Page 1 of 5

Chapter 2 “Scalars and Vectors “

Unit Vector Chapter 3 “MOTION”
⃗𝑨
⃗ For constant velocity
̂=
𝒂 S = v x t
𝑨
𝑨𝒙 𝒊 + 𝑨𝒚 𝒋 + 𝑨𝒛 𝒌 Equations of motion
̂=
𝒂
√𝑨𝒙𝟐 +𝑨𝒚𝟐 + 𝑨𝒛𝟐 1. 𝒗𝒇 = 𝒗𝒊 + 𝒂𝒕
𝟏
Resultant of two vectors 2. 𝑺 = 𝒗𝒊 𝒕 + 𝟐 𝒂𝒕𝟐
⃗⃗ + 𝑩
𝑹 = │𝑨 ⃗⃗ │ = √𝑨𝟐 + 𝑩𝟐 + 𝟐𝑨𝑩𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 3. 𝟐𝒂𝑺 = 𝒗𝟐𝒇 − 𝒗𝟐𝒊
⃗⃗ − 𝑩
𝑹 = │𝑨 ⃗⃗ │ = √𝑨𝟐 + 𝑩𝟐 − 𝟐𝑨𝑩𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 Net force 𝑭 = 𝒎𝒂
Resolution of a vector into x and y components Motion of bodies Connected by a string:
𝑭𝒙 = 𝑭 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 𝑭𝒚 = 𝑭 𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜽 Case#1: When both bodies move
−𝟏
F= √𝑭𝒚𝟐 + 𝑭𝒙𝟐 𝜽 = 𝒕𝒂𝒏 (𝑭𝒚 / 𝑭𝒙) vertically
Scalar Product 𝒎𝟏 − 𝒎𝟐 𝟐𝒎𝟏 𝒎𝟐
⃗⃗𝑨. ⃗⃗𝑩 = 𝑨𝑩𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 𝒂=( )𝒈 𝑻 = ( )𝒈
𝒎𝟏 + 𝒎𝟐 𝒎𝟏 + 𝒎𝟏
⃗⃗ . 𝑩
𝑨 ⃗⃗ = 𝑨𝒙𝑩𝒙 + 𝑨𝒚𝑩𝒚 + 𝑨𝒛𝑩𝒛 Case#2: When one body is moving
(𝑨 ⃗⃗ . ⃗𝑩⃗)
= 𝑨𝑩 = (𝑷𝒓𝒐𝒋𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝑨 𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒐 𝑩) vertically downward and other is lying on
𝑩
smooth Horizontal surface:
(𝑨 ⃗⃗ . ⃗⃗𝑩)
= 𝑩𝑨 = (𝑷𝒓𝒐𝒋𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝑩 𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒐 𝑨) 𝒎𝟏 𝒎𝟏 𝒎𝟐
𝑨 𝒂=( )𝒈 𝑻 = ( )𝒈
𝒎𝟏 + 𝒎𝟐 𝒎𝟏 + 𝒎𝟏
𝒊. 𝒋 = 𝒋. 𝒊 = 𝒌. 𝒊 = 𝟎,
𝒊 . 𝒊 = 𝟏, 𝒋. 𝒋 = 𝟏, 𝒌. 𝒌 = 𝟏 Law of conservation of linear momentum
Vector Product 𝒎𝟏 𝒖𝟏 + 𝒎𝟐 𝒖𝟐 = 𝒎𝟏 𝒗𝟏 + 𝒎𝟐 𝒗𝟐
∆𝑷 𝒗𝒇 − 𝒗𝒊
𝑭𝒏𝒆𝒕 = = 𝒎( )
∆𝒕 𝒕
Inclined Plane
Case-1: Body is moving upward with
│𝑨⃗⃗ 𝑿 ⃗𝑩⃗ │ = 𝑨𝑩𝑺𝒊𝒏𝜽 constant acceleration
𝒊 𝒙 𝒋 = 𝒌, 𝒋 𝒙 𝒌 = 𝒊, 𝒌𝒙𝒊 = 𝒋 𝒎𝒂 = −𝑾 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝜽 − 𝒇
𝒋 𝒙 𝒊 = −𝒌, 𝒌 𝒙 𝒋 = − 𝒊, 𝒊𝒙𝒌 = −𝒋 In case f= 0, 𝒂 = −𝒈𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝜽
i x i = 0, j x j = 0, kxk=0 Case-2: Body Moving Downward with
Area of Triangle Constant Acceleration:
1 ⃗ ⃗⃗ | 𝒎𝒂 = 𝑾 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝜽 − 𝒇
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝜟 = |𝑨 × 𝑩
2
In case f= 0, 𝒂 = +𝒈𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝜽
Area of Parallelogram Friction 𝒇 = 𝝁𝑹
Area of llgm = │𝑨⃗⃗ 𝑿 ⃗𝑩
⃗ │ Fluid Friction
𝑭𝒅 = 𝟔𝝅𝜼𝒓𝒗
 Page 2 of 5

Chapter 4 "Motion in two Dimensions"

Components of velocity Chapter 5
𝒗𝒙 = 𝒗𝟎𝒙 = 𝒗𝟎 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝛉
𝒗𝒚 = 𝒗𝟎𝒚 − 𝒈𝒕 Torque, Equilibrium and Angular
Horizontal and Vertical Motion Momentum
Torque
𝒙 = 𝒗𝒙 t
τ= (r) (F sin θ)
𝟏 Angular Momentum
𝒚 = 𝒗𝟎𝒚 𝒕 − 𝒈𝒕𝟐
𝟐 𝐋 = m (𝐫×𝐯⃗)
Resultant velocity
L = mvrSinθ
𝟐
𝒗 = √𝒗𝒙 + 𝒗𝒚 𝟐
If Angle θ = 90o

Maximum Height and Range L = mvr

𝒗𝟎 𝟐 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽𝟐 𝒗𝟎 𝟐 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐𝜽 In Ladder Numerical
𝑯= 𝑹=
𝟐𝒈 𝒈 F = μ R where R = weight
∑𝛕
⃗ Clock wise = ∑𝛕
⃗ anti-clock wise
Total time of flight Chap. 7 “Work, Power and Energy”
𝟐𝒗𝟎 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽
𝑻= Work done
𝒈
𝐖 = 𝐅𝐝𝐜𝐨𝐬𝛉 [Where d = v x t]
Angular Motion Electron-volt is a unit of energy.
𝑺 = 𝒓𝜽 1 eV = 1.6 x10 -19 J
Angular velocity Kilowatt-hour is also the unit of energy.
𝜟𝜽 1 Kilowatt-hour = 3. 6 x 106 Joule
𝝎=
𝜟𝒕 K.E = ½ mv2
Angular Acceleration P.E = mgh
𝜟𝝎 Work Energy Equation
𝜶 =
𝜟𝒕
½ mv2 + fh = mgh
Uniform Circular Motion
Power
𝒎𝒗𝟐 W
𝒂𝒄 = 𝒗𝟐 /𝒓𝑭𝒄 =
𝒓 P =
t
P = F v cosθ
𝒗𝒕 = 𝒓𝝎 1Hp = 746W
𝒂𝒕 = 𝒓𝜶 In case when an object is lifted upward
𝑾 𝒎𝒈𝒉
𝒂 = √𝒂𝒕 𝟐 + 𝒂𝒄 𝟐
P = =
𝒕 𝒕
𝒂𝒕 = 𝒈𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 (Tarzen Numerical)
 Page 3 of 5

