IMMACULATE HEART OF MARY SCHOOL-

BULUSAN SORSOGON INC.

Dapdap, Bulusan, Sorsogon
S.Y. 2021 – 2022

Technology and
Livelihood Education

Information and Communication Technology

(Computer Hardware Servicing)
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 1

NAME: ____________________________________ ADDRESS: ____________________________

GRADE & SECTION: __________________________ DATE:____________________________

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TITLE:
Lesson 1 Using and Maintaining Hand Tools (UHT)

INTRODUCTION:
This module is intended to give you some understanding and will
help you familiarize the different tools and equipment used in
Computer System Servicing. This is also a guide for you on how to
use the different tools and equipment according to its function.

CONTENT STANDARDS
The learners demonstrate an understanding of the use of hand tools and
equipment for computer hardware servicing.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
The learners shall be able to use hand tools and equipment for computer
hardware servicing.

OBJECTIVES
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
a. Identify appropriate hand tools according to the task requirements
b. Classify hand tools and equipment according to their uses
c. Check appropriate hand tools for proper operation and safety
d. Use tools according to tasks undertaken

What do you already know?

PRETEST
Directions: Read the statements carefully then write TRUE if the statement is correct
and write FALSE if it is wrong.
_______1. Choosing the best tool for each task requires training in the proper use of the
tools.
_______2. When obtaining the tool, all the associated tooling and consumable parts, as
recommended by the manufacturer, must be included.
_______3. The safe use of a tool depends on using the tool for the purpose for which it
was designed.
_______4. All tools should be kept in good condition with regular maintenance.
_______5. Preparing for a task includes only knowing the task to be done.

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 _______6.Place parts or tools wherever you like.
_______7.Preparing for a task includes also the sequence of tasks to be done.
_______8.Everyone is allowed to eat or drink while working on a computer.
_______9.Always disconnect a computer from the AC power and any powered peripherals
while you are working on it.
_______10. Know and understand in detail the scope of your work to be accomplished.
_______11. Choosing the best tool for each task DO NOT require training in the proper
use of the tools.
_______12. A tool is a handheld device that aids in accomplishing a task.
_______13. Following the manufacturer’s guidance and instruction for that specific tool is
NOT necessary.
_______14. All tools are kept in good condition with regular maintenance.
_______15. Damaged or defective equipment/tools should be tagged and removed from
service.

LESSON 1

Using and Maintaining Hand Tools (UHT)

Proper Tool Selection

A tool is a handheld device that aids in accomplishing a task. Tools range from a
traditional metal cutting part of a machine to an element of a computer program that
activates and controls a particular function.

Safe Use of Tools

Once selected, use the tool for the purpose for which it was designed. Not all tools
come with detailed instructions, but some do spell out the safety “Do’s and Don’ts” for
your safety. If there are set-up/use options, operator judgment must always be based on
what is the safest way to use the tool.

Environmental Safety and Health Program requires the following:

1. All tools should be kept in good condition with regular maintenance.
2. The right tool should be used for the job.
3. Each tool should be examined before use and damaged or defective tools should
NOT to be used.
4. Tools should be operated according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
5. The right protective equipment for the tool and activity should be used.

CLASSIFICATION OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT ACCORDING TO FUNCTIONS

1. Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) Tools
Static electricity is produced when two objects that are not good electrical
conductors are rubbed or attracted together, causing sparks between them. To control
the discharge of static electricity, antistatic mats and wrist straps can be grounded. This

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 puts the body at the same voltage potential, thus eliminating any possible static
discharge and damage to the personal computer.

Anti-static wrist strap or ground bracelet – used to prevent

ESD damage to computer equipment. The strap is worn
on the wrist and the alligator clip is fastened to the bare
metal part of the case.

Anti-static mat – used to stand on or place hardware on to

prevent static electricity from building up. It is made of
an electrically resistive rubber or plastic material that
shows the rate of static energy discharge or maintains it
at zero. This eliminates the possibility of damaging the
computer.

2. Hand Tools
Hand Tools is a device for performing work on a material or a physical system
using hands only. The hand tools can be manually used by employing force, or
electrically powered, using an electrical current. Examples of Hand Tools:

Flat-head screwdriver – used to loosen or tighten slotted

screws.

Philips-head screwdriver – used to loosen or tighten

crosshead screws.

Torx screwdriver - used to loosen or tighten screws that

have a star-like depression on the top, a feature that is
mainly found on a laptop.

Hex driver – sometimes called a nut driver, is used to

tighten nuts in the same way that a screwdriver tightens
screws.

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 Needle-nose plier – used to hold small parts.

Wire cutter – used to strip and cut wires.

Tweezers – used to manipulate small parts.

Part retriever – used to retrieve parts from a location that

are too small for your hand to fit.

Flashlight – used to light up areas that you cannot see well.

3. Cleaning Tools
Having the appropriate cleaning tools is essential when maintaining or repairing
computers. Using these tools ensures that computer components are not damaged
during cleaning. Example:

Lint-free cloth – used to clean different computer

components without scratching or leaving debris.

Compressed air – used to blow away dust and debris from

different computer parts without touching the components.

