Elementary GRAMMAR and Answer BookletAnswerg 1. Parts of Speech 11.1 Nouns Review Let's Beercise A. Under fences. 1. They arrived early butat the wrong station. 2. We counted only six ifferent colours inthe rainbow. 3, The man was trying to steal a horse with a cart full of apples. 4, They have gone tothe za0 to see the black hear. 8. Use capital letters for Proper Nouns in the following 1. Ms Brown told me that Paris is the capital of France. 2. William Shakespeare was a famous English author. 3. 'Wer and Peace’ was written by Leo Tolstoy. 4, Jack and lll had so much fun at Disney Park C. Form Abstract Nouns from the following work, The one has been done for you the Common Nouns in the following sen 5, scholarship 9 kingship 2. knowledge 6 sale 10 thought 3. length 7 strength LL wisdem 4. brotherhood 8 loss 12 greatness D. fill n the blanks with Abstract noun. Lsilence 2.dirt 3.fame 4 joy S. depth E. Fill in each blank with the correct collective noun, 1 flocksfiight| 2. troop 3. herd 4, bunch 5. collection Rewrite the following sentences in plural from. 1, Passersby stop to watch dwarfs perform dances. 2, They like to cook spicy octopuses with tomatoes. 3. Our mothers-in-law own buffaloes. 4, The trios have been playing pianos for hours. 5. The children’s pets are gold fish. G. Complete each sentence by choosing the correct word from the bracket 2. planty of 6a litle H. Change the nouns in bold from the masculine to femi rine. The first one has been done for you. 2. In the movie, the tigress was killed by the heroine. 3, His daughter-in-law isa stewardess. 4, The countess has one sister. 5, The authoress is writing 2 book about the empress. 1. much 5.some 3.few 7. several 4.alotof a a «ee se Ae a Le enone pT 48 gO ae 12 Pronouns Review Let's Exercise ‘A. Replace the underlined word/words in each sentence with the correct pronoun, 1. Rajesh is five feet tall. Anu is only four and a half ‘eet tall,He is taller than her. 2, Deepak sav Nitin. He called him. Then they walked together, 3. Jatin and hie sister thought one of the gold fish was hungry, so they fed it, 4, Imet Amit and Esha. had not seen them for a long, time. Lasked Amit/him if he was sl single 5, Deer have antlers. They must be very proud of them, B. Choose correct pronouns from the basekets to fill in the blanks given belov. 1L Why didn't he tell us about them when he came yesterday? 2, Itis likely that we shall bein time to see her when, she arrives. 3, Please give me the message for him. 44. My friend and I went to see her to ask her about her brother. 5. The man gave Sandeep and me some free samples which he had with him. Rewrite the following sentences with appropriate pronouns. The first one has been done for you 2, [still remember you and I used to swim in that polluted river. 3. My neighbour has three daughters. She and they often argue, 4, Ttwas he, not me who threw the big stone at the police car, 5. She returned the withered bouquet of flowers to them, the boys who sent it to her 6, These dogs are hers, She likes to give them 2 pat on their heads. D. Fill n the blanks with reflexive pronoun. 1. himself 2, ourselves: 4. ourselves 5. herself E. Use relative Pronoun ‘who! to join these sentences, The first one has been done for you. 2, The man who stepped on my toes apologised to me 3, She was the hostess who did most of the talking. 4, The fishermen who caught a shark were hailed as 3 itself5, The hunter who saw a cheetah and thought it was @ leopard was shortsighted. or The hunter who was short-sighted saw a cheetab and thought it was a leopard, F. Use suitable relative pronoun from the following — ‘who, which, whom oF whose to join each pair of sentences, 1. The sports which Ilike to watch are tennis and fencing, 2, She met her former husband whom she had not seen in 5 years. 3. The boys who love to solve a jigsaw together are Ricky and Vicky. 4, This is the knitwear which she made last week. 5, Lam visiting my friend whose new house overlooks the mountain, 6. Thats the fireman whose house was burt down last night G. Rewrite each of these sentences using a possessive pronoun in place of a possessive adjective (eg. my, your, his, her, its and their. The first one has been for you. 2, Look at that big monkey. Its tal is the longest lamang the many there, 3. He said yours is darker than mine. We both nodded ‘ours in agreement. 4, You must do yours first before you can help them do theirs. 5, These are al his, nt even one item that is not his, 6, Take this iit is yours, don’t take is, tell er to take hers, and leave mine alone. The remaining are theirs. They can collect theirs later. H. Fill n the blanks with distributive pronouns, The first fone has been done for you. 2. Either 3. Neither 5. Gither 6. Neither 4.Each Any 8. None 1.3 Adjectives Review Let's Exercise A. Use the correct word in the brackets to complete each sentence, 1. My mother is as strong as her mother. 2, Not everyone agrees that she is pratir than her sister 3, Can an elephant be taller than a giraffe? 4, That pond is the shallowest in this area, 5. That has tobe the mast intecesting film Ihave sen 8B. Choose the appropriate word from the brackets to complete the sentence. 1. The supporters were disappointed in the way the team played, 2. When did you get interested in polities? 3. What attacted me most to the job was the chance to travel 4, The tennis match was quite exciting. We enjoyed it. 5. It’s sometimes embarrassing when you have to ask people for money. 6. Do you easily get embarassed? . Put the adjectives in brackets in the correct order. 1a small black metal box 2. abig fat black cat 3. a lovely little old village 4. beautiful long black hair 5. an enormous red, japanese umbrella 114 Adverbs Review Let's Exercise A. Choose the most suitable adverb from the following to fillin each blank. Lanywhere 2.across_-3.over_ around 5, backwards B. Use the suitable adverb from the box to fillin each blank: Lidown — 2.underneath —3.under 4. below 5. further . Choose the most suitable adverb from the following to fillin each blank. Lever 2unever B.nearly —4.ahways 5. unusually 6. just 7st 8. quite 8. only 10. slightly . Place the adverb in bracket in the correct position in the following sentences. 1L._ She always reaches school punctually at ha past 2. He picked up the jug carelessly and some water spilled out He carelessly picked up the wrong bag. ‘The car stopped abruptly outside our house. He arrived home unexpectedly. ‘The rain had already stopped when T arrived. Itis almost time for us to go.8 Thave nearly finished my exercise book. These men never came back to repair the pipe. 10, T neatly always go to bed before midnight. F. Place the following adverbs in the correct positions, 1. The weather vias almost unbearably hot yesterday. 2, Members ofthe club are mostly highly educated people. 3. He believes ghosts are not always easily visible to human beings. 4, She hardly ever says a nice word about other people 5, We very nearly migrated to Australia thee years ago. 2. Phrase and Clause 2.1 Phrase and Clause Review Let's Exercise A. Complete the given sentences by putting the word, phrase and clause given in brackets, in the right order. The first one has been done for you. 2. Those boys who do not return the library books by the due date will have to pay a fine 3, The man who has just spoken is @ Member of Patliament. 4, All the planets which belong to the solar system move around the sun. 5, The new building which the villagers have built is fora school 6. Leamed men who went to the king for help never retumed empty-handed, 7. The loud noise of the sudden explosion woke up ‘everybody in the neighborhood. 8. Identify the highlighted parts of sentences, Write P for pase, IC for independent clause, or DC for dependent or subordinate clause, The first one has been done for you. ite 8F ic ac 6 60c 7P =8DC |= 8C OP 2.2 Noun Phrase and Noun Clause Presentation Read the picture story. Answer the following questions 1. Narrator feels happy and excited in the story because his elder brother is coming to India after a long time from Canada. 2. The narrator's brother resides in Canada because he has to complete his graduation there 3. The narrator’ father who is also eagerly awaiting, ‘cancels al fis offical meetings and joins him to pick his, ‘on from airport. Has mother is making special dishes for her son, His sister deriding what to present him, Let's Exercise ‘A. Undertne the noun phrases in the following sentences. 1. He wished to tall to his manager. 2. ‘The wicked man loves getting noor people into. srouble. 3. The poor man wanted to.pay hack every penny he. ‘owed, 4, He hates to punish his children, 5. Horses prefer living in dark stables. 6, Twill never do such a thing 7. Have you ever tried to climb a tree? 8. He refused to answer my question. 8. He promised fo.get me something 110. Why do you want to meet him? 8. Ineeach ofthe following sentences replace the words in italics by suitable noun clauses. 'No one can guess when he will arive. | predict that the weather will change. heard that he has sueceeded. Nobody knows why he failed The jury believed that the man was guilty. The doctors expect that his health will mprove. I know that he is trustworthy, He confessed that he was guilty T hope that Iwill be there in time, 10, He is confident that he will win the match. {UL It seems that he is spy. 12, No one expected that he would arrive. . Combine the following sentences using noun clauses, 1. Idon't know what kind ofa battery this is 2. My brother doesn't know how tall hes. 3. Tam not sure which chapter we are on 4. Scientists claim that they wll cue cancer 5. Noone knows who she is 6 7. 8. Could you tell me where the bookstore is? Do you remember how long we stayed in Qatar? Please tell us what you heard. D. Complete the following sentences by adding suitable rroun clauses. The first one has been done for you. 2. They said that they would accept the offer. 3. think | will win,He told me that he would come, ‘That you should cheat me hurts me. You can eat whatever you want. Can you guess what I want? [feel certain that she will come. | do not know what she wants. 10. No one knows where he is. 2.3 Adjective Phrase and Adjective Clause Presentation Read the picture story Answer the following questions, 1 ‘The two characteristics of narrator's mather are:- 1a, She isa fun loving lady. b. She helps poor and orphan students. The narrator's mother is vary blunt by nature because she says what she means and means what she says. ‘That's wy she likes hes. Narrator’s mother works as an interior designer and ‘earns a lot of money Lot's Exercise A Underline the adjective phrases in the following sentences. 1. Have you ever seen an elephant with white skin? He was wearing a crown made of gold There I met a gis with blue eyes Wild beasts in small cages are a sorry sight. ‘Aman with a long beard came to see me. We visited mary villages without any inhabitants. A friend in need isa friend indeed. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. He was a young man of great promise, 10. In alow voice, he narrated the tale of his adventures. In each of the following sentences replace the adjec tive in bold letters by an adjective phrase of the same meaning. ‘The King wore a crown made of gold. twas an elephant with white skin, He lived in a house built of stone. ‘There was a pot made of earth on the table. She wore a necklace made of diamond, ‘Much has been said about the scenery of Switzerland, 7. The flag of Spain flew at the top of the mast 8, That was an act of bravery. 9, twas a night full of horror 10, Deeds of heroism are worthy of admiration. 1LL. They went by the railway running through Siberia 12. Ihave passed several nights without sleep. . Underline the adjective cause in each sentence below. 1, Which person do you think ill be able to complete the work? 2. The moman who lives next door brought us some cookies. 3, There is @ condo that Id like to purchase. 4. Dalhi City s where Lwish to ive 5. That cat hat you found belongs to cur neighbour 6. The man who wore the ha was gui 7. Sanjeev whose fiends were from out of town, had a great time. 8. Summer, which s my favourite season, is usually ho. ‘8. English, which is my favourite subject, has a lat of good stories. 110. Los Angeles is the city where Lwas born. D. Combine each of the following pairs of sentences with an adjective clause, 1, The police has caught the man who committed the theft last night 2, French is different from Latin language which was ‘once spoken throughout Europe. 3. Can you tell me the reason why you are looking upset? 4. Ail the plans which he had for making money ‘quickly have failed. 5. The landlord who was proud of his strength despised the weakness of his tenants. 6. This isthe village where I was born, 7. Show me the place where you put the keys 8. Pawan whe was an old gentleman was my travelling ‘companion. ‘8, The fox which had never seen a crane before once met a crane. 10. Thisis the wooden case where the shopkeeper keeps his money. 24 Adverbial Phrase and Adverbial Clause Presentation Read the picture story. Answer the following questions, 1L. Narrator’s uncle has passed away 2, Narrator’s family is in dismay. 3. Narrator advices his brother to come in time for the funeral ceremoney. BS «Lets Exercise ‘A Underline the adverb phrase in the following sentences 1. Bob nodded as i he understood ‘Meet me atthe mall Without thinking, he tumed down the road Thay must kiss before sunset She went online for more information. In the forest many creatures snarl and growl [will never do that notin a milion years Dad spoke softly to calm her fears. They have a house by the ocean. 10, She slammed the door ina hut. 8. Fill inthe blanks with adverb phrase. She ives na palatial home. Is there water onthe moon? She ran into her room. They chatted fora utile She performed the task with oreat ski ‘The desert stretched towards the north. indertine the adverb clause in the following sentences. | waited for my friend until he arived He hid where his pursuers could not find him, 1am as intelligent 25 you are As he was not there, eft @ message with his mother ‘We eat so that we may live. She was 50 tired that she could barely stand IF you eat too much, you may fli Though he started early, he finished late. Ifyou do not tell me everything, Iwill not be able to help you 10. Do not go until get ready. 3. Sentence 3.1 Sentence Review Lot's Exercise A. Read the following sentences. Tick the box marked ‘imple fit isa simple sentence, “compound if itis compound sentence or. ‘complex’ if tis a complex sentence, 1. Complex 2.Compound 3. Simple 4, Complex 5. Simple 6.Compound 7. Compound —&. Complex “9, Simple 10. Compound 8. Convert the following sentences into simple sentences. 1. He was eages to get massied but his parent wanted Fir to wait 2 At the time of fixing supper, there was a knock at the door 3, That night Kiran had a dream like a nightmare. 4. Turning tail, fled away. 5. On the death of the mate, she doesn't take 8 new one. . Convert the following sentences into compound sen- tences. 1 Treceived your kind letter and I thank you for it 2. Mother was tired so she announced her intention of going to bed, 3. Do not keep bothering them or they'll keep coming, 4, Breathing exercises must be prescribed and carried ‘out under a doctor's guidance. 5, The journey was very long so Iwas afraid to take it . Convert the following sentences into complex sentences, 1L. When I finished the dishes, I went out, The man, who did this, must have been strong, | think that breathe allright When I won, I managed to shock everybody. That night Kiran had a dream which was more like @ nightmare, 3.2 Transformation of Sentences Let's Exercise |A, Rewrite the following sentences according to the instruc tions given after each, and making other changes that may be necessary The frst one has been done for you. 2. He asked me where Iwas going, 3. No sooner had the chief guest arrived than the play began. His behaviour surprised me, He is certain to succeed, He is better than any other student in the clas, He is so weak that he cannot stand up without help. He rushed towards the bridge with the gun tucked under his arm 8, Do as directed. The first one has been done for you. Sameer is not without love for his brother. No other king is as famous as Arthur. Lam not as tall as my brother. Everybody was absent for the meeting. He does not go home.7. The newsis 50 good that it cannot be true. 8 He is not stronger than 1 9. Canhe do this work? 10. The night is very beautiful. LLL. Very few towns in India are as rich as Mumbai 12. This coffee is so cold that I cannot take it. 113, She runs very fast. 44, Man is not immortal, Change the fallawing sentence into negative and question statements, The frst one has been done for you. 2, Not many people want to buy cars. ‘Are there many people who want to buy cars? 3, There isn't much controversy about the language problem. Is there much controversy about the language problem? 4, The sea isnt far of. Is the sea far off? 5. Not much research has been done on the subject. Has much research been done on the subject? 6, Not much money has been spent on the project. Has much maney been spent on the project? Rewrite the following as exclamatory and interrogative sentences. The frst one has been done for you 2, How foolish of him to behave like that! Wasnt foolish of him to behave like that? 3. How prudent of the boy to alert the policeman! ‘Wasnt it prudent of the boy to alert the policernan? 4, How careless of him to leave the daor unlocked! Wasn't careless of him to leave the door unlocked? 5, How good of him to help the poor man! Wasn't it good of him to help the poor man? Change the following exclamatory sentences into as sertive sentences 1. Assertive: It is @ beautiful flower. 2, Assertive: Its a great victory. 3, Assertive: Its very kind of you to help him lke that. 4, Assertive: Its indeed a glorious morning, Convert the following assertive sentence into exclama: tory sentence. 1. Exclamatory: How noble he i 2. Exclamatory: What a pleasant surprise this is! 3, Exclamatory: What a delightful party it was! 4, Exclamatory: O that I were young again! G. Change the following assertive sentences into interrog- ative sentences 1. Interrogative: Is she my friend? 2, Interrogative: Has he finished his work? 3, Interrogative: Is he very intelligent? 4 Interrogative: Did Tever ask you to do it? 5, Interragative: Is there any sense in doing that? H. Change the following imperative sentence into inter: rogative sentences. 1. Interragative: Will you stop it? 2. Interragative: Will you, please, give me a glass of water? 3, Interrogative: Come here, will you? 4. Interrogative: Will ou shut up or not? 5, Interrogative: Will you get out of here or not? 6. Interragative: Will you speak loudly? 7. Interrogative: Will you, please, take me to the director of the institute? 4. Non - Finites 4.1 Gerunds and Infinitives Presentation Read the picture story. A. Answer the felloving questions. (DALI decided that he wanted to study abroad. (@)Alis friend acivised him to attend a language school close to his house. @)Ali did not delay in registaring for a course as he ‘managed to get a good discount on the course fee. B. Complete the sentences with the gerund form of the ‘verbs in brackets 1. Cooking 2. Cycling 4, Finding 5. Driving . Complete the sentences with the gerund form of the verbs in brackets, 1. dancing 2. singing 4. swimming 5. smoking . Write down the infinitive of the forms of the verbs into the geps. 3. Getting 3. playing 1. Topresent 2.Tospell 3, Towatch 4, Toread 5.To hide 6. To whisper 7. Tosing 8.Tohit 9. Tocome 110.To reach Let's ExerciseA. Rewrite the following sentences by adding infinitive, The first one has been done for you. 2. Mohit tried to hold the chain, Mother tried to bake 2 pie on Friday. Ditya loves to go for dance classes. My brother has to work on the computer for hours. ‘The Profestor is about to speak now. He likes to play chess. His friend just called to ask about his health She likes to dream of fairies and wonderlands. 10 He likes to make people laugh. 8. Fill in the blanks with gerunds and infnitives. 1. towin 2planning 3. running 4, travelling 5S. waiting 6. getting 7. taking care 8. to paint 9. To be, not to be 10.breaking C. Use gerunds in the following sentences. The first one has been fer you. 2, Praising all alike is to praise none, He likes working out in the morning, Amassing wealth ruins health Seeing is believing, Giving is better than receiving Talking like this is foolish. D. Look at the ~ing word in each sentence. In the brackets, write G if tis gerund or if itis participle LG 2P 3.6 ae 5G oP E. Fill in boxes with gerund or infinitive foem of the verbs siven with brakets, 1. going 2.to buy 3.to answer 4, to get 5. seeing 6. visiting 7. torun @tostudy 9. working 10.To ide F. Underline the gerunds and infinitives inthe following sentences, 1 amming 2 goo exec, ae the nnd an jody fit and agile, * 2. Pankaj likes baking cup-eakes. 3. Leaming in speak French is interesting. 4, The man helped me to pull my suitcase. 5, Dancing is my passion. 6, Pritlis an expert at cooking. 7, He needs Manshu's help .soue the problem. 8. Lwant to visit Japan next year. 9, Puneet wants to go trekking in the mountains 10 Can [90 to the library for reading? 42 Participles Lot's Exercise ‘A. Write down-the present participle foem of the verbs given in the brakets L. interesting 2.sleeping 3. playing 4. winning 5. travelling 6 moving 7. touching exciting 9. working 20. running B, Using the picture and the woods given next to them foem sentence in the present participle foem. The fist fone has been done for you. We are walking to school. ‘The train is coming 1am having a good time. 1am studying, Wie are planning our work Is raining today. She is wearing earrings. . The verbs initalies are sometimes followed by 2 partic ple, Complete the sentences using the Present Partci- ple foem. The frst one has been done for you, 1. Lsmelled something burning in the house. She did not see the car coming loser. Do you notice Pankaj talking to Amita? We heard the boys knocking at the door. We listened to the mother singing her child to sleep. She could feel herself blushing, | found my two cats sitting on the table, She jsloudy watched her boyfriend cing with ‘anather girl. 1. Choose the correct participle form in each of the sen- tences below. 