INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 2232
Third edition
2022-10
Round non-alloy steel wires for
general purpose wire ropes, large
diameter wire ropes and mine
hoisting wire ropes — Specifications
Fils ronds en acier non allié pour câbles à usage général, câbles de
grand diamètre et câbles d’extraction minière — Spécifications
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ISO 2232:2022
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2232-2022
Reference number
ISO 2232:2022(E)
© ISO 2022
ISO 2232:2022(E)
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2232-2022
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All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
ISO 2232:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... iv
Introduction..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v
1 Scope.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions..................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
4 Wire characteristics.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
4.1 General conditions of manufacture...................................................................................................................................... 3
4.2 Diameter........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3
4.2.1 Nominal diameter d.......................................................................................................................................................... 3
4.2.2 Actual diameter.................................................................................................................................................................... 3
4.3 Ovality of the wire................................................................................................................................................................................ 3
4.4 Type................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
5 Tensile grades.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
5.1 General............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4
5.2 Reverse bend strength..................................................................................................................................................................... 5
5.3 Torsional strength................................................................................................................................................................................ 8
5.4 Zinc or Zn/Al alloy coating......................................................................................................................................................... 10
6 Sampling..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
7 Tests................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11
7.1 Measurement of actual diameter......................................................................................................................................... 11
(standards.iteh.ai)
7.2 Tensile test............................................................................................................................................................................................... 11
7.3 Reverse bend test............................................................................................................................................................................... 11
7.4 Torsion test.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 11
7.5 Inspection of zinc or Zn/AlISO alloy 2232:2022
coating...................................................................................................................... 11
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8 Certificate..................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2232-2022 12
8.1 General......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
8.2 Certificate of conformity............................................................................................................................................................. 12
8.3 Full works certificate...................................................................................................................................................................... 12
8.4 Certificate of acceptance............................................................................................................................................................. 12
9 Marking........................................................................................................................................................................................................................12
10 Information to be supplied by the purchaser.....................................................................................................................12
Annex A (normative) Determination of mass of zinc or Zn/Al alloy deposited per unit of
surface area............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 13
Annex B (normative) Test for adhesion of coating.............................................................................................................................. 16
Annex C (informative) Zinc-aluminium alloy composition and coating performance................................. 17
Bibliography.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 19
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved iii
ISO 2232:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
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expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
(standards.iteh.ai)
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 105, Steel wire ropes.
ISOedition
This third edition cancels and replaces the second 2232:2022
(ISO 2232:1990), which has been technically
revised. https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/f21ec29c-3de7-45d3-adcd-6655949de8ea/iso-
2232-2022
The main changes are as follows:
— addition of tensile grades 2 260 N/mm2 and 2 360 N/mm2;
— inclusion of wire for mine hoisting ropes previously covered by ISO 6984.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
ISO 2232:2022(E)
Introduction
This document was developed in response to a worldwide demand for a specification giving minimum
requirements for round non-alloy steel wires for general purpose, large diameter and mine hoisting
wire ropes.
As in previous editions, this edition of ISO 2232 specifies metric sizes and grades of wire for the more
common diameter and grades of wire.
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2232-2022
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2232-2022
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2232:2022(E)
Round non-alloy steel wires for general purpose wire
ropes, large diameter wire ropes and mine hoisting wire
ropes — Specifications
1 Scope
This document specifies round non-alloy steel wires used in the manufacture of general purpose
and large diameter ropes to according to ISO 2408:2017 and mine hoisting wire ropes according to
ISO 3154:1988.
It specifies:
— the dimensional tolerances;
— the mechanical characteristics;
— the required conditions for any coatings;
— the conditions of sampling, control and terms of acceptance.
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
It applies to round, bright, zinc (Zn) or zinc/aluminium (Zn/Al) alloy coated wires of quality A or quality
B and of nominal diameters from 0,2 mm to 7,0 mm.
(standards.iteh.ai)
It does not apply to steel wire taken from manufactured ropes.