Chapter 8 “Sound and Waves” Speed of transverse waves in a string

Mass Spring System v = √𝝁

𝑻
T = Tension
Spring force𝐅 = 𝐤𝐱
Speed of sound
𝒌𝒙𝟐 𝟏
𝑷. 𝑬 = K.E = 𝟐
𝒌 ( 𝒙𝟎 − 𝒙 𝟐)
ϒ𝑷 ϒ𝑹𝑻
v = √ v = √
𝟐 𝟐
𝟏 𝒐𝒓
𝝆 𝑴
𝒎𝒂 = 𝒌𝒙, 𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝑬𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒈𝒚 𝐄 = 𝒌𝒙𝟎 𝟐
𝟐
𝟐𝝅 Speed of sound at 0ᵒc, v = 332 m/s
𝑻 = , 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 𝝎𝒊𝒔𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓𝒗𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒚
𝝎
𝑻
𝒎 𝒌 𝒗 = 𝟑𝟑𝟐 √ Where temperature ‘T’ is in Kelvin
T = 2π √ 𝒌 𝝎 = √𝒎 𝟐𝟕𝟑

Beat Frequency
𝒌
𝒗 = 𝝎√𝒙𝟎 𝟐 − 𝒙𝟐 = √ √𝒙𝟎 𝟐 − 𝒙𝟐 fb = f 1 – f2 or f b = f 2 – f1
𝒎
Doppler’s Effect
When an object is hanging vertically with spring
1. When listener move and source at listener
then spring force = weight
a) Listener moves toward source
F = w
fd = f(v + v0)/v
Kx = mg
b) Listener moves away from source
𝒙 𝒈
T = 2π √𝒈 𝝎 = √ 𝒙 fd = f(v - v0)/v
Simple Pendulum 2. When listener at rest and source move
𝑳 𝟐𝝅 a) Source moves towards listener
𝑻 = 𝟐𝝅√𝒈 Or 𝑻 = 𝝎
fd = vf/(v – vs)
Stationary waves in a stretched string b) Source moves away from listener
1st mode of vibration fd = vf/(v + vs)
λ1 = 2l, f1 = v/2l 3. When both are moving
nd
2 mode of vibration a) Towards
λ2 = l, f2 = v/l f2 = 2 x f1 fd = (v + v0)f/(v – vs)
rd
3 mode of vibration b) Away
λ3 = 2l/3, f3 = 3v/2l f3 = 3 x f1 fd = (v - v0)f/(v + vs)
th
4 mode of vibration Mach number = Speed of Object/Speed of sound

l = 2λ4, f4 = 2v/ l f4 = 4 x f1 Mach number = v s/v

Frequency for nth mode of vibration
fn = n x f1
Sonometer Fundamental frequency
𝟏 𝑻
f1 = √ where µ = mass/length
𝟐𝒍 µ
 Page 4 of 5

Chapter 6 “Gravitation” Chapter 9 “Nature of Light”

Newton’s Gravitational Law Young’s double Slit Experiment
𝑮𝒎𝟏 𝒎𝟐 𝑳
𝑭= 𝜟𝒚 = 𝝀 Or 𝐏𝐚𝐭𝐡 𝐝𝐢𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞 = 𝐝𝐲/𝐋
𝒓𝟐 𝒅
Gravity at the surface of earth Michelson’s Interferometer
𝑴𝑬 𝟐𝒙
𝒈=𝑮 𝟐 𝑴𝒆 = 𝟓. 𝟗𝟖 × 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟒 𝑲𝒈 𝝀 =
𝑹𝑬 𝒎
𝝆 = 𝟓. 𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎𝟑 𝑲𝒈/𝒎𝟑 Newton’s Rings
At the surface of any other planet 𝒕 = 𝒓𝟐 /𝟐𝑹
𝑮 𝑴𝑿 Constructive Interference
𝒈 = 𝒓 = √(𝑵 − ½)𝝀 𝑹
𝑹𝑿 𝟐 𝒎 = 𝑵– 𝟏
𝟏
Value of g at height ‘h’ 𝟐𝒏𝒕 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜶 = ( 𝒎 + ) 𝝀
𝟐
𝐌𝐄
𝐠𝐡 = 𝐆 Destructive Interference
(𝐑 𝐄 + 𝐡)𝟐
𝒓 = √𝒎 𝝀 𝑹 𝒎= 𝑵
Value of g at depth‘d’
𝟐𝒏𝒕 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜶 = 𝒎𝝀
𝒅
𝒈𝒅 = (𝟏 − )𝒈 Diffraction Grating
𝑹𝑬
𝑨𝒑𝒑𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝑾𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒅 = 𝑳/𝑵 𝒎 𝝀 = 𝒅 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽𝒎
𝑾𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒗𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝒊𝒔 𝒎𝒐𝒗𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒖𝒑𝒘𝒂𝒓𝒅 X-ray Diffraction
𝑻 = 𝒎(𝒈 + 𝒂) 𝒎 𝝀 = 𝟐𝒅 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽
Apparent weight will increase Chapter 10 “Geometrical Optics”
𝑾𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒗𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝒊𝒔 𝒎𝒐𝒗𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒅𝒐𝒘𝒏𝒘𝒂𝒓𝒅 𝟏
𝐏𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 (𝐝𝐢𝐨𝐩𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐬) =
𝑻 = 𝒎(𝒈 − 𝒂) 𝐟(𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐞𝐫)

Apparent weight will decrease This lens formula

Artificial Gravity 1 1 1
 
f p q
𝟏 𝒂𝒄
𝒇= √
𝟐𝝅 𝑹 Sign Conventions
𝑰𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒇𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒚 𝒇 𝒊𝒔 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒕𝒐 𝒔𝒖𝒄𝒉 𝒂𝒏 𝒆𝒙𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕 1. The object distance p is positive for
𝒕𝒉𝒂𝒕 𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒇𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒗𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒍𝒔 𝒕𝒐 𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒗𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒂𝒕 𝒕𝒉𝒆 real object and negative for virtual
𝑬𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒉 𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒏 object.
2. The image distance q is positive for
𝒂𝒄 = 𝒈
real object and negative for virtual
𝟏 𝒈 object.
𝒇= √ 3. The focal length f is positive for
𝟐𝝅 𝑹 convex lens and negative for
concave lens.
 Page 5 of 5

