12

PHILOSOPHY
Quarter 1
Lesson 7

CapSLET
Capsulized Self-Learning

Empowerment Toolkit

Schools Division Office of Zamboanga City

Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
Zamboanga City

NOT FOR SALE

For Zamboanga City Division Use Only

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GRISELDA M. EGIL, T-II

DPLMHS SASHS
 1

Subject/Grade PHILO.12 QUARTER 1 WEEK 3 DAY 1

dd/mm/yyyy

CODE PPT11/12-Id-3.1
LEARNING Recognize how the human body imposes limits and possibilities
COMPETENCY for transcendence
IMPORTANT: Do not write anything on this material. Write your answers on the
Learner’s Activity and Assessment Sheets provided separately.

UNDERSTAND
OBJECTIVE/S:1. That the learners will be able to recognize how the human body
imposes limits and possibilities for transcendence
TOPIC TITLE: Human Body Imposes Limits And Possibilities For Transcendence

LESSON PROPER:

HUMAN PERSON AS
EMBODIED SPIRIT

1) Many things related to one’s existence are related to bodies: age, sex/gender,
race, relationship

2) Transcendence - often refers to an experience with the divine or God,

which is conceived as absolute, eternal, and infinite.

3) Embodiment - refers to our biological and physical presence of our bodies,

which are a necessary condition before it happened, based on emotion,
language, thought and social interaction

4) “embodied spirit” mean that the body is not separated from the soul, just as
the soul is not separated from the body.

Different beliefs :
◼ Hinduism is one of the oldest Eastern traditions practiced by hundreds of
millions of people for about 5,000 years. At the heart of Hinduism lies the idea
of human beings' quest for absolute truth, so that one's soul and the Brahman
or Atman (Absolute Soul) might become one.

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GRISELDA M. EGIL, T-II

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 2

Human beings possess dual nature:

◼ The spiritual and immortal essence (soul)
◼ Empirical life and character
◼ The Aum

❖ Humanity's basic goal in life is the liberation (moksha) of spirit (jiva).

❖ Moksha -It is the transcendent state attained as a result of being released from
the cycle of rebirth.
❖ Karma (कर्म)-It refers to intentional actions that affect one's fortunes in this lifeand
the next.
❖ Transmigration/Metempsychosis - Hindus believe the Atman repeatedly
takes on a body until Moksha.
The human person as an embodied spirit, means that the human person is the
meeting point between the body and soul. It is important to understand the relevance
because aside from
the fact that it enables us to know the potentialities and limitations, it also exposes us
to a deeper understanding of ourselves as a unique creature united by body and soul.

Hinduism's Primary Values

 Wealth
 Pleasure
 Duty
 Enlightenment
❖ Nirvana - The highest state that someone can attain, a state of enlightenment,
meaning a person's individual desires and suffering go away.

2.

He turned away from Hinduism to seek for answers to the riddle of life's sufferings,
disease, old age, and death.

Four Noble Truths

1. Life is full of suffering.
2. Suffering is caused by passionate desires, lusts, cravings.
3. Only as these are obliterated, will suffering cease.
4. Such eradication of desire may be accomplished only by following the
Eightfold Path of earnest endeavor:

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GRISELDA M. EGIL, T-II

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➢ Right belief in and acceptance of the "Fourfold Truth”.

◼ It is the root of the universe and everything that exists, and it continues to hold
everything together.
◼ Right aspiration for one's self and for others;
◼ Right speech that harms no one;
◼ Right conduct, motivated by goodwill toward all human beings;
◼ Right means of livelihood, or earning one's living by honorable means;
◼ Right endeavor, or effort to direct one's energies toward wise ends;
◼ Right mindfulness in choosing topics for thought; and
◼ Right meditation, or concentration to the point of complete absorption in mystic
ecstasy.
➢ If a person has led a good life, the soul goes upward the scale. The soul of an evil
person, on the other hand, may pass into the body of an animal.
➢ Axioms (a statement regarded as accepted)
◼ Cease to do evil
◼ Learn to do good
◼ Purify your own mind
➢ States of Sublime (grandeur/beauty) Condition
◼ Love
◼ Sorrow of others
◼ Joy in the joy of others
◼ Equanimity (mental calmness) as regards one's own joy and sorrows.
❖ In the state of Nirvana, the effects of Karma can be overcame; the Cycle of
Rebirth is broken; and one may rest in the calm assurance of having attained a
heavenly bliss that will stretch into all eternity.

3.Christianity- "Faith is to believe what you do not see; the reward of this
faith is to see what you believe" - Saint Augustine
◼ Proving the existence of God is as pointless as probing the existence of air.
◼ The reality of God is unquestioned in the New Testament due to the conviction
that in Jesus of Nazareth the eternal God became flesh and dwelt among
human beings.
God's Plan of Salvation
◼ Humans were created by God and in the image of God.
◼ All people have sinned .Death came into the world through Adam's sin
◼ Sin separates us from God.Jesus Christ died for the sins of each and every
person in the world.
◼ The death of Jesus Christ was a substitutionary sacrifice. He died and paid the
price for our sins so that we might live forever with him.
◼ Jesus Christ resurrected from the dead in physical form.
◼ Salvation is a free gift of God.
◼ Believers are saved by grace; Salvation cannot be earned by human efforts or
good works.
◼ Those who accept Jesus Christ will live for eternity with him after they die.

