MOpSZERTAN! UTMUTATO mint a vizsgiztaté szerepérl, E2t nagyon figyelmesen el kell olvasni és megérten, + A vizsgizé rovid ideig gondolkozhat, de ez ne lezyen tabb néhiny mésodperendt # A vizspictat6 rendelkerSsére All mindket Allisponthoz néhiny érv, amelyekb6! vi iaszt a vita sori. A harmadik rése az gyneverett sinillé témakitejt hho ket kép tortozik ‘+ Lényeges, hogy a feladat utasitésa szerint 6nall6an, lehetdleg segité kérdések nélkU kell a feladatot teljesitent. +A viasgiztaté rendelkezésére all néhiny gondolatébres hasenslhat, amennyiben a viesgiz6 megtorpan. + A vizswizé kb. fal porcig tanulminyozhatja a feladatot és @ képeket. :", amely egy emit érint A feladat- 216 kérdés, amelyeket fel- Ertékelési iumutaté ‘A ayakorl6ktny a viasgiraCekéscités melt als tjekotatni Kivinja a visit, Pe hnogy kérbell milyen eredményte szamithat a viespin. Természetesen ez nem jelent TRASBELI VIZSGA ait hogy a gyakorés socin nytt ejsitmény megane a viasgseval, az ered nyok ita tiekonttit soot, a les” visgo esa modeleahes, A ellenSreést rmindenki elvégerhei az slsbbiaK szein. A gyakorlKinye Megoldicoktésadben «z ot vizspatése dlgvatpontjait mead) Ar Oltusot scbveg eres viasearse 70 pre, az ethetSpontsz4m 30 vrsgapont. Mindon eges vale eg pont a heyesirs esak annyitan szimit, amennyben tem betayeeja a megenst; haa ks eres, adhat pot. Az Ssepontseimol, a doigovtpontoxszamijk it visgapont A visgarse ae egéx2 Vesa 20% + ANbelselyessegviesgnrész SO pore az elthetS pontsim 30 viasgapont. Minden ayesid valase egy pontt ea alysis sini, tehat, ha sdveget kl ber, sak {close hibttan vitae eselenaahatS pon. Az Ssszpontszimot, a dolgzatpontt Svan it vesgapomt, A visgasr 2 opése vipa 20 + Adlalou sedveg bse viasgaris 30 poe, az eletbotSpontszm 30 visgapont. Mi den egyesj6 vélaz ogy pontt&, a helyesitisesak annyiban sami, amennyiben tem befolyeola a mogénés, ha & kbs érthetS,adbat pont, Az &ssepontsmat, 2 dolgozatpontotsmivuk at vizseopott, A vizsgerés a ene vasa 20% «Az Iniskéseség vizsenrést 90 perc, az elrhet6 pontszim 30 pont, a ket feladat 15- 15 ponft ee étkelés Ended skalval rte meghatarorotszempontak s2o- fine A viasgarés az egtsr vizsga 20%a A Sebel vnganée 20 perez leet6 ponte 30 pont. A éklés kod ski val tik meghatirogeltseompontok slapn. A visgaréz az eg viasga 20% Axel sadzalek a kovetkens oseilyzatakak fle meg: 019% elégt! 20-32% _elégséges 33%. 46% Kozepes 47-59% 6 60-100% eles ‘© Tovabbi informicié az Oktatisi Minisztérium honlapjén taléthat6; waneom.fntMELT SZINT 1. feladatsor Olvasott sziiveg értése Read this text about a Chinese game called mahjong. Some sentences have been removed. Complete the text by matching the numbers (1-6) with the appropriate letter (A- H), There isa letter you will not need. Write your answers in the boxes as In the example There is an example (0 for you DRAGONS, WINDS AND FLOWERS Sara Shing was given some useful advice by her mother when it came to choosing a hus- band, ‘Before you marry anyone, watch him play mah-jong' (0) ‘Watch the way he wins orloses; she said. Sara took her mothers advice, has Been happily mare ried for 33 years is the mother of three children, and naturally, all the family play mabe Jong ‘Which only goes to prove that in places like Hong Kong, and Singapore and in Chinese communities the world over, it’ really far more than a game. (1) Of course, down the years the Chinese have given the world games from the compli- cated to the comparatively simple. But mah-jong is special. (2)__—__ fier all, ‘who but the Chinese could have devised anything as tactile and pictorial, as simple and as complicated, as natural and numerical or as infinitely adaptable as mahjong? While there is certainly no doubt at all that China was where it all began, its when it began that is hard to sort out. Martin Palmer of Manchester Metropolitan University thinks that a rather prosaic version of the beginnings of mah-jong has the most creden 8 ‘All was well when they were anchored or becalmed but trouble arose ‘when the wind blew the cards here, here and frequently overboard. To stop these inter- ruptions to their game the seilors put strips of bamboo on the cards to hold them down. This worked fairly well but was inconvenient and slowed up the proceedings a ‘The usually accepted number of mah-jong players is 4, and the sets work on the basis of 144 tiles which are made up of suits of Circles, Bamboos, Characters, Dragons, Winds, and Flowers but the game has many different interpretations, rules and aims, 6 This game is world traveller. There's the Chinese version, the ‘American version, the English version, the Japanese one and a few others besides. One thing common to all games of mah-jong wherever itis played, is the particular sound, It isa sort of sharp elitter-clatter and Martin Palmer reckons it to be one of the characteristic sounds of southern China and Hong Kong. (6) Sara Shing that to play mahjong with no noise is not to play mah-jong ai all is, afterall, a pas- sionate game.1. FELADATSOR. Otvasotr Sz6VEG ERTESE A call depends on where you learn, who teaches you and who you play with, B His research indicates that it began as a card game played by Cantonese fishermen. C It is a social event, a family affuir,a reason for friends to meet up and have a drink oF three and for the serious gamblers it is an opportunity to win big money. That's just the tiles, the human element comes into this as well, not quiet. h.jong players are E The trouble with the game is tha itis just so addictive, F A round of this fiercely competitive game was, she believed, the ideal way to judge character G Ithas retained its distinctly oriental personality, and its flavour ofthe exotic east HA breakthrough came when someone had the bright idea of converting the informa- tion from cards to blocks of wood that wouldn't blow avvay. Read this part of a magazine artic in extreme sport. Inthe sentences that follow the text there are some gaps. Your lask ie to fill the gaps with no more then three words so that the sentences correspond to what the toxt cays. Write the words on the lines. An example (0) has been given for you. Depth chargers Free-divers are reaching limits once thought too dangerous for submarines To most people, AIDA means Verdi's opera, sung by stars with big lungs and finely tuned ears, To a growing group of extreme sports enthusiasts, AIDA is an acronye for something else, although outstanding lungs and ears are also what count, They are not divas but divers, their sport being to go as deep underwater as is humanly possible on a single breath of air. AIDA is the Association Intemationale pour le Développement de PApnée, the later from the Greck apnea, or cessation of breathing. Its members also call themselves free divers because they do it ike fish, without tanks of air, me Otvasotr szdvec ERTE E Extreme sports such as rack climbing, base jumping and parachuting are booming among risk addicts around the world, but few are more challenging, or dangerous, than free div= an extension of the ancient custom of gathering food, pearls and treasure from the sea floor. According to Italian champion Umberto Pelizzari, the rewards of fee diving — depicted in the Lic Besson film The Big Blue ~ outweigh the risks: You are in another world, where there is no gravitational force, no color, no noise .. one does not descend {n apnea to look eround but to look into oneself, It is a Tong jump into the sou (Off Sardinia last Detober Pelizzari lowered the world record to 150 meters. Picture three Olympic swimm ng pools stacked vertically: down and back up on one kungfu. Not so Jong ago it was (ought that submarines, let alone human chests, would implode under the pressure at such depths, Pelizzari added 12 m to the mark set by his countryman Gianluca Genoni, Then last week, Pelizzaris rival Francisco Ferreras, a Florida-based Cuban, shattered the magic 150-m barrier: on his 38H birthday, he reached 162 m, off Mexico, in 3 min. 12 se. (0) According tothe text, the word AIDA has 10 meanings (2) Both opera singers and free divers need exellent _ (2) For one dive, free divers can take a breath only @) Free diving means going underwater without 2(6) (4) People have teen collecting bottoms of oceans since ancient times. (5) The film about fice divers was directed by (©) According toa free dive, its your __ (7) The deepest a free diver has ever dived is (8) This is 12 metres deeper than the previous world record set by and fom the that Benefits from free diving. metres Read the frst par: of an article about a new custom. For each question (18) choose the ‘answer that Is neccest in meaning to what the article eays. White the opproprite letters In the boxes under the questions, Thore isan example (0) for you. Romance Reborn as Couples Rush to Say 'I do' Aga From newly-weds to pensioners, from rock stars to the anonymous Darby and Joan, 2 kitsch trend is griaping Britain's married couples. Husbands and wives, whether religious or not, are renewing theit wedding vows at an Unprecedented rat. Led by celebrities such as the singer Alvin Stardust and the televi- sion presenter Esther Rantzen, who both publicly renewed their vaws tis year ~ although not to each other ~, the upsurge in second or third wedding coremonies emerges as an ‘unexpected part of a wider, old-fashioned return to the idea of marriage itselE ‘Lam amazed how often couples 1 know are now having vow renewals celebrations, rather than just anniversaries; said Sandra Boler, editor of Brides magazine. It is much Woswavag 11. Fevapatson OtvasorT szOvEG ERTESE ‘more than just a second honeymoon in most eases, because the whole focus is on the importance of the words of the vow: I think it does reflect a growth of faith in the idea ‘of marriage as whole, Ht might sound like a very saccharine idea that has been brought ‘over from America, but it means a lot to the people involved.” ‘The new romantic fad has even taken those in the business by surprise. Specialist travel companies organising vow renewal trips have been unable to eope with demand for beachside celebrations in the Caribbean this summer. "We have never seen such a take-up of vow renewal ceremonies. We offer extras like a commemorative certificate and a bouquet of fresh flowers. We can also provide w nesses too if the couple have flown out on their own, which they usually do, said Daniel Cutler of Weddings At Your Service. ‘One popular Intemet page offers the chance to design your own renewal service with the help of American lay preacher John Hill. "Vows are love made tangible, they are your heartfelt spoken promises, it explains (0) People who renew their wedding vows are A mostly famous people. B only young couples. C people of all ages. D only religious people ) Renewing wedding vows is A becoming more and more popular B_—_notas popular as it used to be. CC areligious act. D considered old-fashioned. @) Alvin Stardust and Esther Rantzen A got married this year B _hnad a vow renewal celebration together. © both renewed their vows with their partners. D divorced and remarried this year. (3) The word ‘upsurge’ in the second paragraph means A agroup of guests Be aspeech. C special elothes D —asudden targe i ease in something, OLVASOTT SZOVEG ERTESE (4) The idea of marriage is ‘A not important for people nowadays. B strengthened by vow renewals. not expected to become popular D considered old-fashioned woswvaviad “T (5) Most people have vow renewals because they ‘Aare fed up with anniversaries, B_ believe that marriage is a good idea, C want one more honeymoon, D enjoy celebrating their wedding anniversaries, (@ People who want to go on a vow renewal trip A gota free bouquet of flowers B usually take their witnesses with them, C have surprised unprepared travel companies. D__cannot afford to go to places such as the Caribbean, (1) Weddings At Your Service is ‘A the name of a wedding magazine, B the name ofan internet page. C astogan. D the name ofa travel company. (8) The word iin the lst sentence refer A’ anagency organising renewal ceremonies. Be arebigious service. © an Internet page. D the wow itself. 0 1 2 3] 4 5 6 7 8OwvasorT sz6vec ERTESE You ate going to read an arilcle about drinking loo much while doing sports. Give short answers with no more than five words to the questions. There is an example (0) at the beginning, Water Can Kill, Athletes Warned Athletes and sportsmen are wamed against drinking too mu bbecauce it could kil them Current advice is based on assumptions not backed by medical evidence, according to Dr. Timothy Noakes, » professor of exercise and sports science at the University of Cape. Town, South Africa. Prof. Noakes says the advice that athletes should replace all the Fiquid they lose through sweating while exercising, either by drinking as much as they can tolerate or something, between one and two pints, may be dangerous. Ina paper for the British Medical Journal, he writes that there have been seven record ced deaths and 250 cases of hyponatracmic encephalopathy in athletes, soldiers and bik- crs who were advised to drink as much as possible. Ths is potentially fatal condition caused by a severe lack of salt in the blood due to excessive drinking. Prof. Noakes says the athlete at most risk isthe female marathon runner who completes, 27-mile races at loss than five miles an hour and who drinks excessively ~ as much as 28 pints ~ in exercise lasting between five and six hours He says that more than 30 years ago an article was published on the dangers of dehydration. inathletes, prompting ‘numerous stdies, many funded by the fledging sports drinks indus- ley, culminating in specific guidlines for ingestion of fluids during exercise." Prof. Noakes believes thatthe best advice is that ‘inking in accordance to the person- al dictates of thirst scems to be safe and effective’ That level of intake is typically thre quarters of a pint to a pint and a half per hour he says. Bottled water isthe fastest growing sof drinks sector in Britain and more than 440 mil- Tion gallons of still and sparkling water sold last year, says research by the market ana lyst Mintel Recent figures from the Drinking Water Inspectorate, however, found that national and BU standards for tap water were met in 99-87 per cent of the 2-9 million tests done in England and Wales. ‘water to replace lost fluid, (0) What ean drinking t00 much cause? death (1) What does Prof. Noakes specialize in? ae (2) How much liquid seems to be dangerous for the body? (@) What ean cause fatal condition after drinking too much? (4) What is the speed of a woman marathon runner? (5) Who is the idea of excessive drinking supported by? (@) What is the safest way to determine liquid intake? (1) What is Britain's leading soft drink?7 PROBAERETTSEGI ANGOL NYELVBOL — EMELT SZINT Hallott sziveg értése ET lext about the Mongols. Your ssk isto complete the nates In No ‘more than 3 words. There Is an example (0) atthe beginning. ‘The Mongols ©) Tennsins ren steppe. Q) Average height of land 2) Number of people sill living nomadic lives: @) Climate Accommodation or gers ©) They can be built (The structure is strong bat Attitude to visitors: (8) People firs united by Temijin, or Genghis Khnn in the ©) ‘Genghis Khan' means (10) His army conquered countries rom io (11) Traditional skis practised in their memory: 7 and wrestling. You are going to hear a text about Ernest Hemingway. Your task isto put the events of his a the correct order. There fs an example (0) atthe beginning, Ernest Hemingway A. He worked on the site of an exploded factory, B He wrote books about his wartime experiences. € He spent his holidays with his family in Michigan, D He retumed to America, E_Ha gave treats to taian soldiers. F He became an ambulance driver. G He worked as a journalist, Hi He got seriously injured. 