Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

一元二次方程

Exercise(練習)

1. Convert the following recurring decimals into fractions.

把下列各循環小數化為分數。
(a) 0.7 2
(b) 0.4 18
(a) Let x = 0.7 2 ,
i.e. x = 0.727 272… ……(1)
100x = 72.727 272… ……(2)
(2) – (1), 99x = 72
72
x=
99
8
∴ 0.7 2 =
11

(b) Let x = 0.4 18 ,

i.e. x = 0.418 418… ……(1)
1000x = 418.418 418… ……(2)
(2) – (1), 999x = 418
418
x =
999
418
∴ 0.4 18 =
999

2. Solve the quadratic equation 6x2 + 5x – 6 = 0 using the factor method.

利用因式法解二次方程 6x2 + 5x – 6 = 0。
6x2 + 5x – 6 = 0
(2x + 3)(3x – 2) = 0
2x + 3 = 0 or 3x – 2 =0
3 2
x=  or x=
2 3

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3. Solve the following quadratic equations using the factor method.

利用因式法解下列各二次方程。
(a) 2x2 = 5x
(b) 4x2 – 25 = 0
(a) 2x2 = 5x
2x – 5x = 0
2

x(2x – 5) = 0
x = 0 or 2x – 5 = 0
5
x= 0 or x =
2

(b) 4x2 – 25 = 0
(2x + 5)(2x – 5) = 0
2x + 5 = 0 or 2x – 5 =0
5 5
x=  or x=
2 2

4. Convert the following quadratic equations into the general form ax 2 + bx + c = 0, where a  0. Write
down the values of a, b and c.
把下列各二次方程寫成一般式 ax2 + bx + c = 0，其中 a  0，並找出 a、b 和 c 的值。
(a) 5x2 – 8 = 4x
(b) x(x – 3) + 2 = 0
(c) (3x – 1)2 = 4x
(a) 5x2 – 8 = 4x
5x – 4x – 8
2
=0
∴ a = 5 , b =  4 , c = 8

(b) x(x – 3) + 2 =0
x2 – 3x + 2 =0
∴ a = 1 , b = 3 , c = 2

(c) (3x – 1)2 = 4x

(3x) – 2(3x)(1) + 12
2
= 4x
9x2 – 6x + 1 = 4x
9x2 – 10x + 1 =0
∴ a = 9 , b = 10 , c = 1

5. Form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are –3 and 4.

建立一個以 x 為變數，並以 –3 和 4 為根的二次方程。
∵ x = –3 or x=4
∴ x + 3 = 0 or x – 4 = 0
∴ (x + 3)(x – 4) = 0
x2 – x – 12 = 0

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 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

∴ The required equation is x2 – x – 12 = 0.

6. Solve the quadratic equation (4x – 3)2 – (x + 2)(4x – 3) = 0.

解二次方程 (4x – 3)2 – (x + 2)(4x – 3) = 0。
(4x – 3)2 – (x + 2)(4x – 3) =0
16x – 24x + 9 – (4x2 + 8x – 3x – 6) = 0
2

16x2 – 24x + 9 – 4x2 – 5x + 6 = 0

12x2 – 29x + 15 =0
(4x – 3)(3x – 5) =0
4x – 3 = 0 or 3x – 5 =0
3 5
x= or x=
4 3
Alternative Solution
(4x – 3)2 – (x + 2)(4x – 3) = 0
(4x – 3)[(4x – 3) – (x + 2)] = 0
(4x – 3)(3x – 5) = 0
4x – 3 = 0 or 3x – 5 = 0
3 5
x= or x=
4 3

2 1
7. Find a quadratic equation in x whose roots are  and  .
3 4
2 1
建立一個以 x 為變數，並以  和  為根的二次方程。
3 4
2 1
∵ x =  or x= 
3 4
2 1
∴ x+ =0 or x + =0
3 4
3x + 2 =0 or 4x + 1 =0
∴ (3x + 2)(4x + 1) = 0
12x2 + 11x + 2 = 0
∴ The required equation is 12x2 + 11x + 2 = 0.

