Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (abbreviated BSNL) is a state-owned

telecommunications company headquartered in New Delhi, India. BSNL is one of the

largest Indian cellular service providers, with over 87.1 million subscribers as of April
2011, and the largest land line telephone provider in India. However, in recent years the
company's revenue and market share plunged into heavy losses due to intense
competition in Indian telecommunications sector

BSNL is India's oldest and largest communication service provider (CSP). It had a
customer base of 90 million as of June 2008. It has footprints throughout India except
for the metropolitan cities of Mumbai and New Delhi, which are managed by Mahanagar
Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL). As of June 30, 2010, BSNL had a customer base of
27.45 million wire line and 72.69 million wireless subscribers.

Services
BSNL provides almost every telecom service in India. Following are the main telecom
services provided by BSNL:

 Universal Telecom Services: Fixed wire line services & landline in Local loop
(WLL) using CDMA Technology called bfone and Tarang respectively. As of June
30, 2010, BSNL has 75% market share of fixed lines.


BSNL Mobile

Prepaid Mobile

 Cellular Mobile Telephone Services: BSNL is major provider of Cellular Mobile

Telephone services using GSM platform under the brand name Cellone & Excel
(BSNL Mobile). As of June 30, 2010 BSNL has 13.50% share of mobile
telephony in the country
 WLL-CDMA Telephone Services: BSNL's WLL (Wireless in Local Loop) service
is a service giving both fixed line telephony & Mobile telephony.
BSNL Broadband

 Internet: BSNL provides internet services through dial-up connection (Sancharnet)

as Prepaid, (NetOne) as Postpaid and ADSL broadband (BSNL Broadband). BSNL
holds 55.76% of the market share with reported subscriber base of 9.19 million
Internet subscribers with 7.79% of growth at the end of Mar-10. [citation needed] Top 12
Dial-up Service providers, based on the subscriber base, It Also Provides
OnlineGames Via Its Games on Demand(GOD)

 Intelligent Network (IN): BSNL provides IN services offers value-added services,

such as Free Phone Service (FPH), India Telephone Card (Prepaid card), Account
Card Calling (ACC), Virtual Private Network (VPN), Tele-voting, Premium Rae
Service (PRM), Universal Access Number (UAN) and more.

 3G:BSNL offers the '3G' or the'3rd Generation' services which includes facilities like
video calling, live TV, 3G Video portal, streaming services like online full length
movies and video on demand etc.

 IPTV:BSNL also offers the 'Internet Protocol Television' facility which enables us [who?]
to watch television through internet.

 FTTH:Fibre To The Home facility that offers a higher bandwidth for data transfer.
This idea was proposed on post-December 2009.

 Helpdesk: BSNL's Helpdesk (Helpdesk) provide help desk support to their

customers for their services.

Administrative units
BSNL is divided into a number of administrative units termed as telecom circles, metro districts,
project circles and specialized units, as mentioned below:

Telecom Circles in India

 Andaman & Nicobar Telecom Circle

 Dobaspet
 Tamilnadu Telecom Circle
 Jharkhand Telecom Circle
 Bihar Telecom Circle
 Andhra Pradesh Telecom Circle
 Assam Telecom Circle
  Chhattisgarh Telecom Circle
 Gujarat Telecom Circle
 Haryana Telecom Circle
 Himachal Pradesh Telecom Circle
 Jammu & Kashmir Telecom Circle
 Jharkhand Telecom Circle
 Karnataka Telecom Circle
 Kerala Telecom Circle
 Madhya Pradesh Telecom Circle
 Maharashtra Telecom Circle
 North East-I Telecom Circle
 North East-II Telecom Circle
 Orissa Telecom Circle
 Punjab Telecom Circle
 Rajasthan Telecom Circle
 Uttranchal Telecom Circle
 Uttar Pradesh East Telecom Circle
 Uttar Pradesh West Telecome Circle

===Metro Districts===

 Kolkata
 Chennai

Project Circles

 Eastern Telecom Project Circle

 Western Telecom Project Circle
 Northern Telecom Project Circle
 Southern Telecom Project Circle
 IT Project Circle, Pune

Maintenance Regions

 Eastern Telecom Maintenance Region

 Western Telecom Maintenance Region
 Northern Telecom Maintenance Region
 Southern Telecom Maintenance Region

Production Units

 Telecom Factory, Mumbai

 Telecom Factory, Jabalpur
 Telecom Factory, Richhai
  Telecom Factory, Kolkata

Present and future

BSNL then known as Department of Telecom had been a near monopoly during the
socialist period of the Indian economy. During this period, BSNL was the only telecom
service provider in the country MTNL was present only in Mumbai and New Delhi). During
this period BSNL operated as a typical state-run organization, inefficient, slow, bureaucratic,
and heavily unionised. As a result subscribers had to wait for as long as five years to get a
telephone connection. The corporation tasted competition for the first time after the
liberalisation of Indian economy in 1991. Faced with stiff competition from the private
telecom service providers, BSNL has subsequently tried to increase efficiencies itself. DoT
veterans, however, put the onus for the sorry state of affairs on the Government policies,
where in all state-owned service providers were required to function as mediums for
achieving egalitarian growth across all segments of the society. The corporation (then DoT),
however, failed miserably to achieve this and India languished among the most poorly
connected countries in the world. BSNL was born in 2000 after the corporatisation of DoT.
The efficiency of the company has since improved little a bit. However, the performance
level is nowhere near the private players. .The corporation remains heavily unionised and is
comparatively slow in decision making and its implementation, which largely acts at the
instances of unions without bothering about outcome. Management has been reactive to the
schemes of private telecom players. Though it offers services at lowest tariffs, the private
players continue to notch up better numbers in all areas, years after year. BSNL has been
providing connections in both urban and rural areas. Pre-activated Mobile connections are
available at many places across India. BSNL has also unveiled cost-effective broadband
internet access plans (DataOne) targeted at homes and small businesses. At present BSNL
enjoy's around 60% of market share of ISP services.

Year of Broadband 2011

2007 has been declared as "Year of Broadband" in India and BSNL is in the process of
providing 5 million Broadband connectivity by the end of 2007. BSNL has upgraded existing
Dataone (Broadband) connections for a speed of up to 2 Mbit/s without any extra cost. This
2 Mbit/s broadband service is being provided by BSNL at a cost of just US$ 11.7 per month
(as of 21 July 2008 and at a limit of 2.5GB monthly limit with 0200-0800 hrs as no charge
period). Further, BSNL is rolling out new broadband services such as triple play.
BSNL is planning to increase its customer base to 108 million customers by 2010. With the
frantic activity in the communication sector in India, the target appears achievable.
BSNL is a pioneer of rural telephony in India. BSNL has recently bagged 80% of US$ 580 m
(INR 2,500 crores) Rural Telephony project of Government of India. [

On the 20th of March, 2009, BSNL advertised the launch of BlackBerry services across its
Telecom circles in India. The corporation has also launched 3G services in select cities
across the country. Presently, BSNL and MTNL are the only players to provide 3G services,
as the Government of India has completed auction of 3G services for private players. BSNL
shall get 3G bandwidth at lowest bidder prices of Rs 18,500 crore, which includes Rs
10,186 crore for 3G and Rs 8313crore for BWA.[One crore is 10 million.]BSNL management
has paid this money under protest seeking refund.

