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Wolf Lepenies - Between Literature and Science - The Rise of Sociology-University of Cambridge (1988)

entre literatura e ciência - o nascimento da sociologia...?

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171 views199 pages

Wolf Lepenies - Between Literature and Science - The Rise of Sociology-University of Cambridge (1988)

entre literatura e ciência - o nascimento da sociologia...?

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Agenor Manoel
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IDEAS IN CONTEXT ted by Richard Roy, JB Schncenind, Quentla Skies, nd Wit Lepenes, “The boots this eis willdinco the emergence of lect ations Tndof sated new dieipince The procedures, stand vcabulaies that weckenerel hese ne comtent of thesenativer valle thin Uicebntenporary fmeworks of ear and insttation, Thovgh detaled Malic ofthe eration of uch tons and chet odason by di wee aahetce tshoped hataney petri formathedevelopnent Srikanth eonerete coments By this means afc dioctions Some the Hey of phony. ofthe various selene, of sce and and of ete maybe see to sale “Tishook spl pat of he join publhing agreement exablihed Tibsheewcen the Fondation de Maton des Sciences de Homme ab ‘he Pree ine of the Univcrty of Cambie Tie published under {Dc reengement may appr any Euopean lnguape nthe ase of lumen collec saya im several langunge "New Soohs wil apres cers india! eso none of dhe sexes snc de Maso de Sienes de FHomme sd the Cambridge Usivesiy Press have fay agreed to pal A Books publ iy by Iason des Scents de FHomme ad the Cambenge Univer Pres be dite bythe Pres ebrghout the werk Ccerouvage st publi le cde deacon deco etion pasion 977 ‘tu la Fondation de sano ds Selenes de tre ere Bre Syd neue TUnlerete de Cambridge Toutes les langue eropéenne on Sass, pour es tues eowerte par cot accord et les ouwage oct ven parte en pseu langues “cy ourages parame soiree sot ans Fue de es ue Ik auson des Scenes de Homme et Cambridge Unnesty Press on on. ‘ede publertosemble Ls dsbuton das emote ener des es “inst public conjencment pa ine deus tablsserents et amu at ‘Cine Unieraty Press 2 — BETWEEN LITERATURE AND SCIENCE: THE RISE OF SOCIOLOGY 6 WOLF LEPENIES TRANSLATED BY RJ, HOLLINGDALE 8 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY Parse Stu of Publis y the Pen yn ofthe sii of Cartige Of "ikea Bulge Trompingon Se, Cambrai CHE IRF bat nine Re vt SY Yaa US. IFO wtf oth Gui te 368, eral “i Eli eee as ca de ign Si Bcd Rag 2 as Goes iginally pub on German a Di Dr Ker Why Gat Hamer Verlag 1983 and © Gar Hamer Verlag MUncben Wen Fit pled in nah by Bone de aon des Sciences 2 Flomene and Canbge Univerty res 908 a Baten “ia and Se The Rs of Si glsh raat © Mason det Sens de Home and (Ganbrdge Univesity Pre 988, Reprinted 1982 Pri ince in abition dats Lepenies, Wal Becween Heatne apd inc: he ‘ie fog. eas in ote) 1 Tal A See I Die Det "Ruan Eng Sor Het ery of ogres ctlaing x ait date Lepenis, Walt [Dre tren: Bog Dew ean ee ay Wa ‘Uap ara gd ‘em-fldeas in conten. ‘Teanlation of i rei Karen, ‘grap. Incline ISBN 0 521-on527 TSBN 0-321 3301027 (paperback) 1 irs and ety 2 Seley. LTT Sei, PRL L009 108 ny g9Ssbel9 #223865 C1? SBN 0521 309527 hardback ISHN 0 521 39107 paperback ISBN 2 7351 122h 9 hard Prac ony) ISHN 2 7251 (2300 paperback France ony) i CONTENTS: Ackavwlodgomets Introduction 1 FRANCE ‘The transformations of Auguste Comte: science and Iieeatre in easy posktvism Apsthon and others itertureand sociology in Franceat the eucn of the century 1 ENGLAND Facts and culture ofthe feelings: John Stunt Mill ‘The unwritten novel Beatrice Webb ‘The utopian novel asa substitute for sociology: H. G. Well Concealed sociology: English literary exits ia the nineteenth and twentieth centuries 111 GERMANY 7 Prologue artisan and poet to: W. H. Riehl 1 Hostility o slence and faith In poetry as German eclony 9. A German speciality: poetry and literature in opposition 10 Disciplines in competition: vocilogy and history 11 Remoteness from society and hostility towards sock ‘ology In Stefan George's circle 12 Suelan George, Georg Simmel, Max Weber 15 Weberian motifs in the work of Thomas Mana, 14 The German spirtin peril ER. Curtus Kat Mannheim tnd T. 8 Eliot us 135 199 20s zo a 28 29 237 us 45 Epilogue: sociology in National Socalit Germany and afterwards Bibiogepsy Inder aM 330 sr ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS wrote pars of this book withthe aid ofasubvention from the Feltz ‘Thyssen Suftang (Koln) while I was with the School of Socal Science ofthe Institute for Advanced Study a Princeton, NJ and the Maison des Sciences de THomme in Paris I finished i atthe Wissenschatskolleg eu Berlin INTRODUCTION In this book I describe the contention between wo groups of| Incllectuals on one hand the men of letters re the wiitets and ‘tities om the other the social cients, abore all the sacilogists From the mide ofthe nineteenth century onwards iterature and sociology contested with one another the claim to offer the key ‘rentation or modern