rest cope 01207010 do so may result in disqualification, FORM TP 2021049 MAY/JUNE 121 CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL CARIBBEAN SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE® EXAMINATION BIOLOGY Paper 01 — General Proficiency T hour 15 minutes 01 JUNE 2021 (p. -) READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. 1. This test consists of 60 items. You will have 1 hour and 15 minutes to answer them, In addition to this test booklet, you should have an answer sheet. 3. Each item in this test has four suggested answers lettered (A), (B). (C), (D). Read each item ‘you are about to answer and decide which choice is best. 4. On your answer sheet, find the number which corresponds to your item and shade the space having the same letter as the answer you have chosen. Look at the sample item below. ‘Sample Item : Which of the following diseases is due to a dietary deficiency? ‘Sample Answer (A) Malaria @O@BCe (B) Diabetes (C) Influenza (D) Anaemia , ‘The correct answer to this item is “Anaemia”, so (D) has been shaded 5. Ifyou want to change your answer, erase it completely before you fill in your new ch 6. When you are told to begin, turn the page and work as quickly and as carefully as you can. Ifyou cannot answer an item, go on to the next one, You may return to that item iater. 7. Figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. Copyright © 2019 Caribbean Examinations Council All rights reserved.Which of the following features is used to classify a group of organisms as Class Insecta? (A) Size (B) Shape (C) Colour ©) Number of seaments Which of the following options correctly defines a niche and a habitat? Habitat the habitat The role that an organism plays in “The place where an organism lives (B) |The place where an organism lives ‘The role that an organism plays in the habitat which share the environment (©) [A community of living organisms ‘The abiotic and biotic factors of the ecosystem (D)_| The biotic factors of the ecosystem where an organism lives The abiotic factors of the ecosystem where an organism lives Living organisms, such as plants, are affected by ABIOTIC factors which determine where they become established. Which of the following options lists some of these determining factors? > Sunlight availability, soil pH, minerals (©) Parasitism, commensalism, mutualism (D) Deforestation, slash and burn, shifting cultivation Sediment size, shape and colour 01207010/MI/CSEC 2021 4 Which of the following organisms are MOST important in biodegradation? Bacteria (B) Vultures (©) Omnivores (PD) Earthworms A farmer notices pink mealy bugs in his garden. He is advised to introduce the ladybird beetle to control the mealy bugs. The type of relationship between the mealy bug and the ladybird beetle is described as (A) commensalism G@) predator-prey (©) motualism (D) parasitism GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE6. Which of the following statements about recycling manufactured materials are true? 1. Less energy is used in the manutfac- turing of new products by using the raw materials from recycled products, Tl. Some manufactured produets can be recycled. IIL, Recycling of some non-biodegrad- able materigls prevents landfill sites from filling up too quickly and for a long time. Tand II only and I only Mand Il only 1, Wand 7. Approximately 10% of the energy stored in food is available to the next organism in a food chain because (GD most of the energy is tost as heat during the process of respiration (B) most of the energy is lost during the process of excretion (©) there are fewer consumers than producers in a food chain (D) many consumers compete for the same food source 8 Which of the following materials is considered to be non-biodegradable? (A) Grass cutting Sardine can (©) Newspaper (©) Cloth 9. Replanting trees on a bare hillside is an example of (A) restoration and preservation (B)__ preservation and conservation (©) reafforestation and restoration (D) conservation and afforestation 01207010/MNCSEC 2021 10. The GREATEST threat to the survival of coral reefs is (A) increased dissolved oxygen levels. GBD creased ocean temperatures (C) decreased greenhouse gases (D) decreased nitrogen levels fem 11 refers to the following graph of population growth, Number of organisms ‘Time 11. Phase 4 of the graph of population growth is MOST likely due to competition from invasive species (B) adequate food and space (©) ahigh natural birth rate (D) disease resistance 12, When compared to a cheek cell, a muscle cell contains more (A) vacuoles (B)__ ribosomes mitochondria (D) chromosomes GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE13. 