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CMR
INSTITUTE
OF TECHNOLOGY
ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
Question Bank
Subject : Electrical Design, Estimating and Costing (10EE81)
Name of the Faculty : Saranya. S
Semester : Even (08)
Year : 2013-2014

Unit 1: GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF ESTIMATION

1. Define estimating and state its purpose.
2. State the important facts, which an estimator should know for preparing an internal
wiring estimate.
3. What are the essentials of estimating and costing?
4. State, what is meant by electrical schedule? How estimates are recorded
5. How is the price list of material prepared?
6. Explain by giving examples for the following terms contingencies , overhead charges
and profit
7. State the rules to be observed while inviting tenders. Give the special conditions of the
contract for electrical works

8. Write short notes on the following :

a. Electrical schedules.
b. Market survey and source selection.
c. Catalogues.
d. Contingencies.
e. Purchase system.
f. Purchase enquiry.
g. Comparative statement.
h. Guidelines for inviting tenders.
i. Purchase orders
j. Tender form
k. Guidelines for inviting tenders
9. What is meant by electrical schedule?
10. Why is it convenient to record estimates on loose sheets
11. What for contingencies are provided for arriving the final cost of any
 work?
12.What for overhead charges are provided to arrive at the true cost of the
job?
13. Why market survey and source selection very important?
14. What is meant by "Global tendering", "Limited tender" and "Single tender”?
15. What is "petty purchase system”?
16. Can a second lowest offer be accepted? If yes in what circumstances?
17. Why payment of vendor's/supplier's bills in agreed time is of utmost
importance
18. Can the lowest tender be rejected?

UNIT 2 RESIDENTIAL BUILDING ELECTRIFICATION

1. Draw and explain neat wiring diagram for a house installation showing connections for
energy meter, main switch and distribution boards.
2. How will you determine the number of circuits required in a house wiring installation?
3. Describe the various systems of distribution of electrical energy for internal wiring
4. Explain the looping-in-system and cutout system of wiring and compare them.
5. Describe in brief different types of domestic wiring system
6. What are the various wiring systems and state the merits and demerits of each system
7. State various types of domestic wiring and suggest their suitability for respective
installation
8. Suggest suitable wiring for any four of the following, give reasons in support of your
answer : (1) Auditorium (ii) Radio station (iii) Machine shop (iv) Cold storage (v) Damp
places
9. Name the type of wiring best suited for workshops. Explain this wiring in detail and
mention its advantages and disadvantages.
10. Name the various types of wiring systems. Compare them on the basis of cost, life,
maintenance, appearance and protection against mechanical injury, fire and moisture.

11. Enumerate the various methods of interior wiring of buildings. Explain briefly what
points must be considered before deciding any type of the above methods of wiring

PROBLEMS
12.Drawing Hall of Engineering College 20 m x 10 m x 5 m is to be provided
with electrical connection for lights, fans, and sockets e tc. in conduit
s ystem of wiring. You are required to do the following :
(a) Design and plan suitable electric installation of the
drawing hall and show the same on the plan.
(b) Decide the number of circuits.
(c) Draw detailed diagram of distribution boar d.
(d) Calcul ate the sizes of the wiring requi red.
 (e) Draw wi ring connection di agram from meter to mai n
switch.
(f) Calculate the material required giving specification of
each item.
13. One hall is to be provided with PVC casing -capping wiring for the
following provisions; size of hall is 60 m x 30 m
(a) Power points, 10 nos, 1000 W. each.
(b) Light points, 30 nos, 60 W each.
(c) F an poi nt s, 15 nos, 60W each
(d) Plug points, 30 nos, 100 W each.
Suppl y is 3-phase, 415 V, 4 -wi re, 50 Hz ac. Draw the circuit la yout up
To the distributi on board. Determine the number of circuits for power,
Fan and light circuits and prepare the list of materials required with
Specifications.

