2011
421 Photo Alejandro Goldemberg, courtesy MSGSSS Arquitectos
422, 423 Courtesy MSGSSS Arquitectos
424 Courtesy Archivo Williams Director Claudio Williams
425 Fundación Joaquín Torres-García, Montevideo
426 Julius Shulman Photography Archive, Research Library at the Getty
Research Institute, Los Angeles
427 Instituto de Historia de la Arquitectura, Facultad de Arquitectura,
Universidad de la República, Montevideo
428 Mario Payssé Reyes
429 Photo © Leonardo Finotti
430 Luis García Pardo
431 Photo © Leonardo Finotti
432, 433 Eladio Dieste
434, 435 Peter Land, The Experimental Housing Project (PREVI), Lima:
Design and Technology in a New Neighborhood = El Proyecto
Experimental De Vivienda (PREVI), Lima: diseño y tecnología En Un
Nuevo Barrio. Universidad De Los Andes, 2015
436 El arquitecto peruano (January-February 1967)
437 Mazuré, Nash and Miguel Cruchaga Belaúnde
438, 439 Courtesy Barclay & Crousse, Estudio Lima
440 © Cristobal Palma/Estudio Palma
441, 442, 443 Photo Renzo Rebagliati. Courtesy Borasino Arquitectos
444 Roberto Dávila Carson
445, 446 Archivo Histórico José Vial Armstrong. Escuela de Arquitectura
y Diseño. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso
447 Fondo Mario Pérez de Arce. Archivo de Originales. FADEU.
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
448 Archivo Histórico José Vial Armstrong. Escuela de Arquitectura y
Diseño. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso
449, 450 Christian De Groote
451 Photo © Leonardo Finotti
452 Enrique Browne
453 José Medina
454 Photo Alberto Piovano, courtesy Mathias Klotz Studio
455 Photo © Leonardo Finotti
456 Photo Felipe Cammus. Courtesy Geman de Sol
457 Arq: Architectural Research Quarterly, Chile Issue 36. Cambridge
University Press, p. 51. Courtesy Archivo de Originales. FADEU.
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
458 © Roland Halbe
459 © Cristobal Palma/Estudio Palma
460 Courtesy Smiljan Radic Studio
461 South African Architectural Record, February 1937
462, 463 Adèle and Antonio de Souza Santos, Architects
464, 465 Photo Dave Southwood
466 Photo Simeon Duchoud. Courtesy Kéré Architecture
467 Photo Onerva Utriainen. Courtesy Heikkinen + Komonen
468 Courtesy Heikkinen + Komonen
469, 470 Photo Onerva Utriainen. Courtesy Heikkinen + Komonen
471 Courtesy Heikkinen + Komonen
472 Courtesy Hollmén Reuter Sandman Architects
473 Photo Juha Ilonen
474 Photo Helena Sandman
475 Shadrach Woods architectural records and papers, 1923-2008, Avery
Architectural & Fine Arts Library, Columbia University
476 Courtesy gta Archives/ETH Zurich, André Studer Archives. Photo
Marc Lacroix © DACS 2020
477, 478 © Fernando Guerra/FG+SG
479 © Gerald Zugmann/Vienna, www.zugmann.at
480 © Aga Khan Trust for Culture
481 Courtesy Pedro Guedes
482 Ernst May
483 Photo Filipe Branquinho. Courtesy José Forjaz Architectos
484 Photo Christian Richters
485, 486 Middle East Technical University Archives
487 Courtesy H.U. Khan
488 © Cemal Emden and EAA-Emre Arolat Architecture
489 Courtesy Hashim Sarkis Studios. Photo Jean Yasmine
490 Photo Richard Saad
491 Photo Joe Kesrouani. Courtesy L.E.FT Architects
492 © Zaha Hadid Architects
493 Courtesy Mendelsohn Archives, Kunstbibliothek, Berlin
494 Courtesy Yacov Rechter
495 Photo © Zeev Herz
496 Courtesy Zvi Hecker
497 Sketch by Zvi Hecker
498 Al Mansfeld
499 Photo © Yael Pincus
500 Courtesy Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Cambridge,
Mass.
501 Iraq Consult (Baghdad) and Rifat Chadirji
502 Shubeilat Badran Assciates (sba), Amman, Jordan
503 Photo © Jay Langlois/Owen Corning
504 Aga Khan Visual Archive (AKVA), Aga Khan Documentation Center,
MIT Libraries/courtesy Arriyadh Development Authority
505 Utzon Archives/Aalborg University & Utzon Center
506 Kamran Diba
507 Photo Kamran Adle. The Aga Khan Trust for Culture
508 Courtesy AbCT Inc.
509 © Aga Khan Trust for Culture/Photo Al-Hariri Mokhless
510, 511 Utzon Archives/Aalborg University & Utzon Center
512 Kamel El Kafrawi, Paris
513 Drawing by Rahul Mehrota Associates
514 Courtesy Architectural Research Cell
515 Courtesy Madan Mahatta
516 © Charles Correa Associates, courtesy Charles Correa Foundation
517 Photo Pranlal Mehta
518 © Aga Khan Trust for Culture/Yatin Pandya
519 Photo Rahul Mehrotra
520 Blakrishna Doshi (Vastu Shilpa Foundation)
521 Courtesy Mindspace Architects
522 Photo Rajesh Vora. Courtesy RMA Architects
523 Courtesy RMA Architects
524 Photo Carlos Chen. Courtesy RMA Architects
525 Photo Tina Nandi. Courtesy RMA Architects
526 Photo Carlos Chen. Courtesy RMA Architects
527 Courtesy Sameep Padora
528 Photo Rajesh Vora. Courtesy RMA Architects
529 Photo Tina Nandi. Courtesy RMA Architects
530 Courtesy Studio Mumbai Architects
531 © Aga Khan Trust for Culture/Rajesh Vora
532 Photo Murlidhar Dawani
533 Habib Fida Ali
534 The Architectural League of New York
535 Louis I. Kahn
536 Photo Hélène Binet. Courtesy Kashef Chowdhury
537 Courtesy Kashef Chowdhury/URBANA
538 Marina Tabassum Architects
539 © Aga Khan Trust for Culture/Rajesh Vora
540 © SHATOTTO
541 Photo Sri Lanka Urban Development Authority
542 Courtesy Richard Murphy Architects
543 Courtesy Atelier Feichang Jianzhu
544 © Satoshi Asakawa
545 Photo Jin Zhan. Courtesy MADA s.p.a.m.
546 Wang Weijen Architecture
547 Photo Iwan Baan
548 Courtesy Jiakun Architects
549 Photo Iwan Baan
550 Courtesy Amateur Architecture Studio
551 © OPEN Architecture
552 Photo Su Shengliang. Courtesy OPEN Architecture
553 Courtesy Studio Shanghai Architects
554 Courtesy Scenic Architecture Office
555 Vector Architects
556 He Bin/Vector Architects
557 Chen Hao/Vector Architects
558 Photo Ziling Wang. Courtesy DnA_Design and Architecture
559 Kongjian Yu, Turenscape
560 Photo Chen Su. Courtesy ZAO/standardarchitecture
561 Courtesy ZAO/standardarchitecture
562 Junzo Sakakura
563 Rafael Viñoly Architects
564 Courtesy Maki and Associates
565 Photo World Discovery/Alamy Stock Photo
566 Courtesy Maki and Associates
567 Courtesy Tadao Ando. Photo Mitsuo Matsuoka
568 Photo Mitsumasa Fujitsuka
569, 570 Courtesy the archive of Swoo-Geun Kim
571, 572 Photo © Osamu Murai
573, 574, 575, 576, 577 Photo Jong-oh Kim. Courtesy BCHO Architects
578 Courtesy BCHO Architects
579 Photo Yongkwan Kim. Courtesy BCHO Architects
580 Photo Wooseop Hwang. Courtesy BCHO Architects
581 Courtesy Mass Studies
582 Photo © Kyungsub Shin
583 Harry Seidler 1950. © Penelope Seidler
584 Photo David Moore
585 Photo Anthony Browell, courtesy Architecture Foundation Australia
586 Photo Glenn Murcutt, courtesy Architecture Foundation Australia
587 Drawing Glenn Murcutt
588 Courtesy Peter Stutchbury Architecture
589 Photo Richard Stringer. Courtesy Clare Design (Lindsay + Kerry
Clare)
590 Courtesy fjmt studio
591, 592 Photo John Gollings. Courtesy fjmt studio
593 Photo Earl Carter
594 Photo © Albert Lim KS. Courtesy Kerry Hill Architects
595 Photo Irene Koppel. Courtesy Ernst A. Plischke Estate
596 Akademie der bildenden Künste, Vienna (HZ31012). Courtesy Ernst
A. Plischke Estate © DACS 2020
597 Courtesy Ernst A. Plischke Estate, from State Housing in New
Zealand, which is written by Cedric Firth (1949, S. 50)
598 Courtesy Ernst A. Plischke Estate © DACS 2020
599 Courtesy Warren and Mahoney
600 Photo Duncan Winder. Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington (DW-
3203-F)
601 AAL Library
602, 603 The Architectural Review
604 Dell & Wainwright/RIBA Collections
605 Photo Herbert Felton/Hulton Archive/Getty Images
606 Photo Heritage Images/Getty Images
607 The Architectural Review
608 Greater London Council
609 Michael Neylan
610 Photo Michael Carapetian
611 Michael Brown
612 Photo © Tim Crocker
613, 614 James Stirling
615 James Stirling and James Gowan
616 Alan Colquhoun and John Miller
617 Greater London Council
618 Photo Richard Bryant. Arcaid Images/Alamy Stock Photo
619 Tony Fretton Architects
620 Ute Zscharnt for David Chipperfield Architects
621, 622 Photo © Nick Kane
623 Photo Dirk Lindner. Courtesy Eric Parry Architects
624 Courtesy de Blacam and Meagher Architects
625 Photo Peter Cook. Courtesy de Blacam and Meagher Architects
626 Courtesy O’Donnell + Tuomey
627 Photo © Dennis Gilbert/VIEW
628 Courtesy O’Donnell + Tuomey
629 Photo © Dennis Gilbert/VIEW
630 Courtesy Grafton Architects
631 Photo Iwan Baan
632 Courtesy Grafton Architects
633 Courtesy Henri Ciriani
634 José R. Oubrerie
635 Courtesy Laurent Beaudouin
636 Courtesy Christian Devillers
637, 638, 639 Courtesy Kagan architectures
640, 641 Jourda Architectes Paris
642, 643 © Lacaton & Vassal
644 © Philippe Ruault
645 Photo © Pierre-Yves Brunaud
646 Photo Luis Davilla/agefotostock
647 © Archives d’Architecture Moderne, Bruxelles
648 Victor Bourgeois
649 Gaston Eysselinck Archives, collection Design Museum Gent
650, 651 © Collection Flanders Architecture Institute, Collection Flemish
Community, Archive of Léon Stynen-Paul de Meyer
652 © Archives d’Architecture Moderne, Bruxelles
653, 654 Architectural Press
655, 656, 657 Le Corbusier © F.L.C./ADAGP, Paris and DACS, London
2020
658 Courtesy Stéphane Beel Architects. Photo © Lieve Blancquaert
659 Courtesy Stéphane Beel Architects. Photo © Jan Kempenaers
660 Photo © Aerialphotography Henderyckx
661 Alejandro de la Sota
662 Courtesy El Croquís. Photo Lluís Casals
663 Courtesy El Croquís. Photo Hisao Suzuki
664 Courtesy Rafael Moneo
665, 666 Photo Duccio Malagamba, courtesy Cruz y Ortiz Arquitectos
667 Photo Lluís Casals, courtesy El Croquís
668 Photo Lluís Casals, courtesy Bonelli Gil, Arquitectes
669 Photo © Pablo Gallego-Picard
670 Courtesy Guillermo Vazquez Consuegra Arquitecto
671 © Roland Halbe
672 Photo Hisao Suzuki. Courtesy Guillermo Vazquez Consuegra
Arquitecto
673, 674 Courtesy Emilio Tuñon
675 Courtesy Nieto Sobejano Arquitectos. Photo © FernandoAlda
676 Courtesy Borasino Arquitectos
677 Photo Sèrgio Jacques
678 Photo Carl Lang. Courtesy Gonçalo Byrne Arquitectos
679 Photo Rui Morais de Sousa
680 Carrilho da Graça Architects
681, 682 Courtesy Souto Moura Arquitectos
683 Photo FG+SG (www.fernandoguerra.com)
684 Courtesy Claudio Sat Arquitectura Lda
685 Photo Alinari/Topfoto
686 Photo © Wolfram Mikuteit
687 Courtesy FFMAAM/Fondo Carlo Aymonino. Collezione Francesco
Moschini e Gabriel Vaduva. A.A.M. Architettura Arte Moderna. © Gabriel
Vaduva/FFMAAM/Fondo Carlo Aymonino
688 Giorgio Grassi and Antonio Monestiroli
689 Courtesy FFMAAM/Fondo Carlo Aymonino. Collezione Francesco
Moschini e Gabriel Vaduva. A.A.M. Architettura Arte Moderna. © Gabriel
Vaduva/FFMAAM/Fondo Carlo Aymonino
690 Università Iuav di Venezia, Archivio Progetti, fondo Giancarlo De
Carlo
691 Photo Alinari/Topfoto
692 Courtesy Franco Purini
693 Dimitris Pikionis Archive © 2019 Modern Architecture Archives
Benaki Museum
694 Technikia Chronika 1/7/1936
695 Stamos Papadaki Papers (C0845); Manuscripts Division, Special
Collections, Princeton University Library
696 Andreas Giacumacatos Archive, Athens
697, 698, 699, 700 Dimitris Pikionis Archive © 2019 Modern Architecture
Archives Benaki Museum
701, 702, 703, 704Aris Konstantinidis Archive
705 Kyriakos Krokos Archive © 2019 Modern Architecture Archives
Benaki Museum
706 Takis Zenetos
707 Architectural Press Archive/RIBA Collections
708 Courtesy Agnes Couvelas Architects
709 Constantinos A. Doxiadis Archives © Constantinos and Emma
Doxiadis Foundation
710 Ljubljana Museum of Architecture
711 Mihailo Janković
712 SSNO Military Construction Directorate, JNA Housing Maintenance
Directorate, Croatia
713 Photo © Miran Kambič
714, 715 Photo Damjan Gale
716 Edvard Ravnikar
717 Photo Wolfgang Thaler
718 Austrian National Library, Vienna
719 Archives Dietmar Steiner
720 Alois Johann Welzenbacher
721 Photo Studio Alfons Coreth, Salzburg
722 Architekturzentrum Wien, Collection, photo Margherita Spiluttini
723 The Estate of Roland Rainer. Courtesy Architekturzentrum Wien
724 The Estate of Raimund Abraham. Courtesy Architekturzentrum Wien
725 © COOP HIMMELB(L)AU
726 Othmar Barth
727 Akademie der Künste, Berlin, Hans-Scharoun-Archiv, Nr. 3793 Plan
175/006
728 Akademie der Künste, Berlin, Hans-Scharoun-Archiv, Nr. 3804
F.187/165. Photo Zeiss Ikon AG
729 Akademie der Künste, Berlin, Hans-Scharoun-Archiv, Nr. 3834 Plan
222/011
730 saai/Südwestdeutsches Archiv für Architektur und Ingenieurbau am
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Werkarchiv Egon Eiermann,
Photo Georg Pollich
731 saai/Südwestdeutsches Archiv für Architektur und Ingenieurbau am
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Werkarchiv Egon Eiermann
732, 733 Courtesy Ungers Archiv für Architekturwissenschaft, Cologne
734 Photo saai/Südwestdeutsches Archiv für Architektur und Ingenieurbau
am Karlsruhe rInstitut für Technologie (KIT), Werkarchiv Günter Behnisch
und Partner, photo Christian Kandzia
735 Courtesy Steidle Architekten, Munich
736 © Roland Halbe
737 Photo Moritz Korn
738 Herzog & Partners Archive
739 Photo Heike Seewald
740 Photo F.R. Yerbury
741 Kay Fisker
742, 743 Photo F.R. Yerbury
744 Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, Architectural Drawings
Collection
745, 746 Photo Jens Lindhe
747 KAB, Royal Academy of Fine Arts Library, Collection of
Architectural Drawings
748, 749 © The Aage Strüwing Collection
750, 751 © Utzon Archives/Aalborg University & Utzon Center
752 Photo © Hufton+Crow
753 Photo C. G. Rosenberg. ArkDes collections
754 Drawing by Max Söderholm. Gunnar Asplunds collection. ArkDes
collections
755 Erik Gunnar Asplund
756 Photo C. G. Rosenberg. ArkDes collections
757 Photo C. G. Rosenberg
758 Royal Society of Swedish Architects (SAR)
759 ArkDes collections
760 Photo Okänd/ArkDes collections
761 Photo Okänd/ArkDes collections
762 ArkDes collections
763 Photo Karl-Erik Olsson-Snogeröd/ArkDes collections
764, 765, 766 Courtesy Celsing Archives
767 Norwegian Museum of Architecture, Oslo/Byggekunst and Bengtson
Jim
768 Nasjonalmuseet, Oslo. Photo Teigens Fotoatelier/DEXTRA Photo
769 Tekniskmuseum, Oslo. Photo Teigens Fotoatelier/DEXTRA Photo
770 Tekniskmuseum, Oslo. Photo Teigens Fotoatelier/DEXTRA Photo. ©
Sverre Fehn
771 Riccardo Bianchini/Alamy Stock Photo
772 Nasjonalmuseet, Oslo/Ivarsøy, Dag Andre
773 Nasjonalmuseet, Oslo. The Architecture Collections
(NMK.2008.0734.052.004). © Fehn, Sverre. Photo
Nasjonalmuseet/Ivarsøy, Dag Andre
774 Nasjonalmuseet, Oslo. The Architecture Collections
(NMK.2008.0734.052.003). © Sverre Fehn. Photo Nasjonalmuseet/Ivarsøy,
Dag Andre
775 Nasjonalmuseet, Oslo
776 Nasjonalmuseet, Oslo/Ivarsøy, Dag Andre
777 Museum of Finnish Architecture, Helsinki
778 Photo Otso Pietinen
779 Marimekko Textile Works, Helsinki, 1974
780 Photo Arno de la Chapelle
781 Juha Leiviskä
782 Photo Arno de la Chapelle
783 Lahdelma & Mahlamäki architects
784 Photo Pekka Helin
785 Courtesy Helin & Co
786 Photo Tuukka Norri
787 Courtesy PWP Landscape Architecture
788 Photo © Lluis Casals
789 Courtesy Rafael Moneo
790 © Hisao Suzuki
791 Courtesy Rick Joy Architects. Photo Bill Timmerman
792 © Roland Halbe/artur
793 Courtesy of Zaha Hadid Architects. Photo Richard Rothan
794 Courtesy FOA. Photo Satoru Mishima
795 © Archive Massimiliano Fuksas
796 Courtesy Grimshaw
797 © Centre Culturel Tjibaou - ADCK/Renzo Piano Building
Workshop/John Gollings
798, 799 Courtesy Foster + Partners, London (concept sketches Norman
Foster)
800 Architekturzentrum Wien, Collection, photo Margherita Spiluttini
801 © Jan Bitter
802 Courtesy Alejandro Aravena
803 Courtesy d-company. Photo Terence du Fresne
804 © Eduard Hueber/archphoto.com
805 Courtesy Steven Holl Architects
806 Courtesy Henri Ciriani
807 Courtesy Henri Ciriani. Photo Jean-Marie Monthiers
808 Photo © Werner Huthmacher/artur
809 Photo Richard Bryant/arcaid.co.uk
810 Photo © Werner Huthmacher
811 © Lord Foster
812 Yiorgis Yerolymbos/SNFCC
813 Martin Lehmann/Alamy Stock Photo
Index
All page numbers refer to the 2020 print edition

References in italics indicate illustration figure numbers

4.3 Group 510

De 8 en Opbouw 146

A
Aalborg, CAC Engine Factory 598

Aalsmeer 145; 112

Aalto, Aino 224

Aalto, Alvar 153, 220–21, 224–31, 303, 342, 355, 376, 536, 600, 611, 621, 641; 192–201;
352

