GRADE 11 QUARTER 1 MODULE 1 – WEEK 1

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
 LESSON Review of Functions
1

LESSON 1: FUNCTIONS
Learning Outcomes: At the end of the lesson, the learner is able to represent real-life
situations using functions, including piecewise functions, vertical line test, horizontal
line test
Lesson Outline:
1. define functions and relations
2. differentiate functions and relations
3. one-to-one function

PRETEST

Read the questions carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following is one-to-one function?

A. Books to author C. SIM cards to cell phone numbers
B. True or False questions to answer D. Real number to its square

2. A one-to-ne function crosses a horizontal line how many times?

A. 3 C. 1
B. 2 D. 0

3. All of the following are not one-to-one functions EXCEPT:

A. C.
B. D.

4. It is a function in which for each value of y in the range of f, there is just one value x
in the domain of f such that y = f(x).
A. One to one function C. Identify Function
B. Linear Function D. ConFunction

5. Which of the following is NOT a one to one function?

A. {(0,0), (1,1), (2,8), (3,27), (4,64)} C. {(0,4), (1,5), (2,6), (3,7), … (n,n+4)}
B. {(-2,6), (-1,3), (0,2), (1,5), (2,8)} D. {(-2,4), (-1,1), (0,0), (1,1), (2,4)}

BRIEF INTRODUCTION

Definition of a Relation

 A relation is a rule that relates values from a set of values (called the domain) to a
second set of values (called the range)
 A relation is a set of ordered pairs [x,y]
Definition of a Function

 It is a relation define as a set of ordered pairs [x,y] where no two or distinct ordered
pairs have the same first element [x]
 A special relationship where each input has a single output
 Every value of x corresponds to a unique value of y
 1. One of the primary moral values that is advocated and taught by the Catholic Church is
the blessedness of marriage vow. It aims to promote happy marriage between a Living
Catholic man and a Catholic woman who have entered into a marriage contract, that is,
one-man-one-woman relationship. These are just some of the situations that use the
concept of one-to-one relationships.

Examples :
Illustrations below are examples of a function

Is it a function or not, why?

What is the
difference between a
function and relation?
Which of the following relations are functions?
f = {(2,3), (1,2), (4,7), (6,9)}
g = {(2,9), (3,11), (5,13), (7,15)}
h = {(5,9), (10,7), (11,12), (5,8)}

Solution
The relations f and g are functions because no two ordered pairs have the same x-value but
different y-values. Meanwhile, h is not a function because (5,9), and (5,8) are ordered pairs
with the same x-value but different y-values.

Relations and functions can be represented by mapping diagrams where the elements of the
domain are mapped to the elements of the range using arrows.

VERTICAL LINE TEST

 It is a visual way to determine if a curve is a graph of function or not.
A function using the Vertical Line Test can only have one output, y, for each unique
input x.
 If a Vertical Line intersects a curve on an xy-plane more than once then for one value
of x the curve has more than one value of y, and so the curve does not represent a
function.

Which of the following can be graphs of functions?

a. b.

c. d.

Solution
Functions in the group are a and d because value of x intersect with only one value of y.
Meanwhile, b and c does not represent a function because a value of x intersects with more
than value of y.

FUNCTIONS AS REPRESENTATIONS OF REAL-LIFE SITUATIONS.

Example 1. Give a function H that represents the cost of buying x pair of shoes. If one pair of
shoes costs P1,500.00
Solution. Since each pair of shoes costs P1,500.00, then the cost function is
H(x) = 1,500x
Example 2. Two hundred meters of fencing is available to enclose a rectangular vacant lot in
Tondo (see figure below). Give a function G that can represent the area that can be enclosed,
in terms of x.
Vacant Lot in Tondo

Solution. The area of the rectangular vacant lot enclosure is G = xy. We will write this as a
function of x. Since only 200 meters of fencing is available, then x + 2y = 200 or y = (200 –
x)/2 = 100 – 0.5x. Thus, G(x) = x (100 – 0.5x) = 100x – 0.5 .

ONE-TO-ONE FUNCTION
Definition: The function is one-to-one if for any in the domain of f, then .
That is, the same y – value is never paired with two different x – values.

The arrow diagrams below shown an example and non-example of one-to-one function.

