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Science 10
Quarter 2 – Module 1:
ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
(The Different Regions of
Electromagnetic Spectrum)
Science – Grade 10
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 5: Title
First Edition, 2020

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Writers: Catherine C. Dela Cruz/, Grace D. Gabito
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Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions,
directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to
understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-test are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each

SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module, or
if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better
understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer
the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each
activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are also
provided to the facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how
they can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any
part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises
and tests. Read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering
the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or
facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the Evidences of Plate Movement. The scope of this module permits it to
be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the
diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module constitutes lessons good for week 1-2.

MELC: Compare the relative wavelengths, frequencies and energies of the different
regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Define electromagnetic spectrum.
2. Identify the different region of electromagnetic spectrum.
3. Discuss the different region of electromagnetic spectrum
4. Compare the wavelength, frequencies and energies of the different regions
of the electromagnetic spectrum.
5. Create a diagram that show the comparison of the wavelength,
frequencies and energies of the different regions of the electromagnetic
spectrum.

What I Know

Direction. Read each question carefully. Choose and encircle your answer.
1. A certain radio station broadcasts at a frequency of 675kHz. What is the
wavelength of the radio waves?

a. 280 m
b. 324 m
c. 400 m
d. 444m
2. What do we call a disturbance in a field that carries energy and does not require
a medium to travel?
a. wavelength
b. electron
c. Electromagnetic wave
d. electrode

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3. The distance measured from one crest of a wave to the next crest or from one
trough to the second trough.
a. wave
b. amplitude
c. electrode
d. wavelength
4. As the frequency of an electromagnetic wave increases, the amount of energy in
that wave _________.
a. increases.
b. decreases.
c. stays the same.
d. None of the above
5. The range of wavelengths or frequencies over which electromagnetic radiation
extends.
a. wavelength
b. electron
c. Electromagnetic wave
d. Electromagnetic spectrum
6. Which two waves lie at the ends of the visible spectrum?
a. Infrared and ultra violet rays.
b. Radio waves and Microwaves.
c. Radio waves and X-rays.
d. X-rays and Gamma rays.
7. In the visible spectrum, which color has the longest wavelength.
a. Blue
b. Green
c. Red
d. Violet
8. Which of the following statements about electromagnetic waves is true?
a. Electromagnetic waves can travel through empty space.
b. Electromagnetic waves can only travel through air or water.
c. All electromagnetic waves travel at about 3,000 m/s.
d. X-rays travel faster than radio waves because they have a higher
frequency.
9. Electromagnetic waves have the same speed and that is equal to the ________.
a. Speed of light
b. Speed of waves
c. Speed of electrons
d. Acceleration
10. Which electromagnetic wave has the lowest frequency?
a. Radio waves
b. Gamma rays
c. Visible light
d. Microwaves

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11. Among the EM waves, the gamma rays have photons of high energies while
_______ waves have photons with the lowest energies.
a. Radio
b. Infrared
c. Microwaves
d. Visible light
12. Which of the following is the correct arrangement of the electromagnetic
spectrum?
a. Infrared, X-ray, Radio waves, Microwave, Ultraviolet, Gamma ray, visible
b. Radio waves, Microwave, Infrared, Visible, Ultraviolet, X-ray, Gamma ray
c. Visible, Radio waves, Infrared, Microwave, Ultraviolet, X-ray, Gamma ray
d. Microwave, Radio waves, Infrared, Visible, Ultraviolet, X-ray, Gamma ray
13. Which type of electromagnetic wave can penetrate solid objects easily?
a. X-ray
b. Infrared
c. Radio wave
d. Microwave
14. Which of the following is the equation of wave speed?
a. v= λf
b. Ws= wf
c. V=Af
d. S= d/t
15. Which property spells the difference between infra-red and ultra-violet
radiation.
a. Color
b. Speed in vacuum
c. wavelength
d. None of the above

Lesson Electromagnetic Spectrum:

Wavelength, Frequency, and Energy
1-2

What’s In

Terrific! You’ve got your brain in gear today! Now, let us check how far you’ve
learned on the previous topic. Are you ready? Try this activity below.

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 ACTIVITY 1. “FILL ME IN!”

Direction: Fill in the blanks.

1. The two types of waves are _____________________________ and __________________.

2. Using the words inside the box label the parts of a wave.

Crest Trough Wavelength

Amplitude Equilibrium position

3. _________________This is a measure from one point of one wave to the

corresponding point on the next wave.

4. _________________ The lowest point on a wave.

5. _________________The highest point of a wave.

6. _________________ This is a distance a wave rises or falls from its equilibrium.

7. _________________ This describes when the wave is at rest position.

What’s New

ACTIVITY 2. “IS IT SAFE STARTER: ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM”

Read the following statements. For each one write if it is True / Partly True /
False.

1. Infrared radiation can kill you?

2. Gamma rays have the shortest wavelength?

3. The sun is the main source of ultraviolet rays?

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 4. X-rays can be detected using photographic plates?

5. Gamma rays have high photons of high energies?

6. Microwaves can be detected using a microwave detector?

Radio waves are the most dangerous wave in the

7.
electromagnetic spectrum?

