General Education Elective - GEE 001

Preliminary
Quiz 1: Environmental Problems, Their Causes, and Sustainability

1. Which of the following DOES NOT

represent an aspect of an
environmentally sustainable
society?
A. Biodiversity 6. What is the group of organisms in a
B. Solar Energy define geographic area (terrestrial or
C. Natural cycling marine) that interact with each other and
D. Chemical cycling their environment?
E. Soil erosion A. Ecotourism
B. Ecosystem
2. What is the social movement dedicated C. Ecology
to protecting the earth's life support system D. Ecommunism
for us and for other species?
A. Environment 7. Natural capital consist of _____ an
B. Economics ecological services
C. Ecosystem A. Natural resources
D. Environmentalism B. Economic services
E. Humanism C. Climate change
D. Gross national product
3. If you are interested in the of the E. Degradation of resources
interactions between organisms and
between organisms and their environment, 8. The tragedy of the commons refers to the
you must deal with the science ________? overuse of _____.
A. Ecology A. Solar capital
B. Economics B. Common property or free access
C. Energetic resources
D. Entomology C. Synthetic chemicals
E. Ecommunism D. Government regulations

4. Sustainability is defined as the ability of 9. An ecological footprint is

the _____ and ______ to survive, flourish, A. The amount of biologically
and adapt together to a constantly changing productive land and water needed
environments over a long period of time. to support each person
A. Human being; environment B. The amount of wilderness available
B. Ecosystem; environment on earth
C. Ecosystem; human being C. A measure of the earth’s biological
D. Ecosystem; human cultural system capacity
E. Human being; human cultural system D. A measure of a person’s contribution
to creating a sustainable
5. Which among the following resources environment
is/are perpetual resources?
A. Solar energy and wind 10. Non-renewable resources _____.
B. Fresh air A. All of the choices
C. Solar energy and fresh air B. Can be exhausted within dozens or
D. Solar energy hundreds of years
E. Wind C. Are renewable, but only over millions or
billions of year
D. Exist in a fixed quantity
16. An example of environmentally
11. An/A ____ occurs when the _____ is sustainable economic development is ____.
larger than the biological capacity to A. Population growth
replenish resources and absorb B. Pollution prevention
wastes/pollution. C. Burying of wastes
A. Ecological deficit; ecological D. Increase of use of resources
footprint 17. The following beneficial environmental
B. Ecological deficit; ecological services affects of affluence EXCEPT
C. Ecological services; ecological deficit A. Technological solutions
D. Ecological footprints; Ecological B. High levels of consumption
deficit C. Scientific research
D. Better education
18. What is the environmental worldview
that includes the planetary management
12. Which of the following is considered a worldview, holds that humans are separate
non-renewable resources? from and on charge of nature and that we
A. Biodiversity can manage the earth mostly for our
B. Metallic minerals benefit, into the distant future?
C. Fresh air A. Earth-centered environmental
D. Solar energy worldview
B. Planet-centered environmental
13. Non-point pollution resources ____. worldview
A. Are identified more easily and C. Human-centered environmental
cheaply than point sources worldview
B. Come from the sources that are D. Life-centered environmental
impossible to locate worldview
C. Are disperses and difficult to
identify
D. May come from a smokestack or a
drain pipe

14. Which of the following is NOT one of 19. The _____ schooled by naturalist John
the five basic causes of environmental Muir, wanted wilderness areas on some
problems? public lands to be left untouched.
A. Public policsy A. Consumerist
B. Population growth B. Reservationist
C. Poverty C. Conservationist
D. Unsustainable resource use D. Preservationist

15. The three factors affecting the 20. Meeting the needs and aspirations of
environmental impact of the population in the people without compromising the
developing and developed countries are: ability of the future generations to meet
A. Population times technology impact theirs.
minus affluence A. Green development
B. Population plus affluence minus B. Sustainable development
technology impact C. Economic development
C. Population plus affluence plus D. Future development
technology impact
D. Population times affluence times
technology impact
 General Education Elective 1 - GEE 001
Quiz 2.1: Ecosystem: What They Are and They Work?