1. confusing 2. interested 4. relaxing 5. fascinating E. fill n the blanks with past participle foem of the verb. The first one has been done for you 3. annoying interested 3. broken 4. emptied 5. closed 6.decorated 7. packed 8. written 9.sold 10, rotten F. Write down the verbs in brackets as past participle L. forgotten 2. stolen 3. repaired 4. confused SS. disappointed 6. swapped 7 amused 8. bored 9, fascinated 10.worriedG. In the following exercise all of the underlined verbs in the first sentence ate irregular. Change the verbs first to simple past tense and then to the past participle form 1. a.took b. taken 2. aknew b. known 3. a.drove b.driven 4, a broke b. broken 5, a.wrote b. written H. Choose the correct participle, 1. amused 2.fascinated 3. exhausting 4, frightened 5, embarrassed [L_ Rewrite the sentences replacing the part in italic with @ past participle, L. Lhave a cat called Tai 2. The dinner was more expensive than expected, 3. Accused of murder, he was arrested, 4, Shocked by the bad news, she burst into tears 5. Organised by our team, the event will surely be a ‘reat success. J. Choose the correct option 1. interested 2, boring 3 bored 4, batking 5. dancing 6. Running 7. interesting 8. exiting 9. Excited 10.playing 5. Modals Presentation Read the picture story. Answer the following questions 1L. Mita wanted to buy a birthday present for her friend, 2, Mita suggested to go to the haberdashery department ‘when Radhika said that she wanted to buy comb and hair clips. 3, Mita ruggested Radhika to buy the white shoes. because they are perfect for summers. Let's Exercise ‘A. Complete each sentence with a suitable modal verb, 1. must 2ought — 3.will 4, Would 5. should 6should 7.can—&. should 9 should/will 10. needs to /should 11. can 2.ought to / must / needs to 8. Write must’ have to'or the correct form of ‘have to in the blanks! LHadto 2, Must. «3. Haveto 4.Haveto 5. Hadto 6. Must 7.Hadto 8 Must 9% Must 10, Had to . Fillin the blanks with may or might. 1. Might, May 2. May, May 3. May, Might 4, Might 5.May, May 6. May, May 7. May, May, May 8.May, May 9. May, May 10.May, Might, Might D. Fill n the blanks with ‘wil, would, shall or should :L. We will certainly have time for lunch. Where shall we go? 2. “You shall suffer for this” he swore. “I shall see to it that you do!" 3. He said that it would be all right for you to enter, but think you should wait until he gets here. 4, will you not reconsider your decision? You will regret it if you do not, 5. Ishall do whatever pleases me. No-one will tell me ‘hat to do! 6. Ifanything should go wrong whi would let me know, wouldn't you? 7. Will you please lower your voices? You will wake up the baby if you do not 8, Ishall not stop her from leaving. She will go if she wants to. 9. If my friends should come while Lam having my bath, would/will you invite them in? 110.The angry man insisted that I should pay for the damages. He said that if I did not, he would have to lodge a report against me. E. filln ‘can, ‘could’, negative forms. 1 Can Tam away, you 2.Were able to 3. Can, Can 4. Cannot, Can 5. Was able to 6. Could 7. Could, Can 8, Could, could 9. Could not 10. was able to F. Fill n the blanks with a suitable modal verb. 1. should 2. must 3eould 4. Would 5, must 6 May 7. must 8.will 9. need to 10.can 6. Verb Forms- Review Let's Exercise ‘A Fillin the blanks with the correct foem of verbs. Use helping verb i needed, simple present or present continues). The fist one has been done for you 2. Usually |_wark. as 2 secretary at ABT, but this summer Tam studying French at a language school in Paris. That is why Tam in Pars 3. Shhh! Be quiet! John _is sleeping . 4, Don't forget to take your umbrella. It_is rainingTate living in Mumbai because it always rains 6, tm sony Tean't heer what you _atesaying_ because everybody stalking so loud. 7. Mohan a book about his adventures in Tibet. hope he can ind a good publisher when he finshed 8, Do you want to come over for dinner tonight? Oh, Tm sory, can't. |_am going toa movie tonight with some friends) 9, The business cards_are normally printed by a ‘company in New York. Their prices _are_ reasonable, yet the quality oftheir work is quite good, 10. This delicious chocolate _is_ made by a small ‘chocolatier in Zurich, Switzerland. Fillo the blanks with the corract foem of verbs. Use helping verb where needed. simple past or past per- fect), The first one has been done for you. 2. We (go) went to London because our friends (invite) had imated us. 3. He (hear) heard the nows, (go) went to the telephone and (cal) called a friend 4, When she (stat) started learning English she (elready /leaer) had already learned French, 5. Ditya (already / type) had already typed three pages when her computer (rash) crashed 6. By the time the doctor (arrive) arrived at the house the patient (die) had died 7. Before that day we (never / think) had never thought of traveling to Japan. 8 (know) had known him a long time before I (meet) ‘met his family 9, They (not / know) did not know where to meet us because nobody (tll had tad them. 10. (be) hacL been cloudy for days before it (begin) began to rain, Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or present perfect 4. Since computers were frst introduced tothe public inthe ear 1980, technology _has changed a ‘reat deal, The fist computers _were_ simple machines designed for basic tacks, They _did not. fhave_ much memory and they were not_very power Early computers ware often quite expensive and customers often _paid_ thousands of dollars for machines which actually _did_very litle. Most ‘computers _were separate, individual machines used mostly as expensive typewriters or fr playing games. 2, Times have changed computers have become D powerful machines with very practical applications. Programmers have ereated_ 2 large selection of Useful programs which do everything from teaching foreign languages ta bookkeeping We are playing video games, but today’s games have. become faster, more exciting and interactive adventures, Many computer users alse got_on the Internet ancl_began_ communicating with other Computer users around the world. We started _to Create intemational communities onlin. In short, the simple, individual machines of the past _have evolved. into an intemational World Wide Web of knowedge, Fill each blank with the correct tense form of the word given within brackets. Use helping verbs where re Quired. One has been done for you. 1. had married 2.had already met 3, had been taking 4, had left 5. had run 6.had given 7. Had you finished 8.had watched 9. had been waiting 10 had been trying Filin the blanks with correct foem of the verbs. Use helping verbs where needed (simple past continuous). The first one has been done for you 2, The car (real oe down and we (have) ato 3. The boys (swim) were swimming while the girls (cunbath) were sunbathing 4. My father (com) came in, look) looked and (tll) {old me to tidy up my room. 5. While one group (prepare) was preparing dinner the oes collet were collecting wood forthe 6. While the parents (have) were having breakfast the chiléren (run) were cunning about 7 Marta un aura of the Kat and (go) went o Fillin the blanks with correct foem of verbs. Use help- ing verbs wherever needed (simple future or future perfect), The first one has been done for you 2, [finish will ave finished it by the end ofthis month 3, The teacher (probably/essign) will probably assign 2 test to his students next Monday. 4. He (correct) will have corrected it by the end of next week My rend (ceninty get wil certainly get # good 6. By 9 otlock, we (nish) ill have finished our homework 1. Thay (eave ll have left the clsstoom by the end8, I think start all start my trip tomorrow Fil inthe blanks with the correct foem of the verb. Use helping verbs whereves needed. (resent Continues / Present Perfect Continues). The stone has been done for you 2, A: Where is Gary? 8: He is studying inthe library_for his German test con Wednesday’ n fact, he has been preparing for the test every day for the last week 3. You look really great!_Are you young_to the fies center? 4, Sunil, where have you been? We have been. waiting for you since 1PM, 5. A: What s that sound? 8: Acar alarm _ts ringing somewhere down the street It_isidiving me crazy -Iwish it would stop! T_has been ringing for more than twenty minutes. 6. Mohit English is really improving isnt it? He has been watching American television programs and _has been studying his grammar very day sinca he frst anved in America, Soon he vill be totally fluent 7. Nou looka little tied, Are you getting enough sleep lately? 8: Yes,t_amleeping relatively wal. just lok tired because | have been feeling site sck since Monday ‘&: [hope you feel better soon. 8: Thanks. |_am currently taking some medicine, so should feel better in 2 couple of days. Put the verb into the correct Past perfect and Past Per fect Continuous. The frst one has been done for you b. had had been waiting had arranged «. had already picked had been waiting 4g. had almost given h. gone i. had been J. had missed Put the verb into the correct Present Perfect / Past Per fect/Present Perfect Continuous / Past Perfect Continu: ous. The first one has been done for you. 2, had been waiting had been working, had worked had seen had climbed, had sailed, had gone has experienced 7. had been crying Put the verb into the correct Future perfect and Future perfect Continuous, The first one has been done for you, 2. will have been studying 3. shall have visited 4. will have mastered 5, ill have delivered 7. Conditionals 7.1 Zero Conditional Presentation Read the following instructions given by the teacher to the students on junk food, Answer the follewing questions, 1 2 CChildeen become couch potato when they eat junk food everyday If children drink too many cold drinks, they can harm their pancreas because cold drinks contain unhealthy ‘amount of sugar. If children have a healthy diet, they are more likely to ‘get enough nutrients, lke fiber, calcium, vitamin D and potassium, Let's Exercise ‘A. Reorder the words and convert them into zero condi- tional sentences, 1. FL wake up late, 1m late for work. 1 my husband cooks, he burns the food. If Jyoti doesn’t wear a hat, she gets sunstroke, IF children don't eat well they aren't heathy. IF you mix water and electricity, you get a shock people eactoctmany sweety they getter. Ifyou smoke, you get yellow fingers If children play outside, they don’t ‘get overweight, 9. Ifyou heat ie, it melts. 