BSNL also launched an Entertainment Portal called BSNL Hungama which provides
contents like music and music video to users for download. This functions as a fixed
monthly plan.

Challenges
During the financial year 2008-2009 (from April 1, 2008 to March 31, 2009) BSNL has
added 8.1 million new customers in various telephone services taking its customer base to
75.9 million. BSNL's nearest competitor Bharti Airtel is standing at a customer base of 62.3
million. However, despite impressive growth shown by BSNL in recent times, the Fixed line
customer base of BSNL is declining. In order to woo back its fixed-line customers BSNL has
brought down long distance calling rate under OneIndia plan, however, the success of the
scheme is not known. However, BSNL faces bleak fiscal 2009-2010 as users flee [10]

Presently there is an intense competition in Indian Telecom sector and various Telcos are
rolling out attractive schemes and are providing good customer services.

Access Deficit Charges (ADC, a levy being paid by the private operators to BSNL for
provide service in non-lucrative areas especially rural areas) has been slashed by 20% by
TRAI, w.e.f. April 1, 2009.[11] The reduction in ADC may hit the bottomlines of BSNL.

BSNL has started 3G services in 290 cities and acquired more than 6 Lakh customers. It
has planned to roll out 3G services in 760 cities across the country in 2010-11.

Broadband services : The shift in demand from voice to data has revolutionized the very
nature of the network. BSNL is poised to cash on this opportunity and has planned for
extensive expansion of the Broadband services. The Broadband customer base of 3.56
Million customer in March'2009 is planned to be increased to 16.00 million by March 2014.
[12]
Now bsnl is the under top five telecom service provider company in India. When
compared to other telecom companies the quality of employees are not satisfactory.
Customer oriented, management skills are also poor, the influence of unions in the
organization will also affect the future of bsnl

BSNL - MTNL Merger Plans

On February 23, 2011, The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) said it wanted to
revive a proposal for the merger of state-owned operators BSNL and MTNL. In its draft
plan, the department while showing concern over the deteriorating performance of BSNL
and MTNL said that BSNL and MTNL should be merged as they have complimentary
operations and can combine their strengths for synergies. DoT said the government should
set up a multi-stakeholder committee to develop a restructuring plan for both firms. The
committee should have members from public enterprises, the DoT, department of IT and
ministry of finance. However the BSNL's staff unions are opposing this merger tooth and
nail realising that MTNL is in dire state and need help of its big brother ,BSNL,to alleviate
itself from getting into red balance sheet.MTNL in spite of having its operations in two big
metro cities viz.New Delhi & Mumbai is realising cascading fall in revenue and profits for the
past 10 successive years.The telecommunication operators should focus on enterprise
business, services to government and the public sector, value-added services and
technologies like 3G, the department recommends.

3G
While it did not participate in the 3G auction, BSNL will have to pay the Indian government
Rs. 10,187 crores for spectrum in all 20 circles it operates in. State-owned MTNL provides
3G services in the other 2 circles - Delhi and Mumbai.[14] Both these state-owned operators
were given a head start by the government in the 3G space by allotting the required 3G
spectrum, on the condition that each will have to pay an amount which will be equivalent to
the highest bid in the respective service areas as and when the 3G auctions take place .

3G Coverage
BSNL has the largest 3G network in India. Additionally, BSNL 3G services usually cover not
only the main town/city but also the adjoining suburbs and rural areas as well.
The following is a list of BSNL 3G enabled towns/cities. This list covers only BSNL 3G
services provided through HSDPA for GSM subscribers and not EVDO for CDMA
subscribers.

BSNL - Company profile :

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. formed in October, 2000, is World's 7th largest
Telecommunications Company providing comprehensive range of telecom services in India:
Wireline, CDMA mobile, GSM Mobile, Internet, Broadband, Carrier service, MPLS-VPN,
VSAT, VoIP services, IN Services etc. Within a span of five years it has become one of the
largest public sector unit in India. BSNL has installed Quality Telecom Network in the
country and now focusing on improving it, expanding the network, introducing new telecom
services with ICT applications in villages and wining customer's confidence. Today, it has
about 47.3 million line basic telephone capacity, 4 million WLL capacity, 20.1 Million
GSM Capacity, more than 37382 fixed exchanges, 18000 BTS, 287 Satellite Stations,
480196 Rkm of OFC Cable, 63730 Rkm of Microwave Network connecting 602
Districts, 7330 cities/towns and 5.5 Lakhs villages.

BSNL is the only service provider, making focused efforts and planned initiatives to bridge
the Rural-Urban Digital Divide ICT sector. In fact there is no telecom operator in the country
to beat its reach with its wide network giving services in every nook & corner of country and
operates across India except Delhi & Mumbai. Whether it is inaccessible areas of Siachen
glacier and North-eastern region of the country. BSNL serves its customers with its wide
bouquet of telecom services.

BSNL is numero uno operator of India in all services in its license area. The company offers
vide ranging & most transparent tariff schemes designed to suite every customer. BSNL
cellular service, CellOne, has more than 17.8 million cellular customers, garnering 24
percent of all mobile users as its subscribers. That means that almost every fourth mobile
user in the country has a BSNL connection. In basic services, BSNL is miles ahead of its
rivals, with 35.1 million Basic Phone subscribers i.e. 85 per cent share of the subscriber
base and 92 percent share in revenue terms. BSNL has more than 2.5 million WLL
subscribers and 2.5 million Internet Customers who access Internet through various modes
viz. Dial-up, Leased Line, DIAS, Account Less Internet(CLI). BSNL has been adjudged as
the NUMBER ONE ISP in the country.
BSNL has set up a world class multi-gigabit, multi-protocol convergent IP infrastructure that
provides convergent services like voice, data and video through the same Backbone and
Broadband Access Network. At present there are 0.6 million DataOne broadband
customers. The company has vast experience in Planning, Installation, network integration
and Maintenance of Switching & Transmission Networks and also has a world class ISO
9000 certified Telecom Training Institute. Scaling new heights of success, the present
turnover of BSNL is more than Rs.351,820 million (US $ 8 billion) with net profit to the
tune of Rs.99,390 million (US $ 2.26 billion) for last financial year. The infrastructure
asset on telephone alone is worth about Rs.630,000 million (US $ 14.37 billion). BSNL
plans to expand its customer base from present 47 millions lines to 125 million lines by
December 2007 and infrastructure investment plan to the tune of Rs. 733 crores (US$ 16.67
million) in the next three years. The turnover, nationwide coverage, reach, comprehensive
range of telecom services and the desire to excel has made BSNL the No. 1 Telecom
Company of India.

Company H R Policy:-

 Company lay out

 Selection &Recruitment
 Motivation.
 Training.
 Wage & Salary.
 Performance appraisal
COMPANY LAY OUT
Main Services by BSNL

Basic Telephone Services

The Plain old, Countrywide telephone

Service through 32,000 electronic
exchanges. Digitalized Public Switched
Telephone Network (PSTN) with a host of
Phone Plus value additions.

