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Bruh

This document describes an experiment involving frequency analysis of continuous and discrete-time signals using Fourier series and transformations. The experiment involves sketching periodic signals, using the discrete-time Fourier transform to analyze signals, analyzing the frequency response of a discrete-time system, and additional tasks involving image processing, speech analysis, and viewing spectrograms of recorded sounds.

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Chesta
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55 views

Bruh

This document describes an experiment involving frequency analysis of continuous and discrete-time signals using Fourier series and transformations. The experiment involves sketching periodic signals, using the discrete-time Fourier transform to analyze signals, analyzing the frequency response of a discrete-time system, and additional tasks involving image processing, speech analysis, and viewing spectrograms of recorded sounds.

Uploaded by

Chesta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Digital Signal Processing Laboratory

(EE39203)

Experiment 3: Frequency Analysis

Introduction
In this experiment, we will examine continuous-time and discrete-time signals and
systems using Fourier series and Fourier transformations. The signal is broken down
into a series of intricate exponential functions for the Fourier representation of signals.
Given that an LTI system responds to a complex exponential input by producing a
complex exponential of the same frequency, these decompositions are crucial in the
understanding of LTI systems. Only the input signal's amplitude and phase are altered.
In order to fully understand the behaviour of an LTI system, its frequency response
must be examined.

Part 1

Background exercises
Each signal given below represents one period of a periodic signal with period T0.
1. Period T0 = 2. For 𝑡 ∈ [0, 2] :

2. Period T0 = 1. For 𝑡 ∈ [− 1/2 , 1/2 ] :

Sketch the signal on the interval [0, T0]


Submit these background exercises with the lab report.

Code:
Plots:
For k = 45

For k = 90
For k = 60

For k = 90
For k = 45

For k = 60
Part 2
Discrete-Time Frequency Analysis

2.1 Discrete-Time Fourier Transform

For the following signals use your DTFT function to (i) Compute X(w) , and (ii) Plot the
magnitude and the phase of X(w) in a single plot using the subplot command. Hint: Use
the abs() and angle() commands.

Hand in a printout of your Matlab function. Also, hand in plots of the DTFT’s magnitude
and phase for each of the three signals

Code:
1.)
2.)

3.)

2.2 Magnitude and Phase of the Frequency Response of a Discrete Time Systems

Consider the discrete-time system described by the following difference equation:


y[n]= 0.9y[n-1] + 0.3x[n] + 0.24x[n-1]

Consider the system to be causal.


i. Create a system flowchart.
ii. In the equation above, swap out x[n] for [n] to get the system's impulse response.

(Set up the initial conditions using causality.)


iii. To find the system's frequency response, use your response from (ii).

iv. Use a different approach to determine the system's frequency response.Specifically,


take the DTFT of the left-hand-side and right-hand-side of the difference equation, and
then use linearity and the time-shifting property of the DTFT along with the fact that

Submit these exercises with the lab report

Code :
2.3 System Analysis

Hand in the following:


• Figure of your completed block diagram
• Table of both the amplitude measurements you made and their theoretical values.
• Figure with the impulse response, and the magnitude and phase of the frequency
response.

Model:
Sn no. frequency Observed Calculated
amplitude amplitude

1 𝜋/16 2.52 2.545

2 𝜋/8 1.36 1.381

3 𝜋/4 0.678 0.6814

Code:
Part 3
Additional Tasks

3.1 Pick two appropriate pictures (256x256 resolution).From their frequency response,
extrapolate the magnitude and phase.To create two new images, switch the phase
components of the two frequency responses.

Code:
3.2 Analysis of Speech Acoustics and Spectrogram Understanding

3.2.1 Vowel Synthesis


Create a synopsis of the corresponding signals using the provided magnitude and phase
charts.

Draw a plot and a picture of the resulting waveform. Plot the vowel's magnitude and
phase spectrum. Plot the spectrogram for the speech signal seen above and display

Code:
3.2.2
The voice of three vowels, a consonant, and a fricative sound should be recorded. You
should then view the voice's time waveform and spectrogram and remark on your
findings. Record your name, view its spectrogram, and provide comments on the
many types of sounds that are present in the waveform.

Code:
Comments:
The turbulent airstream of fricatives produces a chaotic mix of random frequencies,
each lasting for a very limited period of time, in contrast to the often very well defined
formant bars of vowels. The end result has a sound that is remarkably similar to static
noise, and when viewed on a spectrogram, it resembles the static noise that we may
hear on a television.
As the tongue body passes through the mouth during diphthongs, we may observe the
formants changing in frequency. Complete silence occurs during the mediaeval period
of a voiceless plosive. This shows up as a white blank on a spectrogram.
Nasals typically resemble very little, low-amplitude vowels at the higher frequencies.
We can easily see that my name has a variety of vowels and consonants in the
spectrogram it has generated. For instance, it has formant bars that show vowel sounds
are present in the waveform.

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