Combination of thin lenses

1 1 1
  P = P1 + P2
f f1 f 2

Linear Magnification
q hi
M = =
p ho

𝜷
Angular Magnification =
𝜶
SIMPLE MICROSCOPE (or) MAGNIFYING GLASS

d
M = (1+ ) where d = 25 cm = 250mm (for
f
normal human eye)

COMPOUND MICROSCOPE
M = (qo/po)(1 + d/fe)

Length = qo + pe

ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPE

fo
M =
fe

L = fo + fe
XI Physics Numericals (1995 to 2018)
compiled by Sir Waqar Hussain
Chapter # 1
INTRODUCTION
***What are the dimensions of angular velocity ω? Show that the
l
equation T = 2π is dimensionally correct, where T is the time
1. g 1995
period of a simple pendulum of length ‘l ’ at the place where
acceleration due to gravity is ‘g’.

***Show that the following equations are dimensionally correct:

l
2. (i) T = 2π (ii) V = fλ 2001
g

****Prove that the following equations are dimensionally correct:

m
3. (i) Vf2 – Vi2 = 2aS (ii) T = 2π 2004
k

***Give the dimensions of the following quantities:

(i) Torque (ii) Angular Momentum (iii) Pressure (iv) K.E
4. 2012
(v) Angular velocity (vi) G.

****Show that the following formulae are dimensionally correct:

m 2013,2016
5. (a) V = fλ (b) T = 2π
k

𝟏 𝑭×𝒍
6. Show that the expression 𝒇 = 𝟐𝒍 √ 𝒎 is dimensionally correct and 2017
find the dimensions of kinetic energy

Chapter # 2
VECTORS

1. Using the definition of vector product, prove the law of sine for plane triangles of 1996
sides a, b and c
1999.2006,2011,
Determine the unit vector perpendicular to the plane of ⃗𝑨 ̂ and
⃗ = 𝟐𝒊̂– 𝟔𝒋̂– 𝟑𝒌 2014,2016,2017
̂
⃗⃗ = 𝟒𝒊̂ + 𝟑𝒋̂– 𝒌
𝑩

2. Two forces of magnitude 10N and 15N are acting at a point. The magnitude of their 1993,2004
resultant is 20N.find the angle between them.

3. If ⃗𝑨 ̂ , ⃗𝑩
⃗ = A1𝒊̂+ A2𝒋̂+ A3𝒌 ̂ then prove that:
⃗ =B1𝒊̂ + B2𝒋̂ + B3𝒌 1994
⃗⃗ . 𝑩
𝑨 ⃗⃗ = A1B1 + A2B2 + A3B3

4. **Given ⃗⃗⃗⃗ ̂ , ⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝒓𝟏 = 2𝒊̂ – 2𝒋̂ + 𝒌 𝒓𝟐 = 3𝒊̂ – 4𝒋̂ – 3𝒌 ̂ ,𝒓
⃗⃗⃗⃗𝟑 = 4𝒊̂ + 2𝒋̂ + 2𝒌 ̂ . Find the magnitude 1994
of the following vectors. i) ⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝒓𝟑 ii) ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝒓𝟏 + ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝒓𝟐 + ⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗𝟏 – 3𝒓
𝒓𝟑 iii) 2𝒓 ⃗⃗⃗⃗𝟐 – 5𝒓
⃗⃗⃗⃗𝟑

5. If 𝑨 ̂ and 𝑩
⃗⃗ = 𝒊̂ + 𝒋̂ + 𝒌 ̂ , find a unit vector parallel to 𝑨
⃗⃗ = 2𝒊̂ - 𝒋̂ + 3𝒌 ⃗⃗ – 2𝑩
⃗⃗ 1995

6. If two vectors ⃗𝑨 ⃗ such that 𝑨

⃗ and ⃗𝑩 ⃗⃗ = 3, 𝑩⃗⃗ = 2 and 𝑨 ⃗ = 4 then evaluate
⃗⃗ - ⃗𝑩 1995
i) ⃗𝑨
⃗ . ⃗𝑩
⃗ ii) 𝑨 ⃗
⃗⃗ + ⃗𝑩

7. Find the value of p for which the following vectors are perpendicular to each other 1996,2009,2018
⃗𝑨 ̂ , ⃗𝑩
⃗ = 𝒊̂ + p𝒋̂ + 3𝒌 ̂
⃗ = 3𝒊̂ + 3𝒋̂ – 4𝒌
Page 1 of 12
 XI Physics Numericals (1995 to 2018)
compiled by Sir Waqar Hussain
8. Two vectors have magnitude 4 and 5 units. The angle between them is 30°. Taking 1997
the first vector along x-axis, calculate the magnitude and direction of the resultant.

9. Prove that 𝑨 ⃗ + 𝑨
⃗⃗ × ⃗𝑩 ⃗ = A2B2
⃗⃗ . ⃗𝑩 1998,2013,2014

10 If one of the rectangular components of a force of 100N is 50N , find the other 1998
component
11. If ⃗𝑨 ̂ , ⃗𝑩
⃗ = 3𝒊̂ + 𝒋̂ – 2𝒌 ̂ . Find 𝑨
⃗ = -𝒊̂ +3𝒋̂ + 4𝒌 ⃗  and angle between ⃗𝑨
⃗⃗ + ⃗𝑩 ⃗ and ⃗𝑩
⃗ . 2000

12. An object moves along a straight line from (3, 2,-6) to (14, 13, 9) when a uniform 2001,2015
̂ acts on it. Find the work done and the angle between force
force ⃗𝑭 = 4𝒊̂ + 𝒋̂ + 3𝒌
and displacement.

13. If ⃗𝑷 ̂ and ⃗𝑸
⃗ = 2𝒊̂ – 2𝒋̂ + 3𝒌 ⃗ = 3𝒊̂ + 3𝒋̂ +3𝒌̂ . Find a unit vector perpendicular to the 2002
plane containing both ⃗𝑷 ⃗ and𝑸⃗⃗ . If ⃗𝑷
⃗ and ⃗𝑸
⃗ form the sides of a parallelogram, find
the area of parallelogram.

14. Two forces of equal magnitude are acting at a point. Find the angle between the 2003
forces when the magnitude of resultant is also equal to the magnitude of either of
these forces.

