IIPEJMCJIOBHE «Mot BerynHan B Hosocy paxuMx passHTmit u paxmux ruGexell: ymepumuit Gr omannsa Box, paccrpensuneii Tymuaée, uornOmm ov ucromenns XxeOnmKon, yaasusumniica Keenan. Hepex xuHovenopekom pasnopaannaeten He QumMa, cMouruposaxnan nexyousmt pemuccépom u mpomymennad vepes Toaurnpocrer m PeneprKom, a Hactosmas rparequs memoro moxonenma. >! Orn enoza Bopuca Ditxen6ayma mpoonysana 8 ocoGoit Tummne, xon# it 5 sane, HomHOM mozeii, ~ on upossyaann y rpoba Cepres Ecoumna. Morpscéuustit emonex, copoKanetxuit npomeccop-dusosor DiixenGaym ¥ Tpoa Ecexuna ronopur He ToxsKo o Ecenmne — on rowopu o cBoém Bpeme. Eu. HI jeu10 He ToaBKO B TOM, TO B ero PeuH BOSHUKAIOT MpuMeTs conercKoll UUM M 9kHSNH coBereKoro uckycersa 1920-x roqos — Tonurmpocnen, Peneprkom (opranusanuu, Kak BumUTe, ue TOKO MpocBemanmie, a oo. OnIM crlocobom npocnemmanmue ~ HomMTHeCKM MpocueMaBuive uM BMulo-Tam. nue ~ Kak Peeprxom ~ yuxmumo reusypri). Moxker Osirs, olyé Haxanyne co. speMerHocTh Kagatacs ey Passopauuparometicn «bumsmoiis — Torna, B Hatta. ze XX neka Tak BocupuHuman Bpema He OME DixeHGaym: neetpora pasno. MacrITaGHBIX coOLITii HepenoporuBmeroes MUpa, UX HeORKUVaLLOe COoMuTe. HHe ~ «MOHTax» — cosfqabalM B 4eOBeKe oljyieHke spuress: OJHOBpeMeHHO ou Obi u B Hecyiemes BEXpeBoM oTOKe coOLITuil, M_HAOIOAN aTOT MOTOR co cropoust. Ho 8 denpans 1926 roa wenopex He omer UynermopaTs ceba spureilem, oreTpanursen... CoOpasumiea » Bomsinow sae Jleunurpagenoit Qusapmonnu B. Diixex6aym roropur o Tparequm spemexm, Uoxoxe, aro soqM, 2unMHe B «KTOKOymeM> XX exe, gusuvecnu outyiqanm Bpema. O «mye spemern» » pomane «CepeOpannuit roryOe» at. wer A. Bemstii, O. Mangemsnrram nasseaer cao npoay «lym spemenn» (1025), A. Axmarosa cpoemy uocreanemy nooTHYecKomy cGopuMRY nadr Ho. seanne «Ber ppemerm (1965). Cronerue ~ xoaruit cpox. Caavasa 65110 Bpema, Korqa Kadanocn! MEP py- MUTCA M UpHONMKaOTeH HocHEAHUe BPeMena — dT0 Ha pyGexe XIX u XX von koB MB Hawaxe XX exomerua. [oaxe ~ » 1920-e roe — oonMEno omyme. Bue, TO Mup poxused 3aHORO. A Y HOBOTO MHpa NOsRHO OLITG HOBOE HEKYC. c7po. MI Torza craHoRUNCH OYeBMAAEIM, YTO MMCATS TAK, KAK Inca Hpemne, Heras. «Mb crowm wepex Bonpocom, Kak Boo6me mcarns?,— sameuan 20. Onema («Ha nas Ges etpouxuy, ony6umtosano » 1961 r.). xTenepp nmcaremm — u Bomenxo, m Ba6ers, a Tuasuse, wv Upam- BUH ~ cIyllawT 2KuByIO peus. Tpexye, m0 cosa Masikosckoro, yauna «Ropuibiach Gewmnonixass, mooie PesOmOMME OHA TomyuiTA «ap peu>. «Hi noosna 1 mposa dpesnux (Kypens nam: 970 0 HOpeROMONMOHHELX aBro- Pax, 7. €. 0 Tex, TO uHcaT Boero 10 ner nasagl - Am.) Grn onumaroo ja- JexH OF MpaxTHtecKoll pew, oT sxaprona yamN, OT TOUNOTO sapnta Haykuy*,— uucasm B. Maaxosckuii u O, Bpmx B crarse «Hama enonecuax pa6ora>, A pagom, B te 2e roqu, copcem Apyroe MHenue. «Copepmienxo uecrep- pu GonsmerucrcKnit waprou, A KaKOB OMIT BOOUIe antK HaMNx nepuix’, Pyeckas auvepatypa passpamena sa locmemume qecaTuneTHA HeoOBIKHOREH- uo. Yana, Touma Havana urpatb o1eHb GoxsUTy0 posh. Bed - w amreparypa ocobenno — BEIxoguT Ha yaNNy, cBasMBaeTeH ¢ Helo x nognaqaer moj, eé pau sue» (HL. Byxun. «Oxasusre qum>, 1918). Omymenne, 470 nucats Kak mpextqe Hembad, pomtnaer m Taxoe: «Bpocurs Hymna, Hocroescxoro, Tomeroro u mpow. m mp4. c Tapoxoya cospemex- nocra»® (Il, Bypmox, A. Kpyzénerx, B. Maaxonexmi, B. XneGumon. «TIo- méumHa oOmectsenuomy sxycy>, 1912). M «cOpacunama>. MU ue tomko dyrypuers 1 6yzymue nedonns, uo 2 mpoweTkymbrostn. Vi chowa Bosspamasues ~ K MpouLtoMy, K mcroxau, 8 1923 roay A. Iynavapcxmi wamican sanansunpyio erarsio «06 Asexcauy- pe Haxonaesuye Ocrposcxom m 10 oBomy ero», m azech mpospyyan xoayur: «Hasay x Ocrposekomy!» A norom cHoBa sBydamo: «Hasag x ymxnuy!» Crpacru 6ymepau m He cMomcamm cnopzs, Ho 6pm xyzouKnnKu, XoToppie B CBOEM BpeMeHH oxMIM Kak GyATO B BU HocTH, YAHINCh Y NpepWeCTBeHHMKOR uM pasroRapHBanu ¢ mMpoumibim. «Coppe- MeHHas pyccKaa Nossna, — nucan Ocun Manjenbinram B “SamerKax o nos3HH” (1923), — ne cpammnacs ¢ HeOa, a 6pima mpercKagana Beem mosTH¥ecKHM Ipo- TUISIM Hamed Crpanbt, ~ pasze mé1KaHbeM ut HoKAHbeM AlsbrKoBa He Chit mpen- ckagan Iactepuax 1 passe oguoro atoro MpHMepa ue ZocTaTouHO, 4ToOEI noKa- 8aTb, Kak Wosrmeckue Oatapem pasroBapuBaior Apyr ¢ APyroM nepekupusrM ornéM, Huaalo He eMyMasce pasHogymiuem pasyemmomero ux Bpemenu*, XX sex ~ s10xa TonsrmeHHo ocosuanHoro oTHOMIeHus mucaTened 1 cBoemy THOpHecTBy, aNOXA OKCNepAMeRTOB, AeMOHCTPATHBHEIX HOUCKOR HOBO! oper, Korga Kaxxqplit aprop mer cnolt xyzoxecrsextbtit aantx. Ho ovo ut BpeMa, Ko- TXa B Ka2k0M BHOBD COsaHHOM upousBeneHUM Hokycersa (m mUTeparypEs) any- “ar Tovoca CoBpeMeHHMxoB H TIpemulecTBeHHUKOR, SByUAT marke Tora, Korqa XVAQIKENK OtpeKaetex OT upoMLIoro HM MpormRonocranaaer ced enty. Tpaguius u HOBaTOperRo — Aba craprtx cosa. Ho, oxashizaerca, onu He yerapepalon, u 5 XX BeKe OHM CHOBA LOMOTAIOT HAM TORATE H enoneKa, 2. MeHuBIeroca m BCé oxe OCTaBUIeroca Tem xe, 1 ero uckycctso. Torpyaéu- woe B WctopuyeckHit H KYKTyPHBI KONTEKCT, 9TO MCKYCCTBO CTANOBHTEN o- HATHee HaM uM OuaKe.Teaqnarsiit Bex saxonsHca, M HAM UDeqCTONT BarnauyTS Ha muTepaTy- Py etoro crouerat Kak Ha Memocruyw KaprmAy, KoTOpas, BosemeTEHe cnoeit vanepmiéitiocTm, umeer copepmenso ompexenéHusie oxepranua. Togunanrs aureparypy XX wexa xaxoli-ro kxaccmbuKanuu Tpygno — eqs pews unér © *KHBOM, ABHIKYINeMCA Mponecce. Hu yeMoBevecKoe OOMeCTRO, HU NeKYCCTBO Re pasBusalores erporo sHHeliNO uM B KaKOM-TO aaqannom nopanee. H 10. TOMY, Moyaad muneparypy XX croserus, Msi yBMAUM: rpaHMN! wexay xpo- HONOTIMeCKUMH TePHOAMM, wARPAMM Mt Rae suTepaTypHBIMM TeToauAMI TOAMIOKHBI; OHM TPOBEREHEI YOHOBHO, UHOTAA MOryT WOKAGATHCA M MpOILS. BOJbEBIMH. Tax, yoke Oouce ABYx AecaTunerHi Bexymue yuéusre Poceum u sapyGen- EBIe CHABHCTaI CHOPAT 0 TOM, KAKOBEI pyGexH suTepatypat CepeGpaHoro ne. xa. OGsruHo rpanymsr store uepuoma onpenenmores yocratouno aéerKo ¢ Konua XIX nexa 70 1917 roga. Oquaxo momuo Berpermtses m ¢ uno ne. PuORMBanuelt pyecxoit amvepatypsr, Kora OKORYAHHe CepeOpaHoro Berka car. SMBACTCH ¢ SAREPIeHMeM TROPIECKOH AemTeNEUOCTH NOCEAHUX ero Mpejera. BuTeieit, nanpmmep A, Axmatonoit. A. Camotinon (1920-1990), ymeammit na xcusam we Tak masno, nucan: Orkyza a? Mis rpuquarsrx? A Moxmer — 18 copoxonsix? A Momer — u3 mecruqecaTsix Vim cemnyecarsrx? 