Excelling Students: An Analysis of the Influence of Sleep

Patterns on Their Health and Academic Performance

of STEM Students of Pamantasan ng Cabuyao A.Y. 2021-

2022

Research Discipline

Psychology is the study of the mind, how it acts, and how it influences behavior.

It also includes all aspects of the human experience, from brain processes to nation-

state acts, from newborn development to care for the aged. The Achiever students'

sleeping patterns will be the subject of the research, which is a component of sleep

psychology that analyzes and assesses sleep.

Scientific/theoretical background of the study

Sleep deprivation is a broad term that refers to a state caused by insufficient

quantity or quality of sleep. A study conducted in 2018 results that 73% of high school

students regularly do not get a healthy amount of sleep. There are many reasons why

teenagers choose to sleep late. Some of them rather use social media or binge movies

on Netflix than sleep early while some spend their sleepless nights working on school-

related work or studying for the exam for the next day. In teens, the sleep hormone

melatonin is released later at night than in children and adults. This resets the body's

internal sleep clock, allowing teens to sleep later at night and wake up later in the

morning. Most teenagers simply aren't tired enough to go to bed before 11 p.m. These
late sleeping habits could be detrimental to teenagers as they could affect the body's

metabolism which can cause disorders.

Brain plasticity, also known as neuroplasticity, refers to the ability of the brain to

change and adapt as a result of experience (Cherry, 2021). According to the brain

plasticity theory concerning sleep, even some evidence is still fragmented. There are

proven experiments that lack sleep cause problems in terms of learning consolidation

and task acquisitions while it improves when there is proper sleep. However, at the

same time, some studies say that there are some benefits of late-night study as the

melatonin is at its peak in late-night hours. It's why the researchers want to know if

students improve their learning by changing their sleeping habits, and if so, how much it

helps them and if it is worth the risks.

Knowledge Gap to be Filled

Several studies have been conducted to investigate the association between a

student's sleeping schedule and academic achievement. The purpose of this study is to

determine the potential consequences of Achiever students' sleeping patterns on their

health and academic performance.

Conceptual framework
Line segment not arrow As shown in the picture above, the independent variable that

could be changing are the sleeping patterns. Under it are the number of sleeping hours

and the time of sleep which practically means sleeping pattern. The dependent

variables are the health and the academic performance of the students.

Statement of the Problem

Third person

This study generally aims to assess and analyze sleeping patterns and their

significant effects on his or her well-being and academic performance.

This study specifically seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What is the socio-demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1 Age;

1.2 Sex;

1.3 Grade and Section ?;

2. What is the average of the respondents on their 1st Semestral?

3. What is the average of sleeping hour of the respondents in terms of:

3.2 Night before an Exam;

3.3 Weekends

4. What are the respondents' health implications? Do they get it from their sleeping

habits? Insomnia / what is the level of difficulty in falling asleep (severe or mild)

5. Is there a significant relationship between sleeping pattern1 and 2/ no

significant

6. Is there a significant relationship Level of falling asleep and number of

sleep

7. Is there a significant Relationship general average and level Difficulty

8. Recommendation base on the result of the study

Title

Conceptual

Sop

Hypothesis

Statistical

Sampling technique

Research Design, Materials, and Methods

This study falls under the Meta-analysis design since it uses synoptic reasoning

to generate a new understanding of the study. This study will collect data using Google
Forms, taking into account the time frame for the study's design and the health

procedures that must be followed to ensure the researchers' and participants' safety

from the COVID-19 virus. The statistical tool that researchers would use to analyze the

data gathered is the t-test. A t-test is an inferential statistic that is used to determine

whether or not there is a significant difference in the means of two groups that may be

related in some way.