15. Vectors 𝑨 ̂ and 𝑩

⃗⃗ = 3𝒊̂ + 2𝒋̂ + 𝒌 ̂ represent two adjacent sides of a
⃗⃗ = 𝒊̂ – 3𝒋̂ + 5𝒌 2003
parallelogram. Calculate the area of parallelogram.

16. Find the angle between 𝑨 ̂ and 𝑩

⃗⃗ = 2𝒊̂ + 2𝒋̂ - 𝒌 ̂.
⃗⃗ = 6𝒊̂ – 3𝒋̂ + 2𝒌 2005

17. ⃗⃗ . (𝑩
Show that 𝑨 ⃗⃗ + 𝑪
⃗ )=𝑨
⃗⃗ . 𝑩
⃗⃗ + 𝑨
⃗⃗ . 𝑪
⃗ 2007,2009

18. Two vectors 𝑨 ⃗⃗ are such that 𝑨

⃗⃗ and 𝑩 ⃗⃗ = 3, 𝑩
⃗⃗ = 4 and 𝑨
⃗⃗ . 𝑩
⃗⃗ = -5 find 2008
i) The angle between 𝑨 and 𝑩 ii) the angle between 𝑨 + 𝑩 and 𝑨
⃗
⃗ ⃗⃗ ⃗⃗ ⃗⃗ ⃗
⃗⃗ - ⃗𝑩

19. If one of the rectangular components of a force of 50N is 25N, find the value of the 2010
other.

20. ⃗⃗ are such that 𝑨

⃗⃗ and 𝑩
Two vectors 𝑨 ⃗⃗ = 4, 𝑩
⃗⃗ = 6 and 𝑨 ⃗⃗ = 5, find 𝑨
⃗⃗ - 𝑩 ⃗⃗ 
⃗⃗ + 𝑩 2012

21. ⃗𝑨 ̂ and ⃗𝑩
⃗ = 3𝒊̂ + 𝒋̂ - 2𝒌 ̂ . Find the projection of ⃗𝑨
⃗ = –𝒊̂ + 3𝒋̂ + 4𝒌 ⃗ onto ⃗𝑩
⃗ . 2013

22. Two sides of a triangle is formed by vectors ⃗𝑨 ̂ and ⃗𝑩

⃗ = 3𝒊̂ + 𝟔𝒋̂ - 2𝒌 ̂.
⃗ = 4𝒊̂ - 𝒋̂ + 3𝒌 2015
Determine the area of the triangle.

Chapter # 3
MOTION
**A 50 gm bullet is fired into a 10kg block that is suspended by a long cord so that it can
1. swing as a pendulum. If the block is displaced, so that its center of gravity rises by 10cm, 1997,1999.2011
what was the speed of the bullet? [281.4 m/s]

**Two bodies A and B are attached to the ends of a string which passes over a smooth
pulley, so that the two bodies hang vertically. If the mass of the body A is 4.8kg, find the
2. mass of body B which moves down with acceleration of 0.2m/s 2. The value of g can be 1998
taken as 9.8m/s2. [5kg]

Page 2 of 12
 XI Physics Numericals (1995 to 2018)
compiled by Sir Waqar Hussain
***The engine of a motor car moving up 45o slope with a speed of 63km/h stops working
3. suddenly. How far will the car move before coming to rest? (Assume the friction to be 2000
negligible). [ 22.1m ]

**Two bodies of masses 10.2kg and 4.5kg are attached to the two ends of string which
passes over a pulley in such a way that the body of mass 10.2kg lies on a smooth
4. 2001
horizontal surface and the other body hangs vertically. Find the acceleration of the
bodies, the tension in the string and the force which the surface exerts on the body of
mass 10.2kg. [ 3m/s2 , 30.6N , 99.96N]

**A machine gun fires 10 bullets per sec. into a target. Each bullet weighs 20gm and had
5. 2002
a speed of 1500m/s. Find the force to hold the gun. [ 300N]

***A 100gm bullet is fired from a 10kg gun with a speed of 1000 m/s. What is the speed
6. of recoil of gun? [ 10 m/s] 2003,2007,2015

***A ball is thrown straight up with 14.7m/s from the top of a 49m high tower. The ball
reaches its maximum height, and then falls straight on the ground. Find (i) how long the
7. ball rises (ii) how high it goes (iii) how long it remains in air (iv) velocity with which it hits 2008
the ground.[1.5s, 11.025m, 5s, 34.3m/s]

***A 400Kg helicopter is ascending at 2m/s2, find force acting on the helicopter in the
upward direction and also find the force if it is ascending with constant speed 4m/s.
8. 2010
[4720N , 3920N]

***A car is waiting at a traffic signal and when it turns green the car starts ahead with a
constant acceleration of 2m/s2. At the same time a bus travelling with a constant speed of
9. 10m/s overtakes and passes the car (a) How far beyond the starting point will the car 2013
overtake the bus? (b) How fast will the car be moving. [ 100m , 20m/s]

***A 12kg gun mounted on wheels shoots a 100gm projectile with a muzzle velocity of
1800m/s at an angle of 60° above the horizontal, find the horizontal recoil velocity of the
10. 1992
gun. [7.5m/s]

***A mini bus starts from the position of rest at a bus stop with a uniform acceleration.
During the 10th minute of its motion it covers a distance of 950 meters. Calculate its
11. 1994
acceleration and the total distance covered in 10 minutes. [5000m]

**A boy throws a ball vertically upward with a speed of 25m/s. On its way down, it is
caught at a point 5m above the ground. How fast was it coming down at this point? How
12. 1996,2007
long did the trip take? [31.9m, 4.89sec]

**A car starts from rest and moves with a constant acceleration. During the 5th second of
its motion it covers a distance of 36m; calculate i) acceleration of the car
13. 2003,2016
ii) the total distance covered by the car during this time. [8 m/s2, 100m]

***A 100gm golf ball moving with a velocity of 20m/s collides with an 8kg steel ball at
14. rest. If the collision is elastic, Find velocities of both balls after the collision. 2004,2006
[-19m/s, 0.49m/s]

***A stone is dropped from the peak of a hill. It covers a distance of 30 meters in the last
15. second of its motion. Find the height of the peak. [62.1m] 2013

**A car starts from rest and moves with a constant acceleration. During the 4th second of
2014
16. its motion it covers 24m. Calculate the and the total distance covered by the car during
this time.