14. Item 13 refers to the following diagram of a cell ‘Which of the labelled structures is responsible for controlling cellular activities? a 4 ®) ow © m ov Item 14 refers to the following diagrams which show a process by which substances are moved into and out of cells. Concentrated | Dilute sugar solution sugar | solution JConcentrated | Dilute sugar solution) sugar solution _—Water level — Sugar Water Sugar Water molecules molecules ‘molecules ‘molecules Before After Which of the following options correctly identifies and describes the process occurring above? Process Description (A) | Diffusion “| Water moving from concentrated to dilute solution Osmosis | Water moving from dilute to concentrated sotution (© | Pit n_| Sugar moving from dilute to concentrated solution (D) | Osmosis | Sugar moving from concentrated to dilute solution GO ON TO THE NE: 01207010/MI/CSEC 202115, Which of the following functions is NOT correctly matched to the organelle? Funetion Organelle (A) [Osmotic control Membrane Protein synthesis Chloroplast (C) [Contains hereditary materials [Nucleus (D) [Release of energy Mitochondrion . Item_16 refers to the following diagram which shows a xylem vessel. ela} od 16. ‘The MAJOR feature that is responsible for the rigid structure of the xylem vessel is the Space |— Cell wall containing lignin Gap where to cells meet lignin (B) cell wall (C) space in the cells (D) gap where two cells meet 01207010/MI/CSEC 2021 17. 18. Which ofthe following features does NOT enhance a leat’s ability to absorb solar energy? (A) Large surface area B) Transparent cuticle ea Presence of a vascular bundle (D) Presence of numerous chloroplasts in the palisade cells Item 18 refers to the following diagram which represents a metabolic process carried out in plants. oh Plant //Chlorophyit Food ‘The food produced is (A) fat glucose | protein (D) amino acid GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGIgs Item_19 refers to the following graph of rate of photosynthesis vs light intensity. Rate of photosynthesis, 0.03% CO; ight intensity 19, Which of the following statements BEST accounts for the shape of the graph? (A) As photosynthesis rates increase, there is a decrease in carbon dioxide levels. As light intensity increases, the rate of photosynthesis also increases, until a stationary phase exists, when denaturation of the enzymes occurs. As carbon dioxide levels gradually increase, there is a similar inerease in the rate of photosynthesis, until a plateau phase exists where no further increase in carbon dioxide results in any further increase in photosynthesis. (GW) As light intensity increases, there is an inerease in photosynthesis, until there is no further increase in the rate due to some other limiting factor. (B) © 01207010/MNCSEC 2021 20. Which of the following organisms is @ saprophyte? GA) Bread mould (B) Mango tree (©) Amoeba (D) Cat 21, An enzyme is BEST defined as a molecule which (A) increases the rate of a chemical reaction (B) decreases the rate of a chemical reaction (©) decreases the rate of a chemical reaction but remains unchanged at the end ofthe reaction WD increases the rate of @ chemical reaction bat remains unchanged ax the end ofthe reaetion Item 22 refers to the following equation which shou the oxidation of glucose in cells C4H,0, + 0, + C0, + 10 Release of energy 22, Theenergy released from the process above is (A) converted to ADP (B) converted to ATP (C)__ stored in high energy bond in ADP stored in a high energy bond in ATP GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEaie Liem 23 refers to the following diagram of 26. _—_‘In_heart bypass surgery, an artery is a respiratory structure, advantageous over a vein to bypass the blockage because GB stteries have thicker, more muscular walls than veins (B) veins allow blood to flow in one direction (©) arteries carry blood away from the heart (D) veins carry only deoxygenated blood 27. Which of the following options BEST identify some of the transport substances in animals? 23. The respiratory structure shown above is that of 1. Amino acids I Hormones an alveolus ML. Glucose (B) —atrachea (C)— abronchiole (A) Land Ionly (D) — agill filament (B) Land Wonly Mand Ill only 1, Mand i 24, — Which of the following is an effect of carbon monoxide found in cigarette smoke? 