Aarburg, Aare Bridge 46

Aarhus, City Hall 596; 745; Moesgaard Museum 599; 752

Aasen, Ivar 610

Abalos and Herreros 559

ABC group 138, 142–4, 272, 285

Abe, Kōbō 501

Abraham, Raimund 355–6, 586; 330, 724

Abramtsevo 192, 193

Abu Dhabi 436

Achleitner, Friedrich 346

Adam, Robert 15

Addams, Jane 66

Addis Ababa, Dutch Embassy 450; 484

Adler, Dankmar 58–61, 63, 64, 369; 31, 33, 35

Aerdenhout, school extension 336; 308–9

Affleck, Ray 382

Agassiz, Seabird Island School 384

Agit-Prop 194, 195, 224; 162

Agra Fort 472

Agurto, Santiago 425; 436

Ahmedabad 474; Gandhi Smarak Sangrahalaya memorial 474; 517; Institute of Indology
475; Lilavati Lalbhai Library 528–9; Sangarth Studio Compound 475; 519; Sarabhai House
257

Ain, Gregory 376, 524

Aizpúrua, José Manuel 554

Alba, Antonio Fernández 555

Albers, Josef 135

Albert, Édouard 544

Albini, Franco 525, 568

Alcalá de Henares, parish centre of San Juan de Ávila 419

Alcock, Walter James (Jimmy) 410; 416

Alessandria, Casa Borsalino 354

Alexander, Christopher 377

Alexandria, Aghion villa 447; Bibliotheca Alexandria 445–6; 479

Alfeld-an-der-Leine, Faguswerk 122

Algiers 208, 310, 410, 426, 445; 175

Alington, William 524; 600

Alloway, Lawrence 300

Almere 552

Almería, Museum 561

Alphand, Jean Charles Adolphe 26, 28, 80

Altdorf, warehouse 46

Alvarado, Ruth 425; 442

Álvarez, Augusto 392; 383

Alvarez, Mario Robert, and Associates 414

Amabilis, Manuel 388

Amateur Architecture Studio 491–2

Amersfoort 552

Amersham, High and Over 286, 527; 602

Amsterdam, Ambonplein School 336; Amstellaan 80; Andreas Ensemble 533; Apollo School
336; Berlage’s office building 78; Cineac Cinema 145; De Dageraad 128; Eigen Haard 128;
Exchange (Beurs) 78–9, 80, 186; 51–3; Open Air School 145; 114; Rijksmuseum 78; Rokin
district 145; Solid 11 533; South Plan (1915) 80, 128; 54, (1934) 309; Stedelijk Museum
567

Anahuacalli 389

Anavyssos, Holiday House 703; Lanaras House 576; 707

Ando Hiroshige 504

Ando, Tadao 320, 361–63, 484, 502–4, 558; 339–40, 567

Andreu, Paul 489, 618

Andrews, John 383, 513–14; 366

Ankara 451; 486; National Assembly 451; State Monopolies General Directorate 453;
University 451

Antiparos, villa colony 348

Antofagasta, Salar del Carmen 428; 447

Antonakakis, Dimitris and Susana 363, 364; 342–3

Antwerp 548, 550; 655; Kiel Park City 550

Apeldoorn, Centraal Beheer offices 335, 336, 337, 338; 306

Aravena, Alejandro 634; 802

Arbeitsrat für Kunst 125–6, 132, 186

Arc-et-Senans, salt works 18

Archigram 316–17, 320, 488, 514

De Architectengroep 435

Architects Co-Partnership 529

Arda, Ahmet Orhan 452

Ardalan, Nader 464, 465

Arendt, Hannah 636, 641

Arets, Wiel 632; 801

Argan, G.C. 337

Arkan, Seyfi 451

Arles, Archaeological Museum 541, 638; 633

Armonk, Ehrman House 329

Arndt, Alfred 139

Arneberg, Arnstein 606

Arolat, Emre 453; 488

Arp, Hans 161, 406

Arp, Sophie Täuber 161

Arquitectonica 348

Arsh Design Group 465

Artaria, Paul 142, 285; 257

Art Deco 123, 171, 176, 250, 344, 370

Artek Furniture Company 225, 613

Artigas, João Batista Vilanova 395, 416; 389

Art Nouveau 54, 56, 71, 75, 107, 114, 176, 241

Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society 49

Arts and Crafts movement 25, 53, 54, 55–6, 71, 75, 82, 95, 100, 104, 105, 107, 119, 140,
163, 173, 225, 248, 521

Artucio, Leopoldo 415

Art Workers’ Guild 56

ARU (Association of Urban Architects) 225

Arup, Ove, and Partners 341, 468, 527, 529, 536

Ashbee, C.R. 50, 52, 54, 89

Ashmole, Bernard 286, 527

Aslin, C.H. 297

Asnova 197, 225, 243

Aspdin, Joseph 41

Asplund, Gunnar 223, 224, 242, 345, 555, 596, 600, 602; 191, 753–6

Astruc, G. 115

Atami Bay, Fukui house 293

Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal 451

ATBAT-Afrique 444

Atelier 5 360, 421, 634, 635

Athens, Agios Dimitrios School 576; 706; Amalias Avenue apartment block 576; apartment
block for refugees 572; 694; apartment buildings 576; Benaki Street apartments 364;
342–3; Children’s Garden 574; 698; Ekistics research office 576; 709; Fix Brewery 576;
 Karamanos House 525, 572; 693; K.F. House (Glyfada) 573; 695; Mount Lycabettus
school 572; Mount Lycabettus theatre 576; Philopappou park 364, 574; 341, 700;
Potamianos House 574; 697; Stavros Niarchos Foundation Cultural Center 641–2; 812;
Vettas Residence 575; 705

Athfield, Ian 524; 601

Atlanta 618; High Museum 348, 375; 319

Atlántida, Church of Christ the Worker 419; 431–2

ATO (Architects’ and Technicians’ Organization) 287

Auckland, AMP Building 524; Auckland Art Museum 517; Greys Avenue apartments 521;
Mount Eden apartments 521; Orakei apartments 521; Owen G. Glenn Business School
518; University College 521

Auer and Weber 622

Aulenti, Gae 540

Avanessian, Vartan 464

Avesta, paper-making factory 604

Avignon, TGV station 620

Avon Tyrrell 56

Aymonino, Carlo 330, 568; 687, 689

Azam, Rafiq 469, 484–5; 540

B
Backer, Lars 606

Backström, Sven 529, 602

Bacon, Henry 250

Badalona, Olympic Sports Arena 557; 668

Baden-Baden 588

Badger, Daniel 38

Badovici, Jean 179

Badran, Rasem 461

Baeza, Arturo 427

Bage, Charles 34

Baghdad, Central Bank of Iraq 460; sports complex 460; Tobacco Monopoly Building 460;
501; U.S. Embassy 460; 500

Baillie Scott, M.H. 56, 84

Baixas, Juan Ignacio 430

Bakema, Jacob 306, 309–10, 311; 279

Baker, Benjamin 36

Baker, Herbert 437

Baker, Josephine 103

Bakhtiar, Laleh 464

Bakunin, Mikhail 117

Balla, Giacomo 97

Bangalore, NSR-GIV Center 476; 521

Banham, Reyner 10, 300, 305, 316, 317, 568

Barcelona 29, 316–17, 556–7; 11; Bach de Roda bridge 621; Barcelonetta apartment block
554; Calle Nicaragua apartments 354; Casa Batlló 328; Casa-Bloc 288; Casa Milà 73–4;
46; Casa Vicens 72; Eixample 621; Horta Velodrome 557; 667; ISM block 354; 324–5;
L’Illa complex 621; 788–9; Maciá Plan 288; Olympics (1992) 557, 622; Palau Güell 72; 45;
Park Güell 73, 208; Paseo de la Bonanova flats 354; La Rinascente 568; Sagrada Familia
Church 73; 44; Sagrada Familia School 72; Sants Station square 556; Saria housing 557;
School of Civil Engineering 555; World Exhibition (1929) 187, 190, 234, 266, 335; 159–60;
see also Igualada Cemetery; Sant Just Desvern

Barclay, Sandra 425; 438–40

Bardi, Pietro Maria 233, 566

Barlow, William Henry 38

Bärnbach, museum 585

Barnes, Edward Larrabee 370, 374, 376

Barquisimeto, City Hall 408; 414; Hotel Jirahara 410

Barragán, Luis 356, 389–90, 425, 430; 331

Barranquilla 402

Barrionuevo, Francisco 557

Barshch, M. 198, 202

Barth, Othmar 586; 726

Barthes, Roland 348

Bartlesville, Price Tower 215

Bartning, Otto 125

Bascans, Ramiro 417

Basel, Petersschule 142, 143; 109; signal tower 632

Bassett-Lowke, W.J. 83, 84, 286

Batey, Andrew 358

Bat Yam, Town Hall 457–8; 495–6

Baudrillard, Jean 617

Baudot, Anatole de 43–4, 46, 76, 78

Bauhaus 107, 122, 125, 132–9, 159, 191, 195, 294, 322; 97, 100–106

Baumann, Povl 595

Baumgarten, Alexander Gottlieb 14

Baumschlager and Eberle 635, 636; 803–4

Bawa, Geoffrey 469, 486, 520; 541

Baxter, Woodleigh School 519–20

Bayardo, Nelson 415–16

Bayer, Herbert 136, 138

BBPR (Banfi, Belgiojoso, Peressutti and Rogers) 237, 525, 566, 567; 344

Bear Run, Falling Water 215, 216, 217, 566; 185

Beardsley, Aubrey 81

Beaudouin, Eugène 183, 285, 338, 540; 153–5

Beaudouin, Laurent 542; 635

Beck, Haig 516

Beel, Stéphane 551–2; 658–9

Beeston, Boots Pharmaceutical Plant 285–6, 529; 258

Behne, Adolf 125, 126

Behnisch, Günther 525, 590; 734

Behrens, Peter 84, 86, 88, 91, 107, 113, 118, 119–20, 122, 123, 124, 128, 132, 147, 165,
185, 199, 241, 286, 457, 521, 584; 87–9

Beijing 618; Beijing International Airport 489; Chinese Television Headquarters (CCTV) 618;
Commune-by-the-Wall (Bamboo House, Split House) 489; 543–4; Courtyard Hybrid 496;
Fragrant Hill Hotel 488; Garden School 493; 551–2; Linked Hybrid Building 379, 636; 805;
National Grand Theatre of China 489, 618; National Stadium 618; Ten Great Buildings
488

Beirut 454; Beirut Exhibition Centre 454; 491; Collège Protestant Français 454; Issam Fares
Institute 454–5; 492; Ministry of National Defence 454

Bélanger, François-Joseph 34
Belaúnde Terry, Fernando 420–21, 634

Belgrade, apartment blocks, New Belgrade 581; 712; Government Building, New Belgrade
581; 711

Belgrand, Eugène 28

Bellalta, Jaime 427

Bellinzona, Rotalinti House 331, 360

Benevolo, Leonardo 9–10

Benites, Juan 420

Benš, Adolf 154, 155; 124–5

Benscheidt, Karl 122

Bentham, Jeremy 337

Bentota, Bentota Beach Hotel 486

Bentsen, Ivar 595

Berenguer, Francesc 72, 73

Berg, Max 44; 20

Berlage, Hendrik Petrus 71, 78–80, 128, 145, 146, 157, 185, 187, 243, 336, 549, 568; 51–4

Berlin, AEG Turbine Factory 120, 122, 185; 88–9; Altes Museum 19–20, 269, 568; 6, 240;
Bauakademie 185; Baumschulenweg Crematorium 810; Berlin Building Exhibition (1931)
190, 191, 267; Berliner-Tageblatt building 127; Berlin Wall 639–41; Brandenburg Gate
19; Britz housing 147; Capitol Cinema 128; Chancellery 248; Checkpoint Charlie
apartment block 350; department stores 130; Free University 312, 598; 283–4;
Friedrichstrasse housing 349; Friedrichstrasse office building competition 131, 186; 157;
German Chancellery 641; 808; Grosse Schauspielhaus 127, 128; 92; Hansaviertel
Interbau (1955) 229–30; 201; Hauptstadt project 310, 311; 280–81; Haus des Rundfunks
596; Hotel Berlin 332; housing (Gropius) 150; International Building Exhibition (1987)
356, 591; Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church 588; 731; Kochstrasse housing 348;
Lindenstrasse housing 336; Mehringplatz proposal 311; Memorial to the Murdered Jews
of Europe 623; 792; Monument to Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg 187; Neue
Nationalgalerie 341; Neue Wache 19; Neukölln hospital 332; Olympic Stadium 250; Perls
Haus 186; Philharmonie 131, 588; 729; Prounenraum 141; Quartier McNair, Zehlendorf
635; 803; Reichsbank competition 187, 191, 263, 266, 267; 233; Schauspielhaus 19;
Schillerstrasse block 332; Secession Exhibition (1923) 131; Silk Industry Exhibition (1927)
187; Sommerfeld House 136; South Friedrichstadt plan 356; 330; Spreebogen
competition (1993) 639; Total Theatre project 149–50, 243; 118; Vinetaplatz housing
332, 591; 303; Wertheim store 93

Berman, Solon S. 13

Bermúdez, Guillermo 402

Bernau, Trades Union School 150, 456

Berne, Siedlung Halen 360, 530, 634

Besa, Jaime 428; 447

Bescós, Ramón 555

Bexhill-on-Sea, De La Warr Pavilion 525, 527; 605

Bexleyheath, Red House 49–50; 25–6

Bezard, Norbert 209

Bieler, Walter 633

Bijvoet, Bernard 145, 181, 182; 112

Bilbao, Guggenheim Museum 618, 624

Bill, Max 292, 322, 337, 426, 566, 568; 294

Bindesbøll, Gottlieb 223, 224

Bing, Samuel 106

Binney, R.K. 521

Birkenhead Park 26

Birkerts, Gunnar 338

Birkenshaw 36

Bizri, Amin 454

Björn, Malene 467; 509

Björkhagen, St Mark’s 604, 631

BKF 411

Blair, John 524

Blake, William 54, 81

Blankenberge, casino 548

Bloch, André 447

Blondel, Jacques-François 16, 17, 20

Bloomfield Hills, Cranbrook Academy of Art 372

Boari, Adamo 388

Bo Bardi, Lina 399, 622; 398

Boberg, Gustaf Ferdinand 221

Boccioni, Umberto 93–4, 96, 97

Bochum, University 310

Bock, Richard 67, 68, 69; 37

Bodiansky, Vladimir 183, 338, 444; 153–4; 475

Bodrum, Vicem Bodrum Residences 453; 488

Bofill, Ricardo 347, 354

Bogardus, James 38

Bogdanov (Alexander Malinovsky) 193–4, 195

Bogotá 400, 402, 618, 622; Alto de los Pinos apartments 403; Fundación Cristiana de la
Vivienda 402; 402; housing 402; National University 402; Residencias El Parque 403;
403–4

Bohigas, Oriol 354, 556–7

Boileau, L.-C. 76

Boileau, Louis-Hippolyte 241, 243

Bolchover, Joshua 490

Bologna 331

Bonaduz, bridge 633

Bonatz, Paul 241, 243, 250, 452

Bonell, Esteban 557; 667–8

Bonet, Antoni 411, 417; 417–18

Bonfanti, Enzo 331

Bonsiepe, Gui 322

Booth, George 372

Borås, Hestra Estate 611

Borasino, Oscar 425

Bordeaux, Botanical Museum 543–4; 641

Borgafjäll, ski hotel 604; 760

Borie, Henri Jules 171

Bosselt, Rudolf 86

Boston, Bay plan 296; University 374

Botkhil, cemetery 484

Botta, Mario 360–61; 337–8

Boullée, Etienne-Louis 17, 18, 21, 315, 325, 330, 393; 3

Boulogne-sur-Seine, Maison Cook 153, 172

Boulton, Matthew 36

Bourg-la-Reine, Villa Hennebique 43

Bourdelle, Antoine 115; 85

Bourgeois, Victor 147, 189, 546–7; 647–8

Bournville 30, 53

Bowman brothers 254

Boyd, Robin 471

Braem, Renaat 549–50

Brandt, Marianne 138

Brasília 209, 277, 290–92, 295; 264; Uruguayan Embassy 415; 428

Breamlea, Tucker House 518–19; 593

Breines, Simon 273

Brescia, Revolutionary Tower 233

Breslau (Wrocław), Exhibition (1913) 44; Home and Work Exhibition (1928) 131;
Jahrhunderthalle 44; 20; Petersdorff Store 130; 95; Poelzig’s office building 127

Breuer, Marcel 137, 138, 150, 151, 195, 271, 285, 292, 369, 372–4, 472, 513, 549, 581; 105,
347, 351

Brinkman, J.A. 145, 285, 286, 308; 110–11

Brisbane, Queensland Gallery of Modern Art 517

Bristol, Clifton Suspension Bridge 35; Gane Pavilion 373; warehouse project 302; 274

Britannia Tubular Bridge 36; 16

Brno 154; ‘double house’ (Eisler) 286; Exhibition (1929) 286; Hotel Avion 155; Tugendhat
House 187, 190–91, 266; 161

Broadleys 55; 29

Brown, Capability 26

Brown, Ford Madox 50

Brown, Neave 530; 611–12

Brown, Samuel 35

Browne, Enrique 431

Browne, Michael 530

Bruckmann, Peter 119

Die Brücke 125

Bruder, William 380, 623

Bruges, Auditorium 553; 660

Brunel, Isambard Kingdom 35, 36, 38

Brunet, François 34

Brunner, Karl 402

Brussels, Canneel House 549; 653–4; Cité Moderne 147, 546; 647; De Koninck House (Uccle)
548; 652; Hôtel Solvay 76; Hôtel Tassel 75, 76; 47; Innovation department store 76;
International Exhibition (1958) 550, 588, 607; 656–7; Maison du Peuple 76, 77, 104; 48;
Oscar Jespers’s House (Woluwe-Saint-Lambert) 547; 648; Palais de Justice 74; Palais
Stoclet 84, 90, 91, 222; 61–2; Tervuren Park 547; Van de Velde’s house (Uccle) 96, 99,
104, 546

Brutalism, 255, 258, 298, 392, 456, 590; see also New Brutalism

Bryggman, Erik 224, 611

Brynmawr, Rubber Factory 529

Bucci, Angelo 395, 399; 395–7

Buch, Joseph 336

Buchanan, Peter 628, 629, 631

Buckingham, James Silk 54

Buderim, Clare House 517; Dobie House 517

Buenos Aires, Banco Ciudad Casa Matriz 414; 422; Bank of London and South America 357,
411; 419–20; Casa Oks 414; 423; Casa Romanelli 411; Colored TV Studios 414; Conjunto
Rioja 414; 421; National Library 412, 414; San Martín Cultural Centre 414; SOMISA
corner building 414; Uruguayan Chancellery 415

Buffalo, Guaranty Building 62, 63; 35; Larkin Building 67, 68–9, 141, 187, 215, 216, 279, 335,
381; 40; Martin House 67, 68, 215; 38

Buildwas Bridge 33

Bullrich, Francisco 412, 414

Bundang, NHN Kindergarten 512; 580

Bunriha see Japanese Secession Group

Bunshaft, Gordon 452, 463, 598

Bürck, Paul 86

Burckhalter and Sumi 632

Burke, Edmund 15

Burle Marx, Roberto 289–90, 291, 349, 394, 410

Burlington, Earl of 15

Burne-Jones, Edward 49, 50, 51

Burnet, John 243, 527

Burnette, Wendell 380; 359

Burnham, Daniel 27, 62, 63

Buro Happold 463

Burov, A. 198

Burton, Decimus 38

Busan, Kiswire museum/training centre 512

Butterfield, William 49, 81, 84, 302

Byoung Cho 510–12; 573–80

Byrne, Gonçalo 562

C
Cabrero, Francisco 554

Cadbury, George 30, 53

Cádiz, Novo Sancti Petri housing 556; telecommunications tower 559; 670

Cairo 447; Elias Awad villa 447; Hilton Hotel 448; Ouzounian Building 447

Calatrava, Santiago 621

Calder, Alexander 406; 411

Calí 402

Callao, social housing 425; 437

Calpe, Xanadu development 354

Calvi, Hôtel Nord-Sud 177

Cambridge, Churchill College 301; Clare College 602; Gonville and Caius College 530; 610;
History Faculty Building 302; 276; Martin office 531; Selwyn College 301, 302; 273

Cambridge (MA), Baker Dormitory, MIT 228, 376; 352; Fogg Museum extension 345; Gund
Hall 514; Harvard University 369, 374, 376

