Midterm Examination

ED501( Foundation of Modern Education)

1. Choose 5 educational philosophy and make a matrix to compare and contrast these philosophies on the basis of
a. Main tenant
b. Proponents
c. View of learning
d. Characteristics of learners
e. Application in the classroom

PERRENNIALISM IDEALISM REALISM NATURALISM ESSENTIALISM

Main Tenent Believe that the focus of Is the metaphysical Realists firmly A theory that relates View that objects
education should be the view that believe that scientific method to have a set of
ideas that have lasted over associates reality knowledge philosophy by attributes that are
centuries. to ideas in the acquired through affirming that all necessary to their
mind rather than to senses is real in beings and events in identity.
material objects. nature and the only the universe(whatever View that some
true entity in this their inherent character properties of
world. may be)are natural. objects are essential
to them.
Proponent Mortimer Adler Plato Aristotle Spencer & Mc Dougall William C. Bagley
Robert Hutchins Immanuel Kant & Darwin, Lamarck,
Rousseau,
Percy Nunn
View of Learning To ensure that the pupils Emphasizes the We should study Naturalists advocate Asserts that
acquire knowledge of these inculcation of logic, that one of the most learning properly
unchanging principles or highest values critical thinking, important methods of involves the basic
great ideas. namely, Truth, and the scientific education for skills, arts, and
Beauty method to teach imparting scientific sciences that have
And Goodness. learners to knowledge is through been useful in the
Promotes perceive and observation and past and are likely
Universal understand reality. experimentation. to remain useful in
 Education the future.
Characteristics of Learners to think rationally “I think, therefore I Realism calls self- Joyous, Rational, Well-discipline
Learners and develop minds that can am,”. Learners are discipline learners, Balanced, Useful and learners, respectful,
think critically rational, thinking with affection and Mature Person Consideration for
beings who are sympathy, others, practicality,
capable of seeking experimental, Perseverance,
and understanding practical , keen fidelity to duty.
the truth. observer, and
develop scientific
reasoning.
Application in the The teacher will To teach the Discourages rote The learner is expected “Back to the basic”
Classroom focus on the learners in way learning and to learn directly from Teacher as should
importance of that they can bookish nature through serve as an
reading and will understand what knowledge and personal experiences intellectual and
often use the you are teaching prefers hands-on “LEARNING BY moral role model
underlying reading by using a simple experience for the DOING” for the learners.
lessons to make a examples and most purpose of OBSERVATION
moral point. especially a simple learning.It gives AND
Teachers use application importance on EXPERIMENTATION
history,religion,literature,and to lead them in field trips which
the laws of science to broad application facilitates learners
reinforce universal ideas that in life ,in there to correlate
have the potential to solve they can reflect classroom learning
any problem in any era. their future. with reality.

2. What is your personal educational philosophy and why?

Teachers are mentors and play an active role in inculcating independent thinking on his/her pupils.
However, to do that as a teacher, you must have a teaching philosophy of your own. Pupils always look up to
their teacher and therefore, it becomes necessary for you to have thoughts to inspire them. Teaching
philosophy has been defined as the map, which provides directions to move ahead. One may feel lost
without a map. In the same way, you are going to be missed while teaching if a specific path is not decided.
 My educational philosophy is that I believe all children are capable of learning. They all do not learn
at the same rate, but with different methods and strategies it is possible. Pupils should not be thought of as
mindless individuals just waiting to be filled with knowledge by their teachers. Quite the opposite; pupils
should be viewed as individuals who can contribute to the classroom, sharing and gaining knowledge from
each other. Pupils need guidance and not just lecture only. An education is not solely academic; the teacher
must also educate her pupils mentally by teaching them the skills needed to solve problems and socially by
teaching them the skills needed to communicate and work productively with others. Pupils must be able to
function in the real world which not only requires academic knowledge but social skills as well. I believe
teachers should not be alone in educating their children but that parents, families and communities need to
work together to support and enrich the lives of their children, who are the future leaders of our country.
3. What is the importance of learning these educational philosophies?
Philosophy is a study that seeks to understand the mysteries of existence and reality. It tries to discover the
nature of truth and knowledge and to find  what is of basic value and importance in life especially for us teachers.
. It also examines the relationships between humanity and nature and between the individual and society.
For teachers philosophy of education is important because it teaches us to love our pupils and how to behave
we as teachers. When you talk about today's trend, I understand but the teacher should be a teacher no matter how
the generation is changing as viewed by the Perennialist, Idealist and Essentialist.
Learning the different educational philosophies, enables us to acquire a grasp of the conceptual field of
education and an ability to find our way around the often-contested views within that field, which in turn impinge
upon the normative structure of particular education systems. Second, it enables us to understand better the
conceptual debates that involve the subjects that we are teaching. Third it enables us to understand the scope and
limits of research in education and the relationships between that research and conceptual issues in education. 
By learning educational philosophies, we would be able to view and analyze from the perspective of our
pupils. Apart from understanding why pupils are behaving in a particular way, we would also be able to know how
pupils perceive their actions. This helps us adapt better teaching strategies and guidance, eventually resulting in
improved results. Best of all, we would be able to analyze our actions and understand the positives and negatives of
our methods.
Just as if it helps our pupils, it helps us, as well. In other words, the educational curriculum consisting of
philosophy contributes to discovering the mind of the learners, thus aid us in offering experiences and
opportunities for cultivating our potential abilities.

Prepared by:
GLORIA MAE S. SAÑOL
MSIE