28, In the transport of solutes in the phloem, the source is defined as any area ofthe plant (A) Increased heart rate where (B) Increased beating of cilia ©) Reduced oxygen transport by the (A) water is taken out of the phloem blood (B) water is loaded into the phloem (D) Increased mucus production in a sucrose is loaded into the phloem the cells lining the respiratory (D) sucrose is taken out of the phloem passage 29. Under which conditions will the rate of 25. Why isit dificult to develop a vaccine for transpiration in plants be HIGHEST? the common cold? (A) Sunny and low wind speed (A) Vaccines cannot be developed for Sunny and high wind speed viruses, ) Cloudy and low wind speed (B) The antigens on the common cold (D) Cloudy and high wind speed virus remain the same. GERD 7 antigens on the common cold virus change frequently. (D) Human beings cannot produce antibodies for the common cold, GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 01207010/MJ/CSEC 2021wis Item 30 refers to the following diagram of a mammalian kidney nephron, ——1 x &\ ‘t ‘ 30. Which option correctly relates to the processes occurring in the parts labelled 1, I and 111? i W m (A) | Ultrafiltration ‘Water conservation | Selective reabsorption Ultrafiltration Selective reabsorption ‘Water conservation (©) | Water conservation | Under the influence of ADH_ | Urine production (D) | Selective reabsorption | Ultrafiltration Under the influence of ADEL 31. The BEST description of the role of 33. Which of the following correctly describe(s) excretion in living organisms is to movement in plants? (A) produce urine 1. Growth movement cB produce faeces I. Part movement get rid of toxic waste IIL. Whole body movement (D) _getrid of excess water only ee Land II only 32. Which of the following is NOT a form of (©) Mand It only excretion in plants? (D) 1, Mand nt Carbon dioxide diffusing in, through the stomata 34. In humans, the skeletal system performs a (B) Substances being stored in the bark variety of functions including ofa tree (C) Water vapour diffusing out, through GG blood cell formation the epidermis (B) hormone formation (D) Calcium oxalate crystals being (©) immune response stored in leaves during leaf fall (D) mastication GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 0120701 0/MNCSEC 202135. Locomotion is important to animals for 1. - avoiding predators Tl, acquiring food and shelter 1 (A) Tand tonly (B) — Tand IM only (©) Mand Mtonly @®) hana tem 36 refers to the following diagrams illustrating an experiment. Briere Baus Sain | Tip removed | i Transparent ~ Foil ea | ee cap {Shoot 4 shoot + shoot 1 0 UL Vv | 36. After a few days the TALLEST shoot would MOST likely be 1 Ba @© m () WV 37. Which of the following options BEST describes the terms ‘stimulus’ and ‘response’? Stimulus Response (A) | A deliberate provocation of an organism | The movement of an organism | (B) | An organism’s exposure to sunlight The growth of an organism away from light (©) | Awave of excitement in an organism | Locomotion of an organism A detectable change in an organism's | An organism's reaction to a stimulus environment GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE, 0120701 0/MI/CSEC 2021-10- tem 38 refers to the following diagram of a spinal reflex. Biceps —— muscle + [uy Skin of hand 38, The numbered structures are 1 i m1 (A) [eosory neurone _[motorneurone | relay neurone (8) [sensory neurone [relayneurone | motor neurone (QE | motor neurone [sensory neurone [relay neurone (0) [motorneurone [relay neurone [sensory neurone 39. Therole of an effector is to Item 40 refers to the following diagram of an eye which shows nearsightedness. (A) detect a stimulus respond to a stimulus create a nerve impulse | (D) relay a nerve impulse 40. Which of the following shows how the defect can be corrected? | Lens Bending of Light Rays Before Entering the Eye (GB) Diverging | Ourwards () | Diverging | inwards (©) | Converging | Outwards (D) | Converging | inwards GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE,41. 42. “ue The following statements describe the processes taking place within a seed during germination. 1. The embryo uses food to develop the radicle and plumule Tl. Enzymes break down proteins into amino acids. Soluble products move into the embryo, it ‘ Which of the following correctly identifies the sequence of events during the ‘germination of the seed? (A) Ion il (By) Tomo ©) sion nmr Item 42 refers to the following graph which illustrates a measurement of growth in living organisms. Which of te following is an INCORRECT label for the y-axis? (A) Mass B) Length ae Units of time (D) Number of leaves 01207010/MJ/CSEC 2021 Item 43 refers to the following activities involved in the menstrual cycle, 1. Repair of the uterine lining I. Ovulation Ill, Shedding of the uterine lining IV. Development of the Graafian follicle Which of the following sequences shows the correct order of activities? osm V IooiV Woon IVs Il (A) 6 (D) tem 44 refers to the following diagrams of flowers from two different types of plants. 