ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
AC and DC Machinery Laboratory Manual
ACTIVITY 1: THE DC SERIES MOTOR
1.1 Program Outcomes (POs) Addressed by the Activity
b) ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data;
d) ability to function on multidisciplinary teams;
e) ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems;
g) ability to communicate effectively.
1.2 Activity’s Course Learning Outcomes (ACLOs)
At the end of this activity, the student shall be able to:
a. Discuss fundamental operation of DC motors and analyze various configurations.
1.3 Objectives of the Activity
The objectives of this activity are to:
a. To investigate the relationship between the speed, line current, output power
and the efficiency against the torque produced by the DC series motor.
1.4 Principle of the Activity
The torque of a series DC motor, as in the case of a shunt DC motor, is still directly
proportional to flux per pole and armature current as shown in the equation
T = kφsIa
However, as previously mentioned, the flux per pole is proportional also to the armature
current since the armature is in series with the series field winding. Hence,
T = k(k1IaNs)Ia = Tk2(Ia)^2
showing that the torque for a series motor, operating before the saturation points of its
magnetization curve, will be directly proportional to the square of the current Ia. This will
explain why the series motor has a superior torque-load characteristic compared to all motor,
whether AC or DC motor.
Input power in the series motor is given by
ACTIVITY 1: THE DC SERIES GENERATOR AND MOTOR
PI = VL × IL
where VL is the line or terminal voltage applied to the motor and IL is the line current.
Output or motor power is given by
PM = EgIa = [VL – Ia(Ra + Rs)]Ia = VLIa – (Ia)^2(Ra + Rs)
1.5 Materials/Equipment
DC Compound Machine
Power Supply Unit
Tachometer
DC Voltmeter
DC Ammeter
Electrodynamometer
Tachometer
Resistor Bank
Timing belt
Connecting wires, #25
Electronic Multi-tester
1.6. Wiring Diagrams
Figure 1.1.
ACTIVITY 1: THE DC SERIES GENERATOR AND MOTOR
1.7 Procedures
Motor
1. Position the DC Compound machine and the Electrodynamometer side by side to each
other and couple the two with a timing belt.
2. Connect the wiring diagram as shown in Fig. 1.1.
Initial settings:
Field rheostat = mid-range position;
Dynamometer = 0 lbf-in;
DC motor voltage = 0 V
3. Turn on the power supply. Gradually increase the dc supply voltage to 120 V or until
the speed of the shunt motor is 1500 or 1800 rpm. Check the speed of the machine using
tachometer. The field rheostat can also be adjusted to attain the said speed.
4. Increase the torque of the dynamometer in steps and record the speed, line current, and
input voltage in Table 1.1.
NOTE: DO NOT allow the motor to run without a load, minimum of 2 lbf-in,
otherwise the motor may seriously over-speed and could disintegrate.
5. Calculate armature power, field power, input power, output power and efficiency using
the following relationships:
Shaft (Output Power) = 2π × speed (rpm) × Torque (n-m) / 60
ACTIVITY 1: THE DC SERIES GENERATOR AND MOTOR
Input Power = VL × IL
%Efficiency = (Output Power)/(Input Power) x 100%
Tabulate the results in Table 1.1
6. Plot graphs of the line current, efficiency and speed against torque (x –axis).
7. Compute the percent speed regulation.
Speed Regulation = [ (No load Speed – Full load Speed)/Full load Speed] x100%
ACTIVITY 1: THE DC SERIES GENERATOR AND MOTOR
1.8. Activity Report
Section: Date Performed:
Course Code: Date Submitted:
Course Title:
Instructor:
Group No.: Activity No.:
Group Members: Signature:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.8.1. Data and Results
Motor
Table 1.2: Measured Values
Torque Speed Voltage Current Input Output Efficiency
(lbf-in) (rpm) VL IL Power (W) Power (W) %
2 120V
4 120V
6 120V
8 120V
10 120V
12 120V
ACTIVITY 1: THE DC SERIES GENERATOR AND MOTOR
Procedure 6: Plot Torque vs Speed/Iline/Poutput/Efficiency
Procedure 7: %Speed Regulation?
1.8.2 Calculations
ACTIVITY 1: THE DC SERIES GENERATOR AND MOTOR
1.8.3 Observations
1.8.4 Conclusion/s
1.8.5 Rating (include Rubric)
ACTIVITY 1: THE DC SERIES GENERATOR AND MOTOR