14. A godown has 4 rooms of size 3 m x 3 m. A 100 W lamp in each

room has to be provided at centre of room. Ceiling height is 2.5
metres.Make the connection diagram of godowns wiring for all
rooms.Est i m at e m ateri al and cost of con dui t wi ri ng.

15.A house has two rooms each of dimensions 5 m X 5 m x 3.5 m and verandah of
dimensions 5ma3ma3.5m. The total length and breadth of the house is 13 m X 5 m
excluding the thickness of walls. Draw the electrical circuit and estimate the quantity
of material required. The wiring is to be done in PVC system and assume the supply
voltage to be 240 V. single phase. The details of electrical points is as under
Light Tube Fan Light Plug Power Plug
Verandah 1 --
_
Room No. 1 1 1 1 1 1
Room No. 2 1 1 1 1 1
-

16. A room 18m x 6m x 5 i n i s t o b e wi r e d i n P VC wi ri n g f ro m a si ngl e

ph as e 23 0 V su pp l y. T he r e a r e two rows of lamps along the length of the
room. The number of lamps may be suitably assumed. Each lamp is
controlled by an independent switch. The wiring along the wall is 4 m
above the ground and the switches are 1.3 m above the ground. Draw the
installation plan and determine the quantit y of m a t e r i a l s re q u i r e d a n d
t o t a l c o st f o r t h e m a t e r i a l a n d l a b o u r .
17. The plan of a hospital is given in Fig. 3. It is required to provide single
phase electrical wiring. The details o f t h e p o i n t s a r e g i v e n b e l o w .
 a) E a c h r o o m i s t o b e p r o v i d e d w i t h a 4 0 W t ub e l i g h t , a 60
W b ul b a n d a c e i l i ng f a n o f 6 0 W.
b) R oom nos 1, 2 and 3 are t o be p rovi ded wi t h one
addi t i onal 15 A socket s i s each room .
c) General ward is to be provided with 4 tube lights, 4 bulbs and
6 fans of ratings as given in (a) above

ROOM
ROOM 1 ROOM 2 3 ROOM 4 ROOM 5
4X 4 4x4 4x4 4x4 4x4
GENERAL
WARD
6 x 11
ROOM 7 ROOM 9
ROOM 6 ROOM
4x
4x4 4A4 8 4
4x4
ENERGY
METER HEIGHT OF CEILING = 3.5 ALL DIMENSIONS IN METRES

UNIT 3: ELECTRIFICATION OF COMMERCIAL INSTALLATION

1. Differentiate between the residential and commercial electrification?

2. Explain the procedure for designing the circuits?
3. What is the design consideration of electrical installation of commercial building?
4. What is earthing? Explain the purpose of earthing
5. Why earthing is essential? Explain its advantages.
6. What is need of earthing electrical installations? Discuss its advantages.
7. What are the functions of earthing in an electrical installation? Discuss any one method of
earthing.
8. Write down the specifications for
a) Copper earth wire.
b) Galvanized iron earth plate.
c) Earth wire for 40 kW motor.
d) Earth wire for 75 kW motor.
9. What are maximum permissible values of resistance of earth system for (a) large power (b) major
power stations (c) small substations (d) in all other cases?
10. What do you understand by earthing? Why is it provided? Draw a neat sketch of pipe earthing
UNIT 4 SERVICE CONNECTION, INSPECTION AND TESTING OF INSTALLATION

1. What do you understand by 'service line'? Write down the various methods of installing
service,
2. Explain the methods of installation of service mains in a two storey building with
separate energy meters.
3. Explain the following:
4. What bracket pole is used for lead-in arrangement in case of building having sufficient
height for the connection to be made at the gable but having windows in the gable?
5. Why use of roof pole or GI pipe is necessary for installing service line for low roof or
single storeyed buildings?
6. How weatherproof cable service line is installed?
7. How underground cable service connection is installed?
8. Name the various tests to be performed before connecting a new installation to supply.
Explain how is the polarity tested?
9. Explain why switch is always connected in the phase wire in the wiring installation.
10. What do you mean by insulation resistance of an installation and insulation resistance
between conductors of an installation?
11. At what intervals should the internal wiring installation be inspected?
12. Write short notes on i) inspection of service connections ii) inspection of substation
installations. iii) testing of wiring installation iv) testing of earth continuity path