Broad-Band

BSNL launched DataOne broadband service

in January 2005 which shall be extended to
198 cities very shortly. The service is being
provided on existing copper infrastructure
on ADSL2 technology. The minimum speed
offered to the customer is 256 Kbps at Rs.
250/- per month only. Subsequently, other
services such as VPN, Multicasting, Video
Conferencing, Video-on-Demand, Broadcast
application etc will be added.
Internet, ISDN & I-Net

Keeping the global network of Networks

networked, the countrywide Internet
Services of BSNL under the brand name
includes Internet dial up/ Leased line
access, CLI based access (no account is
required) and DIAS service, for web browsing
and E-mail applications. You can use your
dialup sancharnet account from any place in
India using the same access no '172233' ,
the facility which no other ISP has. BSNL
has customer base of more than 1.7 million
for sancharnet service.

ISDN

Integrated Service Digital Network Service of

BSNL utilizes a unique digital network
providing high speed and high quality voice,
data and image transfer over the same line.

Leased Lines & Datacom

BSNL provides leased lines for voice and

data communication for various application
on point to point basis. It offers a choice of
high, medium and low speed leased data
circuits as well as dial-up lines. Bandwidth
is available on demand in most cities.
Managed Leased Line Network (MLLN) offers
flexibility of providing circuits with speeds of
nx64 kbps upto 2mbps, useful for Internet
leased lines and International Principle
Leased Circuits (IPLCs).

Cellular Mobile Service

(Postpaid and Prepaid)

BSNL’s GSM cellular mobile service Cellone

has a customer base of over 5.2 million.
BSNL Mobile provides all the services like
MMS, GPRS, Voice Mail, E-mail, Short
Message Service (SMS) both national and
international, unified messaging service
(send and receive e-mails) etc. You can use
BSNL Mobile in over 160 countries
worldwide and in 270 cellular networks and
over 1000 cities/towns across India. It has
got coverage in all National and State
Highways and train routes. BSNL Mobile
offers all India Roaming facility to both pre-
paid and post-paid customers (including
Mumbai & Delhi).

Wireless in Local Loop

This is a communication system that

connects customers to the Public Switched
Telephone Network (PSTN) using radio
frequency signals as a substitute for
conventional wires for all or part of the
 connection between the subscribers and the
telephone exchange.

Now a days many new services has also been launched by BSNL in almost whole
country like :

 3-G Services : High speed internet services up to 2 MBPS on 3G enabled

mobile hand-set.

 Video Conferencing : On mobile handsets , video conferencing is now possible

with latest technology.

 Wi-Max : Wireless network for data communication with internet as well as other
entities.

 IPTV : Digital quality network for TV with Video on demand & saving of programs
feature available.

 EVDO :Evaluation Data Only, a USB data card for high speed internet with
mobility & roaming facility.

Achievements

Achievements/Milestones

Since BSNL's formation on October 1, 2000  up to September 2001, significant growth

has been achieved in almost all the infrastructural parameters:

 Number of exchanges has grown by 14% to 32369.

  Equipped capacity has grown by 21.5% to 36.43 million in one year.
 Direct exchange lines have grown by 21.5% to 29.4 million.
 TAX capacity has grown by 7.8% to 25,40,000.
 OFC route kms has grown by about 26.9% to 241841.

Achievements April-December 2000:

New Telephone Connections:-

During 1999-2000 a record number of 45.40 lakh new telephone connections were
provided by BSNL, bringing the total number of DELs to 224.8 lakh.
 During the current year (April-Dec. 2000) 27.23 lakh lines have been installed.
 Total lines installed as on 31-12-2000 is 252.4 lakh.
Public Call Office (PCOs):-
In the urban areas, since there is a long waiting list for telephone connections and
also considering the fact the telephone facility is needed by general public who can
not afford to have a telephone of their own, it was decided that the accessibility
should be improved by providing a large number of PCOs for general public.

Total number of PCOs 326574, STD PCOs, 5449 NHPTs have been provided up
to March 21, 2000.
 As on March, 31,2000 the number of villages having Village Public
Telephones(VPTs)was 374605 out of 607491.
 During 2000-01(April-December 2000), 152,150 PCOs have been provided.

Provisions of Cellular Mobile Phones:-

It has been planned to introduce WLL technology in the network. Its salient features
of WLL are its fast and easy deployment, flexibility, limited mobility etc. Initially this
service is being introduced in 27 cities by BSNL in the form of pilot project. The
estimated cost of this project shall be about Rs.50 Crore.

Telephone Services:-
3010 New telephone exchanges (Net addition) were
commissioned during 1999-2000 raising the total number of
exchanges to 27569. The equipped capacity of Telephone
Exchanges rose to 281.28 lakh lines with the net addition of
63.02 lakh new lines during the year representing an
increase of 28.87% over the previous year.

The equipped capacity of Telephone Exchanges as on December 31, 2000 was

311.31 lakh lines.
 All electromechanical exchanges in the country have been scrapped and
decommissioned. Now the total switching network is electronic type.

Subscriber Trunk Dialing(STD):-

As on March 31, 2000, there were 369 TAXs in the country. The equipped capacity
was increased by 480000 bringing the total to 1948000 lines.
 The number of stations connected to the National Subscriber Dialing Network through
these TAXs was increased by 3364 bringing the total to 21576.
 As on December 31, 2000 the total number of TAXs increased to 374 and 258000
lines was added to TAX network bringing the TAX switching capacity to 2206000.

STD Stations:-
The direct dialing facility is very useful for accessing distant stations instantly. The
BSNL has, therefore, been constantly increasing the number of STD stations in the
country.
 There were 21576 NSD/STD stations in the country as on March 31, 2000. 
 During April-December, 2000, 1576 new stations have been connected to Tax
network bringing the total number of stations connected on STD to 23152.

Transmission Systems:-
The status of microwave systems was 117704 as on December 31, 2000. 29704
RKMs of optical fibre systems have been added bringing the total to 201001 RKMs as
on December 31, 2000.
During the year 2000-2001, the target is to cover 100000 villages out of which 14216
villages have already been covered till December 31, 2000 bringing the total to 388821
villages by the end of December 2000. The remaining villages are expected to be
linked with telephone lines by the end of March, 2002.

Rural Telephony:-
(a) Coverage:- The objective is to provide telecom facility in all the revenue villages
and telephones on demand in rural areas to meet the universal service obligation
(USO) by March 2002. 3.74 lakhs VPTs had been provided up to March 31, 2000.
Total number of DELs in the rural areas was 48.42 lakhs at the end of March 2000.

The task of providing village public telephones (VPTs) is being realized by using new
technologies such as Wireless in Local Loop (WLL), C-DOT TDMA/PMP and Satellite
based telephones for remote and inaccessible villages, in addition to land lines.
 The target of providing DELs in rural areas for 2000-2001 is 14.2 lakhs by opening
3431 new exchanges. Achievement?
 Status of Telecom Services:-
Status as on
  April 1, April 1, April 1,
1999 2000 2001
A) Additions
Direct 37.92 49.18 59.34
Exchange
Lines (Lakh
Lines)
Net Equipped 47.90 67.17 71.46
Capacity
(Lakh Lines)
B) Accessibility
Direct 179.40 224.80 324.36
Telephone
Exchange
Lines working
(Lakhs)
Trunk 388 369 374
Automatic
Exchanges
Total Public 520680 643940 860075
Telephones
Telephone 340640 374605 408922
facility in
villages
International 236 236 236
Subscriber
Trunk Dialing
(ISD) facility 
STD Stations   21576 25660

Public Grievances:-
PG&I Section of Bharat Sanchar
Nigam Ltd. receives complaints
from all over India. It monitors
complaints for their early and timely
settlement. There are several
means for redressing public
grievance through Public Grievance
Cells, Telephone Adalats, Open
House Sessions and Customer
Service Centres. During 1999-2000,
out of 8056 complaints received by
PG&I Cell, 7781 complaints were
disposed off.
 During 2000-2001 (April-
December) 5681 complaints were
received and 4642 complaints were
disposed off.