Caminos, Horacio 412

Campbell, John 521

Campi, Mario 510

Campione d’Italia, Castioli House 360; 336

Campo Baeza, Antonio 558

Campo de’ Fiori, hotel 94

Campo Maior, Municipal Swimming Pool 562; 679

Canberra 513; Australian Parliament Building 345, 514

Candela, Félix 390–91, 419; 380

Candilis, Georges 306, 444; 282; 475

Candilis, Josic & Woods 421

Canella, Guido 568

Cañete, Casa Equis 425; 438

Canneel-Claes, Jean 549; 653–4

Cantagua Reutter House 432; 454

Canyon Point, Amangiri Resort 380–81; 359

Cape Breton, Danielson Cottage 387

Cape Town, Cecil Rhodes Memorial 437; Cheré Botha School 438; Inkwenkwezi School 438;
465; Rowan Lane housing 437; 462–3; University 437; Usasazo School 438

Cap Ferret 543–4; 642

Cap Martin, Maison E-1027 179–80, 182; 149; Roq et Rob housing 257, 301; 222

Caracas 618; 23 de Enero estate 406; Bello Monte housing 410; 416; Centro Simón Bolivar
407; 409; Ciudad Universitaria 357, 406; 411–12; Gran Colombia School 371, 406; 410;
Hotel Humboldt 407; Museo de Bellas Artes 406; Museum of Modern Art 291; Parque
del Este 410; El Silencio housing 406

Carbondale 273

Carloni, Tita 360

Carlyle, Thomas 48

Carr, Jonathan T. 53

Carrà, Carlo 97

Carriari, Massimo 525

Carrilho da Graça, João Luís 562–3, 565; 679–80

Cartagena, Casa de Huéspedes 404; 405

Carter, Peter 298, 301

Cartwright, Edmund 23

Casablanca 444; dock buildings 115; Nid d’Abeille Housing 444; Semiramis Housing 444;
475

Cascais, Paula Rego Museum 563; 681–2

Cascaldi, Carlos 389

Castel Henriette 77

Castellón, Museum of Fine Arts 560

Castle Howard 15

Castro, de 435

Cattaneo, Cesare 235, 237, 238, 239; 207

Cazzaniga, Alicia 412, 414

Celle, Siedlung Georgsgarten 146–7; Siedlung Italienischer Garten 146

Celsing, Peter 605; 764–6

Century Guild 54

Cerdá, Ildefonso 29, 621; 11

Cergy-Pontoise, Université neuville 542; 639

Cernobbio, apartment house 238

Cerro Paranal 622

Cervellati, P.L. 331

Cessart, Louis-Alexandre de 34

Cetto, Max 389; 378

Ceuta, Public Library 561; 671

Chadirji, Rifat 460; 501

Chadwick, Edwin 24

Chalgrin, Jean 1

Chalk, Warren 317

Chandigarh 209, 260–62, 290, 291, 430, 469, 472, 474, 506; 229, 231; Capitol 209, 260, 261;
232

Chandler 271

Chang, Yung Ho 489; 543

Chareau, Pierre 181, 182

Charlottesville, University of Virginia 379

Chatsworth 39

Chaudfontaine, casino 548

Chemnitz 106, 130

Chengdu, West Village Basis Yard 492–3; 548

Cherchell 257

Chermayeff, Serge 377, 525, 527; 605

Chiattone, Mario 95

Chiba, Gotoh Museum 532; Makuhari Exhibition Centre 501

Chicago 24, 27, 29–30; Auditorium Building 59–61, 369; 31, 33; Carson, Pirie, Scott store 63;
Century of Progress Exposition (1933) 251; Charnley House 61, 64; Chicago Tribune
competition 134, 148, 250, 370, 372; 99; Dooly Block 61; E-Z Polish factory 45; Fair Store
58; 32; Francisco Terrace apartments 66; Getty tomb 61, 64; 34; Glessner House 64;
Heller House 66; Hull House Settlement 66; Husser House 66; IIT campus 191, 266–7,
268–70, 301; 234–5, 239; Lake Shore Drive apartments 267, 270; 236–7; McCormick
Place 342; Marshall Field Wholesale Store 58, 61, 62; Midway Gardens 69, 70, 213; 42–3;
Monadnock Block 62; National Life Insurance Building 213; 181; Promontory Apartments
530; Robie House 69, 190, 213; 41; Schiller Theatre 65; Schlesinger and Mayer store 63;
Sears Tower 315; South Side 30; University 269; Wainwright tomb 61, 64; Walker
Warehouse 61; Wendell Smith Elementary School 342; World’s Columbian Exposition
(1893) 62, 63, 66

Chicago School 58–63, 98, 342, 369

Chieti, Students’ Hostel 238, 568; 688

Chipperfield, David 532; 618, 620

Chipping Campden 54

Chittagong, Chandgaon Mosque 482

Chitty, Anthony 286

Choisy, Auguste 21–2, 113–14, 116, 220; 8

Chongqing, Taoyuanju Community Centre 496

Chorley Wood, The Orchard 55

Chowdhury, Kashef Mahboob 469, 482; 536–7

Christchurch, University of Canterbury 524; Warren House and Studio 524; 599

Christiansen, Hans 86

Christo (Javacheff) 325

Christophe, Paul 43, 113

Chug group 456

Churchill, Henry 273

Churtichaga and Quadra-Salcedo 559

CIAM 80, 110, 131, 146, 147, 180, 205, 254, 285, 287, 288, 304–14, 527, 573
Cincinnati, Union Station 250

Ciocca, Gaetano 566

Ciriani, H.E. 332, 540, 541, 637–8; 302, 633, 806–7

CIRPAC 305

Cizek, Franz 133

Clare, Lindsay and Kerry 517; 589

Clare Design 589

Clareville Beach, West Head House 517

Classical Rationalism 113–16

Clérisseau, Charles-Louis 15

Climat de France 445

CNV 420

Coalbrookdale, Iron Bridge 33

Coates, Wells 287, 527

Coatesville, Carver Court Housing 271

Cockerell, Charles Robert 21

Coderch, Josep Antoni 354, 554, 557; 324–6

Coignet, François 42

Coimbra, University 562

Col d’Echele, Sartatti Monument 237

Cole, Henry (Summerly, Felix) 50, 54

Collegeville, St John’s Abbey 374

Cologne, Feinhals House 88; Hansaring housing block 590; 733; Ungers House 590; 732;
Werkbund Exhibition (1914) 107, 122, 123, 124, 128, 149, 241; 78, 90–91

Colombo, British High Commission 486; 542; Parliament Complex 486; 541

Colquhoun, Alan 298, 301, 531; 616

Columbus, Wexner Center 349; 321

Comasco group 235

Como, Casa del Fascio 234–5, 237, 554, 574, 595; 24, 203–4; Giuliani Frigerio

Apartments 238; Lingeri boathouse 233; Novocomun apartments 233; Sant’Elia School 234;
Trades Union Building 238; 207; War Memorial 238

Concepción, Teatro Regional del Bio Bío 434; 460

Condaratos, Savas 575–6

Connell, Amyas 286, 527; 602

Connell, Ward and Lucas 286, 287, 527

Considérant, Victor 26

Considéré, Armand-Gabriel 43, 44

Constructivists and Constructivism 93, 94, 97, 135–6, 152, 174, 187, 193, 195, 196, 225,
230, 232, 233, 243, 244, 272, 298, 299, 345, 349, 495, 529

Contamin, Victor 40, 75, 111, 182; 18

Contant d’Ivry, Pierre 34

Contemporary Style 297

Conti 238

Conzett, Jürg 633

Cook, Peter 317, 320

Cooper Llosa, Frederick 423

Coop Himmelb(l)au 585, 586, 628

Cooper, Jackie 516

Copenhagen, Bagsvaerd Church 352–4, 598; 323; Bellavista Housing 596; 747; Bellevue
Theatre and Restaurant 596; Fredensborg housing 598; 750; Fruekirche 223; Grundtvig’s
Church 221, 525, 594; 740; Kastrup Airport 596; 744, 746; Kingo housing 598; Monrad-
Aas House 596; Øregård School 595, 596; 743; Police Headquarters 595; 742; Radio
Building 596; Rosenørns Alle housing block 595; 741; Rothenberg House 596; SAS Royal
Hotel 598; Søholm Housing 596; 748;Thorvaldsen Museum 223; Town Hall 221

Corbett Harrison & Macmurray 252; 219

Cordemoy, Abbé de 16, 21, 22

Córdoba, Madinat Al Zahara Museum 560; 675

Cork, Glucksman Gallery, University College 537; 626

Cormier, Ernest 370, 382

Cornebarrieu, cultural centre 544–5; 645

Correa, Charles 421, 469, 473–4; 516–17

Correa, Federico 556

Correa, Fernando 425; 436

Correa, Marcela 434

Corrientes, hospital 412

Cort, Henry 23

CORVI 428

Cosenza, University of Calabria 568, 619

Costa, Lúcio 209, 289, 290, 291, 370, 371, 394, 399; 263–4; 386

Cottancin, Paul 43, 76

Couvelas, Agnes 578; 708

Coventry 308; 277; Cathedral 299

Craig, Gordon 107

Cram, Ralph Adams 251

Crane, Walter 52, 56, 81, 104

Cravotto, Mauricio 415

Cret, Paul 277

Critical Regionalism 351–65

Crittall, Francis Henry 527

Croce, Benedetto 245

Croix, villa 177

Crompton, Dennis 317

Cross & Cross 218

Crousse, Jean Pierre 425; 438–40

Cruchaga Belaúnde, Miguel 425; 437

Cruz, Alberto 415, 426–7; 445, 448

Cruz, Antonio 556; 665–6

Csaky, Joseph 181

Cubitt, James, and Partners 440

Çubuk Dam 451

Cuddleson, Bishop Edward King Chapel 534

Cuijpers, P.J.H. 78

Culot, Maurice 591

Cuneo, resistance monument 331

Curitiba 400, 622; 401

Cusco, hospital 423–5

D
Dacca, National Assembly Building 280

Dada, Nayyar Ali 480–81

Daejeon, Daejeon University Residential College 512; 581–2

Daem, Hilde 552–3; 660

Dalbert, Louis 181

Dalnoky, Christine 620

Dalokay, Vedat 480; 532

Dalsace, Dr Jean and Anne 181

Damascus, French Cultural Centre 540; 634

Dambulla, Kandalama Hotel 486

Dammert, Alfredo 420

Dance, George 16

D’Annunzio, Gabriele 93

Danyang-gun, Hanil Visitors’ Center and Guest House 512; 579

Darby, Abraham 23, 33

Darmstadt, Ernst Ludwig House 87, 193; 60; Exhibition (1901) 189, (1908) 88; 60;
Hochzeitsturm 88, 222; 59

D’Aronco, Raimundo 94

Darré, Richard Walter 247, 248

Daswatte, Channa 486

Datai 520; 594

David, Jacques-Louis 27

Davidson, R. 376, 524

Dávila Carson, Roberto 426; 444

Davos, Kirchner Museum 632

De Blacam, Shane 536; 624–5

De Carlo, Giancarlo 312, 313–14, 326, 525, 569–70; 296, 690

De Chirico, Giorgio 232, 236, 245, 246, 261, 572; 212

Deconstructivism 349–50

Deer Isle, Haystack Mountain School 376

De Geyter, Xaveer 552

De Groot, Jan Hessel 78, 79

de Groote, Christian 430–31; 449–51

De Klerk, Michel 128, 130

De Koninck, Louis Herman 547, 548–9; 652–4

De la Sota, Antonio 554–5, 559; 661

Delaunay, Sonia 176, 181; 146

Delft, ‘Diagoon’ houses 335

De Mars, Vernon 271, 285

de Mel, Amila 486

de Meuron, Pierre 618, 631–2; 800

Denis, Maurice 115

Derby, calico mill 34; Civic Centre 531

De Renzi, M. 235

Dermée, Paul 103, 166

Derrida, Jacques 350

Design and Industries Association 50

de Silva, Minnette 469, 486

De Smaele, Firmin 548

Des Plaines, United Airlines 342

Despotopoulos, J.G. 364

Dessau, Bauhaus 122, 137, 148; 101–2, 105; Törten housing 148; 117

Desvigne, Michel 620

Detroit, GM Headquarters 372

Deutsche Werkbund 56, 117–23, 124, 165, 189, 232

Deutsche Werkstätten für Handwerkskunst 119, 132

Devětsil 152, 286

Devillers, Christian 542; 636

Dhaka, Bait Ur Rouf Mosque 482–4; 538–9; Islam’s house 482; 534; Liberation War
Museum 482; Sher-e-Bangla Nagar 482; 535

Diallo, Alpha 440–42

Diamond, Jack 383; 367

Dias, Carlos Miguel 562

Diba, Kamran 465–6

Diederichs, Eugen 119

Diener and Diener 632

Dieste, Eladio 411, 417–19, 559; 431–3

Dissing and Weitling 460

Djurovic, Vladimir 454

DnA_Design and Architecture 558

Döcker, R. 147

Doha 436

Domenig, Günther 585

Domínguez, Cipriano 407; 409

Dondel, J.C. 250

Dorich, Luis 420

Dornbirn, radio station 585

Dorset (Ont.), Moorelands Camp 386

Doshi, Balkrishna 469, 474–6; 518–20

Douro Viaduct 41

Dowley, Noel 536

Doxiadis, Constantine 448, 576; 709

Doxiadis Associates 480

Drake, Lindsay 286, 287, 440

Dresden, German Exhibition of Arts and Crafts (1906) 119; International Hygiene Exhibition
(1930) 235

Dresdner Werkstätten für Handwerkskunst 118, 132

Dresser, Christopher 104

Drew, Jane 262, 440; 229, 232

Drew, Philip 515

Drexler, Arthur 342

Dubai 436; Burj Tower 618

Dublin, bus terminal 536; 1 Castle Street 536; 625; City Library 539; 632; Ranelagh School
537; RTÉ headquarters 536; Samuel Beckett Theatre 536; Timberyard Housing 537; 628–
9; Urban Land Institute 537; Waterloo Lane Mews 537; Wooden Building 536; 624

du Bois, Max 165, 167

Dubuffet, Jean 299

Dudok, W.M. 130, 547

du Fresne, Anatole 635

Dugdale, Michael 286

Duhart, Emilio 430; 451

Duiker, Johannes 145, 225, 336; 112–14

Dundee, Victoria and Albert Museum 632

Dunedin, Hospital boiler house 524; police station 521

Duquesney, François-Alexandre 21, 38

Durand, Jean-Nicolas-Louis 17, 18, 19, 22, 34, 109; 4

Durazno, church of San Pedro 419

Düsseldorf 119; Tietz store 88, 93

Dutert, Charles Louis Ferdinand 40; 18

E
Eames, Charles and Ray 337, 376, 606; 354

Eberle see Baumschlager and Eberle

Echternach 333; 305

Écochard, Michel 444, 454, 481

Eddystone Lighthouse 41

Edelman, John 58

Edirne, Ipekyo Textile Factory 453

Edman, Bengt 296, 298

Edmonton, University of Alberta HUB 383; 367

Eggericx, Jean-Jules 548

Egli, Ernst 451

Ehn, Karl 347, 521, 525, 584; 718

Ehrenburg, Ilya 141

Ehrenström, J.A. 221

Eiermann, Egon 525, 550, 588; 730–31

Eiffel, Gustave 36, 39, 40, 41, 75, 166

Eibink, A. 128

Ein Rafa 458

Einstein, Albert 128

Eisenman, Peter 345, 347–9, 350, 378, 623; 321, 792

Eisenstadt, radio station 585

Eisenstein, Sergei 178

Eisler, Otto 286

Eldem, Sedad Hakki 451, 452–3; 485, 487

Elementarists and Elementarism 136, 159, 160, 162, 173, 190, 191, 194

Elkouken, Bruno 180

Ellerbe Becket 489

Ellis, Peter 302

Ellwood, Craig 376

Emberton, Joseph 527

Emscher Park 621

Endell, August 132, 193

Enfield 54

Engel, Carl Ludwig 221, 222

English Free Architecture movement 50, 88

Entenza, John 376, 606

Erickson, Arthur 370, 383; 365

Erlangen, Academy 148

Erskine, Ralph 602–4; 759–61

Espoo, Finnforest Modular Office 615; Sello Library and Music Hall 615; Westend housing
611; 777

Essen 30

Eveux, La Tourette 259, 430; 226

Évora, Malaguiera housing 565

Evreinov, Nikolai 195

Exmouth, The Barn 56

Expressionism 74, 124, 128, 130, 186, 187, 230, 250

Exter, A.A. 197

Eysselinck, Gaston 547, 548

F
Faaborg, Art Museum 223, 595

Fagan, Gabriel 437, 438

Fahmi, Mustafa 446

Fairbairn, William 36, 37, 42; 16

Falsterbo, Villa Edstrand 604

Faqra 454

Fargo-Moorhead Cultural Center 344

Farnsworth, Dr Edith 268

Farrell, Yvonne 536

Fassler, John 437

Fatehpur Sikri 472

Fathy, Hassan 448; 480

Fehlbaum, Rolf 624

Fehn, Sverre 360, 525, 607–10; 769–76

Feilheimer & Wagner 250

Feininger, Lyonel 125, 133; 97

Fernández-Galiano, Luis 10, 11, 368

Fernández Larrañaga, Teodoro 432–3; 455, 457

Ferrari Hardoy, Jorge 411

Ferriss, Hugh 253; 220

Feuerstein, Bedrich 152

Fida Ali, Habib 480; 533

Fieger, Karl 136, 139

Figini, Luigi 232, 235, 237, 566

Filgueiras Lima, João Gama de see Lelé

Finley, James 34
Finsterlin, Hermann 125, 126

Firth, Cedric 522–4; 598

Fischer, Theodor 119, 146, 147

Fisker, Kay 595; 741

Five Architects 347

Fjærland, Glacier Museum 610; 775

Flato, Ted 380

Floirac, Latapie House 543

Florence, University 570; 692

Florya, Atatürk house 451

Fontaine, Pierre-François-Léonard 16, 19, 27, 37–8

Fontana, L. 235

Forbat, Fred 151, 573

Ford, Henry 213, 219

Ford, James 373

Ford, O’Neil 380

Foreign Office Architects (FOA) 625, 626–7; 794

Forero Ochoa, Laureano 404; 407

Forjaz, José 449; 483

Fors, Paper-making Factory 761

Forster, J.W. 55

Fortingall, cottages 82

Fort Lauderdale, Riverfront Plaza scheme 358–9; 332

Forth Bridge 36

Fort Worth, Kimbell Art Museum 341, 376

Fort York, visitors’ centre 385–6

Foster, Norman 413, 468, 489, 526, 532

Foster Associates 320, 337, 339–41, 630; 252, 310, 313–14, 798–9

Fouilhoux see Hood & Fouilhoux

Fourier, Charles 25, 26, 167, 211, 259

Fowler, John 36
Fox, Charles 39

Frampton, George 56

Francis-Jones, Richard 517, 518

Francis-Jones Morehen Thorp (FJMT) 517–18; 590–92

Frank, Charlotte 639; 808, 810

Frank, Josef 521, 584

Frankfurt, Applied Art Museum 348, 375; Architecture Museum 332; athletic stadium 340–
41; Bio-Center 350; Bruchfeldstrasse Estate 147; 115; Commerzbank 630; 798–9;
Hellerhof housing scheme 146; (housing) 147; Messehalle extension 332; Neckermann
mail order warehouse 588; 730; Olivetti Training Centre 588; Römerberg competition
312; 282

Frankfurt-Höchst, I.G. Farben Building 123

Frankfurt School 9

Franzen, Ulrich 370, 374

Free Style 241, 251, 269, 521

Frensham, Pierrepoint 53, 72

Frette, Guido 232

Fretton, Tony 533; 619

Freyssinet, Eugène 45, 46, 540; 23

Freytag 42

Friedman, Yona 207, 312, 316, 326, 335

Froebel, F.W.A. 66

Frugès, Henri 169

Fry, E. Maxwell 262, 287, 440, 527; 229, 232, 604

Fuchs, Bohuslav 155, 286

Fuchs, Josef 152

Fuentes, Carlos 390

Fuentes, Manuel 410

Fuglsang Art Museum 533; 619

Fujii, Hiromi 320

Fuksas, Massimiliano 628; 795

Fukuoka, housing 636; Shukosha Building 320

Fullaondo, Juan Daniel 556

Fuller, R. Buckminster 201, 219, 272, 277, 316, 317, 318, 370, 382; 248, 287; Dymaxion
House 136, 272–3, 317, 320; 243