PROBLEMS

13. Draw the layout of the electrical connection from the supplier's pole to the consumer's
sub distribution board. The consumer load consists of 4 light and fan sub-circuits and 2
power sub-circuits. Only a single phase connection is required for the above load.
14. A building has a load of 2 kVA at 230 V 50 Hz, single phase and situated at 20 meters
from an electric pole. Find (a) minimum size of aluminum conductor for service
connection (b) diameter of GI pipe (c) size of earth wire. Estimate quantity of material.
Give the neat diagram.
15. It is required to give a service connection to a single storeyed building at 230 V, 50 Hz,
single-phase supply having a load of 6 kW. The building is situated at a distance of 15
meters from the overhead line from where it is to be supplied with electrical energy.
Draw a neat sketch of the service line and estimate the cost of material required for the
same.
16. It is required to give a service connection to a single storeyed building at 230V, 50 Hz
single phase supply having a load of 30 kW. The building is situated at a distance of 30
m from the overhead line from when. it is to be supplied with electrical energy. Draw a
neat sketch of the service line and estimate the cost of material required for the same.
 17. Estimate the quantity of material required for giving a general connection to a house
which has got 2 nos geysers of one kW each, light load of 2 kW and two power plugs
catering to the need of load of 1 kW each for cooking etc. The supply has to be
400/230V, 50 Hz ac. the supply has to be given from a nearby .lt pole at a distance of 30
m from the house up to energy meter. Also draw a sketch of the service line

UNIT 5: ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION FOR POWER CIRCUITS

1. State some important points to be kept in view while carrying out wiring for a motor
installation
2. Explain how the ratings of cables and fuse wires for wiring a motor installation are
determined.
3. How will you determine the power input to a motor of given output and efficiency?
4. How will you determine the input current to a motor?
5. Why the conduit enclosing PVC cables are usually run on surface rather laying them in
covered trenches?
6. How the size of conduit for motor wiring is determined?
7. U How the rating of distribution board in motor installation is decided?
8. How the current rating of main switch used in Motor installation is determined 9
9. W r i t e s h o r t n o t e o n " p o w e r w i r i n g " .

PROBLEMS

10. A single phase 3 hp: 230 V, 50 Hz motor is to be installed in a workshop. Assuming the
efficiency of the motor to be 85% and power factor 0.8, calculate the size of the
conductor to be used.
11. A single phase 2 hp; 230 V. 50 Hz motor is to be installed in a workshop. Assuming the
efficiency of the motor to be 85% and power factor 0.8, calculate the size of the
conductor to be used.
12. Calculate the size of the conductor to be used for wiring of a 10 hp. 400 V. 3-phase, 50
Hz induction motor.
13. Calculate the size of the conductor to be used for wiring of 15 hp. 400V. 3-phase, 50 Hz
induction motor. factor of motor to be 0.85 and 0.8 respectively
14. A 10 H 13, 3-phase, 400 V, 50 Hz induction motor is to be installed in a workshop of 20
x 10 x 5 meters. The main board with meter is to be fixed in the right hand corner of the
shop and motor and starter are to be installed in left hand corner. Draw the layout of the
wiring showing wiring of the main board. main circuit wiring starter board and
connections from starter to motor. Determine the size of the conductor required and
prepare an estimate of total cost
15. A new block of flats having five floors in all, and three flats on each floor is supplied
with a 400 V, 3-phase, 4 wire supplies. A 240 V, single phase supply is to be given to
each flat, through a 60 A capacity main switch installed in each flat. There are also 3,
 three-phase motors of ratings 2 kW, 2.5 kW and 4 kW respectively. Describe the form of
distribution you would install from the incoming supply to main switches controlling
supplies to the separate flats and to the motors. Make neat suitable single line diagrams
and wiring circuit diagrams separately.

