School KASIGLAHAN VILLAGE Grade Level Grade 4

LESSON EXEMPLAR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL UNIT 1

Teacher DOLORES S. DELOVINO Learning Area Science
Teaching Date November 2, 2022 Quarter Second Quarter
Teaching Time No. of Days 5 days

I. OBJECTIVES At the end of the lesson, learners are expected to:

1. Practice habits to maintain a healthy body

2. Describe the main function of the major organs.
A. Content Standards The learners demonstrate understanding of how the major internal
organs such as brain, heart, lungs, liver, stomach, intestines, kidneys,
bones, and muscles keep the body healthy.
B. Performance Standards

C. Most Essential Learning -Describe the main function of the major organs. (MELC #)
Competencies (MELC) (If
available, write the indicated MELC)
D. Enabling Competencies a. Identify the causes and treatment of diseases of the major
organs.
b. Practice habits to maintain a healthy body

1. Humans
II. CONTENT 1.1 Major organs of the body
1.2 Caring for the major organs

III. LEARNING RESOURCES

A. References
a. Teacher’s Guide Pages TG Pages. 73-99
b. Learner’s Material Science 58-97
Pages
c. Textbook Pages

d. Additional Materials
from Learning Resources

B. List of Learning
Resources for
Development and
Engagement Activities

IV. PROCEDURES

The learners will read and answer the following activities presented in
their module:
A. Introduction
Our body lives and works through all the hard work of organs to keep
us alive.
 Whether we are walking, talking, sleeping, playing or sitting, our
body is constantly working hard to keep us in full health and fit.
As long as we continue to treat our body with care, it will take care of
us too. Through eating healthy foods and keeping an active lifestyle,
our body will continue to work to its full potential allowing us to enjoy
a long life.
Can you guest what are the following organs of our body.

1. is the most important organ in your

body 2. are the organs which help us to
breathe. 3. is where our food goes.
4. organ that keep us alive through pumping blood around our
body.
5. are small bean shaped organ’s
6. system provides form, support, stability and movement of
the body.
7. digested nutrients needed by the body.

What’s New
How important the major organs of our body and the function of it?
How important to protect our organs to diseases?
How to keep our body healthy?

Goal Orientation
 The learners will read the objectives that are expected of them
as indicated in the module.

B. Development What I Know

• The learners will answer the questions below as part of

identifying what they already know. They will refer to their modules
to identify the tasks they need to accomplish.
Activity 1
Choose the correct answer.
1. Which is the command center of the
body? a .Blood b. heart c.
brain
2. It allows you to bend your knees.
a. muscles b. joints c. femur
 3. Which of the following are you going to do if your
friend experienced muscles numbness?
a. Apply cold compress
b. tell her to jump several times
c. Massage the affected muscles
4. Which disorder caused by blood clotting or broken blood vessels?
a. epilepsy b. stroke c. hypertension

5. Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

a. regulates blood pressure
b. it balance the body
c. it serve as the framework of the body
6. Which set of bones protect the lungs and the heart?
a. skull b. ribs c. pelvic bones
7. What do you need most when you are
tired? A water b. exercise
c. rest
8. It is about the size of your fist and located in the middle of the
chest cavity.
a. lungs b. liver c. heart
9. Which does not help your bones and muscles grow,
develop and work well?
a. eating the right kinds of food
b. exercise
c. eating junk foods
10. Which ailment is developed in response to prolonged
exposure to tobacco smoke?
a. Heart cancer
b. Lung Cancer
c. Bone cancer
5. Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?
a. regulates blood pressure
b. it balance the body
c. it serve as the framework of the body
6. Which set of bones protect the lungs and the heart?
a. skull b. ribs c. pelvic bones
7. What do you need most when you are
tired? A water b. exercise
c. rest
8. It is about the size of your fist and located in the middle of the
chest cavity.
 a. lungs b. liver c. heart
9. Which does not help your bones and muscles grow, develop
and work well?
a. eating the right kinds of food
b. exercise
c. eating junk foods
10. Which ailment is developed in response to prolonged exposure
to tobacco smoke?
a. Heart cancer
b. Lung Cancer
c. Bone cancer
After answering the questions, they may check their answers to
determine their background knowledge about the given topic reflected
in the MELC.

What’s In
Lesson 1: Bones and Muscles
Do you want to learn more? Let’s Do this!
Do a skeleton Dance pretend that you don’t have bones in your body.
What would we look like if we have no bones in our body? What parts
of your body do you use in doing different actions like clapping,
standing, bending and other? Write your answer in your activity
notebook in science.

Activity 1
Answer the following question.(Refer to the illustration below)
1. What are the bones that protect the internal organs?
2. Which set of bones protect the lungs and the liver?
3. What organ is protected by the skull?
4. What is the function of pelvic bones?

Activity 2

Pictures of children engaged in different sports activities and games.

What to do:
Look at the pictures of children engaged in different sports
activities.
What are the common bone and muscle injuries that may happen?
Choose your answer from the words listed inside the box.

