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Elizabethan drama pdf

The renaissance theatre in England saw the coming of the Elizabethan drama. The renaissance theatres were those that were opened during the time between Reformation and the closing down of theatres. Queen Elizabeth ruled England from 1558 – 1603, hence the drama of this era came to be known as Elizabethan
drama. Earlier, dramas were based on the bible stories, mystery, or had a moral attached to it and even tried to recreate Greek or Italian drama. However, during the Elizabethan period, drama branched out to political plays, comedy and historical content. It veered away from bible stories and tackled the reality. The
unique feature of Elizabethan drama is that one play was not played twice and certainly not within the same week. A new play was belted out almost every day. Range of Drama The theme of Elizabethan drama ranged from history of monarchs or the country including various European countries, tragedy, comedy and
something called revenge drama emerged which the audience quite liked. The historical plays included Richard III and Henry V, both written by William Shakespeare, Edward II by Richard Marlowe and Famous Chronicle of Edward King the First written by George Peele. These were particularly informative and also
informative for those who had not or were unable to read about the history of England. A Larum for London was something like a current event play which was written by an unknown author. It was the very first of its kind to be presented in London and its roots were in the Elizabethan theatre. Comedy was a genre
appreciated by the audience. A number of sub genres of comedy drama emerged in the Elizabethan drama. Some of them are the Shoe maker’s Holiday by Thomas Dekker and A chaste maid in cheapside by Thomas Middleton. City comedy was one of the sub branches of comedies that emerged in the Elizabethan
theatre. It contained slick and sarcastic depiction of life in a city, namely, London. Ben Johnson wrote the alchemist which presented society without the rose coloured glasses. Elizabethan Drama Tragicomedy breathed its first in early 1600s in the Elizabethan drama. The audience loved a good tragedy. And who better
than the most eminent of all playwrights, William Shakespeare, to deliver a heart wrenching drama. Titus Andronicus, Othello, Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet and many more. John Webster’s The Duchess of Malfi was received with great adulation. Elizabethan drama differs from Jacobean Drama as the latter was named
during the rule of King James I. Although, Jacobean drama was more like a continuation of Elizabethan drama, it was more intense and more intelligent. The plays became more complicated, tackling burning issues and portrayed more emotions, intensity, and aggression. The White Devil written by John Webster is an
excellent example of Jacobean drama. More Info On-Elizabethan Era Dramas, Audiences, Dancing and Music, Plays, Plays stage and theater Renaissance was the period, which was evolved during the tenure of Elizabeth I. Literary prospect of this tenure is worth mentioning. Elizabethan period is famous and can be
remembered because of the development in every field of life. Although, the progress of renaissance was slow yet this period is remembered because of the growth of literature. People increased their interest in dramas and university graduates, who were educated, can write and earn by showing their mastery in writing
plays. Some of the university wits are remembered because of their immense interest in this field. Prior to Elizabeth’s period, people did not show interest in the plays as they were mostly moral and religious plays but with the emergence of new minds, people started gaining interest in plays and most of the free time,
which the spent, was the theaters.It was the period, when England consolidated and many people migrated to London, therefor,keeping in view the interest of the people in drama, theaters were built. Elizabeth herself was also fond of drama; therefore, apart from the theaters, plays were also performed at royal court.