Relation f is one-to-one because there are no two distinct inputs that correspond to the
same output. Relation is not one-to-one because two different inputs, 0 and 8, have the
same output of 4.

HORIZONTAL LINE TEST

A function is one-to-one if each horizontal line does not intersect the graph at more
than one point.
Example 1. Determine whether each function is a one-to-one function.

Example 2. Determine whether each graph represents a one-to-one function.

Activity 1. A.

B. Identify if the following is a function or does not represent a function

1. g(x) = {(11,9), (5,7), (11,12), (5,8)}
2. h(x) = {(5,9), (10,7), (2,12), (6,17)}
3. f(x) = {(3,6), (4,9), (5,12), (13,4)}
C. Which of the following diagram a One-to-One Function or Not a One-to-One
Function?

4. 5.

6. 7.
D. Which of the following represents a function and which is Not represent a graphs of
functions?

8. 9. 10.

REMEMBER

POSTTEST

Read the questions carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

3. All of the following graph is one to one function EXCEPT.

A. C.

B. D.

4. A method of determining whether or not a graph represent a one-to-one function.

A. Horizontal Line Test C. Square Root Method
B. Vertical Line Test D. Piecewise Function

5. Temperature readings T (in 0C) were recorded every three hours from midnight until
6 PM. The time was measured in hours from midnight.
Time 0 3 6 9 12 15 18
T(in 0C) 24 26 28 30 32 30 28
A. 22 C. 26
B. 24 D. 28
LESSON Evaluating Functions
2

LESSON 2: EVALUATING FUNCTIONS

Learning Outcomes: At the end of the lesson, the learner is able to
evaluate functions and solve problems involving functions Lesson
Outline:
1. Evaluating functions

PRETEST

1. Evaluate the following if x = 2

a. 3x + 2
b. -8x – 12
c. 15x + 5

BRIEF INTRODUCTION
Example 2. Evaluate the following functions at x = -2

a.
b.
c.
d.

Solution.

a.
b.

c.

d.

ACTIVITIES

1. Evaluate the following functions at x = 7

a.
b.
c.
d.
2. Given

a. f(-3) b. f(7.5) c. f(-9) d. f(8) e. f(-4)

REMEMBER

 Evaluating a function means substituting the variable in the function, in this case x, with a
value from the function’s domain and computing for the result.
 Evaluating a function is the process of determining the value of the function at the number
assigned to a given variable.

POSTTEST

1. Given

a. f(-2) b. f(3.6) c. f(9 ) d. f(-12) e. f(4)

LESSON OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS
3

LESSON 3: OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS

Learning Outcomes: At the end of the lesson, the learner is able to perform
addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and composition of
functions Lesson Outline:
1. Review : Operations on algebraic expressions
2. Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of functions
3. Function composition

PRETEST
ADDITION OF FUNCTION
The addition of function involves the creation of a new function through the addition
of two other functions.
Defining the addition function.
In order to define the addition of function, we just follow the rule and the sum of these
functions can be written
f(x) + g(x) or as (f + g)(x).

Example 1.
Solution.

Example 2.
Solution.

Example 3.

Solution. The LCD of the two fractions is (x – 8)(x + 4) or

SUBTRACTION OF FUNCTION
The subtraction of function involves the creation of a new function through the
subtraction of two other functions.

Defining the subtraction function.

 In order to define the subtraction of function, we just follow the rule and the difference of
these functions can be written
f(x) - g(x) or as (f - g)(x).

Example 1.
Solution.

Example 2.
Solution.

Example 3.

Solution. The LCD of the two fractions is (x + 12)(x - 9) or

MULTIPLICATION OF FUNCTION
The Multiplication of function involves the creation of a new function through the
multiplication of two other functions.

Defining the multiplication function.

In order to define the multiplication of function, we just follow the rule and the product of
these functions can be written
f(x) . g(x) or as (f . g)(x).

Example 1.
Solution.

