ASTM A312 (ASME SA312) ASTM A358 (ASME SA358)

STM A312 / A312M is Standard Specification for Seamless, Welded, and ASTM A358 / A358M is Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion-Welded
Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
and General Applications
This guide covers standard specification for seamless, straight-seam
welded, and cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe intended This specification covers electric-fusion-welded austenitic chromium-nickel
for high-temperature and general corrosive service. Several grades of stainless steel pipe suitable for corrosive or high-temperature service, or both, or
steel shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, for general applications. The pipes shall be sorted into five different classes.
manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, Class 1 pipes shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal in all
titanium, columbium, tantalum, nitrogen, vanadium, copper, cerium, passes and shall be completely radiographed. Pipes of Class 2 shall be double
boron, aluminum, and others. All pipes shall be furnished in the heat- welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes with no radiography.
treated condition in accordance with the required heat treating Both Class 3 and Class 4 pipes shall be single welded except that the weld pass
temperature and cooling/testing requirements. Tensile properties of the of the latter exposed to the inside pipe surface may be without the addition of
material shall conform to the prescribed tensile strength and yield filler metal. Pipes of Class 5 shall be double welded by processes employing
strength. The steel pipe shall undergo mechanical tests such as filler metal and shall be spot radiographed. Weld defects shall be repaired by
transverse or longitudinal tension test and flattening test. Grain size removal to sound metal and re welding. Subsequent heat treatment shall be as
determination and weld decay tests shall be performed. Each pipe shall required on the original welds. The finished pipes shall be subjected to
also be subjected to the nondestructive electric test or the hydrostatic transverse tension test, transverse guided-bend weld test, and hydrostatic test.
test.
1.1 ASTM A358 specification covers electric-fusion-welded austenitic chromium-
1. Scope nickel stainless steel pipe suitable for corrosive or high-temperature service, or
both, or for general applications.
1.1 ASTM A312 covers seamless, straight-seam welded, and heavily cold
worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for high- NOTE 1: The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been
temperature and general corrosive service. substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,”
“size,” and “nominal size.”
NOTE 1: When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service
would be 15 ft·lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral 1.2 ASTM A358 specification covers the grades of alloy and stainless steel
expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this listed in Table 1. The selection of the proper grade and requirements for heat
specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes treatment shall be at the discretion of the purchaser, dependent on the service
without the necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades conditions to be encountered.
TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel
Code, Section VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery (A) New designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE
Piping Code, ANSI B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as −425 °F J1086.
[−250 °C] without qualification by impact tests. Other AISI stainless steel
grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as −325 °F
(B) Choice of American Welding Society specification depends on the welding
[−200 °C] without impact testing. Impact testing may, under certain
process used.
circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or
nickel content outside the AISI ranges, and for material with carbon
content exceeding 0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the (C) Minimum carbon content of the filler metal shall be 0.040 mass %.
rules of ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service temperatures are
lower than −50 °F [−45 °C]. (D) In previous editions, S30600 was incorrectly shown as S01815.

1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, TP310HCb, (E) Common name, not a trademark, widely used, not associated with any one
TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are modifications of Grades producer.
TP304, TP309Cb, TP309S, TP310Cb, TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347,
and TP348, and are intended for service at temperatures where creep (F) These filler metals have a high nickel content and, therefore, lower creep
and stress rupture properties are important. strength than the parent metal at temperatures exceeding about 1470 °F [800
°C], and its resistance to sulphurous media is inferior in certain cases.
This specification covers seamless and straight-seam welded stainless
pipe intended for high temperature and general corrosion service. The 1.3 Five classes of pipe are covered as follows:
A312 manufacturing process is suited to high-volume production and is
generally limited to the diameters and schedule wall thickness shown in
ANSI B36.10 and ANSI B36.19. (Specially items can be ordered) A312
pipe with immediately deliver available from a complete inventory
standard sizes up to 24". 1.3.1 Class 1—Pipe shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal
in all passes and shall be completely radiographed.
The principal manufacturing procedures specified under A312 are:

1. Automatic welding process with no addition of filler wire. 1.3.2 Class 2—Pipe shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal
2. Annealing after welding. in all passes. No radiography is required.

3. Tension, Reverse, forward-bend and hardness tests of each lot.

This specification covers electric-fusion-welded austenitic chromium-nickel alloy
4. Hydrostatic of each tube. steel pipe suitable for corrosion or high-temperature service or both. Although
no restrictions are made on sizes commercial practice is usually above NPS8.
5. Wall thickness may not be more than 12.5% under nominal
thickness. The principal manufacturing procedures specified under A358 are:

Normally furnished in square cut ends, pipe with beveled ends can be
provided. Spot radiography or 100% radiography can be provided on all 1. Automatic welding process with the addition of filler wire.
weld seams. Pipe is pickled and passivated as per ASTM A380 to 2. Annealing after welding.
maintain corrosion resistance and to prevent surface discoloration from
free iron oxidation. 3. A product analysis of both the weld metal and base metal after
annealing.
4. Tension, Reverse, forward-bend and hardness tests of each lot.
5. Hydrostatic of each tube.
6. Wall thickness may not be more than .010" under nominal.

Normally furnished in square cut ends, pipe with beveled ends can be provided.
Spot radiography or 100% radiography can be provided on all weld seams. Pipe
is pickled and passivated as per ASTM A380 to maintain corrosion resistance
and to prevent surface discoloration from free iron oxidation