Relevant References

Brazier, Y. (2018, February 1). What is psychology and what does it involve?
Medical News Today. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/154874
Cherry, K. (2020, June 10). What You Should Know About Psychology. Verywell
Mind. Retrieved January 2022, from
https://www.verywellmind.com/psychology-4014660
Sleep Psychology. (2013). American Psychological Association. Retrieved
January 2022, from https://www.apa.org/ed/graduate/specialize/sleep
Campbell, L. (2019, October 8). Is Your Teen Getting Enough Sleep? 73% Don’t.
Here’s Why. Healthline. https://www.healthline.com/health-news/73-of-
high-school-students-dont-get-enough-sleep
Cherry, K. (2021, February 3). How Brain Neurons Change Over Time From Life
Experience. Verywell Mind. https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-brain-
plasticity-2794886
Dang-Vu, T. T., Desseilles, M., Peigneux, P., & Maquet, P. (2006). A role for
sleep in brain plasticity. Pediatric Rehabilitation, 9(2), 98–118.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13638490500138702
Oracle, T. (2012, March 19). Studying at night provides more benefits. The
Oracle. https://gunnoracle.com/1950/forum/studying-at-night-provides-
more-benefits/
 A Comparative Analysis of the Senior Highschool STEM

Students’ Academic Performance in Studying at Daytime and

Nighttime

Research Discipline

The scientific study of the human mind and behavior is known as psychology. It

looks into the human's brain function and behavior depending on the environment. The

major goals of psychology include describing, explaining, predicting, and improving

human behavior. In this research, the researchers intend to study the productivity of the

students which includes their study behavior.

Theoretical background of the study

It’s been theorized that one’s capabilities are heightened in specific

circumstances, be it in terms of location, condition, weather, and other factors alike.

Walberg’s Theory of Educational Productivity explored the same topic with the goal of

identifying the causes of a student’s poor performance. He successfully identified the

fundamental factors of the cause into 3 factors: the student’s aptitude, their environment

and the teacher’s way of teaching. Taking this theory into reality, the biological and

environmental factors will be highlighted by this study to identify whether studying in the

day increases a student’s performance than studying at night or vice versa. The

Circadian rhythm is one of the biological rhythms in our body that serves as our internal
biological clock. This clock is typically linked to the 24-hour rotation of the earth. There

are instances where our body naturally follows this rhythm. People are classified into

two groups based on their circadian rhythms: early birds and night owls. Early birds are

more active during the day, whereas night owls are the opposite, being active at night.

Knowledge gap

Although there are various studies about the academic performance of night owls

and early birds, few references look at both groups at the same time. The study aims to

find the most efficient time to study, which affects both groups' academic performance.

Whether the academic performance will excel if the students study during the daytime

or at nighttime.

Conceptual framework
 Independent variable

Studying in
daytime
Dependent variable
Academic
performance of
students
Independent variable

Studying in
nighttime

The illustration illustrates the variables to be studied when conducting the

research. The aim of this study is to identify which time of day is the most preferable

time to study for students in their academic tracks.

Statement of the problem

The COVID-19 pandemic has forcefully closed every school in the Philippines in

hopes of preventing transmission to students who are the most vulnerable to the virus.

Although this helped millions of students from succumbing to the virus, studying has

become harder after students are forced to limit their study area to the comfort of their

homes. In hopes to solve the problem, we will identify whether studying at different

times of the day would help them focus more than they could.

This study also aims to solve the following questions:

1. What are the average grades of the students who study in the day and the

night?
 2. What is the student’s preferred time of the day to study?

3. Is there a significant difference between the average grades of the

students who study in the day and night?

Research design, materials, and methods

This study will fall under the category of being comparative research due to its

comparative approach to the variable mentioned. The recommended respondents for

the research are students in the age of 14 and above, the reason for this is that the

mentioned age group will be able to provide a more accurate answer to those of the

younger age. We will be using online surveys as a means of gathering the data needed

in consideration of the health protocols issued by the government strictly. To analyze

the gathered data, we will be using the Dependent Sample T-Test since we only have 2

variables that we will analyze.