Telegraph Services:-
As on March 31, 2000, there were 973 Telegraph
Offices ; 978 Telecom Centers and 42931
Combined offices. During the current year up to
September 30, 2000 one Telegraph office was
opened bringing the total to 974.
 Express Money Transfer Services (EMTs) are
working in A.P., Tamilnadu, Maharashtra and
Kerala Circles with limited transactions with in the
Circles. 

 In an effort to modernise the telegraph services,

three Formatted Terminal Concentrators (FTC's)
have been installed at CTO Ajmer, RTTC Rajpura
and CTO, Ludhiana during 1999-2000. EKBC's
have been installed in Bihar Telecom Circle,
Ranchi; M.P. Telecom circle Bhopal;
Hoshangabad; Maharashtra Telecom Circle; and in
U.P.(E) Telecom Circle Ballia, Gorakhpur,
Ghazipur, Banda, Deoria, Farrukhabad, Sitapur,
and Jhansi. 5 EKBCs have been installed upto
December 31, 2000 in Orissa circle at Bolangir,
Baripada, Sambalpur, Keonjhar and Balasore.
Quality of Services:-
 96% of Telegrams were delivered within 12 day
light hours during the year.
Particulars of Bureau fax:-
Total number of bureaufax centers as on March
31, 2000 in the country was1427, through which
29.82 lakh messages were booked during 1999-
2000. 
 11.61 lakh messages were booked during April -
September, 2000.
 The number of incoming FAX messages which
were delivered during April-September, 2000 was
4.12 lakh. Another 1.70 lakh FAX messages were
delivered during April-September 2000.
New Technologies:-
New technologies are being adopted to expand
and strengthen the telecom services in the
country.
Very Small Aperture Terminals(VSATs):-
Under this scheme, BSNL is providing STD facility
by using Satellite Based Multi Channel Per Carrier
(MCPC Capacity of one MCPC-VSAT is 7 channels).
 MCPC-VSATs(7 Channel capacity each) were
made operational during the financial year 1999-
2000, making total number of MCPC-VSATs as
351 at the end of financial year.

 During the current year (2000-2001), 164 MCPC

VSATs have been targeted out of which, up to
December 31, 2000, 43 MCPC VSATs have been
made operational.

C-Band IDR schemes:-

Intermediate Data Rate (IDR) digital facility is provided to augment the channel
capacity of existing Satellite earth stations to 2 MB(30 channel) and 8 MB(120
channel) using additional IDR equipments.
 During the current year upto December 2000, IDR facility was provided to 15 Routes
out of a target of 23 for the year 2000-2001.

HVNET - High Speed VSAT Network:-

A satellite based network using VSATs to provide high speed (64 Kbps) switched data
 service known as HVNET was made operational few years back. The Network has
access to packet Switched Public Data Networks (INET/RABMN) and International
data networks through the Gateway Packet Switching System of VSNL. The Network
envisages voice facility amongst VSATs including connectivity to Public Switched
Telephone Network (PSTN). The Hub station is co-located with satellite earth station
at Mumbai.

 HVNET-VSATs were commissioned during the financial year 1999-2000, bringing the
total number to 69 at the end of the year.

Remote Area Business Message Network-RABMN-(VSATs):-

These VSATs are Low Speed Data Terminals (1.2 Kbps & 9.6 Kbps). Now with the
availability of high speed data terminals in the market there is not much demand for
such VSATs. These VSATs are directly purchased by the customers from suppliers.

 Of RABMN Terminals were commissione during the financial year 1999-2000,
bringing the total number of RABMN VSATs to about 350 working till end of the year.

Intelligent Network (IN) Services:-

Presently, the Intelligent Network services which have been introduced/planned to be
introduced include 

(i) Free phone (FPH), 

(ii) Premium rate (PRM), 
(iii) Indian Telephone Card (ITC), 
(iv) Account Card Calling (ACC), 
(v) Tele Voting (VOT), 
(vi) Universal Access Number (UAN) and 
(vii) Virtual Private Network (VPN.

 During December, 2000 to March, 2001, IN services are likely to be extended at 20

more locations by BSNL in addition to the already existing 81 cities.

Internet:-
Plans have been drawn to provide full range of
Internet services. Under the National Internet
Backbone (NIB), 14 Type A and 31 Type B
stations have been planned.It was also decided
to set up Internet nodes at all the Secondary
Switching Areas (SSA) in the first phase.
 A total of 89 BSNL nodes with customer base
of 97,330 and 110 leased subscribers as on
March 31, 2000.
 During April to November, 2000, internet
services have been provided in 133 cities with a customer base of 79216. 
 During December, 2000 to March, 2001, it is proposed to provide Internet
Nodes in the remaining SSAs.
 It is planned to open Internet Dhabas in all block head quarters in the country by
March, 2001.

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM):-

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) offers a solution to meet higher bandwidth
for introduction of multi-media applications, high speed LAN inter-connections,
interactive video etc. and provide platform supporting the integrated delivery of a
variety of high speed digital communication services. It has also been planned to
install ATM switches at Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Calcutta and Chennai.

Digital Loop Carrier(DLC) Systems:-

The DLC is an important step towards fibre in local loop which results in
significant saving in copper cable. This is cheaper as compared to the copper
connection and Network reliability is ensured. During 1999-2000, 79 DLC
systems were completed.

High bit rate Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL) Systems:-

The HDSL is a Pair gain system and works on the existing copper cable. It helps
in reducing TNF areas and is cost effective. Transportation of 2 MB streams on
copper cable up-to 4KM without regenerators is possible on this system 

The tender for procurement of additional 2985 systems of HDSL has also been
finalized and placement of orders is under process.

Information Technology:-
 With a view to improving quality of the service, during 1999-2000, 655 more
towns have been Computerized for providing Fault Repair Service (FRS). 11
more SSAs have been Computerized for Directory Enquiry (DQ) and DOTSOFT
has been implemented in 15 SSAs.

AWARDS TO BSNL

Govt. Of India, Ministry of Power has conferred four National Energy conservation awards
to BSNL. The first prize was awarded to BSNL Telecom Bhawan Medical college
Thiruvananthapuram ,  Kerala. Second prize was given to Main Telephone Exchange
Building Ambala City Haryana and also to Telephone exchange building Yamunangar
Haryna.

