ARNOBIT, Ivan Louis C.

3651 CHEM 1221 LEC ANACHEM

1 BSChE – 3 2220318 7:30-9:30 MW; (2ND SEM 2022)

ASSIGNMENT 2

1. What is the percent by weight concentration of Na2SO4 in a solution made by dissolving

7.60 g Na2SO4 in enough water to give 87.3 g of solution?

Given: mNa2SO4 = 7.60 g Required: %w/wNa2SO4 = ?

msol’n = 87.3 g

Solution:

%w/wNa2SO4 = 8.7056 %

2. In the treatment of illnesses in the human body, a 0.92% w/v% NaCl solution is to be
administered intravenously. How many grams of NaCl are required to prepare 345 mL of this
solution?

Given: %w/v = 0.92 % Required: mNaCl = ?

Vsol’n = 345 mL

Solution:
( )( )
mNaCl = 3.174 g

3. The density of a solution of 5.0 gram toluene and 22.5 grams of benzene is 8.76 g/mL.
Calculate :

Given: mC7H8 = 5.0 g mC6H6 = 22.5 g Required: a. M b. %w/wC6H6

ρ sol’n = 8.76 g/mL c. n%C6H6

Solution:
a. Molarity
MWC7H8 = 7(12) + 8 = 92 g/mol MWC6H6 = 6(12) + 6 = 78 g/mol

ol
( )( )

M = 17.3123 M

b. Percent weight of benzene

%w/wC6H6 = 81.8182 %
 c. Percent mole of benzene

%n = 84.1463 %

4. A 2.5 gram sample of ground water was found to contain 5.4 microgram of Zn +2, what is this
concentration in parts per million.

Given: mH2O = 2.5 g Required: ppm = ?

mZn+2 = 5.4 μ 6 μ x -6 g

Solution:
pp pp
ppm = 2.16 ppm

5. Determine the molarities of the following solutions:

a. 2.37 moles of KNO3 are dissolved in enough water to give 650 mL of solution.

Given: nKNO3 = 2.37 mol Required: M =?

Vsol’n = 650 mL = 0.65 L

Solution:
M = 3.6462 M

b. 25.0 g of NaOH are dissolved in enough water to give 2.50 L of solution.

Given: mNaOH = 25.0 g Vsol’n = 2.50 L Required: M = ?

Solution:
MWNaOH = 23 + 16 + 1 = 40 g/mol
M = 0.25 M
( )

6. Express in formality the concentration of each of the following solutions:

a. 28.4% NH3 by weight, having a density of 0.808 g/mL

Given: %w/wNH3 = 28.4% Required: F = ?

ρ
 Solution: Basis of 100 g solution
( )( )

MWNH3 = 14 + 3 = 17 g/mol

( )( )

F = 13.4984 F

b. 36.0 % HCl by weight, having a density of 1.19 g/mL

Given: %w/wHCl = 36.0% Required: F = ?

ρ

Solution: Basis of 100 g solution

( )( )

MWHCl = 1 + 35 = 36 g/mol

( )( )

F = 11.9 F

7. How many grams of solute are in 500 mL of 6F HCl?

Given: Vsol’n = 500 mL = 0.5 L Required: mHCl = ?

F = 6F

Solution:
MWHCl = 1 + 35 = 36 g/mol

sol’n ( )( )
mHCl = 108 g

8. Calculate the molality of a solution made by dissolving 10.0 g AgNO 3 (MW = 169.9) in 275 g
of water.

Given: mAgNO3 = 10.0 g mH2O = 275 g = 0.275 kg Required: m = ?

MWAgNO3 = 169.9 g/mol

Solution:

( )
m = 0.214 m
9. A 4.10 molal solution of H2SO4 has a density of 1.21 g/mL. What is the molar concentration
of the solution? What is the normality?

Given: m = 4.10 m ρ Required: a. M = ? b. N = ?