1 Hemet his love,1. FELADATSOR HaLLot? s26vEG ERTESE ) Task 3 i ‘You are going to hear a text about some Interesting expressions which use the word soap" ‘Your task wil be to fll n the gaps in the sentences below with no more than three words. ‘There isan example (0) at the beginning. Soap (0) Soap was frst used for cleaning parposes by the (ancient) Greeks. (1) Soap production became a large industry in the @) Soap operas’ are called so because the first programmes were sponsored by (3) Soap operas ate offen criticised on the grounds that they are not about (4) Thereate several in every soap opera (5) They are very in the US. (© Soap was first shipped in boxes. (7) Soap boxes were strong enough 1 con them, (8) ‘Soap-box speeches’ were political and (9) Anyono who talks endlessly is said to be on @ (20) Ifyou ‘soft-soap' a person, you him in order to get him to do ‘what you want Your foreign pe first two days of hisier stay you wil be away In a summer camp. 7 PROBAERETTSEGI ANGOL NYELVBOL — EMELT SZINT irdskészség lend fs coming to stay with you and your family, Unfortunately, on the wosvavIad “TL Write a teter of 150 words In which you welcome him/her and expla the situation mention some things he/she can find and use In yout room and explain how to Use one of them 537 who willbe at home during this time and how they ean help hinvher 527 how holche can contact you while you are away Do not include any personal particulars or postal addresses. Dear Gabe, __ You have seen the following results of an internet opinion poll on what people think has ben the best lavertion since 1800, The best invention sce T500 ‘computer 2.7% light bulb 184% telephone 174% radio 99% hnsir removal device 4.2% disinfectant 29% record player “There's also a forums on the internet where you can write your opinion, \Wiite a letter of about 200 words for thi forum Including the following pots ‘what surprised you mest about the results of the poll and why. what you agree with and why What You thnk has been the best Invention since 1600 and why What You thik should also be Included Inthe lle and why Hello everybody,7 PROBAERETTSEGI ANGOL NYELVBOL 2. feladatsor Olvasott sziveg értése Task 4 ead this part of a newspaper article writen by 8 woman who lakes part In marathon £3006. Your task Isto match the chor topic eummaries In 1-8 below with ane of tho four (A, B, C, ) paragraphs of the text. Put the letters of the paragraphs inthe boxes below. An example (@)has been given for you. Blood, Sweat and Spirit A 1 got it before Christmas, a bug, a virus that I've had every year for the past four. It's ‘caused by the same thing every time ~ the arrival through the letter box of a rather dul Fooking envelope that nearly goes in the bin with other junk mail until I realise what i contains: hope, pain, magic, rage, fantasy, disappointment, exhaustion and rapture. Ie got a place in the London Marathon again B know the symptoms, the eause of the disease I will get eonerete-hard calluses on my heels, blackened toenails, metatarsals that crack like dry twigs when I step out of bed in the moming. Between now and 16 April I will go offline socially, all my spare hours spent running, my conversation pared down to training schedules or whether to go for ‘motion control shoes oF cushioned, No one will ask me anywhere because | will have ‘become a running bore. And I won't only be boring, I'l look weird. Running apparel is functional, not alluring. 1 spend my days in thermal tops, damp T-shirts, Lycra shorts ‘with a patter designed by blind confett-throwers. I's not even as though I ean make a fortune from writing about my obsession. Not unless the market picks up for self-help ‘manvals about Middle-Aged Women Who Love Running Marathons Tao Much, of The Little Book OF fsotonie Drinks. c 1 will lose touch with my sons, my family, Iwill only go around with other people train- ing for the London Marathon, lovely people who would never cross my path if it ‘wasn't for running: midwives, quantity surveyors, recovered drug addicts, telephone engineers, proprietors of ironing service companies, jobbing gardeners, singers in gil bands. At this time of year they are soul mates, comrades in arms, the only people T want ta see, the only ones who can understand my fixations. D Above al, in the coming three months, 1 will be chasing my nirvana the sub-four-hour marathon. Every year is the year I'm going to run sub-four. Twenty-six miles in ess than four hours ~ its not much o ask. Given a strong hea, youth and abit of determination, « beginner can do it, OK, Tm half a century old, but my friend Max won't see 70 again ‘and he gets depressed if he isnt through the finish line and into his tinfoil blanket in time for lunch. And to put his 3hrs 30mins in perspective, whoever wins the London Marathon could be home and dry in not much more than 2hirs 7mins. OLvaSOTT SZOVEG ERTESE © End of famity life (8) Bodily changes (1) Effects‘on appearance (©) Anew invitation @ Never too eld (1) Changes in social fife @)— Theairmto achieve (8) Mixed feetings @_Meating new people 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {his short magazine atlele about the Halan palnter, Caravaggio, The beginning parts ‘of some sentences have been removed from the text. Choose the right parts from the lst (OH) to fil the gaps (1-8) There ls one extra pat that you do not need. Wie your answers Inthe boxes below. There fs an example (0) ning. the Dark Master In the last years of his brief life, Caravaggio was a fugitive — and a genius at the height of his powers Nobody disputes Caravaggio's immense achievement. (0) what he might have aceomplished if he had lived into old age ~ say 452 (1) _ he amassed a police record worthy of a rap star: arrests, citations, imprisonments, most of them con- nected to brawls and knife fights. In May 1606, when he was around 34, he killed a man with a sword, in fight over a wager placed on a tennis match, Q) he fled to Rome, the scene of his early triumphs as a painter. 3) Tie died, possibly of typhus, on a Tuscan beach. (4) __ hoe did not live to learn the news: o while circling among Naples, Malta and Sicily, Caravaggio managed to sustain and even deepen his intuitions about light, shadow and pictorial drama, The evi= dence isin every room of "Caravaggio: The Final Years’, a show that runs atthe National Gallery in London through May 22. (6) the exhibit is small it lacks a few of the most importat late paintings. But the 15 i includes, all bu ane fram his years on the run, are the work of a man whose "ate phase’ came atthe height of his poweis, A Although the papal pardon he sought for years was finally granted, B Ina painting completed five years later, © After a four-year struggle te retum, D Asa young man E_Yet i's hard not to wonder F All through that complicated exile, G Badly wounded, facing a murder charge and a sentence of death, Hf Previously presented in Naples, o 1 2 3 4 E woswavind ]2. FELADATSOR Otvasory SZOVEG ER ) FRead these short atilos about some disasters. Maten each question (1-10) Bolow with one of the disasters (AcE), Write your answers In the boxes below. There Is an example (0} at the beginning. World Watch A ‘Shuicheng Rescue workers in southwestern China almost gave up hope of rescuing about 30 coat ‘miners trapped in eaves filled with poisonous gas following an underground explosion in which at least 125 others were killed. The accident at the Muchonggou mine in Guizhou province has again highlighted the staggering rate of fatalities in Chinese coa ‘mines, the deadliest in the world. According to official statistics, atleast 2,730 people hhave perished in the frst half of this year B Paris Hurricane-force winds topping 200km/h were blamed for the deaths of nearly 150 people across Europe and as much as $6.4 billion in damage in what some described as the worst storm in the past century. Hardest hit was France, where more than 80 people died, nearly 3 million homes were deprived of electricity and destruction estimates reached $1.3 billion, Italy, Switzerland and Germany also suffered casualties and severe property damage by winds that howled from Spain to Poland. The storms prompted heavy snowfall in Austria, where atleast 12 poople died in avalanches, and further east in Hungory, Romania and Ukraine c Istanbul Officials, engineers and environmentalist in Turkey battled what one described as ‘pol lution of dangerous proportions’ at the mouth of the Bosporus after a Russian oil tanker broke in two in the Sea of Marmara, spilling an estimated 900 tons of fuel oil. Most of the oil washed ashore, driven by strong winds that forced the Volganest 248 aground, coating about 10 kin of coastline witha thick, sticky film and threatening to disperse it farther, The tanker foundered just off the coast of an up-market Istanbul district along the sea of Marmara, which inks the Bosporus and Dardanellas straits — two of the busiest shipping lanes in the world and the site of numerous accidents. While the tankers crew were unhurt, countless seabirds were coated with oil, many perishing, D Volendam Hundreds of people had just toasted in the New Year at the Little Heaven café in Volendam, northeast of Amsterdam, when a devastating fire broke out. By week's end, ithad taken 10 lives, More deaths are possible, since 90 people remain in hospitals. The OLvASOTT SZOVEG ERTESE cafe's owner said the blaze started when a revelers sparkler ignited pine boughs deco- rating the ceiling. The Duteh govemment announced it would pursue striter flame- retardant standards in clothing after police reported that flammable party dresses of syn- thetic fobri¢ had made the vietims' burns far worse. E Jebba ‘The worst loading in Nigeria for 30 years submerged hundreds of villages. Heavy sea- sonal rains swelled the Niger and Kaduna Rivers, forcing the authorities to open three {dams and allow water to rush across the country’s central states. Worst affected was Niger state, a farming region, where plantations, bomes and roads have been swept away. Casualty figures were sketchy, but at least 300,000 people have been left homeless, (©) Anwhich disaster did the most people lose their homes? (1) Which discster had been the worst ofits kind for s hundred years? @) Which discster was caused by a person? @) Which disester resulted in both deaths and destruction in several countries? @) Which of the disasters happened on a busy transport route? 8) Which discsteris only one of many similar catastrophes in the country where it happened? (In which disaster were there no injured people? (2) In which place are they still looking for survivors? (8) Which ofthe disasters threatened or killed animals? ©) Which country provided no exact information about the number of people killed cr injured? (00) Which disoster will result in the changing of a law? WosDaV “@OtvasotT sZ6VEG ERTESE You are going to read a story about the life of rich man. Paris of the text are mixed up. Put the parts (Aw) ino the correct order. Write your answers In the boxes below. There Is example (0) atthe beginni 2. FELADATSOR 1Was Trained to Work Hard A ‘enjoyed fulfilling our dream of expanding from coast to coast, he says of Lowe's, which now has more than 1,000 stores nationwide, with annual sale of more ‘han $30 billion. The man I went to work for in 1946 said, 'Stick with me and I'll make you rich, That might not be so easy to do today, but ‘you have that guy who started ‘Microsoft in his college dorm room! B_ Petro Pete’ Kulynyrich made his millions in the old-fashioned way: He started at the bottom, 28 the bookkeeper for a small hardware store in North Wilkesboro, N.C. Eveniualy, that store grew into the Lowe's hardware chain and he needed a top executive CC —Teatned $21 to $25 a month, and sent part oft home to feed other family mem- bers, says Kulynych, ‘Twas trained to work bard.” D’ Like many members of his generation, Kulynych has always been cautious with ‘money, ‘I never bought a Cadillac until T could weite a check for i’ he says." ive in a small town and don't stick out any more than the guy down the street who works in the service station. E Because of splits and dividends, one share of Lowe's stock bought for $ 12.25 ‘when the company went public in 1961 is now worth § 28,000, F Actually, Kulynych, 83, started below the bottom. The son of Ukrainian immi- ants, he left Pennsylvania's coal mining country after high school to work for the Civilian Conservation Crops and helped build the Blus Ridge Parkway through the Appalachians. G Spending his entire career with one company never got boring, says Kulynych, ‘because the company was growing by leaps and bounds, and because he did so many dif- ferent things ~ such as running the company’s foundation and working on retirement plan, HAs the first employee of the Lowe's chain, Kulynych was always on the execu tive team ~ "We were all CEOs he says. He became a managing director in 1978 and retired in 1983. 1 He ister moved to the National Park Service, attended the Merchant Marine ‘Academy, pot married, served in World war Il, thea used his GU benefits to pay for account ing school. In 1946, he was hired by two brothers-in-la, named Lowe and Bucham, who ‘owned what was then Nora Wilkesboro Hardware, [is starting salary was 525 « werk J Kulynych’s fortune grew with the company. When he retired, he not only benefited from the profit-sharing plan, but also had accumulated “ots of stock options from the early days! of: f2f3f4]s]e«6f7][sfs B @)7 _PROBAERETTSEGI ANGOL NYELVBOL ~ EMELT SZINT {ext about some meanings of expressions with the word ‘cross Your task wil be to maich the fret halves of sentences (13) with the socond haives (AG), ‘There Is an example (0) atthe beginning. Crosses (©) Scandinavians used crosses to mark the edges of their territory. GQ) Wecross two fingers to @) Making the sign of the cross is supposed (0 3) Children cross ther fingers when they (Kids say ‘cross my bear and () When people are ‘cross as two slicks they (©) When people eross swords with each other, they wosaviag & ‘A. mark the edges of their eritory E are angry B keep away evil spirits F tell srall les, © make an X with their fingers G have an argument D_wish somebody luck 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 You are going 1o hear a toxt about travelling to dilfarent places. The table shows some of tho facts from the text. Puta fick (ia the appropriate box to show whether these facts are {tue of Ball, Thalland or Sr Lanka. There Is an example (0) for you, ‘Travelling Tite place has Ball] Thailand piven rice terraces and Tels y beautiful emples Buddhist in its purest form ‘village culture that is worth visiting Tour statues of Lord Buddha ‘eardrop-shape ea plantations Thandicraft em to Buy an ancient city on rivers2, FELADATSOR, 0} o @ @) @ @ o a @ in the gaps In the Human Touch Required ‘Today robots are so insensitive, they might vacuum granny. Manufucturors would lke to cover & ‘body with the artificial skin, ‘The new artificial skin senses both pressure and ‘This new material is not only sensitive, bu Robots today are mainly used in Robots are still not able to sense In their surroundings. However, with the artificial skin, robots ean leara to be ‘The new skin is flexible enough to be rolled round a robot The new net-structured product is by 25% when tension is applied. (7 PROBAERETTSEG! ANGOL NYELVBOL — EMELT SZINT fraskészség [Ta sg Taran Sn SR cel You have seen the fellowing advert in an Ameriean magazine: ‘Celebrity Photos-AMfovie Posters Write to: Photoworld V P.0.Box 20740, Houston TX 77227 You would like to gel some posters for your frend for hisiher birthday as a present. Wirt letter of 120 words In which you Inquire about two lems you would lke to get the prices the way of erdring the method of payment the possibilty of geting a free catalogue bo nat include any personal particulars or postal addresses. Dear Sit or Madan, Your foreign frend sill has a problem. She can't decide whether to go to university n the rents of to apply to a better univers 1d place to