Recognize the Human Body Imposes Limits and Possibilities for

Transcendence
A. Hinduism: Reincarnation and Karma
 Essential Hinduism is based on the belief in karma and has its first literary
expression in Upanishads. Everything in this life, say the Hindus, is a

“Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto juntopuede!”

GRISELDA M. EGIL, T-II

DPLMHS SASHS
 4

consequence of actions performed in previous existence. Only by building up a

fine record, or "karma", can final salvation be attained.

B. Buddhism: Nirvana
 Nirvana means the state in which one is absolutely free from all forms of
bondage and attachment. It means to overcome and remove the cause of
suffering. It is also the state or perfect insight into the nature of existence. The
Buddhists see one who has attained nirvana as one who is unencumbered from
all the fetters that bind a human being to existence.
C. St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas: Will and Love
For St. Augustine, physically we are free, yet morally bound to obey the law. The
Eternal law is God Himself. According to this law, humanity must do well and avoid
evil, hence, the existence of moral obligation in every human being.

How the Human Person Imposes Limits and Possibilities for

Transcendence
◼ The Concept of Dread - Man is simply into the world and is left alone to face what
he can do because he did not will for it.
◼ The Concept of being - Others -related - He has to establish relationship with
others in the world.
◼ The Concept of concern - Human’s person relatedness to entire is basically
things which he encounters in the world. He is always “together” with others.
◼ The Concept of guilt-Feeling- In Philosophy guilt feeling is something that is
lacking or missing in a person. As such, human person is a guilt creator.
◼ The Concept of conscience -it plays a primary role in recovering from being “last
or fallen’ in the world.
◼ The Concept of Resoluteness- is a man’s readiness to be called conscience.
◼ The Concept of Temporality - imposes limits to one’s human body
Through prayer, modesty, fasting, and other sound measures that the Church
recommends, or God provides, can purify heart, mind, and body be maintained in
daily live.
◼ The Concept of death - the Human person’s temporal existence will find it’s end
on death.

Evaluate Our Limitations and Possibilities for their Transcendence

A. Forgiveness - When we forgive, we feel free, liberated such as, freed from our
anger and bitterness. On the other hand, when we do not forgive, we don’t feel at
peace with our self and others.
B. The Beauty of Nature - There is beauty in every single creature; all the three
philosophies believe in this idea. Every experience of beauty is a moment of grace.
They touch us deeply and the human heart is spontaneously lifted.
C. Vulnerability- “No man is an island” a popular line that tells us no one in this world
can live with others. Our existence depends on others can sometimes be frightening.
We have to acknowledge that we need the help of other people.
D. Failure- Most of us find difficulty in accepting failures, because it forces us to
confront our weaknesses and limitations. Accepting one’s failures brings hope and
trust that will result into goodness. Even if we have sinned, as Augustine had, there is
hope and forgiveness.

“Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto juntopuede!”

GRISELDA M. EGIL, T-II

DPLMHS SASHS
 5

E. Loneliness- Vulnerability and fear of death can be source of loneliness, which is a

common experience for everyone. However, it is our choice to live in a complicated
world where we can be "happy" or accept a life where solitude and companionship
have a part. Our dependence on other people or gadgets can free us from such
loneliness.
F. Love -To love is to experience richness, positivity, and transcendence. Whether in
times of ecstatic moments or struggles, the love for a friend, between family members
or a significant person, can open in us something in the other which takes us beyond
ourselves. Life is full of risks, fears and commitment, pain and sacrificing and giving
up things we want for the sake of the one we love. In Buddhist view, the more we
love, the more risks and fears there are in life, while in Christianity, to love is to give
oneself for others.

LEARNING INSIGHT 1: Choose one from the limitations and

possibilities and relate it to your life.(To be written on the answer sheet for the activity
and assessment)

LEARNING INSIGHT 2: How do you show love for your family, friends
and others and the people in need?(To be written on the answer sheet for the activity
and assessment)

LET’S PRACTICE!

(Answer on the Answer Sheet provided for Activity and Assessment.)

1) Hinduism teaches on karma. What is Karma? Explain.

2) According to Buddhism” suffering is inherent in life and that one can escape it
into Nirvana by mental and moral self-purification, what is your opinion on this
teaching?
3) In Christianity how is transcendence being experienced?

REMEMBER
KEY POINTS/ CONCEPT

 The human person as an embodied spirit refers to as the meeting point

between the body and soul. It is important to understand the relevance,
because aside from the fact that it enables us to know the potentialities and
limitations, it also exposes us to a deeper understanding of ourselves as a
unique creature united by body and soul.
 The three religions have different emphasis when it comes to their core
teaching, for Hinduism, humanity's basic goal in life is the liberation, Buddhism
gives emphasis on the Eightfold path, while Christianity emphasizes on will
and love.
 As humans there are limitations and possibilities for transcendence, hence, be
conscious and aware what the teachings imposed by the individual
philosophy.

“Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto juntopuede!”

GRISELDA M. EGIL, T-II

DPLMHS SASHS
 6

LET’S TRY
Let us see how much you have learned today!
Directions: Read each item carefully and write the letter of the best possible answer
on the answer sheet.(Answer on the Learner’s Activity and Assessment sheets.)

1. What is the emphasis of St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas?

a) Eightfold path b) Fourfold truth
c) Will and Love d) Will and path

2. It means the state in which one is absolutely free from all forms of bondage
and attachment.
a) Nirvana b) Heaven
c) Karma d) Hell
3. It refers to the physical presence of our bodies, which is a necessary
condition for a human person.
a) Love b) Loneliness
c) Forgiveness d) Embodiment
4. According to Hinduism a person has led a good life, the soul _,
while the soul of an evil person, on the other hand, may pass into the body of
an animal.
a) Hell b) goes upward the scale
c) Heaven d) Nirvana
5. One of the limitations and weaknesses of men that is difficult to accept.
a) Love b) Loneliness
c) Forgiveness d) Failure
6. Right belief in and acceptance of the "Fourfold Truth"; this is one of the
_.
a) Embodiment b) Moksha
c) Eightfold path d) Noble truths
7. Which is not one of the States of Sublime Condition?
a) Love b) Joy in the joy of others
c) Sorrow of others d) Forgiveness
8. For Christianity "Faith is to believe what you do not see; the reward of this
faith is to see what you believe."
a) Saint Augustine b) Saint Thomas
Aquinas
c) Buddhism d) Hinduism
9. It refers to intentional actions that affect one's fortunes in this life and the
next.
a) Hell b) Loneliness
c) Karma d) Forgiveness
10. Life is full of risks, fears, pain and commitment, but this can be overcome by
.
a) Love b) Sorrow for others
c) Failure d) Belief

Part II - Essay
1. Have you ever been hurt? Why and how did you overcome that hurt?
2.To do what is right or just is pleasing to God and others. Give five (5) examples
of doing “right or just” actions

“Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto juntopuede!”

GRISELDA M. EGIL, T-II

DPLMHS SASHS
 7

Christine Carmela R. Ramos, PhD., Introduction to the

Philosophy of the Human person, Manila, Philippines:
Rex Book Store, 1977,37-39

“Human person as Embodied Spirit” December 1, 2018,

Phttps://philonotes.com/index.php/2018/12/01/the-
REFERENCES human-person-as-an-embodied-spirit/

“How the Human Person Body Imposes Limits and

Possibilities for Transcendence”, By a24209aef803644df ,
Updated: March 16, 2018,
https://www.slideshare.net/kazekage15/the-human-person-
as-an-embodied-spirit-limitations-and-transcendence

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“Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto juntopuede!”

GRISELDA M. EGIL, T-II

DPLMHS SASHS
 8

12
PHILOSOPHY
QUARTER 1
Lesson 7

CapSLET
Learner’s Activity
and Assessment
Sheets
Schools Division Office of Zamboanga City
Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
Zamboanga City

NOT FOR SALE

For Zamboanga City Division Use Only

“Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto juntopuede!”

GRISELDA M. EGIL, T-II

DPLMHS SASHS
 9

GRADE/
NAME SECTION

SUBJECT PHILO.12 QUARTER 1 WEEK 3 DAY

Date

Human Body Imposes Limits And Possibilities For

TOPIC TITLE
Transcendence
LEARNING Recognize how the human body imposes limits and possibilities for
COMPETENCY transcendence(LC- 3.1)

UNDERSTAND
Topic Title: Human Body Imposes Limits And Possibilities For Transcendence

Learning Insight 1: Choose one from the limitations and possibilities and
relate it to your life.

Learning Insight 2: How do you show love for your family, friends and other
people in need?

Let’s Practice!

Explain the core teaching of each religion:

1. Hinduism teaches on karma? What is Karma?

_.

“Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto juntopuede!”

GRISELDA M. EGIL, T-II

DPLMHS SASHS
 10

2. According to Buddhism” suffering is inherent in life and that one can escape it into
Nirvana by mental and moral self-purification, what is your opinion on this teaching?

3. In Christianity how is transcendence being experienced?

LET’S TRY
Let’s see how much have you learned today! :
Multiple Choice:
1. _ 6.
2. _ 7.
3. _ 8.
4. _ 9.
5. _ 10.

Part II - Essay
1. Have you ever been hurt? Why and how did you overcome that feeling?

2. To do what is right or just is pleasing to God and others. Give five (5) examples of
doing “right” actions.

“Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto juntopuede!”

GRISELDA M. EGIL, T-II

DPLMHS SASHS
 11

“Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto juntopuede!”

GRISELDA M. EGIL, T-II

DPLMHS SASHS