3KusHs Moa ue nexur B taxoit xpouosorun erporoit. Czou nyrn ma6upas, f usGeran Ooxonsrx. 1 m8x upamoit qoporoii. Cxoei upocroit joporoit. 1982 «Omxyda 2.» VenoBusIM HepenKO okasbIBaeTeH Mm oTHecenue TRopyecrsa TOTO waIH EHOTO apTopa K onpenexéHnoit mKoae, TeveHMIO, HanpaRenmio, Tsopyectno O. Maxmemburrama noKasker Haw, w70 axMeuoM, sosHuxmuil Kan neTeHne, SPOTUBOTOCTABICHHO’ CHMBOIMGMY, aNTATOHUCTHAHOe eMy, TAK 1 He HOpDad © cumBoxmamom oKoHuaTemBH0. Ceroqea oxepuquo, 470 ovpymanme KiaccuiH TosTAMH-yrypucraMiE 6rt- Juil> BHEMIHUM, NOBepxHocruttm. FoBops B AeKnapanun «TloméumHa ob. Bcorsenuomy axyeys (1912) o tom, uo «Iymmun Henonatnee uepormmbos, Sytypuerst Gopomuer He cromBKo c TRopyecrRoM mosTa, cKomeed ¢ *xpectomarnimamm Tymimnim. OnnuM 43 HepBsIX 9T0 TOMAR cHMoNNeT A: Buox: «A sno, eon vax: Dyna naysuam m06ure OATS 10-HoBOMy 30.Bee He Bprocos, Iléromes, Moposon w 1. f., a... éytypacrs:, Onn ero opanat No-Houomy, a On crauonntes Gunnte no-HouoNy. Ho 4 sony» ero we rosso 6pannmn. B. XxeSunkon nucam: 41 wepro, Iymnna cxuraeres Ero jyma 8 uynecamii uac. UM sapyr ynas na orm crpoxn, Buér Hay mponactnw naméun. Haarxom cronernsa meerpa Tloér ~ moet zyme cecrpa. 1915-1916 Once Tpynoe Urax, xaveropwueckn SQABIIA 0 HOBUSHE 1 HeTpayMmMoHHocTu cBoero mBOpyeeTBA, dbyTypacrst (KaK u BpeRcTaRmrenm Paya Apyrux wereparypaax Teyennit) Ocraranuch B Pyene Tpagunun, Ipagza, upeacrapnenue o eit Y Kaxxyoro apropa 6u10 caoum. Hexoropsie XYAOKHUEM, HANPOTHB, pesko OTMOKEBLIBAIHCE OT CoRDe- MeHEUKOB-MOepHuctos, a, Mexly TeM, BO MHOrOM On GxusKH mM — MBL YaHquM 970, dutan W. Byana. B yueGunxe, necmorpa ua HEBOSMOXKHOCTH OMHOSHATHOT nepuoyusanna ucTOpRu AMrTepatypEr, HeCMOTPa Ha oTcyTCTBHe B Heit oKécTEUXx 3aKkOHOMep- Hocteit, yenoBHO BbYeTeHO HecKonDKO Pasieos, coorsererayiomux xpouomo. THYeCKUM uepHojaM: I. Jlureparypa Cepespanoro nexa. Il. Jareparypa 1920-1930-x rozos. ILL. Jureparypa 1940-1950-x ronon. IV. Jnreparypa 1960-1980-x rozon. V. Hs anreparypsr 1990-x rogon. Bubauczepa@urecrue cewaru 20-80-x romon. CH6, 2001. C. 571. ; Onewa 10. K. Ha naa 6ea erpourn. M., 1965. C. 63. “ E®. 1923. NW 1.C, 40-41. ; Pycexue umcarem ~ naypearss Ho6exenexoit upemum. Mpax Bynuu. M., 1991, * Ilr. 10: Conoaos A... Muxaiinosa M. B. Pycexaa anveparypuas xputuxa xouna XIX ~ navana XX wexa : Xpectomama. M., 1982. C. 347, ; Mandeavuman O. 9. Cou. : B27. M., 1990. T. 2. Tiposa. C. 207, "Wun. no: Covonce A. I, Muxaizzosa ML. B. Pycexas suveparypnas xpurmca KoRraCepeGpanstii vex ~ oro apema pactnera pycexoro uexycerpa, xak moyep- HNCTCEMX, Tak U PeanncrmuecKux ero Hanpanmenmit, B stom paswexe nantero yueSuuka paccMarpupacres Tuopyectso rucaTe- weit, Bomtemmux B aHepatypy » KoHNe 1890-x ronoR. Venonso ome mepuog, MoxeT Obims aanepmiéx 1921 room - ronom cmept Buona. Brecon A. Aner enOM ZKe Pasrone upexevapnenst rakne aztopst, xa H. Bynum, A. Axmarona, M. Ulseraepa, Kro-70 us Hux, Hampumep Axmarowa ane Ilpera- eet an mucars B 1910-e roast, xro-70, Kak BynuH, upoatusiinit noon, By XX pera, ny6muxopanes yote 1880-e. Cioqa MORNO GuiN0 Okt Oncoens nee ace TBopsecTHo B. Tacrepuaxa, ¢ KOTOpEIM RBI HOSHAKOMMTECD & panne. we, HocraméxHoM smmreparype 1940-1950-x roqon. CepeOpanniit nex somém s ueropiio maeparyps, upexixe Beero, Kax BeK Baaéra Pyccxoi woosnu ~ oreioga u ero Haananue (Tlompasyatenaeren, uno Be Toro Rex pycexoli noasum ~ oo nyurKmHcKas onoxa). [ootoy pasjese, FoceauReHHoM RTeparype CopeGpsxoro seKa, paifont CO cranuantnt OO ormeie, ubIX MucaTeTAx BEI Haligére OuepK oO MOMCKAX B nOBENH. Tnopyeerso mucareneti Cepe6paxoro wexta ¢ sanaxto-esportelicnoit mune. ParypHolt tpaquimei: cpagaHo He MenBime, ueM ¢ Tpamuann pyceHod ane, paryper, Wl. Annenceuii, 0. Mangesurram, A. Axmatona, B. [acrepuar ne. Pesotum TOOTOB CAMBIX PASHBIX omox. MomHO cKagaTs, TO Monepuliow Rpyccxolt aurepatype wavasa XX gexa apes xenocpenersemmtin uponon poops S MREMX TeHACHNUH sananHo-eRponetiexoli xxteparypst. Hanpamep, TOHOPH © PYCCKOM CUMBONUSMe, HenosMORHO He BCHOMHUTS sttamcunrore vote tne APararypra Teupura H6cena, Gemsruiiexoro mpamarypra u di, Feoba Mopuca Merepaunxa, sameuaremsioro qaTcKoro ckasounmes Tame, Xpuermana Axgepcona, auraniickoro nucarens u xpmrma Ockapa Vaiinza, dpaxnyscnix nootos-cumpomnctos Tapa Boztepa, Hoan Bepaena, Crea- a Masapme u maornx apyrnx. B cxpemuewmx pacliMpura CBO BHIpasuTeMbEMe RoSMONCHOETE MHOrHe senaitens OTOH eTOXM MerTaIHCH cosgawaT® TeKCTHI, GuHBKHe NO eBoek wnipa. suremsuocTH Myobixe. Hecayyaituo K. BameMout ropopua o woos tar 9 ,— Hammer Byun B «AHTOHOBCKMX s0z0Kax» (1900). Brpoyem, «xopomia u MenkonomectHaa sxnaHnl> — ¢ aynor- M TopeuM oF e6 Y7parst BocKmumaer HOBeCTBOBATENE aTOFO paccKaaa, Oren, Gyaymero mMcaTesa He cymem coxpanurs xyTop Byrsipku, mo6u- Maxenpkum BYHHESIM, M ero HPHMLXOC MpoaTs, KONA