Furness, Frank 58

Futurism 92–7, 203, 214, 215

G
Gabo, Naum 194

Gabr, Ali Labib 447

Gad, Dora 458; 498

Gaibandha, Friendship Centre 482; 536–7

Galfetti, Aurelio 331, 360

Galia, José Miguel 410

Gallego, Manuel 559; 669

Gallén-Kallela, Akseli 221, 222, 226, 227; 189

Gan, Alexei 194

Gando, school 440; 466

Ganser, Karl 621

Garabit Viaduct 41, 166

Garches, Villa de Monzie 103, 172–3, 258, 260; 140–41, 143

García Bryce, José 423

García de Paredes, Ángela 560–61; 671

García de Paredes, José María 561

García Mercadal, Fernando 288, 554

García Pardo, Luis 416; 429–30

García Pedrosa, Ignacio 561; 671

Gardella, Ignazio 354, 554

garden suburbs and cities 29, 30–32, 53–4, 72, 79, 89–90, 112, 140, 169, 546; 14

Garkau, farm 131, 624; 96

Garland 436

Garnier, Tony 22, 108–12, 173, 179, 183, 388, 540, 576; 82; Cité Industrielle 109–112, 164;
79–81

GATCPAC 554
GATEPAC 288, 354, 554

Gatley, Julia 521

Gato, Carlos 243

Gaudí, Antoni 71, 72–4, 75, 77, 208, 328, 417, 622; 44–7

Gaudin, Henri 540

Gauguin, Paul 104

Gavea 291

Gävle, Fire Station 221

Gaynor, John P. 38

Gehry, Frank 329, 350, 376, 618, 624; 298

Gelfreikh, V.G. 243

Geneva, League of Nations building competition 143, 173, 174, 243; 108, 144; Maison
Clarté 209; Mundaneum 174–5

George, Henry 54

George, Waldemar 178

Gesellius, Herman 221, 222; 190

G group (Gestaltung) 187, 190

Ghent, Eysselinck House 547; 649; law courts 552; Serbruyns House 547; University 546

Gholam, Nabil 454; 490

Giacumacatos, Andreas 573

Giannini, Orlando 69

Giedion, Sigfried 10, 177, 254, 273, 285, 306, 369, 373, 566

Giencke, Volker 585, 628

Gigon, Annette 632

Gigon/Guyer 632

Gilardoni, Virgilio 360

Gilbert, Cass 241, 250

Gilbert, Emile-Jacques 21

Gill, I. 357

Gilly, Friedrich 19, 21, 248, 344

Ginsberg, Jean 180, 542; 150

Ginzburg, Moisei 196, 198, 199, 202

Girola, Claudio 430

Gisel, Ernest 359

Giurgola, R. 342, 345, 514, 518, 620

Gladkov, V. 197

Glasgow, School of Art 81, 82–3, 84; 55–6; Mackintosh’s apartment 83; Queen’s Cross
Church of Scotland 81; Willow Tea Rooms 83–4

Glasgow Four 81, 86

Glasgow School 71, 81–4

Glass Chain 123, 124–31, 186, 230, 315

Godin, Jean-Baptiste André 26; 9

Godsell, Sean 518–19, 520; 593

Godwin, E.W. 53, 104

Goeritz, Mathias 357, 390; 331, 379

Goiânia, Serra Dourada stadium 396

Gold, Michael 530

Goldsmith, Myron 342, 372

Golossov, Ilya 233

Gomes da Silva, João 565

Gómez Palacio, Durango, Renault assembly plant 622

Gondoin, Jacques 17, 19

Gong Dong 496

González de León, Teodoro 392

Göteborg, Carl Johan School 223

Gothic Revival 48, 53, 81, 82, 102, 220, 221, 302, 383, 641

Gowan, James 301, 302, 414, 530, 531; 272–3, 275, 615

Goycoolea, Robert 430; 451

Graafland, Ari 350

Graeff, Werner 141, 187

Grafton Architects 536, 537–9; 630–32

Graham, Bruce 315

Graham, Dan 552

Graña Acuña, Antonio 423

Grassi, Giorgio 238, 330, 525, 568

Graubünden, Traversina Bridge, Via Mala 633

Graves, Michael 342, 343, 344–5, 348, 378; 316

Gray, Eileen 179–80, 181, 542

Graz 585; botanical gardens 585, 628; Steinhaus 585

Great Lakes, Marine Gunnery School 337; 311

Greenbelt New Towns 271, 377

Greene, Colonel 37

Greene, David 317

Greene and Greene 358

Greensburg, machine shop 44

Greenwald, Herbert 270

Greenwich (CT), Brant House 329

Gregotti, Vittorio 331, 360, 361, 525, 568, 570, 619, 622; 692

Griffin, Walter Burley 471, 513, 521

Grimshaw, Nicholas 628; 796

Griñán, Fernando Sánchez 425; 436

Groningen 78

Gropius, Walter 121, 122, 124, 125–6, 132–3, 134–5, 136–7, 138, 147, 148–51, 159, 189,
243, 271, 275, 306, 369, 370, 372, 373–4, 420, 472, 513, 566; 90, 99, 101–2, 105, 117–
19, 135, 346, 353

Grotenfelt, Georg 614

Group 91 536–7

Grung, Geir 607

gruppo 7 232, 233

Grupo Austral 411

Grup R 354

Guadet, Julien 22, 109, 113, 173

Guadet, Paul 115

Guanajuato, National Laboratory of Genomics 392; 382

Guangzhou, Tulou Collective Housing 495

Guayana, CVG headquarters 407–8; 413

Guazzoni 238

Gubin, Wolf House 187

Guedes, Pancho 438, 449; 481

Güell Bacigalupi, Eusebio 72

Guelmim, School of Technology 445; 477

Guerrini, Giovanni 236; 213

Guild of Handicraft 54, 89

Guildford, Sturgis House 55

Guimarães, Santa Marinha da Costa Convent hotel 562; 677

Guimard, Hector 76–7, 113; 49–50

Guise, Familistère 26; 9

Gull, Gustav 79

Gullichsen, Harry 225

Gullichsen, Kairamo and Vormala 611, 614; 777

Gullichsen, Mairea 225, 227

Gut Garkau see Gurkau

Guyer, Mark 632

Gwathmey, Charles 348, 378

H
Habermas, Jürgen 10, 11, 306, 307, 342, 343

Habich, Ludwig 86, 87

Habraken, Nicolaas J. 207, 325–6, 335, 590–91

Hadid, Zaha 348, 454–5, 624; 492; 793

Haefeli, Max 285; 257

Haesler, Otto 146–7

Hagen 106; Crematorium 120; Hohenhagen 105

The Hague, City Hall 375, 639; 809; Dance Theatre 350; Ministry of Social Welfare 336; 307;
Shell Building 253

Haifa 456
Hall, E.S. and E.T. 57

Hamar, Hedmark Archaeological Museum 609–10; 772–4

Hamburg, International Horticultural Exhibition 338

Hamilton, Richard 300

Hanganu, Dan 382; 364

Hangzhou, China Academy of Art (Xiangshan Campus) 491–2; Xixi Wetlands Artist Village
491

Hannover, Fair (1996) 592–3; 737–9; home for the elderly 546

Hansen, Christian Frederick 223

Hansen, Oskar 421

Hanson, Norman 288, 289, 437

Hara, Hiroshi 320

Harding, Valentine 286

Hardwick, Philip 33

Hargreaves, James 23

Häring, Hugo 131, 187, 230, 248, 624; 96

Harlow, Bishopsfield courtyard housing 530; 609

Harris, H. 376

Harris, Harwell Hamilton 358

Hartlaub, G.F. 140

Hasegawa, Itsuko 320, 501

Hasenauer, Karl von 86

Hassenpflug, Gustav 150, 151

Haussmann, Georges 24, 27–8, 42; 10

Havliček, Jan 154, 286

Hawke’s Bay, Patterson House 524

Hawksmoor, Nicholas 15

Hazard, E. 31

Heaton, Ralph 53

Hebei, Seashore Library 496; 557

Hecker, Zvi 457, 459; 499

Heiberg, Edvard 139

Heidegger, Martin 588

Heikkinen, Mikko 440, 442, 611, 614

Heiligenthal, R. 146

Hejduk, John 348, 378

Hedqvist, Paul 601, 606

Helensburgh, Hill House 84; 57

Helin, Pekka 611, 614, 615; 784–6

Heliopolis Oasis Co. 447

Helsinki 221; Aalto’s house 226, 227; Cathedral 221; Finnish National Theatre 222; Finnish
Parliament Building 223, 242; 209; Finlandia Concert Hall 231; Itäkeskus shopping centre
611; Kampii headquarters 615; Marimekko Textile Works 611; 779; National Archives
Building 222; National Pensions Institute 228, 229; 200; Railway Terminus 222; Senate
House 221; Shipboy Housing 615; 785–6; Suvilhati Power Station 222; Telephone
Building 222; University 221; University Library 222; Villa Ensi 222; Villa Hvitträsk 222,
228; 190

Hénard, Eugène 112, 165, 167, 168, 204, 308

Henderson, Nigel 299, 300, 307

Henley-on-Thames, River and Rowing Museum 532; 618

Hennebique, François 42–3, 45, 165; 19

Henningsen, Poul 596, 601

Hentsch, Jean 444; 476

Heraklion, Archaeological Museum 573–4

Herbst, René 180

Hereñú + Ferroni 399

Herne-Sodingen, Mont-Cenis Training Centre 543

Herriot, Edouard 109

Herron, Ron 316; 286

Hertzberger, Herman 333–4, 335–6, 337; 306–9

Herzog, Jacques 618, 631–2; 800

Herzog, Thomas 592; 737–9

Heyvaert, René 552

High-Tech 526, 532, 586

Hightstown, Jersey Homesteads 272

Hilberseimer, Ludwig 139, 147, 377

Hildesheim 332; Stadtloggia 332; 304

Hill, Kerry 520; 594

Hilton, Conrad 448

Hilversum, Gooiland Hotel 145, 182; Zonnestraal Sanatorium 145, 225; 113

Hindeh, Maurice 454

Hitchcock, Henry-Russell 216, 219, 240, 283, 370, 373, 566

Hittorff, Jakob-Ignaz 20

Hodgkinson, Eton 36

Hodgkinson, Patrick 530; 610

Hodler, Ferdinand 77

Hoetger, Bernhard 125

Hoffmann, Josef 55, 84, 86, 88–90, 91, 113, 119, 122, 158, 164, 165, 222, 223, 224, 243,
344, 345; 61–2

Hoffmann, Ludwig 131

Holl, Steven 378–9, 636; 355, 358, 805

Hollein, Hans 319, 345–7, 585; 315, 318

Hollmén, Reuter and Sandman 442; 472–4

Holm, Lennart 297, 298

Holscher, Knud 598

Holsoe, Paul 596

Hölzel, Adolf 133

Holzmeister, Clemens 451, 585

Hong Kong, Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation headquarters 339–40, 413; 313;
Polytechnic University 490

Honzík, Karek 154, 286

Hood, Raymond 241, 250, 251, 252; 219

Hood & Fouilhoux 252; 219

Hook 532; 617

Hope, Thomas 16

Horiguchi, Sutemi 500

Horta, Victor 71, 75–6, 77, 78, 104, 243; 47–8

Hoste, Huib 546, 550

Houston 618; Bank of the South West 297

Howard, Ebenezer 30–31, 32, 53–4, 112; 14

Howe, George 272, 275, 372; 345

Howell, Jill 306

Howell, John Mead 250

Howell, William (Bill) 298, 301, 306, 530

Hsieh Ying-Chun 495

Hubacher, Carl 285; 257

Huber, Patriz 87

Huet, Bernard 540

Hughes, Howard 317

Huidobro, Borja 431

Huis ter Heide, villa 157

Humanism 242, 290, 298

Hunstanton School 299, 301, 530; 270

Hunt, Richard Morris 369

Hunt, William Holman 49

Huszar, Vilmos 156, 159

Hütteldorf 86, 91

Hwang In-Young 511

Hyatt, Thaddeus 42

Hyderabad, KMC Corporate Office 476, 477; 525–6

Hyères, Noailles villa 177

I
Ianelli, Alfonso 62, 69

Igualada Cemetery 622; 790

Image, Selwyn 54

Imperial Crown Style 500

Indore, Aranya Community Housing 476; 518, 520

Inguez/Vasquez 421

Inkhuk 194

Innsbruck, Lohbach Siedlung 635; 804; radio station 585

International Style 101, 189, 269, 282–96, 416, 456

Iofan, Boris M. 179, 243; 210, 217

Iommi, Godofredo 415, 427, 429–30

Iowa City, University, Art Building West 378; 358

Ipswich, Willis-Faber & Dumas Building 337, 338, 532; 252, 310

Iquique, housing project 634; 802

Isfahan, Ali Qapu palace 641

Islam, Muzharul 469, 482; 534

Islamabad 480; Bangladeshi Chancery 484; 540; Shah Faisal Mosque 480; 532

Islip, law courts 376

Ismaïla, hospital 182; 152

Isozaki, Arata 318–20, 633; 290

Istanbul, Hilton Hotel 452; Social Security Complex 453; 487; University 451; 485

Ithaca, Cornell University 290, 296

Ito, Toyo 320, 501

Itten, Johannes 133–4, 135; 93

Ivanov, Ilarion 168

Ivrea, Olivetti buildings 237, 566

Ixtapa, Camino Real Hotel 622

Izenour, Steve 327

J
Jacobsen, Arne 525, 596–8; 745, 747–9

Jahn, F.L. 247

Jahn, Helmut 329, 343, 347; 297

Jain, Bijoy 469, 479

Jaipur, Hathigaion 476–7; 524

Jamaleddine, Ziad 454

Jansen, Hermann 451; 486

Japanese New Wave 318, 320

Japanese Secession Group (Bunriha) 293, 500

Jaurès, Jean 109

Jaussely, Léon 29, 110, 112

Jeanneret, Pierre 167, 173, 205, 255, 262; 137–8, 140, 142, 144–5, 172–
5, 177, 179, 221, 229, 232
Jeddah, Hajj Terminal 372, 463; 503; National Commercial Bank 461

Jekyll, Gertrude 56, 57

Jencks, Charles 328, 342

Jenney, William Le Baron 58, 62; 32

Jensen-Klint, Peder Vilhelm 221, 525, 594; 740

Jerusalem 456; Hassan University Medical Center 456; 493; Israeli Supreme Court 457;
Israel Museum 458–9; 498; Schocken Library 456

Jespers, Oscar 547; 648

Jessop 36

Jessore, Eco Resort 484

Johannesburg 288; Hotpoint House 437; Peterhouse Flats 437; Stern House 437; 461

Johansen, John 370, 374

Johnson, Philip 275, 276–7, 278, 283, 343, 345, 374; 241, 244–5

Johor Bahru, Kiswire research facility 512

Jones, Edward 530

Jones, Fay 376, 380

Jones, Owen 51, 64, 164

Josic, A. 282

Jourda, Françoise-Hélène 542, 543; 640–41

Jourdain, Francis 181

Joy, Rick 380, 623; 359, 791

Juanicó 419

Jucker, K.J. 103

Jugendstil 119, 122, 164, 222

Junquera, Jerónimo 558

Jyväskylä 224, 225; Airport 611

K
Kaan, Claus en 435

El Kabbaj, Saad 445; 477–8

Kada, Klaus 585

El-Kadi, Makram 454

El-Kafrawi, Kamal 468; 512

Kagan, Michel 541, 542; 637–9

Kahlo, Frida 388

Kahn, Ely-Jacques 251

Kahn, Louis 271, 272, 273, 275–80, 302, 310, 339, 341–2, 360, 361, 363, 376, 381, 387, 404,
408, 472, 474, 482, 536, 552, 641; 246–7, 249–51; 535

Kaira, Mikko 614

Kairamo, Erkki 611; 777, 779

Kaiserbad, Dam Works 91

Kalach, Alberto 393; 384

Kalambaka, Xenia Motel 574; 704

Kamakura, Museum of Modern Art 295–6

Kampfbund für deutsche Kultur 217

Kampmann, Hack 223, 595; 742

Kampor, Rab Memorial Complex 581; 713

Kandinsky, Wassily 124, 134, 194, 349

Kankakee, Hickox House 67

Kannan, Theo 454

Kannangara, Palinda 486

Kanpur, Indian Institute of Technology 472; 513

Kansas City, Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art 378

Kanvinde, Achyut 469, 472; 513

Kapelleveld 546

Karachi, Aga Khan University Hospital 481; Burmah-Shell oil company headquarters 480;
532; Business Administration Institute 481; Commodore Haq house 480; Lari house 480;
University 481

Karantinos, Patroklos 572, 573; 696

Karmi, Dov 456

Karmi, Rem 456–7

Karmi-Melamede, Ada 457

Karsten, C.J.F. 308

Kashid, Tara House 479

Kassel, Documenta IX 552; Siedlung Rothenberg 147

Kastner, Alfred 272

Kaufmann, Oscar 456

Kaustinen, Folk Art Centre 615

Kavakita, Rentchitchiro 294; 266

Kavouri 576

Kempsey, Marie Short/Glenn Murcutt House 514–15; 585

Kéré, Diébédo Francis 435, 440

Kessel-Lo, Immeuble d’habitation 651

Kettani, Driss 445; 477–8

Kew, Palm House 38

Khan, Ayub 480

Khan, Fazlur 315, 372, 463; 503

Kharkov, Theatre 294; 266

KHRAS group 598

Kidder Smith, G.E. 601

Kiesler, Frederick 277

Kikutake, Kiyonori 317–18, 423; 288, 434

Kilfrush House 536

Killick, John 301

Kilmacolm 84

Kimitoön, Villa Krona 615–16; 784

Kim, Swoo-Geun 506; 569–72

Kiruna 602

Kitakyushu, Central Library 320; Fukuoka Sogo Bank 319

Kitts Peak Observatory 372

Kivekäs, Eila 440

Klaarhamer, P.J. 158

Klabin, Mina 394

Klee, Paul 133

Kleihues, J.P. 332, 591, 592; 303, 315

Klein Rusland 546

Klenze, Leo von 21

Klimt, Gustav 86

Klinger, Max 89

Klingspors, Gebrüder 119

Klippan, St Peter’s Chapel 604, 631; 763

Klotz, Mathias 431–2; 454

Klutsis, G. 195

Knokke, casino 548

Koch, Alexander 84

Koechlin, N. 40

Koenen 42

Kohn Pedersen Fox 489

Kok, Anthony 156, 158

Kokoschka, Oskar 133

Kolbe, Georg 125, 190

Koliagbe, Poultry Farming School 440, 442; 470–71

Komarova, L. 198

Komendant, August 376

Komonen, Marku 440, 442, 611, 614

Kongjian Yu 496–8; 559

Konstantinidis, Aris 360, 364, 574–5; 701–4

Konwiarz 44

Koolhaas, Rem 348, 349, 350, 488, 552, 618; 320

Korayem, Said 447

Korhonen, Otto 225

Korhonen, Toivo 421

Korn, Arthur 151, 287, 309, 527

Kornfeld, Y. 198

Korschev, M. 167

Korsmo, Arne 606–7; 767–8

Kotka, Sunila Pulp Mill 225

Koula, Jan 152

Kouravelos 709

Kramer, Piet 128

Krantz, Jean-Baptiste 39

Kreis, Wilhelm 119, 249, 250; 216

Krejcar, Jaromír 152–3, 286; 123

Krier, Leon 329, 331, 333, 334, 344, 531, 591; 305, 315

Krier, Robert 333, 334

Kristaller, Walter 208, 209, 322

Kříž, Josef 154; 124–5

Kroha, Jiří 155

Krokos, Kyriakos 575–6; 705

Kröller, H.E.L.J. 186

Kropotkin, Peter 54, 58, 104, 219

Kruchonykh, Alexei 193

Krupp 30

Kuala Lumpur 533

Kubitschek, Juscelino 290

Kuleshov 349

Kulić, Vladimir 580

Kulka, Heinrich 521

Kultermann, Udo 435

Kuma, Kengo 470, 489, 504, 632; 568

Kumasi, School of Engineering 440

Kurashiki, City Hall 295

Kurchan, Juan 411

Kurokawa, Kisho 423; 434

Kurokawa, Noriaki 317, 318; 289

Kuwait City, Kuwait National Assembly 467–8; 510–11; Kuwait Towers 467; 509; Seif Palace
467

