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Indications and Usage: M M M M M M M M M M M

Thiopental is an ultra-short-acting barbiturate used to induce general anesthesia. It can be administered intravenously or orally. Thiopental is indicated for induction of anesthesia, supplementation of other anesthetic agents, induction of a hypnotic state, and control of convulsions and increased intracranial pressure. Common adverse effects include myocardial depression, arrhythmias, delirium, headache, amnesia, seizures, apnea, laryngospasm, bronchospasm, and hiccoughs. Patients should be warned that thiopental can impair abilities for 24 hours following administration.

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369 views4 pages

Indications and Usage: M M M M M M M M M M M

Thiopental is an ultra-short-acting barbiturate used to induce general anesthesia. It can be administered intravenously or orally. Thiopental is indicated for induction of anesthesia, supplementation of other anesthetic agents, induction of a hypnotic state, and control of convulsions and increased intracranial pressure. Common adverse effects include myocardial depression, arrhythmias, delirium, headache, amnesia, seizures, apnea, laryngospasm, bronchospasm, and hiccoughs. Patients should be warned that thiopental can impair abilities for 24 hours following administration.

Uploaded by

Jesthony Lee Cordero
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Thiopental is an ultra-short-acting barbiturate and has been used commonly in the induction phase of general anesthesia.

Brand Name: Thiopental Sodium Generic Drug: thiopental

Class: Barbiturate

Indications and Usage


Induction of anesthesia; supplementation of other anesthetic agents; IV anesthesia for short surgical procedures with minimal painful stimuli; induction of hypnotic state; control of convulsions and increased intracranial pressure (IV administration); induction of preanesthetic sedation or basal narcosis (PR administration).

Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to barbiturates; variegate or acute intermittent porphyria; absence of suitable veins for IV administration; status asthmaticus.

Dosage and Administration


Test Dose Adults IV 25 to 75 mg; observe for 60 sec. Anesthesia Adults IV 50 to 75 mg slowly every 20 to 40 sec until anesthesia is established then 25 to 50 mg as needed or continuous infusion of 0.2% or 0.4%. Children IV 5 to 6 mg/kg then 1 mg/kg as needed. Infants IV 5 to 8 mg/kg then 1 mg/kg as needed. Newborns IV 3 to 4 mg/kg then 1 mg/kg as needed. Convulsive States Adults IV 75 to 125 mg; may need 125 to 250 mg over 10 min.

Children IV 2 to 3 mg/kg/dose; repeat as needed. Increased Intracranial Pressure Adults IV 1.5 to 3.5 mg/kg. Children IV 1.5 to 5 mg/kg/dose; repeat as needed. Psychiatric Disorders Adults IV 100 mg/min slowly with patient counting backwards or as infusion of 50 mL/min of 0.2% solution. Preanesthetic Sedation Adults PR 1 g/34 kg (30 mg/kg). Basal Narcosis Adults PR 1 g/22.5 kg (44 mg/kg) (max, 3 to 4 g for adults weighing over 90 kg). Children over 3 mo PR 25 mg/kg/dose; if not sedated within 15 to 20 min, may repeat with single dose of 15 mg/kg/dose (max, 1.15 g for children over 34 kg). Children under 3 mo PR 15 mg/kg/dose; if not sedated within 15 to 20 min, may repeat with single dose of less than 7.5 mg/kg/dose.

Storage/Stability
Store at room temperature, protected from light.

Drug Interactions
Narcotics May cause additive barbiturate effects and increase risk of apnea. Phenothiazines May increase frequency and severity of neuromuscular excitation and hypotension. Probenecid May extend barbiturate effects or effects may be achieved at lower doses. Sulfisoxazole May enhance barbiturate effects.

Incompatibility
Tubocurarine, succinylcholine, or other acid pH solutions.

Laboratory Test Interactions


LFTs Drug may falsely elevate results. Serum potassium Drug may falsely elevate results.

Adverse Reactions
Cardiovascular
Myocardial depression; arrhythmias.

CNS
Delirium, headache; amnesia; seizures.

Dermatologic
Rash.

GI
Abdominal pain; rectal irritation; diarrhea; cramping; rectal bleeding (rectal suspension).

Respiratory
Apnea; laryngospasm; bronchospasm; hiccoughs; sneezing; coughing.

Miscellaneous
Thrombophlebitis; pain at injection site; salivation; shivering.

Patient Information
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Instruct patient to notify health care provider of any signs of hypersensitivity to barbiturates. Inform patient to avoid alcohol or other CNS depressants for 24 h. Advise patient that drug can continue to impair abilities for 24 h following administration and caution patient to avoid driving or performing other tasks requiring mental alertness.

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