The certificate of Merit was awarded forTelephone exchange building Karnal, Haryana.
Thus in the office buildings category BSNL has swept all the National Energy Conservation
Awards 2010. The CMD BSNL, CGMT Haryana circle, PGM (Elect) BSNL Corporate office,
Chief Engineer (Elect ) and GM from Kerala Telecom received these  awards from
Honorable Union Minister of Power Shri.Sushil Kumar Shinde on 14 December 2010,
National Energy conservation  Day in New Delhi.
BSNL has introduced Energy conservation measures in all its operations in a systematic
manner. Due to introduction of these Energy conservation measures BSNL has saved
around Rs.68 crores during the FY 2009-10 and approximately Rs 50 crores during the
current year i.e 2010-11 up to Nov 2010.

   
When it comes to connecting the four corners of the nation, and
much beyond, one solitary name lies embedded at the pinnacle -
BSNL. A company that has gone past the number games and
the quest to attain the position of a leader . It is working round
the clock to take India into the future by providing world class
  telecom services for people of India. BSNL is India's no. 1
Telecom Service provider and most trusted Telecom brand of
the Nation.

Driven by the very best of telecom technology from chosen

global leaders, it connects each inch of the nation to the infinite
corners of the globe, to enable you to step into tomorrow.

Data One   MPLS-VPN

BSNL launched DataOne BSNL harnesses MPLS
broadband service in   Technology to offer world
January 2005 which shall be class IP VPN services to its
extended to 198 cities... customers...
     

         

Sancharnet   Leased Line

BSNL provides leased lines
The countrywide Internet
  for voice and data
Services of BSNL under the
communication for various
brand name Sancharnet...
applications...
 

         

ISDN   Wi-Fi
ISDN, a powerful tool for Wi-Fi Services provide high
provisioning of services like   speed internet access at
voice, data etc over the various convenient public
telephone lines... locations...
     

         
 Web Hosting   Web Colocation
Web hosting allows users to Web Co-location helps to
publish Web pages and   house a company's
information resources on the infrastructure along with
Internet... control on equipments...
   

OBJECTIVE

By mid-2008, Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited, BSNL planned to launch CDMA services
to mobile users across the country.

The application rendered by BSNL for a full-fledged CDMA mobility license has been
approved. Since BSNL is State-owned, it was exempted from shelling out Rs 1,651-
crores entry fee, performance bank guarantee fee etc for the CDMA license.

“The initial investment for this project will be approximately $500 million,”

BSNL has 70 million customers nation-wide and intends to expand the numbers with the
introduction of CDMA services. They claim that they will be able to take 20% of the
market share under their fold in one year. Do Reliance and TATA Indicom have
something to mull over?
Even while most CDMA users swear by the reliability of our connections, we feel short
changed as far as choice of handsets goes. We can only hope that BSNL can redeem
us and in the process, maybe, guarantee switch-over customers as well.

BSNL planned to invest $500 million initially to roll outservices. Being a state-owned
operator, BSNL will not have to pay the Rs 16.51 billion entry
fee, or provide the performance bank guarantee or other financial guarantees for its
CDMA foray.

India’s Mobile communication Bsnl plan for growth with Launch of CDMA

The country's top telecom company, Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) has been
having a rough run for some time. For each step forward, it has been pushed back two
steps. Just when it thought it had cleared the air on its scaled down 23 million line GSM
tender, Bharti Airtel delivered it a fresh blow. In August this year, the private operator

Unceremoniously unseated BSNL from its leadership position as the largest integrated

Telecom operator in the country (in subscriber terms), pushing ahead with 78.7 million

Subscribers against BSNL are 77.2 million. That must hurt. For the one-time monopoly
service provider, and the largest telecom

company in terms of both subscriber numbers (mobile, fixed and internet and
broadband) and revenues, the upstaging by Airtel has somewhat bruised its image.
Though it is still the largest operator in revenue terms, its slow growth is worrying – a
point also noted by communications and IT minister A. Raja recently.

This is not to say that BSNL is not a canny operator. But as a state-run entity, it finds its
hands tied when it comes to taking decisions. Its operations are subjected to
bureaucratic delays, interference and controversy. Every issue needs to pass through
multiple levels before it is cleared. This is time-consuming and certainly not the best
way to deal with competition.
The government's latest intention of merging loss-making equipment maker ITI with
BSNL is a case in point. Analysts say this is not a "smart move at all". On the one hand,
the government has expressly asked the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) to
work out a strategy to restore BSNL's market position, and on the other, it is suggesting
a merger with a loss-making entity, which will only impact BSNL's financial health
further.

As it is, the company's financials have been slipping over the years. Though on a strong
wicket compared to other operators, in financial year 2007-08, BSNL's revenue
(provisional) dropped to Rs 370 billion from Rs 397.15 billion in the previous year. Its
profit after tax (PAT) too slipped, from Rs 78.06 billion to Rs 45 billion during the same
period. Therefore, in the event of a merger, ITI's accumulated losses of Rs 25 billion
would only put an additional burden on BSNL's financials.

"This would be the last straw on the camel's back," points out Sridhar Pai, CEO of
consulting firm Tonse Telecom. "This should not be allowed at any cost. The world is
now in a different mode and operators have a full-time job in building their brand and
managing subscriber expectations. Why burden them with an ailing equipment vendor
that has been surviving on subsidies and handouts from the centre?"

BSNL couldn't agree more. It has reportedly informed Raja that a merger with ITI does
not bring any synergies to the table. "BSNL is a service provider and ITI is a
manufacturing company. And no service provider is manufacturing its own equipment
because it wants to source the best equipment at the best prices by exploring various
options. Tying up with only one equipment manufacturer or manufacturing only one
particular equipment may not be commercially producing the best out of BSNL.

In 2002, when BSNL launched mobile services, it took the market by storm, giving the
older, private operators a run for their money. It matched their service offerings and
competitive tariffs and soon became a contender for the top slot. By early 2006, it had
20 million customers and 25 per cent market share.

Then the slide began. The company was faced with a huge capacity crunch with the last
major network expansion having been undertaken in 2005. By late 2006, subscriber
additions had hit an all-time low. Subsequent expansion plans were either stalled or
delayed. Its mobile business, operating on a highly overburdened network, ran to the
ground.

Today, BSNL, with 38.49 million mobile subscribers, trails way behind private telecom
majors such as Bharti Airtel (75 million subscribers as of August 2008), Reliance
Communications (RCOM) (54.29 million) and Vodafone Essar (52.76 million).

Strategy for change

To restore the company's confidence, Goyal is looking to shake off the old ways of
doing business. He is also conscious of the imperative need to plug the "single biggest
concern" of the company – the severe capacity crunch that has been crippling BSNL's
mobile business for the past two years. Says Goyal, "A decrease in the market share of
an incumbent is natural when any sector opens up to competition. However, during the
past couple of years, mobile capacity constraints have prevented us from reversing this
trend. Network expansion is now at the final stage of integration. BSNL is trying to
stabilise and then increase its market share through a number of measures."

The "pull-up" strategy is multi-directional. BSNL has set a target of achieving a 30 per
cent share of the mobile market by 2010 from 13 per cent at present. As a first step
towards this, it plans to get a 93 million mobile line order – the world's largest telecom
equipment order. This will help the company extend its GSM coverage to all villages
with a population of more than 1,000.

The estimated cost of the project is $10 billion, which will be spread over a period of
three years. The 93 million line order is being split into three parts of 25 million each for
the north, south and west zones, and 18 million for the east zone.

