1

2015 MJC Prelim H2 Paper 2 Suggested Answers

1(a) The reaction is very exothermic. The heat released during the reaction is sufficient to
sustain the reaction.

(b)(i) CH3CH2OH + [O]  CH3CHO + H2O

3.945
(ii) Number of mole of ethanol used = = 0.08576
46.0
Theoretical mass of ethanal produced = 0.08576 x 44.0 = 3.77 g

(c) 1) Set up the apparatus as shown below.

[Turn over
 2
2) Using a 5 cm3 measuring cylinder, measure 5 cm3 of ethanol into a 50 cm3 beaker.
3) Using a 10 cm3 measuring cylinder, measure 6 cm3 of water and pour it into the
beaker.
4) Using a weighing balance, measure 5.0 g of potassium dichromate and dissolve into
the water-ethanol mixture in the beaker.
5) Using a 10 cm3 measuring cylinder, measure 9 cm3 of dilute sulfuric acid and pour it
into a 50 cm3 round-bottom flask.
6) Weigh the mass of a 50 cm3 conical flask to be used as a collection flask for ethanal.
7) Heat the sulfuric acid in the round-bottom flask using a heating mantle to about
60 oC. Then, switch off the heating mantle.
8) Pour the water-ethanol mixture containing dissolved potassium dichromate down the
dropping funnel and add it dropwise into the sulfuric acid.
9) Use cold water to run through the condenser to condense the ethanal vapour formed.
10) Ethanal produced would be collected in the 50 cm3 conical flask immersed in an ice-
bath.
11) Reaction is completed when there is no more ethanal dripping from the condenser
into the conical flask.
12) Reweigh the mass of the 50 cm3 conical flask containing ethanal collected.

mass of ethanal collected

Percentage yield = x 100%
theoretical mass of ethanal produced

(d) sodium hydroxide pellet

(e) organic compounds are flammable. Ensure no naked flame used.

2 (ai) Nuclear charge increases but screening effect remains fairly constant. Effective
nuclear charge increases. Stronger electrostatic force of attraction between nucleus
and valence electrons. Valence electrons are closer to the nucleus. Atomic radius
decreases.
SO2 + 2NaOH  Na2SO3 + H2O
(ii) ......................................................................................................
Al2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O  2NaAl(OH)4
.................................................................................................

(iii) Aluminium oxide is an amphoteric oxide ; it undergoes neutralization with both acids
and base to give a salt. Sulfur dioxide/trioxide is an acidic covalent oxide and
undergoes neutralisation with alkali to give a salt and water.

©meridian jc
 3
(b)(i) No. of moles of monobasic H2SO3 = (0.24 – x)
No of moles of H+ from monobasic H2SO3 = 0.24 – x
No of moles of H2SO4 = x
No of moles of H+ from H2SO4 = 2x
No of moles of H+ from a mixture of SO2 and SO3
= (0.24 – x) + 2x = 0.24 + x

38.50
(ii) No of moles of NaOH = × 1.00 = 0.0385
1000
250
No of moles of H+ in 250 cm3 = × 0.0385 = 0.385
25.0

(iii) 0.24 + x = 0.385 so x = 0.145

No of moles of SO3 at equilibrium = 0.145 mol

No of moles of SO2 at equilibrium = 0.095 mol
No of moles of O2 at equilibrium = 0.0475 mol

0.145
pSO3 = × 6 = 3.026 atm
0.2875
p SO2 = 1.983 atm
p O2 = 0.9913 atm

3.0262
Kp = 2 = 2.35 atm–1
1.983 × 0.9913

1 2
3 (ai) θ = + 1.0 ÷ x = +18.5°
37 4
1 q of Z 1
(ii) ÷ =
37 32 2.3
q of Z = 1.99 or 2
Z is negatively charged = S2−

(b) Atomic radius increases due to increasing number of quantum shells of electrons.
Valence electrons are further away from the nucleus and more shielded by inner
quantum shells of electrons. There is weaker electrostatic attraction between nucleus
and the valence electrons. Hence, first ionisation energy generally decreases down
the group.