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 Cable ties – used to bundle cables neatly inside and outside
of a computer.

Parts organizer – used to hold screw, jumpers, fasteners

and other small parts and prevents them from mixing
together.

4. Diagnostic Tools
Computers are easier to use and more dependable with each new generation of
hardware and operating system update, but that doesn't mean they're problem-free.
Here are the most popular tools for diagnosing your computer problems:

Volt-Ohm meter (VOM) or Multitester – used to test the

integrity of circuits and the quality of current, voltage,
and resistance in computer components.

Loopback Adapter – is an electronic device primarily

used to test the functionality of computer ports.

Local area network (LAN) tester is an electronic device used

to verify the electrical connections in a cable or other wired
assembly.

No matter how digitized a computer hardware becomes, inspection and repairs will still
depend on the proper use of hand tools. This is why it is important to know how to select
the proper tools, how to use them safely, and why certain procedures are safer than
others.

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In order to ensure the efficiency and performance of all hand tools, test and inspection
should be done to check for their reliability, safety, and ease of use.
PROPER USE OF TOOLS

Proper Use of ESD Tools

The purpose of an antistatic wrist strap is

to equalize the electrical charge between
you and the equipment. The antistatic
wrist strap is a conductor that connects
your body to the equipment that you are
working on. When static electricity builds
up in your body, the connection made by
the wrist strap to the equipment, or
ground, channels the electricity through
the wire that connects the strap.

The wrist strap has two parts and is easy to wear:

1. Wrap the strap around your wrist
and secure it using the snap or
Velcro. The metal on the back
of the wrist strap must remain in contact with your skin at all times.
2. Snap the connector at the end of the wire to the wrist strap, and
connect the other end either to the equipment or to the same
grounding point that the antistatic mat is connected to. The metal
skeleton of the case is a good place to connect the wire.
When connecting the wire to equipment that you are working on,
choose an unpainted metal surface. A painted surface does not
conduct the electricity as well as unpainted metal.

An antistatic mat is slightly conductive. It works by drawing static electricity away from
a component and transferring it safely from equipment to a grounding point:
1. Lay the mat on the workspace next to or under the computer case.
2. Clip the mat to the case to provide a grounded surface on which you can place
parts as you remove them from the system.

Reducing the potential for ESD reduces the likelihood of damage to delicate circuits or
components.

Proper Use of Hand Tools

A technician needs to be able to properly use each tool in the toolkit. This topic
covers many of the various hand tools used when repairing computers.

Screws
Match each screw with the proper screwdriver. Place the tip of the screwdriver on
the head of the screw. Turn the screwdriver clockwise to tighten the screw and
counterclockwise to loosen the screw.
Screws can become stripped if you over-tighten them with a screwdriver. A
stripped screw, may get stuck in the screw hole, or it may not tighten firmly. Discard
stripped screws.

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Flat head screwdriver
Use a flat head screwdriver when you are working with a slotted screw. Do not use
a flat head screwdriver to remove a Phillips head screw. Never use a screwdriver as a pry
bar. If you cannot remove a component, check to see if there is a clip or latch that is
securing the component in place.

CAUTION: If excessive force is needed to remove or add a component, something is

probably wrong. Take a second look to make sure that you have not missed a screw or a
locking clip that is holding the component in place. Refer to the device manual or
diagram for additional information.

Phillips head screwdriver

Use a Phillips head screwdriver with crosshead screws. Do not use this type of
screwdriver to puncture anything. This will damage the head of the screwdriver.

Hex driver
Use a hex driver to loosen and tighten bolts that have a hexagonal (six-sided)
head. Hex bolts should not be over-tightened because the threads of the bolts can be
stripped. Do not use a hex driver that is too large for the bolt that you are using.

CAUTION: Some tools are magnetized. When working around electronic devices, be sure
that the tools you are using have not been magnetized. Magnetic fields can be harmful to
data stored on magnetic media. Test your tool by touching the tool with a screw. If the
screw is attracted to the tool, do not use the tool.

Part retriever, Needle-nose pliers, or tweezers

The part retriever, needle-nose pliers, and tweezers can be used to place and
retrieve parts that may be hard to reach with your fingers. Do not scratch or hit any
components when using these tools.

CAUTION: Pencils should not be used inside the computer to change the setting of
switches or to pry off jumpers. The pencil lead can act as a conductor and may damage
the computer components.

Proper Use of Cleaning Materials

Keeping computers clean inside and out is a vital part of a maintenance program.
Dirt can cause problems with the physical operation of fans, buttons, and other
mechanical components. On electrical components, an excessive buildup of dust will act
like an insulator and trap the heat. This insulation will impair the ability of heat sinks
and cooling fans to keep components cool, causing chips and circuits to overheat and
fail.

CAUTION: When compressed air is used to clean inside the computer, the air should be
blown around the components with a minimum distance of four inches from the nozzle.
The power supply and the fan should be cleaned from the back of the case.

CAUTION: Before cleaning any device, turn it off and unplug the device from the power
source.

Computer Cases and Monitors

Clean computer cases and the outside of monitors with a mild cleaning solution
on a damp, lint-free cloth. Mix one drop of dishwashing liquid with four ounces of water
to create the cleaning solution. If any water drips inside the case, allow enough time for
the liquid to dry before powering on the computer.