ciation an to constitute the guide to ing appropriate to industel society. This contention played » tgif ‘ant role inthe public ie sty of France and England then also of Germany: its consequences are stl vibe today. This competing discloses «dilemma which determined not only how sociology originated but also how then went ta develop it havoscllated berween Scientific orientation whic has edit ope the natural slencesandabermencuticatttude whickharshifted the Aiseipline towards the realm ofliteratre, The contention between literary intelligentsia and an intelligentsia devoted to the socal sciences was thus an aspect of a complex process in the course of ‘hich scientfe modes of procedure became differentiated ftom literary modes. and this divorce was accentuated ideologically ‘hough the confrontation of cold rationality and the culture of the feclings~oneof thoseantiheses which marked the conflict between ‘he Enlightenment and the counter Enlightenment ‘The sciences of the eighteenth century were ich n creation myths From Linnaeus, who was only too glad to heat himself compaced ‘vith Adam, and Montesquieu, who described the Eide a Pre ‘hse mat cretan to Butfon, Winckelmann and Lavoisier, there ‘uns through every discipline along succession of men who asserted they had created ently on theirown account something novel that ‘would stand the test of tine. Breach with continulty and the founds {ng of new continuities belong intimately together inthis epoch of| the evolution of science: most scien Investigators sew theme selves as giants standing on the shoulders of dase sather than the ‘everse,Excesiveambiton, in many carers foolhardy exaggeration ofthe goals to be achieved, anda aeed for continual commentary fm one's own activites were not eccentricities but sn everyany Inattes inthe realm of science ‘The day of the amateur was over and the contours of clearly circumscribed domains of research each Benton sll sufficiency, ‘were gradually growing visible, even ifone can hardly speak yet of profesionalism or specalation ‘The scientist had long. since eis to be a mere virtuoso whote objectives included the pro, vision of amusement yet the conviction sill egned that sleace sas calling and confession rather thin «profesional ception, Many regarded the process of discovery ss « purely tndiideal, indeed solitary act the word atound him was ar rule only adie turbance tothe Individual in is acquisition of knowledge Societies devoted to science inreased in number, but faith in a Knowledge, Promoting ‘scientific community” was at yet fecbly developed Within many disciplines cals founded oa liendships oreven pon tnmities constituted the emotional equlvlent af communiier Instrumental tothe advancement of science, At the end ofthe eighteenth century a sharp division between the ‘modes of production of literary and af seietific works wae not yet Postible, The carer of Buffon offersan example of how tileres Uation between them accutted and then accelerated, In the eighteenth century Ballon’ Hise Nature was abe seller when the fist volumes appeared in 1749 they were old out within «few weeks further printings followed n the se yea, and in the end tere were no fewer than 250 popular editions of the Hire Naurlein France Buln was a grand signer of science and as such typical of the clghteenth century an entrepreneur wio knew well ow fo capital ‘om his scientific abilities a master of nguage, even only of his ‘own atonce aman ofthe word anda local hero who had no hed to wave abroad =the ages lines of communication converged spon ‘him as though asa matter of couse lewasasa syst that Buffon gained his ceputation not everyone liked what he ad but almost everyone was impeesed by the way ia hich he sid it. This too was how posterity remembered hias Flaubert noted in his Dictionaries rae what the cultivated etson was expected say when Buffon was mentioned Mato sor Inenhte pourri “Tose in this nothing but foible ofan age ong pat woud be a ‘mistake, for Buffonsattirude was more than the whim of ececs Introdeton 2 ‘wie the Count represented aot 2 unique case but a type; he tmbodied a tole which the society of his time did not metely ecognize but valued and remrded very highly. ‘When, after prolonged pressure from Louis XV, Buffon was in 1733 elected tothe Academie Francaise, he spoke onthe subject of style. The fact surprised no one fewas considered quite natal hat «Scents should also tegaed himself ar an autho, 4 someone, thet is who paid heed aot only to what he said but slo tothe way tn which he sald ad who wished not only tonstruct his pubic but slso to entertain them ar he did so, Bulfon's address was ecounted fone of the finest ever delivered before the Academie - even Baudelace was impressed by fe “Towards the endof the century however, that which had formerly procured celebrity for Buffon had fatal consequences for hime he ts the lst scholat whose reputation was founded on hi alent for presentation andthe fist to love his reputation because he had

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