Page 3 of 12
 XI Physics Numericals (1995 to 2018)
compiled by Sir Waqar Hussain
17 A stone is thrown vertically upwards. It takes 3sec to return the ground. How high it goes?
[11.02m] 1991

18. A brick of mass 2kg is dropped from a height of 5m above the ground. What is its
velocity at a height of 3 m above the ground? 2018

19. A balloon tied up with a wooden piece is moving upward with velocity of 15 m/s. at a height
of 300m above the ground the wooden piece is detached from the balloon. How much time 2018
will it take to reach the ground?
Chapter # 4
MOTION IN TWO DIMENSIONS

**What is the takeoff speed of a locust if its launch angle is 55o and its range is
1. 2005
0.8m.

**A diver leaps from a tower with an initial horizontal velocity component of 7m/s
2. and upward velocity component of 3m/s. Find the components of her position and 2012
velocity after one second

**Tarzan swings on a vine of length 4m in a vertical circle under the influence of

gravity. When the vine makes an angle θ=2𝟎𝒐 with the vertical, Tarzan has a speed
3. 2013,2016
5m/sec. Find (a) his centripetal acceleration at this instant (b) his tangential
acceleration, and (c) the resultant acceleration.

**A mortar shell is fired at a ground level target 490m away with an initial velocity
of 98m/s. Find the two possible values of the launch angle. Calculate the minimum
4. 1995,2008
time to hit the target.

***A string 1m long would break when its tension is 69.6N. Find the greatest speed
5. at which a ball of mass 2kg can be whirled with the string in a vertical circle. 1996

**An artillery cannon is pointed upward at an angle of 35° with respect to the
horizontal and fires a projectile with an initial velocity of 200m/sec. If the air
6. resistance is negligible find i) the maximum height reached by the projectile ii) the 1998,2006
range of the projectile.

**A bullet was fired horizontally with 20m/s from the top of a building 20m high.
When the bullet was 10m above the ground, it incidentally hits a bird. Find the time
7. 2000
taken to hit the bird and the velocity of bullet when it hits the bird.

**A ball of mass 0.2kg is tied to the end of a string and whirled in a horizontal
circle of radius 0.4m. If the ball makes 10 complete revolutions in 4 sec determine
8. 2001
the linear speed, centripetal acceleration, and centripetal force.

**A player throws a ball at an initial velocity of 36m/s. Calculate the maximum
distance reached by the ball assuming the ball is caught at the same height at which
9. it was released. If he wishes to throw the ball half the maximum distance in the 2002
shortest possible time, compute the angle of elevation.

**A machine gun is pointed upward at an angle of 30° with respect to the
horizontal and fires a projectile with a velocity 0f 200m/s; Calculate the range of
10. 2002
the projectile and the height of the projectile.

**Two possible angles to hit a target by a mortar shell fired with initial velocity of
11. 98m/s are 15° and 75°. Calculate the range of projectile and the maximum time 2004
required to hit the target.

Page 4 of 12
XI Physics Numericals (1995 to 2018)
compiled by Sir Waqar Hussain
**Calculate the centripetal acceleration and centripetal force on a man whose mass
is 80kg who is resting on the ground at the equator, given that the radius of the
12. 2006,2014
earth is 6.4 × 106m and the earth completes one rotation in a day.

**Calculate the centripetal acceleration acting on a man whose mass is 64kg when
13. he is resting on the ground at the equator (Radius of earth = 6.4 × 10 6m) 2007,2011

**A mortar shell is fired at a ground level target 800m away with an initial velocity
of 100m/s. Find the two possible values of the launch angle. Calculate the minimum
14. 2009
time to hit the target.

**At what suitable angle is the maximum height of the projectile 1/3 of its range?
15. 2012,2018
**A mortar shell is fired at a ground level target of 400m distance with an initial
16. velocity of 85m/s. Calculate the maximum time to hit the target. 2014

Book Example 4.7 (with mass 100kg)

17. 2015
18. A boy standing 12m from abuilding can just barely reach the roof 10m above him
when he throws a ball at the optimum angle with respect to the ground. Find the 2017
initial velocity components of the ball.

Chapter # 5
TORQUE, ANGULAR MOMENTUM AND EQUILIBRIUM

Chapter # 5 Q.8 [A uniform ladder of length ‘𝒍′ and weight𝑾 = 𝟓𝟎𝑵 rests
against a smooth vertical wall. If the coefficient of friction between the ladder
1. and the ground is 0.4 find the minimum angle𝜽𝒎𝒊𝒏 such that the ladder may not 2003,2010,2011,2016
slip.

**A particle of mass 0.3 kg moves in the x-y plane. At the instant the coordinates
are (2,4)m, its velocity is (𝟑𝒊̂ + 𝟒𝒋̂)𝒎/𝒔. At this instant determine the angular
momentum of the particle relative to the origin. m
2. 2012
⃗ =𝟐𝒊̂ + 𝟒𝒋̂
𝒓
0 𝑟𝑟⃗⃗
**A 12m ladder weighing 400N rests against a vertical wall at a point 10m above
the ground. The center of gravity of the ladder is one half the way up. A man
3. weighing 200N climbs three-fourth up the ladder. Assuming that the wall is 1992
smooth, find the reaction of the wall and the ground.

**A small metal sphere of 50gm is suspended by a light string. As it oscillates the
sphere is 1.75m from ground at its highest point and 0.75m at its lowest point;
4. 1993
find its maximum speed and maximum momentum.

**A uniform horizontal rod weighing 98N is pivoted at a vertical wall. Its far end
is supported by a string whose other end is tied to a point on the wall above the
pivot.
5. 2000
**A boy of mass 20kg stands at the center of the rod. Find only the vertical
component of the tension in the string and only the vertical component of the
reaction at the pivot. Length of the horizontal rod is 4.0 meters.

A particle of mass 400gm rotates in a circular orbit of radius 20cm with constant
angular speed of 1.5 revolutions per second; calculate the magnitude of angular
6. 2001
momentum of particle with respect to the center of the orbit.

Page 5 of 12
XI Physics Numericals (1995 to 2018)
compiled by Sir Waqar Hussain
A 15m ladder, weighing 350N rests against a smooth wall at a point 12m above
the ground. The center of gravity of the ladder is one-third the way up. A boy of
7. 470N climbs half way up the ladder. Calculate the reaction of the wall and the 2002,2009
ground.

**A ladder of length ‘L’ and weight 200N rests against a smooth vertical wall at
an angle of 50°. The center of gravity of the ladder is ‘0.4L’ from the base. How
8. large a force of friction must exists at the base of the ladder if it is not to slip? 2003
What is the necessary coefficient of static friction?

**A wooden ball of mass 100gm is suspended by a thread. The horizontal

current of air blows it to one side such that the thread makes an angle of 30°
9. 2005
with the vertical; find the tension in the thread and the force of air current.

**A particle of mass 500gm rotates in a circular orbit of radius 25cm at a

10. constant rate of 1.5 revolutions per second. Find the angular momentum with 2014
respect to the center of the orbit.