Kyoto, Toyota showroom 532

Kyriakos and Laskaris 694

Kysela, Ludvík 152, 153, 286; 259

L
Labayen, Joaquín 554

Labrouste, Henri 20–21, 76; 7

Lacaton, Anne 543–4; 642–4

La Chaux-de-Fonds, Scala Cinema 165; Villa Fallet 163, 164; Villa Jeanneret Père 165; Villa
Schwob 165, 172, 206

La Chesnaie, apartment tower 544; 643

Ladovsky, Nikolai A. 196–7, 199, 225

Laeuger, Max 119

la Fuente, Guillermo Jullian de 540

Lagardelle, Hubert 210, 211

Lagos, cultural centre 435

Lahdelma, Ilmari 614; 783

Lahore, Anguri Bagh housing 480; National College of Art 481; Shakir Ali Auditorium 481

La Jolla, Salk Laboratories 280, 339; 250; Scripps Neuroscience Institute 379; 356–7

Lake, David 380

Lalat, Serge 502

Lallerstedt, Lewerentz and Helldén 601; 757–8

La Luz 380

Lambert, Phyllis 270

Lamour, Philippe 210, 211

Lampens, Juliaan 551

Land, Peter 421, 634

Langhans, Carl Gotthard 19, 248

Lantian, Father’s House 489–90; 545

La Padula, Ernesto Bruno 236; 213

Larco, Sebastiano 232

Lari, Yasmeen 480

Lark, Reg 516

Larsen, Henning 461, 518, 598; 752

Larsen, Theodore 273

Lasdun, Denys 286, 287, 440

Lassus, Bernard 620–1

Las Vegas 327–8

Latz, Peter 621

Laufen, Ricola Warehouse 631

Laugier, Abbé 16, 21, 45, 300

Laurens, Henri 406

Lauritzen, Vilhelm 595–6

Lausanne, Exhibition (1963) 337

Lauweriks, J.L.M. 119

Lavinsky, Anton 168

Le Camus de Mézières, Nicolas 17

Le Corbusier 26, 32, 45, 90, 100, 102, 103, 109, 112, 114, 116, 131, 144, 148, 153, 162, 163–
75, 176, 178, 180, 182, 189, 195, 199, 229, 233, 241, 255–62, 282, 285, 288, 289, 290,
291, 294, 296, 301, 302, 305, 307, 308, 310, 315, 347, 348, 363, 375, 376, 388, 402, 410,
411, 426, 430, 437, 453, 460, 469, 472, 474, 500, 506, 513, 540, 542, 547, 549, 550–51,
581, 635, 638; 135–6, 138–45, 173–80, 221–31, 656–7; Cité Mondiale 174–5, 204, 205,
255, 260; Immeuble-Villa units 171, 204–5; 137; League of Nations entry 173, 174, 243;
144; Maison Citrohan 168, 169, 172; 134; Maison Dom-Ino 45, 142, 165, 167–8, 172,
187; 132–3; Ville Contemporaine 168, 169–70, 171, 206; 137; Ville Radieuse 199, 204–
11, 258, 280, 291, 302, 307, 308, 313; 172, 174; Villes Pilotis 165, 167, 168

Ledoux, Claude-Nicolas 17, 18, 19, 21, 112, 315, 319, 330, 344; 1, 5

Lefaivre, Liane 363–4

L.E.F.T. Architects 491

Léger, Fernand 254, 255, 306, 406

Legnano 567

Legorreta, Ricardo 390, 620, 622; 379

Le Havre 115, 184; 156

Leicester University, Engineering Building 301, 302, 414, 530, 537; 275

Leipzig, Steel Pavilion (1913) 124

Leiviskä, Juha 611, 614; 780–82

Lelé 399; 400

Lemaresquier, Charles 243

Leningrad see St Petersburg

Leonidov, Ivan 190, 200–201, 202, 235, 266, 348; 170–71

Leplastrier, Richard 516

L’Eplattenier, Charles 164, 165

Le Play, Pierre Guillaume Frédéric 40

Lequeu, Jean-Jacques 330

Le Raincy, Notre-Dame 115–16, 176

Lerner, Jaime 622

Le Roy, Julien-David 15

Lescaze, William 254, 275, 372; 345

Lesseps, Ferdinand de 446

Letchworth 32, 54, 112, 297

Lethaby, W.R. 50, 52, 56, 82

Lethbridge, University 383

Letterfrack, GMIT Furniture College 537; 627

Lever, W.H. 30, 53

Lewerentz, Sigurd 223, 604, 605, 631; 754, 762–3

Lewin, Wendy 516

Ley, Robert 247; 214

Leyswood 50; 27

Liang Sicheng 470, 488

Lian Island, Dashawan Beach complex 495–6; 554

Libera, Adalberto 232, 235; 211

Liberty & Co. 56

Libeskind, Daniel 350, 624

Libra, František 152

Liège 169

Ligornetto 361

Ligrignano 361

Li Hu 493; 551–2

Lim, William 470

Lima, Edificio Blas 425; 442; International Labour Organization 425; 441; Jardín de Senderos
425; 443; Palomino Housing 425, 436; PREVI housing 371, 421, 634; 434–5; University
Campus UTEC 539; 630–31; UV3 420

Limousin 46

Lin, John 490

Lincoln (MA), Gropius House 373, 513; 346

Lindgren, Armas 221, 222; 190

Lindquist, Selim A. 222

Lingeri, Pietro 233, 235, 237, 238; 207

Lin Xiaodu 495

Linz, radio station 585

Lipkau, Gustavo 393

Lippincott, R.A. 521

Lipps, Theodor 105

Lisbon, Archaeological Museum 563; 680; Chelas housing 562; Torre APL 562; 678

Lissitzky, El 135, 141–2, 159, 160, 174, 187, 194, 195–6, 197, 235, 618; 107

Liu Jiakun 492, 493; 548

Liverpool, Lime Street Station 38

Li Xiangning 492

Ljubljana, Cultural Congress Centre 582; 715–16; Modern Gallery 581; National Library 581;
Revolution Square 582; 714

Llewelyn-Davies Weeks Forestier-Walker and Bor 322; 293

Llinàs, Josep 555

Llorens, Tomás 556

Locke, Joseph 38

Lods, Marcel 183, 285, 338, 540; 153–4

Lönberg-Holm, Knud 273

London 24, 26, 529; Alexandra Road Housing 530; 611; All Saints, Margaret Street 302; BBC
Building 596; Bedford Park 53, 55; 28; Bishop’s Bridge housing 287; British Library 641;
811; British Museum 21; Brunswick Centre 530; Carlton House Terrace 26ou; Cenotaph
242; Crystal Palace 38–9, 41, 143, 337; 17; The Economist office complex 311, 530;
Eurostar Terminal, Waterloo Station 628; 796; Festival of Britain 298, 529; Finsbury
Health Centre 287; 30 Finsbury Square 533; Fleet Road Housing 530; 612; Forest Gate
School 531; 616; Golden Lane housing 299, 307–8; Ham Common flats 301, 537; 272;
Hampstead Garden Suburb 32, 54, 56; Highpoint 286–7, 527; 260; Houses of Parliament
50; Lloyds of London 339; London School of Economics 539; Millbank Estate 25; Newgate
Gaol 16; New Scotland Yard 521; Paddington Station 38; 4 Pancras Square 533–4; 623;
Regents Park 26; Regent Street 27; Robin Hood Gardens 311; Royal Festival Hall 287,
526, 529; 606–7; Royal Mint Square housing 344; St James’s Park 26; St Katharine Dock
33–4; St Pancras Station 38, 641; 23 Savile Row 533; Simpsons department store 527;
Soho House project 301, 531; Streatham Street flats 25; Sun House 527; 604; Swan
House 52; Tate Gallery extension (Clore) 345; U.S. Embassy 276; Victoria and Albert
Museum 51; Zoo 286, 527; see also Kew

Longatti, Romeo 95

Lönnroth, Elias 221

Loos, Adolf 16, 98–103, 133, 147, 171, 173, 256, 330, 347, 521, 568, 584; 68–74

López Cotelo, Victor 555

Loquet, Félix 550

Lörcher, Carl 451

Lorente Escudero, Rafael 417

Los Angeles, Beverly Wilshire Hotel design 338; Case Study House No. 8 376; 354; Elizabeth
Noble Apartments 213; Getty Center 375, 639; Lovell Health House 282, 283; 253;
Museum of Contemporary Art 320, 633; open-air school 285; Pacific Design Center 338;
Sachs Apartments 284; see also Santa Monica

Losch, August 322

Loudon, J.C. 38, 39, 42

Louis, Victor 34

Lourenço Marques (Maputo), House of the Three Giraffes 449; 481

Lourtier, church 360

Louvain-la-Neuve 551

Lovell, Dr Philip 282–3

Luban, chemical plant 128

Lubetkin, Berthold 180, 243, 244–5, 286–7, 317, 527, 529; 150, 260
Lucan, Jacques 540

Lucas, Colin 527; 603

Luckenwalde, hat factory 130; 94

Luckhardt, Hans 126, 127, 131

Luckhardt, Wassili 126, 127, 131

Lugano, Cantonal Library 360

Lumsden, Anthony 338

Lunacharsky, Anatole 202, 244

Lünen, Geschwister-Scholl School 588

Lunuganga 486

Lurçat, André 177–9, 542; 148

Lusaka, University of Zambia 449

Lutyens, Edwin Landseer 54, 56, 57, 241–2, 261, 521; 208

Lux, Josef August 89, 90

Lu Wengyu 491, 492

Lu Yanzhi 488

Lyle, John 370

Lyndon, Donlyn 376

Lyngby, Pils Headquarters 598

Lynn, Greg 624, 625

Lynn, Jack 308; 278

Lyons 108–9, 112; abbatoir 112, 82; Etats-Unis 112, 576; Grande Blanche hospital 112;
market hall 543; 640

M
Maarssen, Dr Hartog’s study 158

Maaskant, H.A. 285

Maastricht, Academy of Art 632; 801

Macapá Outpost 400

Macdonald, Frances 81

Macdonald, Margaret 81

McHale, John 316

McHarg, Ian 619

Mack, Mark 358

Mackay, D. 354

MacKay-Lyons, Brian 387

MacKay-Lyons Sweetapple Architects 387; 373

MacKeith, Peter 614–15

Mackensen, Fritz 132

McKenzie, Voorhees, Gmelin and Walker 250

McKim, Mead and White 250, 270, 521

Mackintosh, Charles Rennie 55, 81–4, 86, 89; 55–7

Mackmurdo, A.H. 50, 52, 54, 55

MacLaren, James 82

McLaughlin, Níall 534; 621

McMin, John 387

McNair, Herbert 81

McNamara, Shelley 536

McVoy, Chris 378

MADA 495

Madec, Philippe 544; 645

Madrid 31–2; Banco de Bilbao 555; 663; Bankinter 555; Barajas Airport 641; 813; Caño Roto
housing 557; Carabanchel housing estate 556; 665; Colegio Maravillas gymnasium 555;
Colegio San Fermin 558; hippodrome 390, 419; Palomeras housing 557; Torres Blancas
apartments 555; Union Building 554; Usera Library 559; Villanueva de la Cañada library
559

Madriñán, María Elvira 404

Maekawa, Kunio 500

Maeterlinck, Maurice 81

Maevement and Maes 550

Magal, Boris 581

Magnagni, Augusto 238; 207

Magnitogorsk 151, 202; 171

Mahalla al-Kubra 447

Mahallat, apartment building 465; 508

Mahlamäki, Rainer 614; 783

Mahony, Marion 471, 513

Maillart, Robert 45–6; 22

Maipú, Los Pajaritos Chapel 427; 445

Maki, Fumihiko 318, 421, 470, 501–2; 434, 566

Malachowski, Ricardo Jaxa de 420

Maldonado, Berlingieri House 411, 417; 417–18

Maldonado, Tomás 322, 328, 426

Malevich, Kasimir 159, 167, 193, 194, 200, 325

Mali (Guinea), Villa Eila 440; 467–9

Malinovsky, Alexander see Bogdanov

Mallet-Stevens, Rob 176, 177, 180, 181, 447, 540, 542; 146

Malmö, City Theatre 602; 757–8

Mamontov, Savva 192

Manaus, University of Amazonas 400

Manchester 24

Mandrot, Hélène de 210, 255, 256, 259

Mangado, Francisco 559

Mangin, William 325

Mannheim, Exhibition (1925) 140; Theatre 267

Manning, Jack 524

Mansfeld, Alfred 458; 498

Manship, Paul 253

Mansilla, Luis 560; 673–4

Manteola, Sánchez Gómez, Santos, Solsona, Viñoly see MSGSSV

Mapungubwe National Park, Interpretation Centre 438–9

Maputo see Lourenço Marques

Marbach am Neckar, German Literature Museum 532

March, Werner 250, 590

Marcks, Gerhard 125, 133

Marcuse, Herbert 324

Mar del Plata, bridge house 357; 333

Marika, Banduk 515

Marimekko 613

Marinetti, Filippo Tomaso 92, 94, 95–6, 97

Markelius, Sven 529, 602

Markli, Peter 632

Marne-la-Vallée, Les Espaces d’Abraxas 347; Noisy 2 332, 541; 302

MARS 287, 306, 309, 527

Marseilles, Unité d’Habitation 26, 206, 230, 258–9, 296, 347, 547; 224–5

Martel, Jan and Joël 176, 177; 146

Martha’s Vineyard, Berkowitz House 378; 355

Martienssen, Rex 288, 437; 461

Martin, Darwin D. 67, 69

Martin, Leslie 287, 529, 530; 606–7

Martínez, Juan 426

Martínez, Tonahtiuh 393

Martínez Lapeña, José Antonio 555; 662

Martínez Sanabria, Fernando 402

Martorell, Juan 73, 354

Masaryk, Tomáš 580

Masdar City 468

Mass Studies 512

Mastenbroek, Bjarne 450; 484

Masuda, Tomoya 516

Matara, University 486

Mataró, workshop 72

Mathes 256, 257, 285

Matosinhos 354–5

Matthew, Robert 287, 529

Matyushin, Mikhail 193

Mauclair, Camille 178

Maus, Octave 104

May, Ernest 146, 147–8, 151, 202, 205, 305, 309, 435, 449; 115; 482

Mayekawa, Kunio 293, 294, 295, 296, 306; 269

Mayer, Albert 209, 262

Mazuré, Miguel Rodrigo 425; 437

Mazzanti, Giancarlo 405; 408

Meagher, John 536; 624–5

Mebes, Paul 222, 594

Medellín 402; Four Sports Arena 405; 408; La Mota housing complex 404; 407;
Metropolitan Theatre 404; 406

Medina, José 431; 453

Mehdizadeh, Ramin 465; 508

Mehrotra, Rahul 469, 476–9; 522–3, 525–6, 528–9

Mehsana, National Dairy Plant 472

Meier, Richard 348, 374–6, 378, 479, 639; 319, 809

Meier-Graefe, Julius 77

Meili, Marcel 632

Melbourne, Standhill flats 513; University, Newman College 513, 521

Melnikov, Konstantin 176, 197; 165–6

Menai Straits Bridge 35

Mendelsohn, Erich 107, 125, 127, 128–30, 456, 525, 527; 93–5, 493, 605

Mendes da Rocha, Paulo 395, 396–7, 399, 539; 387, 390–94

Méndez, Francisco 427, 428

Meng Yen 495

Mérida, National Museum of Roman Art 555–6; 664

Merkelbach, B. 309

Mesa, Felipe 405; 408

Mesa, Oscar 404; 406

Messel, Alfred 93

Metabolists 317–18, 502

Meudon, Van Doesburg’s house 162

Mexican Muralist movement 388

Mexico City 389, 618; Aleman housing complex 391; 381; Bacardi Building 269; Barragán
works 356, 389–90; 331; Camino Royal hotel 390; Cetto House 390; 378; Colegio de
México 392; Coyoacán market 390; Escuela Bancaria y Comercial 392; Escuela Nacional
de Maestros 391; Hernáiz warehouse 391; house-studio of Diego Rivera 388; 377;
house-studio of Friday Kahlo 388; 376; Institute of Hygiene 388; Jaysour Building 392;
Monument to the Revolution 388; Museo Rufino Tamayo 392; Museum of Modern Art
392; National Anthropological Museum 392; Nonoalco-Tlatelolco development 392;
O’Gorman house 388–9; open-air theatre 391; Pablo Oztotepec Market 392; Palace of
the Fine Arts 388; Quintana House 392; Satellite City Towers 357, 390; 331; UNAM 388,
390, 391; Vasconcelos Library 393; 384

Meyer, Adolf 122, 124, 125, 132, 136, 148–9; 90, 99–100

Meyer, Hannes 138–9, 142–3, 144, 150, 151, 155, 175, 191, 195, 205, 243, 389, 456; 108

Meyerhold, Vsevolod 149, 178, 195

Miami, Spear House 348

MIAR 233, 245, 246

Michelucci, Giovanni 234

Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig 20, 131, 139, 142, 147, 165, 185–91, 195, 234, 263–70, 275,
276, 277, 301, 338, 341–2, 348, 354, 369, 370, 372, 515, 530, 549, 608; 157–61, 233–41

Mijares, José Manuel 406

Milan 567; Bocconi University extension 537–9; Ca’ Brutta apartment block 232, 245; Casa
Elettrica 235; Casa Rustici 237–8; Fiera di Milano complex 628; 795; Gallaratese flats
330, 331, 361, 568; 299, 687, 689; Italian Aeronautical Show (1934) 235; 205; Monument
for the Victims of Nazi Concentration Camps 567; 686; Palace of Justice 233; Torre
Velasca apartment building 568; 344; Triennale (1930, 1933, 1936) 235, (1968) 313, 319

Millais, John Everett 49

Miller, John 531; 619

Miller, Wilhelm 69

Milton Keynes 321–2, 532; 293

Milwaukee, Library 66

Milyutin, N.A. 201, 202, 206, 208, 549

Min Hyun Sik 510

Minneapolis, Federal Reserve Bank 338

Minsuk Cho 512

Miralles, Enric 556, 622; 790

Miró Quesada, Luis 425

Misr 447

Mitsakis, Nikos 572, 574

Mittagong, Martin-Weber house 518

Mitterand, François 540

MMBB 399; 395

Mock, Elizabeth 273

Mockus, Antanas 405

Modena, Cemetery 331; 300

Modern Movement 9–10, 22, 179, 242, 243, 246, 247, 250, 253–4, 257, 285, 288, 290, 298,
302, 326, 367

Mohe, Sanjay 469, 476; 521

Moholy-Nagy, László 135–6, 138, 154, 195, 372

Møller, Erik 596; 745

Mollet brothers 26

Mombasa, Oceanic Hotel 449; 482

Mönchengladbach, StädtischesMuseum Abteiberg 345

Mondrian, Piet 156, 157, 158, 160, 162

Moneo, Rafael 555–6, 559, 560, 621; 664, 788–9

Monestiroli, Antonio 238, 568

Monier, Joseph 42

Montagne, Eugenio 420

Montecito, Myers’ house 384

Montesquieu 14

Montevideo 397; Bulevar Artigas 417; Columbarium 416; Don Bosco School Gymnasium
433; Edificio Berro 417; Faculty of Engineering 415; Payssé Reyes’ house 415; 427; El
Pilar apartments 416–17; 429–30; warehouses 419

Montreal 382; Expo ’67 338, 370, 382, 407; 312; Grande Bibliothèque du Québec 385; 370;
Habitat ’67 370, 382; 363; Place Bonaventure 382; Place Villa Marie 382; Pointe-à-
Callière museum 382; 364; Université de Montreal 382; UQAM 382