1 u 44, Which of the following statements is true for both flowers? (A) Both are wind pollinated. (B) Petals are absent from both I and 1 (©) Bothare pollinated by a humming- bid, © 1 is pollinated by the wind; 11 is pollinated by a humming-bird. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.12- 45. Which of the following shows the 47. Which of the following font of birth correct sequence for seed formation after control is MOST likely to be 100% fertilization? elfective? GP Ovule— zygote embryo — seed (A) Condom {B) Ovule—rembryo— seed — zygote (B) Diaphragm (C)__ Embryo—r ovule zygote — seed @©P _Trbal ligation {D) Embryo zygote ovule— seed (D) Birth control pill + Itemd6 refersto the following diagrams of 48. vector is defined as an organism that specialized cells. (A) ___ ites humans (B) causes diseases fives on other organisms ow transmits disease organisms y 49. A60-yearold man has been diagnosed with " hypertension as well as diabetes. Which of the following treatments would be MOST effective for the management of BOTH 1 diseases? GMD Exercising and lowering the intake ‘of salt and refined carbohydrates (B) Spending more time relaxing (©) Starting a rigorous exercise programme (D) Taking insulin injections 46. Which of the following structures is ‘common to both cells? Citium \ Nucleus (©) Cell wall \ (DB) Acrosome GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE+13 Item 50 refers to the following diagram which shows the life eycle ofa vector. ae N ~ 2 50. At which stage is this vector easily controlled by the use of aerosol insecticides? @ 1 (B) «c) om @p v 51. Which of the following options BEST de- 53. Which of the following statements about scribes a chromosome? meiosis is NOT true? (A) Two forms of the same gene (A) __Itallows for genetic variation. G@Pp Strueturemade up of DNA wrapped (B) It results in the production of around histones, gametes. (©) Nucleic acid that contains all @©P 1 doubles the number of ‘genetic information chromosomes in gametes. (D) Part of the DNA which carries (D) _Iteauses haploid cells to form from genetic information to produce diploid cells. a protein 54, Tarzanand Jane are heterozygous for blood 52, Ifa diploid organism has two different groups A and B respectively. Which of the alleles for the same gene, it is described as being @ beterozyg0us (B) homozygous (©) dominant (D) recessive 01207010/MJ/CSEC 2021 following shows all of the possible results, of their genetic cross? (A) 100% AB (B) 50% A:50% AB (C) 25% AB: 50% B: 25% O G@Ip 25% A: 25% B: 25%AB: 25% 0 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE,-14- 55, Asa result of mitosis, each daughter cell 57, Variation in a population is duc to has 1. mutation (A) avariable number of chromosomes TI. crossing over (B) twice the number of chromosomes Tl, asexual reproduction as the parent cell thesamenumber of chromosomes @NAP 1 and 11 only as the parent cell (B) [and Monly (D) half the number of chromosomes (©) Mand Ml only as the parent cell (D) Wand IIL 56. One example of a sex-linked disease is 58. A species consists of members that (A) cancer (A) occupy the same habitat (B) hypertension (B) reproduce by asexual means colour blindness (C)__interbreed under natural conditions (D) down syndrome interbreed to produce fertile offspring 59, Which of the following descriptions is true for natural and artificial selection? ‘Natural Selection “Artificial Selection (A) _| Occurs in domestic populations ‘Oceurs in natural populations @B)_| Involves genetic modification Largely controlled by the environment Produces great biological diversity jo Produces very different organisms from natural populations () [isa faster process sa slower process GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEItem 60 refers to the following diagram which shows Stages I, II, I and [V in the production of insulin by genetic engineering. Chromosome Human eell Bacterium O OL mui ‘\ 0’, oH / 60. Inwhich of the stages above can insulin be produced by the bacterium? “™ 1 (B) I © m QD END OF TEST IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST. 01207010/MI/CSEC 2021