MANKUAKY Gut. ‘o 13 zer. Csomm xBopancKum upoucxomrennem Bynux ropzumen wer xtmanp — ap- roSuorpadum ox obsruHo HauHHan nutaTo us «TepGosnaka qBopauckux pozos»: «Pox Byxanrx nponcxoaur or Cameoua ByaKoncKoro, Myma oat. To, Biexasmero B XV sexe ua Hompmn x Beauxomy Kusat Bacunmo Ba. caasesuiuy...o* Chern upeqkos Bynuia 10 ormoscKoit mmuun moots XIX ne. Bacumii JRyxoncxuit n Amna Byuna. IIpeymerom ropgocra Bysana mor Te M cTapmunbit Pon, K KOTOpomMy upuHaqerasia ero mats — JhomMuna Asekcattgposua. O10 poy keaseit LyGaponnix, muméunerx xaaskecKoro THY. == Tlerpom Benukum 9a yuacrwe » msreme napernt Codi, 13Murepec x noosmu y Bynwua nosnux p qerer- Be: Mar, uurana emy nauayers 3KyKoncKoro u Ilymxuna, a norom x gome HOABMICA AOManTHnit yautem H. 0. Pomanrkos — qitars ow yuu Mam- BuKa 110 «Oquccee> m «Jon Kuxory>. I yoe 3 8 ner Bynne nanvcan caoé Tepsoe cruxorBopenue. PeGéuxom Bynun mo6um acusm B qepenne. Jhooux u urpare ¢ Kpecrbauckumn jersat, TL Ko. Taa ocenbio 1881 roxa oxen organ ero B Exrencyio THMHASMO, MasbUNK MOuyBerBoRaN TAM COA OjlI. HOKO M HeyioTHO. Bamoi 1886 roa om mpuexan Teopsuckuit repo ZOMou Ha sumHue KAHMKYJIbI MW OONbIIe B ruMHa- Pona Bynuaiix 8H He Bepxysics, Caoé o6pasonanue Bynum npozomxua oma. Cuayana moa pyxorogersom erapmero Opara 1Onna, xoropstit Tome oxaganen & ovo Bpema No- Ma, HO BEIEY2KqeHHO: 3a HApORHMUECKYIO jemTeTE- noct» lOnmii Guin nog Hagsopom nommmun. B asry- cre 1888 roga cpox gomauruei conan lOnns SAaKOHMMIcA, MOH yexan B XapsKos, noTom B Mo- cxsy ~ Msan Bynnn 6yper HabeljaTb 6para, nona- aéT B cpeay ero Apyaelt — HapOAHHKOB-Desomonn- ouepos. Byxer unrats B, Cremona, A, Jlesuroxa, I. Yeneucroro, H. Yeneuekoro, mucasmux o na- Pome, Ho orHocuBumxca K HeMy Ges cHUCKOMM TCIBHOCTH, CBolicTBeHHOM HaposHUKam. Uinen napoguuxon, udeamMsalua Kpecrnancr- Ba OyayT Buyrpeune vyxxqE1 Byuuny ~ Teaue o ne. OGXO_UMOCTH 2KeprEoBATL coGol pagn Guara Hapora Gyxet KasaThcs emy baremmpim. Ho. WTO AOPNCHHOTO Umenausaiiuell, & 3opossIM HCTOKAM xmanm, HuTepee. Bo, Aro cam Toxctoii orcoseroran Byxuuy onpomarson: «Xoruve suure Tpo- crolt, mpyaonott skaousx0? Dx0 xopouto, ToMBKO He Hacuaylie cebu, ne nemait- Te MYRAMPA WS Hes, BO BCAKOH aKusHM MoxHO GRITS XOPOMAM "eNOBeKOM>*, Cxenya oromy yrenmo, Byxus uammanca eonpoctutseas: aammennn ou- CH AgckuM TYXOM ~ HaGupaT OOpyyn Ha GouKH, pactpoerpaxan wanannn rose, eon oH mTepatypst. C oti nem Bynum caus no spmapkam, a amok 1894 rona nazxe orxpeist xEWKnB Maraguu B Tomane. Ojmenaer Gl Gee ga {cbasail 38 nopronaio Gea paspeutenust 4 npuronopén K mpm MecataM Tope. a Pe, MOPHMBI cuacia amHuerHa. Bupouem, Bynu pasouaponaren u bron, croscrpe, a ckopee, m TorcToRHAx. 14 ‘Pacerasmimcs ¢ gepenneii, » Koropoii mponéa “aorne rogni, remleeTsuit no’ Bpema pacimpmeron. Open — 8 — Cmomenck — Mocrga — Bepamn — Hiewesckoe osepo — Bepucxne Ansmt H, naxonen, Bawxuuiit Bocros: Typnua, Ermer, Cupua, Jinpan, Manecrmia. Cam whom Ha samamHOrO wesloBeKa,— stojut oe REKTA, B KOTOPBIX UPUPOMHOE HAATO crnbece Ma, ocoGexHO mpwBneraior ero. A yenopex: Kak Bor, = o6peyér Tosnare rocky ncex CTpaH H Bcex Bpemén, 1909 Co6ara CoOsras anon Byyana navana XX wera — © uécrputit Kazeiigockom: meppad 506085... cHo- 5 TH000BB... *eHUTEOa, + Pow enne cra. pas- PSIS ¢ 2KeHOil... MepBoe uyvemecrsue 3a Tpanuty.., Spyx6a ¢ Yexonnm.., BHOBb sarpanmma... Poccu; Mockpa — Ogecca ~ nepesna — Ierep6ypr ~ Moc. 33... CMepTb cpa... BeTpeva c 6yymeit Bropoit =H B. H. Mypommenoit... apyada ¢ Topsxun... ase uyTemectaus 3a rparuuy. M ncé oe Bynum ne xouer semen B Oomsmom Poze ~ ero Taner B nepesmo, «B Merep6ypr? Ba- aii pas, nous HeAOIrO B cromunax, on Bos- Palaercs B AepeBHio, Or mpasaHoctn # aH, o” eyerusx aa6an ONMHOK Goran B OR MoM PomHBIe.., 1890 Hodpamanue Mywruny Anna Huxonaenna Byauua (yporen. Harumi) ~ neppar A cruxm rem 5 osena WL. A. Bynmua, 1898 2. Odecca. B 1891 rogy serxogur nepnas kunra pana Bynana — «Cruxorsopenna 1887-1891 rr.», Havazo ThopyecTBa Y TOTO, Koro MEI MpuBaiiae cantar, Sposalkom,— nostuueckoe. Tipazga, Bynun uy6.uKyer y Tpoay: rar, abut & xouTe 1895 roma paccuas «Ha Kpalt cuera» nommepxan xpurunoi,(4 nepenogsr — us Jlonrdenno, Tennucona m Bait- powa). On TpmKgn Harpaxganca Tymkuncxoit upemueii Axazemuu nayx (1901, 1909, 1915 ro- met). A 1 nos6pa 1909 rona Bynan Gin ua0paH 10- uérHpIm akagemuxom. B 1911 rogy on noayaun somory1o Menams um. A. C, Tymxuua. Bee stm cobnrrus 6yHMHCKOli axnaNH copepmta- loTes Ha (oxe o6ijecTBeHHBIX NOTpAceHMi, mepe- xupaomurx Poccueli. Yxoq Bynmna B ropyectno, a B TBOpyecTBe — B MpoMIoe H BHEBpemeHHoe He TOROpUT Oo ero OTeTpaHeHHOCTH OT MpOMCXoAAMeEro. «Xonognocrs» Byxmna — urreparypustit mm; ero aKajeMusM YAUBHTeTLEEIM O6pas0M coueTaeTcs CO erpacrHocTEio u paxHmocTEIO. Pesomwnua 1905 roga. Eé sayano raponHoBa- uo Bysuna. Ou unran napeKuit manudecr, gapyto- mit cRoGogy cuoga, comws0s v MCHBITEIBAT «TyBCT- i. A. Byam ¢ 6parom BO BeumKoro cobsiTua»*. U3 Ogeceni on enet B Mo- 10. A. Bynumame, 1892 2. ckBy, a TloToM cKoEZa B yepeBHIo. Breck — rpabe- xan... yOuiicrsa... Yanqenuoe nobyxgaer Bynmma K PasMBULeHUAM Hay| XAPAKTepoM PyCCKoro Hapona Mu pPyccKoOll UcTOpuu — OH nmmer noBeets «Jjepesux» (1910), norom «Cyxogos» (1911). Boxpyr orax mpoussexeuuit (1 ocobexno mozecru «JlepesEa>) MHO2KeCTBO crIOopoR — coBpe- MeHEMKH BOCKPHHMMAIOT Ux Kak yAWBUTeMHO aTOGOTHEBHEIe, Kax Katacrpody socnpusmmaet Bynum navaso [epsoit mupoxoit pottnnr: «Paanepnysiocs neqb HeuTO y>xacHoe. Dro nepsaa crpanuna Bu6wun. [yx Bo- 2uii Hocues Hag semuet, 2 sem Gulia nycra H HeyeTpoeHa...