live there. She has asked for your town whore she lives and continue iving with he ty lina town 300 kilometres away and try o| coplaton. ‘irlte a letter of 250 words Including the following points: = your plans after leaving schoot the advantages / disadvantages of the frst option the advantages /dleadvontagos of the second option 2 your advice what would you do if you were In her shoes: Do not include any personal particulars or postal addresses. Dear Jill wswavad7 PROBAERETTSEGI ANGOL NYELVBOE ) 3. feladatsor Olvasott sziveg értése Foad this aricle about chocolate shop. Then read the statements that follow the text, ‘and decide Il they correspond to whl the article says. It the statement is obviousty true according tothe article, mark it A, {Wwhat it says Is obviously alee according tothe article, mark it. {there is not enough information inthe article to decide Wt is true or false, mark I. Wirite the letters in the boxes under the numbers, An example (0) has been given for you. MARY Not far ftom the Belaian royal palace, the small shop called Mary, with its soft blue car- poting, Louis XIV fumiture and carefal lighting, has the fecl of an elegant jeweler store or pethaps an art gallery I is an appropriate setting for Mary's artistic, jewel-like wares: fine Belgian chocolates ~ many say the finest in a country where chocolate is taken very seriously. Mary is one of the last chocolatiers to make all its delicacies on the premises ~ simple bars with nuts, truMes and, of course, the Famous Belgian bonbons known as pralines. The shop's more than 70 differeat types of pralines are filled with everything from caramel 10 Cointreau fo hazelnut paste, Founded in 1919 and serving its fourth generation of clients, including the royal court, Mary, despite its renown among free-spending chocoholies, has no other branches or stares, ‘We want to maintain control of the quality,’ says co-owner Fanny Lamberty, who with her husband Jean took over the Mary shop in 1980, The original Mary was Marie Dellue, who adopted the yo gain an international flavour. She passed the business on fo one of her shop clerks, Hléne Landrin, who found in the Lambertys faithful successors to tradition. Jean, with «vo assistants, makes pralines ‘every morning in the basement atelier, pouring ht liquid chocotate into small moulds, toasting his own almonds and whipping his own eréme fraiche filling, Such handcraft: edcare dos nt come cheap, and at S43 per kg fora standard assortment, sales ar slow jn these tough times, Fanny admits, but we're Keeping our head above (0) The shop called Mary also sells jewellery (1) Chocolate has a symbolic imporiance in Belgian culture (2) Most Belgian chocolate makers still manufacture their wares in their own shops. G) All chocolate delicacies are called pralines in Belgium, (4) Chocohoties spend more than a thousands dollars each year in Belgian chocolaticrs (8) Mary has more than 70 branches all aver Belgium. (©) The founder ofthe shop called it Mary to make it sound more international (7) Helene Landrin chose the Lambertys to be her successors from several applicants, (8) Jean makes the delicacies all by himself. (9) Manufacturing and selling chocolate isa profitable business. Otvasorr sz6veG ERTESE ‘Rood this frst part of a mags bout why a woman became: sentences have teen removed from the text. Choose the right sentences fromm the ist (é-H) to fil the gaps (16). There fs one extra sentence that you do not need. Write the lelier of the correct answer in the hoxes below. There Is an example (} atthe beginn ‘Bad Idea, fou'll Flunk Out! ‘When I was in high school in Kentucky in 1974, {was into the arts. (0)___ Twas an artist. [had no chemistry, no physics and no calculus at all. But one day st a manda- tory high schoo! ‘ecture, a civiengineering professor from the University of Kentucky artived to speak, showing all these renderings of buildings. (1) _ ‘And accord- ing to him, 1 could improve the quality of life for people and be a problem solver a ‘My mather had a motto that I have followed to this day: "Ifyou really ‘want 16 do someting, you put your mind to it. @) _'So when I told her, she said, ‘Groat! ‘Then reality hit when I went back to my guidance counselor the next day and I told him that instead of being a lawyer or an interior decorator, I now wanted to be an engineer. He looked at me and said, ‘Bad idea, You have not scored on your aptitude test to be an engineer. (4) "Then I went to my math teacher, and she said the same thing, "Bad idea. You'll funk out" went to my grasdmother, and her reaction was, (5) * And that's what really solidified it, [had 1wo people tell me I wasn't intelligent enough, which I couldn't under= stand because I was a straight-A student, and now I had someone else tell me that it was a man’s job. () ‘And I did In 1978, I graduated from Purdue University in three years with 3 B¥ average and a degree in civil engineering ‘A. You're not made up to be an enginest. BL as fascinated withthe Fact dat T might actually be able to draw and get pad fori Neither one of you should be here because women should not be in engineering, D_ 1 was a dancer, in the drama elu, on the debate team, E_ So J was hound and determined to prove everyone wrong. F Well, became so excited, I went home and told my mother, a teacher, that | wanted to be a civil engincer. G Dor't let anyene ever tell you that it can't be done, HL Isn't thal a man's job? ° 1 2 3 4 5 6 D SS)3, FELADATSOR OLvasoTT sz6veG ERTESE ) Inthe folowing texts you wil tnd lips for louriets traveling to \ropieal countries. The tiles ‘ofthe paragraphs (0-8) have boon removed, Match the tiles and the texts, and write the fet {er of the correct answer in the boxes below. Theve fs one extra letter you do not need. ‘There is an example (0) for you. ‘Tropical Travel Tips © Money i We recommend the purchase of travellers cheques for the bulk of your holiday expen- ture, with a small amount of local currency for initial sundry items. Major eredit cards are also widely accepted in all the destinations inthis brochure, In some cases local cur- rencies may have to be purchased after arrival or there may be resitietions on the amount ‘you are permitted to buy in advance. a of In Mexico, during elections, which run for three days, the local Government decides ‘usually the day before, whether aleobol can be served in hotels or not (2) oer Depending on your luck and Tocation, there may be blackouts. Tolerance and patience are the recommended response, Medical Advisory Services for Travellers Abroad (MASTA) are now able to provide you with upsto-date information for your tip. Telephone 0906 82 24100 for ‘Health Brief which will give you information about the immunisations that you may require, health nevis and Foreign Office advice. Calls are charged at 60prinin at all times, and normally last about 4 minutes, Be prepared to leave your name, address and joumey details. “ Time differences from the UK to the Tropics mean that your flight will ative up to 5 or 6 hours behind for flights to the Wes, Also, lights tothe West often attive back in the UK, the day after they depart. For example: a flight departing from Cancun on a Sunday afternoon, arrives in the UK on a Monday moming. Please bear this in mind when look- ing at flight times on the Dight pages © ‘The sin should be treaied with respect ~ the more so the closer you gett the topics, and especialy in the winter, when your skin's completely unprepared. Make sure you take enough sun lotion with you~ it can be had (0 find locally ~ use it, and go easy on OLVASOTT SZOVEG ERTESE the sunbathing, panicularly in the first few days. Watch out for signs of burning, heat exhaustion or sunstroke and make sure you drink lots of (non-alcoholic) fuids to avoid dehydration, yee Eee Ee Can be a real nuisance, especially a night. Take repellant, Woswaviad & nye pee Ace a possibility, though unlikely ityou stick to tourist hotels and restaurants. If you do cat elsewhere, look for good standards of hygiene, be very wary of shellish, and drink ‘only bottled water {Oy eee eee ‘Their season in the Caribbean Iasi from around July to October, though even then your chances of encountering one are very slim A Hurricanes F Travellers Health Line B Sun G Gastric ailments © Money HE Long hau! flights D Mosquitoes T_ Visa requirements Electricity J Alcohol restrictions o 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 c‘3. FELADATSOR OLvASOTT szOVEG ERTESE ) You are going to read an article about the colour ofthe sky. For each question (1-8) choose the most appropriate answer trom options (A, B or C). Wiite the flter of tho answers in the boxes below. There is an example (0) a the beglaning, Why Are Skies Blue Instead of Purple? When seeing colours, physiology is just as important as physics ‘The shy is blue ~ physicists tll us ~ because blue fight in the suns rays bends more than red light. Bu this exia bending or scattering, applies jut as much fo violet light, soit is teasonable o ask why the sky isn't purple. ‘The answer, expined fully forthe Fist time in a new sefentie paper, is in the eye of te beholder. "The traditional way that people teach this subject is that the sunlight is scltered ~ more 0 for shorter wavelengths than for longer ones says Glenn Smith, an engineering peo- fessor at Georgia Tech. "The other half of the explanation is usually le out: hove your eye perceives this spectrum, ‘While weiting a physics textbook some years ago, Smith noticed that physiology usual ly gets short shri, even though the spectrum of skylight = when analysed ~ is about qual parts violet and blue Smith has written an article for the July issue of the American Journal of Physies that puts the physics of ight ogether withthe physiology of haman “This is nothing that people who work with eyes haven't known fora Tong time,’ Smith told LiveScience. ‘just had not scenit all in one place before The physies behind secing blue skies ‘The physical explanation forthe blveness of the sky is atributed to the work of Lord Raylefgh in the 19% century. Asa common prism reveals, sunlight is made of all the colours ofa rainbow. When light from the sun enters Earth's atmosphere, itis scattered, or defected, by moleeales in the almesphere ~ primarily nitrogen and oxygen, Shorter wavelengths (blue and violet) ate scattered more than longer wavelengths (red and yellow). So as we look in a direction af the sky away from the sun, we see those ergts that are bent most, ght of day is actually @ complex spectrum of many different wavelengths, but it is dominated by light with wavelengths between 400 nanometers (violet) and 450 nanome- ters (blue), A nanometer is | billionth of meter, (0) Which fight bends the least? A Violet. B Blue, C Red. (1) The sky isn’t purple because of the. A bending ofthe sunlight. B sensitivity ofour eyes, C scattering of the sunlight eB OLVASOTT sz6vEG ERTESE (2) The role ofthe eye in seeing the spectrum is. Avusvally neglected. AFify-fity A similar in kine BB the most important factor. C explained in detail, ) What is the proportion of violet to blue in the spectrum of skylight? B More violet than blue. (4 Physies of tight and physiology of human vision are. 1B mentioned separately (5) People have been deating with the issue . A recently B for yes, (© Lord Rayleigh was the first who Aworked 25 a physiologist, (The sunlight entering the Earth is scatered by Aa common prism. (8) When we lock in the direction of the sky, we see B the rainbow. Acshoster wavelengths, B longer wavelengths. () Ananometeris Ate same as ameter B shorter than C More blue than violet woswvaviag € C closely related C frequently. B gave reasons for blueness. C saw the sky blue, C nitrogen and oxygen molecules, C both wavelengths longer than3, FELADATSOR 7 PROBAERETTSEGI ANGOL NYELVBOL — EMELT SZINT_} Hallott széveg értése You are going to hear 2 text about Gozo and Malta. Choose tne best answer (A, 6, C oF D) to complote the sentences. Your task will be to write the correct eters in the boxes at the bottom ofthe pas () Gozo is said to be Malta's _younger sister A younger Bolder C happier D smaller (1) There was little development in Gozo until the 1970s Aagricultural B politcal C industrial D cultural Q) Malta is than Gozo, A bigger Bemaller C pretior Deleaner @) You can see items from history in Mata Ald Beveryday Conique D some (4) Maina is the capital of Malta, Aold B unofficial Crew D caltural (5) Maina is the _ city in the worl. Abest Boldest C pretiest D smallest (© It was the seat ofthe of the islands Aking B parliement C mayor D government (7) Cita Vecchia means the city. Ayoung Boid C happy D small (8) Meina is built on__ and Arab remains, ARoman B Turkish C Greek D English (9) Old famities opened and restaurants. A factories Bioiels C shops D schools of: f2],3 7a s]e]r]sa]o 4 ( HALLOTT SZOVEG ERTESE In this section you are golng to hear a text on sleep cofieloney. Your task willbe to elle the leer) of the correct answere) Inthe boxes on the right. Please note that inthis task both answers may be correct. However, there is always at least one correct answer, This ‘means you might have to clicle one or two letters. AL the end, you will have some more time to check your answers. There is an example (0) for you atthe beginning It's Time for Bea Woswernd e 0, Not having enough sleep (is typical ofthe 204 century. @s @) will ot be a problem inthe 21 century. 1. Ifyou don't sleep enough, you might inflict harm on AB (A) yourself. (B) other people. 2. Dr Stanley Coven claims that lack of sleep played a role in AB (A) the Chernobyl nvclear accident (B) the disaster of the space shutsle Challenger. 3. According to Coren AB (A) sleepy drivers are just as dangerous as drunken drivers (B) drink driving is to be blamed for 20% of car accidents, 4. Experts are seriously worried about AB (A) the immediate consequences of sleep debt (B) the long-term effects of sleep debt 8. Shift workers .. AB (A) adapt quickly and are not disturbed by disrupted sleep. (B) suffer from more health problems than the rest of the population. 