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Heat and Mass Transfer Worksheet

1. This document contains the details of a heat and mass transfer assignment that is due on May 02, 2022. It includes 8 problems covering topics like deriving the heat conduction equation, calculating heat transfer rates, determining surface temperatures using a thermal circuit model, deriving expressions for fin efficiency, and using the finite difference method to solve 2D heat transfer problems. 2. Problem 1 involves deriving the transient heat conduction equation for a sphere with constant properties. Problem 2 requires determining heat transfer rates and temperature changes using the given temperature distribution across a 1m thick wall. 3. Problem 8 involves using the finite difference method to solve for temperatures at 8 nodes in an L-shaped body, given boundary conditions and

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BISRAT YIHUN
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112 views

Heat and Mass Transfer Worksheet

1. This document contains the details of a heat and mass transfer assignment that is due on May 02, 2022. It includes 8 problems covering topics like deriving the heat conduction equation, calculating heat transfer rates, determining surface temperatures using a thermal circuit model, deriving expressions for fin efficiency, and using the finite difference method to solve 2D heat transfer problems. 2. Problem 1 involves deriving the transient heat conduction equation for a sphere with constant properties. Problem 2 requires determining heat transfer rates and temperature changes using the given temperature distribution across a 1m thick wall. 3. Problem 8 involves using the finite difference method to solve for temperatures at 8 nodes in an L-shaped body, given boundary conditions and

Uploaded by

BISRAT YIHUN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Heat and mass transfer worksheet

Assignment: 1,3,6,7, 8

Submission date: May 02, 2022


1. Starting with an energy balance on a spherical shell volume element, derive the one-
dimensional transient heat conduction equation for a sphere with constant thermal conductivity
and no heat generation.
2. The temperature distribution across a wall 1 m thick at a certain instant of time is given as

where T is in degrees Celsius and x is in meters, while a = 900 ºC, b =300 ºC/m, and
c = -50 ºC/m2. A uniform heat generation, q. = 1000 W/m3, is present in the wall of area
10 m2 having the properties ρ= 1600 kg/m3, k = 40 W/m . K, and cp =4 kJ/kg . K.
a. Determine the rate of heat transfer entering the wall (x = 0) and leaving the wall (x = 1 m).
b. Determine the rate of change of energy storage in the wall.
c. Determine the time rate of temperature change at x = 0, 0.25, and 0.5 m.

3. A house has a composite wall of wood, fiberglass insulation, and plaster board, as indicated in
the sketch. On a cold winter day, the convection heat transfer coefficients are ho = 60 W/m2
K and hi = 30 W/m2 K. The total wall surface area is 350 m2.
(a) Determine a symbolic expression for the total thermal resistance of the wall, including
inside and outside convection effects for the prescribed conditions.
(b) Determine the total heat loss through the wall.
4. Steam flowing through a long, thin-walled pipe maintains the pipe wall at a uniform
temperature of 500 K. The pipe is covered with an insulation blanket comprised of two
different materials, A and B. The interface between the two materials may be
assumed to have an infinite contact resistance, and the entire outer surface is exposed to air for
which T∞= 300 K and h = 25 W/m2 K.

(a) Sketch the thermal circuit of the system. Label (using the preceding symbols) all
pertinent nodes and resistances.
(b) For the prescribed conditions, what is the total heat loss from the pipe? What are the
outer surface temperatures Ts,2(A) and Ts,2(B)?
5. Obtain a relation for the fin efficiency for a fin of constant cross-sectional area Ac, perimeter
p, length L, and thermal conductivity k exposed to convection to a medium at T ∞ with a heat
transfer coefficient h. Assume the fins are sufficiently long so that the temperature of the fin
at the tip is nearly T∞. Take the temperature of the fin at the base to be Tb and neglect heat
transfer from the fin tips. Simplify the relation for (a) a circular fin of diameter D and (b)
rectangular fins of thickness t
6. A rod of diameter D = 25 mm and thermal conductivity k = 60 W/m K protrudes normally
from a furnace wall that is at Tw = 200 C and is covered by insulation of thickness Lins = 200
mm. The rod is welded to the furnace wall and is used as a hanger for supporting
instrumentation cables. To avoid damaging the cables, the temperature of the rod at its exposed
surface, To, must be maintained below a specified operating limit of Tmax = 100 C. The ambient
air temperature is T∞ = 25 C, and the convection coefficient is h = 15 W/m2 K. a) Derive an
expression for the exposed surface temperature To as a function of the prescribed thermal and
geometrical parameters. The rod has an exposed length Lo, and its tip is well insulated.

7. A two-dimensional rectangular plate is subjected to prescribed temperature boundary


conditions on three sides and a uniform heat flux into the plate at the top surface. Using
separation of variable method, derive an expression for the temperature distribution in the
plate.
8. Consider steady two-dimensional heat transfer in an L-shaped solid body whose cross section
is given in the figure.The thermal conductivity of the body is k = 45 W/m · °C, and heat is
generated in the body at a rate of q·= 5 × 106 W/m3 . The right surface of the body is insulated,
and the bottom surface is maintained at a uniform temperature of 120°C. The entire top surface
is subjected to convection with ambient air at T∞= 30°C with a heat transfer coefficient of
h= 55 W/m2 · °C, and the left surface is subjected to heat flux at a uniform rate of q·L= 8000
W/m2. The nodal network of the problem consists of 13 equally spaced nodes with ∆x =∆y
=1.5 cm. Five of the nodes are at the bottom surface and thus their temperatures are known.
(a) Obtain the finite difference equations at the remaining eight nodes and (b) determine the
nodal temperatures by solving those equations.

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