Sprain cramp bruises fractures dislocation

How will you protect your bones and muscles from injuries?
Take note: (Use protective gears while playing. Eat nutritious food
good for bones and muscles.)

REMEMBER THIS:
Bones, Joints, and Muscles
The skull helps protect the brain. Ball-and-socket joints are the
ones found in our shoulder and hips joints. The backbones protect the
spinal cord. The ribs form a protective cage around the heart and
lungs. The pelvic bones support our body when we sit.
The bones in our body also connected with each other. The
point where to bones meet and connect is called joint. Our joints and
muscles allow our bones to move. The movements of our body
originate in our joints.
Muscles enable our body to move. They also give shape and forms
to our body and protect delicate organs. Muscles are voluntary or
involuntary.
Bone Diseases
 Osteoporosis- it is a common disorder caused by the
thinning and weakening of bones usually experienced by
elderly people.
 Arthritis- a common point disorder characterized by
the inflammation of the fingers and joints of the body.
 Rickets-A bone condition caused by deficiency in vitamin
D usually observed in children
 Polio- it is an acute infection caused by a virus that attacks
the nerve cells of the brain and spinal cord resulting to
paralysis.

Lesson 2: Stomach and Intestines

Activity 1: How is food digested in the stomach?
Write the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer in a
separate sheet of paper.
1. The process of breaking up and dissolving food so that it can
be taken into the blood to be used by the body is known as
a. digestion b. respiration c. excretion
2. When we eat all the foods that we take in are not digested,
where do you think the undigested food go and stored?
a. stomach b. anus c. large intestine
3. Digestion is finally completed at what part of the body?
a. small intestine b. stomach c. pancreas
4. We use our mouth when we eat our food. Where do you
think digestion begin?
a. stomach b. mouth c. anus
5. What do you call a tube connecting the mouth and the stomach?
a. small intestine b. esophagus c. pancreas
Activity 2
Ask your family who have already suffered from the given
ailments or digestive problem in the list. Fill out the chart.
Ailments Names Number
hyperacidity
diarrhea
constipation
appendicities
stomachache
Total no. of families who have
suffered from problems related
to digestion

Question:
1. In your family what is the most common digestive problem?
2. What do you think are the common problems related to eating
dirty food?
3. What do you think are the common problems related to
drinking dirty water?

Lesson 3:
Activity 1 :
What you need: funnel or improvised funnel using half of the plastic
bottle, filter paper or old cloth, scissors, flour, sand salt ,patis, water
beaker or clean cup.
What to do:
1. Form a cone with the filter paper, then line the inside of
the funnel or improvised funnel.
2. Mix the water soy sauce, ketchup, flour, salt and a little
amount of sand in a beaker or cup. Stir slightly.
3. Pour the mixture into the funnel or improvised filtering device.
4. Observe what happens?
5. Record your observation.
 Guide Question:
1. What happened when you poured the mixture into
the funnel?
2. Which body part can be represented by the mixture?
3. What was left on the filter paper?
4. What can be represented by those that did not
pass through?

Kidneys and its Functions

 The kidneys are bean-shaped paired organs which are

about four to five inches long and two to three inches wide.
 The right kidney is slightly lower due to position of the liver
on the right region of our body.
 The kidneys remove urea from the blood through tiny
filtering units called neprons.
 They are the major organs of the urinary system. They perform
two major functions. First, they remove liquid waste from the
blood in the form of urine.Second they also keep a stable
balance of salts and other substances in the blood and
produce a hormone that aids the formation of blood cells.

Diseases and Disorders of Kidneys

 Nephritis- an inflammation of some parts of the
kidneys, reducing its ability to filter blood
 Kidney Stones- also known as “renal calculi” is composed
of calcium and
waste products containing nitrogen
 Urinary Tract infection (UTI)-An inflammation of any part of
the urinary tract due to bacterial infection
 Hematuria-the presence of blood in the urine caused
by infection

Answer the following:

1. Describe the structure of kidneys.
2. What makes our right kidneys slightly lower than our
left kidney?
3. What is the filtering unit of kidney?
4. What are the functions of the kidneys?
5. What are the ailments or diseases related to kidney?
6. Give preventive measures to avoid kidney and
liver ailments.

Lesson 4: Heart and Lungs

Activity 1:
Answer the following
1. Do you know where the heart is located? Where?
2. What do you feel when you place your clenched fist on
your chest?
 3. What is the function of the heart? Lungs?
4. How does the heart and lungs work together?
What are the common ailments of heart and lungs and their treatment

Remember these:
 The heart is a hollow muscular organ located between lungs
and it is protected by rib cage. It is about the size of your fist
and located in the middle of the chest cavity. The beating of
the heart is due to the contraction of your heart muscles. This
means its contractions cannot be controlled by your will. It
continues to pump blood as long as the person lives. It
pumps blood even you are sleeping.
 The lungs filter the oxygen that enters our body because it
contains a filtering structure to ensure that the heart
receives clean oxygen from the lungs.
 The heart and lungs support each other to allow distribution
of nutrients and oxygen to all parts and the removal of carbon
dioxide as waste product in the body

Activity 2
Complete the box below by writing the different ailments of the lungs
and heart you are familiar with.