6. Human growth hormones play an important role in AB (A) bow much we sleep (B) ageing,HALLOTT szOvEG ERTESE ) (7 PropagReTTseGI ANGOL NYELVDOL — EMELT SZINT | Youare going to hear aradio programme about the history of the questions with no more th x08, Your task ie to answer 4 words. There Is an example (0) atthe beginning, nN (ory of Taxes 3, FELADAR (0) Where is the speaker? ___in a wig shop (1) When were wigs particularly popular? (2) When was the tax on wig powder introduced? (@) How neh was the tax on powdered wigs in 1815 in today’s money? (4) How offen did people have to pay the window tox? (8) What manufactured goods did people have to pay taxes on? (mention three) (6) What did people have t pay domestic taxes on? (mention two) (2) What is Priscilla Burton and Nigel Notts job? (8) Who killed Thomas Carswell? (©) What did Carswell's murderers smuggle? (G0) Where did they hide it? fraskészség magazine. You are Interested In going there In your eummer holiday. Write an email of shout 150 words Inwhlch you persuade your best frlend to jon you. woswraviad ‘Where al your dreains Come Thue no maior how old yow are? ‘As soon as Mickey and his ftiends have gone to bed, Disney Village comes alive ‘with its bars, restaurants, and live music. Here, you can catch up on all the atest films at the cinema or dance the night away at Hurricanes night-club and, the shops stay open late, 100. there's just so much going on here! ‘inte about + Wy you think it would be a good idea to go what the soste would be ((ravelling, accomodation, entrance fees ele; = ow the tyo of you could raise the necessary money * what further information you nee o not include ary personal particulars or postal addresses. Dear Pete, on ‘You found the folbwing lotlr In a teenage magaz year ago Twas happy and slim with Tots of fends. Now Tam finding W hard to cope. I feel miserable and have started comforting myself with chocolate, cakes and biscuits. Every time it happens I feel so guilty I have to throw it all up. I hate feel- ing this way, being sick and having a sore throat. But mostly I hate the fact that I think slim is beautiful and that can only achieve it by doing this. Is there a way out? Kate, 18 Wilt a fetter of atout 200 words to Kate and give hor some advice about how to avoid eat- Ing to0 many sweets and feeling bad about It. include the following pont: = ‘how to be positive = at to do when testing low + what one ean do to be heallhy and sm Do not Include ary perconal parloulate or postal addresses. Dear Kate,7 PROBAERETTSEGI ANGOL NYELVBOL 4, feladatsor Olvasott sziveg értése ea ead this article about old maps. Then look at ine eetinitions given alter the text Your ask | to find a word or phrase for each éefiniton in the paragraph which has the same num ‘ber as the word or phrase. Write the words en the dotted lines. There Is an example (0) at the beginning. ‘The Mapmakers (@) We all take maps for granted, But it has not always been so. In fact, most of the world was discovered long before men knew how to record accurately what they had found. And when cartography started it was an art more than a science. (1) That is what makes the collecting of early maps such a fascinating and rewarding pastime: it is both a voyage of historical discovery and an exercise in artistic appre« ciation @) Mapping as we know it started ~like so many other things — with the Egyptisns and the Roman Empire. In around AD 120, Ptolemy was working as an astronomer and geographer at Alexandria on his atlas ofthe known world. He even developed the- ories of longitude and latitude. He was sound on the Mediterranean, but fairly vague about most parts beyond it (3) The most remarkable achievement of Ptolemy was that thirteen and a half centuries later, when the printing press made its fist appearance, his work was still the best source available forthe first printed maps in 1477, (4) This was because between the period of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance, a school of theological’ cartographers had grown up: these mapmakers were less interested in the evidence of exploration than in the theories of the church, They argued that Jerusalem (or sometimes the Garden of Eden) must be the centre of the Maps like the famous Hereford Cathedral Map of 1280, which is cireular and five feet across, not only shows Jerusstem at the middle but Paradise atthe top. It may have been reassuring to the monks, but it hardly helped travellers to find their way. (6) Although there were a few truly oulstanding fourteenth-century maps, like the famous Catalan Atles which showed trade routes across the Sahara and served to inspite Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal, it was in the century afler the dis- covery of printing that map-making really took off This was the age of the Discoveries: first ihe Portuguese and later the Dutch and others were opening up the ‘waterways of the world, and as nev geographical knowledge flooded into Europe, so 1 generation of great cartographers sprang up to codify the new evidence available, (1) The Venetians, who had always been very seerctive about their mapmakine, were soon superseded by the Dutch as the masters of the new craft, Colourists and 6 ( OLvasoTT sz6veG ERTESE .vers tamed their hands to mapmaking: Mereator was born in 1512 end devel- ‘oped his ‘projection’ which enabled a round world to be represented on a fat page (8) Ortelius produced a highly decorative eight-page map of the world in the 1560s, and Hondius produced maps in the early 1600 with small scraps of local history or legend written in Latin alongside the places where these events happened. (0) to accept something without questioning its rightness 10 ake something for granted (1) extremely interesting Tee @) not elearly desecibed (G) something that is successfully finished oF gained through skill and hard work (4) fc asignor object hat gives proof reasons obalive oF agree Wh amg (8) comforting, making fiee from fear ot worry (6 to encourage the desire and ability to take effective action (7 liking to keep oxe's thoughts, intentions or aetions hidden form other people (8) the words that explain a picture, map, table etc, WOSWavInE4, FELADATSOR Owasort sz6veG ERTESE ) ‘ead his article about the Alexandria Library. Then read the statemonts that follow the text ‘and decide If they coreespond to what the article says. It the statement says the game ae the artiele, mack it A. IW what it says is diforent trom what the article says, ‘tt says something that is not mentioned Inthe article, mark iC. Wirite the letters in the boxes. An example (0) has been glen for you. The Bibliotheea Alexandrina ‘This truly remarkable project was first mooted in the 1970s. 1 has been backed by UNESCO, which issued an sppeal to all nations to support the project, which aims 10 create a modem public reseatch library as a centre for culture, science and academic research. In particular, it will promote study of Alexandrian, Egyptian and Mediterranean civilisation, ‘The library is located on the Comiche, near the city cenie, just behind the Silsilah Peninsula; the presumed location ofthe original library inthe ancient royal quarter, The building is being created by Snohetts, a team of very young Norwegian architects, ‘whose striking design won an architectural competition. Construction on the 45,000 ‘square-metre site began in 1987 and is scheduled to be finished by early 1999. The diameter of the eanhquake-proof building's giant base is 160 metres. Its total floor area will be 80,000 metres square. Four of is storeys are subterranean, the others go up in steps, in keeping with the sloping glass roof of the building. ‘The library reading area will eccupy these great plateau-like steps so that readers will be able to profit from the sea view. A part of this area will serve a a publie library with ‘open-access shelving. The higher levels will be reserved for academic research and the rest of the books and resources will be stored towards the back and underground. These will include all the latest computerised formats. ‘The library's collection is being assembled almost from scratch. AS its inauguration, it is expected to contain about 200,000 volumes, including 10-15,000 manuscripts and rare books, and the same quantity of andioivisuaV/multimedia resources, as well as 50,000 maps. Part of the complex will bea science museum, a calligraphy museum, @ planctarium, a school of information science, exhibition areas and auditora, a restauration and conser- vation laboratory. It will give employment to 400 people. The whole construction and resoureing of the library is thought to be going to cost about 172 million dollars. (0) The project was originally supported by the UNESCO (1) The main aim ofthe project is to promate the culture of ancient Cental Aftca 2) The Hbrary is stated at its original sit @) The library is being built by a group of architects, who produced the best design (4) _ By the time you can read the article, the building wil surely have been completed. 6 © o @ o OLVASOTT SZ6VEG ERTESE Some of te floors are under the ground. ‘The resear:h area will be found on the lower levels Lackily, there area lot of manuscripts preserved. ‘The libeary will provide a play-area for children, too. ‘The complex will house a museum of the art of waiting as well. Wosnavad4, FRLADATSOR Ouvasott sz6veG ERTESE } ( OLVASOTT SzOVEG ERTESE ‘Read this article about an Indian art. Some words have been removed from the text. Choose the tight words form the ist (AN) tol the gape (Tet) Theee are two extra words that you do ot need. Wile your answers inthe boxos Below. Thare Is an example (0) atthe begining Prince Charles Picks Ecuador Indian for International Prize ‘A Secoyan Indian, who lives in the heart ofthe Ecuadoran jungle, has been chosen by the Prince of Wales and a panel of seven judges asthe winner of the largest international art competition ever held, writes Catherine Milner Ramén Pinguje, who lives with his family in a hut with no (0) electricity or run ‘and who has to travel for two hours by canoe to buy his paints, beat 255 (1) _ from 51 countries to win the United Nations An Exhibition, Asked to paint a work on the (2) ‘of "My Country in the Year 2005! Mr Fi won the £10,000 prize money witha canvas depicting the tees near his (3) ‘The Prince of Wales, who chaired the pane, said Me Piaguje's (4) gifted’ and ‘poignant "Given the diversity of (8) ng water, a s highly represented in the competition, many artists, ike Ramén, expressed similar (6) ‘and fears for their natural environment, he soi. Mr Piaguje first picked up a (7) five years ago when an American anthro: pologist who had been studying the Secoya Indians spotted him drawing and gave him some (8) of paint He entered the (9)___having been encouraged by the woman who supplies him ‘with paint inthe city af Quito, "Lwanted to deliver a (10) to the world aboot the importance of keeping this, “Tung of the world’ free ftom poliution and (11) Mr Piaguje sad. ‘An exhibition of Mr Piaguje's work and that of te other entrants will be on show atthe Mall Galleries in London on February 23 — before moving to New York, A competition 1H message B antists 1. paintbrush C cultures J. portrait D destruction K prizes E electricity L tubes F hopes M theme house N work You are going to roads toxt about Iuel cells. The paragreph headings are missing irom The text. Choose the right heading from the list (A-F) for each paragraph. There Is an extra heading that you donot need, There Is an example (0) at the beginning. Puc calls (0), Here youll find everything you always wanted to know about these mysterious power plants that produce electricity from nothing more than hydrogen and ai. w Fuel cells are always regarded os the most promising form of altermative dive system on account of thei high level of efficiency and low - in some eases even zero emis sions. DaimlerChrysler regards fuel cell technology as highly significant, as i isnot only much more environmentally friendly than conventional deive systems but also offers an opportunity for introducing altemative fuels: it uses hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity. When several fue} cells are connected up in series to form ‘stack’ an electric eurent is produced ~ and the only by-products ae heat and pure water, @ ‘The structure of eel eels very simple: An electrolyte, or proton exchange membrane (PEM), consisting of a coated plastic film is sandwiched between two gas- permeable electrodes made of graphite paper. The PEM is about the thickness of an overhead slide and, asthe name ipies, allows protons to passthrough it @ 2 Hydrogen fed to the anode side ofthe PEM and oxygen othe eathade side. The mem- brane keeps the two gases apart while a thin layer of eatalyst makes the bydrogen mol- cules split into prctons and electrons. @). “The posliively charged hydrogen protons ae able to passthrough the membrane, creat ing an excess negave charge at the anode and an excess positive charg at the cathode the two poles are connected outside the fuel cell an eleczie current will flaw and can be used to power an electic motor. A How does a fue! cell work? B The chemistry ofthe fuel cell © Simple structure D Focus on emission E The secret isin the membrane. F Hydrogen plus sr equals power o 1 2 3 4 4 = 8“4, FELADATSOR 7_PROBAERETTSEGI ANGOL NYELVBOL ~ Hallott sziveg értése oH You are going to hear a text about the Massal the sentences in no more than 3 words. The ‘The Massal of Kenya (@) The Massai live in Rif Valley in_East Africa, (1) The animals they keep are ; and 2) Bach of their villages is in fact an extended @) Their original homeland was to the ‘of the present Massailane, (4) To be considered wealthy, a Massai man should have a lot of +35 well as many and (5) To be able to have one wife, a Massai man should have (6) Their traditional diet included and (1) Among their favourite pastimes are and (8) One product the Massai are famous for world-wide is ask: ere In hls section you will hear a text about le expectancy. Your task wl be to write the (etter af the correct answor inte boxes onthe ight Thar sen example (0) he beginning Beyond 2000 (0) The French woman is x wi (] 10 © 00. (1) She once was Vineent Van Gogh's { (A) housemaid (B) neighbour (©) solicitor, (2) In return for her home, a lawyer offered her. im (A) to pay @ monthly sum for the rest of her lite (B) to put her up in his own home, (©) apledge that he would place her in a retirement home. (G) Life expectancy in Shakespeare's day was (A) around 50, B) 65. (O)_ below 40. Ce HALLOTT sZ6vEG ERTESE (4) Today the average life expectancy in Britain is rr (A) between 75 and 80, (B) between 4) and 50. O 65, [ ToRMVET (8) One of the most important reasons for this increase in life expectancy is... (A) more money. LJ (B) the faster Face of life (©) better healhcare (6) The text implies that (A) doctors can now cure all kinds of problems. {B) AIDS is nct such a serious problem any more (C) heart disease and cancer killa lot of people, In this section you are going to hear someone tak about how to look one's best at aob Interview. Your tach is to give short anawers to the questions below. There Is an example ) at the beginning. How to look winning at an interview (0) What docs appearance mirror? (1) What medium do lawyers live in? a (@) What colours siould applicants fora lawyer or attomay avoid? personality @) How long should ladies’ skirts be? (4) What isthe diamond on men's suit? (8) What impressicn should scholars try to achieve? (@) What kind of soit isthe best for scholars? (2) What shoutd aris emphasise? (8) What cuts should be avoided? — (9) What is the main job requirement for applicanis in teaching, heal or office work? (10) What is the best colour to wear ota job interviow for teachers?4, FELADATSOR 7 PROBAERETTSEGI ANGOL NYELVBOL — EMELT SzinT } iraskészség You are a subseriber to @ popular magazine "The Fock Star. The latest issue has not arrived yel and its more than a week overdue, Writ letter tothe publisher In which: 2 say who you are why you are writing 7 aby that issue Is #0 Important for you (e.g. there Is an article or a poster of your favourite pop star tn It) what you would like them to do. ‘rite formal fetter in 100 words, Do not include any personal particuiars or postal addresses. Begin your letter lke this: Dear Sir, ‘Some of your frends spend Saturday nights golng out tot 1a whille others preter to ‘watch DYDe at home. You have beon asked to write an article In your school magazine in ‘hich you discuss the pros and cons of each view. In your article of about 200 words include the following potnts: price of cinema tickets / DVD ttm ‘other people atthe cinema / company you watch DVD with atmesphere of a cinema / calmness of your home Tatest ime at the clnema / old time favourites on DVD ‘Add your ewn opinion, Cinema or DVD? 7 PROBAERETTSEGI ANGOL NYELVBOL 5. feladatsor Olvasott sziveg értése ead tis rele abot the daze Age Thee fs summary ofthe fx on below, Choose te Brower Ct tats In Wite te let o he correct erswern te Doves Ther fo ore tua ord you do rat ned tous. There's an example (0) he henna. All That Jazz ‘AC the end of Wordd War I, Europe was healing its wounds and America was looking toward the future, President Woodrow Wilson presented his Fourteen Point Speech, ‘whieh nid the foundation for the League of Nations. Yet in 1920 he was defeated by Warren Harding, who, along with Congress, refused to adhere tothe League of Nations, American women, who participated actively in the economy, obtained the right to vote this same year. Black Americans, who fought in segregated units during the war, refused to accept their status as second-class citizens, and racial tensions mounted. Meanwhile, Harlem