UNIT 6& 7: DESIGN AND ESTIMATION OF OVERHEAD TRANSMISSION &

DISTRIBUTION LINES

1. How electrical energy is is conveyed from generating station to consumers? Give the
line diagram of power transmission system?
2. Draw a proportionate sketch of a 132 kV single circuit transmission tower and show the
main dimensions on it.
3. What are the important characteristics, which the conductors used for transmission and
distributor, of electrical power must have? Name the materials generally used for this
purpose.
4. Explain what is meant by stranding of wires? What are its advantages? What is ACSR
conductor -
Where is it used in practice?
5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of aluminum as a conductor compared to
copper are conductors made of stranded wires? A stranded cable is specified as 7/2.24.
What does the first and second number indicate?
6. Enumerate the factors, which govern the choice of size of conductor for a transmission
line.
7. Name the various types of insulators used in overhead lines and mention their fields of
application
8. Mention appropriate locations where you would use (i) pin type (ii) suspension type
(iii) strain type (iv) shackle type (v) egg type insulators.
9. Explain about lightning arresters. Why are they used?
10. Give the points to be considered at the time of erection of overhead lines.
11. Describe the construction of distribution lines including the erection of poles and fixing
of conductors on insulators
12. Explain with the help of diagram s, the methods of reparing and jointing of damaged
conductors.
13. Explain the procedure of earthing 11kv line supports
14. Why normally in our country OH distribution and transmission of electric energy is
15. Why is insulator considered one of the most important vulnerable links in transmission
and distribution system
16. Why are stays necessary?
17. Write down the brief specifications of the following:
a. Insulators for 11 kV line.
 b. Shackle insulators for IT line.
c. Stay insulators for IT lines.
d. copper conductor no. 4 SWG used on overhead transmission line
e. On 7/16 SWG earth wire required for overhead transmission line.
f. Stay rod for use on It lines
g. Lightning arresters for 11 kV lines.
h. Aerial fuse.
i. Oil circuit breaker for It lines
j. Energy meter.

PROBLEMS
18. Estimate the material required for 11 kV overhead line of 3 km length. Consider span to
be 75 meter Draw a neat sketch of one span of the line showing various components
thereon.
19. An overhead 11 kV line has to be erected using rail poles with aluminum conductors.
The load on line is 500 kVA. 3-phase. 4-wires.Find: (a) size of conductor for each phase
(b) size of neutral conductor (c) size of earth wire length (e) pole height. Prepare list of
material and diagram for terminal pole.
20. An overhead 11 kV, 50 Hz line has to be erected using 10 m long RCC poles and ACSR
6/1 x 2.59 mm with the average span of 100 m.Make: (a) A list of material required per
km of line (b) Estimate the cost per km of line.
21. Estimate the quantity of material and cost for erection of an 11 kV overhead line one
km long on weasel conductor, using PCC poles. The line will terminate at an outdoor
double pole m substation of 100 kVA capacity.
22. An 11 kV overhead transmission line is to be erected for transmission of 150 kW power
substations to a distribution station at a distance of 500 m from it. Make a list of the
mater: and estimate the cost of the work.
23. Estimate he material required for 11 kV overhead line of 3 km length. Consider a
between two poles and ACSR conductors of size 6/1/2.58 mm. are used. Draw a neat
sketch of the line and show the estimate of material and its cost in tabular from. Also
calculate total cost.
24. A single phase LT line is to be extended from a distribution substation to a residential
houses having 10 kW load. Estimate the material requirement for an overhead LT line
using 13 mm2 copper equivalent with a span length of 67 meters.
25. Estimate the material required for 400/230 V overhead distribution line of 2 km length
considering span To be 50 m. Draw a neat sketch of one span of the line showing
various components
 26. Estimate the material required for 400/230 V overhead distribution line of 2.5 km
length considering span To be 50 m. Draw a neat sketch of one span of the line showing
various components
2 7 . An overhead distribution line of 415 V. 3-phase, 50 Hz is to be erected along a
straight route. The 1,r., of the line is 400 m and the supports are terminal structures.
The span between adjacent poles is Make a neat sketch of the terminal pole showing
the disposition of conductors. Prepare a list of mater required and estimate the cost of
work.