Taking care to not repeat its past mistakes, the bidding conditions have been made
much clearer. No single company will be awarded more than two zones; the maximum
order that any equipment major can thus get will not exceed 50 million lines. Also unlike
the earlier tenders, BSNL has allowed telecom vendors who do not have a
manufacturing facility in India to participate in the bidding, thereby clearing the way for
the participation of Chinese vendors ZTE and Huawei.

Recently, six international telecom network majors – Ericsson, Nokia Siemens

Networks, Alcatel-Lucent, Huawei, ZTE and Nortel Networks – submitted their bids.
Motorola, however, refrained from doing so, perhaps still smarting from the earlier BSNL
tender fiasco when it was disqualified on technical grounds.

Meanwhile, BSNL intends to add 33.5 million wireless lines by March 2009. Of this,
orders have already been placed for 17 million GSM lines and 2 million CDMA lines
(BSNL received permission to offer CDMA services under the dual technology platform
in 2007, like RCOM and Tata Teleservices Limited [TTSL]). As of April 2008, BSNL had
a capacity of 36 million GSM lines and 5.5 million CDMA lines. The capacity
enhancement will thus give a significant fillip to BSNL's operations.

Creating capacity is only one aspect of the growth strategy. The company is also
banking heavily on 3G and has announced plans to introduce these services by early
2009. According to analysts, this could be BSNL's lucky break, as it will gain an
earlymover advantage over private players. The advantage of being a state-run
organisation is that government policies are often crafted to take care of their interests.
In this instance, BSNL has already received 3G radio frequencies, while private players
have to wait out the bidding process.

BSNL plans to hook up all district headquarters on the country's telecom map to 3G by
the end of the year. For this it is looking at an investment of Rs 25 billion. BSNL is
already running trials in Pune, which will enable 2 Mbps data connectivity to 2,000
BSNL post-paid mobile subscribers. Also on the anvil are plans to introduce the
BlackBerry and iPhone. This will help BSNL take on rivals like Bharti, Vodafone, RCOM
and TTSL in the high-end services bracket.

"It is clear that both BSNL and Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) will use
the launch of 3G and subsequently, the iPhone to popularise their cellular services. This
is the first time that public sector units (PSUs) are going the whole hog after a product
that has been developed privately," comments a senior official from a competing
company.

Significantly, the company seems to have revived its plans to launch its IPO, through
which it intends to divest about 10 per cent stake. But this is contingent on government
approvals and the buy-in of its labour unions. As of now, BSNL's employees seem to be
favourably inclined towards the listing, but there is no final decision yet.

If the IPO does go through as speculated, market sources believe BSNL could get
valued at $100 billion. A 10 per cent equity dilution could fetch the company Rs 400
billion. While this is mostly speculation, Raja recently indicated that BSNL may list on
the bourses in a price range of Rs 300 to Rs 400 per share. The ministry is proposing to
offer the company's 350,000 employees 500 shares each at Rs 10 as ESOPs.
However, Pankaj Agrawal, associate director of research firm BDA India, says that
"given the liquidity crunch in the market, it may not be the right time to go to the market".

The other potential revenue earning area for BSNL is hiving off its telecom tower
business, as other mobile companies have done. It will save the company operating
costs and capital expenditure. "We are examining this," says Goyal. "We have no
decisions yet. All we have is 32,000 GSM towers and 7,000 CDMA towers. Let us see
how we go about it." BSNL is already in talks with international consultants to advise it
on how to go about the process. According to the preliminary talks, the tower company
will, in all likelihood, be a 100 per cent subsidiary of BSNL, which would be listed later
and, according to speculation, could command a valuation of $6-8 billion.

Expert Opinion
At the moment, the company does seem to be getting its act together. Goyal has
immense confidence in the company's fundamental strengths. "BSNL has always been
the leader in telecom. It will take years for any of the private operators to catch up with
our strength of network and operations," he states. Besides, he points out, telecom is a
liberalised sector with stiff competition, and BSNL is adapting much better than
expected to the new realities. It is a trusted telecom brand and has a significant
presence across the country.

No doubt, the company has brought in many changes in the way it conducts business.
Says telecom analyst Mahesh Uppal, "Anyone can see how competitive BSNL has
become and how innovative its services are becoming. It is no longer the typical boring
old government company that would do things after the world has stopped doing them."

In its favour is its ubiquitous reach. It has the largest fixed line network and an extensive
mobile network. It is also the only player that has such widespread rural coverage and
last mile connectivity. "It is larger and broader than most of its competitors and its
networks are technically as high on quality as any other," adds Uppal. This is
undoubtedly a big advantage for BSNL.

That said, the company has its share of weaknesses as well. For instance, though
BSNL has tremendous experience in the telecom business, according to analysts, it
could probably compete better if it hired professionals and was not dependent on
internal resources for leadership, which may not necessarily be up to the mark. "BSNL
needs market facing, streetsmart management to kill its old hum-haw ways and learn a
few new tricks of the trade. And DoT should be asked to keep off and not interfere,"
says Pai.

Moreover, private operators have a huge advantage of speed in implementing ideas

and strategies while BSNL is bogged down by long tendering processes. With telecom
being an extremely dynamic industry, this is a very significant disadvantage.

The company also has to deal with a huge workforce, which further slows it down
compared to its leaner private sector rivals, which are far more agile and nimble-footed.
"BSNL's planned IPO can only help to a certain extent," points out Kunal Bajaj, director,
BDA India. Adds Uppal, "It will require political will to see BSNL's IPO through. Besides,
unless you have an IPO that reduces the government's stake by more than half, it only
has a limited impact on the government's decision-making power. And I don't think this
is going to happen."

On 3G too, analysts say that though BSNL will have the first-mover advantage as it has
got the spectrum, it has to be seen how much of its subscriber base will migrate to 3G.
"It will depend largely on the type and quality of service that BSNL will be able to offer
through its 3G network. It still remains a technology-focused company rather than a
customer-friendly, market-driven one like private operators," says Bajaj.
Indeed, the common perception is that BSNL needs to improve its customer interface.
Though BSNL is focusing on enhancing its distribution channel and improving its
marketing and branding strategies, it does get branded as "sarkari".

Focus Area,s
Goyal is well aware of this and has started, what he calls, "multi-pronged" action to
bring in change. "Service quality would get a fillip as we remove congestion in the
network completely by optimising our network. Trials have already been done for the
mobile network. For points of interconnections, we have started a drive to remove
congestion from our point to other operators' points and vice versa. Towards that end,
we have also appointed an outside agency for benchmarking our network visa-vis that
of other operators to see where we stand. For customer care, our people will now
directly get in touch with our customers. Apart from a normal call centre, our staff will
have one-on-one interaction with our customers. We are also setting up zone-wise call
centres for our wireline and broadband customers. These are likely to be operational by
the end of 2008-09."

Broadband is a key thrust area. BSNL offers one of the fastest growing and cheapest
broadband services in the country. Of a total broadband customer base of 4.73 million,
BSNL accounts for more than 2.57 million connections. Going forward, it has set a
target of achieving 50 per cent of the national target of 20 million broadband
connections by 2010.

