Energy exchange and thermoregulation
1. The processes of heat transfer in a naked person at room temperature have been studied. It
was revealed that under these conditions the greatest amount of heat is transferred by:
A. Heat radiation
B. Heat conduction
C. Convection
D. Evaporation
E. –
2. When measuring power inputs of a person by the method of indirect calorimetry the
following results were obtained: oxygen consumption is 1000 ml and carbon dioxide production
is 800 ml per minute. The person under examination has the following respiratory coefficient:
A. 0,8
B. 1,25
C. 0,9
D. 0,84
E. 1,0
1. During regular check-up a child is detected with interrupted mineralization of the bones.
What vitamin deficiency can be the cause?
A. Calciferol
B. Riboflavin
C. Tocopherol
D. Folic acid
E. Cobalamin
2. A 6-year-old child suffers from delayed growth, disrupted ossification processes,
decalcification of the teeth. What can be the cause?
A. Vitamin D deficiency
B. Decreased glucagon production
C. Insulin deficiency
D. Hyperthyroidism
Vitamin C deficiency
1. The temperature in a production room is 36oC. Relative air humidity is 80%. Under these
conditions the human body transfers heat mainly through:
A. Sweat evaporation
B. Heat conduction
C. Radiation
D. Convection
E. -
67. Thermometry revealed that the temperature of the exposed skin is by 11,5° lower than the
temperature of the adjacent areas covered with clothing from natural fabrics. The reason for this
is that the clothes reduce the heat loss through:
A. Convection
B. Radiation
C. Conduction
D. Evaporation
E. -
68. At the end of the working day a worker of a hot work shop has been delivered to a
hospital. The patient complains of a headache, dizziness, nausea, general weakness. Objectively:
the patient is conscious, his skin is hyperemic, dry, hot to the touch. Heart rate is of 130/min.
Respiration is rapid, superficial. What disorder of thermoregulation is most likely to have
occurred in this patient?
A. Reduced heat transfer
B. Increased heat transfer and reduced heat production
C. Increased heat transfer and heat production
D. Increased heat production with no changes to the heat transfer
1. In hot weather ventilators are often used to normalize the microclimate in the heated
rooms. It leads to intensified heat transfer from the human body by means of:
A. Convection
B. Conduction and convection
C. Conduction
D. Radiation
E. Evaporation
2. A person is in a room with air temperature of 38°U and relative air humidity of
50%. What type of heat transfer ensures maintenance of constant body core temperature
under these conditions?
A. Evaporation
B. Radiation
C. Conduction and convection
D. Convection
E. -
3. During regular check-up a child is determined to have interrupted mineralization of the
bones. What vitamin deficiency can be the cause?
A. Calciferol
B. Riboflavin
C. Tocopherol
D. Folic acid
E. Cobalamin
1. Examination of a child who hasn’t got fresh fruit and vegetables during winter revealed
numerous subcutaneous hemorrhages, gingivitis, carious cavities in teeth. What vitamin
combination should be prescribed in this case?
A. Ascorbic acid and rutin
B. Thiamine and pyridoxine
C. Folic acid and cobalamin
D. Riboflavin and nicotinamide
E. Calciferol and ascorbic acid
87. Power inputs of a man were measured. In what state was this man if his power inputs
were lower than basal metabolism?
A. Sleep
B. Relaxation
C. Simple work
D. Nervous tension
E. Rest
88. A man is being measured power inputs on an empty stomach, in the lying position,
under conditions of physical and psychic rest at a comfortable temperature. Power inputs will
reach the maximum at:
A. 5-6 p.m.
B. 7-8 a.m.
C. 10-12 a.m.
D. 2-3 p.m.
E. 3-4 a.m.
89. When measuring power inputs of a man by the method of indirect calorimetry the
following results were obtained: 1000 ml oxygen consumption and 800 ml carbon dioxide
liberation per minute. The man under examination has the following respiratory coefficient:
90. A 10-year-old girl has a history of repeated acute respiratory viral infection. After
recovering she presents with multiple petechial hemorrhages on the sites of friction from
clothing rubbing the skin. What kind of hypovitaminosis has this girl?
A. C
B. B6
C. B1
D. A
E. B2
1. After transfusion of 200 ml of blood a patient presented with body temperature rise up to
37,9oC. Which of the following substances is the most likely cause of temperature rise?
A. Interleukin-1
B. Interleukin-2
C. Tumour necrosis factor
D. Interleukin-3
E. Interleukin-4
2. Which way of heat emission by the bodies of greenhouse workers is the most effective at
the temperature of 36°C degrees and relative humidity of 70%?
A. Liquid evaporation
B. Thermal conduction
C. Heat radiation
D. Convection
E. -
3. A man is being measured power inputs on an empty stomach, in the lying position, under
conditions of physical and psychic rest at a comfortable temperature. Power inputs will reach
the maximum at:
A. 5-6 p.m.
B. 7-8 a.m.
C. 10-12 a.m.
D. 2-3 p.m.
E. 3-4 a.m.
4. When measuring power inputs of a man by the method of indirect calorimetry the
following results were obtained: 1000 ml oxygen consumption and 800 ml carbon dioxide
liberation per minute. The man under examination has the following respiratory coefficient:
A. 0,8
B. 1,25
C. 0,9
D. 0,84
E. 1,0
1. The temperature of the ambient environment is 38° C and relative air humidity is 50%.
What ways of heat emission provide maintaining a constant temperature of the human body?
A. Evaporation
B. Radiation
C. Heat conduction
D. Convection
E. Convection and conduction
68. Cooling of the human body in water is much more faster than in the air. What way of heat
emission in water is much more effective?
A. Heat conduction
B. Convection
C. Heat radiation
D. Sweat evaporation
E. -
69. While determining power inputs of a patient’s organism it was established that the
respiratory coefficient equaled 1,0. This means that in the cells of the patient the following
substances are mainly oxidized:
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Fats
D. Proteins and carbohydrates
E. Carbohydrates and fats
1. A human body cools in water much faster that in the air. What way of heat emission in
water is much more efficient?
A. Heat conduction
B. Convection
C. Heat radiation
D. Sweat evaporation
E. -
2. Power inputs of a man were measured. In what state was this man if his power inputs
were lower than basal metabolism?
A. Sleep
B. Relaxation
C. Simple work
D. Nervous tension
E. Rest
119. Workers of a hothouse farm work under conditions of unfavourable microclimate: air
temperature is +37oC, relative humidity is 90%, air speed is 0,2 m/s. The way of heat emission
under these conditions will be:
A. Evaporation
B. Heat conduction
C. Convection
D. Radiation
E. All the ways
1. A lightly dressed man is standing in a room, air temperature is +14 0C, windows and doors
are closed. In what way does he emit heat the most actively?
A. Heat radiation
B. Heat conduction
C. Convection
D. Evaporation
E. Perspiration
11. A patient who has been strictly keeping to a certain diet for 10 days went through
examination of respiratory coefficient. It was determined that it was equal 1. What have the
patient been keeping to?
A. With domination of carbohydrates
B. With domination of proteins and fat
C. With domination of fat and carbohydrates
D. Mixed
E. With domination of proteins and carbohydrates
12. The energy inputs of a healthy man have been measured. In what state was the patient if
his energy inputs were less than the main exchange?
A. Sleep
B. Rest
C. Easy work
D. Nervous exertion
E. Calmness