became the capital of jazz. Charles Lindbergh made the first solo flight from New York to Paris. Airplanes were about to replace trains and boats. Organized crime ade a fortune bootlegging liquor during Prohibition. Talking pictures appeared in Hollywood, and the overall economy was soaring ~ until Black Thursday, the Stock Market Crash of 1928, followed by years of Great Depressio ED, Roosevelt proposed the New Deal to pull the country out of this economic crisis. War broke out in Europe and the US entered the war after the Japanese bombed Pear} Harbour In the Jaze.Age (0) while Europe was slowly recovering fiom the destructions of WW1, Americans were concentrating on the future. The two consecutive American presidents a fon the matter of the League of Nations. Women (2) the Fight To vote in that year, too. Black Americans refused to@)_______—tobe second-class citizens. (4) Tiguor in the Prohibition Era was 8 great source of getting (6) New Deal was the (6) to pull the US out of the Grest Depression, twas (7) by FD. Roosevelt A received D policy G many B ich B while Hi disagreed © continue F initiated 1 smuggling o 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 E5. FELADATSOR Otvasorr sz6veG ERTESE. Read the text about the Bronte sisters. Paris of some sentences have been removed from the text. Choose the ght parts trom the lst (AK) to fll the gaps (1-9). Thare Is one extra part that you do not ned. Write the letter ofthe correct answer Inthe boxes below. There {s an example (0) at tho boglaning, ‘The Brontés of Haworth In 1820 a new rector came to Haworth. He was the Reverend Patrick Bronte o The eldest child, Mari, was only 6 the youngest, Anne, a few wesks ole. iaworth was tobe their home for the eestof tei ives (2) - shaping thee characters and inspiring some of the most famous books ever written. ‘The eldest gins, Maria and Elizabeth, died in childhood, not long afer tie mother: The surviving children, Charlo, Branwell, Emily and Anne, shared a vivid imagination and from a very early age began writing stories together, 2) These imagi- hry worlds, which they continued to write about even as adulis, Wore as eal 0 them as the moors behind their home. As adults, however, they had to eam a fiving @) For the girs their expesi= ences, though unhappy, were 10 provide useful material forthe novels they wanted to ‘write. Tei first publication, a book of poerns (4) , was published under the pseudonyms of Currer, Ells and Acton Bellin 1846; 301d only two copies. year later, Charlotte's novel Jane Eyre was published () Emily and Ann also jointly published their novels Wuthering Heights and Agnes Gray inthe saine year but without rach success. To avoid publicity they used thir pseudonyms again (6) In Septernber 1848 the brian: but eratic Branwel died suddenly, having tried a variety of careers satis, pos, tutor ad railway clerk 1). Within nine months Emily and ‘Ann were also dead, all victims of consumption. Chavos, the last remaining child, was Ieftatone to look afer her aged father. Taking refge inher Writing, she produced wo more novels, Shirley and Hiete, and since privacy was no longer desirable she allowed her true idemtty 1 be known (8) In 1854 she marie he father's curate, the Reverend ‘Ave Bell Nicholls, (9) Me Nicholls stayed on at Haworth Parsonage forthe next six yeas o look after Mi Bronté. On his death in 1861 Mr Nicholls returned to his patve Ireland, where he ded in 1906, fify-one yeas afer Charlote Bron creating imaginary kingdoms peopled by real and fictitious heroes and heroines and began to enjoy her fume as an authoress to which they each contributed and he brought with him his wife, five daughters and only son and was an immediate best seller and therefore managed to keep the secret of their authorship and failed in all of them but after afew brief months of happy marriage she did in the early stages of pregnancy and therefore sought employment as governesses and teachers and she came to look after the family and it was to have a profound influence on them Qzmone> nee OLvASOTT SZOVEG ERTESE You are going to read a text about inleresting things that you ean do in Brita. The Key ‘Words are missing rom the text. Choose the appropriate koy phage from thelist (A-M) and write the letter of the corroct answer In the boxes below. There is an extra phrase you do not ned. There Is an example (0) atthe beginning. Fun Things to Do British Rail stopped using steam trains in 1968. But they have new become so popular that railway enthusiasts are allowed to run special excursions on main lines. There are also several private lines. For example, the train in Oskwarth station on the private Keighly and Worth Valley line. In Wales, there are several (0) small steam railways. They fun on narrow-gauge tracks and operate mainly in summer, There are several (1) in Britain, and the Romney, Hythe and! Dymeburch line in Kent is the world’s most Famous one you can travel on ‘There are several @) ‘you can go aboard, For example, the H. M. S. Victory, Nelson's flagship atthe Batle of Trafalgar, at Portsmouth You can go on (3) ‘on most big lakes and rivers. Look out for the monster if you go on Loch Ness. In (4) . everything is on a miniature scale, making you feel giant, At Bekonscot, in Buckinghamshire, the village includes a castle, a 200 and a railway. At most (3) thote isa viewing platform from which you can watch eeto- planes taking off ad landing, AA camera obscura is 2 room used as a camera in whieh (6) room are reflected on to a table. ‘Cheddar, in Somesset is one of the places where you can see (7) lagiites and stalactites, In) ‘objects are coated in stone by lime in the water, For instance, Mother Shipton’s Cave, Kzaresborough, from outside the with sta- ‘The (9) at Longleat has models and monsters used in the filming of the BBC television seis, Atthe (10) __, Dorchester, you can see fossils, skeletons and lifesize recon= structions ofthese ancient reptiles. Models of smugglers ané an underground adventure ‘with special effects can be found in St. Clement's Caves, Hastings. P caves A small steam raiiways J miniature railways B aimons G Dinosaur Museum K model villages © boat trips H Dr, Who Exhibition Lol ships D images L. dry stone wall M petrifying wells Wosivavigg *&OLVASOTT SZOVEG ERTESE of:1]f2,3fe«]>sfofa]s]o fw 4 5. FELADATSOR cry You are going to read a text about the ish language. Give short answers (maximum 4 Words) to questions (1-7). Write your answers on the lines next to the questions. There Is. 2n example (0) at the beginning. History of the Irish Language Irish is a Celtic language and, as such, is a member of the Indo-European family of lan- guages. Within the Celie group, it belongs to the Goidelie branch of insular Celtic. eis has evolved from a form of Ceti which was introduce into Ireland at some period dur- ing the great Celtic migrations of antiquity between the end of the second millennium and the fourth century BC. Old rsh, Ireland's vermacular when the historical period bepins inthe sixth century, AD, isthe earliest variant of Celtic languages, and indeed the earliest of European vernacu- Jars north to the Alps, in which extensive writings are extant. ‘The Norse settlements (AD 800 onwards) and the Anglo-Norman colonisation (AD 1169 ‘onwards) inttoduced periods of new language diversity info Ireland, but Irish zemained dominant and other speech communities were gradually assimilated, Inthe early six- teenth century, almost all ofthe population was Irish speaking, The main towns, howev- «prescribed English forthe formal conduct of administrative and legal business. ‘The events of the later sixteenth century and of the soventeenth century forthe first time undermined the statu of Irish as a major language. The Tudor andthe Stuart conquests ‘and plantations (1534-1610), the Cromwellian settlement (1654), and the Williamite war (1689-91) followed by enaciment of the Penal Laws (1695), had the cumulative effect of eliminating the Irish-speaking ruling classes and of destroying their cultural institutions. ‘They were replaced by a new ruling class, or Ascendancy, whose language was English, and thereafter English was the sole language of government and public institutions. Irish continued as the language of the greater part of the rural population and, fora time, of the servant classes in towns. From the middle ofthe eighteenth century asthe Penal Laws were relaxed and a greater social and economic mobility became possible forthe naive Irish, the more prosperous of the Irish-speaking community began to conform tothe prevailing middle-class ethos bby adopting English Irish thus began tobe associated with poverty and economie depri- vation. This tendency increased after the Act of Union in 1800. Paradoxically, towards the end of the eighteenth century the Anglo-rsh Ascendancy hhad begun to develop an acedemic interest in the irish language and its literature. ‘Academic interest later merged with a concem for the survival of spoken Irish as its decline became increasingly evident. OLvasoTT SZOVEG ERTESE Language-related activity grew throughout the nineteenth century and, following the establishment in 1893 ofthe Gaelic League, or in Irish Conradh na Gaeilge, the objective ‘of maintsining and extending the use of Irish asa vernacular fused with the renewed sep- aralist movement which culminated in the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922, (0) What family of languages does Irish belong to? (1) What is the eacisst variant of Irlane's language? (2) What was the official language in the 164 century? G) What happened tothe Irish language during the 16t* and 17 centuries? Indo-European (4) What language did country people speak around the 178 century? (6) What was Irish associated with in the 18% century? (6) What was the biggest worry in connection withthe Irish language in the 1B century? (7) How did tanguage-related activity change in the 19% century? woswaviag ©5, FELADATSOR 7 PROBAERETTSEGI ANGOL NYELVBOL — EMELT SZINT } ( HALLoTT szOvEG ERTESE Hallott sziveg értése You are going to hear the rules ofa game. Your task s to complete the notes in one or two. Words. There is an example (0) at the beginning. Battleships (@) First, you should take @ shest of __squared __ paper. (1) Battleships can be played or by a umber of people. (2) Draw-a grid and mark the with numbers, 8) Younced a map for your awa (4) The players have to agree on the number and the of the boats, (5) The boats must not each other o sty the stating player provides the ois or her shot. (7) Ifthe opponent has a boat in that square, they Say: (8) Ifthe opponent fires the lst square of a boat, you have f say: (9) Youray use a to mark missed shots. ‘You are going to hear a roport about tne dangers of skling. Your tack fa to write the letter ‘of the correct answer in tho corresponding box. There Is an example (0) at the beginning, ‘Skiing Safely (0) Accidents happen when skiers A) ate drunk, B) ski in the dark. ©) lose control, (1) Injories are frequently due to skiers A) being tired. BB) being too young, ©) being too old (2) Ifyou train for skiing in advance, you can A) avoid being hur. B) ski faster ©) save time during skiing. 8) Its best to take up A) running. B) swimming. © aerobics. (4) When hiring the equipment, it's important to cheek iF itis ‘A) modern enough. B) in good condition.) worth its price (Ws advisable to A) take professional ski instruction, B) ski alone. ©) take frequent resis. (6) Use protection cream against the sun A) in case of dazzling BY all the time, (©) when you have no sunshine, goggles. (D) Switable clothing always includes ‘A) a helmet B) gloves or mittens. ©) a seaf, In this section you are golng to hear the news. Your task willbe to complete the sentences, below. Give short answers. There is an example (0) al the beginning. ls ten __otelock (1) Theman police gunmen shot down was from 2) They shot him because they thought he was 2 @) Alex is the dead man's (4) In Egypt __— people were killed in bombings, (6) The Egyptiar police are looking for from Pakistan in connector with the bombings, (6) 'Child-lines'is a telephone service you can call if you got yourself (1) ‘Chilé-ines weeds to raise pounds to keep going, (8) Today the meximum temperature will be around — 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 c‘5. FELADATSOR 7 PROBAERETTSEGI ANGOL NYFLVBOL — EMELT szinT | iraskészség Emr You are staying in London and you have seen the following advertisement about a Halloween Party n'a magazine. You are interested In going. Find eut more about the pro ‘gramme. The Rad Lio Halloween W's a trick or treat adventure 1 October-2 November Come to our magic Halloween Party starring your fevourite film characters. Join the incredible monster Halloween Party on selected dates, this must be pre booked. For further details here’s the email of our contact person’ [email protected] Wirite an email of about 150 words In which you ask about the following points: hhow to get to the place = whet you need to be wearing + how 10 book: 2 the price and what It Includes + when the party starts Begin your emall ke this: ‘bo not include any personal particulars or postal addresses. Dear Ms Black, on You found a website on the internet inviting young people to contribute with an article on environment protection. Welte an article of about 200 words on the tople Include the folowing Ideas: why the protection of environment Isa hot Issue the importance of collecting rubbish selectively using less wropping material using glass bottles Instead of plastic ones, + the importance of household waste disposal ‘Add your own Ideas as well. Saving the environment by recyeling waste 7 PROBAERETTSEGI ANGOL NYELVBOL 6. feladatsor Olvasott sziveg értése ead this newspaper article about a marathon race. Parts of gome sentences have been fFemoved from the text. Choose the right ports from the lst (to fil the gaps (1-7). There Is one extra part that you do not need. Write the letter of the correct answers inthe boxes below. There Is an example (0) at the beginning Islanders offer rival marathon with clean air “Marathon runners wh prefer to take their exercise in unpolluted air are being urged to swap the streets of London or the palmlined, traffic-fee lanes of Tresco, one of he Isles of Scilly. ‘The island is hosting a healthy alternative marathon on April 16 ~ (0) in aid ofthe Cystic Fibrosis Trust ‘The nan has been orzanised by Peter Hingston, (1) and Philip Callan, the {general manager of he Island Hotel, the only hotel on the island, where Mr Hinston works as the head chef. ‘About 50 runners will compete over six four-mile laps of the subtropical island, Mr Callan, 31, said: ‘Peter and I have always wanted to run a marathon and thought @ Its agreat chance to raise awareness of the charity. Mr Hingston, 29, said: "We are very proud to host this marathon, Many of the residents of the five inhabited istands are keen to raise money for the trust. We realise how vital itis to find a eure. Tae istands are brilliant at pulling together (3) ‘resco, which lies off the Comish coast, 28 mites fiom Land's is one of five inhab- ited itands (4) _ It has a population of 160. Rosie Inge, an organizer of the marathon, said: ‘I's an amazing place to run. Theze are no cars ~ (5) ! We're hoping people from across the South will take par. Organizers hope the run will raise about £10,000 for the trust, which funds research into ceysti fibrosis, Britain's most common, life-threatening, inherited disease, (6) _ Entrants will pay £20 to take part in the Tresco run, to raise sponsorship money. They will be awarded a medal (1) For details and entry forms, contact Emma Warren at the Cystic Fibrosis Trust on 0181 4647211. whose two-year-ld daughter Jade was bom with eyatie fibrosis when there i a reed winning a marathon race the loudest noises birdsong the same day as the Flora-sponsored London marathon we would doit together in aid ofthe Cystic Fibrosis Trust affecting about 7,900 people in the country that make up the Isles of Selly if they complete te marathon mmoumone>6. FELADATSOR OLVASOTT SZ0VEG ERTESE } 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 E Ene Read the following pleces of news token from a newspaper. The heaciines Nave been Fomoved. Match the headlines (A-H) and the texs (1-10, ana put the letters inthe boxes blow. Thero are two extra letters that you do not need. There Is an exarnae (0) for Yok News Round-up © Four bursts of X-ray energy have alerted astronomers 10 a black hole j ‘years from Earth, practically on the doorstep in astronomical terms. 