8. Radio waves have the longest wavelength?

9. Visible light is detected by the human eye?

10. The human eye can detect Gamma rays?

What is It

ACTIVITY 3. “THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM”

Electromagnetic waves extend from radio waves to gamma rays. In between

these extreme values are microwave, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet and x-ray
regions. The electromagnetic spectrum is the wavelength and frequency chart of
these forms of electromagnetic waves.

Objectives:
1. Identify the different region of electromagnetic spectrum;

2. Determine the wavelengths, and frequencies of the different regions of

electromagnetic spectrum.

Materials:
Electromagnetic Spectrum

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Procedure:
1. Look at the electromagnetic spectrum more closely this time. What did you
notice? Are the divisions of the regions distinct? Write your answer on the spaces
provided.
__________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

2. Using the same spectrum, determine the frequency and wavelength

ranges of each of the forms of electromagnetic waves. Enter your data on the
table.

EM Wave Frequency Wavelength

Range (hertz) Range (meters)
Radio Waves 102 – 1012 10-4 -106___
___________ ___________ __________
___________ ___________ __________
___________ ___________ __________
___________ ___________ __________
___________ ___________ __________
___________ ___________ __________

Questions:

1. What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. What is the relationship between frequency and energy?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. What is the relationship between wavelength and energy?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

4. How do you compare the wavelengths of radio waves with that of gamma rays?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

5. How do you compare the frequency of radio waves with the other parts of
electromagnetic spectrum?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
6. How do you compare the energies of the different parts of the electromagnetic
spectrum?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

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 What’s More

Great job! Now, the first part of discovery is unfolded! Do you want to learn more?
Carefully read the guide card and answer the activity 3.

GUIDE CARD

Electromagnetic spectrum

The electromagnetic spectrum is the term used by scientists to

describe the entire range of light that exists. From radio waves to gamma
rays, most of the light in the universe is, in fact, invisible to us Like any other
wave, light has a few fundamental properties that describe it. One is
its frequency, measured in hertz (Hz), which counts the number of waves that
pass by a point in one second. Another closely related property
is wavelength: the distance from the peak of one wave to the peak of the
next. These two attributes are inversely related. The larger the frequency, the
smaller the wavelength – and vice versa.

The EM spectrum is generally divided into seven regions, in order of

decreasing wavelength and increasing energy and frequency. The common
designations are: radio waves, microwaves, infrared (IR), visible light,
ultraviolet (UV), X-rays and gamma rays. Typically, lower-energy radiation,
such as radio waves, is expressed as frequency; microwaves, infrared, visible
and UV light are usually expressed as wavelength; and higher-energy
radiation, such as X-rays and gamma rays, is expressed in terms of energy
per photon.

Lifted from: https://earthsky.org/upl/2012/05/em_spectrum-e1567783651874.png

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Electromagnetic Radiation

Radio waves
Radio waves are at the lowest range of the EM spectrum, with frequencies of up
to about 30 billion hertz, or 30 gigahertz (GHz), and wavelengths greater than
about 10 millimeters (0.4 inches). Radio is used primarily for communications
including voice, data and entertainment media.

Microwaves
Microwaves fall in the range of the EM spectrum between radio and IR. They
have frequencies from about 3 GHz up to about 30 trillion hertz, or 30 terahertz
(THz), and wavelengths of about 10 mm (0.4 inches) to 100 micrometers (μm), or
0.004 inches. Microwaves are used for high-bandwidth communications, radar
and as a heat source for microwave ovens and industrial applications.

Infrared
Infrared is in the range of the EM spectrum between microwaves and visible
light. IR has frequencies from about 30 THz up to about 400 THz and
wavelengths of about 100 μm (0.004 inches) to 740 nanometers (nm), or
0.00003 inches. IR light is invisible to human eyes, but we can feel it as heat if
the intensity is sufficient.

Visible light
Visible light is found in the middle of the EM spectrum, between IR and UV. It
has frequencies of about 400 THz to 800 THz and wavelengths of about 740 nm
(0.00003 inches) to 380 nm (.000015 inches). More generally, visible light is
defined as the wavelengths that are visible to most human eyes.

Ultraviolet
Ultraviolet light is in the range of the EM spectrum between visible light and X-
rays. It has frequencies of about 8 × 1014 to 3 × 1016 Hz and wavelengths of
about 380 nm (.000015 inches) to about 10 nm (0.0000004 inches). UV light is
a component of sunlight; however, it is invisible to the human eye. It has
numerous medical and industrial applications, but it can damage living tissue.

X-rays
X-rays are roughly classified into two types: soft X-rays and hard X-rays. Soft X-
rays comprise the range of the EM spectrum between UV and gamma rays. Soft
X-rays have frequencies of about 3 × 1016 to about 1018 Hz and wavelengths of
about 10 nm (4 × 10−7 inches) to about 100 picometers (pm), or 4 × 10−8 inches.
Hard X-rays occupy the same region of the EM spectrum as gamma rays. The
only difference between them is their source: X-rays are produced by
accelerating electrons, while gamma rays are produced by atomic nuclei.