Chapter # 6
GRAVITATION

Chapter # 6 Q6.3 The mass of the planet Jupiter is 1.91027kg and that of the sun
2.01030kg. If the average distance between them is 7.81011m, find the gravitational
1. 2002,2003
force of the sun on the Jupiter.

Chapter # 6 Q4***The radius of the moon is 27% of the earth’s radius and its mass
is 1.2% of the earth’s mass. Find the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of
2. 1997,2002,2014,2016
moon. How much will a 424N body weighs there? [𝑔𝑀 = 0.164𝑔𝐸 ]

Chapter # 6 Q.6
***At what distance from the center of earth does the gravitational acceleration
3. 𝑹 2003,2005
have one-half the value that it has on the earth’s surface? [rh = √𝟐 RE] [ rd = 𝑬]
𝟐

***At what distance from the center of the earth does the gravitational acceleration
4. have one-third the value that it has on the earth’s surface? 1993,2015

-*****A man weighing 60kg is standing on the floor of an elevator. Calculate the
force exerted by the man on the elevator when it i) is at rest ii) descends at a
5. constant speed of 4m/s iii) moves up (ascending) with an acceleration of 2m/s2 iv) 1991,2018
moves down with an acceleration of 2m/s2

***Find how deep from the surface of earth a point is where the acceleration due to
6. gravity is half and one third the value on the earth’s surface? [1/2 RE , 2/3 RE ] 1995

***If two chambers of a space craft are connected by a tunnel of 30m. Calculate the
7. spin frequency to produce the artificial gravity in space craft. 2004

***At what depth from the surface of the earth is the value of acceleration due to
8. gravity one-fourth the value at the earth’s surface? [ ¼ RE] 2004

***Suppose a new planet X is discovered which has a diameter 10 times bigger as

compared to that of earth and a mass equal to 300 times that of earth. Compute the
9. 2008
gravitational acceleration at the surface of the planet X.

How many times in a second a spaceship of diameter 30m needs to be rotated to

10. 2012
create the similar gravity as experienced on earth. [f =0.128hz]
Page 6 of 12
XI Physics Numericals (1995 to 2018)
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1
The mass of moon is approximately one eightieth ( ) of the mass of the earth and
80
11. 2013
its radius is approximately one-fourth ( 1 ) that of earth. Determine the acceleration
4
due to gravity at the surface of the moon. [[𝒈𝑴 = 0.164𝒈𝑬]]

12. The ratio of acceleration due to gravity inside a deep mine to that on the surface of 2017
earth is 0.99. Find the depth of mine, assuming that the density of the earth is uniform.
Take the radius of earth as 6.38x106m.

13. What will be the effect on acceleration due to gravity and universal constant of
gravitation if mass of the earth becomes 4 times and its radius remains the same 2018

Chapter # 7
WORK, POWER AND ENERGY

Chapter # 7 Q.1 Calculate the work done by a force F specified by:

⃗ = 𝟑𝒊̂ + 𝟒𝒋̂ + 𝟓𝒌̂ is displacing a body from position B to position A along a
𝑭
1. straight path. The positions vectors A and B are respectively given as 1994,1999
𝒓 ̂𝒓
⃗ 𝑨 = 𝟐𝒊̂ + 𝟓𝒋̂ − 𝟐𝒌 ̂
⃗ 𝑩 =7𝒊̂ + 𝟑𝒋̂ − 𝟓𝒌 [ 8J]

***Chapter # 7 Q.5 A pump is needed to lift water through a height of 2.5m at

the rate of 500gm/min. What must the minimum horse power of the pump be?
2. 2010,2011,2014,2016
[ 0.20 w]

***A ball of mass 100gm is thrown up in air vertically and reaches a height of
9.8m; calculate the velocity with which it is thrown and its initial kinetic energy
3. 2002
(neglect air friction and take g=10m/s2)

**A car weight 9800N is moving at 25m/s. if the frictional force acting on it is
4. 2000N how fast is the car moving when it has travelled 60m? 2007

***A horse pulls a cart horizontally with a force of 40N at an angle of 25° above
the horizontal and move along at a speed of 15m/s. How much work will the
5. horse do in 5 minutes? What is the power output of the horse? Give your Ans in 2013
horsepower.

***An 80 kg man runs up hill through a height of 3m in 2sec. what is his average
6. power output. 2015

7 *****A 98 N object is dropped from a height of 10m. if it hits the ground with 12m/s. 2012
how large the frictional force. [26 N]

8 What horsepower is used when an engine is pulling a train with a force of 200N at 96km/h 2011F
H.W Example 7.2 page #

9 A horse pulls a cart horizontally with a force of 60lb at an angle of 30° above the
horizontal and move along at a speed of 8 miles per hour. How much work will the 2017
horse do in 15 minutes. What is the power output of the horse?
(1 hp =550ft-lb/s), (1 mile = 5280 ft)

10. A crane lifts a load of 6000N through a vertical distance of 15m in 30 sec. what is 2018
the potential energy at the highest point of this operation?

Page 7 of 12
XI Physics Numericals (1995 to 2018)
compiled by Sir Waqar Hussain
Chapter # 8
WAVE MOTION AND SOUND

Chapter # 8 Q.2A body hanging from a spring is set into motion and the period of
oscillation is found to be 0.50 s. After the body has come to rest, it is removed. How
1. 2002,2013
much shorter will the spring be when it comes to rest?

**A simple pendulum completes 4 vibrations in 8 seconds on the surface of the

earth. Find its time period on the surface of the moon where the acceleration due to
2. 1993,2010
gravity is one-sixth that on earth.

***Calculate the length of second’s pendulum on the surface of moon where the
4. acceleration due to gravity is 0.167 times that on the earth’s surface. 1995

***A source of sound and a listener are moving towards each other with velocities
which are 0.5 times and 0.2 times the speed of sound respectively. If the source is
5. 1995,2003
emitting 2KHz tone. Calculate the frequency heard by the listener.

***When mass ‘m’ is hung on a vertical spring, it stretches through 6cm.

6. Determine its period of vibration if it is pulled down a little and released. 1996

----A guitar string has a linear density of 7.16 g/m and is under tension of 152N.
The fixed supports of the string are 89.4cm apart. If it vibrates in three segments;
7. 1996
calculate the speed, the wavelength, and the frequency of the standing wave.

---Calculate the length of second’s pendulum at a place where g = 10m/s2.

8. 1997
---Calculate the speed of sound in air at S.T.P. What will be the speed of sound at
9. 37°C? (Given density of air = 1.29kg/m 3, for air ϒ = 1.42, 1 atm = 1.01 × 105N/m2) 1997,2002

----A body of 0.5kg attached to a spring is displaced from its equilibrium position
and is released. If the spring constant ‘K’ is 50 N/m; find the i) time period ii) the
10. 1998,2018
frequency.