Example 2.
Solution.
DIVISION OF FUNCTION

When you divide two such functions together, you get what is called a rational expression. A
rational expression is the division of two polynomials. If they divide evenly, your answer will
become a polynomial.
REMEMBER
 LESSON Solves Problems Involving Functions
4

LESSON 4: SOLVES PROBLEMS INVOLVING FUNCTIONS

Learning Outcomes: At the end of the lesson, the learner is able to solve
problems involving functions
Lesson Outline:
1. Steps in solving problems involving functions

PRETEST

Mr. Dechavez is planning to buy a rectangular lot in Baseco that will serve as one of his
property all over the Philippines. He will buy this lot to Mrs. Dela Cruz that cost P2, 800, 000
which has measurement of long and wide. Compute for the area of the
rectangular lot.

BRIEF INTRODUCTION

A word problem is a mathematical exercise where significant background information on the

problem is presented as text rather than in mathematical notation. As word problems often
involve a narrative of some sort, they are occasionally also referred to as story problems and
may vary in the amount of language used.
Word problems can be examined on three levels:
 Level a: the verbal formulation;
 Level b: the underlying mathematical relations;
 Level c: the symbolic mathematical expression.
Linguistic properties can include such variables as the number of words in the problem or the
mean sentence length. The logico-mathematical properties can be classified in numerous ways,
but one such scheme is to classify the quantities in the problem (assuming the word problem
is primarily numerical) into known quantities (the values given in the text of the problem),
wanted quantities (the values that need to be found) and auxiliary quantities (values that may
need to be found as intermediate stages of the problem).
The most common types of word problems are distance problems, age problems, work
problems, percentage problems, mixtures problems and numbers problems.

In dealing with real-life problems, it

is best to : understand the
problem, identify what are given,
identify what is asked, identify
what operation to use, so that
problem can be represented
correctly with the use of functions.
Example 1. The Asia’s Perfect Cone Mayon Volcano that is located at Albay, Philippines.
A volcanologist from the U.S.A. named Mr. Xander Einstein went to Albay, Philippines to
measure volume of the Mayon Volcano by using a modern instrument. He found out that
the length of the volcano measures 6x 2 + 7x, width is 7x and the height is 5x 2 -- 6x
respectively. Calculate for the volume of the Mayon Volcano if x = 4m.

Formula for the VOLUME OF MAYON VOLCANO

Solution.
If x = 4m, Given:

V = 194,432m

Activity 1. Mat Hematics has two jobs to attend to in a day. He works for 4 hours as a cook
in a carinderia and his pay for such is defined as as f(x) = 200x. In the afternoon he also
works for the same number of hours as English tutor to a Korean and his pay is described
as g(x) = 500x. How much that Mat earn in a day?
Activity 2. A hotel entrance makes a parabolic arch that can be represented by the
quadratic function, y = -x2 – 8x + 24, where y is the height of the arch and x is the distance
from wall to wall in feet. What is the distance between the two walls of the arch?

REMEMBER

In dealing with real-life problems, it is best to: understand the problem, identify what are
given, identify what is asked, identify what operation to use, so that problem can be
represented correctly with the use of functions.

1) The Villarica Volcano that is located at Chile is one of the perfect volcano in the world.
A volcanologist from Russia named Mr. Harold Gorvachev went to Chile to measure
volume of the Villarica Volcano by using a modern instrument. He found out that the
length of the volcano measures 12 x2 + 8x, the height is 18 x2 - 9x, and its width is 11x
respectively. Calculate for the volume of the Villarica Volcano if x = 7m.

ADDITIONAL
ACTIVITIES

I.1) Which best represents the situation below.

The sweet corn sold in the canteen is at P7.00. If I want to buy x pieces of
sweet corn, how much will I pay?
A. f(x) = 7 + x B. f(x) = 7x C.) f(x) = 7
2) Represent the situation in any possible model.
With Santos family, mama and the eldest child are both of blood type A, papa,
youngest and the middle child are all blood type
II. Evaluate the following:
 1) h(x) = x3 – x2 +x – 2, if x = 0 4) h(x) = 4x – 2, if x = 1
2) g(x) = (x + 4)(x – 1) , if x = -2 5) f(x) = 5(x+2) , if x = 4
3) f(x) = 1/x, if x = 3
III. Do all the operations and composition on functions.
(For girls): f(x) = 3/2x and g(x) = x
(For boys): f(x)= 2x /3 and g(x) =2x
IV. Solve.
If I pay Php 1000 for my first day stay in a hotel and pay additional P200 for
every bed that I request per day. How much do I pay in total if I stay for 3 days and
requested 3 beds for the whole stay?