110. If speak to Harish, he gets annoyed, Match the beginnings of the sentences to the correct endings. Ifyou mix black and whi Ifyou don’t water flows a.it floats, bit tums to ice. ‘When you heat i ‘c you get dough. If you freeze water’ it melts, When you tickle e.they die, If you mix flour and wat When the teacher gi homework, she laughs. 4g. you get arey. fh she always complet it.. Complete the blanks with zero conditionals 1. melts 2.ifshe drinks 3, When I smell 4. want S.ifThave 6. talk 7. it's 8. see 7.2 First Conditional Presentation, Read the picture story. Answer the following questions 1L. The three duties of Mita are preparing the salad, ‘cutting the onions and letting the guest in 2. Ritu and Pooja will make the sandwiches when Raju and Ravi organise the food, 3. If they all do their best, the party will be great. Let's Exercise A. Complete the Conditional Sentences (First Conditional) by putting the verbs into the correct form. The fist one has been done for you, 2. If do this test, Twill improve my English. 3, If find your ring, {will give it back to you. 4 Payal wl go shopping sho haste nthe afternoon. 5, Samear will go to London next week if he gets 2 cheap fight 6, IFher boyfriend does not phone her today, she will leave him. 7. If they do not study harder, they will nat pass the 8, [fitrains tomorrow, Iwill not have to water the plants, 8, You will not be able to sleep if you watch this scary film, 10.Suman cannot move into the new house ifit is not ready on time. 8. Complete the conditional sentences (First Conditional, Remember to use the auxiliary verbs. 1. Ifitdoesn't rain, we can go swimming tomorrow. 2, Ifyou train hard, you might win the first prize, 3, If we go to Canada next year, we can work on our English, 4 Lay goto the dsc nthe evening do the laundry now. 5. If we go on holiday next week, I cannot play tennis with you. 6, Ifyou see Ganesh tomorrow, you should tell him that you love him. 7. fy parents go shopping in the afternoon, Imust look after my litle sister. 8 He must be a good drummer ithe plays in a band, 9, If you are listening to the radio after 10 pm, you should turn the volume down, 10. Ifyou like that shirt, you can have it Write the correct first conditional form of the verbs giv en in the brackets, 1. If1.go out tonight, ll go to the cinema, 2. Ifyou get back late, Ill be angry. 3. If we don't see each other tomorrow, we'll see each other next week. 4. Ithe comes, I'l be surprised, 5. If we wait here, well be late, 6. If we go ona holiday this summer, well go to Spain. 7. Ifthe weather doesn’t improve, we won't have a picnic. 8, If don't go to bed early, Il be tired tomorrow. 9. If we eat al this cake, we'll feel sick 10.1f you don’t want to go out, I'l cook dinner at home Fill in the boxes such that the sentence are in first conditional foer, IFT study, Iwill pas the exams Ifthe sun shines, we will walk into town, Ithe has a temperature, he will see the doctor IF my friends come, I ill be very happy. Ifshe eams a lot of money, she will ly to New York If we travel to London, we will visit the museums. If you wear sandals in the mountains, you will slip on the rocks. 8, If Rita forgets her homework, the teacher her a low mark give 9. IF they go to the disco, they will isten to loud music. 10 Ifyou wait 2 minute, Iwill ask my parents. 7.3 Second Conditional Presentation Read the picture story. Answer the following questions 1 Riya would buy a lonely island when she hit the jackpot and became rch, If Riya had a house by the beach she would invite all her friends.3. Riya would feel alone when her friends’ holidays get Lot's Exercise ‘A. Complete the (Second Conditionals) by putting the verbs into the correct form, The first one has been done for you. 2, Ithe had more time, he would learn karate, 3, IF they told their father, he would be very angry. 4, She would spend a year in the USA ifit were easier to get a green card 5. If llived on 2 lonely island, I would play with sand all day. 6, We would help you if we knew hov. 7. My brother would buy @ sports car ithe had the money. 8, If felt better, would go to the cinema with you, 9, Ifyou went by bike more often, you would not seach in time, 10, She would not talk to you ifshe were mad at you. 8. Complete the following sentences so that they are in second consitionals form, 1 IF Amit and Sumit were older, they would play in ‘our hockey team, 2. IfTcame home earlier I would prepare dinner. 3. Ifyou did a paper round, you would earn a little ‘eatra money. 4, If they had enough money, they would buy a new 5. IfSuman studied harder she would be better at school 6. If we lived in Rome Francesco would visit us. 7. Ifwe won the lottery. we would fly to San Francisco. 8. Ife was my fiend, I would invite im to my birthday pary. 9. If Mayank got more pocket money, he would ask Dipika out for dinner 10. f Imet Sachin Tendulkar, I would ask for his autograph. 17.4 Third Conditional Presentation Read the picture story. Answer the following questions 1. Ifthe forwards players had run faster they would have ‘scored more goals. 2, Ifthe referee had seen the foul, he wiould have awarded a penalty kick 3. The game would have become better ifthe trainer had sent a substitute in during the second half Let's Exercise ‘A. Complete the Third Conditional by putting the verbs into the correct form. The frst one has bean done for you: 2. Ifyou had asked me, Iwould have helped you. 3. If we had gone to the cinema, we would have seen my friend Jatin. 4. Ifyouhad spoken English, she would have undlerstood. 5. If they had listened to me, we would have been home earlier 6, Iwould have written you 2 postcard if! had had your address, 7. If Thad not broken my leg, ! would have taken part in the contest. 8, Ifithad not started to rain, we would have walked to the museum, ‘9. We would have swum in the sea if there had not been so many sharks there. 10. she had taken the bus, she would not have arrived on time. 8, Put the words in brackets into the correct form to make third conditional sentences. 1. had passed 2.had complained 3, would have been done 4, had not taken S. would not have said 6, had known 7. had been 8, would not have started 8. Detert 8.1 Determiners Review Presentation Read the picture story. A. Answer the following questions. (The narrator visited the ice-cream factory. (In the ice-cream factory the scoops were designed ‘at one comer, and each room was compacted with six freezers, All workess were busy in making fresh stock for the customers, Gil) The narrator felt delighted as each was given an ice-cream to eat. Let's Exercise A. Fin the blanks with suitable articles and put across (x) where itis not required, Lithethe 2an 3the 4x San Ga a 8x Bea Othe8. Decide and than write whether to use the definite article the or not, Put across it article is not required. the 2The 3the the S.the 6 the 7.the 8x 9the 10x Fillin the blanks with appropriate articles. If there is no need, put a cross mark (X) 1 The the 2.a,xthe,the 3. the, the 4 athe Sate thex 6. the/a 7, the,an, the 8.the the an.xx 9. The, the the, O.the, the, the, the Fillin the blanks with suitable articles A, An and The ‘wherever necessary. :L. While walking x home one evening, Sachin saw a fiery glow in one ofthe classrooms in the school. He shouted for x help and soon a large crowd had ‘gathered. Someone summoned the fie brigade, ‘hich put out the fire in half an hour, 2. Miss Khanna isa social worker. She visits x public institutions such asx prisons, x hospitals, x mental clinics and x homes for the poor and the aged. She helps to look after the welfare ofthe needy 3. As we were walking past the church, a mysterious ‘object fashed over our heads into a clump of x bushes nearby. We rushed to the spot where the ‘object had fallen and found a squirming feathered thing on the ground. We wondered what kind of x creature itwas. 4, Pankaj left x school after sitting for the General Certificate of Education Examination last year. He went back to x school last week to obtain a testimonial from the headmaster He needed the testimonial for an interview with an airline compary. 5. He lived in a notorious part ofthe district and found it necessary to carry 8 weapon for personal safety. He, therefore, wrote to the Commissioner of Police for a permit to cary a pistol. He was given the permit 6. X Bangkok is often called the Venice of the East on ‘account of the numerous canals or ‘klong' there. There is an almost total absence of x roads; hence, Visitor has to resort toa boat as a means of travel along the klong. 7. Michelle is a French gil but she has x great interest in the English language. She has also cultivated an interest in x foreign languages, especially x German ‘and x Japanese. She is majoring in x linguistics at the university and hopes to be a language teacher. 8, Mrs, Malhotra, an art teacher at our school is anv artistas well. She paints during her spare time. Her paintings have won x acclaim in x art circles, and she has sold a great many of them for quite x ‘enormous x sums of money. 9. The week before, a few cases of x cholera had been reported. As a result of this, the medical staff at the hospital were kept busy giving inoculations to all the inhabitants ofthe distict By this they hoped to avert a cholera epidemic. 20.The child was complaining of a headache only a ‘ew minutes ago. But look at im now; he's having the most enjoyable time in the playground. isn't ita wonder the way children get x headaches the moment x homework is mentioned? 82 Demonstratives Presentation Read the picture story. A. Answer the following questions. 1 The students who clear the general written test will only be declared as the final contestants 2 The contestants are salected on the basis of fluency 3 ({Kewill imposible his cony dence level (id {twill also raise his speking skills 3. Priya is ready to buy one book instead of five because iti the combination of all the five books and less expensive too, 8. Fill n the blanks below with this that, these and those. Near: This_ (Singular) These (Plural) Far: That (Singular) Those (Plural) Let's Exercise A. Help Pooja to describe her office, Write this or these for things that are near her, and that or those for things that are nat near her. The first one has been done for you. 2. That 3. Those 4This S. These 6, That 7. These & That 9. That 10, These 8, Underline the demonstrative pronouns and adjectives. White P for 2 demonstrative pronoun and an A for demonstratives adjective, The first one has been done for you 1 A Those cattle are running away. B_Thisis the last straw. A. I gave you those books yesterday. B_ [will forget this if] don't write it down, A. These actors are very skilled, B can realy see that, A This fruit is rotten A Give me that hat. That is all there is. 10. B Those arestinky. CC. Rewrite the sentences in ‘plural form’. The one has been done for you. 2. Those are babies. ~‘These are presents, ‘These are umbrellas. ‘Those aren't hamsters. ‘Are those newspapers? Are these postcards? ‘Are those a Spanish flags? ‘Are these flies? 