----A standing wave is established in 110m long string fixed at both ends. The string
vibrates in four segments when driven at 10Hz. Determine the wavelength and the
11. 1999
fundamental frequency.

---A car has been sounding a 4KHz tone. What frequency will be detected by a
stationary listener as the car approaches him at 50 km per hour? The speed of
12. 1998,1999,2016
sound = 1200 km per hour.

----Find the speed of sound in air at 0°C. Given ϒ = 1.4 for air, molecular mass of
13. air M = 0.0288 kg/m, R = 8.314 J/mol-K. 2000

Find the length of second’s pendulum on planet Jupiter where value of ‘g’ is 2.63
14. times the value of ‘g’ on the surface of earth. 2000,2006

The frequency of a string is 125 Hertz when it is vibrating in 5 segments (nodes at

both ends). Calculate the frequency when the string vibrates in three and four
15. 2001
segments. What is the speed of the wave in it if the length of the string is 0.80m?

---An ambulance has a siren producing sound waves of frequency 2000Hz and
moving towards a listener standing on a bus stop. If the frequency heard by the
16. listener is 2150Hz; find the speed of the ambulance (Speed of sound in air is 2001,2009
340m/s)

Page 8 of 12
XI Physics Numericals (1995 to 2018)
compiled by Sir Waqar Hussain
----Compute the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the moon where a
17. simple pendulum 1.5m long makes 100 vibrations in 605 seconds. 2002

A string 2m long and of mass 0.004kg is stretched horizontally by passing one end
over a pulley and attaching a 1kg mass to it vertically; find the speed of the 2002,2003,2010,
18.
transverse waves on the string and the frequency of the second and fifth harmonic 2014,2016
to which the string will resonate.

19. ---A mass at the end of a spring oscillates with simple harmonic motion with a 2003
period of 0.40sec. Find the acceleration when the displacement is 4.0cm.

---Two cars are moving straight to each other from opposite directions with same
20. speed. The horn of one is blowing with the frequency of 3000Hz and is heard by the 2003
people in the other car with the frequency of 3400Hz; find the speed of the cars if
the speed of the sound in air is 340m/s.

--The period of vibration of a body of mass 25gm attached to a spring, vibrating on

a smooth horizontal surface, when it is displaced 10cm to the right of its extreme
21. 2004
position, the period of vibration is 1.57sec and the velocity at the end of this
displacement is 0.4m/s. Determine the i) Spring constant ii) Total energy iii)
Amplitude.

---A standing wave is established in a 2.4m long string fixed at both ends. The string
22. 2004,2018
vibrates in four segments when driven at 200Hz. Determine i) the wavelength ii)
the fundamental frequency

---A car has its siren sounding 2KHz tone. If the frequency heard by the listener is
23. 2005,2007
2143Hz, find the speed with which it approaches stationary listener (The speed of
sound in air is 332m/s)

24. ----In a sonometer a wire of length 1m when plucked at center vibrates with a 2005,2009
frequency 250Hz, calculate the wavelength and the speed of the waves in the wire.

25. ---Determine speed of sound in Helium at 37°C. (Molecular mass is 0.004kg/mole, ϒ 2006
=1.63, R =8.31J/mol-K)

**The time period of a pendulum is 2 seconds at the surface of the earth; calculate
26. 2007,2009
its time period on the surface of the moon where the value of acceleration due to
gravity is one-sixth that of the value of g at the surface of the earth.

**A note of frequency 650Hz is emitted from an ambulance what frequency will be
27. 2008
detected by a listener if the ambulance moves (i) at the speed of 18m/s towards the
listener (ii) at the aped of 15m/s away from the listener. (Speed of sound = 340m/s)

**A body of mass 32gm attached to an elastic spring is performing S.H.M.Its

28. 2008
velocity is 0.4m/s when the displacement is 8cm towards right. If the spring
constant is 0.4Nm-1; calculate i) total energy ii) the amplitude of its motion

**A note of frequency of 500Hz is being emitted by an ambulance moving towards

29. 2011
a listener at rest. If the listener detects a frequency of 520Hz; calculate speed of the
ambulance (Speed of sound is 340m/s at this moment)

**A string 1m long and of mass 0.004kg is stretched with a force. Calculate the
30. force if the speed of the wave in the string is 140m/s. 2012

Page 9 of 12
XI Physics Numericals (1995 to 2018)
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**A sound wave of frequency 500Hz in air enters from a region of temperature
31. 25°C to a region of temperature 5°C. Calculate the percent fractional change in 2013
wavelength.

**A car emitted a note of frequency of 490Hz. If the car approaching towards
32. 2015
stationary listener at speed of 55km/h .what frequency will be detected by the
listener? The speed of sound is 334m/s.

**A body is hanging from spring is set into motion and period of oscillation is
33. found to be 0.5 sec. after the body has come to rest it is removed. How much 2015
shorter will the spring be when it comes to rest.

34. A 100 cm long string vibrates in 4 loops at 50 Hz. The linear density of the string 2017
is 4 X 10-4gram/cm. Calculates the tension in the string.

Chapter # 9 NATURE OF LIGHT

Chapter # 9 Q.1 How many fringes will pass a reference point if the moveable
1. mirror of Michelson’s interferometer is moved by 0.08mm? The wave length of 1998
light used is 5800Å. [275]

Chapter # 9 Q.4 Green light of wavelength 5400Å is diffracted by grating having

2000 lines per cm.
2. 2005,2010,2014
(a) Compute the angular deviation of third order image.
(b) Is a tenth order image possible? [ 𝜽3 =19.9o, 𝜽10 =not possible]

Chapter # 9 Q.9 A parallel beam of x-ray is diffracted by rock salt crystal, the
first order maximum being observed when the glancing angle of incidence is 𝟔𝟎 𝟓/.

3. The distance between the atomic planes of the crystal is 2.81×1𝟎−𝟏𝟎 𝒎 Calculate the
wavelength of radiation [0.5952x 10 -10 m] 2009,2015

If the radius of the 10th ring is 0.5mm when the light of wavelength 6.00 × 10 -7m is
4. 1994
used. What is the radius of curvature of the lens used? [ 4.39 cm]

Interference fringes were produced by two slits on a screen 0.8m when the light of
5. 1995
wavelength 5.8 × 10-7m was used. If the separation between the 1st and the 5th bright
fringe is 2.5mm; calculate the separation of the two slits? [0.742 x 10-3 m].