It does not apply to wire for steel wire ropes for special applications, such as:
ISO 2232:2022
— ropes for aircraft controls;
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— ropes for aerial ropeways;
2232-2022
— ropes for lifts;
— ropes for prestressed concrete;
— ropes for conveyor belts.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1460, Metallic coatings — Hot dip galvanized coatings on ferrous materials — Gravimetric
determination of the mass per unit area
ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
ISO 7800, Metallic materials — Wire — Simple torsion test
ISO 7801, Metallic materials — Wire — Reverse bend test
ISO 7802, Metallic materials — Wire — Wrapping test
ISO 16120-1, Non-alloy steel wire rod for conversion to wire — Part 1: General requirements
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved 1
ISO 2232:2022(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://w ww.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://w ww.electropedia.org/
3.1
lot
definite quantity of wire of the same nominal diameter, grade and finish, presented for control and
manufactured under conditions which are presumed uniform
3.2
unit
coil of single length of wire of which the mass or length is variable or fixed, or variable or fixed quantity
of a single length of wire which is wound on a bobbin with flanges, or variable or fixed quantity of a
single length of wire which is wound of a cardboard centre; known as a cheese wound coil
Note 1 to entry: Unit can also be called as unit of product.
3.3
basic sampling unit
m1
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mass, expressed in kilograms, having by convention a value equal to 100d, d being the diameter of the
wire expressed in millimetres
3.4
(standards.iteh.ai)
size of lot
N ISO 2232:2022
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given by the formula below
m 2232-2022
N=
10−3 × m1
where
m is the mass of the lot (3.1) in tonnes and m1 is the basic sampling unit (3.3) in kilograms,
since, by convention m1 = 100d ;
d is the nominal diameter of the wire, it follows that
m 10m
N= =
10−3 × 100d d
3.5
test piece
length of wire sufficient for one test of one characteristic
3.6
test length
length of wire sufficient to provide all the test pieces (3.5) needed for one test of all characteristics
3.7
sample
all test lengths (3.6) intended to provide information on the lot (3.1)
2 © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
ISO 2232:2022(E)
3.8
size of sample
n
number of test lengths (3.6)
3.9
defect
non-conformance of the result of a test with the requirement for a characteristic
3.10
defective length
test length (3.6) showing one or more defects (3.9)
4 Wire characteristics
4.1 General conditions of manufacture
Wires shall be manufactured from steel according to the requirements of ISO 16120-1.
The finished wires shall not show superficial defects (e.g. defective length) detrimental to their use.
When specified, the wires shall be supplied with a zinc coating or Zn/Al alloy coating, as required,
applied by the hot dip or the electrolytic process.
4.2 DiameteriTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
4.2.1 Nominal diameter d(standards.iteh.ai)
The nominal diameter of the wire in millimetres is that by which the wire is designated. It shall be the
ISO 2232:2022
basis on which the values of all characteristics are determined for acceptance of the wire.
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4.2.2 Actual diameter 2232-2022
The actual diameter of the wire is the arithmetic mean of the two measurements carried out in
accordance with 7.1. It shall be within the limits of tolerance specified in Table 1.
4.3 Ovality of the wire
The arithmetic difference between the two measurements of the diameter shall not be more than half
the tolerance specified in Table 1.
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved 3
ISO 2232:2022(E)
Table 1 — Tolerances on diameter
Dimensions in millimetres
Nominal wire diameter Nominal wire di-
Tolerance on diameter ameter Tolerance on diameter
d
d
[mm] Bright wires and [mm] Zn or Zn/Al alloy
Zn or Zn/Al alloy coated coated wires
wires quality B quality A
0,2 ≤ d < 0,3 ±0,008 0,3 ≤ d < 0,5 ±0,025
0,3 ≤ d < 0,5 ±0,01 0,5 ≤ d < 1,0 ±0,03
0,5 ≤ d < 0,8 ±0,015 1,0 ≤ d < 1,7 ±0,04
0,8 ≤ d < 1,0 ±0,015 1,7 ≤ d < 2,1 ±0,05
1,0 ≤ d < 1,8 ±0,02 2,1 ≤ d < 2,8 ±0,06
1,8 ≤ d < 2,8 ±0,025 2,8 ≤ d < 4,0 ±0,07
2,8 ≤ d < 5,4 ±0,03 4,0 ≤ d < 5,4 ±0,08
5,4 ≤ d ≤ 7,0 ±0,04 5,4 ≤ d < 6,75 ±0,09
6,75 ≤ d ≤ 7,0 ±0,10
4.4 Type iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
(standards.iteh.ai)
This specification provides details on two types of wire:
— standard duty - wire is specified for general purpose and large diameter ropes;
ISO 2232:2022
— high duty- wire is specified for demanding applications such as mine hoisting ropes.