10.Are these sheep? D. Put the words in the correct order. The first one has been done for you 2. What colour are these pillows? This is her new play station. ‘These are dificult exercises. Whose village is that? Look at those knives. ‘These are my daughters. ‘Those are our guests in the garden Is this your favourite model's poster? 10. These are my father's eyeglasses. Fill n the blanks with "this", "that, “these ‘those’ 1. Thats. a wolf and those are_ wolves. 2 Thisis_ some oil and these are_ some sugar cubes. 3. Thisis_a mouse and these are_mice 4, This isa fish and these are_ fish 5, Thatis a toy and those are_some toys F. Write the questions to these answers. 1. What is that? What ate those? Who ate these men? What is this? 5, What are those? 8.3 Possessives Presentation Read the picture story Answer the following questions |L. The fathar brought many gifts and presents for his family 2. The father brought jackets for is sons, sali for his wife and gown for his daughter. 3, The most exciting thing was the night lamp. Let's Exercise A. Complete the blanks using the possessive adjectives. his 2her 3.my their Sour 6 your Ther 8 his 38 ». a cs 8, From sentences using suitable possessive adjectives, 1 Her telephone number is 888-0000, His mechanic is Vijay Mathur, (Our teacher is Sunita Ral Their zip code is $5909, Your address is 10 Violet Street. Her nickname is Mamta. My number is ten. His telephone number is 8822-2323, Her nickname is Vinita, . Choose and circle the correct altemative, 1 his, ours 2. their 3. my, yours 4. Yours S. her 6. their 7.Your D. White the correct possessive pronoun for each sen tence. 1, my, yours 2, her, his, 3.our their 5. his . Check the correct option to fill in the blanks. Lb 2d Be he F. Read the text and choose the right word to complete: the following paragraph, La 2b Ba 4a 5a 6b ha ab G. Fillin the blanks the correct possessive adjective. Litheir — 2.her 3.his 4.our 5. my H. Fill n the blanks with the correct possessive pronoun. hers 2. theirs 3. his 4.yours 5. theirs 1 Fillin the blanks with the pronouns from the box. One ppronoun can be used more than one 1 Her 2. His 3.Their 4. My S.Our 6. His/My 7. Her/My/His 4. Fillin the blanks with his, her, your or thei, LHer | 2.His B.your 4. their K. Rewrite the following sentences using possessive pronouns / adjectives. The first one has been done for you. 2, These are my watches, These watches are mine. 3, Excuse me, i this your mobile phone2/ excuse me is this mobile phone yours? 4, Those pens are Mayank and Chetna’s, ‘Those are Mayank and Chatna’s pens. 5, Her shoes are in her bedroom, 6, Theirs pencils are on the table. 7. Her bag isin the living room, P>-8, Those are Sahil trousers, Those trousers are his, 9, Her skirt i in the wardrobe, 8.4 Quan Presentation, Read the picture story. A. Answer the following questions or per story given above, 1. Jhon didn't has time for breckfast as he had to catch the train, 2. Jhon flt surprised because his compaitmant was empty. 3, Them realised that eailies he rose, the more relaxing his day would be 8, Fill in the blanks with suitable quantifier. 1. Less 2alot 3, more 4, many 5, more 6 little 7. much B.any 8. many Let's Exercise A. Choose the appropriate quantifier for the following sentences, 1. some 2alotof 3.alittle 4, alotof S.afew 6, How much, 7. Howmany — Bany 9. ite 10, many 8, Fillin the blanks with ‘something’ ‘anything’, ‘someone’, ‘anyone, ‘somewhere, ‘anywhere. 1. something _2.someone 3. anything. 4, anywhere —-5.Someone 6. anyone 7. something &. something 9. Aryone. 10. anything C. Complete the following sentences with ‘some’ or ‘any’ 1. some 2any 3.any 4. some S.some 6.some 7. any 8.some 9.some 10. any 1D. Complete the following sentence using How much’ or How many 1. Howmany — 2.Howmany 3. How many 4, Howmuch — S.How much 6, How many. 7. Howmuch 8 How many 9, How much 10. How much . Fillin the blanks with litle, a litle and the ‘itl’ 1 little 2alitle 3. The little 4, little S.alittle 6.Alitle 7. alitde F. fill n the blanks in with few, a ‘ew or the ‘ew’ 1. few 2afew 3, The few 4. few 5. Few 7. Few 8 The Few 19, Answer the following questions. 1. Customer did not like the first two toys because it did not serve his needs. 2. The letest toy had serveral featwes, It had the most, different music. 3. The customer was astinished at the cost of the toy. 6. The few 8.5 More about Determiners Let's Exercise A. Read the following idiomatic expressions and underline the determiners. 1. Abird in the hand is worth two in the bush. ‘There is ne smoke without fre, Don't put all your eggs in one basket. “Many hands make light work ‘Any time means no time. Every cloud has a silver lining Mate haste, less speed. ‘Tao many cooks spoil the broth. All toads lead to Rome. 10. One man’s meat is another man’s poison. B. Fill n the blanks with each or every. 1. Each 2every 3. Every 4. Each S.every . Fillin the blanks with suitable determiners. 1. Every 2.None 3.Each 4. every S.one 6.All 7. ach Bary all 10. None. D. Fill n the blanks with the correct use of ‘eachvevery’ 1. Each 2every 3.each 4, every 5. Every 6.each 7. each Beach 9. Each 10. every E. Fill n the blanks with ‘either’ or ‘neither’ 1. Either 2. Neither 3. either 4. neither neither F. Fill n the blanks with correct determiners. 1. Both, either several, every (One, another, neither, both all S.both Neither 6 Either 8.bothAnswer the following questions 1L. Customer did not lke the first two toys because it did not serve his needs. 2. The letest toy had serveral featwes. It had the most different music, 3, The customer was astinished at the cost of the toy. 9, Prepositions Presentation Read the picture story Answer the following questions. 1. The narrator was overwhelmed by the stench of cat's urine once he got inside the house 2. The narrator's eyes fell on two salad dressing ‘containers sitting on a table beside the couch, which ‘was completely covered with dirty laundry. 3. In the restroom around the base ofthe tub, narator saw two red velvety mushrooms growing between the tub and tile floor. Let's Exercise A ill n the blanks with correct prepositions. 1. He went away at four oclock inthe aftemoon on Monday, 2, In the evening, there's a great flm on TV and @ comedy programme at midnight. 3, [stopped at his house to borrow a raincoat in the middle of a storm on Sunday. 4. In my opinion, you can rely on/upon him to come aiy noon. 5. [saw him looking at/far/through some books inf a the brary on Saturday. His brother was with/ay/ near him, 6. [posted the parcel at the main Post Office in/on Market Road, 7. It won't fll off/down because | have twisted the ‘wire round that post to keep it in position {8 Iwas woken up by the sound of the radio in my brother's room. The radio was on at abit high volume. ‘8, He was lying injured on the field after a fall from his horse. 10.1 was shocked by the way in which he reacted to. someone calling him fatty. 8. Complete the sentences using prepositions. 1. Jiwan soon rowed across the river and tied up the boat an the other side. 2. On both sides of the lonely road there were endless mighty trees, 3. During the holidays Lintend to visit many places which Thave heard offabout from friends who have been ta those places, 4. The new dam that was built on/across the river produces electricity for many parts ofthe country. S. Imade an urgent request for their help to look for the key to the storeroom. 6. He parked his car behind a line of parked cars behindibeside the bulcing, 7. In about two weeks we're going on holiday to the Sahara Desert 8. Lexpect to retum to Shanghai in about a week's time to continue with my pioneering research ‘rvinto why frogs croak at right and not in the daytime. ‘8, Water splashed anto my face when the bottle slipped out of my hand and dropped into the basin full of water. 10. the past few weeks, Lwas in hospital recovering from a mysterious illness. [as well looked after by doctors and nurses. Choose the correct prepositions. Linat 2for — Rofof with —5.with for 6.onin Z.with of Bofat 9.to,for 10.with, at Rewrite the sentence by preposition whereves required, The first one has been done for you. 1L. My parents sided with my brother in our quarrel My penfriend took a long time to reply to my letter. I searched for my missing pen but could nat find it Please supply us with two more typewriters am very worried about my sister's heath, You can wait for the bus here Please hand in your exercise books for checking. What word must I look up in the dictionary? We set off on our journey at six in the morning 110:You should think over your decision before you ‘hand in your resignation. Edit the following sentences and put the write preposi tion at its place, 1. Please pay attention to what I have to tell you. 2. Don’t worry about your looks. Take care of your health 3. This bread is superior to the one you are eating, 4, This book is quite dificult for the reader to understand. 5. This illness is caused by @ virus. 6. Kamal is good at computer games. 7. Tonly go home at weekends 8 His account of the accident differs from yours,9, My boss is very satisfied with my work. 10, Don't be afraid of ghosts. They don't exist 10. Linkers and Connectors Presentation Read the picture story. Answer the following questions. 1. Linking word lady uses here is ‘though 2, Linking word doctor uses here is ‘inspite of 3. Lady tls the dactor that there is no improvement though she has taken the medicines. Lot's Exercise A. Choose the correct linking word to complete the sentence, Jatin: Have you got any plans after you finish college? upak : Binod and I are planning to go to France if ‘we can afford it, We have saved some money so that ‘we.vll visit Pais first Jatin: That sounds great. How are you travelling there? Rupak : By air. Our thoughts aren't here since we made this plan. Ie will be expensive but it willbe interesting. 8. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word given in the box below. 1. so that 2.Although 3. inorderto 4. incase 5.50, but 6. unless 7. because 8 if 9. spite of . Combine the pairs of sentences using the conjunction given in the brackets and rewrite them. The first one has been done for you, 2, We call you but you never receive it. You can go when you finish the work. ‘They came to the party despite they weren't invited. She studied hard so that she didr't fll the exam. He doesn't stay here since he left last Monday. She's taken leave for a week because of her brother is getting married, {Thee were crackers nearly oe did ight the 9, You will have an accident unless you be careful :10.We enjoyed the holiday is spite of rain everyday. LLL She took a map in case it was possible that shetd ‘get lost. 12.Don't disturb her if she's studying, ©. Fill n the blank with 2 suitable likes or sequence con- rector 1. Therefore 2maddition 3. As a result 4, However: S.First, Then 6, After, Then 7. Consequently 8. Thus 9. However 10.Besides E, Correct the following sentence using correct conector. 