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LCD Screens
Do not use ammoniated glass cleaners or any other solution on an LCD screen,
unless the cleaner is specifically designed for the purpose. Harsh chemicals will damage
the coating on the screen. There is no glass protecting these screens, so be gentle when
cleaning them and do not press firmly on the screen.

CRT Screens
To clean the screens of CRT monitors,
dampen a soft, clean, lint-free cloth with
distilled water and wipe the screen from top to
bottom. Then use a soft, dry cloth to wipe the
screen and remove any streaking after you
have cleaned the monitor.

Clean dusty components with a can of

compressed air. Compressed air does not
cause electrostatic buildup on components.
Make sure that you are in a well-ventilated
area before blowing the dust out of the
computer. A best practice is to wear a dust
mask to make sure that you do not breathe in
the dust particles.

Blow out the dust using short bursts from the can. Never tip the can or use the
compressed air can upside down. Do not allow the fan blades to spin from the force of
the compressed air. Hold the fan in place. Fan motors can be ruined from spinning when
the motor is not turned on.

Component Contacts
Clean the contacts on components with isopropyl alcohol. Do not use rubbing
alcohol. Rubbing alcohol contains impurities that can damage contacts. Make sure that
the contacts do not collect any lint from the cloth or cotton swab. Blow any lint off the
contacts with compressed air before reinstallation.

Keyboard
Clean a desktop keyboard with compressed air or a small, hand-held vacuum
cleaner with a brush attachment.

CAUTION: Never use a standard vacuum cleaner inside a computer case. The plastic
parts of the vacuum cleaner can build up static electricity and discharge to the
components. Use only a vacuum approved for electronic components.

Mouse
Use glass cleaner and a soft cloth to clean the outside of the mouse. Do not spray
glass cleaner directly on the mouse. If cleaning a ball mouse, you can remove the ball
and clean it with glass cleaner and a soft cloth. Wipe the rollers clean inside the mouse
with the same cloth. Do not spray any liquids inside the mouse.

End of Lesson 1
If you have questions, don’t hesitate
to ask your teacher for assistance.

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 TRANSFER OF LEARNING

Activity 1:
Directions: Conduct a maintenance activity on the given hand tools. Some items are
already given to you. Complete the Table below.
Tools Maintenance Activity

1.Flat-Head Screwdriver Clean and Magnetize

2.Philips-Head Screwdriver

3.Torx Screwdriver

4.Hex Driver

5.Tweezers

6.Needle-Nose Plier

7.Wire Cutter

8.Part Retriever

9. Flashlight

10.Multimeter

Activity 2:
Direction: Complete the computer cleaning chart shown below.

COMPUTER MAINTENANCE

COMPONENTS TO CLEAN CLEAN WITH:

Computer case and Mild cleaning solution and lint free cloth (sample)
outside monitor
Keyboard

Mouse

LCD screen

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CRT screen

Heat sink

RAM

POST-TEST

A. Directions: Classify the following tools below according to the classification of

tools and equipment according to functions.

a. Electro-Static Discharge Tools

c. Cleaning Tools
(ESD)
b. Hand Tools
d. Diagnostic Tools

______1. Hex Driver _______6. Flashlight

______2. Lint-Free Cloth _______7. Multimeter
______3. Loopback Adapter _______8. Cable ties
______4. Anti-Static Mat _______9. Anti-static wrist strap
______5. Torx Screwdriver _______10. Parts Organizer

B. Directions: Fill in the missing word/s to complete the sentence.

1. Static __________________ is easily generated by friction on carpets, tile flooring,

clothing, hair, fabric, and etc.
2. A ___________ tool is a device for performing work on a material or a physical
system using only hands.
3. Hex driver is sometimes called ________ driver.
4. Having the appropriate _______________ tools is essential when maintaining or
repairing computers.
5. A __________ is a handheld device that aids in accomplishing a task.
6. ___________________ is used to light up areas that you cannot see well.
7. Hardware tools are grouped into these four categories, ______________,
________________, _________________ and ________________.
8. Loopback Adapter is used to test the functionality of ________________ ports.
9. All ____________ be kept in good condition with regular maintenance.
10. Multimeter is used to test the ______________ of circuits and the quality of
__________________in computer components.

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C. Direction. Identify the appropriate tool to use for each of the following:

1.Equalize the electrical charge between you and the equipment.

2.Tighten / loosen screw
__________________________3.Tighten / looses bold with a hexagonal head
4.Retrieve parts that may be hard to reach by your fingers
5.Tighten / loosen a slotted screw.

REFERENCES:
(Books) Ramillo, Ronaldo, and Deover Pasco. 2020. K to 12 Basic Education
Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education. 1st ed. Pasig City: Department
of Education
(Books) Alberto D. Villamor, MA, TLE 7/8 Featuring Lessons on Entrepreneurship,
Exploratory Courses in Information and Communications Technology and
Industrial Arts
(Photos) Computer Hardware Servicing Exploratory Course Learner’s Module of
Grade 7 and 8

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