1. An ecosystem is made up of _____ C. The one-way flow of energy from the

A. Living things only sun
B. Living things and decaying matter D. Matter cycling
(MALI)
C. Physical environment only 5. Most of the solar energy that passes
D. Living things and physical through the atmosphere is _____
environment A. Reflected back into space (HINDI KO
SURE KUNG ITO TAMANG SAGOT)
2. Which of the following is an example of a B. Used to generate wind
population? C. Degraded into infrared radiation
A. Bass in a lake (MALI)
B. A patch of wood D. Captured by green plants
C. An ocean
D. Predator and prey in grassland 6. Which of the following is a limiting factor
for an aquatic life zone?
3. The biosphere _____ A. Depth of water (TAMANG SAGOT
A. Includes all the lithosphere DIN DAW ‘TO)
B. Includes non of the hydrosphere B. Size of population
C. Is the portion of the ocean in which C. Number of species
life exists D. Dissolved oxygen content
D. Includes some mantle
7. Phytoplankton in an open water
4. Which of the following is NOT one of the ecosystem are ____
three interconnected factors upon which A. Tertiary consumers
life on earth depends? B. Secondary consumers
A. Entropy C. Producers
B. Gravity D. Primary consumers
 D. Mesosphere

8. A decomposer is a type of ______

A. Secondary consumer
B. Producer
C. Detrivore (DETRITIVORE ATA
TAMANG SPELLING) 14. Which of the following is NOT included
D. Primary consumer in the great spheres of biosphere?/
A. Hydrosphere
9. What is the rate than an ecosystem’s B. Litosphere
producer convert energy into biomass? C. Atmosphere
A. Gross primary productivity D. Hemisphere
B. Gross producer’s productivity
C. Net primary productivity 15. The process which certain soil bacteria
D. Net producer’s productivity strip ammonia or ammonium of electron
and nitrate is released as reaction product,
10. Which of the biogeochemical cycles is then other soil bacteria use nitrate for
involved in producing fossil fuels? energy metabolism , yields nitrate is called
A. The carbon cycle (MALING SAGOT) ______.
B. The nitrogen cycle A. Absorption
C. The water cycle B. Nitrogen fixation
D. The phosphorus cycle C. Nitrification
D. Adsorption
11. The following are being done by human
to alter the hydrologic cycle EXCEPT 16. A summary of the different chemical
A. By draining and filling in wetlands, repositories where a particular element
which disturbs the renewal abilities resides, coupled with the pathways that
of the hydrologic cycle convert and transport the element from
B. By withdrawing fresh water one repository or form to another
resources faster than natural A. Biogeochemical cycle
processes replenish it B. Food chain
C. By replacing forests/vegetation with C. Food web
urban development-reducing D. Biological cycle
transpiration and increasing runoff
D. By extracting and burning fossil 17. What is the non-living component if
fuels at a much higher rate than ecosystem?
they naturally formed A. Abiotic
B. Heterotrophs
12. The _____ cycles through soils, rocks, C. Autotrophs
water and plants, but NOT through the D. Decomposers
atmosphere
A. Phosphorus cycle 18. It describes the distance, in steps, from
B. Sulfur the prime source, the sun
C. Carbon cycle A. Trophic level
D. Nitrogen cycle B. Ecosystem level
C. Biospectrum
13. The layer of the atmosphere where the D. Food chain
ozone layer is located.
A. Troposphere
B. Ionosphere
C. Stratosphere
19. The following are different repositories
of sulfur in sulfur cycle EXCEPT
A. From combustion of fossil fuels
B. From active volcanoes - as poisonous
hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide
gases
C. Through decomposition of organic
matter in wetlands
D. Via mining of ore deposits/ocean
sediments

20. A caterpillar eats a leaf, and a bird eats

the caterpillar. In this interaction, the bird is
a _____
A. Producer
B. Primary consumer
C. Herbivore
D. Secondary consumer

21-26. Answers:
1. Evapotranspiration
2. Condensation
3. Precipitation
4. Evaporation
5. Runoff
6. Infiltration

General Education Elective 1 - GEE 001

Quiz 3.1: Biodiversity and Evolution

1. In order for natural selection to occur

______ 3. The first phase of speciation is ______
A. The trait must not be heritable A. Reproductive isolation
B. Offspring must be larger than their B. Geographic isolation
parents C. Background extinction of predators
C. The trait must be uniformity for a D. Divergence of gene pools
trait in a population
D. The trait must lead to differential 4. What is the term used to describe the
reproduction small genetic changes that occur in a
population?
2. Ecologist say that niche is like a species’ A. Chemical evolution
______, while habitat is like its ______ B. Macroevolution
A. Education; occupation C. The theory of evolution
B. Family history; occupation D. Microevolution
C. Appearance; physiology
D. Occupation; address 5. A(n) ____ always has a narrow niche
 A. Alien species A. Evolution
B. Keystone species B. Mutation
C. Specialist species C. Selection
D. Generalist species
11. Evolution refers to ______
6. Most of what we know of the earth’s life A. Changes in a population’s genetic
history comes from _____ makeup through successive
A. Ice cores generations
B. Chemical analysis B. Changes in individual’s trait over time
C. Fossils C. Extinction of species that can no
D. DNA analysis longer compete
D. Survival of the fittest