Lungs

Heart

Lesson 5: Brain
Activity 1:
1. Look for a partner.
2. Ask your partner to drop an object while you will catch it
immediately before it reaches the floor.(take turns for 3
times)
3. Notice your observations.

Guide Questions:
1. What is the reaction of your partner after you dropped
an object?
2. How fast did your partner catch the object?
3. What made your partner respond to the action of
dropping the object?
4. What is the function of the brain?

Activity 2:
1. Read ten words.
2. List down as many words as you can remember.
3. Answer:
 How many words did you remember?
What is the function of the brain?

Functions of the Brain

 The main functions of the brain is to process

information it receives and send instruction to the
different parts of the body.
 It controls the voluntary activities of the body like
thinking, solving problems, and memorizing details and
decisions making.
 It controls the muscles movement of our body
like walking and writing.
 It coordinates muscular actions.
 It is responsible for man’s ability to learn habits
and develop skills.
 It connects the brain to the spinal cord.
 It controls the involuntary muscles of the body
and coordinates functions like beating of the heart
and breathing.

Diseases related to Brain

1. Migraine- it is an intense pain in the head caused by
stress, fatigue and sometimes hunger.
2. Stroke- It occurs when there is a blood clot or broken blood
vessels going to the brain. This can lead to temporary or
permanent disability of the muscles to move some parts of
the body.
3. Epilepsy-this is a disorder due to irregular electrical signals in
the brain. This results to unsteady or trembling of the body
and loss of consciousness.
4. Parkinson’s diseases-it is characterized by shaking,
trembles and rigidity of the muscles in the face.

Guide Questions:
1. What are the functions of the brain?
2. What is the main functions of the brain?
3. What are the diseases related to the brain?
4. What causes migraine?
5. What is the condition of a person who suffered from
severe stroke?

Lesson 6: Proper Care of Internal Organs

Activity 1: How will I protect my internal organs? Write your answer
inside the box.
 Proper ways in caring for our body
 Eat a balanced diet.
 Exercise daily
 Avoid harmful substances like alcohol, cigarettes, and drugs
 Get enough rest.
 Have positive outlook in life
 Drink 8 to 10 glasses of water
daily Keep your sorroundings clean

What`s More

Activity 1
What to do:
Perform the given activities below.
 Bend forward, then raise your arms sideward.
 Turn you head from left to right.
 Sway your hips.
C. Engagement  Bend your knees.
As you do the given activities, feel the bones affected by all the
movements performed.
Guide Questions
1. Are the bones connected to each other?
2. What covers those bones?
3. How do muscles help the bones to move?
4. Describe how the bones, muscles and joints work together
to help you move.

Activity 2
Fill in the diagram. Ask your parents the causes and treatment to the
problem.

Problem:

Why are some children infested with intestinal

worms?

CAUSES
 TREATMENT

 What is indigestion?
 What are the symtoms and causes of indigestion?
 How can it be prevented or treated?

Activity 3
Make a list of food to be included in your diet to avoid acquiring
kidney and liver ailments or diseases.
Activity 4
Read and answer the question
Juan likes to eat fatty and spicy foods. She loves street foods as well.
His body weight increased so fast. His mother tells him to eat
vegetables but he always ignores her.His mother is so worried thus,
encouraged Juan to engage in sports as a form of exercise. Still,
Juan did not listen to hid mother. One day, Juan feels pain in his
neck and had difficulty in breathing.

What do you think happened to Juan? Write your inference. Suggest

possible actions on how to improve Juan’s condition.
Activity 5

Describe picture A and picture B

What can a healthy child do?
What about a sick child?
Are you healthy?
How we can protect our internal organs to become healthy and fit?

D. Assimilation What I Have Learned

 Describe the main function of the major organs

 Identify the cause and treatment of diseases of the
major organs
  Practice habits to maintain a healthy body

What I Can Achieve

Matching Type. Match column A to column B. Write the letter of your
answer on the space provided for.
Column A Column B
1. It protects major organs of the body. A. brain
2. It filters the oxygen that enters the body B. bones
3. It allows the food to be broken down into nutrients C. heart
4. It removes body waste like urea and urine. D. intestines
5. It process information and sends instruction. E. kidneys
6. It pumps blood, allowing the distribution of nutrients F. liver
In all parts of the body.
7. It allows our body to move. G. lungs
8. It produces substance needed by stomach to
perform 9.
10. It is responsible for man’s ability to learn habits and
Develop skills. I. stomach
11. It is where final digestion and absorption of food
Takes place.

Additional Activities
The school has initiated a school- wide advocacy among
science classes with the end goal of promoting healthy mind
and body.

Your task is to promote proper care of the internal organs to

have healthy mind and body. You have the option to be an
artist.

Choose among this:

 Poster making
 Researcher who will gather data on the most common
food eaten by children
 A writer who will write an essay on the effects of our
eating habits on our body.
The criteria for success are the following.
 Relevance of content to the theme
 Uniqueness and creativity
 Artwork/design

V. REFLECTION I understand that

.
I realize that
.