Montserrat 73

Monza, Biennale (1927) 233; Cemetery 94; 66

Moore, Charles 328, 329, 342, 376

Moral, Enrique del 391

Morales, Carlos 420

Moravansky, Akos 10

Moray, visitor centre 425

Morbio Inferiore, school 361

Moreira, Jorge 289

Morelly, Abbé 17

Moretti, Luigi 567

Moriyama and Teshima 463; 504

Moro, Peter 287, 529; 606–7

Morris, B.W. 251

Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co. 51

Morris, Robert 16

Morris, William 49, 50–52, 57, 58, 95, 118, 298, 479, 531

Morris & Co. 51

Moscow, All-Russian Agricultural and Crafts Exhibition (1923) 197; Centrosoyuz Building
581; Green City project 202; Kazan Station 193, 244; Kostino Quarter 225; Kremlin 193;
Lenin Institute 200; Lenin’s mausoleum 198, 203; Lenin State Library 244; medical school
179; Narkomfin apartment 199; New Trading Lines (GUM) 193, 337; Palace of the
Soviets 173, 243–4; 145, 210; Pravda Building 167; Rayabushinsky Mansion 193;
Spartakiada Stadium 167; Sucharev Market 197; 165; Tretyakov Gallery 193;
Tsentrosoyuz building 206, 518; Wolkenbügel 142, 197, 618; Zuyev Workers’ Club 233

Moscow Style 11

Moser, Koloman 86, 88, 89, 91

Moser, Werner 285; 257

Moshi, cultural centre 449

Mouchel, Louis Gustave 43

Moussavi, Farshid 625–6; 794

Moussinac, Léon 178

Moya, John Hidalgo 298, 517, 524, 529

Mrduljaš, Maroje 581

MSGSSV 414, 417; 421–3

Muche, Georg 133, 134, 136; 100

Mueller, Paul 69, 70, 293

Muller, Peter 471

Mumbai 618; Kanchanjunga Tower 474; 516; Nehru Science Centre 472

Munich, Dombauhütte (1922) 123; Genterstrasse housing 326, 590–91; 735; Olympics
(1972) 338, 590; 734; Siemens 375

Murata, Yutaka 338

Murcia, City Hall 559; congress centre 561

Murcutt, Glenn 514–16; 585–7

Murphy, C.F. 267

Murphy, Richard 486; 542

Mušič, Vladimir Braco 581; 712, 717

Muskegon, St Francis de Salles Church 374

Muthesius, Hermann 79, 100, 102, 118, 119, 120–22, 140, 185

Muzio, Giovanni 232, 233, 245–6

Myers, Barton 383–4, 620; 367

Myers, G. Val 596

N
Nagoya, PMT Building 320

Nairobi, Kenyatta International Conference Centre 449

Nakano, Silver Hut 501

Nakata, Katsao 505

Namcha Barwa Visitor Centre 496

Nancy, rue des Fabriques block 542; 635

Nandgaon, Palmyria House 479; 530–31

Nanjing, mausoleum of Sun Yat Sen 488

Nantes, Ecole d’Architecture 544; 644

Naples, Galleria Umberto I 639

Narodniki 192

Nash, Emilio Soyer 425; 437

Nash, John 26, 27

Nashdom 57
Nasi, Vicente 402

Nasu, Stone Museum 632

Nasu-gun, Hiroshige Ando Museum 504

Natalini, Adolfo 324

National Romanticism 113, 193, 220, 221, 226, 227, 600

Naudé Santos, Adèle 437; 462–3

Naumann, Friedrich 118, 119, 120

Navarte, Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal church 390; 380

Naxos, Archaeological Museum 578

Nazarenes 49

Nebbia, Ugo 95

Nehru, Jawaharlal 469, 472

Nelson, Monro State Building 524

Nelson, Paul 182–3, 542; 152

Nemours 208

neo-Art Deco 329

Neo-Avant-Gardism 347–50

Neo-Baroque 241, 641

Neo-Classicism 14–22, 26, 57, 120, 173, 185, 187, 191, 198, 247, 249, 250, 291, 572

Neo-Constructivism 517, 585, 611

Neo-Georgian style 52, 56, 297

Neo-Liberty style 568

Neo-Plasticism 157–62, 348, 354, 508, 546, 611

Neo-Purism 179, 415, 638

Neo-Rationalism 329–33, 347, 432

Neo-Romanesque 58, 61, 64, 78, 221

Neo-Suprematism 348, 624

Nerdinger, Winfried 591–2

Nervi, Pier Luigi 44, 46, 374, 525, 581; 351

Nesfield, William Eden 50, 52

Neue Künstler Vereinigung 124

Neue Sachlichkeit (New Objectivity) 123, 136, 138, 140–51, 162, 191, 205, 213, 225, 248,
272, 273, 284, 285, 305, 309, 325, 588

Neumann 42

Neumann, Alfred 457–8; 495–7

Neutra, Richard 254, 271, 282, 283–4, 285, 292, 354, 357, 369, 372, 376, 524, 584; 253,
255–6

New Brutalism 297–303, 307, 354, 524, 526, 531; see also Brutalism

Newburyport, chain bridge 34

New Canaan, Glass House 275, 276, 277; 244–5

Newcastle, Byker Wall complex 602

New Delhi 241–2, 246, 261; Asian Games housing 473; 514–15; National Science Centre
472; U.S. Embassy 275; Sheikh Sarai housing 473; Viceroy’s House 57, 242; 208; Zakir
Hussain housing 473

New Empiricism 529–30

New Gourna 448; 480

New Haven, Yale University 275–6, 277, 278, 370; 246–7, 350

New Humanism 298

New Kensington 271

New Lanark 25

New Monumentality 370, 374

New Objectivity see Neue Sachlichkeit; Nieuwe Zakelijkheid

Newport Beach, Lovell Beach House 283; 254

New Simplicity 552

Newton, Ernest 52

New Tradition 240–43, 244, 245, 249–50, 253–4

New York 24; American Radiator Building 250; AT&T headquarters 343; Austrian Cultural
Institute 586; 724; Barclay-Vesey Building 250; Brooklyn Bridge 36; 15; Central Park 26;
Chrysler Building 253; 218; Ford Foundation Building 338; Grand Central Station 250,
328; Guggenheim Museum 215, 216–17; 186; Haughwout Building 38; Lever House 598;
Museum of Modern Art 638; Pennsylvania Station 250, 328, 521; Port Chester
Synagogue 275; Racquet Club 270; Radio City 251–2; 219; RCA Victor Building 218;
Rockefeller Center 250, 251–3; 219; Roosevelt Island apartments 374; St Mark’s
apartment tower 215; Seagram Building 270; 241; State Theater, Lincoln Center 275;
United Nations Plaza Hotel 338; Waldorf Astoria 218; Western Union Building 250;
Woolworth Building 241, 250; World’s Fair (1939) 228, 289, 370, 394, 536, 602; 263;
World Trade Center 315
New York Five 348, 378

Neylan, Michael 530; 609

Ngaio, Kahn House 522; 595

Ngwenya, Malangatana 449

Nicolini Iglesias, Eugenio 423

Nidda Valley complex 147

Niedecken, George 69

Niemeyer, Adelbert 119

Niemeyer, Oscar 277, 289, 290, 291–2, 295, 349, 357, 370, 394, 395, 396, 399, 513; 262–4

Nieto, Fuensanta 560; 675–6

Nieuwenhuys, Constant 324

Nieuwe Zakelijkheid 145, 146

Nishizawa, Ryue 633

Nitschke, Gunther 318

Nizzoli, Marcello 235; 205

Noero, Jo 437; 464

Noisiel-sur-Marne, Menier chocolate factory 37

Nolde, Emil 125

Noormarkku, Villa Mairea 226, 227–8, 229; 196–8

Norberg-Schultz, Christian 606

Nordic Classicism 594–5, 596, 600

Norri, Marja-Riitta 614

Norris Dam 242

Norrköpping, villa 607–8; 769–70

Northampton, 78 Derngate 84; New Ways 286

Norwich, Sainsbury Centre for the Visual Arts 339

Nouguier 40

Noumea, Jean-Marie Tjibaou Cultural Centre 628–9; 797

Nouvel, Jean 540, 637

Nova Gorica 581

Novecento 232, 233, 245

Novembergruppe 125, 186, 187

Noyes, Eliot 374

Nuneaton, Astley Castle 631

Nuove Tendenze 95, 96

Nuremberg, Zeppelinfeld stadium 248, 249

Nyrop, Martin 221

Nyström, Carl Gustav 222

Nyström, Usko 224, 613

O
Oak Park 29; Heurtley House 60, 67; Unity Temple 45, 60, 61, 67; 39; Wright’s House 57, 59,
64, 65, 66

Oberhuber, Oswald 585

Oberlander, Cornelia 383

Óbidos, Furadouro School 563–5; 683–4

OB+RA 425; 441–3

Obregón Santacilia, Carlos 388

Obrist, Hermann 132

O’Connor, Martin 617

O’Donnell, Sheila 536, 537; 626–9

Oeiras, University 562

O’Gorman, Cecil 388

O’Gorman, Juan 388–9; 374–7

Ohl, Herbert 322, 421

Oita, Fujimi Country Clubhouse 320; Fukuoka Mutual Bank 318

Okhitovich, M. 198, 201

Ol, Andrey 168

Olari Church 611

Olbrich, Joseph Maria 55, 86–8, 93, 99, 113, 119, 193, 222, 345; 58–60

Oldenburg 120

Oliveira de Azemeis, Pinto bank 355

Olivetti, Adriano 237, 566

Olmsted, Frederick Law 26, 29; 12

Olumuyiwa, Oluwole 435

OMA (Office for Metropolitan Architecture) 348, 350; 320

Ommen 145

Onat, Emin 451, 452; 485

Opbouw 145, 146, 285, 309

OPEN Architecture Studio 493; 551–2

Oporto see Porto

Oranienburg, Heinkel factory 248; 215

Ordish, Rowland Mason 38

Origoni, L. 238; 207

Orlando, Disney Hotel 348

Orly, airship hangars 46

Ørsta, Ivar Aarsen Centre 610; 776

Ortiz, Antonio 556; 665–6

OSA (Association of Contemporary Architects) 198–9, 201–2, 203, 205–6, 243, 317

Osaka 379; Expo ’70 318, 319, 338; Kansai airport 500–501; Koshino House 363; 339–40

Oslo, City Hall 606; Dammann House 606; 767; Schreiner, House 607; Skansen restaurant
606; Underland House 607; Wessel House 607

Osnabrück 632

Östberg, Ragnar 221, 223, 231, 241, 600

Østbye, Odd Kjeld 607

Ostend, casino 548; 650; Central Post Office 547

Ostertag, Catherine 69

Osthaus, Karl Ernst 105, 121

Otaka, Masato 318

Otaneimi Church 611

Otis, Elisha Graves 38

Otlet, Paul 255, 547

Ott, Carlos 540

Ottawa, Supreme Court of Canada 370

Otterlo, Kröller-Müller Museum 525, 546; 646

Otto, Frei 338, 525, 590; 312, 734

Oubrerie, José 540; 634

Oud, J.J.P. 130, 145, 156, 158, 189, 199, 253

Ouagadougou, Women’s Health Centre 440

Oulu, St Thomas’s 611

Ovalle, José Cruz 433, 434; 458

Overbeck, Friedrich 49

Owen, Robert 25

Oxford, Florey Residential Building 303; Sultan Nazrin Shah Centre 534; 621–2; Union
Society building 49

Oxford Movement 42

Ozenfant, Amédée 103, 166, 388

Ozoño, de 435

P
Paavilainen, Käpy and Simo 611, 614

Paci, Enzo 568

Padora, Sameep, Architects 479; 527

Pagano, Giuseppe 234, 236, 567

PAGON 607

Paimio, Sanatorium 224, 225, 227

Paine, Tom 33

Paju, Camerata Music Studio 511; 575–6; Village of the Dancing Fish 510–11; 573

Palanti, G. 235

Palermo, Zen Housing 570

Palladio, Andrea and Palladianism 15, 56, 57, 172, 173, 269, 298, 299; 141

Pallasmaa, Juhani 614

Palm Springs, Kaufmann Desert House 284; 256

Palomar, Juan 393

Pamplona, Baluarte Auditorium 559

Pampulha, Casino 290, 291, 395; 262

Panayotakos, Kyriakos 572

Pani, Mario 390, 391–2; 381

Pan Shiyi 489

Paolozzi, Eduardo 299, 300, 301

Papadaki, Stamo 364, 573

Papudo, Casa Pite 434; 459

Paris 24, 26, 27–8; 27; Alfa-Romeo garage 177; Arc de Triomphe 1; Arc du Carrousel 19;
Arche de La Défense 540; Artists’ Plan (1793) 27; Avenue de Versailles apartment block
180; 150; Avenue Wagram apartment block 113, 114; de Beistegui Penthouse 256;
Bibliothèque de France 349, 540; Bibliothèque Nationale 21, 641; 7; Bibliothèque Ste-
Geneviève 20–21; Centre Pompidou 320–21, 339, 393, 532; 291–2; Centre Pompidou
competition (1971) 540; Château d’Eau 43 (1900); Cité d’Artistes 541; 637; Cité de la
Musique 540; Ecole du Sacré Coeur 76; Eiffel Tower 40, 41, 618; Exposition (1867) 39,
(1889) 40, (1900) 43, 44, 222, 240–41, (1937) 153, 210, 226, 250, 260, 286, 288, 294,
411, 500; 122, 193, 217, 227, 261, 562; Exposition des Arts Décoratifs (1925) 116, 123,
171, 176, 197, 447; 86, 139, 166; Galerie des Machines (1867) 39–40; Galerie des
Machines (1889) 49, 111, 182; 18; Galerie d’Orléans 37–8; Gare de l’Est 21, 38; Halle au
Blé 34; Hôtel Guimard (Avenue Mozart) 77; Hôtel Lutetia 241; Humbert de Romans
Concert Hall 77; 50; Institut du Monde Arabe 540; Parc de la Villette 348, 350, 540; 322;
Louvre 34, 540; Maison Carpeaux 76; Maison de Verre 181–2; 151; Maison du Peuple
(Clichy) 183–4, 338, 540; 153–4; Maison Guggenbühl 177; Maisons Jaoul 257–8, 301,
402; 223; Maison La Roche 173; 143; Métro stations 77; 49; Musée d’Art Moderne 250;
Musée National des Travaux Publics 183, 250; Musée d’Orsay 540; Opéra de la Bastille
540; Palais de Bois 116; Palais Mazarin 21; Panthéon see Ste-Geneviève; Pavilion Suisse
209; Place Vendôme column 19; Plan Voisin 171, 308; 138; Pont des Arts 34; Porte
Molitor apartments 210, 178; Le Printemps store 176; Renault campus 375; Roland
Garros Aero-club 338; Rosenberg exhibition (1923) 159; 128; Rue de l’Amiral Mouchez
block 542; 638; Rue de Ponthieu 115; Rue de Rivoli 19, 27, 28; Rue Franklin apartment
block 45, 109, 113, 114, 164, 176; 84; Rue Guynemer apartment block 183; 155; Rue
Mallet-Stevens 177; 147; Rue Vavin apartment block 45, 96; Ste-Geneviève (Panthéon)
16, 17, 18, 34; 2, 8; St-Jean-de-Montmartre 44, 76; Salvation Army Building 210; Studio
Raspail 180; Théâtre de l’Exposition des Arts Décoratifs see Exposition des Arts
Décoratifs; Théâtre des Champs-Elysées 45, 90, 107, 115; 85; Théâtre du Palais-Royal 34;
Théâtre Français 34; toll-gates 18; UNESCO Building 374, 581; 351; weekend house (Le
Corbusier) 256–7; 221; World Exhibition (1937) see Exposition (1937)

Parker, Barry 32, 54

Parry, Eric 533; 623

Pasternak, A. 198

Pasternak, Leonid 192

Patkau, John and Patricia 384

Patkau Architects 384–5; 368–70

Patte, Pierre 17, 27

Paul, Bruno 119, 185

Paulson, Gregor 600

Paxton, Joseph 26, 38–9, 54, 143, 337; 17

Payette Associates 481

Payssé Reyes, Mario 415; 426–8

Pechstein, Max 125

Peckham, Andrew 339

Pei, I.M. 374, 382, 488, 540

Peichl, Gustav 585; 721

Pelli, Cesar 338

Peñalolén, Adolfo Ibáñez University 434; 458

Peñalosa, Enrique 400, 405

Percier, Charles 16, 19, 27

Pérez de Arce Mario 428, 432; 447

Pérez Pita, Estanislao 558

Pernessin, Noemi 293

Peronne, Museum for the First World War 638; 806–7

Perraudin, Gilles 543

Perrault, Claude 16, 34

Perrault, Dominique 540

Perret, Auguste 22, 45, 90, 107, 109, 113–16, 164, 165, 166, 173, 176, 183, 184, 243, 250,
293, 445, 447, 453, 540, 568; 83–6, 156

Perret, Gustave 115

Perret Frères 45, 115

Perriand, Charlotte 181, 204

Perronet, Jean-Rodolphe 34

Perry, William 481

Persico, Edoardo 234, 235; 205

Perth, State Theatre of Western Australia 520

Perugia, Centro Direzionale 361

Pešánek, Zdeněk 152

Pessac, housing estate 169, 635; 136

Petersen, Carl 223, 595

Pevsner, Antoine 194, 406

Pevsner, Naum see Gabo, Naum

Pevsner, Nikolaus 297–8

Peyre, Marie-Joseph 17, 20

Pfemfert, Franz 124

Philadelphia, Bicentennial ‘strip’ 342; Centennial Exhibition (1876) 118; City Hall 277; 248;
‘dock’ complex 280; 251; Philadelphia Savings Fund Society building 372; 345; Suntop
Homes 219; University of Pennsylvania, Richards Laboratories 278–9, 302, 472; 249

Phoenix 345, 618; Joy house 380; law courts 376; Phoenix Central Library 380; Public Library
354, 623

Piacentini, Marcello 233–4, 236, 243, 245, 567; 202

Piano, Renzo 320, 376, 500, 526, 532, 570, 628, 641–2; 291–2, 797, 812

Piatti, Ugo 96

Picasso, Pablo 288, 378; 261

Pichler, Walter 585

Picturesque 26

Pierrefeu, François 210

Pietilä, Reima and Raili 467

Pietri, Alexander 410

Pikionis, Dimitris 364, 525, 572, 574; 341, 693, 697–700

Piñón, Helio 556

Pinós, Carme 557, 622; 790

Piranesi, Giovanni Battista 15, 249, 280, 315, 330, 492

Piscator, Erwin 149, 195, 243

Piura, UDEP 425; 439–40

Planetveien, Twin Houses 606; 768

Plano, Farnsworth House 268, 240, 275, 515, 608; 238

Platt, Lucas’s house 527; 603

Platz, Gustav Adolf 10

Plečnik, Jože 525, 580, 581; 710

Plesner, Ulrik 486

Plischke, Ernst 471, 521–4; 595–8

Plougastel Bridge 46; 23

Poelaert, Joseph 74

Poelzig, Hans 127–8, 132, 243, 568, 588, 596; 92

Poeschel & Trepte 119

Poissy, Villa Savoye 172, 173, 375; 142–3

Poitiers, theatre and concert hall 562

Polder, Alexander 309

Pollini, Gino 232, 235, 237, 566

Polo, Marco 387

Pomerantsev, A.N. 193, 337

Ponti, Gio 234, 525, 567

Poole, Gabriel 517

Poole, Scott 614

Pope, Thomas 34

Popov, Alex 518

Populism 326–9

Pordenone, Zanussi Rex offices 570; 691

Port Elizabeth, Red Location Building 437–8; 464

Portinari, Candido 394

Portland, Portland Building 343, 344–5; 316

Porto 562; Bouca housing 355

Porto, Severiano 400

Porto Alegre, Camargo museum 399; market hall 419

Portoghesi, Paolo 12, 329, 341, 453

Porto School 562

Port Sunlight 30, 53

Portzamparc, Christian de 540

Posen, water tower 127

Post-Impressionism 75

Post-Modernism 11, 12, 326, 328, 329, 341–7, 433, 614; see also Populism

Potočnjak, Vladimir 581; 711

Potsdam, Einstein Tower 107, 128; 93

Pouillon, Fernand 445

Poulisson, Magnus 606

Póvoa de Varzim, Beires House 355

Powell, Philip 298, 517, 524, 529

Prague 286; Baba housing estate 154; Bata store 153, 286; 259; Bondy Passage 154; Castle
525, 580; 710; Electricity Board Headquarters 154; 124–5; Jednota building 153; Lindt
store 153; Müller House 101; Olympic building 153; Pensions Institute 154; Villa Hain
154–5; 126