12. A species of newt produces a toxin that

7. If environmental conditions are constant, can kill predators. Scientist have observed
______ are favored because they have that some garter snake can feed on the
fewer competitors. If environmental newts because they have a natural
conditions change rapidly, then the ____ is resistance to the toxin. In ares where
better off. populations of newts and garter snake
A. Generalist; specialist interact, which of the following predictions
B. Specialist; generalist is BEST supported by evolutionary theory?
C. Keystones; native A. That newts that produce low levels
D. Natives; specialist of toxin will also develop
camouflage adaptions that allow
8. Which of the following is the BEST them to hide from the garter snakes
example of natural selection? B. The grater snakes without resistance
A. The average toxin level in a to the toxin will acquire resistance
poisonous frog population by increasing the rate at which they
increases over time in response to feed on the newts
high predation C. The garter snakes with resistance to
B. The bone density of human increases the toxin will successfully
significantly as a result of reproduce and pass the trait on
participation in sports their offspring
C. The lifespan of chimpanzee is D. The newts will stop making the toxin
extended to 60 years in captivity rather than continue to use energy
D. The population size of giraffes to make a toxin that is ineffective
changes over time as a result of against garter snakes
immigration (MALI)
13. It occurs if the changes are over a very
9. In natural selection, three things must long time and are large enough that the
happen EXCEPT population is no longer able to breed with
A. Differential reproduction other populations of the original species, it
B. Rapid changing environment favors is considered a different species.
specialist species A. Macroevoletion
C. Trait is heritable B. Microevolution
D. Genetic variability in a trait within C. Chemical evolution
population D. The evolution theory (MALI)

10. Random changes in genetic code (DNA) 14. Genetic variability in a population arises
of an organism through _______
 A. Mutation genetic sequences of dogs and
B. Genetic drift foxes
C. Gene flow B. The body sizes of dogs and wolves
D. Natural selection (MALI) are more similar than the body of
dogs and foxes

17-20.

15. It occurs when mutation and change by

natural selection operate independently in
the gene pool of geographically isolated
populations
A. Background extinction of predators
B. Geographic isolation
C. Divergence of gene pools
D. Reproductive isolation

16. Scientific evidence shows that modern

dogs, wolves, and foxes all have a common
factors. Further evidence shows that dogs
are more closely related to wolves than to
foxes. Which of the following observations
provides the BEST evidence that dogs are Answers:
more closely related to wolves than to 1. C
foxes? 2. B
A. The genetic sequences of dogs and 3. D
wolves are more similar than the 4. A

General Education Elective 1 - GEE 001

Quiz 4.1: Species Interactions, Ecological Succession, and Population Control
Score: 24/25

1. The _______ occurs where A. Commensalism

communities or ecosystems have B. Mutualism
been disturbed, removed or C. Parasitism
destroyed, but retain some soil or D. Predation
bottom sediments.
A. Primary succession 3. When a population _____ the carrying
B. Secondary succession capacity, the population _____
C. Tertiary succession A. Overshoots; diebacks
D. Ternary succession B. Becomes scarce; increases
C. Diebacks; overshoots
2. The ____ occurs when one species feeds D. Increases; becomes scarce
on the body of, or the energy used by
another organism (host) - usually by living 4. What is the sum of all factors that limit
on or in the host the growth of a population?
 A. Carrying capacity water form the humid air and rain, and
B. Environmental resistance nutrients falling from the tree’s upper
C. Limiting factor leaves and limbs. Their presence apparently
D. Range of tolerance does not harm the tree. What type of
species interaction is illustrates by
5. A J-shaped curve is characteristics of epiphytes in tree?
A. Zero population growth A. Commensalism
B. Logistic growth B. Mutualism
C. Exponential growth C. Parasitism
D. A population that has overshot its D. Predation
carrying capacity