IPTV is another area that the company is keen on. Its trial runs in many areas have
been successful. This will also help strengthen its wireline segment. The company will
eventually look to bundle IPTV and broadband services along with fixed line services,
thereby putting its extensive fixed line infrastructure to effective use.

As far as rural initiative is concerned, BSNL services 99 per cent of this market. It plans
to bring all districts and blocks of the country under high speed internet connectivity by
March 2009. According to DoT, the additional spectrum allotted to BSNL will help the
company achieve its targets.

To implement its ambitious plans, the company envisages a three-year investment of

Rs 600 billion, a large chunk of which will go towards adding 3 million mobile
subscribers a month. The PSU is also planning to invest about Rs 20 billion on a CDMA
network rollout. With the government allowing dual technology use by operators, the two
telecom PSUs, BSNL and MTNL, are keen to offer CDMA services in the country. In the
initial stage, BSNL is looking to limit its CDMA offerings to the top 500 towns and cities.
Significantly, for the first time in its history, BSNL has decided to expand overseas. It
has a cash surplus of over $10 billion, which it plans to use for its overseas foray. In
fact, BSNL has set its sights on becoming the largest telecom service provider in
Southeast Asia with 120 million connections by 2010.

Bit by bit, the company's plans seem to be falling into place. Its aim clearly is to reclaim
its leadership position and restore some of its lost lustre.

Company snapshot
Mobile subscriber base/market share: 39.16 million/13 per cent (September 2008)
Fixed line subscriber base/market share: 30.87 million/80 per cent (June 2008)
Internet subscriber base/market share: 5.94 million/50.96 per cent (June 2008)
Broadband subscriber base/market share: 2.32 million/53.15 per cent (June 2008)
Presence: 21 circles
Rural coverage: BSNL, has the largest share of the rural mobile market. The operator
is rolling out the major part of the network under the first phase of the USO Fund's rural
project, and has recently been asked by the government to cover villages with less than
100 people under the village public telephone scheme (under the Bharat Nirman
Programme). Besides, BSNL will extend its broadband facilities to as many as 30,500
villages.
On the cards: Capacity expansion; zone-wise call centres for wireline and broadband
customers to strengthen the customer grievance redressal system; improving the quality
of services by fixing the congestion points; upgrading the skills of the technical and
managerial staff and providing them with adequate training; an infrastructure sharing
policy which will focus on renting towers to new, greenfield and existing operators;
overseas forays; the much-talkedabout IPO; and launching 3G and Wi-Max services, for
which spectrum has already been allocated by the government.

Recent tenders and contracts

 BSNL floated a tender for 93 million GSM (2G and 3G) lines in all regions –
north, south, west and east – in September 2008. The operator has received bids
from six international vendors, Ericsson, Nokia Siemens Networks, Alcatel-Lucent,
Huawei, ZTE and Nortel Networks.
 BSNL's tender for a Rs 40 billion project for providing billing and software
solutions has received about 10 bids from IT companies. These include HCL, Tata
Consultancy Services, Tech Mahindra, Wipro, Infosys, Satyam and Prithvi
Communications.
 BSNL has placed a Rs 240 million optic fibre cable order with Sterlite
Technologies. Under the contract, Sterlite will supply its high density ribbon optic
fibre cable which BSNL will install in about 100 city sites across the country.
 Bids have been invited by BSNL for 1 million next-generation network switches.
These will be used to offer full-fledged internet telephony services to the company's
31 million landline subscribers in the country.
 In September 2008, BSNL floated a tender for 1,000 base transceiver stations
(BTSs). It expects to set up 500 BTSs by March 2009.
 BSNL placed orders for 17 million GSM lines and 2 million CDMA lines in the
second quarter of 2008.
 In the beginning of 2008, BSNL tied up with Soma Networks for Wi-Max
deployment in the Gujarat, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh circles. It is soon
likely to launch an expression of interest for Wi-Max services in another 16 circles.

Key initiatives

 In October 2008, BSNL tied up with BT to access the latter's global MPLS
network and managed service expertise, including network integration, managed
security, managed data centre, hosted contact centre and remote infrastructure
management.
 BSNL signed a memorandum of understanding with Cable & Wireless (C&W)
for sharing of networks and other telecom infrastructure. Under the agreement,
C&W will offer support to BSNL for network expansion, while the Indian operator
will allow C&W to leverage its extensive infrastructure in the country.
 Under a network-sharing deal, BSNL has allowed Swan Telecom to use its
network. Swan will be charged Re 0.52 per minute for outgoing calls. The rates will
be revised every six months.
 BSNL has selected China-based Haier Mobile to provide CDMA handsets for a
bundled scheme which will be launched by the end of 2008.
 In September 2008, BSNL extended telecom connectivity to the remote
Gnathang village in east Sikkim. It has provided a village pubic telephone and
public call offices in the village and is planning to extend mobile connectivity by
March 2009.
 BSNL has tied up with Tata Communications to roll out the on demand hosted
contact service for its enterprise customers.

Study on Bsnl CDMACellular Network in

Jodhpur
Objective
Our objective of the survey project report is to find out the Launch of BSNL CDMA
mobile as a project & is this connection is more preferred by people of jodhpur and also
the hurdles in achieving the desired milestone in And the study of reliance seller
network and bsnl which telecom company is more valuable for the responded.and our
main objective of the project to know what is the satisfaction level of the responded for
his connection. And what offer’s given by the service provider and why they use their
network connection.

Methodology
TYPE OF RESEARCH-

To Study the Market Share & growth of BSNL cellular network in JODHPUR with the
launch of CDMA Mobile. I have gone through various news papers, magazines,
websites and collected information and data.

Data collection:-
(Primary Data)
Collect information through the person of jodhpur

(Secondary data)
In data collection method we shall collect the secondary data from

the following sources.

News paper

Magazine

Internet
Other sources for Information.
STATICAL TOOL’S
SPSS 16.0
MS EXCEL

Data collection:-
 (Primary Data)

Collect information through the person of Gosainganj

(Secondary data)
In data collection method we shall collect the secondary data from

the following sources.

News paper

Magazine

Internet

Other sources for Information.

STATICAL TOOL’S
SPSS 16.0
MS EXCEL
MS Word.
Parameters of Research

Price plan

Network coverage

Offer’s
Availability in market

BSNL
Introduction to project growth plan
Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (known as BSNL, India Communications Corporation
Limited) is a public sector communications company in India. It is the

India's largest telecommunication company with 25.14% market share as on December

31, 2010. Its headquarters are at Bharat Sanchar Bhawan, Harish Chandra Mathur
Lane, Janpath, New Delhi. It has the status of Mini-ratna - a status assigned to reputed
Public Sector companies in India.
BSNL is India's oldest and largest Communication Service Provider (CSP). Currently
BSNL has a customer base of 68.5 million (Basic & Mobile telephony). It has footprints
throughout India except for the metropolitan cities of Mumbai and New Delhi which are
managed by MTNL. As on December 31, 2010 BSNL commanded a customer base of
31.7 million Wireline, 4.1 million CDMA-WLL and 32.7 million GSM Mobile subscribers.
BSNL's earnings for the Financial Year ending March 31, 2007 stood at INR 397.15b
(US$ 9.67 b) with net profit of INR 78.06b (US$ 1.90 billion). Today, BSNL is India's
largest Telco and one of the largest Public Sector Undertaking with estimated market
value of $ 100 Billion. The company is planning an IPO with in 6 months to offload 10 %
to public.
Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. formed in October, 2000, is World's 7th largest
Telecommunications Company providing comprehensive range of telecom services in
India: Wireline, CDMA mobile, GSM Mobile, Internet, Broadband, Carrier service,
MPLS-VPN, VSAT, VoIP services, IN Services etc. Within a span of five years it has
become one of the largest public sector unit in India.