Prebisch, Alberto 411

Predock, Antoine 380

Pre-Raphaelites 49, 104, 117, 241

Preston, housing 531; 615

Pretoria, Union Building 437

Price, Bruce 64

Price, Cedric 316, 320, 339

Price, Uvedale 26

Prior, E.S. 52, 56

Pritchard, Thomas Farnolls 33

Productivism and Productivists 142, 194, 195, 196, 197–8, 337–41

Proletkult 193, 194, 195, 202, 203, 243

Prost, Henri 444

Prouvé, Jean 181, 183, 313, 338, 540, 544; 153–4, 284

Prytz, Grete 606

Puchenau 584, 634; 723

Pudovkin, Vsevolod 178

Puente, Carlos 555

Puerto Madryn 414, 417

Puerto Natales, Hotel Remota 434; 456

Puga, Cecilia 432

Pugin, A.W.N. 48, 49, 50, 220, 247

Puiforcat, Jean 181

Pullman 30; 13

Pullman, George 30

Punkaharju, Finnish Forest Museum 614; 783

Punta del Este, Hosteria La Solana del Mar 411

Purcell, Juan 430

Purini, Franco 331

Purism 166, 169, 171, 173, 204, 207, 233, 255, 302, 375, 388

Purkersdorf Sanatorium 90

Puttemans, Pierre 549

Puttemans, Robert 548

Qatar, University 468; 512

Qingyun Ma 489, 495

Queen Anne style 52

R
Rabat, French Embassy 540

Rabieh, D House 454; 490

Racine, Hardy House 69; Johnson Wax Administration Building 215–16, 217, 279, 302, 555;
184

Radic, Smiljan 432, 434

Radice, Mario 234

Rading, A. 147

Raggruppamento Architetti Moderni Italiani 233, 245

Rainbow Beach, housing 517; 589

Rainer, Roland 584, 634

Ramat Aviv, Palmach Museum of History 459; 499

Ramírez Vázquez, Pedro 390, 392

Ramos, Carlos 394, 561

Ransome, Ernest L. 44
Rashid, Hani 624

Rathenau, Emil 118, 122

Rathenow, Siedlung Friedrich Ebert-Ring 147

Rationalism 232–6, 245, 257, 573, 576; see also Neo-Rationalism

Rauch, John 315

Rava, Carlo Enrico 232

Ravnikar, Edvard 581–2; 713–16

Rayes, George 454

Raymond, Antonin 292, 293, 500; 265

Rechter, Ze’ev 456; 494

Reed, Henry Hope 275

Regàs, Rosa 556

Regensburg, Walhalla 21

Rehovot, Weizmann house 456

Reich, Lilly 187

Reichlin, Bruno 331; 301

Reidy, Affonso Eduardo 289, 290, 357, 395, 410; 388

Reinhard & Hofmeister 252; 219

Reinhardt, Max 107, 127, 128

Reinhart, Fabio 331; 301

Reinius, Leif 602

Remuera 521

Repton, Humphry 26

Resolute Bay 602

Reuleaux, Franz 118

Revell, Viljo 382

Revett, Nicholas 15

Rewal, Raj 469, 472–3, 480; 514–15

Reynaud, Léonce 38

Reynolds, Edward 301, 302; 274

Rhodakis House 572

RIA (Réunions international des architectes) 447

Rich, Peter 438

Richards, Brian 634

Richards, J.M. 297

Richardson, Henry Hobson 58, 61, 62, 64, 66, 78, 193, 221, 222, 369

Richter, Hans 141, 159, 187

Richter, Helmut 585

Rickets, Thomas 42

Ricoeur, Paul 351, 352, 364

Riefenstahl, Leni 249

Riegl, Alois 105, 120, 121, 123

Riemerschmid, Richard 119

Rietveld, Gerrit 146, 153, 156, 158, 160–61, 162, 584; 127

Rimpl, Herbert 248; 215

Der Ring 131

Rio de Janeiro 207; 176; Ministry of Education and Health 289, 291, 370, 394–5; 386;
Museum of Modern Art 395; 388; Pedregulho complex 290, 410; railway maintenance
sheds 419

Ritoque, Palace of Dawn and Dusk 430; 448

Rius, Francesc 557; 667–8

Riva San Vitale, house 361; 337

River Forest, Winslow House 65; 36

Rivera, Diego 253, 388, 389

Riverside 29, 12; Avery Coonley House 69, 213

Riyadh 461; Al-Kindi Plaza 461; Justice Palace and Mosque 461; 502; Ministry of Foreign
Affairs 461

RMJM 493; 553

Robbrecht, Paul 552–3; 660

Roberts, Henry 25

Rocha, Mauricio 392

Roche, Kevin 338, 345

Rococo style 14–15

Rodchenko, Alexander 194, 195, 197

Rodríguez Arias, Germa 288

Roebling, John Augustus 35–6; 15

Roebling, Washington 36; 15

Roehampton, Alton East Estate 301, 529–30; 608

Rogers, Ernesto Nathan 306, 525, 566, 567–9

Rogers, Richard 320, 339, 526, 532, 641; 291–2, 813

Romano, Mario 236; 213

Romantic Classicism 21, 191, 220, 221, 222–3, 249

Romberg, Frederick 513

Rome, Casa Il Girasole 567; 685; Danteum project 237; 206; EUR 236, 237, 246, 567; 211,
213; Gatti Wool Factory 44; International Art Exhibition (1911) 91; Mostra della
Rivoluzione Fascista 235; University 234, 245; 202

Ronchamp Chapel 256, 259–60; 228, 230

Rondelet, J.-B. 17, 21, 34; 2

Root, J.W. 62

Rosenberg, Alfred 248

Rossetti, Dante Gabriel 49, 50, 81

Rossetti, William Michael 49

Rossi, Aldo 330–31, 347, 361, 378, 525, 568; 299–300

Roth, Alfred 284, 285, 306, 373, 529, 566; 347

Roth, Emil 142, 285, 373; 347

Rothafel, Samuel (Roxy) 252

Rother, Leopoldo 402

Rotival, Maurice 407

Rotselaar, Villa P in R 552; 659

Rotterdam, Bergpolder flats 145; Kiefhoek Estate 145; Pendrecht 309; Spangen 308; Van
Nelle Factory 144, 286, 554; 110–11

Rousseau, J.J. 15

Roussel, Jean-Marie 542; 635

Rousselot, Christine 542; 635

Roux-Spitz, Michel 183, 540, 542

Rowe, Colin 326

Rudelt, Alcar 139

Rudloff, C.H. 147; 115

Rudolph, Paul 370, 374; 350

RUF (Rural Urban Framework) 490

Rufisque, Women’s Centre 442; 472–4

Ruovesi, artist’s studio 222, 227; 189

Rural Architecture Studio 495

Ruskin, John 31, 48–9, 51, 53, 54, 71, 72, 95

Russolo, Luigi 96, 97

Ruusuvuori, Aarno 611, 614; 778

S
Saarinen, Eero 276, 338, 372

Saarinen, Eliel 221, 222, 226, 250, 369–70, 372; 190

Sabsovich, L. 201

Sáenz de Oiza, Francisco Javier 555, 560; 663

Safdie, Moshe 345, 370, 382; 363

Saillon, Morand-Pasteur House 360

St Andrews, University 530–31; 613–14

Saint-Christol 544

Saint-Denis, Parking Municipal des Chaumettes 542; 636

St-Dié 209, 260

Saint-Lô, hospital 183

St Louis, Wainwright Building 61, 62–3

St Malo, Casino 113; 83

St Petersburg (Leningrad), German Embassy 91, 120; textile mill 130

St-Pierre-du-Vauvray, bridge 46

St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Les Arcades du Lac 347; school 344

Saint-Simon, Comte de 48, 211

Saitowitz, Stanley 381; 361–2

Sakakura, Junzo 153, 294, 295, 500; 562

Sakamoto, Kazunari 501

Salamanca, El Rollo monastery 555

Salem, Capital Journal Building 215; 183

Salginatobel Bridge 46

Salk, Dr Jonas 280

Salmona, Rogelio 402–4; 402–5

Salokorpi, Asko 614

Salon de la Libre Esthétique 104

Salt, Sir Titus 25

Saltaire 25, 30

Saltash Viaduct 36

Salto, bus depot 419; 433

Salvisberg, Otto 447

Salzburg, Festspielhaus 127; radio station 585

Samonà, Giuseppe 567

Samper, Germán 421

Samuely, Felix 287, 527

SANAA 633

Sanabria, Tomás José 407

San Antonio 380; Holt Headquarters 380

San Bernardino, City Hall 338

San Carlos, Ciudad Deportiva 410; 415

Sánchez, Jorge 430

Sanders, Theodorus 78

San Diego, law courts 376; Marina Linear Park 620

San Felipe 410

San Francisco, Yerba Buena Lofts 381; 361–2

San Juan Capistrano, Public Library 345

San Pedro, Channel Heights 271

San Rafael, Marin County Courthouse 216

San Sebastián, Kursaal complex 559; Royal Nautical Club 554

Santa Coloma de Cervelló (Colonia Guëll) 72, 73

Santa Cruz, Kresge College 329

Santa Fe 380

Santa Monica, Eames House 337, 606; Gehry House 329, 350, 376; 298

Santa Rosa de la Pampa 412

Sant’Elia, Antonio 94–7, 232; 66–7

Santelices Oscar 430; 451

Santiago, Altamira School 432; Catholic University chapel (San Joaquín) 432; 455; CEPAL
Building 430; 451; Church of La Florida 429; 446; Consorcio Building 431; 425; Diego
Portales University 432; Fuenzalida House 430–31; 450; El Mercurio headquarters 430;
449; Pontifical Catholic University (Lo Contador) 432; 457; UNCTAD Complex 431; 453

Santiago de Compostela, Galician Presidential Complex 559; 669

Sant Just Desvern, Walden 7 complex 354

Santorini, House of the Winds 578; 708

São Paulo 618; Arch of the Patriarch 397; 394; Brazilian Museum of Sculpture 396; Bucci
house (Ubatuba) 396–7; Casa Mariana (Warchavchik’s house) 371, 394; 385; Copan
Building 396; Dom Pedro II bus terminal 399; Estadual Vilanova School 399; FAU-USP
395, 416; 389; Mendes da Rocha house (Butanta) 397; 392–3; MMBB house (Aldeia da
Serra) 399; 395; Museum of Modern Art (MASP) 399, 622; Paulistano Stadium 395; 387;
Poupatempo Public Service Centre 396; 390–91; schools 563; SESC Fábrica de Pompéia
399; 398;

SAR (Foundation for Architectural Research) 326

Sarkis, Hashim 454; 489

Sarnico, Faccanoni Mausoleum 94, 96; 65

Sartoris, Alberto 332, 360, 572

Sat, Claudio 563; 683–4

Saulnier, Jules 37

Sauvage, Henri 45, 96, 176

Sauvestre, Stephen 40

Sawade, Jürgen 332

Al-Sayed, Marwan 380; 359

Säynätsalo, Town Hall 226, 228, 229, 303, 355, 536; 199

Scannarini, R. 331

Scarpa, Carlo 360, 361, 492, 525, 567, 610; 335

Scenic Architecture 495; 554

Schapiro, M. 191

Scharoun, Hans 126, 131, 147, 187, 230, 248, 376, 403, 525, 588; 727–9

Scharvolgel, J.J. 119

Scheepers 709

Scheerbart, Paul 124, 127, 186, 214

Schiedhelm, Manfred 277, 598; 275–7

Schindler, Rudolf 283, 284, 292, 357, 369, 372, 376, 524; 254–5

Schinkel, Karl Friedrich 19–20, 21, 34, 100, 185, 187, 190, 221, 224, 247, 248, 263, 269, 277,
341, 344, 568; 6, 240

Schlaich, Jorge 593

Schlegel, Fritz 596

Schlemmer, Oskar 133, 136

Schmidt, Hans 142, 151, 285; 257

Schmidt, Joost 136

Schmidt, Karl 118, 119, 132

Schmidt-Rottluff, Karl 125

Schnaidt, Claude 322–3

Schnebli, Dolf 360; 336

Schneck 147

Schoenmaekers, M.H. 156, 157

Schultze and Weaver 218

Schultze-Naumburg, Paul 119, 248, 594

Schultes, Axel 639; 808, 810

Schumacher, Fritz 119

Schuster 42

Schütte-Lihotzky, G. 148; 116

Schuylkill Falls, bridge 35

Schwagenscheidt, Walter 151

Schwartz, Martha 620

Schwarz, Ullrich 593

Schweighofer, Anton 585; 722

Scolari, Massimo 331

Scott, Geoffrey 242

Scott, Sir George Gilbert 38, 51, 71

Scott, John 524

Scott, Michael 536

Scott Brown, Denise 327; 315

Scully, Vincent 328

Sea Ranch 376

Secession 67, 83, 85, 86–91, 93, 98–9

Segal, Rafi 459; 499

Séguin brothers 35

Seibersdorf 586

Seidler, Harry 471, 513, 514

Seinäjoki 224

Sejima, Kazuyo 633

Semper, Gottfried 78, 86, 88, 107, 117–18, 120, 121, 157, 267

Senger, A. de 205

Seoul, Buyeo National Museum 506; Chang-Am-Jang Residence 508; 569, 572; Dae Woo
Arcade 508; Freedom Centre 506; Korean Culture and Arts Foundation 508; Korean
National Museum Tea House 508; National University 506; Space Group Building 506;
570–71; Sports Complex 508; Teacher’s College 508

SEPRA 411

Serrurier-Bovy, Gustave 104

Sert, José Luis 254, 261, 288, 306, 369, 374, 411, 421, 460, 465, 502, 554; 261, 500

Sèthe, Maria 75

Seung Hyo-Sang 510, 512

Severini, Gino 97

Seville, Expo (1992) 433; housing (Barrionuevo) 557, (Cruz and Ortiz) 556, (Nieto and
Sobejano) 560; 676; Ibero-American Exhibition (1929) 388, 426; Olympic Stadium 556;
Santa Justa railway terminal 556; 666; Social Housing Ramón y Cajal 559; 672

Shand, P. Morton 287

Shanghai 495; Jin Mao Tower 489; Oriental Garden 493–5; 553; World Financial Center 489
Sharon, Arieh 456

Sharon, Eldar 457

Shaw, George Bernard 53

Shaw, Richard Norman 50, 52–3, 55, 56, 64, 71, 72, 83, 242, 521; 27–8

Shchuko, V. 243, 244

Shchusev, A.V. 193, 198, 203, 244

Sheerness, Naval Dockyard 37

Sheffield, Park Hill 308; 278; University 299, 301; 271

Shekhtel, F.O. 193

Shenyang, Rice Campus of Shenyang Jianzhu University 498; 559

Shenzhen, Chinese University of Hong Kong 491; Vanke Center 379

Shija, House for All Seasons 490

Shim, Brigitte 386

Shimizu, City Hall 294

Shim-Sutcliffe 386; 371–2

Shinohara, Kazuo 318, 320, 501

Shobac, Messenger House II 387

Shrewsbury, flax-spinning mill 34

Shuaibias, Ali 461

Shushtar New Town 465; 507

Siana, Mohamed Amine 445; 477–8

Sibelius, Jean 221

Šibenik, Solaris Hotel 581

Sidi Othmane, housing 444; 476

Sigmond, Peter 310; 280–81

Siitonen, Tuomo 611, 614

Silver End 527

Simbirchev 196; 164

Simounet, Roland 445

Simpson, Paul 530

Singapore, Republic Polytechnic Campus 566

Sint-Martens-Latem, Van Wassenhove House 551

Sirén, J.S. 223, 242; 209

Siren, Kaija and Heikki 611

Sitges, Casa Catasus 354; 326

Sitte, Camillo 29, 80, 306

Siza Vieira, Álvaro 354–5, 399, 565; 327–9

Skidmore, Owings and Merrill (SOM) 267, 315, 337, 342, 370, 372, 461, 463, 489, 618; 311,
503

Skønvirke movement 594, 596

Skousbøll, Karin 578

Smeaton, John 41

Smirke, Robert 21

Smirke, Sydney 21

Smith, Ivor 308; 278

Smithson, Alison and Peter 298, 299, 300, 301, 306, 307–8, 310–11, 312, 530, 531; 270–71,
277, 280–81

Snellebrand 128

Snøhetta 445; 479

Snozzi, Luigi 361; 338

Soane, John 16, 277

Sobejano, Enrique 560; 675–6

Sobek, Werner 592; 736

Soborg, Munkegards School 598; 749

Social Realism 240, 243, 244, 286

Sol, Germán del 433–4; 456

Solà-Morales, Ignasi de 556

Solà-Morales, Manuel de 621; 788–9

Solana, IBM Campus 620; 787

Solidaire 454

Solomon, James 437

Sommaruga, Giuseppe 94, 96; 65

Sonck, Lars 221, 222, 226; 188

Soriano, Raphael 376, 524

Soria y Mata, Arturo 30–31, 202, 209

Sorrento (Vic), Peninsula House 519

Sostres, J.M. 354

Soto, Jesús Rafael 407

Soufflot, Jacques-Germain 16–17, 21, 34; 2

Souto de Moura, Eduardo 563; 681–2

Space Design 506

SPBR 395

Spear, Laurinda 348

Speer, Albert 248, 249, 250; 217

Split 581; 717

Sprechmann, Thomas 417

Spreckelsen, Johan Otto von 540

Springfield, Dana House 67; 37

Spuybroek, Lars 624

Stadler-Stölzl, Gunta 137

Stam, Mart 139, 142, 143–4, 144–6, 151, 154, 155, 189, 195, 292, 308, 554; 110–11

Stams, Sports Gymnasium 586; 726

Standen 51

Stanislavsky, K. 195

Stansted Airport 341; 314

Starý, Oldřich 152

Steidle, Otto 326, 590

Steiger, Rudolf 285; 257

Stein, Clarence 271, 377

Stenberg 197

Stephenson, George 36

Stephenson, Robert 36; 16

Stephenson and Turner 524

Stern, Robert 328, 329

Stewart, James 386

Stifter, Adalbert 85

De Stijl 101, 134, 136, 148, 156–62, 187, 190, 567

Stile Floreale 94

Stile Littorio 233, 234, 245

Stirling, James 257, 258, 298, 301, 302–3, 345, 414, 421, 530–31, 537; 272–3, 275–6, 317;
613–15

Stockholm 602; Bank of Sweden 605; 765; Bonnier Villa 231; City Hall 221, 241, 600;
Concert Hall 223; Culture Centre 605; Exhibition (1928) 224, (1930) 525, 596, 601; 753–
5; Film House 605; Institute of National Insurance 604; 762; Law Courts 223; Public
Library 223, 224, 242, 600; 191; Skandia Cinema 224; South Cemetery, Woodland Chapel
223; Swedish Film House 764, 766; Woodland Cemetery Crematorium 345, 602; 756

Stokla, J.M. 309

Stone, Edward Durell 275, 480

Stonorov, Oscar 272

Strasbourg, Café L’Aubette 160, 161–2; 131; Hoenheim-Nord car park and terminal 624;
793

Street, G.E. 49, 81

Structural Classicism 21–2, 184

Structuralism (Dutch) 333–6, 342

Structural Rationalism 21, 71–80, 113

Structural Study Associates 273

Studio Mumbai 479; 530–31

Strutt, William 34

Stuart, James 15, 16

Stübben, J. 80

Studer, André 444; 476

Stutchbury, Peter 516, 517

Stuttgart 130; House R128 592; 736; Hysolar Research Institute 590; Railway Station 241;
Romeo and Juliet apartments 131, 403, 588; 728; Staatsgalerie 345; 317;
Weissenhofsiedlung (Deutsche Werkbund Exhibition, 1927) 123, 145, 147, 169, 187–9,
247, 267; 143

Stynen, Léon 547–8

Suez Canal Co. 447

Sullivan, Louis 58–63, 64–5, 70, 98, 215, 293, 369; 31, 33–5

Sumiyoshi, Row House 504

Summers, Gene 342

Sumvitg, St Benedict Chapel 632

Sundahl, Eskil 601

Sunderland, Wearmouth Bridge 33

Superstudio 324–5; 295

Suprematism 141, 142, 159, 187, 191, 194, 200, 260, 266, 267, 268

Suresnes, open-air school 285

Sutcliffe, Howard 386

Sutrio, Casa Quaglia 359; 334

Suzhou, Evian New Town 493; Suzhou Intangible Heritage Museum 496; 555, 556

Swindon, Renault Centre 339, 340; Reliance Controls factory 532

Sydney, Opera House 467, 513, 514, 598; Rose House 513; 583; Surry Hills Library 517; 590–
91; University of NSW 517, 518; 592; University of Sydney 517