(ci) V = Br2
W = I2

(ii) I2 + 2S2O32−  2I− + S4O62–

(iii) Reducing agent.

©meridian jc
 4
(d) Down the group, H–X bond strength decreases. Bond energy decreases. Ease of
breaking the H−X bond increases hence H3O+ and X– can be formed more easily.

4 (ai) KMnO4, dilute H2SO4, heat

Step I: ……………………………………………………………………………
KCN in ethanol, heat
Step II: …………………………………………………………………………..
anhydrous PCl5, r.t.p
Step IV: ………………………………………………………………………….

(ii)

K M
3,3−diethyl−2−pyrrolidinone

(bi) Ksp = 3.01 × 10-12 = 4s3

s = 9.10 x 10–5 mol dm–3

(ii) [K2CrO4] = 8.12 x 10−3 / 0.500 = 0.01624 mol dm–3

Let s’ be the new solubility of Ag2CrO4
3.01 × 10−12 = (2s’)2(s’ + 0.01624). Assume (s’ + 0.01624) ≈ 0.01624
3.01 × 10−12 = (2s’)2(0.01624)
s’ = 6.81 x 10−6 mol dm−3

(iii) Difference in Ag2CrO4 solubility = 9.10 x 10-5 − 6.81 x 10−6 = 8.42 x 10−5 mol dm-3
No of moles of Ag2CrO4 precipitated = 8.42 x 10−5 x 0.500 = 4.21 x 10-5 mol
Mass of Ag2CrO4 precipitated = 8.138 x 10-5 x 332 = 0.0140 g

5(ai)

compound A
compound B

excess concentrated H2SO4, 180oC

(aii) Step I : …………………………………………………………………………………..
cold alkaline KMnO4
Step II : …………………………………………………………………………………..

©meridian jc
 5
(b) Test: anhydrous PCl5 , r.t.p.

Observations: White fumes of HCl for compound C.

No white fumes of HCl for androstenedione.

(c)(i) -(iii)

(di)

Isomer P Intermediate R

(ii) Electrophilic substitution

HNO3 + 2H2SO4 NO2+ + H3O+ + 2HSO4

©meridian jc
 6

6(a) -amino acid is a compound which has both the carboxylic acid group and the amine
group attached to the same carbon atom.

(bi) lys or asp forms ion-dipole interactions with water while tyr or gln forms hydrogen
bonding with water

(ii) Polar / hydrophilic R groups such as –CH2COOH, –(CH2)4NH2,

–CH2CH2CONH2 and –CH2C6H5OH (will be located on the outer surface of the
globular protein. so that they could form hydrogen bonds or ion-dipole interactions
with water. Non-polar / hydrophobic R groups such as –CH2CH(CH3)2 , –CH2SH,
groups will be located inside the protein away from the aqueous surroundings.

(iii)

Hydrogen bond

©meridian jc
 7
The α-helix is a regular coiled configuration of the polypeptide chain, held in place by intra-
chain hydrogen bonds.The O atom in amide group (C=O) of each amino acid is hydrogen-
bonded to the H atom in amide group (N-H) of the fourth amino acid further down the chain.
The R groups on the α-carbon point outside of the helix and are perpendicular to the main
axis of the helix.

(c) Mr of X = 3(133) + 2(121.1) + 3(146) – 7(18) = 953.2

(d)(i) –CH2-S-H + H-S-CH2– + [O]  –CH2-S-S-CH2– + H2O

(ii) The covalent disulfide bonds are being destroyed; hence tertiary and quaternary
structures will be affected.

(iii) Heating iron flatten hairs by providing energy to break the hydrogen bonds in keratin.
Once water vapour from the atmosphere penetrates the hair fibre, it allows the
hydrogen bonds to revert to their natural position.

(iv)

©meridian jc