1,600 light (\) pense cannsaRnaR A five-year-old boy whose finger was trapped in @ kitchen sink overflow was taken to hospital, with the sink, by firefighters for dactors to fee him, in Colchester, Essex. @), Electricity meter readers in Vorkshire are being given herbal sprays containing cloves ‘and peppermint oil to ward off attacks by vicious dogs {c aisaiannaseainananaan A rian in his fifties who sank to his waist in mud and broke his ankle while climbing a cliff with his dogs was saved by firefighters and coastguards after he called them on his phone at Hordle, in Hampshire. @. eee Police called wo Manchester Airpost to deal with 13 raucous skiers dressed as nuns allowed them to board their flight for Austria on condition that they did not drink on the aireeal, ‘Springer spaniel, had an operation to remove IIb of pebbles from her stom- ach in St Leonards, East Sussex. ©) ‘A farmer, David Bode, found his Rolex watch in perfect working order in a river near Exelby, in North Yorkshise, seven months after falling in andl losing it CEE rE er ‘The dronken Moroccan capiain of a Bocing 737 was refused permission to leave Schipal Aigport, Amsterdam, for Tangiers after staggering across the runway. { OLvAsoTT sz6vEG ERTESE i Womae of 28 gave birth to sextuples, four boys and two girls, in Perugia, Born one every 20 seconds, they weighed 2ibs each, o Singapore warned that the influenza outbreak sweeping Europe and America has reached Asia {ry pSSsSEBSRISESBIESEESE A motorist, Ron Watkins, 35, and his daughter-in-law Hayley Hasketh, 19, escaped with minor injuries when their Mini Morris fell into a 9M hollow space which opened at a parking fot in Walsall, West Midlands. Hole swallows ear HE Pet hate Pilot grounded 1. Mobile saves walker Perfect timing 3. Heavy meal K Too many cooks L Tight squeeze A B c D Epidemic spreading E Hole in space r G Police first M Bad babits Six babios ofr [2,3 ]f4fs]e6fa]s]o]. WOSvavTad 96, FELADATSOR OLvasort sz0vec ERrEésE Read this article about a poliooman's ease. There is a gapped summary of the tex! Bot Choose the answer that Is elosest in meaning to what the article says. Welle the letters in the boxes asin the example (0 Court Tells PC to Pay Woman He Hit A policeman who scattered crowds with his patrol car and hit 2 woman in the face after she swore at him was banned from driving and ordered to pay £250 compensation to his vietim yesterday, PC Neil Abercrombie, aged 31, based at Enfield, north London, was found guilty by the Ceniral Criminal court, London, of reckless driving and assault. He was sentenced to 200 hours’ community Service. His lawyers said that they were considering an appes ‘The court was told that Abercrombie was helping to control a crowd gathered in a car park in Enficld town centre after England's defeat by Germany in the World cup on July “4 last year when the incident happened, His car struck Claire Dwyer, aged 19, she swore ind he hither, splitting her ip and cracking four of her teeth. Judge Myerson, QC, passing sentence, sid that police officers were subjected to great stress- ¢s in having to deal with serious situations at a moments notice. He told Abercrombie: ‘ nave come to the conclusion that you drove in that way because you misread the situation, rather than a deliberate attempt to sike tenor into those members ofthe public’ Noel Lucas, for the prosecution, said that Abercrombie drove aggressively about the ‘area, scattering many in a crowd of 100 young people. The crowd had been good bumoured but, as he circled them, he knocked into several ar forced them to jump cleat. The jury was told that he braked sharply, skidded and then accelerated, Miss Dwyer, who was one of the people he hit, swore at him and Abercrombie responded by hitting her in the face with his fist or truncheon, Mr Lucas sai, Summary A policeman in north London was sentenced by the Central Court for (0) dangerous driving and hitting a young women. He was working in car park after 2 o “He was driving around (2) in his patrol car trying to control the crowd which was (3)___. He knocked inio (4) __. When he hit the young ‘woman she (8) The policeman's reply was to hither in the face. She suffered o The policeman was sentenced to (7) and ordered to (8) tothe young woman, He was also banned from driving. The judge said he believed the policeman acted in that way because he (9) © (A) dangerous driving (B) biting a young woman (C) dangerous driving and biting young woman (D) knocking a woman down { OLvasorT (0) A) protest (B) football match (©) demonstration (D) meeting @) (A) careless (B) slow (©) peaceful (D) aggressive (5) (A) hit him, (B) cursed (©) laughed at him (D) promised him something (A) community work (B) detention (©) 200 hours in prison (D) assault SZOVEG ERTESE, 2) A) carefully {B) shaeply| (©) peacetlly (D) violently (4) (A) several people (B) one young woman (©) ajudge (D)aPC (6)(A) split ips (B) 4 scattered teeth (C) a broken face (D) a split lip and cracked teeth 8) (A) apologise (B) pay a visit (©) pay compensation (D) respond (9) (A) miscoad a traffic sign (B) misunderstood what was happening (©) attempted to stike terror (D) was agaressive deliberately woswvavtd “9OLWASOTT SZ0VEG ERTESE You are going to read about an old agricultural ceremony. Your task Is to gWve short answers in no more than four words tothe questions (1-7). Write your answers onthe lines ‘xt to the questions. There ls an example (0) atthe beglaning, 6, FELADATSOR ‘Treasure of the Andes Just before the First World War, an American explorer (ravelling in Peru witnessed an ancient agricultural ceremony. The celebrants were Quecha Indians, descendants of the Incas. The place was a hillside potato fleld near La Raya, a town 14,500 feet above sea level. Day had just dawned, and the air was bitter cold ‘The field had been marked into squares, separated by furrows fifteen feet apart, A long line of men stood by, waiting, their ponchas removed to free their limbs, Each man held a long-handled spade to which footrests had been lashed. Facing each pair of men was ‘woman of girl who remained fully covered, as the explorer imagined that modesty required. At a signal, the men shouted and Icaped forward for unison, driving their spades into the soil. Once these ‘plows had broken te tur, the women and girls turned the loose clods ever by hand, and the men worked their way across the marked field, ‘The American explorer noted that though plowing was "hard and painful! work, the ‘community effort made the task seem joyous. Everyone pitched in, and those who couldn't keep up were teased. ‘This spirit impressed the explorer, yet something puzzled him. The Peruvian landowner supervising the work wore European clothes and was, he remarked, ‘evidently & man of ‘means and intelligence’. A railroad even ran through the neighbourhood, Nevertheless, ‘western progress hadn't changed agricultural ifeat La Raya. The explorer saw no moder tools and was told that the Indians would use only those thelr ancestors had possessed, Te ‘guessed, then, that this kind of plowing went back before the Spanish Conquest (0) Who are Quecha Indians? descendants of the Incas (2) What were the men holding? 2) Why were the women fully covered? (8) What did the women use to turn the soil? (4) Why did the Indians enjoy the hard work? (5) What was the Peruvian supervisor weating? {6) What was the symbol of western progress (1) What kind of tools were used by the Indians?7_PROBAERETTSEGI ANGOL NYELVBOL — EMELT SZINT You are going to hear a text about the meaniags we give to colours in English, Your task willbe to writ the later ofthe correct answer in the boxes telow. There Is an exempte (0) woswavag 9 atthe beginning, Colours (®) —_Ifwe say that someone is ‘inthe pink’, we mean that they are healthy (1) Ifsomeone enjoys eating 'red hots’, he enjoys eating @) When you are blue, you are @) If we say that somebody looks green, we mean that he is (4) The colour ofthe back side of the dollar is (3) People who should not get work are on the ™ lis. (6) Reduced electrical power is called" ‘out (7) When you go out in the evening you the town red, (8) "Yellow fever is the name of a Johannesburg (®) How high above sea level is Johannesburg situated? 6,000 feet (1) What is the weather in Johannesburg like in winter? @) What ace restaurants like? @) What are Sandton, Hyde Park and Roschank? @ When is the Organic Market open? () What docs Sandion Square have to offer besides shopping, entertainment and meals? (©) Who did Herbert Baker design buildings for?6, FELADATSOR HALLOTT SZOVEG ERTESE } rH Srorn Inthis section you are going to hear a short excerpt from a radio show. Your task wll be to glve short anewore tothe questions below. There Is an example (0) atthe beginnin Virgin Radio (0) What is the name of the radio station? Virgin (2) What can you hear on the Drivetime Show? (2) When does the Drivetime Show stant? 8) Who is the BGR Bloomer service intended for? (4) What can they receive ? (5) How much do customers have to pay for this service? (© When can customers call BGR Bloomer? (7) What ean you win in the second advertisement? (8) In how many installments do customers have to pay for the new ear? ) y (8) When do they pay the last instalment? (G0) How much interest do customers pay? (7 PRowAkRETTséG! ANGOL NYELVBOL — EMELT SZINT fraskészség ‘You sew this advertisement In an English paper & ityou enjoy drawing CARTOONS This established home study course shows you how eam money fiom your drawings, Contact us London, NW 34,96 Green Sie ‘You are Intorested inthe job and have deelded to inquire for futher details. Wirt a lotor in 150 words to introduce yourselt to express your Interest Inthe course to ask about further details (ob, exam required, qualitiatlon} To inquire about the foe Do not include any personal particulars or postal adéresses, Dear Sirs, [735k ase epee eer er eR ese epee ‘The role of the media In advertising Is indisputable nowadays. You can gee advertisements {in magazines, papers and on television, Thoy influance people's lives significant, some like them and try ther best to get the product or service advertised, while others get ‘annoyed and ignore them totally. You have been asked to wrlle an article in your school ‘magazine la which you discuss the pros and cons of each view. In your article ot about 200 words Include the following points how advertisements try to attract people's attention the way advertisements manipulate people's thinking = the influence of advertisements on young people reliably of advertisements: whether they foster real values er not ‘Add your own opinion, Are advertisements useful or not? WosDNTaT7 PROBAERETTSEGI ANGOL NYELVBOL ) 7, feladatsor Olvasott sziveg értése Ena Read this arcle about Bermuds taken from the Vavel pages of a nevepaper. Inthe text all the questions are missing. Choose the right questions from the list (Ac) o fill the gaps (1-7). There is one extra sentence thal you do not need. Wile your answers In the boxes blow. There is an example (0) atthe beginning Insiders's Guide to Bermuda @______ [Noi as pleasant as you think if youre one of the many people who mistakenly believe Bermuda to be in the Caribbean, The average maximum temperature at this time of year is about 65F, and it can be rainy and windy to boot o ee Goods stuck on the docks and atthe alport. Nearly everything is imported but clearing customs can be a lengthy ordeal. Workers on almost continuous strike further binder the availability of goods. Another complain is the lack of ear parking space, worsening as the number of cars on Bermuda's few roads increases. @ cee Bermuda is @ melting-pot of nationalities and cach ~ from the Mediterrancan to the Caribbean ~ has brought its owa flavour. Fish chowder is a favourite dish with locals and toutisis alike ~ a tasty reddish-brown soup of local fish flavoured with, you guessed it, black rum and sherry pepper sauce, a Bermudan condiment. Locally caught fish, such a5 wahoo rockfish and tuna, also often appear on the menus, @) ee Its got to be the locally produced adverts, These little beauties have to be seen to be appreciated. Any first-year film student would be able to compete with the lamentable quality and content, A current favourite is fora supermarket where the staff are intro- duced as the camera sweeps around the store and soundbites are dubbed with hysterieat oO Elbow Beach on Chistinas day: Bermodans ae family-oriented and spend Christmas at hhome, unlike visitors who flock to the beach 1 partake in communal festivities, Santa hats and bottles of champagne predominate and the brave at heart even go swimming. Most Bermudans woulds't swim until summer has bees offically announced on 24 May. ( OLVASOTT 820VEG ERTESE © ‘There are loads of association clubs and bars on the island but areal gem is Hubbies Bar ‘on Angel Street atthe back of town. A tourist would never stumble upon it by accident U'san excellent Friday and Saturday night jazz venue with a relaxed, welcoming atmos. phere where dancing is encouraged. And if you fancy yourself as a jazz musician, the ‘band is only too willing for you to join thera in a jam. Admission is very reasonable and includes three drinks ~ a rnast for any jazz fan, o ee Inthe US. With more choice and prices 160 good to be true by Bermudan standards, trips to the home of consumerism are increasingly popular. They also help to keep the symp- toms of Rock Fever’ at bay — a complaint that many people suffer from if they haven't escaped the island in a while Preferred destinations include New York, Boston and Flori, a ‘A popular choice is the small, exclusive hotels seatered across the island where fine eu sine and luxurious surroundings provide a perfect escape. The Pompano beach club is just one where you can sit in the outdoor hot tub watching the sun setting while sipping the ubiquitous ram cocktail. paradise. Where do wealthy Bermudans do their shopping? What's the latest outrageous stuff on TV? What's the cool drink to drink? Where do the locals go that tourists don't know about? Wat's the weather bike? What are the Ieeals complaining about? ‘What’ the trendy place to escape fora few days? Where won't the locals dream of going? ‘What do people eat? smozmgase wOsDraW EZ7. FELADATSOR Olvasor? s2dvec ERTESE ) ‘Road the frst part of a newspaper arliele willl by arock star about his experience ol vis- Iting Japan. For each question (1-6) choose tho answer (A, B, C or D) that Is nearest in ‘meaning to what the aticle says. Write the appropriate letters in the boxes below. There is an example (0) fr you. The Placo That Changed Me Robert Palmer ‘When I first went 10 Japan, nearly 25 years ago, one of the first words I learnt was gai= Jin, the Japanese for foreigner. And this definition was true ina way that had never been ‘before. Until then I had never travelled to a place where | felt such a sense of being an alien, “oreigner’ All my natural behaviour scemed to break taboos. I was promoting an album atthe time but was hardly living the life of an outrageous rack sia. In fact, 1 was being as polite as I was able but still my careful manner somehow upsct people. AU this time there were very few tourists in Tokyo ~ Japan was still rather insular. I had the novel experience of being followed by wide-eyed children in identikit school eloth- ing who wanted to touch my hair. I say novel experience because although I was used to being recognised as a celebrity, this was differen, this was fascination rather than the hysteria and hounding that goes with being a rock star. And 1 was as fascinated by them as they were by me, Since my first tip to Japan T have been back 24 times and with each visit the place has revealed itself litle more. But on that frst visi the culture was mysterious and impen- ‘etrable and I hal almost no intercourse with the people at all. Thad never experienced such a strictly adhered-to set of social conventions, plus the work ethic in Tokyo was mind-blowing. But more than anything it amazed me, and it still does, that the super-contemporary could co-exist with such ancient tradition; sky- serapers and hi-tech electronic gadgetry alongside Buddhist coremiony and geisha girl (©) Robert went to Japan for the fist time A atthe age of 25. B more than 25 years ago, almost 25 years ago. D to learn the language. ) Robert ‘A enjoyed being an alien, B_ easily fited into the Japanese society c D hnad never been abroad before, had never felt so different from local people before. ( OLvASOTT S26VEG ERTESE ¢ A tried tobe polite but without success, B felt different because he was rock star C was liked by Japanese people for his polite manners D enjoyed breaking taboos in Japan, WOSVavIET “Z (3) On his first vist children followed him everywhere be A he was a eck star his clothes were differem Chis hair was different, D he was hyseric. (4) Insular’ in paragraph 2 means A attracting 2 lot of people B educational only interested in their own country Dot very devetoped (3) On his first visi ‘A he didn't communicate much with people B Japan was as mysterious for him as itis now. Che understeod Japanese culture more than he does now. D be visited ifferent places. (6) What amazed hmm most was A’ that everything was very moder, 1B the mixture of old and moder, CC people's extemely polite manners. D that people were very religious. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 c7. BELADATSOR OLVASOTT SZOVEG ERTESE ) Read this article about grasshoppers, Then look at the dotinitions (1-0) given after the text, Your task is to find a word or phrase for each definition inthe paragraph which has the same number as the Word or phrase. Write the words on the lines. There is an exam- pile (0) at the beginning. joying the Grasshoppers’ Chirpy Symphony (0) As the breeze of the hot day finally dies away, the clouds drift offand stars Hight up, the grasshoppers sing (0 us inthe front garden of our Norfolk home. (1) Itisa simple, sot, buzzing phrase lasting a few seconds, and each insect bursts forth, the replies from other males ricochet across the lav. (2) The field grasshopper is one of the commonest and most widespread species in Britain. I belongs to the insect order known as Onhoptera, a name that derives from 1wo Greek words, orthos (meaning ‘stiff or rigid) and preron (wing). (3) While many species have the power of Might they sre better known for their jump- ing abilities. Ths litle hopper isa variable minture of green and brown, and a just 2.cm i also one ofthe larger ofthe British species. (4) Its chipp is referred to as a song, and functions as a signal to a prospective mate, but in fact itis a mechanically derived noise, known as siridulation, produced by the rubbing, ‘of paired rows of sti spikes on the hind legs against te hair-like veins in the forewings. (6) Bach rasp ofthe body parts produces a pulse, which come in patterns unique to each stridulating species, (6) While the fiekl grasshopper produces only a short simple note, its relative, the field cricket, creates a sang of indefinite length, which accelerates with increased atmvos- pherie warmth, (7) The field crickets shrill, rolling performance ~ an insect version of the canary's song, is highly valued in the warmer parts of southern Europe, and they are still kept in cages as Family pes. (8) Unfortunately not all of the world’s 15,000 (known) species of Orthoptera are viewed in the same benign light. (9) Among the 200 varieties found in the Western Sahel region are at least 10 serious pests, the most notorious of which is a Gom-long monster called the desert locust. (10) Some swarms can contain 40ibn individuals and consume 80,000 tonnes of crops haily, enough to feed almost half a million humans fora year. A major locust event in the late 1980s saw the presence of swarms in 43 countries covering a fifth ofthe Earth's surface, from the Cape Verde islands in the Adantic to Pakistan and India, (0) cool, sof summer wind breeze (1) a long, continuous sound usually made by insects. (2) originate, come from {G) biological class of plants and animals whose members have the same mia in ohare ( OlvasoTT sz6veG ERTésE (4) something that is likely to happen soon (6) the very special sound that grasshoppers make (6 an insect in close relation withthe grasshopper producing a nice tone (D appreciated (2) gracious, favourable, gentle, harmless (©) harmful insects which demage erops and food supplies (10) a big group of insects flying together Woswaviad ZOLVASOTT SZOVEG ERTESE ‘You are going lo read a text about the history of Egypt. Parts of some sentences have been removed from the text. Choose the right phrases from the fist (Ad) to fl the gaps (1-7). ‘There ie one axa phrase that you do nat need. Write the letter of the correct answers in oxoe below. There fe an example (0) atthe beginnin 7. FeLADATsOR ‘Tutankhamen From its very beginning, Egyptology had inspired genuine scientific vocations. Fragments of four thousand years of human experieney on the banks of the Nile were gradually pieced together, (0) . humble details of daily life, philosophical enquiries of scribes and wise men, elaborate theologies, social and reli- gious reforms, military campaigns (1) ‘What have been the sources of our knowledge? Immense archaeological discoveries on sites (2) ___have been scientifically controled; the study of temples and tombs dedicated to the etemal life and poveer ofthe gods, (3) the remains of cites, long-buried under sand and rubble rich in moving evidence of the past; end finally the objeets and monuments in the first Eayptian collections assembled at the time of Bonaparte’s expedition and the admirable Description de Egypte @) in which the scholars who accompanied him recorded their work, ‘Aniong the wealth of dynasties, kings, monuments and colossi, (5) : shadowy figure: few objects bore his name, among which two important monuments seem to suggest that, willingly or under compulsion, he had restored the official cul of the dynastic god Amun, abandoned by the king of Tell el Amma, (6) during one of the most attractive periods of Egyptian history the epoch of the Solar Globe, ‘Aten, These two monuments point to the implacable hatred with which the king had been pursued. We leam from the stele of the restoration of the Theban cult and temples tha, o. __...» Tutankhamen was prevailed upon to have the temporarily abandoned shrines immediately reopened and restored, stating with those of Amun, But the stele no Jonger bears the soverign’s names for they were replaced by those of King Horerne. [A customs as old as the world itself 1 all contributed to the historical reconstruction ofthis vanished civilisation at whose court Tutankhamen had spent his childhood D in order to strengthen the official position of the court E kings and peoples of the Nile valley F published between 1809 and 1816 G they fll into ovo distinct categories 1H Tutankhamen was an inconspicuous I. which sinee the foundation ofthe Egyptian Antiquities Service o 1 2 3 4 5 6 77 PROBAERETTSEGI ANGOL NYELVBOL — EMELT SZINT Hallott sziveg értése You are golng to hear Conan rien, afamous television star taking about his tie. Your task will be to fil in the sentences Below with one word. There Is an example (0) at the ining. wOSWaVIaT Z Conan O'Brien 0) OBrien was one of __ six children (1) His father’s punishment seemed atthe time, 2) OBrien's father is still a Buy @) He could make peopl at parties (4) His father always, OBrien’s carcer. (5) Patents usually are anxious about their children's © OBrien did't want w be a Gad (1) Only few people in his family have ability You are going to hear a radio programme about a man's business activiles. Your task isto complete the able In no more then 4 words. There is an example (0} atthe beglaning, ‘The Bottled Water Business Product of present business: (© __botited water. Tis selling points excellent quality = rich in (1) has 8 (2) ees ‘Source of the water spring in @ First business: o__ Tis length of time’ o Reason for is end: ~ Financial problems “0 ‘Second business: Gy Its length of time: o Reason for its end: 1) Main product now: a) — Bottles of mineral water Places 1 $ell his exclusive bottles: | (12) aad in New York7. FELADATSOR Hatnorr szévec ERTise ) Ne hoove ihe ctrect word or poset complete the serene. Write te Tees Inte tore below Thee ten cxanple )at he eg SRR Tolkien (0) The title ofthe trilogy is ‘A The Lord ofthe Rings B'The Hobbit C Harry Potter (1 His birtplace, Bloefontein isin A Bingland B Souk Affea C South America (@) When he was three they moved to A England B Amevica CAtica @) Tolkien joined the army during the ASecond World War B First World War C Civit War (4) The foud bangs hut his Abrain Blegs| Carms ©) his died in the war. A best friend B brother C father (@) Atthe University of Leeds, he was a lecturerin___ Abnglish Literature B English History © English Language (1) He started imagining the worlds for his tales in, A 1961 BI916 C1960 (8) The Silmarillion eame out Ain 1997 Bwhenbedied Cin 1916 (9) He wanted The Hobbit to bea___ story A fairy B bedtime C horror (10) Author C $ Lewis was bis Avunele Beolleague C friend (11) Tolkien completed his work in years. AT Biz cs ofr ]f2]3]4 6]7]s]o]u]n z 7 PROBAERETTSEGI ANGOL NYELVBOL — EMELT SZINT iraskéseség woRIaviad “7 Planting time is here, if you would lke to consider sponsoring a tree please call or write fora PREE LEAFLET, HERITAGE WOOD, EDNASTON DERBYSHIRE DE6 3AE You decide to get some more information. Write leter of about 120 words in which you say + why you are Interested + who you would like to dedicate the tree to and why [Also ask questions to find out about money (how much fo pay, how fo pay, how olten to pay) location ofthe tee you ere sponsoring Don't forget to ask for a teat, De not inckide any personal particulars or postal addresses, Dear Sir/Madam, .. Wirt an artic of about 200 words on the toplo above and tell your opinion Include the following polnts hhow young people live today + the generation gap: there fs one = why computers and discos are popular with young people = hether in your opinion young people are realy Indilferent to other people and the problems of the world ‘You can add your cpinion as wel Young people todayA_HANGANYAG SZOVEGATIRATA 1. feladatsor ETT cy Mongolia, once the largest land empire ever knowa, shelters an existence of extremes, This barren steppe, averaging over 1500 metres, has bred a sloie and practical nation of nomadic herders, the Mongols, They have mastered one of the harshest snd unforgivin environments on earth. The size of Wester Europe, ever one million nowads stil dif these vast plains. The Mongolian steppes are high and dry. Home for the nomads ave these ubiquitous white tents, the gers. These ingenious shelters can be dismantled oF set up in less than an hour. The structure is strong yet light, important as you can only use what you can carry. Anyone is welcome into a Mongol’s ger. You don't even have to knock. Hospitality is a key part of Mongol life. And one side of the ger is always kept free for unexpected visitors, In the thirteenth century, the bands of disparate nomads that scattered the high steppe were united forthe first ime by a warrior called Temijin in his guest o conquer new territory His successes became legend and Temijin was erownedt Genghis Khan, or Universal King. With military precision and awesome speed, this brave and brutal army rode in battle across Asia and into Europe, creating the largest {and empire ever known, stretching from Korea all the way to Hungary. And they adopt- ed Genghis's clan nme as their own, the Monkhal, oF Mongols. in celebration of their \arrior past festivas on Nada are held throughout the warmer summer months, The ancient skill associated with Genghis Khan's armies are re-enacted in competition, atchery, horse ciding and wrestling. woSVavTaE “T ERT oe Emest Hemingway was born in Oak Park, Illinois, in 1899, His father, a doctor, dliv= cred all six of his children. On family holidays in Michigan, the youn Hemingway lived a Huck Finn li‘, his eatliestlsters triumphantly recounting his kills and catches. His first writing experience came in the autumn pf 1917 with a job as a reporter on The Kansas City Star. Soon Hemingway would be leaving his family and fishing rods behind, The peace of the Michigan lakes would be replaced by the sounds and sights of ‘war. In the last year ofthe First World War, Emest Hemingway served as an ambulance river withthe Ametican Red Cross in tay. On the day he arrived in Lombardy, he had ‘o pull the mutilated corpses of women workers from the weeckage of an ammunition factory, where there had been a massive explosion, Hemingway's main job was to dis tribute cigarettes and chocolates to the Italian troops i the front line, It did no last long. (On 88 July, on the River Piave, Hemingway was badly wounded when a trench mortar shell exploded nearby. A plague now marks the ineidest, which was later to loom lar in his fiction, Hemingway had narrowly escaped being Killed, For the rest of his life he \was preoccupied with death, Hemingway was taken to field hospital and then to Milan to recuperate. It was here that he met and fell in love with a beautiful young American nurse, Agnes von Kurowski, who was eight years his senior. Agnes, who radiated zest nd energy, nursed the handsome young man back to heath, Hemingway was to re-cre-1, FELADATSOR ‘A HANGANYAG SZOVEGATIRATA ate her in his novel A Farewell to Arms. She also nursed ambitions to marry him, but Hemingway returned to America in January 1919 and never saw Agnes again. Although hie had not been a combatant and had seen few of the howors of the front line, Hemingway's wartime experiences lay at the heart of much of his later writing, which ‘emphasised physical and psychological violence and the need for courage. Hemingway ‘was t9 coin a phase for these qualities, which was later taken up by President Jobn F. Kennedy: grace under pressure, sea sae the Phocrilany ued ion wotnds and to coloer ter bat The ancen, as oneter ae taleed have bone ious soap for ela Sythe nnh ony albumen ly Spin nd rane pode SiMe ins csp Tes sel buries dant beat ge ndty nl ie 1 cent ne Bagioncapeson Is clsly Ike foe Soapmaking indisty in te United Sites is Soap ops ‘ou opens adi and leon play shut he problems and emotion in human Teenage. They are called soap opera, besnuse ie fis propane, Yes 890 were pd for by taping companies, IIRe piensa soap opera arn sbot a ope, Andris charge tha thy fonnor rope tance ture fel Iie They woe at aoe! everyone asap sper sa aoiour emotional pele, er gully ofa erime, And there ae several crows in every a hour pose, Sen zup opr a oa ce wha is uy. Tey lve te progames and wach th veya. Such aga Wes made soap ope very popular in the United Sas fac a fw prognnmeareso pep at Hey ave ber oid wih saeco rm es vrata expression auc he Word en 9p bo hae a's une when aap ad afer produ were shipped in wooden boxes. These toes wore albu ston, You coud stndon on to ee ovr te hends ined Sra sco in craw Soap bones weea spl ny a oma ours ale ifjom amid to gives publ spec ich soapboe speeches were usally politcal, end one-sided, The speakers