1. then 2 Finally 3, Subsequently 4. After 5. Until 6. Then 7. Before 8. first 9. Then 10st, then 11. Active and Passive Voice 1.1 Voice Review Let's Exercise A. Change the following sentences into passive voice, 1. Fish is being caught by him, Vegetables were being cooked by her, Water is being drunk by them, The accident has been seen by us. Fish is bought by them every day. The news was given us by her Alletter was written me by him. Some tea was made us by her. B, Rewrite the following sentences, in Passive Voice, 1. The figures should be checked carefully 2. Awallet and some important documents were found near the bus stop. 3, The refrigerator is used to keep vegetables and fruit cool and fresh, 4. Our house was broken into while we were amay for the weekend, 5. He has never been defeated in archery or javelin throwing. 6. Her lag was hurtin the match, 7. Years ago a bitter battle was fought here 8. At the shop I was given rinety rupees change. 8, They were told to go away. 110.The bunting should be hung up before the camival starts . Change the following sentences into passive voice, 1. Anotorious thief was caught by the police. 2, Strangers passing by were being licked by the dog. 3. All the participants were briefed about the rules by the organiser 4, Salsa’s handbag was taken by mistake. 5. My car has been repaired by the mechanic 6. Some vegetables are being planted at the backyard by mother7. The results will be announced by the judge soon. 8. The duty roster i being typed out by the secretary 9, Lam afraid the office has been broken into again, 10.4 spot check will be carried out by the prefects next ‘week: D. Complete the sentences using one of these verbs in the correct form. The first one has been done for you. 2ismade 3. was damaged 4, is included 5. were invited 6, are shown 7. are held 8. was written, was translated 9, were overtaken E. Complete the following passage with suitable correct, passive form of the verb given in brackets, La. was introduced b.has been examined was sent 2a. ishoped b.has been solved < becompleted 3a. were massacred bis written were divided 4a. isviewed b.are watched © are preferred 5a. was celebrated b. was brought was lighted 6a. istaken bare added < isserved 7a. istaken biis added is baked 8.a. was dosed b. was found was examined 111.2 Voice - Interrogative and Negative Statements Presentation Read the picture story. Answer the following questions. 1L. Rohan’s assignment had been done by his brother. 2. Rohan was not well 3, Teacher aleited Rohan by saying in future is ‘assignments shoul be done by him, Let's Exercise ‘A. Convert the following Interrogative Active into Interrogative passive 1 Is football played by the children? Has the work been finished by you? Were you invited by Alia? an it be eaten? ill our invitation be accepted by him? By whom was the snake killed? Who was laughed at by you? Why were you punished by him? Change the Voice in the following sentences, By whom was the job done? Can the door be broken by you? Willa song be sung by her? 1s English being spoken by him? Ia banana being eaten by you? Why is the ear being washed by you? When will the money be given by him? Where will you be met by him? How is a cake made by you? 110.To whom was the story told by you? Convert the following sentences into passive voice by adding ‘By whorn’ 1. By whom wore you helped? By whom are the students being taught? 8y whom wil he cat be fed? By whom has this picture boon paintad? By whom was she deceived in love? By whom is he suspected to bea thie? /. By whom were you lent this Book? By whom was she escortad tothe door? By whom are lovely roses not liked? 10.8) whom isthe President of Inca elected? Convert the following active into passive voice. ‘Where was this picture found by you? How was this book obtained by you? Which book was purchased by you? Which toy is ked bythe citd? By which team was the match won? By which doctor was he treated? Where was this pen found by you? What mistake was committed by him? What action was taken agnnst him by the teacher? 10.What offer was put forth by him? 11.What are you taught by her?2.What has been done by him? 13.What is wanted by you? ‘V4.What is contained in this box? 415.When was tis picture painted by you? 111.3 Voice- Imperative Sentence Presentation Read the picture story Answer the following questions. L School is going to organise a camp for orphan students. ‘Teacher suggests not to bring any waste material or ron essential items for orphans. Teacher advices to bring some suitable clothes, books, stationary items, fresh eatables, soft toys etc, Lot's Exercise A. Change the following imperative sentences into passive voice. The frst one has been done for you. You are ordered to bring a glass of water for me. You are ordered to go to market immediately. You are raquestad to help me, You are requested to take pity on him, You are requested to keep this book on the tabla. You are advised to speak the truth ahvays. You are advised to respect your elders ahvays. You are requested to leave the room, 10, It is time for the work to be started, LL. Itis time for the lesson to be revised, 12.Itis time for prayers to be sai, Convert the negative imperative sentences into passive 1. You are forbidden to stand in the ceremony. 2, You are requested not to disturb me. 3. You are requested not to eat rave fruit 4, You are forbidden to walk barefooted. 5. You are advised never to tell ale. Change the following imperative sentence into passive voice using ‘Let Let your elders be respected, Let your work be started now. Let the window be dosed. Let the poor be helped. Let the beggar not be insulted. Let your parents be obeyed, Let your oven business be minded, Let overripe fruit not be taken. Let our work be started. L 2 3. 4 5. 6. 2. 8 9 12, Reported Speech 12.1 Indirect Speech- Review Let's Exercise A. Change the following direct sentences into indirect speech. The first one has been done for you. 12. She said that she had gone to the cinema the day before. He said that he was writing a test the next day. You said that you would do that for him. She said that she was not hungry then. ‘They said that they had never been there before, ‘They said that they had been in London the week before 8, He said that he would have finished that paper by the next day. 9. He said that they wouldn't sleep. 10. She said that it was very quiet there, Change the following sentence from direct speech, to indirect speech, He said that he had got a toothache, Manu said that he was very busy then, She told us to hurry up. He asked her to give him a cup of water. ‘She said that she was going to college, She thanked me. Raju said that Gautam would have to go the following day. 8. Geetha says that her father is an Engineer 9, He said that he had passed the physical test. 10. She told me that Iwas her only feng. LLL. He told me that he loved me. 112. Pawan asked Maya where she was going 12.2 Reported Imperatives Presentation Read the picture story. Answer the following questions. 1 2 3 The doctor advised the patient to give up smoking, ‘The doctor forbade the patient to smoke as it was the biggest risk factor forall the heart diseases. actor ordered the patient to quit smoking, Doctor suggested that he should eat healthy snacks ‘when craving hitsLet's Exercise A. Change the following direct imperative sentences into indirect sentence. The first one has been done for you. 2. Indirect: advised him to love and obey his parents. 3, Indirect The teacher advised the sentence to work hard. 44, Indirect: Mahesh requested me to lend him my pen, 5, Indirect: The doctor advised the patiant to quit smoking, 5 eee eee work immediatel 7. Indirect The teacher allowed (or asked) the boy to come in. 8, Indirect: He ordered me to post that letter at once, 9. Indirect I forbade the children to make a noise 10. Indirect I forbade her to mention my name. 4 ndrece Tamed the child not t oak down nto the wal 12. Indiract: He asked me to wait there till he retumed, 8. Convert the following sentences from direct to indirect speech (reported speech) Her mother told her to put on her shoes. The teacher told me to open my notebook, Maya told her uncle not to be mad at her. The coach told Rohit to get on his feet. The cashier told Anu to give him her receipt. ‘Anand told his mother to help him with his homework. The officer told us not to park there The ambulance driver told pedestrians to move out of the way. 9, Deepak told his mother to wait for him, 10, Pooja told her husband to stop acting like a child CC. Change the following direct imperative sentences into indirect speech, 1 Anusha proposed to Om tht they should go te 2, Manjula proposed to me that we should play carom that day, 3. He suggested that they should wait a few minutes and try again later 4, Party workers requested to the leader to let them (OR allow them) do some favour to their supporters D. Complete the sentence such thet they are in Reported speech 1. Kiran told me not to play football in the garden. 2, The teacher reminded me not to forget to complete my homework. 4, Amit told me not to talk to my neighbour. 5, Danish told me not to open the door. 6, Mayank reminded me not to sing that song, 7. Julie advised me not to watch the new film, 8 Sonu told me not to ring Monu on Sunday. 9, Lalita advised me not to fly via Paris. 110,Jyoti reminded me not to eat to much junk food. 123 Reported Questions Presentation Read the picture story ‘A. Answer the following questions. 1. Mita and Ditya talked about their holidays. 2. Ditya asked Mita if she had joined the summer camp which she had been searching for before the vacations. 3. Ditya completed her homework in her Nani house 3. Change the following sentences into indirect speech ‘he frst one has been done for you. 2. Indirect: The teacher asked the new comer what his 2: nec: The wo asked the lars why they were at 4. Indirect: The mother asked hee daughter lovingly hhow she had fared in the examination, 5. Indirect: The shopkeeper asked me which bag I wanted Indirect: She asked him why he was disturbing her Indirect: asked the boys who taught them English. Indirect: Jan asked Maya what she was doing Inc Te ok man asked hse why he had come there Let's Exercise A. Change the direct speech into indiract speech 1. Chetan asked me if wanted to dance. Babita wanted to know when Thad come home. Mayank asked me ifJiwan had arrived, Ronny asked me where Mamta parked her ca. Easha asked me if had watched the latest film, Moan wanted to knaw if he could help her. Alok asked me if Mohan would have lunch with, ‘Suman, Jatin asked me what Iwas doing, Firoz wanted to know how much pocket money Mumtaz got BS «10.Anu asked if she had to do the shopping. 