Solution: Basis of 1 kg solvent

MWH2SO4 = 2 + 32 + 4(16) = 98 g/mol
n sol n ol ol
ol

a. Molarity

( )( )

M = 3.539 M

b. Normality
( )( )
1
N = 7.078 N

10. Five grams calcium hydroxide is dissolved in 950 mL of water. Determine the ff:

Given: mCa(OH)2 = 5g VH2O = 950 mL Required: a. %wsol b. %nsol

c. M d. N e. m
f. ppmsol g. SG h. ρ
Solution:
a. % weight solute

( )

b. % mol solute
MWCa(OH)2 = 40 + 2(16+1) = 74 g/mol MWH2O = 2 + 16 = 18 g/mol

%n = 0.1279 %

c. Molarity

( ) ( )

M = 0.0711 M
 d. Normality
( )( )
N = 0.1422 N

e. Molality

( )
m = 0.0711 m

f. ppm solute
pp pp
ppm = 5235. 6021 ppm

g. Specific gravity
⁄
SG = 1.005

h. Density
ρ

11. Calculate the equivalent weight of the following solutes:

a. Na3PO4 Required: eq wt. = ?

MW = 3(23) + 31 + 4(16) = 164 g/mol f = 3 eq/mol

q eq wt. = 54.6667

b. H2SO4 Required: eq wt. = ?

MW = 2 + 32 + 4(16) = 98 g/mol f = 2 eq/mol

q eq wt. = 49

c. Al(OH) 3 Required: eq wt. = ?

MW = 27 + 3(16+1) = 78 g/mol f = 3 eq/mol

q eq wt. = 26

12. Calculate the normality of the solution that results when 4.00 g of Al(NO 3)3 (MW = 213.0) is
dissolved in enough water to give 250.0 mL of solution.

Given: mAl(NO3)3 = 4.00 g MW = 213.0 g/mol Required: N = ?

Vsol’n = 250.0 mL = 0.25 L f = 3 eq/mol
 Solution:
N = 0.2254 N
( )

13. A solution contains 10.0 g of glucose (MW= 180) and 85.0 g of water. What is the mole
fraction of glucose in the solution? What is the mole percent glucose in the solution?

Given: mglu = 10.0 g MWglu = 180 g/mol Required: a. yi = ? b. %n = ?

mH2O = 85.0 g MWH2O = 18 g/mol

Solution:
a. Mole fraction of glucose
⁄
yi = 0.0116

b. Mole% of glucose
n
%n = 1.1628 %

14. What are the mole fractions of ethyl alcohol, C 2H5OH and water, in a solution made by
dissolving 11.5 g of ethanol in 27 g water?

Given: meth = 11.5 g MWH2O = 18 g/mol Required: yi (ethanol and H2O) = ?

mH2O = 27 g

Solution:
MWeth = 2(12) + 6 + 16 = 46 g/mol

⁄
yeth = 0.1429
⁄
yeth = 0.8571

15. What volume of concentrated HCl should be used to prepare 500.0 mL of a 3.00 M HCl
solution? Concentrated HCl solution is 12.0 M.

Given: M1 = 12.0 M M2 = 3.00 M Required: V 1 = ?

V2 = 500.0 mL

Solution:
V1 = 125 mL
16. A solution of H2SO4 containing 50.0% H2SO4 by mass has a density of 1.40 g/mL. Express
its concentration in terms of mole fraction, mole percent, molarity, molality and normality.

Given: %w/wSA = 50.0 % Required: a. Yi = ? b. %n = ? c. M = ?

ρ d. m = ? e. N = ?

Solution: Basis of 100 g solution

mH2SO4 = 0.5(100 g) = 50 g mH2O = 100g – 50g = 50 g
MWH2SO4 = 98 g/mol MWH2O = 18 g/mol

a. Mole fraction
⁄
YSA = 0.1552

b. Mole percent
n %
%n = 15.5172 %

c. Molarity
ol
( )( )

M = 7.1429 M

d. Molality

( )

m = 10.2041 m

e. Normality
( )( )
N = 14.2857 N

17. How many grams of solute are required to prepare each of the following aqueous solutions?
a. 500.00 mL of a 0.500M urea solution , CO (NH2)2

Given: Vsol’n = 500.00 mL M = 0.500 M Required: msolute = ?

= 0.5 L

Solution:
MW = 12 + 16 + 2(14+2) = 60 g/mol
sol n ( )( )
msolute = 15 g
 b. 500.0 mL of 1.50 N H3PO4 solution

Given: Vsol’n = 500.0 mL N = 1.50 N Required: msolute = ?

= 0.5 L f = 3 eq/mol

Solution:
MW = 3 + 31 + 4(16) = 98 g/mol
( ) ( )( )

msolute = 24.5 g

c. 1.0 liter of a 2.0 M CaBr2 solution

Given: Vsol’n = 1.0 L M = 2.0 M Required: msolute = ?