Red light falls normally on a diffraction grating ruled 400 lines per/cm and the
6. 1996
second order image is formed at an angle of 34° from the normal. Compute the
wavelength of the red light in angstrom? [6899 Ao]

7. If the radius of the 14th bright Newton’s ring is 1mm and the radius of curvature of 1997
the lens is 125mm; Find wavelength of the light. [5878.9 x10 -10m]

If the radius of the 14th Newton’s ring is 1.0 mm when the light of wavelength 5.89
8. 1999
× 10-7m is used. What is the radius of curvature of the lower surface of the lens
used and thickness of film? [R= 0.125 m, t = r2/ 2R= 0.004 mm]

Interference fringes were produced by light coming from two slits 0.3mm apart. If
9. 2000
5 fringes occupy 1.75mm on a screen at 200mm from the slits; find the wavelength
of the light used. [ 5406 Ao]
2001

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XI Physics Numericals (1995 to 2018)
compiled by Sir Waqar Hussain
10. Find the wavelength of a monochromatic light used if 14th bright Newton’s ring has
radius of 1mm when a Plano-Convex lens of curvature 126mm? [5.878 x10 -7m]

271 fringes pass a reference point when the moveable mirror of the Michelson
11. 2002
Interferometer is moved by 0.08mm. Find the wavelength of the light used in
angstrom? [5900Ao]

How much the moveable mirror of the Michelson Interferometer should be moved
12. 2002
to observe 400 fringes with reference to a point? The wavelength of the light used is
5890°A. [1.178 x 10 -4m]

In a double slit experiment the separation of the slits is 1.8mm and the fringe
13. 2002,2016
spacing is 0.30mm at 1200mm from the screen. Find the wavelength of the light
used. [450 x 10 -9m]

If the diameter of the 10th bright Newton’s ring is 0.005m when the light of
14. 2003
wavelength 5890°A is used. What is the radius of curvature of the Plano-convex
lens & thickness of the air film corresponding to the ring? [R=1.11m, t= 2.815 𝝁m]

When a light of wavelength 6000°A falls on a diffraction grating, it produces a

15. 2003
second order spectrum at an angle of 30° from the normal. Find i) The grating
element ii) The number of lines per millimeter ruled on it. [ 2.4 x 10-6 m, 416 /mm]

16. X-rays of wavelength 1.54°A are diffracted by a crystal whose planes are 2.81°A 2004
apart. Find the glancing angle for the first order. [15.9o]

If a diffraction grating produces a first order spectrum of light of wavelength 6 ×

17. 2007,2011,2017
10-7m at an angle of 20° from the normal. Calculate the number of lines per mm.
[571 line /mm]

Interference fringes were produced by two slits 0.25mm apart on a screen at

18. 2008
150mm from the slits. If ten fringes occupy 30275mm; what is the wavelength of
the light producing fringes? [5.045 X 10-3 m]

19. If the radius of the 14th bright Newton’s ring is 1mm and the radius of curvature of 2010
the lens is 125mm; calculate the wavelength of the light. [5.925 x 10-7 m]

In a double slit experiment eight fringed occupy 2.62mm on the screen 145mm
20. 2012
away from the slits. The wavelength of the light is 545nm. Determine the slit
separation and no. of line per mm? [ 2.412 x 10-4 m, N = 4lines /mm]

Chapter # 10
GEOMETRICAL OPTICS

1. Chapter # 10 Q.8 Find the distances at which an object should be placed in 1997
front of a convex lens of focal length 10cm to obtain an image of double the size?

Chapter # 10 Q.12 A compound microscope has an objective with a focal length

2. 2006
of 10mm and a tube 100mm long. An image is produced 250mm from the eye-piece
when the object is 12mm from the objective. What is the angular magnification?

Chapter # 10 Q.3 Two converging lenses of focal lengths 40cm and 50cm are
3. placed in contact. What is the focal length of this lens combination? What is the 2011
power of the combination in diopters?

Page 11 of 12
XI Physics Numericals (1995 to 2018)
compiled by Sir Waqar Hussain
The magnifying power of a magnifying glass is 6. What is the power of the lens in
4. diopters? What is the best position of the object if a watch maker holds the same 1993,2001,2010
magnifying glass close to his eye to see the damaged spring of a watch?

The length of a compound microscope is 30cm. The focal length of the objective is
5. 1994
0.25cm and that of the eye-piece is 10cm. Calculate the magnifying power, if the
final image is formed at a distance of 250mm from the eye-piece.

In a compound microscope, the focal lengths of the objective and eyepiece are
6. 0.8cm and 2.5cm, respectively. The real image formed by the objective is 16cm 1996
from it. Find the magnifying power if the eye is held closed to the eye-piece and the
image is formed at 25cm from the eye-piece.

A telescope has the objective and the eye-piece lenses of powers 2.0 and 20.0
7. 2002,2009
diopters, respectively. What is the magnifying power and the length of the telescope
if it is focused for infinity?

A compound microscope has an objective and an eyepiece of focal length 1cm and
8. 5cm, respectively. The object is located at a distance of 1.05cm from the objective 2003
and forms an image 4.17cm closed to the eye-piece. Find the separation of the lenses
and the magnifying power of the microscope.

9. A magnifying glass of what power should be used to obtain an image of 2004,2006

magnification 6.

The convex lenses of powers 7 diopters and 10 diopters are used as an objective and
10. 2005
an eyepiece of a telescope; find the magnifying power and the length of the
telescope when focused for infinity.

11. If the magnification of a telescope is 11 and its length is 120cm, determine the focal 2007
lengths of its objective and eyepiece when the telescope is focused for infinity.

A compound microscope has an objective with a focal length of 10mm and a tube
12. 2008
232mm long. An image is produced 250mm from the eye-piece when the object is
10.5mm from the objective. What is the angular magnification?

13. An astronomical telescope has a length of 105cm, and its magnification is 6. 2012,2018
Determine the power of objective and eye-piece.

A magnifying glass of focal length 6cm is used to see a small specimen. The least
14. 2013
distance of distinct vision of the observer is 25cm. What is the magnifying power of
the lens?

A watch maker uses a magnifying glass of focal length 5cm to see the damaged
15. 2014
spring of a watch. If he holds the glass close to his eye what is the best position of
the object? Find linear magnification?

16. A converging lens of 4 diopter is placed in contact with a diverging lens of 2016
-2 diopters. Find the power and the focal length of combination.
2017
17. A lens 2cm focal length is to be used as magnifying glass. How far
from the lens should the object be placed. What is the magnifying power?

18. A microscope has an objective of 12mm focal length. What is the distance
2018
between the lenses? What is the magnifying power if the object is in sharp
focus when it is 15mm from the objective?

Page 12 of 12