MCN (LECTURE)

Unit 1: FRAMEWORK FOR MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH NURSING

- High degree of Independent

PRIMARY GOAL OF MATERNAL AND
nursing functions (Teaching &
CHILD HEALTH NURSING Counseling)
- Promoting Health & Disease
The promotion and maintenance of prevention.
optimal family health to ensure cycles of - MCN health Nurses as Important
optimal childbearing and childbearing. Resources.
- Holistic Approach
SCOPE OF PRACTICE
The range of services and care that may COMMON MEASURES TO ENSURE
be provided by a nurse based on state FAMILY CENTERED MATERNAL &
requirements. CHILD HEALTH CARE

1. Preconceptual Health Care

2. Care of women during 3 Principles
Trimesters of pregnancy and the ➔ FAMILY is the Basic Unit of Society.
Puerperium (The 6th weeks after ➔ Families come in many different
birth), sometimes termed the 4th forms & sizes (represent racial,
of trimester of pregnancy). ethnic, cultural & socio economic
3. Care of children during Perinatal diversity).
Period (6 weeks before - 6 weeks ➔ Children grow Individually and a
after) part of a fam.
4. Care of children from birth
through adolescence. ★ NURSING INTERVENTIONS IN
5. Care in settings as varied as the FAMILY CENTERED MCN
birthing room, the Pediatric ICU & ○ Consider Family as a whole
at home. and its members.
○ Assess family for strengths,
PHILOSOPHY OF MCN specific needs/ challenges.
○ Respect diversity in Family
- Family Centered as a Unique Quality
- Community Centered ○ Share/ Initiate information
- Evidence Based (combination of on Health Planning
research, clinical expertise & ○ Encourage Family Bonding
patient preferences) & give care (newborn/ ill
- Nurse serves as an Advocate to child. Members affect
protect all rights family)
○ Promote Family Contacts
 ○ Participate in reuniting 5. IMPLEMENTATION - Implements
families. the Interventions.
○ Developmental stimulation 6. EVALUATION - Evaluates the
(Suggestions) progress.
○ Encourage to Reach out to AWHONN STANDARDS FOR
the community. PROFESSIONAL NURSING PRACTICE IN
THE CARE OF WOMEN & NEWBORNS
STANDARD/GUIDELINES OF MCH
NURSING PRACTICE STANDARDS OF PROFESSIONAL
PERFORMANCE
- To promote consistency & ensure 1. QUALITY OF CARE - The nurse
quality nursing care evaluates the quality /
- Standards are developed by The effectiveness of nursing practice to
American Nurses Association in improve.
collaboration with The Society of 2. PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL -
Pediatric Nurses. (TANA/SPN) Nurse Evaluates his/her own
- The Association of Women's nursing practice.
Health, Obstetric and Neonatal 3. EDUCATION - Nurse Acquires and
Nurses (AWHONN) developed maintains knowledge in MCH &
similar standards for Nursing care Nursing Practice.
of Women & Newborns. 4. COLLEGIALITY - Nurse contributes
to professional development of
TANA/ SPN STANDARDS FOR peers/colleagues & others.
PROFESSIONAL NURSING PRACTICE IN (Share/ trainings)
THE CARE OF WOMEN & NEWBORNS 5. ETHICS - Nurse decisions/actions
are determined in an ethical
STANDARDS OF CARE manner.
1. ASSESSMENT - Nurse collects 6. COLLABORATION - Nurse
health data about women & collaborates with others.
newborns. 7. RESEARCH - Nurse integrates
2. DIAGNOSIS - Analyzes data, research findings in practice.
determining diagnosis & 8. RESOURCE UTILIZATION -Nurse
identifying problems of women & considers factors related to safety,
newborns. effectiveness and cost in planning
3. OUTCOME IDENTIFICATION - & delivering care.
Identifies expected outcomes of 9. PRACTICE ENVIRONMENT -
women/newborn. Promotes safe & therapeutic
4. PLANNING - A plan that environment.
prescribes interventions for 10. ACCOUNTABILITY - Legally
women/newborns. accountable for practice.
 MCH NURSE ROLES AND NURSING THEORY
RESPONSIBILITIES
-‘Attempts to describe/ explain the
● CARE PROVIDER phenomenon (Process, Occurrence &
● ADVOCATE Event) called NURSING’. - Barnum,
● EDUCATOR 1998.
● COUNSELOR
➔ PATRICIA BENNER - Novice to
ADVANCED PRACTICE ROLES Expert Theory
● CLINICAL NURSE SPECIALIST ◆ MAJOR CONCEPTS:
● CASE MANAGER (Continuity of NURSING is a caring
Care/Medical Home) relationship. Nurses
● NURSE PRACTITIONER grow from novice to
● WOMEN’S HEALTH NURSE expert as they
PRACTITIONER practice in clinical
● PEDIATRIC NURSE PRACTITIONER settings.
● NEONATAL NURSE PRACTITIONER
● FAMILY NURSE PRACTITIONER
● CERTIFIED NURSE MIDWIFE