>" B cenra6pe 1914 roza Bynue cocrannser noassanue «Or nucatenell, xy- HOMHUKOB H APTHCTOB>, B_KOTOPOM BEIpamaer Mpotect mporus noiimst. B aro Bpems on numer pacckas «I'ocnogun us Can-Dpaunucno> (1915). espaneckyio penomonmo Bynwn serpewaer yoxe 6eo ourysmasma. UH cHona ug Mockst — ajech sacraso ero Havano peromoumm — on yesrkaer B jepeBITO, «Kpopanoe 6esymue> ox ysugex un OxradpscKxoi pesomouun. «Oxasn- HEIMH JHaMu> Hagorér Bynun Brocmegcrsum 970 BpeMa — Tax on osarnaBuT KHMIY, Kya BOUAYT KHeBHEKOBHIe sauucu 1918-1919 rogos. Tlourm nomroga ~ 40 Konya Mas 1918 — Byxuu sxmper B Mockse. 3arem emy yaaércs nonyuMTb paspemenue Ha BHIeay: EMecTe c *eHOM — B. H. My- pomueoit — on yoOupaeres 70 Onecenr, no NocrenHeH MAnYTEL MeyUT ¢ OTb- esqom. M waxonen vepes Koxcrantunonons, Borrapuo u Cepomo ronagaer 3 Hapwx. Bo ®pannun Bynun ocrasanca yo KoHUA cBoMx Hell. VL Bcé Bpe- ma mucam. C 1927 no 1939 rom o mepepsinamu on paGoTam Hag pomaHom «KusHs Apcexsena>. W xora Byun ne mo06ux, Korja sto mpomsnegenue na- sbibaid asroOuorpaduelt, poman aproGuorpaduyex. 16B 1983 rogy Byzun ~ nepsrim ma pyccxmx nu- carexeii ~ nonyyaer HoSenercxyro mpemmo. Hane. crue o Heit mpuuito Kak pas B ToT MoMeRT, Korya Bynmmst ocramucy coscem Gea ener. Kasanocn, MpeMHH TOKO GEL XBATHTE AO KOHTIA suUOHN, Ho suaumreapyaa uacts cpeycTs yiia Ha BEA. Ty douroR, HoMOMs TeM, KTO OKasANCA Tak me, kax u Bynuut, 2 usraannu: «la. Uo # uanenan aa orm Ba roma... Areursr. Koropiie seuno Oyayr Houy4aTH ¢ Mena mponeHTET, orqaua Co6paxud co- ‘uennit GecitatHo — Gin BHOMHe cymacmemmuuit, C xener um Konetixa goxogy... HM pnepenw cna. pocts. Baixoq B Tapax’. (Hl, Byam. [Inesnun. 10 man 1936 r.) Bo npema Bropoit mupono%i soiiner Byrn coa- aaér xnury pacckazos «Témapre anew. «Bee pac. ckaser eTolt KHUrH TombKKO 0 moGBH, o e8 “réy. HBIX” H YAaIe Bcero O4eHb MDAUHEIX H JKECTOKUX amnedx>®, Movxer uoxasarsea, 40 Byuun » oMurpanue 2kUBEr TOmEKO TROPYeCTBOM. HTo He coBCEM ‘Tal. Ou tiwKeno nepexmpaer Hacrynmenne conercKoro 4 HeMenxoro ToramTapnsma Ha Recs Map. B yeka- Spe 1939 roma Byxum mecre ¢ Paxmanwucnsin, HaGoxosnm, Bepaserstm, Pemusonstm a Mepes. SOBCKHM noqumcbisaer mporecr mporme Hanaze- nua CCCP wa @®unaauamo. Cranun crauonmren cowsumom Tumepa u nosmpansaer ero ¢ najenn- em Tapuma. Bynwu ue Momer croxoiino one. ctmep x etomy. Ero sommy:or paaye Hompnm, ox. xymanua CCCP mpuGanrmicxnx crpar — Seroumm, Jarenn u Jlureit ~ 2 wHoroe zpyroe. Oxens ckopo ByxmH nonyanr us conercKoit Poccwu samarumeste mpernomenus sepxyreca M mevarareca Oommmmn Tapaxamn. Ho 6yqer camtarb, TO B stom caysae noliaén na cqeaxy © coSerRexH0i coBecTsio. H. A. Byxms noxopouem aa pycckom xsan6n- ue Cen-2Hexespen-ge-Bya tox [apaaxem, Tooxe penomoyun Bynnua nowrn nepecrann Tevararh B Poccum, m sc 2e, 3 orawune oF Apy- THx uucareneii-omurpantos, nazanamn. B 1920-0 FOABI BBIILIO YerEIpe ero KAWEM ManenBRAMA THpanamer. 2 Hevopin pyc anseparyps. Kunst M A. Byun. Ha o6opore Qororpadan asrorpad: «Ha APY?O! gen» Toone HazecrnT 0 Hobexencxoii npemans 10 non6pa 1983 2., Tpace «flexamepor» Hanvcan Gein Ba BpeMA vyme. «Témusie anne» Bronw Fumepa m Cranuna—Korna OHM Crapanvce noxupate opin Apyroro®. Bce Met nepexuBaem Tenepm ver sépryio xan. Tepsaa nporeKana Korma-To ® Poceiau umpoxo ¥ 6ec~ Reuno, Bropas — TpeBoxHaA H rny- asl = NHuUsa 6 Nepacix He} Bort Hbl, Tpetea ~ xankoe nogoSne 2xnSHM, KOTOpOe Mit anaaniM np Sonvullewnkax, setsépran — amur- HV, MbIBCO, ~ cny¥aiiHo yuenesuine ‘OT NoTona, -xuByulemy cpeny Hac PORHOMY Grviskomy HAM rincaTe- H0= ROTepneTs, NOMAATEGA Ao n5- ‘Toi vain ~ y CeO Ha pacxpeno- UIBHHOR pogmne... Callia YepHeiit. Tpnauars ners ner. ‘KiO6inel Taopweckod qeszenuiiocTa : AW. Kynpnma”, 1924 17Tlocue 1928 roga na uma Bynuna nanomex sa- mper, a ero KEMrH usnarsr m3 GHOmMoTeN. B 1943 roxy Bapzam Ilazamor, penpeccnpopannnii a ov. 6sinmmit uonysennsnit cpox Hakasanua p TYJLATe, noxytH HoBBtit cpoK — 10 ser navepeii sa 10, a70 aspan Ml. A, Byxmua sennxum mcarenem. Camoe uosHoe us conerckux naqannit Byau- Ha ~ qenaTutomuun 1965-1967 rr. — uajan 611a- Tonaps surdpm yenauam A. T. Trapgoscroro. Mo3zua ByHuna ByxuH wawman coi munepatypysiit nye uMeHNO KaK craxorsopen, Cruxu om nica Ha nporasxexmu Boeit xusHm, Ho nocre 1917 roga nposa 9a. Halla B ero THOpYecTRe sHAUMTENBHO Gostee BAIHOC MeCTO, YeM CrHXH, Uepprrit cOopamx Monoyoro mucarena Osim semymen & Opme m 1891 rogy Kak UpHoxenme x Taseve , Serone! Pacckas nanommuaer cruxorropenue, He éop- ene = Pedi ~ He peryxapHoctaio purma wa ompe- é SELIM CTHXOTBOPHBIM Pasmepom. A yem 2xe? “A He Nipnsiiaio zenenua xyAO~ “te BCerO Tem, Kak erpouTes ero comer, cay onHOl nateparypia Ha cra XH 1 Ha Nposy. Takon asrnsig wine TpyaHo ronopuTs o To, ur B «Antononexux Kaxeren Hoscrecraenuine a yor xX» HPOWCxoquT KaKoe-To Aeticrsue. Cxo- Tapentim,.."© = S<<, Hepel wamu Geccioernsie «KapTHEEI» (aprop = = A Byan, ‘SyHuH 2oobuye ¢ YAMBU TEN SHIM ce. Crooeer ounuec. ull 8900 uossonyernpoayocen TO nponsreyenna CKIaIbIBasicn, Kak TpaByso, noasnn", % = Zelicrenit, mocryaKon nepcoxasxeit: Grex pas- FF een M HaBANO RosMOxHOCTH BmZenHTD = SHHYECKOM clomere sanmaKy, kyabMnnanro ReanasHY, a uuora u oKcnosMmMO Hu anunor Spuueckult clomer, Hamporne, oTaMtaes «6ec- TulinoctsIo>. Koneuro, u B sumpuieckow mpo- SSScICHHN cilyyatores cBom «cobsrTus» — Hanpn- WANICHUS HpHYeCKorO repos. Mesxtay Taxman STHaMMs, Kak Tpasnno, oTcyternyer XpoHonormieckas anu mpHanHHo- CTECHHAN CBMSb — cloomKeT MputecKkoro TPOMBBeAeHMA TODTOMY KameTcr SETMDHBIM». 