Before the period of Elizabeth, moral plays were popular but the trend was discarded with the rise of new minds in this fields. To resolve a mystery, the vengeance for a crime and seeking morality was not enough for the people and adding new categories in drama was the need of hour. Today’swell-known artist had
developed their interest in writing plays and thus they added new categories of plays.Moral plays were limited and they were not enough to present human nature in different ways. Furthermore, seeking morality, only through miracle plays, was not sufficient for the people. In Elizabethan period, categories like comedy,
tragedy, romances and history were added, which compelled the people to attend theater in order to learn the all prospects of life. University wits began to write plays and they became prominent because of their different style of writing. Some prominent writers among them are Thomas Kyd and Christopher Marlow
followed by Shakespeare. These writers are as fresh today as they were in that era because of their universal style. Some other play writers of Elizabethan period are John Lyly, Ben Johnson, George Peele and Robert Greene. These were the writers, who transformed the taste of dramas by their writing styles. For
instance, Ben Jonson is known because of his cynical comedy. Thomas Kyd and Christopher Marlow are best recognized because of their tragedies. Christopher Marlow was prominent as compared to Thomas Kyd because of the usage of blank verse in his plays. Some notable plays of Christopher Marlow are
Tamburlaine, Dr. Faustus and Jew of Malta. However, Dr. Faust is noticeable among them, in which a scholar because of his ambitions faces the downfall. Elizabethan period is best because of the development in every filed of life but when it comes to history of English literature, the tenure of Elizabeth is also known as
the age of Shakespeare because of the work of this great writer. Christopher Marlow and Shakespeare both have resemblance in their plays. Even sometimes, it has been said that “no Marlow, no Shakespeare”. Christopher Marlow lived very short life but his name was remembered because of his talent. Nevertheless,
Shakespeare’s early life is not clear but his immediate popularity in the field of drama is worth mentioning; his plays are usually divided into four main categories, which are history, comedy, romances and tragedy. Nonetheless, he cannot bound himself to only one category; therefore, he combines comedy with tragedy,
romance with comedy and tragedy with history. Shakespeare’s most popular tragedies are King Lear, Macbeth, Othello and Hamlet. His plays are still adopted by the film industry because of their universality. Say it Elizabethan period or the age of Shakespeare but it was the time when the writers had the time to show
their hidden talents because of the emergence of theaters in London. Every writer showed his talent in form of writing plays with different thematic concept but Shakespeare was the one whose plays were mostly concerned with historical incidents and Greek concepts. Whereas, his comedies and romances are
imaginative. Aristotle’s concept regarding the belonging of protagonist from upper class was ignored and the writers had proved that the element of catharsis could be fulfilled while portraying the hero from the upper middle class or lower class. The three unities had also been underestimate by the writers. For instance, in
Shakespeare’s “The Winter’s Tale” and Christopher Marlow’s “Dr. Faustus”, unity of time had been underestimated by these two great writers. Any article, on Elizabethan drama, can never be concluded without mention the name and work of all the writers of Elizabethan period. Major writers of that era are; John Lyly
(1554-1606), who is famous for his combination of prose and poetic romances. His romance called“Euphues” is masterwork. Robert Greene(1558-1992) is known because of his simple and easy versification, influent style, classic ornaments and his comic humor. His interesting plays are; “The Honourable History of Friar
Bacon and Friar Bungay”, “The Comical History of Alphonsus King of Aragon”, “A Looking Glass for London and England”, “The History of Orlondo Furioso” and “The Scottish History of James, the Fourth”. Similarly, the last one among them is John Webster (1580-1634), who is best known for his tragedies. His “The
White Devil” and “Duchess of Malfi” are regarded as masterpiece of all times. Thus, if Elizabethan period is known as the age of renaissance besides the age of Shakespeare then it is because of the evolution of drama. In this period, amongst all the other writers, Shakespeare was prominent figure because of his
masterful dexterity. By setting aside the only genre of religious play, writers have introduced new genres to dramas such as comedy and tragedy. The plays, before Elizabethan, were religious focusing only on moral theme but the Elizabethan dramas are more secular and convenient, focusing on the heroic figure.In a
nutshell, Shakespeare’s mastery, Ben Johnson’s satirical comedy, and Christopher Marlow’s tragedies made the Elizabethan drama a remarkable piece of literature.Hence, it is admitted fact that as far as the plays are concerned, Elizabeth era was the golden age for the world of English literature. Elizabethan drama was
the dominant art form that flourished during and a little after the reign of Elizabeth I, who was Queen of England from 1558 to 1603. Before, drama consisted of simple morality plays and interludes, which were skits performed at the banquets of the Queen’s father Henry VIII or at public schools at Eton. The Elizabethan
era saw the birth of plays that were far more morally complex, vital and diverse. As with the interludes, the earliest Elizabethan plays were put on for university students. They were modelled after the comedies of the Roman playwrights Plautus and Terence and the tragedies of Seneca. The First Playhouses and First