Relevant References

Silver, N. (2020, July 13). Circadian rhythm: What it is, how it works, and more.
Healthline. Retrieved January 25, 2022, from
https://www.healthline.com/health/healthy-sleep/circadian-rhythm#in-teens
Exploring Your Mind, (19 February, 2021). Walberg's Theory of Educational Productivity.
Exploring Your Mind. https://exploringyourmind.com/walbergs-theory-of-
educational-productivity/

Cherry, K. (2021, August 16). 8 basic psychology facts you should know. Verywell Mind.
Retrieved January 26, 2022, from https://www.verywellmind.com/psychology-basics-
4157186

Coelho, S. (2021, October 15). Is it better to be a night owl or early bird? Healthline.
Retrieved January 24, 2022, from https://www.healthline.com/health/sleep/night-
owl-vs-early-bird#early-birds
 Listening to Music and its influence on the academic

performance of the Senior Highschool STEM students of

Pamantasan ng Cabuyao

Research Discipline

Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior. It includes biological

effects, social pressures, and environmental elements that influence how people think,

act, and feel. Psychology is a comprehensive discipline that comprises several sub-

fields of study such as human development, sports, health, clinical, social behavior, and

cognitive processes. The influence of music listening on senior high school

student's academic performance is the focus of this study, which is an aspect of

music psychology that seeks to explain and comprehend musical behavior and

experience.

Scientific/theoretical background of the study

Music has been in our presence long before history. It is considered a universal

language conveying emotions and stories. According to an article from Scott (2020),

music has been shown in studies to improve people’s mood by regulating

dopamine levels in the brain. Recent research suggests that even sad music can help

to reduce anxiety and improve the listener's mood. When listening to relaxing music,

the dorsal and ventral striatum release dopamine where the activity in these
structures is known to be connected to the human brain's reward system

(Kawahata et al., 2020).

Knowledge gap

When listening to music, it gives an impact to people just from the rhythmic beats

to the composition of lyrics that can switch a person's mood. Studies have found that

people may be better at solving problems when they are in a positive mood compared

to when they are in a negative or neutral mood (Segaren, 2019). This study aims to find

if the duration of listening to music has an impact on the performance of the students.

Conceptual framework

Independent variable Dependent variable

Music Academic performance

This illustration shows the relationship between the independent and dependent

variables which are not being manipulated. This study aims to analyze how music can

influence the academic performances of senior high school students of Pamantasan ng

Cabuyao. Whether it be positive, negative, or zero correlation.

Statement of the problem

Generally, the goal of this study is to determine how listening to music can
influence the academic performances of senior high school students.
 The study also intends to answer the following questions:

1. Does music help students cope with stress?

Research design, materials, and methods

This study falls under correlational study which studies the relationship

between two variables that are not manipulated by the researchers. Data will be

gathered through a survey using google forms from specific respondents from the

senior high school students of Pamantasan ng Cabuyao. The statistical tool to be used

to interpret the gathered data will be the Pearson-r.

Relevant References

A. [ANA PH]. (2021, December 8). CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH [Video]. YouTube.

Cherry, K. (2020, June 10). What Is Psychology? Verywell Mind. Retrieved January 23,
2022, from https://www.verywellmind.com/psychology-4014660

Kawahata, I., Hasegawa, K., & Kase, R. (2020, April 7). Music and Dopamine – Potential
in Movement Disorders. Science Repository. Retrieved January 2022, from
https://www.sciencerepository.org/music-and-dopamine_JBN-2020-1-102#:
%7E:text=Scientifically%2C%20the%20dorsal%20and%20ventral%20striatum
%20release%20dopamine,in%20the%20perception%20and%20valuation%20of
%20musical%20stimuli.

McLeod, S. A. (2019). What is Psychology? SimplyPsychology. Retrieved January 23,

Segaren, S. (2019, January 1). Does listening to music help you become a better
student? Study International. Retrieved January 2022, from
https://www.studyinternational.com/news/does-listening-to-music-while-studying-
make-you-a-better-student/
Scott, S. (2020, January 2). How Does Music Affect Your Mood and Level of Happiness?
Happier Human. Retrieved January 2022, from
https://www.happierhuman.com/music-affect-mood/#:%7E:text=Scientific
%20research%20confirms%20that%20music%20has%20a%20positive,anxiety
%20and%20uplifting%20the%20mood%20of%20the%20listener.