8. Complete the sentences in reported speech He wanted to know what the time was. She asked me when we would meet again, She asked him ithe was crazy. He wanted to know where they had lived. He asked her if she would be at the party She asked me if could meet her atthe sation ‘The teacher wanted to know who knew the answer She wanted to know why he didn't help her He asked me ifLhad seen that car, 10. The mother asked the twins ifthey had tidied up_ theit roam. 124 Reported Exclamations Presentation Read the picture story Answer the following questions 1. Sachin Tendulkar exclaimed with joy because Inca hhad won the match against the Bangladesh in ICC ‘Champions Trophy and had qualified forthe final round with a team thumping victory 2, Indian giving @ tough fight to Pakistan inthe final ‘of ICC Champions Trophy. That matter would be the matter of great pride. 3. Sachin hoped that india play well inthe final and win ICC Champions Trophy Let's Exercise Change the following into indirect speech. The fst one has been done for you 2, Indirect: The old man exclaimed with sorrow that he had lost his purse 3. Indirect: The child exclaimed with delight that it was a very beautiful sight. 4. Indirect: The girl exclaimed with delight thatthe rainbow was very beautiful 5. Indirect: The candidate exclaimed with disapproval thatthe problem was very clifficult 6. Indirect: The students respectfully wished their teacher good morning 7. Indirect: Anu exclaimed with delight that she was very ‘lad to meet her friend there 8, Indirect: The Emperor exclaimed with sorrow that their foes were too strong, 9. Indirect: The boy exclaimed with delight that he had ‘won a prize, 10 Indirect: He exclaimed with joy that he had got a reward ‘LLIndirect: She exclaimed with sorrow that she failed in the exam. 112.Indirect: Pawan exclaimed with wonder that it was @ 13 Indirect: She exclaimed with joy that she was selected for the job. ‘Indirect: He exclaimed with sorrow that he had missed ‘the bus. 1L5.Indirect Speech: They exclaimed with wonder that it ‘was a pleasant environment. 13. Integrated Grammar 131 -Editing Let's Exercise Inthe passage given below there is an error underlived in teach line, Write the incorrect word in the space provided and then write the correct word, Editing Exercise-1 Mickey Mouse are a cartoon character who have become an icon forthe Walt Disney Company, Its created in 1928 by Walt Disney Mickey's popularity has grown above the world Mickey never do arything immoral. This was due to het angelic nature. The frst appearance ‘of Mickey Mouse was at Plane Crazy on May 15, 1928, Incorrect Correct 2 ae as b. have has ci wa 6. above around edo. does her bis oat ra Editing Exercise-2 Human enhances the quality a life and may reliave the body from so much health problems Infact, humans is the only creatures on earth that are endowed with the ability in laugh, Regular laughter sessions would have important effects on our health but well being. Since laughterdo affect the body, mind and spirit, the only thing you have to do to lead an happy life is LAUGH, as simple as that. Incorrect Correct at ot b. anuch many cis ae 4. in to fe, would can & but and 9. do does he an a Editing Exercise-3 The Mother's Day ane celebrated (on various days in many parts of a world, most commonly at March, April or May as a day to honour mothers and motherhood. In a UK and Ireland, it followed the old traditions of Mothering Sunday, celebrated on March/April Incorrect Correct a are as. ba athe eat ain doa the e. followed follows £ on in Editing Exercise-4 ‘An owlis a bird, There is two basic types of ‘owls: typical owls and bam ovls, Owls lives in almost every country at the world, Owis hunt for mice and other small mammals, insects but even fish. Owls should tum their heads 180 degrees. Many ccalures believed that ows are unusually wise. However, ows probably doss not interact with the fates of human forall. Incorrect Correct a ate b. tives clive, © at aot but 9. does do hh for at 1320mi Read the following passages, There is one ward missing In each line where a slash (/) has been marked. Write the correct word in the space provided Omitting Exercise-1 ‘The girafe isthe tallest ofall ving land /. ‘A male can tower up to eighteen feet /a female up to fifteen feet. Giraffes eat a variety / foliage / summer, when trees are in full leaf they need only fifty percent. When walking, /head and neck move forward and backward. It gallop at 50 km. pper hour quite rhythmically. bPFeRY Omitting Exercise-2 Raksha Bandhan falls / Shravan Purnima. On this day, / accepts a Raksha Sutra 's protected / evi. Tying a rakhi re-inforces ‘bond that ensures the brother / protect and see to the welfare of his sister / ensure that no hhanm comes to her. In tur, sister prays / the well being of / brother. rib FRR: C Omitting Exercise-3 I remember my uncle’ house / I went every winter, It only / living room and ‘two bedrooms. It/ had a large garden. There ‘were / of trees and it was very peaceful, He also had a black dog, Browny. I realy loved / play with Browny.1/ planning to go again with my family / winter.£ am 9. this Omitting Exercise-4 We have the new school principal / Mrs. Mehta. She / very much interested in sports and other activities. he / suggested various things that we could have / inthe school. She is going to invite / famous sportsmen to encourage the students. / feel honoured to have such / nice principal 2, called be is, © has J, done ©. some £ We. ow 13.3 Gap Filling Let's Exercise Complete the following passages with one word only. La. but bain but whom him about 2. a. among bithe cits and one f longest 3. a. used to bof would da ewith this 4. a. who: bto cof his him f would 5. a. be band with itself esuch, tthe 13.4 Newspaper Headlines Let's Exercise Expand the following news headlines. 1. has entered 2. will be going to Pakistan on a throe day visit 3. rejects an attempt by Wikileaks 44, has tumed its war zone 5, has fled another FIR against minister for IT and BT 6. was bagged by theatre activist 13.5 Sentence Transformation Lot's Exercise a) a, he felt then if he had taken b. he felt slightly ® 2, hewas going if he might drop him oO 2, she had spent her twas her first tip, © 2. if he would be coming home early that day b. if there was any problem . that she would go to her mother's place along with the kids © 2. if he would come with him be. that he had to show him his new car fit wasa toy ora real one be. that he was going to the b. she had visited Kashmir 14. Comprehension Passages Unseen Passage Passage-1 1 Answer the following questions. ‘2. She gave unalloyed joy to her fans when she became the fist Indian worvan to make an Olympic final b. Usha was so consistent for well over a decade that she was truly the flag bearer who helped countrymen live the dream of rare sporting excellence, ‘& Many girls in the mid 80s named after Usha because it served as an eloquent testimony to the love and affection many people had for Usha FAVOUR AGAINST ZOO SHOULD NOT BE ZOO SHOULD BE ABOLISHED? ‘ABOLISHED? First ofa, people can see wild, | On the other beautiful, exotic animals in the | hand, keeping 00. Secondly, animals have good | animals in zoos life conditions in zoos. They do | is harmful for them. The animals are forced to live inan unnatural habitat. There is ‘not enough living space in the 2005, Which often makes animals unhappy and restless. It is also true that, some animals do not proliferate in 2008, Secondly, animals should live in freedom, because itis their natural habitat. Moteover, animals in the 200s live under stress, The worst thing is that animals in the 2005 will never be able to exist in their natural habitat alone. They will not have any chance to survive there. not starve because they have food and water. People take care of animals. Moreover, animals are safe. People do net kill them. Animals live as close to the natural habitat as possible. Good 200s have veterinarians who can help injured or sick animals, which would dle in the wild. If an animal falls, there are people available to help it and, if the animal dies, post-mortems can be Used to help other members of the animal's group. Animals are safer inthe 200 because there are no predators to hunt them. To reep ‘their population numbers high, endangered animals are kept in 205 to help them survive and raise ‘their numbers through mating. In conclusion, it seems that keeping wild animals in zoos is more beneficial than harmful. | think that itis proftable {or all animals, because they get good protection and can feel safe in zoes. Thanks 2. Write a debate in favour of the motion * Humans are responsible forthe possible and of life oneaith Attempt Yourself 162 Letter Writing Let's Exercise 1L. Write a letter to your friend inviting him to spend the weekend with you 3244- Sarita Colony Delhi-32 5M January 2008 Dear Kunal,Ihave come to know that since your school has closed for the Auturnn Break you have plenty of free time at ‘your disposal at the moment. I woul like to tell you that even Tam having holidays now. Ithas been a long time since we have spent some time together Ifyou are free, I would like to have your ‘company this weekend. Why don't you come over to ‘my house and spend a day or so with me? Tam anxiously waiting for your reply. Yours affectionately, 1 2. Write a letter (within 120 words) to the Editor of an English Daily expressing grave concarn about giving punishment in educational institutions 3266 - Sarita 6 ony Dalhi - 32 110 tebway 2017 To The Editor The Telegraph 6 Prefulla Sarkar Street Kolkata - 700001 pane e ae Sir, corporat Through the Readers’ column of your esteemed journal daily, [Would like to express my grievance against ‘the continuous rise in giving corporal punishment in ‘educational institutions, The practice to exercise corporal or mental punishment in educational institutions needs attention to be paid. We come across several cases ofthis inhuman practice through media. Educational institution is a place where ‘young minds go to get education. When they are treated lke a prisoner for any cause by the teachers in the dassroom, they get a great shock and humiliation, They become terrified and their mental growth is retarded, Sometimes, the teachers cross the limit in ‘such a viay that the vietims have to be hospitalised, These incidents are unexpected from the learned class, of the society, Punishment is not the way of solution to any problem faced by the teachers, Proper education and counselling should be incorporated in the ‘classrooms to manage the students, The concemed ‘guardian should also be called in if necessary. ‘Corporal punishment should be strictly banned in the institutions. The Govt. should enforce the existing law inthis regard, Yours faithfully Akshita 163 Article Writing Let's Exercise 1 Living a healthy lifestyle isthe top priority for mary people in the ight of above statement write an article 6 ‘Keeping a healthy lifestyle in not more than 100- 150 words Keeping a Healthy Lifestyle ‘Today because of our busy schedules and hectic lives, we are unable to live @ healthy este. A healthy lifestyle includes eating balanced meals, along regular ‘xeric, getting enough sleep and having some recreational activities, Taking balanced