2090por, paanépnymste, aunuecine 110 eBoett wy Sxorbh ~ B mupuxe (eM., Hampamep, «Oxpansyro rpamory> B. Tacrep- H Cenepanie onerumt» A. Axmatosoit). Bupowem, cromer » pacckase «Annonoackue a610Ku>, KOMeUHO, ecrD, 5 oczone ero ~ nocuommuanua. Benowntacr ane woBecrRovarest ne cobsrus, ao RHOUATMCHMA OT craporo yixsiasla MesKonOMeemon veusHn. Pacexas co. See oRHSeTCH MepewucsonHem sanaxon H sByKoR, ux TonuaiimHx orrenkos = SwaHCO# — Tax ur KasKeTes, Wo apHtTesmEeie a OGousirexpHEIe omymenna 21 ee!pacckasunka o6ocrpexnt 40 Kpaiinocru. Banax aHTOHORCKUX AGOK, Ux apomarT HOCTOAHHO BOSHMKaer B ero namaTH — a B veKere pacckasa ylomunanne sroro gamaxa oByYHT Kak MysbIKasbHBLit aeittmorus. Mpneenwre npunepes apyrux apurenbebnx Fw OGonsTenbHbix O6pason, BAKHEX ANA BoCcOspaHuAn atTMochepul ycapebuor >XU3HU, AOPOTON ANA pacckasuniKa. Tlo cnopam pacckasmmxa, «cknay cpequeii ABnopsHcKoi 2xmanu... umen MHOTO OGmlero co cKmaoM GoraToi my- H. A. Bynuu anensi mreparypHoro IRUIKOH 2KUSHM TO CBoelt AMOS MACS epPeRE (Gpemen, 1902, H cemBcKOMy crapocrercKomy 6sraromi0- aywmo». Benommnaa peasuu yureqmero 6prta, OF ToROpuT Kak 0 KpecTBAHCKo!l, Tax Uo WBOPHCKOH mKusHE. Ero omH- carne oriuuaeTes sTHorpadMyecKoii ToHHOCTEHO. Pacckasy 0 kpecrbanckmx padorax unm GapcKoit xusHH B «AuTOHOBCKHX aGOKAX» COOTHETeTBYIOT pasHEIe cTMM ABLIKA, A B Pew TOReCTBOBATeNA TO H Je10 apy'¥ar HapOAHEIe HoroRopKu. Ba Bpemta xneHU B Poccum ByHUE cOO- pan H sarHcam oxon0 11 Thea HapoAHEIX upuGayTOK, NoroBOpoR, peveHHit. Ory padory of mponouKan Jake B caMEIe TaXKEnKIe MOMeHTSI CBOeH mMaHH: «fl nabmojas Bynuna wa comarckoit Gapaxome (co- Gurraa npoMexogsT B Oxecce), rae on croas nocpeH TonMy ¢ sanucHoli KEKKOM B PyKAX, HeBosMyTHMO 1 HeroporiMEo samHcsinax cpoeit uérKoit KmHONM- e610 YacTYMIKH, KOTOpKIe BEIKPHKMBAIH Ava Oparam- KH — YepHOMOpexue BoeHMOpsI, sx oTIIACEI- nas...> (B. Karaer. Ammaannrit moit nenen). Paceras o mpomiiom ob1euén y Bynuua 3 op- My BOCHOMMHaRUA, OfHAKO TOReCTBOBATeNIA B yca- ekoropere apyrax o6 -ACOWoii 2xmsHH MHTepecyeT He TOALKO TO, ¥TO CBA- ‘wagtax Pocevs nasemamm ome. 3LIBACT ETO C JeETCTBOM, He TOMBKO TO, UTO SBINIO Ha “qKaubte xONCT. ero HAAMPHAyamDHOl naMaATH; on paccKasErBaeT _ HaM 0 CTapHHHOM yKslage %KHSHU BOOSTTe. DLA Bynum ganican 8 ca0éM pHeBHIiKe: «{]na Taopyectea NOTPEGHO TonLKO OTxUBLICE, Mpouwnoe>. Cornackbi Mi Bbi C TAKUM yTBePXNeHHeM? puBesMTe OBON apryMertTLi. 10. Oxema cumran Bynmna macrepom czoza u crpemuncs: yanrsea y Hero. B cuoeit quennmxosoii Memyapnoit xuure «Hu jjH# Gea crpouku» Olena pac- ckasinaer 06 YEHAeHHOM Mm pasMMIINeT Hay TeM, Kak SACTaRHTS MpouLoe «garozopurs». 22« pac. cxa3. He qpuxtenue ciomera, a ToH MoBecTBORATE- = cosaér ypamarusm «AnrononcKax #610K>. 1. Kakogo aavenne cnos ? NpneeauTe NpAMEpEI HHbX oTHOrpadu- Yeckux OcOGeHHOCTEM xuSHN, ONIMCAHHBIX B paccKase. S. Kakne kpectestickne paGoTbi onuicanti 8 pacckase? Kak nponosar spema oOuTarenn GapcKoro noma? Npupequre npumepsi peanuii NPOUINOH KpeCTESHCKOH 1 ABOPAHCKOIA >XVISHM, BOTPEYAIOILINXCA B PaccKase. 4 Halianre 8 Texcte pacckasa suipaxenne OCHOBAH He Ha xpoHonorun, a Ha accounaun- ax. [loKaxkure ay Mbicnb. © kekol uerieio NoBecTEOBATEnb BnMcLIEaeT CTAPHHHYIO yoaneOHYO ‘Kuehl B npMpOAE Heit netiaanx? Moxsio iw rosopys © GnusocTH riosecTsoRaTena paccKasa «AHTOHOBCKHe a6noKne ero asropy? SANTOHOBCKHE SONOKH NaxHyT OTHIO He AeMOKPATUUHOm,~ nican M. FopEKult. OGwAc- HUTE TOUKy speHns nucaTena. a 8 © Muuu-nccnenosannsa 7A. Kymin Hanwican naponio Ha «AHToHOBCKHe ABroKiA, 8 KoTOPOH sonpOWaN: «(he Tet, Rbekpachoe BpeMa naporos ¢ rpysfMu, Gopsbix rycTO-ncosbix KoBeneli... KoenOGr, HbiX AYU, AHTOHOBCKMX AB NOK?..» Mpounratire naponmo A. Kynpita. 410 noapepraet on naponmpoBannio B pacexase ? 232. Unvas Bynmua, Bet Moram yGenurecs B Tom, ¥TO B pac- ckasax , «Cust Uanras, «Jlér- Koe ABIXaHMe> M XPyTHX aBTOP HaMepenHoO Hapymaer BHYTpeHMiOW xpoxoaorH cosuiTuit. Hamumure ueome- Hobatenbekyo padory «CoorHomenme cbabyarsr 1 croxKe- 7a B Tpopuectee Bynuna» (xa Mavepuaste s1060r0 mpo- usneqeHia). «Aepebua» (19/0) «Bonbummicrgzo Tex, uro uucamm 0 Moux nepBEIX KHUraXx, He TOABKO cremmum yxoxtuTh Mena Ha Ka- KYW0-HuGY Ab LONKY, HO 1 KapaxTepus0BaM MoI Ha- rypy. H serxomuo Tax, 970 Her nucatexa Gosee TH- waiimero («mene ocenm, rpycTu, asopaHcKux réaj>). A mexy Tem Yex0BeK-TO # Gin KAK pas He rumaimmii: 20 MHe ObII0 camoe pesKoe cmemleHHe HW. A. Byam, 1910-e 2. | Me¥aNM, H pagocTu, u amUAEIX UYBCTR, H cTpaCT- Horo uBTepeca K ausuu. H Boobme croxpar c10%K- Hee 4 OCTPee KUN H, TEM STO BBIPASHAOCE B TOM HEMHOTOM, WTO s TOUATAN TO- raa>",— vax mucan Man Byxaa o KpurmKe sa Tepssre cBom Tpousnenenus. «Crpacrusiii wuTepec K KHSHH» BBIpasueT B MOBeCTH «JepeRHA>. Tleyatb Biposxtpenna HM xors#, kax u B pacckase «AnTonoscKue s6n0KM>, peus B ToRecTH ujér O RepewencKolt KUSH, INTaTe, MOMaZaeT B CoRepMIeRHO UNO MUP — B AH Kyl0, BapRapckyi0 2uoHB. Jlepesna, 8 KoTopoi mponcxogur gelicrsue, HOCHT = Haspanne Jypnonka. U «nexmr ona B yéprozoii apy- Apyea (duarermn:)—ospat. re». He6narossy4nst damanu repoes, nampumep Cepsiii. To 1m @amuauu, to am mpossuma. Bupo- YeM, HECKOJbKO pas TOBeCTBOBATeT IpAMO roRo- Hexon oAHAxnU cKasan mHe: © PuT: npossuma — Uyqiens, Onnogpopxa, Toso.10- “Bor waecHan Gamwia ana Gri, Byona Byrsinouxa, Komens, Kosa... Cobecer- warpoca: KollkonaaneHKo>™. uuxu ByauHa scnommHan efo copa 0 Tom, 4TO BNET Seo sarossyano dbamummeli mepconaska MoxHO nory6uTs Bec paccKas™, Tlozecrs ryero «Hacenena» nepconaxamn. Cpeam HAX mHO2eCTSO 81M30- quveckux sun, TIpuMevarenbHt ux noprpersi: Gomsmmmcrso repoes 6es0- SpasHsi BHemme. Jla2xe repott cenacronomncKoii BOIHEI OnMcAH TAK: «...ApaX- abit cepacronoxncKmii repo Xpoctos — anicoxuii u Korrmerstit, c yauBurenE- HO KpyUHSIMM wepramM TéMHOTO MopmyMHMcTOrO HMA, B AWAHOM MyHAMpe uf OOBMcIBIX ITaHaX, B CaToraX ¢ HIMPOKHMM HOCKaMH HB OONBUIOM Kapryse © HRENTHIM OKONBINEM, 43-10A KOTOporo Guim HAYéCAHEI Ha BUCKH Kpamenbie Boslocbt MéprRoro Gyporo mBeTA...» 