BSNL has installed Quality Telecom Network in the country and now focusing on
improving it, expanding the network, introducing new telecom services with ICT
applications in villages and wining customer's confidence. Today, it has about 47.3
million line basic telephone capacity, 4 million WLL capacity, 20.1 Million GSM
Capacity, more than 37382 fixed exchanges, 18000 BTS, 287 Satellite Stations, 480196
Rkm of OFC Cable, 63730 Rkm of Microwave Network connecting 602 Districts, 7330
cities/towns and 5.5 Lakhs villages. BSNL is the only service provider, making focused
efforts and planned initiatives to bridge the Rural- Urban Digital Divide ICT sector. In
fact there is no telecom operator in the country to beat its reach with its wide network
giving services in every nook & corner of country and operates across India except
Delhi & Mumbai. Whether it is inaccessible areas of Siachen glacier and North-eastern
region of the country. BSNL serves its customers with its wide bouquet of telecom
services. BSNL is numero uno operator of India in all services in its license area. The
company offers vide ranging & most transparent tariff schemes designed to suite every
customer. BSNL cellular service, CellOne, has more than 17.8 million cellular
customers, garnering 24 percent of all mobile users as its subscribers. That means that
almost every fourth mobile user in the country has a BSNL connection. In basic
services, BSNL is miles ahead of its rivals, with 35.1 million Basic Phone subscribers
i.e. 85 per cent share of the subscriber base and 92 percent share in revenue terms.

BSNL has more than 2.5 million WLL subscribers and 2.5 million Internet Customers
who access Internet through various modes viz. Dial-up, Leased Line, DIAS, Account
Less Internet(CLI). BSNL has been adjudged as the NUMBER ONE ISP in the country.
BSNL has set up a world class multi-gigabit, multi- protocol convergent IP infrastructure
that provides convergent services like voice, data and video through the same
Backbone and Broadband Access Network. At present there are 0.6 million DataOne
broadband customers.

The company has vast experience in Planning, Installation, network integration and
Maintenance of Switching & Transmission Networks and also has a world class ISO
9000 certified Telecom Training Institute.
Scaling new heights of success, the present turnover of BSNL is more than Rs.351,820
million (US $ 8 billion) with net profit to the tune of Rs.99,390 million (US $ 2.26 billion)
for last financial year. The infrastructure asset on telephone alone is worth about
Rs.630,000 million (US $ 14.37 billion). BSNL plans to expand its customer base from
present 47 millions lines to 125 million lines by December 2007 and infrastructure
investment plan to the tune of Rs. 733 crores (US$ 16.67 million) in the next three
years.
The turnover, nationwide coverage, reach, comprehensive range of telecom services
and the desire to excel has made BSNL the No. 1 Telecom Company of India.

A brief History:
The foundation of Telecom Network in India was laid by the British sometime in 19th century.
The history of BSNL is linked with the beginning of Telecom in India. In 19th century and for
almost entire 20th century, the Telecom in India was operated as a Government of India wing.
Earlier it was part of erstwhile Post & Telegraph Department (P&T). In 1975 the Department of
Telecom (DoT) was separated from P&T. DoT was responsible for running of Telecom services
in entire country until 1985 when Mahan agar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) was carved out
of Dot to run the telecom services of Delhi and Mumbai. It is a well known fact that BSNL was
carved out of Department of Telecom to provide level playing field to private telecoms.
Subsequently in 1990s the telecom sector was opened up by the Government for Private
investment, therefore it became necessary to separate the Government's policy wing from
Operations wing. The Government of India corporatized the operations wing of Dot on October
01, 2000 and named it as Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL).BSNL operates as a public
sector.

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

DEMOGARPHIC FEATURES OF REPONDENTS
Profession Ratio of the Respondents
PARTICULARS
NUMBER
%AGE
STUDENT
BUSINESS MAN
SERVICE MAN
INTERPRETATION: The graphical representation of the
Table shows that out of 200 respondents 88 student were
Business man 100 and service man were 12.

Are u a Telecom User?

Particular Number %tage

Students 88 44

Busynessman 100 50

Serviceman 12 6

Which cellular network do u prefer.

No. of
Particulars respondents
TATA 68
Reliance 88
BSNL 44

INTERPRETATION:

Out of 200 respondents 68 were using TATA, 88

were using Reliance and 44 were using BSNL

3-Which types Connection do u have

 No. of
Particulars respondents
Postpaid 3
Prepaid 47

INTERPRETATION:

Out of 50 respondents 47 were using prepaid

connections while 3 respondents were using postpaid
connections.

4- Are u satisfied with this Price Plan?

  Are u satisfied with current plan  

Respondent Agree Not agree
Business man  60%  40%
Student  30%  70%
Serviceman  75%  25%

5- Why do you use this connection?

Good Call Other

Respondent Better Service plans rate s Total
 Businessman 1 2 3 6 12
Serviceman 11 1 2 2 16
Student 13 5 1 3 22
Total 25 8 6 11 50

6- How is your Network Coverage?

Don,t
Respondent Very Good Very Bad Know Total
Business man 16 7   23
Student 19 4 1 24
Serviceman 3     3
Total 38 11 1 50

7- What is availability of your cellular network in the market?

Don,t
Respondent Very Good Very Bad Know Total
Business man 18 3 1 22
Student 19 5 1 25
Serviceman 3     3
Total 40 8 2 50
Recommendation

FINDINGS

Few years back mobile connections were not common among the students. But with the
mobile revolution now we can find almost every student with mobile phone.

Most of the students prefer prepaid connections than postpaid connections.

Most preferred cellular company amongst the students is Reliance and the least
preferred company is BSNL
Mostly the students are satisfied with the services provided by the different cellular
companies.
Maximum numbers of respondents were attracted towards the coverage facility and the
least like the OTHER services.
T.V. and internet are the best media advertisements that put more impact on the
students buying decisions
Bsnl network problem is a major problem for Bsnl.
Responded are not satisfied with price plan.
Offers are not satisfied by the customer.

SUGGESTION

Above the discussion with the RESPONDED I have notice the two major weakness of
the BSNL ‘S
Lack of customer satisfaction – firstly customer are not satisfied according to their activation
charge other companies not take activation charge according to discussion to decrease
some activation charge by which customer can be satisfied by this company.
By the discussion with responded I also know the goodwill of the BSNL company so
good by which they give a better competition to the other company.
Bsnl network problem is major problem for customer’s they Improve their network’s and
given good offer’s like private player’s.
BSNL is good in net work but customer is not fully satisfied with his Customer Service
Centre. They improve on this.
Conclusion
After talking to responded we find that BSNL has always network problem and his tariff
vouchers are also costly compare than Reliance has good availability In market and his
price Rate is also cheaper than Bsnl. BSNL don’t have night free facility available as its
very popular for youngster .