meals withthe Fight emount of carbohydrates, pratains, fruits and vegetables is vital fr a healthy lifestyle. Regular exercise nat only keeps your body trim and ft butt also reduces the risk of developing heart clsease and diabetes, Exercising on a daily bass for at least 30 minutes per dy will do wonders for your health, One should sleep for about 7 t0 8 hours a day. Doing £0 will help the body to replenish tel Lack of sleep make you fee re. It will azo affect your concentration. One must take part in recreational activites. There should be a balance between work or study and leisure, Remember, Al ‘work and no play makes Jack a dull boy’. At the same time, one must stay avay from unhealthy habits and ‘activites, ike smoking tis harmful for health, nat only does smoking cause life threatening diseases ike heart disease and lung cancer it also causes wrinkles and lead to premature aging. People who lve healthy itestyle tend tobe healthier, ive longer and are happier On the ‘other hand, people who do not ive a heathy fiestyle ‘¢e prone t illness and stress 2. Women wall long distances to fetch water in certain parts ofthe country. There isnot only scarcity of water but water in most places is also contaminated. Using the hints given below together with your ovin ideas, ‘write an article in about 125 words onthe scarcity of clean drinking water, suggesting ways to improve the situation, Water: Lifeline of life By: XYZ, Class Vit ‘Water is the biggest crisis faced by Inca in terms ‘of spread and severity. With 20% of the world's population, India meet its water needs wth just five pefcent of the globe's available supply. The situation has reached the nadir because of dwindling water- supply, rapidly rising population and changing lifestyles. Groundwater, which isthe main source of drinking ‘ater has been heavily overusel Moreover itis polluted due to over use of pasticides and chemicals in agriculture River water too, is contaminated and rendered unfit for drinking, due to discharge of effluents from industry and domestic sewage.To provide permanent relief against water woes, the ‘government must prepare a concrete plan of action, ‘Awareness dives to educate users about water use should be carried on. Rain water a free source of nearly pure ‘water, must be harvested, The bitter rony is that large ‘swathes ofthe east and northeast are flooded annually, kiling hundreds and displacing millions, but schemes to Tink Fivers that would relocate the water to where it is needed the most have remained only on papers. These: schemes should be implemented without delay, ‘Only a healthy nation can make headway and itis imperative to make every serious effort to make its {8 Lam having. field day>with my final exer. 8, Thecdog daysof summer are stating to wear on me. 10. He was being good Samaritartbecause he helped me out = sentences, B. Read the idioms and write their meaning and sentences, 1. Fool's Par Meaning :-a state of happiness built upon false and ‘misplaced hopes. Sentence:- Tom’ living in 2 fool's paradise. He thinkshe's going to get rich trading stocks, but he doesn’t know anything about finance!” 2. Hand to mouth: Meaning: to have just enough money to live on and nothing extra Sentence:- My father eared very little and there ‘were four of us kids so we lived from hand to mouth, 3. Be on cloud nine Meaning: To be in a state of extreme happiness Sentance:-. Ever since Mary gat her promotion at work, she's been on cloud nine. I don't think I've ‘ever seen her happier. 4, Once ina blue moon Meaning:- almost never Sentence: She visits our home once in a blue moon. 5. Eat Humble Pie ‘Meaning: to admit that you were wrong The lawyer had to eat humble pie in the court because the facts he presented were wrong, 17.5 Proverbs Let's Exercise A. Match the proverbs with their meanings given below. \Write the answer in the blanks. Le2d 3b 4c Sf 6a 8, Match the first half of each proverb with the second half 1 The road to hs 2. where angels fear to tread b. spoil the broth. cc than the devil you dont. d. flack together. is worth two in the bush, (saves nine. gus paved with good intentiors. 2 Abed in the ha Sample Paper-2 Section-A (Reading) Gib Ba 3d 4h Sle 2. 2) While fishing in the blue lagoon, the poet caught lovely silver fish, b. The fish requested him to set him free promised him to _grant his wish. ‘The poet set the fish free because _he wants his. edtiaesentst tute Fah lvgher an free and d. Once again Once asenite poet caught the same fish which was lovely silver prince of fishes, «© Once again the fish offered him to grant his wish but this time the poet _dld not let it g9, A. Flin the blanks with appropriate answers a. train b. the very next day happened to be Derby Day ‘& he was slightly above the usual age for entry 4. retumed to India «. lonely, homesick f. work, play 8, Flin the blanks with one word only. a. London b.M.A, Ansari di ahead G Find the words from the paragraphs that mean the seme as the following, busy a, Surgeon b. Stranger Section-B (Writ 4. Complete the following consversation. €) would you like to go along with us. by when you are visting that suits you <) we will be back 5. Given below is a let of instructions for morning cot- tage cheese. Complete the following paragraph which describas now cottage chease is made. 2) is take b) The milk is pouled in to the pan. @) the lemon juice is added d) its strained through sieve @) the cheese is pressed under a flat hear. You are Vijay Khanna, monitor of class VIlin DAV Public ‘School, Pitam Pura, New Delhi, Write 2 letter to your Principal asking him to arrange for special coaching claner in English. Give reasons why you need this. 6. Attempt Yourself Section: C (Grammar) 7. Choose the correct word from the options and fillin the blanks. a. late b.just «there d. twice 8, Fillin the blanks with appropriate forms of the words sven in brackets, ‘2, He has promised. to help me. Do you think he will remember his promise ? b. The committee has decided. to make Jagdish captain of the team, The decision is likely to please everyone. Alibrary s / heart and soul atheof educational institution. A school ban is judged by / library. Buildings cits alone do not make / school da Books contain knowledge / library eand contain books. library / tis the temple / knowledge and aot ‘a boon / the people. Itis hto the place where knowledge / pseserved. iis 10. Plastic has long been with us. / became well known / the 1930s and particularly in the 1940s through a great deal of publicity. Petroleum / natural gas / the basic raw materials for the ‘manufacture of plastic. / plastic can also be made from coal oF, if need be, even / wood. Sample Paper-2 Section - A (Reading) 1. a Elephants the largest but not the tallest animal in the world. For such a huge body, the eyes. are small but the ears are like _big fans Its long trunk serves. the purpose of fingers for picking up very small ‘things end 3 _hand for holding things like coconut Leaves_and an _atm for lifting weights_ The elephant «an iftits_trunke_vith water and then blowit into its _mouth or _over its body, 2, b, Complete the following sentences. LL. the forests of Asia and Africa 2. neck, small 3. its front teeth 203 bi cs gt Gi 3. ¢ Answer the following questions briefly. ‘a. The partners themselves went up the river to get ‘out a raft of saw-logs for Dawson. b. Buck, John Thomton, Skeet and Nig were all loafing, ‘waiting for the rat to come that was to carry them down to Dawson. ‘¢ Just as mother cat washes her kittens, so Skeet ‘washed and cleansed Buck’ wounds. Skeet look up this task voluntarily. fe. ‘Entice’ Section - B (Writing) 4. Complete the dialogues choosing the corract options. Mother: Son, you have been working since_ morning, Take rest for an haur as you may be tire. Son: Mumma, I_am not tired_as you think. But since you say so, Ishall_take some rest. Mother: After taking rest forsome time_you will feel ‘fresh and shall study well 5, Four cups of water is boiled _ in a kettle. When the ‘ter has boiled, two tablespoon of tea leaves. are added_and made to boil for two minutes. ‘Meanwhile the teapot _has rinsed with boiling water. Alayer of either rose, mogra or jasmine flowers is then added and tes _is poured . It_is allowed to. ‘stand for_ five minutes before it is served 6, Nowadays, many children are provided with mobile phones at an early age in order of to keep in contact with their parents when they are out home. But, are we ‘aware ofthe risks that new smart phones have? As [see it, new technologies and children should be controlled by adults as far at possible. My main reason to think this way is @ psychological related. Young children are not able to understand ‘the risks and problems that smart phones can produce. Children want to be as their classmates, to be in fashion, Managing a smart phone with its characteristics isa dificult task which requires maturity. Another reason is internat and its world _ wide ‘connection. Itis a well-known fact that loading photos from intemet means losing your privacy. When a picture is loaded at known social networks like Facebook, itis impossible to know where the picture ‘ends up. ‘Some people argue that children today need to carry ‘mobile phones so their parents are able to locate them at any time. Moreover, they say that having 2 rechargeable card is a good way to control the spent money by children. Ican agree with that, children today go out more than in the past, and itis a good ‘way to know where they are To sum up, Istrongly believe that we should teach our children about the new technology's risks along with its benefits. New technologies emerge to improve our life quality, from the knowledge they can fulfill their designated purpose. Section ~ ¢ (Grammar) 7. Complete the folowing passage by choosing the appropriate words from the options given for each blank a across bon cinto datLook at the following words and phrases. Rearrange them to form meaningful sentences. Write the correct “answers in the blanks given below. 1, The Himalayas are the highest mour b, Several passengers were injured in the accident. God helps those who help themselves. 4. Everybody praised him for his courage. Nelson Mandela is a South African politician who served as a President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999, Mandela was born at the Thembu royal family. He attends Fort Hare University but the University of Witwatersand where he studied law. He formed a Government at National Unity. As a President, she established a new constitution Incorrect ais boa © at d. attends t a FRPP abut a she, in the weld, 10. In front of my house / a fairly large tree. This tree is what helps me maintain / sanity. Everyday I watch the tree and the life / supports. ‘The tree is home to variety of birds, insects / animals. The tree isa fiend of cattle /, as @ ‘cowshed is situated / to it The cows lie under ‘the cool of the tree and birds come / peck their body keeping / free ofall parasites. ais, b. anekhe respan &