Solution:
MW = 40 + 2(80) = 200 g/mol
sol n ( )( )
msolute = 400 g

d. 1.0 kg of a 5.0 % by mass glucose, C 6H12O6

Given: msol’n = 1.0 kg %w/w = 5.0% Required: msolute = ?

= 1000 g

Solution:
( )
msolute = 50 g

18. What is the normality of each of the following solutions as an acid or as a base?
a. 2.0 liters of 18M H2SO4 diluted to 100 liters

Given: V1 = 2.0 L M1 = 18 M Required: N =?

V2 = 100 L f = 2 eq/mol
Solution:
( )
N = 0.72 N

b. 140 mL of a 12 M HCl diluted to 2.0 liters

Given: V1 = 140 mL = 0.14 L M1 = 12 M Required: N =?

V2 = 2.0 L f = 1 eq/mol
Solution:
( )
N = 0.84 N
19. How many grams of ethanol are there in a liter-volume of wine (D = 0.934 g/mL) that is
12.0% by mass ethanol, C 2H5OH? 12% by volume ethanol?( D of pure ethanol = 0.789 g
/mL).

Given: %v/v = 12% ρ wine = 0.934 g/mL Required: meth = ?

%w/w= 12.0% ρ eth = 0.789 g/mL

Solution: Basis of 1 L solution

( )( ) ( )
meth = 112.08 g

( )( )

ρ ( ) meth = 94.68 g

20. What is the molarity of concentrated HBr solution if the acid is 48.0% by mass HBr? ( D=
1.50 g/ mL)

Given: %w/w = 48.0 % ρ Required: M = ?

Solution: Basis of 100 g solution

( )( )

MW = 1 + 80 = 81 g/mol

( )( )

M = 8.8889 M

21. What volume of concentrated HNO 3 should be used to prepare 1.0 liter of 0.15M HNO 3?
Concentrated HNO 3 is 70.0 % by mass HNO 3 with a density of 1.42 g/mL .

Given: V2 = 1.0L M2 = 0.15M Required: V 1 = ?

%w/w = 70.0% ρ

Solution: Basis of 100 g solution

MW = 1 + 14 + 3(16) = 63 g/mol
( )( )

( )( )

V1 = 9.507 mL
22. A 100mL sample of concentrated H2SO4 is diluted with water until the final volume is 500
mL. Concentrated H2SO4 is 96.0% by mass with a density of 1.84 g/mL. What is the
normality and molarity of the new solution?

Given: V1 = 100 mL V2 = 500 mL Required: a. M2 = ?

%w/w = 96.0% ρ b. N2 = ?

Solution: Basis of 100 mL solution

MW = 98 g/mol
ρ ( )
( )( )

a. Molarity

( )

M2 = 3.6049 M

b. Normality
( )( ) N2 = 7.2098 N

23. Commercial aqueous nitric acid has a specific gravity of 1.42 and is 16M. Calculate the %
HNO3 by mass in the solution.

Given: SG = 1.42 M = 16 M ρ H2O = 1g/mL Required: %w/wHNO3 = ?

Solution: Basis of 100 g solution

MW = 63 g/mol
sol n ( )( )( )

24. Propylene glycol, C3H6(OH)2, is sometimes used in automobile antifreeze solutions. If an

aqueous solution has a mole fraction of propylene glycol equal to 0.10, calculate : a) %
propylene glycol by mass; b) molality of the solution.

Given: ypg = 0.10 Required: a. %w/wpg b. m = ?

Solution: Basis of 1 mol solution

MWpg = 3(12) + 6 + 2(16+1) = 76 g/mol MWH2O = 18 g/mol
 n ( ) n ol ol nH2O = 1 – 0.1 mol = 0.9 mol

a. Percent by mass C3H6(OH)2

( )( ) ( )
( )( ) ( ) ( )

b. Molality
m = 4.2017 m
( )

25. Caffeine, C8H10N4O2, is a stimulant found in coffee and tea. If a solution of caffeine in
chloroform , CHCl3, as a solvent has a concentration of 0.085 molal, calculate: a) % caffeine
by mass, b) mole fraction of caffeine.

Given: m = 0.085 m Required: a. %w/wcaf = ?

b. ycaf = ?
Solution: Basis of 1kg solution
n sol n ( ) ol
MWcaf = 8(12) + 10 + 4(14) + 2(16) = 194 g/mol

a. Percent by mass caffeine

( )

b. Mole fraction of caffeine

* ol ( )+
MWchl = 12 + 1 + 3(35) = 118 g/mol

( )