6. The normal, gradual change in species

composition in a given geographic area is
called _____
A. Ecological succession 11. Population change equals births plus
B. Environmental resistance immigration minus which of the following?
C. Limiting factor A. Deaths + immigration
D. Population density B. Deaths + emigration
C. Deaths only
7. The _____ is the number of individuals in D. Emigration only
a given geographic area
A. Carrying capacity 12. What is the maximum population of a
B. Limiting factor given species that a habitat can sustain
C. Population density indefinitely?
D. Range of tolerance A. Carrying capacity
B. Environmental resistance
8. Which of the following is NOT one of the C. Limiting factor
methods how the carnivores catch their D. Range of tolerance
prey?
A. Ambush 13. What are the species that reproduce
B. Attack with chemical warfare rapidly under favorable environmental
C. Camouflage conditions?
D. Walk up in their prey A. K-selected species
B. Opportunities
9. The ______ happen when populations of C. R-selected species
two different species interact over a long D. Reservationists
period of time, changes in the gene pool of
one species can lead to changes in the gene 14. Which of the following is an R-selected
pool of the other species?
A. Interspecific competition A. Red-tailed hawk
B. Ecological succession B. Redwood tree
C. Coevolution C. Black bear
D. Immigration D. Ragweed

10. Plants called epiphytes (air plant) attach 15. Generally, a species with a high intrinsic
themselves to the trunks or branches of rate of increase will _____
trees in tropical and subtropical forests. A. Be a K-selected species
Ephiphytes benefit by having a solid base B. Reproduce late in life
on which to grow in an elevated location C. Be a specialist
that gives them better access to sunlight, D. Produce many small offspring
 A. Environmental resistance; intrinsic
16. Populations of species can undergo rate of increase
exponential growth represented by a/an B. Intrinsic rate of increase; carrying
______ when resource supplies are capacity
plentiful. As resource supplies become C. Carrying capacity; environmental
limited, a population undergoes logistic resistance
growth, represented by a/an ______, when D. Environmental resistance; carrying
the size of the population approaches the capacity
carrying capacity of its habitat.
A. J-curve; population crash
B. S-shape curve; population crash
C. S-shaped curve; J-curve
D. J-curve; S-shaped curve

17. On land _____ is often the limiting

factor 22-25
A. Acidity
B. Precipitation
C. Salinity
D. Temperature

18. The ______ occurs when competing

species evolve specialized traits that allow
them to use shared resources at different
times, in different ways, or in different
places.
A. Coevolution
B. Ecological succession
C. Parasitism
D. Resource partitioning

19. Which of the following species is a K-

selected species?
A. Mouse Answers:
B. Blue whale 1. D
C. Dandelion 2. B
D. Cockroach 3. C
4. A
20. Oxpeckers ride on heads of impala. They
feed on parasitic ticks that infest animals
and warm of approaching predators. What
type of interaction is shown by these
species?
A. Commensalism
B. Mutualism
C. Parasitism
D. Predation

21. Biotic potential and _____ determine

______
 General Education Elective 1 - GEE 001
Quiz 5.1: The Human Population and Urbanization

1. Factors that affect birth rates and D. Fleeing religious persecution, ethnic
fertility rates include all EXCEPT conflicts, and war
which of the following factor?
A. Cost of raising and educating children 3. If age structure diagrams were drawn for
B. Fewer children to support senior the following countries, which would have
C. Women over 25 have more children the smallest base?
D. More family planning in urban areas A. China
B. Japan
2. Environmental refugees are those who C. Russia
emigrate because of ______ D. Afghanistan
A. Seeking jobs and economic
improvement 4. Over the last 100 years the human
B. Famine, drought, soil erosion or population grew because of red uced death
other environmental degradation rates. The following factors affecting death
C. War and environmental conflicts rates EXCEPT for
 A. Life expectancy increased _____ declines, and ______ grow more
B. Infant mortality rate drops slowly
C. Children as part of the labor force A. Immigration; population
D. Nutrition medicine and sanitation B. Poverty; population
improved C. Population; poverty
D. Poverty; immigration
5. Labor shortages and increased per capita
health care costs are associated with _____ 8. Human populations grow or decline
A. Rapid population decline through the interplay of births, deaths, and
B. Slow population decline ______
C. Slow population growth A. Migration
D. Rapid population growth B. Illness
C. Level of economic development
6. Smart growth tools can be used to D. Family planning
prevent or control urban growth and
sprawl. Which among the following falls 9. What is the average number of children
under “revitalization and new growth” born to women in a population during their
tools? reproductive years?
A. Concentrate developments along A. Birth rate
transportation routes B. Crude birth rate
B. Create greenbelts around cities C. Mortality rate
C. Prohibit certain types of D. Total fertility rate
developments
D. Build well-planned new towns and 10. The world’s most populous country is
villages within the city ______
A. Bangladesh
7. As countries industrialize and develop B. China
economically, per capita income rises, C. Nigeria
D. India