UNIT 8: DESIGN AND ESTIMATION OF SUBSTATIONS

1. What are the functions of a substation what are the different types of substations? Write
short notes on each of them
2. Classify the substations according to the service and constructional features
3. Compare outdoor and indoor substations
4. What are the factors considered for selection of the site of an outdoor 11/0.415 kV
substation? Describe advantages and disadvantages of an outdoor substation over an
indoor type.
5. What is the difference between indoor and outdoor substations? What are the factors
which are to be considered for a selection of a site of a substation
6. Draw a neat layout of a 132/33 kV substation having two 132 kV incoming lines and
four 33 kV outgoing lines .Show the essential equipment in the diagram
7. Draw a single line diagram of a 220 kV/66 kV substation showing all the equipments.
The station has one 220 kV incoming line and two 66 kV outgoing lines and two power
transformers
8. Make a list of the main equipment in a substation. Draw layout of a substation.
9. What is a circuit breaker? Explain its functions
10. What is a protective relay? What are the essential basic elements that a protective relay
has? How does it operate?
11. For small substations why Pole-mounted substations are preferred
12. The bus-bars used in substations are usually bare rectangular in section. Why?
13. What are bus-bars and what are their functions
14. What are the two types of instrument transformers and why are they provided in a
substation?

PROBLEMS

15. Make a neat sketch of an 11 kV/400 V, 200 kVA pole-mounted substation showing all
the component parts and estimate the material required.
16. Give a complete procedure to install a 11 kV/400 V. 3-phase. 200 kVA transformer on a
pole-mounted substation. Estimate materials required for this installation of ht side and
It side along with proper specifications. Draw the neat sketch of installation.
17. Draw a neat sketch of an 11 kV/400 V. 100 kVA pole-mounted substation showing all
the component parts and estimate the material required. & Costing 19911
18. A 50 kW connection is to be given to a farmer at 415V, 3-phase. 50 Hz. The connection
is to be given from an 11 kV, 3-phase. Overhead distribution system available at a
distance of 30 metres.Make a neat sketch showing how will you arrange the supply and
estimate the quantity of material required and its cost.
19. Draw a neat sketch of 11 kV/415 V, 1000 kVA, pole-mounted substation showing all the
components and estimate the materials required and total cost.
20. A small distribution substation (outdoor type) is to be installed. Prepare a list of
materials required. Draw a sketch of substation and estimate the total cost of installation.
21. Prepare a schedule of requirements to provide an outdoor substation of 2 x 100 kVA.
The incoming voltage is 11 kV and the ht double pole terminal is 10 m from the
proposed site of the substation. Relevant IEE rules have to be complied with. Also
estimate the cost.
22. Estimate the quantity of material and cost for the installation of an 11 kV/415 V, 400
kVA foundation-mounted outdoor substations.
23. 9 Prepare a layout for a 300 kVA, 11/.4 kV, 3-phase foundation-mounted substation.
Give the list of material with specifications. Also estimate the cost.
24. Estimate the quantity and cost for the installation of an 11 kV/415 V. 400 kVA indoor
type substation.
25. The indoor substation 11 kV/415 V, 1500 kVA, is installed in the premises of a factory
for feeding three phase and single phase power to four workshops. The substation is fed
from an 11 kV overhead feeder running near it. Draw the layout of the substation and
prepare a list of important materials required.
26. Draw neat sketch of a 33/11 kV, 5 MVA outdoor substations with one incoming and
three outgoing lines showing all the components. Estimate the material required.