BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign
SmartCtrlTutorial
BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign
PowersimInc. www.powersimtech.com
BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign SmartCtrl1isageneralpurposecontrollerdesignsoftwarespecificallyforpowerelectronicsapplications. Thistutorialisintendedtoguideyou,stepbystep,todesignthecontrolloopsofaPFC(powerfactor correction)boostconverterwiththeSmartCtrlSoftware. TheexampleusedinthistutorialisthePFCboostconvertercircuitthatcomeswiththePSIMexample set(thePSIMfileisUC3854_PFC.schunderthefolderexamples\PWMIC).ThePSIMschematicis shownbelow:
Lm Iin Lf 300u Vin 324Vpk 50Hz Cf 1u Rcs 0.25 Rpk2 1.8k Rmo 3.9k Rci 10k Rs Cpk 100pF Rpk1 10k Rcz 6.66432K 100 R1 30k Do 15 1 Q Co 450uF Rload 592 Vo
1mH
V v_io
V Vcc
Ccz 1.59211n
Currentregulator
RVAC 620k RB1 150k RFF1 910k RFF2 91k CFF1 0.1uF RFF3 20k CFF2 0.47uF
1 2 3 4 5 6
UC3854
16 15 14 13 12
C2 1u
C1 100u
CT 1.2n Css 1n Rset 10k RENA 22k
11 10 9
Vvea
7 8
RVF 14.2082K
CVF 356.753n C3 1uF
10k
RVI 26.1667K
Voltageregulator
RVD 0.5k
Thecircuitincludestheinnercurrentloopandtheoutervoltageloop.Thecurrentloopregulator parametersaretheresistanceRczandthecapacitanceCcz,andthevoltageregulatorparametersare theresistanceRVFandthecapacitanceCVF,highlightedinthereddottedboxesabove. Letsassumethatthesevaluesareunknown.Theobjectiveistodesignthecurrent/voltageregulators usingtheSmartCtrlsoftware.Thedesignprocedureisdescribedbelow. Tobeginthedesignprocess,inSmartCtrl,clickontheicon,orfromtheDatamenu,select Predefinedtopologies>AC/DCconverters>PFCBoostconverter. Thedialogwindowwillappearasfollows.
SmartCtrliscopyrightin2010byCarlosIIIUniversityofMadrid,GSEPPowerElectronicsSystemsGroup,Spain
PowersimInc. www.powersimtech.com
BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign
ThePFCboostconverteriscontrolledbyadoubleloopcontrolscheme.Theinnerloopisacurrentloop, and the outer loop is a voltage loop. Note that the PFC boost converter design must be carried out sequentially.TheSmartCtrlprogramwillguideyouthroughthisprocess.
InnerLoopDesign
1. Definetheconverter SelecttheplantasBoost(LCS_VMC)PFCforboostPFCconverterwiththecurrentloopandthe voltageloop.Completetheparametersinthecorrespondinginputdatawindow.Notethattheinput voltageisthepeakvalue.Whenfinished,clickOKtocontinue.
2. Selectthecurrentsensor Selectthecurrentsensoramongtheavailabletypes.Inthisexample,selectCurrentsensor,andset thegainto0.25basedonthecircuit(thisvalueisequivalenttothesenseresistorvalue).
PowersimInc. www.powersimtech.com
BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign
3. Selectthecurrentregulator Fromtheinnerloopregulatordropdownmenu,selectPIasthecurrentregulatortype.
4. Selectthecrossoverfrequencyandthephasemargin SmartCtrlprovidesaguidelineandaneasywayofselectingthecrossoverfrequencyandthephase marginthroughtheSolutionMap.ClickontheSetbutton,andtheSolutionMapwillbeshownas below. IntheSolutionMap,eachpointwithinthewhiteareacorrespondstoacombinationofthecrossover frequencyandthephasemarginthatleadstoastablesolution.Inaddition,whenapointisselected, theattenuationgivenbythesensorandtheregulatorattheswitchingfrequencyisprovided. Tocarryouttheselection,leftclickapointwithinthewhitearea,orenterthecrossoverfrequency andthephasemarginmanually.
PowersimInc. www.powersimtech.com
BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign
Oncethecrossoverfrequencyandthephasemarginareselected,theSolutionMapwillbeshown ontherightsideoftheconverterinputwindow.If,atanytime,oneneedstochangethecrossover frequencyorthephasemargin,clickonthewhiteareaoftheSolutionMap,asshowninthefigure below.
Once the inner loop design is completed, one can move on to the outer loop design.
PowersimInc. www.powersimtech.com
BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign
OuterLoopDesign
The procedure of designing the outer loop is similar to that of the inner loop design. It includes the following: 1. Selectthevoltagesensor
When using a voltage divider, one must enter the reference voltage, and the program will automaticallycalculatethesensorgain.Inthisexample,thereferencevoltageis7.5V.Thesensor inputdatawindowisshownbelow.
Reference voltage
ThenpressonCalculateVref/VofromVrefbuttontosettheattenuationofthevoltagedivider.
PowersimInc. www.powersimtech.com
BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign 2. Selecttheouterloopregulator Inthisexample,selectPIastheregulatortype,andentertheregulatorparametersasbelow.
3. Determinethecrossoverfrequencyandthephasemargin Similar to the inner loop design, the crossover frequency and the phase margin of the outer loop mustbeselected.ASolutionMapisalsoprovidedtohelpselectastablesolution.PresstheSolution map(outerloop)buttonandthesolutionmapwillappear.
PowersimInc. www.powersimtech.com
BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign
Thenselectapointbyclickingwithinthewhitearea,andclickOKtocontinue.
Oncethecrossoverfrequencyandthephasemarginareselected,theSolutionMapwillappearon the right side of the converter input window. If, at any time, these two parameters need to be changed,clickinthewhiteareaoftheSolutionMap,asshowninthefigurebelow.
PowersimInc. www.powersimtech.com
BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign
Accept the selected design by clicking on OK. The program will automatically show the control systemperformancebymeansoftheBodeplots,theNyquistplot,phasemargin,etc. SmartCtrlprovidestheregulatorcomponentvaluesneededtoimplementtheregulators,aswellas the voltage divider resistors. Since there are two control loops, one must select which one to display.
Display innerloop Displayouterloop
Displayouterloop solutionsmap Displayinnerloop solutionsmap
Atthispoint,thecontrolloopdesignoftheconverterwillbecompleted.Wewillvalidatethedesign bymeansoftimedomainsimulation.
9 PowersimInc. www.powersimtech.com
BoostPFCConverterControlLoopDesign
DesignVerificationthroughSimulation
InordertovalidatethedesignfromSmartCtrl,timedomainsimulationiscarriedoutinPSIM. Wewillcomparetheperformanceoftheconverterwithtwodifferentdesigns. Design#1 Innerloop: fcross=3kHz PhaseMargin=45 Outerloop: fcross=30Hz Design#2 Innerloop: fcross=15kHz PhaseMargin=45 Outerloop: fcross=30Hz
Outputvoltage
Outputvoltage
Inputvoltage Inputcurrent*50
Inputvoltage Inputcurrent*50
ItcanbeobservedthatDesign#2showsamuchlesswaveformdistortionthatDesign#1,andthatthe waveformdistortioncanbegreatlyreducedbyincreasingthecrossoverfrequencyoftheinnerloop. ThisexampleillustratesthatSmartCtrlincombinationwithPSIMprovideafastandpowerfulplatform forthedesignandvalidationofconvertercontrolforpowerfactorcorrectionapplications.
10
PowersimInc. www.powersimtech.com
