Scribd
Upload
132 views3 pages

Resulting Force Due To Mass Flow and Flow Velocity

The document discusses equations to calculate the resulting force on a bend in piping due to mass flow and flow velocity or static pressure. The resulting force is calculated as the sum of forces in the x and y directions. It provides example calculations for a 90 degree bend with a 102mm diameter subjected to a water flow of 5m/s or internal pressure of 1330kPa.

Uploaded by

Learning Learning
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
132 views3 pages

Resulting Force Due To Mass Flow and Flow Velocity

The document discusses equations to calculate the resulting force on a bend in piping due to mass flow and flow velocity or static pressure. The resulting force is calculated as the sum of forces in the x and y directions. It provides example calculations for a 90 degree bend with a 102mm diameter subjected to a water flow of 5m/s or internal pressure of 1330kPa.

Uploaded by

Learning Learning
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Resulting force due to Mass flow and Flow Velocity

The resulting force in x-direction due to mass flow and flow velocity can be expressed as:

Rx = m v (1 - cosβ)                          (1)

    = ρ A v2 (1 - cosβ)                            (1b)

    = ρ π (d / 2)2 v2 (1 - cosβ)                           (1c)

Where

Rx = resulting force in x-direction (N)

m = mass flow (kg/s)

v = flow velocity (m/s)

β = turning bend angle (degrees)

ρ = fluid density (kg/m3)

d = internal pipe or bend diameter (m)

π = 3.14...

The resulting force in y-direction due to mass flow and flow velocity can be expressed as:

Ry = m v sinβ                            (2)

    = ρ A v2 sinβ                            (2b)

    = ρ π (d / 2)2 v2 sinβ                           (2c)   

Ry = resulting force in y direction (N)

The resulting force on the bend due to force in x- and y-direction can be expressed as:

R = (Rx2 + Ry2)1/2                           (3)

where

R = resulting force on the bend (N)


Resulting force on a bend due to mass flow and flow velocity
The resulting force on a 90o bend with

 diameter 102 mm = 0.102 m
 water with density 440 kg/m3
 flow velocity 5 m/s

can be calculated by as 

Resulting force in x-direction:

Rx = (440 kg/m3) π ((0.102 m) / 2)2 (5 m/s)2 (1 - cos(90))

    = 91 (N)

Resulting force in y-direction:

Ry = (440 kg/m3) π ((0.102 m) / 2)2 (5 m/s)2 sin(90)

    = 91 (N)

Resulting force on the bend

R = (91 (N)2 + 91 (N)2)1/2 

    = 128 (N)

Note - if β is 90o the resulting forces in x- and y-directions are the same.

Resulting force due to Static Pressure


The pressure "acting" on the end surfaces of the bend creates resulting forces in x- and y-
directions.

The resulting force in x-direction can be expressed as

Rpx = p A (1- cos β)                             (4)   

    = p π (d / 2)2 (1- cos β)                            (4b)

where

Rpx = resulting force due to pressure in x-direction (N)

p = gauge pressure inside pipe (Pa, N/m2)

The resulting force in y-direction can be expressed as

Rpy = p π (d / 2)2 sinβ                               (5)

where
Rpy = resulting force due to pressure in y-direction (N)

The resulting force on the bend due to force in x- and y-direction can be expressed as:

Rp = (Rpx2 + Rpy2)1/2                           (6)

where

Rp = resulting force on the bend due to static pressure (N)

Resulting force on a bend due to pressure


The resulting force on a 90o bend with

 diameter 102 mm = 0.102 m
 pressure 1330 kPa

can be calculated by as 

Resulting force in x-direction:

Rx = (1330 kPa) π ((0.102 m) / 2)2 (1 - cos(90))

    = 10868 (N)

Resulting force in y-direction:

Ry = (1330 kPa) π (0.102 (m) / 2)2 sin(90)

    = 10868 (N)

Resulting force on the bend

R = (10868 (N)2 + 10868(N)2)1/2 

    = 15370 (N)

You might also like