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Lecture 2 - 2 (Part 2) - Week 3 Intro To Design Aspects

This document discusses key aspects of transportation engineering design for roads. It covers three main topics: 1) structural design of roads including subgrade, sub-base, base, and surface courses; 2) road cross-section considerations such as camber, carriageway width, and pavement surface; and 3) geometrical considerations including road alignments, vertical and horizontal curves, and super elevation. The document is from a transportation engineering course at Abasyn University in Peshawar, Pakistan.

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Kika Calafat
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33 views21 pages

Lecture 2 - 2 (Part 2) - Week 3 Intro To Design Aspects

This document discusses key aspects of transportation engineering design for roads. It covers three main topics: 1) structural design of roads including subgrade, sub-base, base, and surface courses; 2) road cross-section considerations such as camber, carriageway width, and pavement surface; and 3) geometrical considerations including road alignments, vertical and horizontal curves, and super elevation. The document is from a transportation engineering course at Abasyn University in Peshawar, Pakistan.

Uploaded by

Kika Calafat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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I

Week 3: Introduction to Design Aspects

Course:
CE-309 Transportation Engineering-I

Course Instructor:
Engr. Muhammad Umair Khan
M.Sc Urban Infrastructure Engineering (UET Peshawar)
Lecturer/ Lab Coordinator
Department of Civil Engineering

Abasyn University, Peshawar


1
Table of Contents

1. Structural Design
2. Road Cross-section
Considerations
3. Geometrical
Considerations

CE-309 Transportation Engineering-I, Abasyn University, Peshawar 2


Structural Design of
01 a Road

3
Structural Components of a Road

CE-309 Transportation Engineering-I, Abasyn University, Peshawar 4


Subgrade
• Subgrade consists of compacted earthwork

• It is the soil foundation of the road which receives traffic loads from pavement
and transfers to the natural ground safely

• Entire road structure rests on subgrade, therefore its failure affects the
performance of entire road

CE-309 Transportation Engineering-I, Abasyn University, Peshawar 5


Sub-base Course
• The sub-base performs four main functions:

1. It provides a structural layer that distributes loads to the subgrade.

2. It provides a working platform for construction traffic and a paving platform on


to which the asphalt materials can be placed and compacted.

3. It acts as an insulating layer or lift protecting the subgrade from frost.

4. It provides a drainage layer to remove some water from the pavement.

CE-309 Transportation Engineering-I, Abasyn University, Peshawar 6


Base Course
• The base course is the most important layer of a road structure which transfers
the stresses developed due to traffic impacts through the wearing course. The
base course layer provides the required foundation stiffness and structural
strength.

• Good quality crushed aggregates in line with technical specifications must be


used.

CE-309 Transportation Engineering-I, Abasyn University, Peshawar 7


Surface Course or Wearing Course
• Surface course is multiple layers of pavement structure where the top layer is
directly exposed to traffic. The surface course is also called the wearing course

• For flexible pavements, the bituminous surface is the wearing course whereas
in rigid pavement the concrete surface act as the base course and wearing
course

CE-309 Transportation Engineering-I, Abasyn University, Peshawar 8


Structural Design Methods
• There are two major pavement thickness analysis methodologies:

1. Experimental/Statistical method of AASHTO


2. Mechanistic/Empirical Method by Asphalt Institute and the Portland Cement
Association

CE-309 Transportation Engineering-I, Abasyn University, Peshawar 9


Typical Road
02 Cross-Section and
its Components

10
Typical Cross-Section of a Road

CE-309 Transportation Engineering-I, Abasyn University, Peshawar 11


Camber
• Surface protection especially for gravel and bituminous roads

• Sub-grade protection by proper drainage

• Quick drying of pavement which in turn increases safety

• Too steep slope is undesirable for it will erode the surface.

• Camber is measured in 1 in n or n% and the value depends on the type of


pavement surface.

CE-309 Transportation Engineering-I, Abasyn University, Peshawar 12


Types of Cambers

CE-309 Transportation Engineering-I, Abasyn University, Peshawar 13


Carriageway Width
• Width of the carriage way or the width of the pavement depends on the width of
the traffic lane and number of lanes.

CE-309 Transportation Engineering-I, Abasyn University, Peshawar 14


Pavement Surface Characteristics
• For safe and comfortable driving some aspects of the pavement surface are
important:

1. the friction between the wheels and the pavement surface

2. smoothness of the road surface

3. drainage to water

CE-309 Transportation Engineering-I, Abasyn University, Peshawar 15


Kerbs
• Kerbs indicate the boundary between the carriage way and the shoulder or
footpaths

CE-309 Transportation Engineering-I, Abasyn University, Peshawar 16


Geometrical
03 Considerations

17
Road Alignments

CE-309 Transportation Engineering-I, Abasyn University, Peshawar 18


Vertical and Horizontal Curve

CE-309 Transportation Engineering-I, Abasyn University, Peshawar 19


Super Elevation

CE-309 Transportation Engineering-I, Abasyn University, Peshawar 20


CE-309 Transportation Engineering-I, Abasyn University, Peshawar 21

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