shouted thi eno ane who wed by. Many led for hous, sefsing fo gto hi map tore $feby, you don't neal a wonde box make a soapbox apssh, Anyone, anes wi is ently abou seu sid Tobe on 2 tp box noth qitar way To win sopport or ain nfseee ff So soap apes, This Inean sae pias a ther Kind wordt ge he pronto oh you wa ( ‘A HANGANYAG SZOWEGATIRATA 2. feladatsor ‘The cross is an ancient symbol in many cultures and religions. It is closely linked, of course, with the Chistian church, Scandinavians also used crosses to mark the edges of their territory, And the eross was a sacred symbol to the Egyptians and to the Aztecs Mexico. Today, th: word cross is used in many expressions that seem to have little direct connection to religious beiets For example, one way of wishing good luck to someone ist tell him you will keep your fingers crossed! for him. Sometimes you my even cross two of your fingers when you wish hit luck. But, more ‘often, just saying ‘he expression i believed to be enough to help bring success, Crossing the fingers when making 2 wish may be a tradition many hundreds of years ‘old, But most expsrts think the expression is an American one that began about ninety years ago. It probably has its roots in the ancient Christian belief thet making the sign of the cross would help keep away evil spirits and bad Juck Children often eress their fingers when they telia small lc. It is an old belief that lies will not be punished if told while the fingers are crossed, Many children have unhappi- ly discovered that crossing their fingers offers no such protection Children often use another expression, ‘eross my hear” when they say they are telling the truth, A child vsually will make an X over his heart with his finger while saying it Language expert Charles Earle Funk says ‘eross my hear,’ and evossing the heart with the finger, probably come from the Roman Catholic Church tradition of making the sign of the eross. Mr. Funk also says that eatier inthis century, children in the United States often expanded the simple saying, They said, ‘Cross my heart and hope to die, and hope the cat will spit in your eye Cross is used in many other ways. If you deceive someone or confuse them you are ‘erossing them up, ‘And you might become ‘crass as two sticks’ at someone, This old expression means you are very angry. Wat do two sticks have to do with the situation? If you put one stick across the middle ofthe other stick, you havea ctoss, And the word eross is another way ‘o say angry. So ifyou are as cross as two sticks, you are very angry. Anattter expression, ‘to cross swords, sounds like something from the past. It recalls the period when knights in armour seemed to spend most of their time fighting. You can imagine two angry knights whose swords erossed during a battle But the expression no longer means a noisy fight with swords. It deseribes a less violent fight with words instead of swords, You 'eross swords with someone when you argue or debate an issie with them, woswaviad2. FELADATSOR. A HANGANYAG SZOVEGATIRATA ) With no young children to coasider and more time to enjoy life, you ean try something 1 bit more adventurous than just two weeks eff work holidaying by a European beach or on a campsite, Here sre some of the top holiday of a lietime ht spots. Bexauiful Bali Golden sand, sapphire sea and emerald rive fields ~ any other coastal resort literally pales in comparison with this idyllic tropical island 11s tempting to do nothing but sunbathe on the beach all day, but you really should take trip out to the Balinese villages and rice terraces to get a feel of the fascinating cul- tore. Exhilarating Thailand Bangkok is the obvious choice when visiting Thailand, but there is much more to see and do in this diverse country. ‘Chiang Mai, Thailand's second city, is more laid-back. Shop for hand-painted parasols ‘and silk shins or pay a visit io one of the many craft workshops where locals weave silk ‘and fashion lacquer-ware. For a quieter holiday, opt for the ancient temple city of Ayutthaya which stands on a net- \work of rivers and eanals. Founded in 1352, the Former Thai capital was so adorned with temples in its heyday that sunlight reflecting off them was said to dazzle from three riles away. The temples may now lien ruins, but are still impressive, Serene Sri Lanka Marco Polo believed Sri Lanks was the finest island in the world, and you'll see why when you visit. The teardrop-shaped istand is incredibly diverse, with rainforest, coral reefs and hill country bearing a striking resemblance to our Lake Distiet. Fortunately, the weather is not so familiar, with a sunny tropical climate ‘Although Buddhism is still preserved in its purest form, the old colonial influence is very much in evidence in the former British hill stations that stand loftly above tush tea plantations, and by the people themselves, almost all of whom speak English. Mast-sees include Gal Vihara, four statues of the Lord Buddha carved out of one huge boulder, Sri Maha Boghi to visit the sacred Bo-Tree where the Lord Buddba gained Jntenment, and the Pinnavela Blepitat Orphanage. Mask 3 - Human Touch Required ca Iwas a nice idea: robots that vacuum the living room, lower the baby into the bath ~ having first tested the water ~ and carry granny upstairs to bed. Today's robots are more likely to scald the baby and vacuum granny. But the domestic evolution came a step closer last week when Japanese researchers reported the development of an atificial skin that senses both pressure and cemperature, and stretches like human skin, A_HANGANYAG SZOVEGATIRATA Artificial skin alreacy exists that can dteet pressure, but is difficult to manufacton large enough quanties 10 cover a robot body, and it does not sete There is strech able artical skin that i use, for instance, to provide grafts for human buens viens, ‘but itis insensitive fo heat and pressure. Takao Someya, an electrical engineer at the University of Tokyo, and colleagues have now combined the Wo, eating a skin that is stretchable and remis a sensitive to pressure and temperature when isa ul stetch as when it cloned ‘Skin-ike sensitivity. or the capability o recognise tactile information, will bean essen- tal feature of future generations of robo Someya says, The millon-od robots in industrial use today — on factory floor, in nuclear reactors and space telescopes, for example = all carry out repetitive tasks in highly siuctured environments, Theit employers spend foxr or five times as much on those eavironments 2s on the robots themselves, Lacking the ability to sense changes in their surroundings, the bots are not safe to be let out of ‘heir cages, or to work alongside humnan beings. ‘But with artical skin they could lear tobe cauious.E-skin consists of a chequerboard of pressure and temperature sensor anays made out of organie or paste transiston eit cuits, which are builton aplastic film, The arrays are less sensitive than human skin, but already mark an improvement on previous efforss, sensing temperatures in the range of 30-80 C and pressutes up to the weight of roughly 30 pennies stacked vertically. The fim is flexible enough tobe rolled or bent around a spindly robot finger, but in its mane tufacured form is nots stretchy as human skin and hence not good for covering joins So the engineering solution Someyes group came up with was to process the film with it integrated cireuits ilo a mesh or net structure Whose strats twist when tension i applied. The resulirg net is extendable by 25% ~ about ice the deformation of the skin over your elbow when you bend it fully. They published their findings in Proceedings ofthe National Academy of Seieness. wosmravag3, FELADATSOR A HANGANYAG SZOVEGATIRATA ) 3. feladatsor PRET ca Many of us are enchanted by the island of Gozo. I is, ina sense, Malta's younger si tet. Until the 1970 it had preserved most ofits old characteristics. It was extra-special because there was litle evidence of industrial development, Landing there was like a rip to the past, Malta is much larger, more urbane and has much to offer to the visitor, There ate tea sures, some almost beyond description. These are unique items from the pre-history and also great splashes of the elegance and grandeur ofthe last centuries in Europe. ‘The old capital of Malta is a walled city called Mina, it as population of 361, making itthe smallest city inthe world, yet indeed a ety because it has a cathedral In the faraway past it was the seat of government ofthe islands, and it remained so until the artival of the Knights of St Joan in 1530, mn more recent times it came to be known as the Silent City and was the home of many members of the old Maltese nobility. It gained the honourable name of Notable (the notable city), and was often referred to in oar grandparents! days as Cita Fecchia (the old city) ‘The place is a gem ~a gift from the past. The architecture is distinguished: built on Roman and Arab remains, it still boasts good Normon structures and a quantity of fine baroque palaces. Annuinber of the old families still ive at Mdina, and some have opened craft shops and ‘even restaurants on the ground floors of their homes. This notwithstanding, the old char- acteristies of the place, with its charming narrow streets and magnificent views, survive to preserve a Maltese patrician identity Pe oro Lack of sleep is & 20 century phenomenon and as our lives get even busier, i's set to become a 21+ century disease. Sleep deprivation, sleep deficit, sleep debt... call it what ‘you will, ifs a problem that affects more than 10 million people in this country alone. ‘And i's not just a case of a fow dark circles under your eyes or an embarrassing fit of {yawning during an impoctant meoting ~ losing out on sleep ean seriously damage your health And it ean kill Dr Stanley Coren, professor of psychology at the University of British Columbia and author of Sleap Thieves, paints to the nuclear aceidents at Chemobyl and Three Mile Istand, the Exxon Valdez oil spill and the loss ofthe space shutle Challenger. Human crror due to lack of sleep was implicated in all of these disasters. Chronic sleep deti- cieney, Dr Coren says, leads to poor judgement, reduced alertness and concentration and 1 susceptibility to accidenls, There are sleepy people driving trucks, cars, planes and trains, On the road, a tired motorist ean be as dangerous as a drunk one. In Britain suis suggest tha sleep-rolated mistakes account for more than 20 per cent of motor- way aecidents, A HANGANYAG SZOVEGATIRATA Such inmate, tage consequences of ssp deraon ay be dma but he longterm fcs weal inportant enough owory he capes Serotonin cormous health ipletions. Shi worker nthe US wow sey rats ed fap ser fom ihe rat of depression, neil al guste sd ano ¢esclr disasesan te poplaton in gone Sleep pater could be inked to ageing, During very dep sleep human growth hr Ison Aspe owe he) eps a apo wer homans, Lack a ep lp do the prs of et tay ees cos at make us age foster. : fe Psa arisy as om os were pings roieion ot Ames at ey et ee ‘hee you coud cone fe your wig Now I know they ko hese a es ea aly wl or bys ch dtc seas inthe TOD Yu sh ee ses heghof on, youeriny tony fre phage One fhe mato, tobe psd hong he Partanenof Wim Pit he Youu war nie so roe Fon 1795, youpoed, you pl. yo were weang th wig fr cues fot the ont vould aye bon aout guinea = tts aun 30 ponds nods eae Taxco sow tht heats ass maid decine wig eng Nes oer, tle of how ral acumen can pen why tgs chee. Teas ono poor ‘as, nf orld Sere of hisses betes se lng fon indo ix or exape For ove 10 yey abut pee asta mae renal nt to te Exch forth priveyeo beable osm outa ter bones wick ‘cassie ier y th 170 hen fueron ane ponds wot hugs Tate fesse cand, gh bck, Sone tes sey eas sod, sloves mais, plying cans, paper aes, And ihen you aed ne dos tctans = tes on waa fre season dos on athe and ce youcon ce thle siaon was gtigidlous Notas reuse high natincn sone good ated poise opps fr sri. tm on my way Heng once soe of sugting on te sou era. Weve ate cistons oes Pela nad gel Na to imexign a smuggling te fom the 17000 te mmr af on of tick pekeemes Thomas Case Where do youth we ul so ck of BL TEN porns case i 1 esos po ‘arswell was kilied by smugglers near Hastings in 174 low long have you both: been working in customs? fe eee reece 2:20 yea, 1: And you, igs? ce ': 80 wi over 50 ser of experience btveen the, hey sould beable oak he sinagelers down, But ra pinto enemy eer. The gang tt Kiled Cartel ws sigting tt fmol iit eubsance~ ter which a te ine was hey txed an theo ey prof on the lek market woswaviad(A HANGANYAG SZOVEGATIRATA i A HANGANYAG SZOVEGATIRATA 3. FELADATSOR (C: What you see here is one of the tricks they would have used ~ in fot, isthe origi- 4, feladatsor ca" shirt, you might say. What they'e doing is carrying thiny pounds of tea in a shist hidden under their jackets SERN ce ‘AcThiny pounds is quite 6 big ist ‘The Massa’ live on the open plains of the Rift Valley in East Aftiea. They aze pastoral- ery peaeyes ists, herding cattle, sheep and goats. These vast savannahs are also home toa spectacu- Tar number of wild snimals. The land they Hive on is shared as common land between the villages, each of which is an extended family group. The men belong toa seties of age classes, including warriors and elders. few hundred years ago, they migrated from further north to the present Massailand, which Ties across the border of Kenya and ‘Tanzania, The Massii consider a person to be rich only if he has plentiful cattle and ‘many wives and chi dren. For each wife, hell ned around twenty cows for het to milk and feed her family. Fites ave sel to encourage fresh grass o grow and protect their herds from predators. Tredtionally, they subsisted on milk and blood from their herds although nowadays other foods are becoming more important. However, blood is still favourite teat and « mother who has just given birth is stil fed milk mixed with the blood taken from a calf: The valuable cattle are rarely killed for their meat, but when they are killed noth ng goes to waste. The Massai take good care of them. Ticks ate removed, they'e Kept safe within the village at night, and they're helped when giving birth. The Massai love to sing and dance. The many rituals botl men and women under- gos they come of age are ofien used as an excuse to have n party. Nowadays the Massai also dance and sing forthe many tourists who come here on safari. This has made their high leaping dance and beaded jewellery famous throughout the world. WoRvavEE “b A; That is incredibly heavy. Track 2 e tothe age of 120? The idea no longer seems fanciful. In France, recently, Jeanne Calment blew out a forest of candles on her 1208 birthday. She cheer- fally told reporters about a former neighbour, Vincent Van Gogh, and about a deal she hhad made 30 years earlier A solicitor had agresd to pay her a handsome sum every month forthe rest of her life in retum for a pledge that he would get her lat when she died. "You ean't win them aff, she said with a happy smile Few people have ever made it 10 120, but average life expectancy has increased dra- matically inthis cenury and scientists say the tend will continue. The next generation has a good chance o' living longer than any that has gone before In Shakespeare's day, people considered themselves fortunate ifthey made it tothe age of 40, Even at the start of this century, the average life expectancy in countses like Britain \was below 50. A boy in Britain today can look forward to living to 75 and a girl 80. Various factors have contributed to this rematkable development. People have learned to take better care of themselves. But the main reason isthe advance in medical science, And healtheare. It still continues at an amazing pace. Doctors can now deal effectively with all kinds of problems which once seemed intractable. 1 does not, of course mean that we will al live to a venerable age. We may