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Gamma-rays
Gamma-rays are in the range of the spectrum above soft X-rays. Gamma-rays
have frequencies greater than about 1018 Hz and wavelengths of less than 100
pm (4 × 10−9 inches). Gamma radiation causes damage to living tissue, which
makes it useful for killing cancer cells when applied in carefully measured
doses to small regions. Uncontrolled exposure, though, is extremely dangerous
to humans.

What I Have Learned

Activity 3.

Color and complete the diagram/ figure below about the electromagnetic
spectrum by supplying
Lifted from:the correct
Learners moduledata.
Science 10, page 149 Acosta, H. et al

Lifted from: Learners module Science 10,page 149 Acosta, H. et al

Figure no. 1
Lifted from: Learners module Science 10, page 149 Acosta, H. et al.
Lifted from: https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/246853623302330707/

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Question:

What is the relationship between the wavelength frequency and energy of

electromagnetic waves? __________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

What I Can Do

Perfect! You’ve just about to master it! It’s now time to put those learning into
application. Are you excited? Let the work be done!
Activity 4. Draw inside the box the wavelength of the following types of
waves and create an arrow below that illustrates its frequency and
wavelength.

Example Illustration

Radio Microwaves Infrared Visible UV X-Ray Gamma-Ray

Long λ __________________________________________________________ Short λ

Low f _____________________________________________________ High f

How does the evidences of continental drift and sea floor spreading proves
that the plate moves?

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Question:

1. Describe in your own words the wavelength and frequency of the different types
of waves.
_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

Assessment

Congratulations for a job well done! You’re really learning a lot. You did a lot of
work this week! It’s time to sum up what you have learned. Test your knowledge by
completing the paragraph below. Good luck!

Activity 5. Part I. Provide the necessary information to complete the

paragraph.

Electromagnetic spectrum is the term used by the ________________ to

describe the entire range of light that exists. It comprises of _________________,
_________________, ___________________, __________________, ____________________,
_____________________, __________________. Gamma rays has a __________________
frequency and __________________ wavelength while radio waves have a lowest
_________________ and has a longest wavelength.
Part II. Compare the electromagnetic radiation in terms of:

A. Wavelength
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

B. Frequency

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

C. Energy
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

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What’s New
What’s In What I Know
1. Longitudinal, transverse 1. D
2. C
2. 1. wavelength 2. trough 3. amplitude
3. D
4.Crest 5. Equilibrium position 4. A
5. D
3. Wavelength
6. A
4. Trough 7. C
8. A
5. Crest 9. A
6. Amplitude 10. A
7. Equilibrium position 11. A
12. B
13. A
14. A
15. C
Answer Key
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Answer:
The energy of a wave is directly proportional to its frequency, but inversely
proportional to its wavelength. In other words, the greater the energy, the
larger the frequency and the shorter (smaller) the wavelength. Given the
relationship between wavelength and frequency, it follows that short
wavelengths are more energetic than long wavelengths.
What I have learned
EM Wave Frequency Wavelength
Radio Range (hertz) Range (meters)
Waves 102 – 1012 109- 10-4 -106 10-1-
Microwaves - 1010 1011-1014 10-3
Infrared - 1014-1015 10-6-10-3
Visible Light - 1015-1017 10-7-10-3
Ultraviolet - 1017-1019 1018- 10-9-10-7
X-rays 1025 10-12-10-8
Gamma rays 10-17-10-11
What is it?
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Part I.
Electromagnetic spectrum is the term used by the scientists to describe the
entire range of light that exists. It comprises of radio waves, microwaves,
infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma-rays. Gamma-rays has
the highest frequency and shortest wavelength while radio waves has the
lowest frequency and has a longest wavelength.
Assessment
Radio Microwaves Infrared Visible UV X-Ray Gamma-Ray
What I can do
References

Acosta, H., Alvarez, L., Angeles, D., Arre, R., Carmona, M., Garcia, A., Gatpo, A.,
Marcaida, J., Olarte, M., Rosales, M., Salazar, N. (2015). First Edition. Science 10
Learner’s Material. Department of Education. Republic of the Philippines
Articles lifted from https://science.jrank.org/pages/2368/Electromagnetic-
Spectrum.html#ixzz6UmvfnrSLPicture in activity 3: Part I Retrieved August 08,
2020

https://www.livescience.com/38169-electromagnetism.html Retrieved August 08,

2020
Picture in Guide card #1 Retrieved August 08, 2020 from:
“https://earthsky.org/upl/2012/05/em_spectrum-e1567783651874.png

Picture in Activity #3 “Diagram” Retrieved August 05, 2020 from:

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/246853623302330707/

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 EDITOR’S NOTE
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd
SOCCSKSARGEN with the primary objective of preparing for and
addressing the new normal. Contents of this module were based on
DepEd’s Most Essential Competencies (MELC). This is a
supplementary material to be used by all learners of
SOCCSKSARGEN Region in all public schools beginning SY 2020-
2021. The process of LR development was observed in the production
of this module. This is Version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback,
comments, and recommendations.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN
Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)

Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax No.: (083) 228 8825 / (083) 228 1893
Email Address: [email protected]