24ona Kpacova ywmpaior. B tmx ceprax ecrn wto-1o MucTHUecKoe: «...qa0%K6 corte ty amaHATS HA Mero: ITO 2xe aTO...» [pyro raasnieh repoii, Gpar xona, Kyobma ne npmanaér coscrseuny:o moun, Ore Bocupunumaer e8 Kak Thodae NeCTEO> KAI AONB, TOMKO BO RPeMS BoncamIn you ce BO cHe. JhoGam apaxa sqock Moser oGepuyrsca yOuitcrem Spares opmamnyqat OMe ae ee HOPeaumACs ~ Wt pagouITHce oT rpexar. Bynnncrme repon — DH, KORCKUK <¢Q70YMEUMEHEMKOBS; OHM KDAIYT Wo Howen aepesan- 2 nen duth KoTopHe samumaior euyryuRys (scoesnyi0 Hopory) or cxera, acrourn. SEHK JeliTMoTABOB HecKoBKO, Tonciony next , 1 o6pas ror PuoOpetaer cHapommieexoe auauenne ~ Taxon Horema «samstnacay. > Hatiante npvmeps! uenonssosanna OSpasa «nui» # noBecTu. Kakoa ero ombIeN? Hocromnno nosiuxaer mors xumoxépersa — YoMunanus oGompantstx SOHes Wit OckexésanHoi cKorams. «Kommmorépy — mma oopamaeres » Tu. “y wopitk, Kysema upexympexaaer Opara Tuexona, Baagenpua Jlypuon- Se. Mbeguaraouero eny joseHOCTE ym. B yeutpe »upa Hypxonxu cuoea yeannoa. Hpan- HaSHIBACTCA OHA HEMHOOKKO MHaye — . Teneps xosaun S2aB0bI HE ZROpAUMH, H poyocHoBHaT Y Hero concem apyraa. Ho HauuHaer Byrn acé-raKn © PonocnoBHON. Kak Bam KekeTor, nowemy? Ipanex Tuxoua Kpacosa ordun y enoero Toc- <9 : auza soSosuMny. 3a To rocnoaun — JIypuono Teper tee) = is SrpaBut upaxena Gopasimn, [ex Kpacosnix ANBO- “eonepbis oGracesse — Gyan “apa: “SSBHICH® — 4CTax 3HaMeHTEIM Bopom»>. «. Ws nonectuonanus ne Saoahe ACHO, Kak Tonana «ycazsOunrka> B pyKu x Tuxony Wapuay («...110- wom XCHUJICH Ha wou ropawanoit crapyxu-Kusotupr Ulaxozoit. A xenun. Sacb, BOAT MPHUAaHOrO, “oKOHAN” oTOMIa oouumasumx Jyprono, nomHo. See asOro Sapeywa, mucone Ha ABAReTE aos TORY *USHH, HO c BeaH- =etenuoi Kamrranogoit Sopoyot. UW myxunn vax H aXHyIM oT ropzoern, Sonn BAM OF AYPHOBCKOe uMeHBUNE: BenD IyTS He Bom Typuozra cocronr us Epeconprx!>), Bor 8 usu pyre nonata yeams6a. SeeHer ayecs rapmoxmn Mexay uenonexom u npapomo. D «Contue cannnoct nocne ”oxnauBoro nHA B Cepo-Kpa- cHbIe TyYN, CTBONEI 6 GepSs0BOM necouKe BLINK anbie, npocénok, peskO BbINENABLIMMcs 4YépHo-duoneTOBON TPAsbIO CpeaM CBExeil seneHn, Goin TAKEN». Cpasnue stor nelisax c kapThHaMu npmpoabl B «AlTO- HOBCKMX AGAOKAX». B mumpe Jlypnoseu wa ncém seskuT metaTh BEI poxqenna. Vaorga jaxke xa mpupone: «Ba TepKo- BbIO GrecTen Ha commMe MerKMit rIMMMeTSIt Upyy of, HaBOsHOH NOTHHOH — rycraa »*émTad Boga, B KOTOpoi cromio eTayo KOpoB, UOMMHYTHO oTupaBmaEmiee ckOu HY2KAbL, ‘M HaMBIJMBa TouoBy Toublii MyxKHK». Peus nepconaxett , Kak u pew Noneersonartema pacckasa «AH- TOHORCKMe AOTOKM>, TOxKe MepecsilaHa NOrOBOPKAMH, HO bYHKIMA y HUX mas: «Kax 6oubIIMHCTBO ZYPHOBLER, OH BCE TOILKO HOBTOPAT crapare HeMy- Apénple uspeyenua, TOATBepK aN TO, YTO JaBHBIM-ZaBHO MBpecTHO>. Moxa- ay, TOMBKO OAUH MOTHE B TosecTH, oObENMHMONTU e8 ¢ «ATTOHORCKUME aO1OKAMH>, OcTaéTcaA HeUSMeHHEIM — oTO ONMCAHHe Kra_OuLla H OTHOMeHHE repoes K cMepTH. Mpuwumua sceoOuero Bbipoxkgenua ovesuqna: peu B «Jlepepne» uqér He © mpomtom, a o cospemenuocru, Yuommnarorca soiina c SluoHMeit, pepomo- una, yma, qenytarei, raserst, nMlymme 0 TeppopucruuecKHXx aKTax... Y oguoro ua nepconameit ~ Jeuucku — na pyKax okaspinactea KHwxeTKA «Pons mponerapuara B Poccun>. D1. ¥ Eropku (oH noapysnbiii 6 nase) ~ «06 BnasnexHell4, niyo KaK aliyo KoCOe, raga * piGen, BbinyknbIe, a BeKH C GenbiMH TeNRYEMMM PeCHMLAMH TOUHO HaTAHYTEI Ha HX: Ke@X@TCA, 4TO HE XBATUNO KOXI, 4TO, CCIM Mamtbili COMKHET MX, HYKHO 6yneT por pasit- HyTe, ECM 3akpoeT pot — NPHABTCA LIMPOKO PacKpwITb BeKi Kakne xyfOxKeCTBeHHbIe NPUéMEI ucnONLayeT ByHViH, pucyA nloptper store repos? Haiignre apyrne noprpersi s NosectH H npoaHanuampyitre ux 2. Kak paskbie repou oTHOCATCA K peHomoyMn? K Apyrim CobsITHAM CoBpeMeHHocTN? 3. Kaxue pycexue nicatenn gasan csouM repoAM UMeHa, HanOMMHaIoUte NPosBMUa? Hauuvonaapupiit xapantep Tlocne Kpopassix codsiruit pesomonun 1905 roga, ceugetenem KOTOpEIX Bynum 611 & ropojle, Hocne Hemenoro u GeccMpICHeHHOTO MyXUNKOTO GyHTa, KoTOppIt OH HaGOgaN B epeBHe, Npo6ema HanMoHAanbHOrO XapakTepa pyc- cKOrO TemOReKA BIMIOTHYIO Crama saHMMarE ero. Tepon nosectu — 6parsa Kpaconut, u we TORBKO OMM — omymaloT ceOa PYCCKUMM JNOABMM, YacTo roROpaT 06 sToM. Tlocranns nepey co6oii sagaty pasobparsca, Kakor 2ke OH, pyccruii HanM- ouanbusiit xapaxrep, ByHuH He ToKaaiBaer cBomx Tepoen neHyrpH. Ou mH- me? Tak, Kak GyqTo Ob TpaqunMM pyccKoit ncuxomormecKoi most Boobue 26 leer ser oweE focymecrsyer. Ero repou He uponsuocar Buyr- cHHHX MOnOJOrOB, He UMULYT AHeBHUKOB, Equi. cTseHHenit pas upunogur Byxun 5 cxoeli nosecra SparMent sanacox onHoro us nepcouameit — T[e- sxexu. Ho orm saucy He mpoacumor Ham cyrm repoa. Sanviokn Zenvckn suirnanst Tak: «Mlatiay 8 Apemyyali nec sbiGpars nostie ene u Beats or GaxSPHON rovosti GeveRbMKy OnpeAENHTCA Ha Hol HaBeNHiyiO xUaHe BHOBLIX Opioras Ho Gescanox...» C kakoii Yenbio ByHnH npneogut ux? Als vero Detivoka nepenaér ceou sanvoKn Tuxony Vnenuy? Mat Mose cys 0 reposx no mx yeiicrsnam, mloctynkam, KoTopsre oH epmaor. Tloerynky ke aru, KaK TpaBso, uempeneKaayemst. «Camoe wro == Ha eCTh MoOumoe Hale, caman norubensEan Haida