4 PHASES OF HEALTH CARE (PMRR)

HEALTH PROMOTION
- Educating clients thru teaching &
role modeling

HEALTH MAINTENANCE
- Intervening to maintain health
when risk of illness is present ➔ FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE -
Nightingale’s Environment Theory
HEALTH RESTORATION ◆ MAJOR CONCEPTS:
- Diagnosing/ Treating illness using ● The role of nurse is
interventions that return clients to viewed as changing
wellness. or structuring
elements of the
HEALTH REHABILITATION environment to put
- Preventing further complications the client into the
from an illness. best opportunity for
recovery.
 ◆ MAJOR CONCEPTS:
● Nursing is on the
individual - they are
assessed in terms of
ability to complete
self care. Care may
be Wholly
compensatory
(client has no rule),
Partly
Compensatory
(Client participates
in care) or
➔ BETTY NEUMAN - Neuman’s Supportive
Systems Model Educational (Client
◆ MAJOR CONCEPTS: performs own care).
● A Person is an open
system that interacts
with the
environment;
Nursing is aimed at
reducing stressors
through Primary,
Secondary &
Tertiary Prevention.

➔ IDA JEAN ORLANDO - Orlando’s

Nursing Process Discipline Theory
◆ MAJOR CONCEPTS:
● The focus of the
nurse is Interaction
with the client;
effectiveness of care
depends on the
client’s behavior and
➔ DOROTHEA OREM - Self Care the nurse’s reaction
Deficit Nursing Theory to that behavior.
 the client as whole
and constantly
changing and help
people to interact in
the best way
possible with the
environment.

➔ ROSEMARIE RIZZO PARSE -

Parse’s Human Becoming Theory
◆ MAJOR CONCEPTS:
● Nursing is a human
science. Health is a
lived experience. ➔ DOROTHY JOHNSON - Behavioral
Man-living health as System Model
a single unit guides ◆ MAJOR CONCEPTS:
practice. ● A person comprises
subsystems that
must remain balance
for optimal
functioning. Any
actual/ potential
threat to this system
balance is a nursing
concern.

➔ MARTHA ROGERS - Roger’s

Theory of Unitary Human Beings
◆ MAJOR CONCEPTS:
● The purpose of
Nursing is to move
the client toward
optimal health; The
nurse should view
➔ IMOGENE KING - Goal Attainment
Theory
◆ MAJOR CONCEPTS:
● Nursing is a process
of action, reaction,
interaction &
transaction; needs
are identified based
on the client's social
system, perceptions,
& health; the role of
the nurse is to help
the client achieve
goal attainment.
➔ HILDEGARD PEPLAU -
Interpersonal Relationship Theory
◆ MAJOR CONCEPTS:
● The promotion of
health is viewed as
the forward
movement of the
personality; this is
accomplished
through an
interpersonal
process that
➔ MADELEINE LEININGER -
includes orientation,
Transcultural Nursing Theory
identification,
◆ MAJOR CONCEPTS:
exploitation &
● The essence of
resolution.
nursing is care. To
provide
transcultural care,
the nurse focuses on
the study and
analysis of different
cultures with respect
to caring behavior.
➔ SISTER CALLISTA ROY - strong maternal
Adaptation Model identity. This helps
◆ MAJOR CONCEPTS: in the building of the
● The role of the nurse mother- child
is to aid clients to relationship as the
adapt to the change infant grows.
caused by illness;
levels of adaptation
depend on the
degree of
environmental
change & state of
coping ability; full
adaptation includes
physiologic
interdependence.