Playwrights In 1576, James Burbage, an actor and theatre-builder, built the first successful English playhouse in London on land he had leased in Shoreditch. It was simply called The Theatre and was supported by young playwrights from Cambridge and Oxford Universities. These young men became known as the
University Wits and included Thomas Kyd, Robert Green, John Lyly, Thomas Nash and George Peele. The play The Spanish Tragedy, written by Kyd, was the template for the gory “tragedy of blood,” plays that became wildly popular. Another theatre called The Curtain had to be built to accommodate the overflow
audiences. The technical name for such as theatre was an easer. Burbage also had a house in Blackfriars which had a roof. Because of this, it was used for plays during the winter. Burbage’s son Richard was an even more famous actor and performed just about every major role in William Shakespeare’s plays. He was
lauded for his roles in the tragedies. The only thing that stopped the plays was the plague, and the theatres were dark from June, 1592 to April, 1594. The Audience and Actors Elizabethan theatre itself was notoriously raucous. People, most of whom stood throughout the play, talked back to the actors as if they were real
people. Hints of this can be discerned even in Shakespeare’s plays. It is true that adolescent boy actors played female roles, and the performances were held in the afternoon because there was no artificial light. There was also no scenery to speak of, and the costumes let the audience know the social status of the
characters. Because sumptuary laws restricted what a person could wear according to their class, actors were licensed to wear clothing above their station. Shakespeare More and more theatres grew up around London and eventually attracted Shakespeare, who wrote some of the greatest plays in world literature. His
plays continue to cast a shadow over all other plays of the era and quite possibly all other plays that came after his. But Shakespeare was not the first great playwright of the Elizabethan age. That would be Christopher Marlowe. Many scholars believe that Marlowe might have rivalled Shakespeare had he not been
murdered when he was 29 years old in a fight over a tavern bill in 1593. He was the first to change the conventions of the early Elizabethan plays with his tales of overreachers like the title character of Tamburlaine the Great, Dr. Faustus and Barabas in The Jew of Malta, men whose will to power provided the engines for
the plays. Marlowe used blank, or unrhymed verse in a new, dynamic way that changed the very psychology of dramaturgy. In the meantime, Peele and Lyly were writing light comedies and fantasies such as Endymion. These plays were performed at court, which were not only patrons but protected the companies from
the wrath of the Puritans, who found theatre sinful. One of the companies who performed at court, the Lord Chamberlain’s Men, had Shakespeare as a member. This company became the King’s Men under the patronage of James I. The Globe Theatre The Puritan reaction against the stage was such that the players
had to set up theatres outside the London city limits on the south side of the Thames, but attending plays remained popular among non-Puritans. The most famous of these theatres, which became the Lord Chamberlain’s Men home, was the Globe Theatre. It was established in 1599 and was actually a new iteration of
The Theatre, which Richard Burbage and his brother Cuthbert had moved and reassembled. In between the closing of The Theatre and the opening of The Globe, the Chamberlain’s Men performed at The Curtain. The Globe premiered some of Shakespeare’s greatest plays, including Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth and King
Lear. It’s very design influenced the design of other theatres, but unfortunately The Globe was destroyed in a fire during a performance of Shakespeare’s Henry VIII, which was his final play and of such inferior quality that some scholars don’t believe it was written by him at all. The Globe was rebuilt in 1614 and remained
standing until 1644 when it was demolished to make room for housing. The Armada Historians believe that the flowering of Elizabethan drama was due in part to the burst of patriotic confidence and national identity that erupted after England’s victory over the Spanish Armada in 1588. This was a fleet of ships assembled
by Philip II of Spain to conquer England. The conquest failed through a combination of hubris, bad weather, English ingenuity and some help from the Dutch. It might not be a coincidence that Shakespeare began to contribute in earnest to Elizabethan dramaturgy around 1588, when he was 24, though he’d arrived in
London from his home in Stratford on Avon around 1585 to seek work as an actor. As a playwright, he gave Marlowe’s blank verse more range, flexibility and subtlety. He responded to the patriotic mood of the country with his History plays. Besides these plays, of course, were his magnificent comedies and tragedies.
Late Elizabethan Drama Ben Jonson was a friend of Shakespeare and considered his chief rival after the death of Marlowe. However, Jonson followed the strict classical form that was a hallmark of ancient Latin drama. His plays include Vulpine, or the Fox and The Alchemist. Other dramatists of the late Elizabethan
period, which continued after her death, included John Webster, Francis Beaumont and John Fletcher. Richard Burbage also acted in the plays of Jonson, Beaumont and Fletcher as well as Shakespeare. By 1600, three years before Elizabeth died, the robustness of Elizabethan drama began to fade. After Shakespeare’s
retirement after 1612 and his death in 1616, Elizabethan drama was no more. Link/cite this page If you use any of the content on this page in your own work, please use the code below to cite this page as the source of the content. Hanson, Marilee. "Elizabethan Theatre"

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