YeprTa: cMoBo — o7HO, Zei0 — mpyroel»,— rar xapakrepHayer pycckoro uenopeka Kyssma Kpacos. > Tokaxute sto Ha npumepax us TeKcra. Ectb » upmpoge pycckoro yesoneKa Kakas-70 aKa, Kakas-t0 ypoiiepennocrs. Uncaters, =x H MHOrHe ero coupeMmeHHMKu, CuNTan, WTO BOD. ==xa oHa Onarogapa coequMenmmo mpyx Halas: Swestepycckoro (expouelicxoro mo cyrm) m asmarcxoro. O gpoiicreennod — a S=70ro saraqouuoii ~ esporelicxu-asvarcKolt upupoye pyccxoro Memone‘a WH. “=u Ba. Comonser, Baox, Augpeit Bexstii, Pemmaon, Bprocor, Fopsrnit ap. Howaslo Apesuepyeckoe, cpaabinasuiee PyccKorO WemOReKA C UpOMMILIT, = Buescxoii Pycuio, Bynua piicoxo mem. , pocrmmia. He xBasbarech BBl, 38 palit Bora, ro But ~ pyocxue. [[mkuik ust napont Se EDHHATO Gui0 B TO BEM TAK MMCATL o Tapone — upmantanelt Ouse oy, caEWueckas Haeammaanna mysxnna. Hien waponomo6ua n Poccim ocobenno pacnpocrpammuacs B 70-x ronax EX bexa. Kpurmxn nneana 0 camodsirocrn Hapoma, 0 «narommxen wpopa- =="; HOCBATIAOMHX CBOIO RUSH TOMY, WTOORI sarmmaquT mepen mysemrons Sa7evi0 Bnny Gapersa (ex., nanp., cravsu H. K. Muxaiinovexoro). Tlyxoo- =< YeTou Hapona era BocipmMuMaTsca Kar Gostee BBICOKMe 110 oTHOWIeno = SsoBIbIM yoroam uuTeNuMTeRMUM. B oTOM ae Pycme pagkuBaHen men om, Sexcuua JT. Tonctoro. TonyxapHo Oxi10 cyatqenHe 0 pyccKoM Hapore Kean *SoroHoctes (0 wapoxe-™. Pasmermaas 0 BHyTpenneli nOneMEuHOCTH TO- BecTu, Crom? O6parHTs BHUMaHUe Ha TO, ¥To Kyse- ma Kpacon, npousHocammti cxopa o «quKocra> Pyeckoro Hapoga, y Bywmna — roar, xorg B mpo- WWIOM MemEui ToproBen, u nEsHMTa. Capapejtmsoctm pan mazo ckasaTs, ¥T0 B OAHOM HB TepoeR cBOero OUepKA « He cTpayaBiinii BMecte c cBo- C10 oKepTROIO, Kak TpeAOTOKHIM MBI B HAMIeM sTIONe, a C XOMOAHBIM JHOGOMBIT- CrsoM cueqMpIMt 9a e& wpeerarnama u KOpYAMH, 13 ONO! THM MopeSHocTH TYKOTO CIpayaHUA, OOBEYECKOTO YHHIKeHMA,— YepT sHaer, MO2XeT OLITh 13 YT Horo HaGmogenua?» M tyr xe nucaTeH DyraeTed cpoero OrkpuITHs: «Bou yok ec M TaKMe YepTbI AazKe UB HApOAHOM Xapaxrepe (a B HacTOMee Bpema BCs BOSMOXHO MpeqUOHOARHTS), a eHIe B HALLIel AepeBHe, TO ato yoKe HOROE OTKPOBE- He, HECKONbKO Jake HW HeomuZaHHoe>, Bosuuxaer B MoBecTH u Tema crpammHoro Gyzy- iyero Pocenn. «Pyes. Pycs! Kyza Maumsca TEI? > — UpHmIo emy B Tomony Bockuntanue Toro». (¥ Toroaa: «Pycs, xyga x necéuvca ver?» — Aem.) Torosesckyw (ppasy scnomunaer Kyspma Kpacos. A noToM cOuB4uMBO HM KoCHOASBIHO Mpoxommaer eé: «Pycn, Pycol.. Ax, myctoGouTst, Mponactu Ha Bac ery! Bor aro Gyjter n0- unmge — “qemytar xovex pexy orpasuts”... Ja, HO ¢ KOTO M BaKICKMBATE-TO? Hecuactunit napoy, mpexige scero — necuactusii!..» A B caMom (pmiiaste Ton- surest O6pas cpayeOuoro noesqa, Beayzyero Moaoayio u Jlennery x Gespanocr- soli usuu: «HM yomoit raanu momageit ocobenno muGKo, M Topmactaa >xeHa Bansxu Kpacnoro eroasia » mepequmx caHax, miacana, Kak Taman, maxama HJlaTO“KOM H pasta Ha BeTep, B Oyliny10 TéMHyI0 MyTS, B cer, steveRIIHit eft B TyGuI M Sarnymazmuii e8 Borani romoc: 28Y rony6a, y cusoro Bonorast ronopal» Tar emé pas Boammuer 5 npomsseqenuu By- 4a ACCONMANNA C roromeBcKoit HTuNei-TpoliKoit: 2 OCTaBHT y WHTATeMA OMyMeHHe GeaBICKomHOt OcKH W MpayHBIX Mpequysersuii. 1. «"Pa6cTB0 oTMeHunn Bcero Copok NATb neT Hasan,— 4TO > W BbICKHBATE © TOTO Hapona? fla, HO KTO Bit Hogar 8 9ToM? Cam xe Hapoa!” M snyo KyabMbi OnATS NoremHes0 M ocyHynocb». Kak BbI noHuMaeTe sty moiont Kysbmel? Cpasnure cnopui Kysomei c Basalukuneim. OTpaKaKoT An eykOeHUs TepOeB BarNANb! Ha HapoA camoro By- Huta? Kakopbl oT B3riagsl? 3. «ByHnIH ~ ofHa v3 pasHosyAHOcTed “kaloLeroca 180- parma’ (10. Aiixersanba. O <[lepesHe>, 1912)*, Mpokommertupyiire Takoe cyxneHue KpHTUKa — coapemeniinka ByHiHa. 10. H. Alixennamea. 1910-¢ 22. py Moene «Aepebuu» B prAna Aa wanucar HavepHo Tlocxe «Jlepennm conpemenumxn eran goc- — S9P8V0 Yacth (M. Popsrmis. [ues ysuny, qexadps 1910 r.). «Tocnodun u3 Can—Gparyucno» (19/5) Tocnogun 6e3 umenn XYAO™MecrBeHHOM Mupe paccKasa z6- "as Sa2kHa He MenBule, yem B pacckase «AnroHoscKne a6n0Ku>. [puuem oT- me JeTaqu, Kaxkyuelica HeOOXOqUMOit, OOasaTeMBuOil, BaxXHO TAK 7Ke, eé upucyrersue. B stom cmuicne HeoOLIHO Hayano pacckasa «Tocno- 3 Can-Dpanuncko»: repoit, upereranmennsili nam yate 5 MepEBIx ¢pa- Meer HMen, O6patwre BHuManue: repoii He uMeer MMeHH B Mupe, Se Sce CaMBIM THTATesMBHBIM O6pasom UMeHYeTCH, TAK KaK HacBIMaeTeH XyZ0- 29JKECTBCHHBIMM JeTaIAMM u Ouarogaps oromy <«tomyyaer umena» — cm., Hallpu- Mep, Takyi0 @pasy: «B zeKaGpe u auBape on Hayesnon HacnamyarEes comneM FOmuoi Uranuu, namatankamu apesnocru, TapaHTenoi, cepeHagamu Spo- AHWX WEBLORy HT. a. UT. Tr. ) _Mastomy repowo caoero pacckasa «focnoamn 13 Cat-@panynoxo» ByxilH He Aan uMe- HM; HET MBH y ero 2eHbI Hy ero NO“epH, B TO xe BPEMA BTOPOCTeNeHHBIE NepcoHaxKn Pacckasa HaneneHbi CoBcTEcHHLIMN MMeHamn — SlopeHo, STynaxn... Kak Bbi AyMaeTe, novemy? Heo6srance uaszanne nopaban OcoGve sHavenue uMeer HasnaHue Kopa6sm, Ha KoTOpom B ocHOBHOM pasbopaumpaerca jelicraue — «Arnanruya>. BesyenoBHO, 970 Hasnanve cRO- ero pola sHaxk Aun uHTavena. To nerenye, Koropyi0 uanoaun [naton, Aran Tuga — rpomagubii ocrpos 5 AriaHTmeckom oKeaHe; CHHTam0CB, UO ATIaH- Tuxa Obita oOmmpHee Aanu u JIusum BMecte paaTHX, HO us-3a aemmeTpace- Hua ona Hcuesma. A BMecTe c Heli ucuesna BBICOKaN UMBUIusalua, AKOOBI cyiecTBoBaBriad Ha 9TOM ocrpoRe. B paccxase Bynmua kombopradembubti cospemenntit KopaGub «Atsanra- a» roe BONTOMaer Mup YemOReYeCKOH TMBMANsANME; Kopadm TOCeAHHMM JOCTHKeHMAMM STO DMBHIMZANUM: <...apoxoy — sHamexwras “Armanraga” — Opi noxom Ha rpoMagHBtit ores co BcemH yqoOcreaMM, — © HOWHEIM GapoM, c BOCTOUHEIMU GaHAMH, ¢ coOcTseHHO! rascToit...» Tlouemy 2ke Kopa6ab HasBaH uMemHO Tax? HyxHo TH mB OTOM HaSBAHUM MCKaTb MpomBienns apropcKoit MEtcnn? ?Kena mucarens, Bepa Huxomaesua Mypommesa-Byuuna, pacckassinana © HeKoropErx BosMOIXHEIX OGCTORTENKCTBAX ROSHUKHOBeHHA OSpasa KopaGna us pacckasa «Tocuogum us Can-Dparmucko». Tak, ona Gulla cBuseTenpHutelt cnopa Byxuxa Ha uapoxoye, re OHM BMecTe IIyTereCTBORAIM, C ORHMM U3 110- nyramkos. «Eemm paspesaTb napoxXoy BepTHKANbHO, TO YBUAMM: MBI CHAMM, TIbEM BHHO, Oecenyem Ha pasHble TOMBI, a MAINMEMCTHI B Mere YépuEIe OF yr- 4a paGorair... cmpaseyauBo 1m 9T0?