WHO’S 17 SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT GOALS

MISSION: ‘ A blueprint to achieve a better

and more sustainable future for all people
and the world by 2030.’

GOAL 1: NO POVERTY
- SDG 1: End poverty in all its forms
everywhere.

➔ RAMONA MERCER - Maternal

GOAL 2: ZERO/ NO HUNGER
Role Attainment
- SDG 2: End unger, achieve food
◆ MAJOR CONCEPTS:
security and improved nutrition
● It provides
and promote sustainable
appropriate health
agriculture.
care interventions
for nontraditional
GOAL 3: GOOD HEALTH & WELL BEING
mothers in order for
- SDG 3: Ensure healthy lives &
them to develop a
promote well being at all ages.
GOAL 4: QUALITY EDUCATION
- SDG 4: Ensure inclusive and
equitable quality education and
promote lifelong learning
opportunities for all.

GOAL 5: GENDER EQUALITY

- SDG 5: Achieve gender equality &
empower all women.

GOAL 6: CLEAN WATER & SANITATION

- SDG 6: Ensure availability and
sustainable management of water
& sanitation for all.

GOAL 7: AFFORDABLE & CLEAN

ENERGY
- SDG 7: Ensure access to affordable,
reliable, sustainable & modern
energy for all.

GOAL 8: DECENT WORK & ECONOMIC

GROWTH
- SDG 8: Promote sustained,
inclusive and sustainable economic
growth, full & productive
employment and decent work for
all.

GOAL 9: INDUSTRY, INNOVATION &

INFRASTRUCTURE
- SDG 9: Build resilient
infrastructure, promote inclusive
and sustainable industrialization &
foster innovation.

GOAL 10: REDUCED INEQUALITY

- SDG 10: Reduce income inequality
within and among countries.
 accountable and inclusive
GOAL 11: SUSTAINABLE CITIES & institutions at all levels.
COMMUNITIES
- SDG 11: Make cities and human GOAL 17: PARTNERSHIP FOR THE
settlements inclusive, safe, GOALS
resilient, & sustainable. - SDG 17: Strengthen the means of
implementation and revitalize the
GOAL 12: RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION global partnership for sustainable
& PRODUCTION development.
- SDG 12: Ensure sustainable
consumption & product patterns.
FEMALE & MALE REPRODUCTIVE
GOAL 13: CLIMATE ACTION SYSTEM
- SDG 13: Take urgent action to
combat climate change & its
impacts by regulating emissions
and promoting developments in
renewable energy.

GOAL 14: LIFE BELOW WATER

- SDG 14: Conserve and sustainably
use the oceans, seas and marine
resources for sustainable
development.

GOAL 15: LIFE ON LAND

- SDG 15: Protect, restore, and
promote sustainable use of
terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably
manage forests, combat
desertification, and halt and
reverse land degradation and halt
biodiversity loss.

GOAL 16: PEACE, JUSTICE & STRONG

INSTITUTIONS
- SDG 16: Promote peaceful and
inclusive societies for sustainable
development, provide access to
justice for all and build effective
GRAVIDA PARA (GP)
GRAVIDA - (FULL) TERM -
PARA/PREMATURE -
ABORTION/MISCARRIAGE- LIVE BIRTH -
MULTIPLE BIRTHS
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