COMPETENCY - BASED LEARNING

MATERIAL

Sector: CONSTRUCTION SECTOR

Qualification Title: Carpentry NC II

Unit of Competency: Prepare / Stake-out Building Lines

Module Title: Preparing stake-out Building Lines

Valenzuela City Polytechnic College

INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-1

TYPES OF PROTECTIVE GEARS FOR BUILDING FRAME WORKS

Learning Objectives: After reading this information sheet, you must able to:

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1. Identify the importance of protective gears for building frame works
2. Identify the different types of protective gears for building frame works

Personal protective equipment, or "PPE," is clothing worn to reduce exposure to

risks that might result in significant occupational injuries or illnesses. Chemical,
radiological, physical, electrical, mechanical, and other job dangers may cause these
injuries and diseases. Gloves, safety glasses, and shoes, earplugs or muffs, hard
helmets, respirators, or coveralls, vests, and full body suits are examples of personal
protection equipment.

Personal protective equipment should be developed and constructed in a safe

manner, and it should be kept clean and dependable. It should be comfortable for
workers to utilize. It can mean the difference between being safely covered and
being dangerously exposed if personal protective equipment does not fit properly.
Employers must supply personal protective equipment to their workers and ensure
that it is used properly when engineering, work practice, and administrative controls
are not practicable or provide adequate protection. Employers must additionally
instruct each employee who is required to utilize personal protective equipment on
the following topics:

 When it is very required

 What sort is required?
 How to put it on, adjust it, wear it, and take it off properly
 The equipment's restrictions
 Maintenance, proper care, a long usable life, and disposal of the equipment

Types of PPE for building frame works

Eye protection

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The employer shall ensure that each affected employee uses appropriate eye or face
protection when exposed to eye or face hazards from flying particles, molten metal,
liquid chemicals, acids or caustic liquids, chemical gases or vapors, or potentially
injurious light radiation.

Hard hat
Hard hats provide impact protection from objects hitting the top of your head. Hard
hats provide protection from top and lateral impacts. You are protected from objects
hitting the top of your head and from the side, or off centre.

Protective shoes

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Footwear is a significant part of protection for workers that requires several
components to make it as effective as possible. Footwear is the foundation of any
safety and protection program.

Protective gloves
Gloves are a type of personal protective equipment. Other types of PPE are gowns,
masks, shoes and head covers. Gloves create a barrier between germs and your
hands. Wearing gloves in the hospital helps prevent the spread of germs.

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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-2

TYPES OF HAND TOOLS EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

Claw Hammer
A claw hammer is a type of hammer used mainly for pounding nails into, or
extracting nails from, wood. Claw hammers usually weigh in the range 16 to 25
ounces. The head is made of steel and the handle of wood, fiberglass, or steel. One
side of the head is flat with either a smooth or textured surface and is used for
pounding another surface. The rounded end of the claw, in conjunction with the
handle, is used to gain leverage when pulling out a nail.

Pencil / Marking pen

Are used by builders because they can mark on surfaces like concrete or stone. This
shape and lead density aid in marking legible lines with a straight edge that are clear
and easy to follow with a saw blade.

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Pull push rule

A push pull rule is a measuring tape that coils into a compact case. It is used for
measuring long, short, straight lengths.

Nylon String

Nylon is often used in rods, sheets, tubes, sheaves, wear pads, outrigger pads,
drapery hardware, roofing bolts, fixtures, plumbing fittings, window frame spacers,
and even safety nets. The chief benefits of using Nylon in the construction industry
are: Higher lifting capacity due to a reduced component weight.

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Steel square

Also known as a steel square, the Johnson framing square is a handy tool for
carpentry. Its uses extend into framing and laying rafters and stairs. It can also be
used as a straight-edge, finding and establishing right angles and marking cut-off
work on widestock.

Try square

A try square or try-square is a woodworking tool used for marking and checking 90°
angles on pieces of wood. Though woodworkers use many different types of square,
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the try square is considered one of the essential tools for woodworking. The square
in the name refers to the 90° angle. is a woodworking tool used for marking and
checking 90° angles on pieces of wood. Though woodworkers use many different
types of square, the try square is considered one of the essential tools for
woodworking.

Hand saws

There are hand saws for cutting wood, drywall, metal and plastic. Even though hand
saw uses vary and choosing the right saw for the job is important, the basic
technique for using a hand saw is the same. This guide teaches you how to use a
hand saw and offers tips on using the tool, including hand saw safety.

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Chalk Line

A chalk line is used to establish a straight line on a work piece. It is a quick, reliable
and inexpensive way of marking a perfectly straight line over a long distance or a
slightly uneven surface. In its simplest form, the Chalk Line consists of a string that
has been dampened and dipped in chalk powder.

INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-3

WHAT ARE THE JOB REQUIREMENTS FOR INSTALLING FRAME WORKS

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A Carpenter is a construction professional who works with construction crews to
build, adjust and repair wood frameworks in various construction projects. They work
with their hands, using tools to build and install frameworks.

Carpenter responsibilities include:

 Reading blueprints, drawings and sketches to fully grasp requirements

 Taking measurements and calculating the size and amount of material
needed
 Cutting, shaping and smoothing lumber and other material (e.g. fiberglass)
according to measurements.
 Read blueprints, drawings and sketches to fully grasp requirements
 Take measurements and calculate the size and amount of material needed
 Cut, shape and smooth lumber and other material (e.g. fiberglass) according
to measurements
 Build window frames, doors, staircases and frame buildings by using raw
materials or pre-constructed items
 Lay out floorings, roofings or drywalls ensuring they are leveled and
compatible
 Carve and assemble furniture, cabinets, shelves and other items and install
them where designated
 Inspect places and conduct repairs or maintenance
 Build scaffolding and other construction structures

Requirements and skills

 Proven experience as carpenter

 Hands-on experience in working with carpentry materials
 Excellent understanding of carpentry techniques and methods of installation
and construction
 Proficient in using electrical and manual equipment and measurement tools
(powered saws, hammers, rulers etc.)
 Ability to read technical documents and drawings
 Willingness to follow safety guidelines at all times
 Good knowledge of English
 Good understanding of basic math
 Good physical condition and endurance
 High school diploma; Successful completion of a carpentry apprenticeship
program is required

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 INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-4

WHAT ARE THE UNEXPECTED SITUATION IN WORKPLACE. AND

HOUSEKEEPING ACCORDING TO OHS

Many woodworkers have been injured due to accidents that have resulted from a slip
or trip. Common causes of these accidents are trailing cables, machine tools, wood
offcuts, wood dust, waste, liquids, waxes, polishes and slippery, uneven or damaged
flooring.

What are some health and safety issues for carpenters?

Carpenters face their own unique set of occupational hazards. These include the
following:

 Use of various machinery and tools.

 Exposure to loud noise from machinery and tools.
 Moulds, fungi and bacteria.
 Chemicals, solvents, paints, stains, and other materials which may result in
dermatitis, allergic reactions, or respiratory problems.
 Cancer risk from certain wood dusts.
 Flammable materials, including wood dust. Combustible dust may also be a
concern.
 Risk of pain or injury from working in awkward positions, performing repetitive
tasks, or lifting.
 Risk of cuts, abrasions, and other injuries from handling workpieces and using
tools or equipment.
 Risk of entanglement of body parts into rotating parts or machinery.
 Extreme temperatures when working outdoors.
 Risk of eye injury from flying particles.
 Working at heights.
 Stress.
 Shift work or extended work days.
 Working alone.

What are some preventive measures for carpenters?

 Inspect work area, tools, and equipment before work starts for possible
hazards.
 Select tools and equipment that allow work to be done using good ergonomic
procedures.. When there is a choice, select a tool of low weight.
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  Keep tools and equipment in good working order.
 Know when to replace accessories on woodworking machines.
 Clean up wood dust regularly and maintain good housekeeping practices.
 Keep work areas clear of clutter and equipment.
 Disconnect the power to any machine when you have to fix an issue or
change parts. Use lock-out/tag out procedures and/or maintain control of the
power while working on the machine to prevent accidental start-up.
 Never operate machinery without all guards in place.
 Wear appropriate eye protection, hearing protection, footwear, and other
protective equipment for the task.
 Know about the products you are working with, including type of wood,
chemicals, paints, stains, etc.
 Learn safe lifting techniques.
 Avoid awkward postures or repetitive tasks, or take frequent breaks.
 Be sure to stand in the correct position - always allow for kick back.
 Never use your hands to run lumber through the blade or to clean off sawdust.
Use a push stick and a brush.
 Do not wear loose clothing around rotating parts or machinery.
 Follow a recommended shift work pattern, and know the associated hazards.
 Install and maintain appropriate ventilation.

What are some good general safe work practices?

Work safely with all equipment:

 Woodworking machines
 Hand tools
 Powered hand tools
 Follow correct procedures for:
 Electrical safety
 Working at heights and fall protection
 Working with ladders
 Fire safety
 Use, maintain and store personal protective equipment as recommended by
the manufacturer.
 Follow safe lifting techniques.
 Follow company safety rules.

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 Know first aid procedures.
 Learn about chemical hazards, WHMIS and MSDSs.
 Know how to report a hazard.
 Follow good housekeeping procedure

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