>",— ropoput nucaTem. Kax Bugure, B oTMX CuIOBAX TMcaveia KopaGb To:kKe OKasacA SHAKOM — 3HakOM Hecmpa- BegsmmBoro yerpoiicra veslozeyecKoro ObmecTBa. D Kakoe sHavenne umeer o6pas napoxoza non HeaRaHuem «ATnaHTHpa»? Haiigure npyrne * cumeonwueckve o6pasui 8 pacckaae. Kaxos wx cMbiCn? S3nauenne o6pasa Araanrusnl B pacckaze Jlerenapras zpepnas Arsanraga — o6pas noruGmed nusnaueanun. He osnawaer sm 970, 170, no Mbicim ByHina, coBpeMennan eMy HURMTMALUS, BO- noméunaa 8 obpase Kopaéza mo, HagBannem «ArmanTHja, odpevena? Tlasaitre upnemorpumca K Tomy, KaK B paccKase onvcaHEt KopadxS 1 JKUGH Ioget Ha ero Gopry. 30B xa6anere M. Topsxoro. Tlepssiti cnena — M. Topaxuii, Bropoii — ©. H. Waranan, B ueHtpe 80 BTopom paay — WL A. Bysun. 1913 e. Kanpu OMMmaeT 2uaHD. HB oTom eMnn. eB, erpacrunix JIynmaxn un JTo. sare RAnHOMY eCTeCTBCHHOMY YeTOREYECKOMY cyte. ‘eM ano» OOuTarerei# «ATaanTUAM>. Kusny vypueton aa xopadne movezo comocrasuTs ¢ oSpasom «mmpa no ng CoMBIos KaK Ht Tepow Manemexoi Tparemum A.C. Tlymxuza «Imp zo SME, Mepeonazen Byzmua stusyn y «6eaqiien te pao». Hf oro cxpui- © Pacenase cPaBHeHNe Toe natloMuHaeT HAM o GanoKcr emepra. Aza nonumanusz venosena u 2kU3HH: OSHGHS KMBaa> u «eusHe Mépraagy Koxrpacrom ostomy mupy m paccnase OkasuiBaeTeH crHxHs cKMBOH sena- cé Romnomaior curemu Kanpa. Dra Henegomax Tocnonmay 13 Cau-Cpart. ‘0 KHSHB NoqYuHeHA coBceM Apyroi spemennoi mpocrpaucrsenyoit e. B ueii ner Mecra roij , xoropas onpenenser =b uewoneKa <«iuBHmAsoRaHHOTOD. Uurwmsosamasti uenosex sxnpén 31 sss, THe Bcé TOMUMHeHO TpauKam w UenOBEIM TocreqOBA- TenbHocTam. MoTHBnpoBKH BCeX TIOCTYIIKOR aflech panmonastbHbI. «CHIBI IM BHIUBAILUM He CIOCOGHEI IOHATH eCTeCTREHHOTO YeTOBeKA — BOT TO¥eMYy ABE OTH JMHMH B paccKase He Tepeceraioroa, a cymecTBYIOT MapannebHO. > Haare 8 pacckase npegckasyembie u HenpepcKasyemple coGuTTVA. Movemy aaTop * paggensier ux? C Kakoii uensio NOBeCTEOBATeNIb paccKasbIBAeT O CHE repos, NpeLCKA- BaBUIeM BETpeMy B PeaNbHOn KMSHHN? Yenopek u ucropua: ByHuu 0 pasBuTHH YeNOBeyeCKOl WHBHAM3alnn @aktTu4ecku MOmKHO ToBOpUTL, uto ByHwH onmcnIBaeT B cBOéM paccKase Hoseili Ceer (ov0 Tor MHD, OTKYZa UPHOLLI «rocno~HE ua Cax-DpannucKo>; anech rocnogersyer Biacrs zener), Craps Crer (ero sonszomaer Manus — Kompidenb YeNOBeYeCKOi MMBMIMBAMM, XOpOMIO saObEIToe M IpekpacHoe mpo- mimoe; sgecb Upupoga a Kyaprypa naxogatea B rapmonuu), map Bocroxa (wp vannersennrii uv saraqounniii; BcHOMAMTe OAHOrO u3 TepcoHaxel pac- ckaga — saraqounoro Hacme_Noro MpuNNa, MoaBuBIIeroca Ha KopaGme uw TpH- BuiéKIeTO K cebe Takoe BHUMAHNe). Oxmaxko BHuMaTexbHoe ¥reHMe nOKameT, ¥TO Takaa aKécTKaa Kaccmu- Kalua Tooke uckycersenna. B camom xeste, NOueMy Torga Mpomitoe u wTasD- HHCKAS WuBMMusATua caasbiBalorea y Bynuna c o6pasom rapana Kaannna Hepona TaGepua? Man repanst u Tupanua u ecrh mpwauna, npexonperemun- iad yerparanio uw yMuparue venoneueckolt WunMAMaaNnH? > 1. Kak sbi nymaere, c kakoii Wenbio asTop ynommHaeT puMckoro THpaHia Tusepia (THGe- F puss), KMBUIEFO «ABE ThICHYN NeT TOMy Hasan>? 2. B Kakux OTHOLIEHHAX HaXONSTCA COBPEMEHHOCTH M MPoUUinoe B pacckase ByHMHa? 3. 4TO wMeeT B BUAY aBTOP, TOBOPA Oo «ropaLiie HoBoro YenoBexa», cosmaBUero KO- paGnb? Novemy y sToro YenoseKa «cTapoe cepauien? Yenoser u IIpupoga, Tenozer u Rocmoc Cuér Bpemenm B paccKase yér He Ha YacHI HM ANH, a Ha THICHueReTHA, Ha uecropuueckue arloxn. BMecre ¢ TeM sHauHTeeH He TONDKO Bpemenuolt, HO u npocrpaxcrsexHErii Maciira6 us06paménnoro: Bsopy WOBecTBORAaTeNA OTKPEI- BalOTCd OFPOMHBbIe NPOCTpakcTRa; OH BAAUT «cHHMe SBés_BI HEOA>. Jina cosfanua svoii macuraGHocTu MucaTed» ucHOmbayeT pasHEte cmoco- 6nt. Mar yoxe crankuBamuch ¢ TeM, YTO CMBICH paccKkasa CTaHOBUTCA rnyOmRe H sHauHTesBHee, Garosapz CHMBOTMIeCKMM OOpasaM (sHAyeHHe TAKHX OOpasoB npuobperawr MHOrHe XyforecTBeHHBIe jeratH). TaKkoBbI oOpasEr Gymryiomero oKeaHa; «rpomagHoro, Kak yrec», J[baBosa; Kanmrana, Noxo7Kero Ha AsbrIe- Koro ugoma, m Ap. Peansnstit mup, usodpaxéuusiii M. A. BysuHsim, cloBxo cmpoenmponan Ha Mup GecKoHeUHOrO BpeMeHM M IpocrpaHcrBa. 32ShoGas yacrzocrs, moGas netans (aunorb 70 GerroBErx peanuit, onucanuil aByKor, cnera M Iypeta) ms00paxxatoTca ByHMHEIM Ha (one GecKoHeUHOCTH, Crout oSparus BuMManne Ha MyaBIKanpHBe oOpasst paccrasa: sec sBY- “aT CTpyHubii M AyXOBoli OpKecrpbI; Boxkueli Matepu? 2. MOxXHO JIM ToMbKO Ha OCHOBaHUM pacckasa «fOCnogMH U3 CaH-®panuvicxo» npegcra- ene CeGe, BAHT NM aBTOP Nporpecc B YeNoReYECKOI UCTOpHN? 3. Byhi sanucpipaer 8 «[HeBHiKe>: «14-19 (asrycra) nucan pacckas “focnoqun us Cak- @paruncko”. Nnakan nna KoHeU>. Kak BAM K@KETCA, Has] NEM Mor niakaTb aBTop? Tema coumenns Croeo6pasue KoMmosunmm paccrasa . Munu-vecnegosanns 1. B paccxase ke MABHO nlogoGasuier emy>. 4ro HaMe- HT aBTOp B onMcaHMM CMepTn repoA? KakoB, nO-BaLeMy, CMBICN TOM CUeHEI B NepBoii v oKOHYaTeNbHOM pepaKuAX paccKaga? uA pycewoit mreparypa. Keira f 33