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2232-2022
5 Tensile grades
5.1 General
— 1 570 MPa for wires of all classes, quality A and B
— 1 770 MPa for wires of all classes, quality A and B
— 1 960 MPa for wires of all classes, quality A and B
— 2 160 MPa for bright wires and zinc or Zn/Al alloy coated wires, quality B
— 2 260 MPa for bright wires and zinc or Zn/Al alloy coated wires, quality B
— 2 360 MPa for bright wires and zinc or Zn/Al alloy coated wires, quality B
These nominal values are the lower limits of strength. The upper limits are equal to the lower limits
plus the tolerances specified in Table 2.
The tensile test shall be performed in accordance with 7.2.
NOTE Other tensile grades can be used by agreement between the manufacturer and the supplier.
4 © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
ISO 2232:2022(E)
Table 2 — Upper limit tolerances for all tensile grades
Nominal wire diameter, d Tolerance on tensile grade
[mm] [MPa]
0,2 ≤ d < 0,5 390
0,5 ≤ d < 1,0 350
1,0 ≤ d < 1,5 320
1,5 ≤ d < 2,0 290
2,0 ≤ d < 3,5 260
3,5 ≤ d ≤ 7,0 250
5.2 Reverse bend strength
The wire shall withstand, without breaking, the minimum number of reverse bends specified in Table 3
or 4 for the appropriate type, diameter, tensile grade and finish. The radius of curvature of the supports
for the various wire diameters is also specified.
The reverse bend strength test shall be in accordance with 7.3.
If the tensile grade of a wire lies between two tensile grades given in Tables 3 and 4, then the number of
reverse bends for the next upper tensile grade shall be chosen.
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Table 3 — Minimum number of reverse bends for standard duty wire for general purpose and
large diameter ropes
(standards.iteh.ai)
Bright and Zn or Zn/Al alloy coated wire qual- Zn or Zn/Al alloy coated
Nominal wire Radius of curva- ity B wire quality A
diameter ture of supports ISO 2232:2022 Tensile strength grade
Tensile strength grade [MPa]
[MPa]
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d [mm] [mm] 2232-2022
1 570 1 770 1 960 2 160 2 260 2 360 1 570 1 770 1 960
0,2 ≤ d < 0,25
0,25 ≤ d < 0,3
0,3 ≤ d < 0,4
0,4 ≤ d < 0,5
0,5 ≤ d < 0,55 1,75 15 14 13 12 11 10
0,55 ≤ d < 0,6 14 13 12 11 10 9
0,6 ≤ d < 0,65 12 11 10 9 8 7
0,65 ≤ d < 0,7 11 10 9 8 7 6
0,7 ≤ d < 0,75 2,5 17 16 15 14 13 12 13 12 11
0,75 ≤ d < 0,8 16 15 14 13 12 11 12 11 10
0,8 ≤ d < 0,85 14 13 12 11 10 9 11 10 9
0,85 ≤ d < 0,9 13 12 11 10 9 8 10 9 8
0,9 ≤ d < 0,95 12 11 10 9 8 7 9 8 7
0,95 ≤ d < 1,0 11 10 9 8 7 6 8 7 6
1,0 ≤ d < 1,1 3,75 18 17 16 14 13 12 15 14 12
1,1 ≤ d < 1,2 17 16 15 13 12 11 14 13 11
1,2 ≤ d < 1,3 16 15 14 12 11 10 12 11 9
1,3 ≤ d < 1,4 14 13 12 10 9 8 10 8 7
1,4 ≤ d < 1,5 12 11 10 9 8 7 8 7 6
1,5 ≤ d < 1,6 5 15 14 13 12 11 10 11 10 9
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved 5