Sykia, Vacation House 574; 701–2

Symbolists 74, 90, 113, 115

T
Tabassum, Marina 469, 482, 484; 538–9

Tacubaya, Barragán House 357

Tafuri, Manfredo 254, 331, 525, 569

Tagore, Rabindranath 482

Tain-Tournon, bridge 35

Taipei, Baishawan Beach Visitor Centre 491; 546

Taizhou City, Yongning River Park 498

Takaharju, Sanatorium 222

Takamatsu, Kagawa Pretectural Office 294–5; 268

Takasaki, Gunma Museum 318, 319, 320; 290

Takayanagi, Community Centre 504

Takeuchi, Arthur 342

Talca, Cobre House 434

Taller de Arquitectura see Bofill, Ricardo

Tallon, Ronald 536

Tami, Rino 332, 360, 620

Tampa, NCNB headquarters 381; 360

Tampere, Cathedral 222; 188; Industrial Exhibition (1922) 224; University of Technology 615

Taniguchi, Yoshio 502, 639

Tanizaki, Junichiro 319

Tange, Kenzo 294–5, 296, 309, 319, 501, 502, 568; 267–8

Tapiola, Printing Works 611; 778

Tarakohe, Tasman Memorial 522; 596

Tarjanne, Onni 222

Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University 445; 478

Tarragona, Governor’s Palace 554–5; 661; Mora d’Ebre Hospital 555; 662

Tatlin, Vladimir 41, 142, 194, 195, 196; 163

Taut, Bruno 88, 122, 123, 124–5, 126–7, 128, 131, 132, 147, 151, 169, 186, 199, 230, 315,
451, 467, 582; 91

Taut, Max 125, 126, 127, 142, 147

Tavanasa, Rhine Bridge 45

Tavole 631

Távora, Fernando 561

Taylor, Jennifer 513, 514

Taylor, Warrington 50

Team 4 532

Team Architrave 486

Team X 307–14, 341, 488, 502, 602

Tecton 286–7, 527, 529; 260

Tehran 618; Bank Melli 464; 505; Dollar II apartments 465; Museum of Contemporary Art
465; 506; Orphan School 464

Teige, Karel 152, 175, 286

Tel Aviv 310, 456; 279; Engel Apartment House 456; 494; Habima Theatre 456; Helena
Rubinstein Gallery 456; Histadrut headquarters 456; Mann Auditorium 456; ORT School
456; ZIM Shipping Company office 456
Telford, Thomas 33, 35

TEN Arquitectos 392; 382

Tendenza 330–32, 335, 347, 541, 557

Tengbom, Ivar 223

Tenisheva, Princess 192

Tennessee Valley Authority 271; 242

Tenreiro, Esteban 410

Tenreiro, Oscar 410; 415

Tenreiro-Degwitz, Jesús 407–8; 413–14

Terni, Matteotti Village 326; 296

Terragni, Giuseppe 96, 232–3, 234, 235, 236, 237–8, 239, 348, 554, 568, 574, 595; 24, 203–
4, 206

Terragni, Mario 238; 207

Tessenow, Heinrich 165, 248, 329, 594

Testa, Clorindo 357, 411–12, 414; 419–20

Tewkesbury Abbey 51

Thera, Prehistoric Museum 578

Thermes, Laura 331

Thessaloniki, Experimental School 574; 699; girls’ school 574; Museum of Byzantine Culture
575

Thiepval Arch 57, 242; 30

Thom, Ron 382

Thompsen, E. 223

Thompson, Roland 513

Thomsen, Edvard 595, 596; 743

Thon, K.A. 193

Thonet 101, 147, 166, 171

Thorncrown Chapel 376

Thorp, Richard 514

Thumersbach, Heyrovsky House 584; 719–20

Thut, Doris and Ralph 326, 590

Tigbourne Court 57
Tigerman, Stanley 329

Tokyo 292–6; Akaboshi houses 293; Bay plan 296; Central Telephone Office 293; City Hall
294, 295; General Post Office 293; Fujisawa Municipal Gymnasium 502; 564; Harumi
Apartments 296; 269; Hillside Terrace Apartments 502; Imperial Hotel 69, 70, 292, 293,
500, 520; Kikkakan House 500; Kiswire headquarters 512; Nakagin Capsule Tower 318;
289; National Olympic Stadium 294, 502; 267; Raymond’s house 292, 500; 265; Rising
Sun Petroleum Offices 293; Tepia Pavilion 502; Tokyo Golf Club 293; Tokyo Institute of
Technology Centennial Hall 501; Tokyo International Forum 501; 563; Tokyo Kasai Rinkai
Park Visitors’ Centre 502; 565; Tsurumi House 500

Toledo (Uruguay), church for the Archdiocesan Seminary of Montevideo 415; 426

Toledo (USA), Glass Museum 633; Museum of Art 633

Tolstoy, Leo 104

Toltz, Max 44

Toluca, Automex Factory 390; 379

Tomamu, Chapel-on-the-Water 502–4; 567

Tomoya, Noh Stage 504

Tongoy, Klotz house 431

Toorop, Jan 75, 81

Torres i Clavé, Josep 288, 411, 554

Torres, Luis Eduardo 403

Torres-García, Joaquín 415, 429; 425

Torres Tur, Elías 555; 662

Torricella, Tonini House 331; 301

Torroja, Eduardo 390, 419

Toronto, City Hall 382; Integral House 386; 372; Massey College 383; Scarborough College
383, 514; 366; Union Station 370; Wolf House 383

Toulon, de Mandrot House 210, 255, 256, 257, 259

Toulouse, school of economics 539

Townsend, Charles Harrison 23, 55, 86, 193

Toyota, Municipal Museum of Art 502

Transvaal Group 288, 437

Trauer 44

Trenton, Bath House complex 474; Jewish Community Centre 277

Trevithick, Richard 23
Trier 333

Trieste, Town Hall 330

Trondheim, University 598

Troost, Paul Ludwig 248, 249

Trucco, Giacomo Matté 45, 166; 21

Tschumi, Bernard 349, 350, 540; 322

Tsien, Billie 378, 379; 356–7

Tubac, Tyler House 623; 791

Tubbs, Ralph 298

Tucson, Joy studio 380

Tucumán, University 412

Tuen Mun, Lingnan University 490

Tuljapur, Tate Institute of Social Sciences 476; 522–3

Tull, Jethro 23

Tulsa 213

Tuñón, Emilio 560; 673–4

Tuomey, John 536, 537; 626–9

Turin, Exhibition Hall (1948) 44; Exhibition of Decorative Arts (1902) 92, 119, 122, 123; Fiat
Works 45, 166; 21

Turku, Atrium Apartments 224; St Michael 221, 611; South-Western Agricultural Co-
operative Building 224; Turun-Sanomat Office 225, 230

Turnbull, William 329, 376

Turner, Claude Allen Porter 46

Turner, John 325

Turner, Richard 38

Tuxedo Park 64

Tyl, Oldřich 152, 154

Tyng, Ann 277; 248

Tyre, Housing for the Fishermen of Tyre 454; 489

Tzara, Tristan 102, 255

Tzonis, Alexis 363–4

U
UAM (Union des Artistes Modernes) 180–81

Ulm, Hochschule für Gestaltung 322; 294

Ungers, Oswald Mathias 332–3, 525, 568, 590; 304, 732–3

Union Bridge 35

Union of Socialist Architects 155

Unwin, Raymond 32, 54, 147, 546

Urachiche 410

URBANUS 495

Urbino 313, 569; University 569; 690

Utrecht, chauffeur’s house 161; Schröder-Schräder House 153, 159, 160; 129–30

Utzon, Jørn 352, 360, 464, 467, 514, 516, 518, 555, 556, 598, 606; 505, 510–11, 750–51

V
Vaasa 224

Vago Giuseppe 243

Vago, Pierre 447

Vaillant-Couturier, Paul 178

Valdemaqueda, Town Hall 561

Valdiva 429

Valega, Manuel 420

Valle, Gino 359, 570; 334, 691

Vällingby 602, 605

Valori Plastici 232, 236

Valparaíso School 430; 446, 448

Vals, thermal baths 632

Valsamakis, Nicos 576; 707

Van Alen, W. 253; 218

van Berkel, Ben 624

Vancouver, Robson Square 621; Simon Fraser University 370, 383; 365

Vančura, Vladislav 153

Van de Leck, Bart 156, 157, 158

Van den Broek, J. 279

Van der Leeuw, Kees 145

Van der Swaelman, Louis 546

Vandervelde, Emile 104

Van der Vlugt, L.C. 144, 145, 285, 286, 554; 110–11

Van de Velde, Henry 99, 104–7, 115, 121, 122, 124, 128, 132, 241, 307, 525, 546, 568; 75–8,
646

Van Doesburg, Theo 134, 136, 156, 157, 158, 159–60, 161–2, 190, 348; 128, 131

Van Eesteren, Cor 157, 159, 160, 306; 128

Van Eyck, Aldo 306, 311–12, 314, 334, 335, 421

Van Gameren, Dick 450; 484

Vannucci, Riccardo 440

Van Steenbergen, Eduard 548

Vantaa, Myyrmäki Church and Community Centre 611; 780–82; Science Centre 611

Van ’t Hoff, Robert 156, 157, 158

Van Tijen, W. 285

Vantongerloo, Georges 156, 157, 158

Varèse, Edgar 551

Vargas, Getúlio 289, 371

Vasarely, Victor 406

Vasnetsov, V.M. 192, 193

Vassal, Jean Philippe 543–4; 642–4

Vaudoyer, Antoine-Laurent-Thomas 20

Vaudremer, J.-A.-E. 58, 64

Växjö 604

Vázquez de Castro, Antonio 557

Vázquez Consuegra, Guillermo 559; 672

VBB 467

Vector Architects 496; 555–7

Vegman, G. 198

Venice, Biennale (1962) 608–9; 771; (1968) 607, (1980) 12, 329, 341, 345, 361, 614; 315;
Cannaregio proposal 348–9; Lido villa 103; 73–4; Querini Stampalia Gallery 335
Venturi, Robert 326–8, 329, 342; 315

Venturi, Rauch and Scott Brown 536; 315

Vereinigte Werkstätten für Kunst und Handwerk München 119

Verhaeren, Emile 105

Vernon, Château Bizy 34

Verona, Castelvecchio Museum 492

Versailles 22; Bibliothèque Nationale annexe 183

Vertov, Dziga 178

Vesnin, A. and V. 198; 167

Vessey, Arve Bridge 46; 22

Viaplana, Albert 556

Vicat, Louis-Joseph 35, 42

Victoria (BC), Strawberry Vale School 384; 369

Vieco, Hernán 402

Vienna 29; ‘Apollo’ shop 89; Brunnerstrasse housing 585; Café Museum 101; City for
Children 585; 722; Falkstrasse rooftop remodelling 585, 628; 725; Goldman & Salatsch
Store 100; 68; Heuberg Estate 102, 147; 72; Hohe Warte 88; Karl Marx Hof housing 347,
525, 584; 718; Karlsplatz Station 224; Kärntner Bar 100; Kinkplatz school 586; Kniže store
103; Majolica House 86; Moller House 101; Post Office Savings Bank 91; 63–4;
Ringstrasse 29, 86, 100, 347; Rufer House 101; Secession building 86, 87, 89; 58; Sports
Hall 584; Stadtbahn 91; Steiner House 101; 70–71; Steinhof Church 221; travel bureaus
(Hollein) 346; 318; Wärndorfer music salon 83; Wiener Werkbundsiedlung (1930–32)
584; Die Zeit telegraph offices 91

Vigliecca, Héctor 417

Vigo, University 560

Viinika, Church 224

Viipuri, Library 224, 227; 192, 194–5

Vilamajó, Julio 415

Vilanova Artigas, João Batista see Artigas, João Batista Vilanova

Villaamil, Arturo 417

Villagrán García, José 388, 389

Villa Malcontenta 172–3; 141

Villanueva, Carlos Raúl 357, 406–7; 410, 412

Villa Rotonda 173, 269

Villejuif, Karl Marx School 177–8, 542; 148

Viña del Mar, Cap Ducal Restaurant 426; 444

Vingt, Les (XX, Les) 75, 104

Viñoly, Rafael 501; 563

Violi, Bruno 402

Viollet-le-Duc, Eugène 43, 71, 72, 74, 76, 77, 78, 79, 113, 114, 622; 44

Virasoro, Alejandro 411

Vitruvius 15, 16

Vkhutemas 136, 143, 194, 195, 196–7, 198; 164

Vladimirov, V. 198

Voelcker, John 306

Volait, Mercedes 446

Voltaire 14

Voltelen, Mogens 596

Vopra 201, 243, 244

Vormala, T. 611; 777

Voysey, C.F.A. 50, 52, 53, 55, 82, 84, 86, 193, 521; 28–9

Vreeland, T.R. 342

Vriesendorp, Madelon 348

W
Wachsmann, Konrad 201, 376; 353

Wadeshwar, Shiv Temple 479; 527

Wadi Hanifa 463; 504

Wagga Wagga, Deepwater Woolshed 517; 588

Wagner, Martin 147, 369, 584

Wagner, Otto 9, 61, 85–6, 89, 91, 221, 224, 581; 63–4

Wagner, Richard 71, 72, 73, 74, 117

Walcot, V.F. 193

Walden, Herwarth 124

Walker, Peter 620; 787

Walker, Robin 536

Walker, Roger 524

Wallot, Paul 641

Wanderers see Narodniki

Wang Shu 491, 492

Wang Weijen 490–91

Wansher, Vilhelm 222

Warchavchik, Gregori 289, 371, 394; 385

Ward, Basil 527

Ward, William E. 42

Warndorfer, Fritz 83, 89

Warren, Michael 524; 599

Warren and Mahoney 524

Warren and Wetmore 250

Warsaw, British Embassy 533; Museum of the History of Polish Jews 615

Washington, Lincoln Memorial 250

Waterhouse, Alfred 71

Watt, James 33, 36

Wayland, Chamberlain Cottage 373–4; 348–9

Wayss, Gustav Adolf 42

Webb, Beatrice 53

Webb, Michael 316, 317; 285

Webb, Philip 49–50, 51, 52, 55, 81, 84, 521; 25–6

Webb, Sidney 53

Webber, Melvin 321–2, 532

Weber, K. 357

Wegener, Paul 128

Weil am Rhein, Vitra industrial estate 624

Weimar, Academy of Fine Arts 107; Bauhaus Exhibition (1923) 136; Dumont Theatre 107;
Grand Ducal School of Arts and Crafts 107, 132; see also Bauhaus

Weinbrenner, Friedrich 19

Weiner, Paul Lester 374

Weizmann, Chaim 456

Welandawe, Hirante 486

Wellington, Athfield House and Studio 524; 601; Britten House 524; Dixon Street flats 522;
597; Massey House 524; 598; Meteorological Office 524; 600; railway station 521

Welzenbacher, Lois 584; 719–20

Wencun Village 492; 549–50

Werkstätten für deutschen Hausrat Theophil Müller Dresden 119

West Cambewarra, Boyd Education Centre 516

West Cornwall, Frank House 348

West Vancouver, Gleneagles Community Centre 384–5; 368

Westman, Carl 223

Westman, Hans 601

Weston, Richard 631

West Pennant, Howard House 387; 373

Whakatane, Airport 524

Whipsnade Zoo 286

Whistler, Audain Art Museum 385

White and Hazard 35

Whittick, Arnold 10

Wiener, Paul Lester 289; 263

Wiener Werkstätte 89, 119

Wigley, Mark 350

Wijdeveld, Theo 128, 546

Wilheim, Jorge 400; 401

Wilkin, Richard 383; 367

Wilkinson, J. 33

Williams, Alberto 412

Williams, Amancio 357, 391, 412–13; 333; 424

Williams, Owen 285–6, 529; 258

Williams, Tod 378, 379; 356–7

Wils, Jan 156, 158

Wilson, Colin St John 298, 530, 604, 614, 641; 811

Wilson, Thomas 33

Winckelmann, Johann Joachim 14, 15

Winter, Pierre 210

Witherford Watson Mann 631

Wittkower, Rudolf 299

Wittwer, Hans 138, 139, 142, 143, 144; 108

Woburn, Winn Memorial Library 66

Woden, Technical and Further Education Complex 514; 584

Wogenscky, André 454

Wolf, Harry 358, 381; 332, 360

Wolff, Heinrich 437, 438; 464–5

Wolff, Ilze 438

Wölfflin, Heinrich 140

Wolfsburg, Phaeno Science Centre 358

Wolkenbügel project 345

Woods, Shadrach 306, 312–13, 314, 444, 598; 282–4; 475

Wooley, Ken 471

Worringer, Wilhelm 106

Wright, Frank Lloyd 30, 45, 54, 61, 63, 64–70, 82, 91, 141, 157, 158, 165, 187, 190, 213–19,
241, 279, 282, 284, 292, 293, 302, 315, 335, 342, 360, 369, 372, 377, 381, 555, 566; 36,
38–43, 181–6; Broadacre City 215, 217–19, 321; 187

Wunderlich, Gottlob 119

Wurster, William 357

Wyatt, Matthew Digby 38

X
Xenakis, Iannis 551

Xiangxi, Angdong Hospital 490

Xing Village, Brown Sugar Factory 558

XX, Les see Vingt, Les

Y
Yamada, Mamoru 293, 500
Yamasaki, Minoru 315

Yamawaki 106

Yangpyeong, Concrete Box House 512; 574, 577; Stone Wall House 512; 578; U-Shaped
House 511

Yarlung Tsangpo Boat Terminal 496; 560–61

Yim, Rocco 490

Yinzhou, Ningbo Historical Museum 491; 547

Yirrkala, Marika-Alderton House 515–16; 586–7

Yllescas, Sixte 288

Yokohama International Port Terminal 625–6, 627; 794

Yorke, F.R.S. 373, 549

Yoshida, Isoya 294

Yoshida, Tetsuro 293

Yoshimura, Junzo 293

Young, Thomas 39

Young, William Gray 521

Yountville, Dominus Winery 632; 800

Yusuhara, Marche 505; Town Hall 504; 568; Wooden Bridge Museum 505

Z
Zabludovsky, Abraham 392

Zaera Polo, Alejandro 625–6; 794

Žák, Ladislav 154

Zamora, Museum 560; 673–4

ZAO/standardarchitecture 496; 560–61

Zapallar, Eliodoro Matte House 431; Errazuriz House 210, 255, 257, 453; 179

Zaragoza, library 555

Zbraslav, Vančura villa 153; 123

Zecha, Adrian 520

Zedelgem, Villa M in Z 551–2; 658

Zeebrugge, ferry terminal 320

Zehnerring 131
Zehrfuss, Bernard 374, 581; 351

Zenetos, Takis 575, 576; 706

Zenghelis, Elia 348, 510

Zenghelis, Zoe 348

Zevi, Bruno 354, 525, 566–7, 569

Zhang Ke 496

Zhang Xin 489

Zhujiajiao 493

Zhukov, V.A. 193

Zimpeto, Institute of International Relations 450; 483

Zlín 208, 209; 177

Zola, Emile 109, 111

Zonguldak, Zeilenbau housing 451

Zucker, Paul 273, 275

Zumthor, Peter 632

Zürich, Bad-Allenmoos swimming pool 285; Doldertal apartments 285, 373; 347;
Landesmuseum 79; Neubühl Siedlung 285; 257; Station proposal (Botta/Snozzi) 361; 338
First published in the United Kingdom in 1980 as Modern Architecture
by Thames & Hudson Ltd, 181A High Holborn, London WC1V 7QX
and in the United States of America by Thames and Hudson Inc.,
500 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10110

This new edition published in 2020

ISBN 978-0-500-20444-3

Modern Architecture © 1980, 1985, 1992 and 2020

Thames & Hudson Ltd, London

Text by Kenneth Frampton

Copy-editing by Sarah Yates

This electronic version first published in 2020 in the United Kingdom by

Thames & Hudson Ltd, 181A High Holborn, London WC1V 7QX

This electronic version first published in 2020 in the United States of

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eISBN 978-0-500-77591-2
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