8. Find a quadratic equation in x whose roots are two-third of the roots of 3x2 + 10x – 8 = 0.
2
建立一個以 x 為變數的二次方程，而該方程的根是 3x2 + 10x – 8 = 0 的根的 。
3
3x2 + 10x – 8 = 0
(x + 4)(3x – 2) = 0
x + 4 = 0 or 3x – 2 = 0
2
x = –4 or x=
3
2 2 2 8 4
∴ The roots of the required equation are (4)  and  , i.e.  and .
3 3 3 3 9
8 4
∵ x=  or x=
3 9
8 4
∴ x+ =0 or x – =0
3 9

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3x + 8 = 0 or 9x – 4 = 0
∴ (3x + 8)(9x – 4) = 0
27x2 + 60x – 32 = 0
∴ The required equation is 27x2 + 60x – 32 = 0.
2
 2
9. Solve  x    7 and give your answers correct to 3 decimal places.
 3
2
 2
解  x    7 。(答案須準確至三位小數。)
 3
2
 2
x   =7
 3
2
x =  7
3
2 2
x =   7 or   7
3 3
= 1.979 (cor. to 3 d.p.) or 3.312 (cor. to 3 d.p.)

10. Add a number to the following expressions to form perfect squares.

在下列各數式中加上一個數，使之成為一個完全平方。
(a) x2 – 8x
(b) x2 + 5x
2
The number to be added to x2 – 8x is   .
8
(a)
2
2
The required number =  
8
∴ = 16
2

2
The number to be added to x2 + 5x is   .
5
(b)
2
2
The required number =  
5 25
∴ =
2 4

2
 1
11. Solve the equation  x    9 .
 3
2
 1
解方程  x    9 。
 3
2
 1
x   =9
 3
1
x = 3
3
1 1
x =   3 or   3
3 3
8 10
= or 
3 3

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 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

12. Solve the equation x2 – 6x + 1 = 0 by completing the square. (Leave your answers in surd form.)
利用配方法解方程 x2 – 6x + 1 = 0。(答案須以根式表示。)
x2 – 6x + 1 = 0
x2 – 6x = –1
2 2
x2 – 6x +   = –1 +  
6 6
2 2
(x – 3) = 8
2

x – 3=  8
x = 3 8
= 3  2 2 or 3  2 2

13. Solve the equation (x – 1)2 = 5 and leave your answers in surd form.
解方程 (x – 1)2 = 5，並以根式表示答案。
(x – 1)2 = 5
x–1 =  5
x = 1  5 or 1  5

14. Solve the equation x2 – 4x + 3 = 0 by completing the square.

利用配方法解方程 x2 – 4x + 3 = 0。
x2 – 4x + 3 = 0
x2 – 4x = –3
2 2
x2 – 4x +   = –3 +  
4 4
2 2
(x – 2) = 1
2

x – 2 = 1
x =21
= 3 or 1

15. Find the value of k if x2 – 2x + k = 0 has a double real root.

若 x2 – 2x + k = 0 有一個二重實根，求 k 的值。
∵ The equation x2 – 2x + k = 0 has a double real root.
∴ =0
i.e. (–2)2 – 4(1)(k) = 0
4 – 4k = 0
k = 1

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16. Solve 9x2 + 24x + 16 = 0 using the quadratic formula.

利用二次公式解 9x2 + 24x + 16 = 0。
Using the quadratic formula,
 b  b 2  4ac
x=
2a
 24  242  4(9)(16)
=
2(9)
 24  0
=
18
4
= 
3

17. Solve 3x2 + 5x – 2 = 0 using the quadratic formula.

利用二次公式解 3x2 + 5x – 2 = 0。
Using the quadratic formula,
 b  b 2  4ac
x=
2a
 5  5 2  4(3)(2)
=
2(3)
 5  49
=
6
5  7
=
6
1
= or 2
3

18. Solve the equation 5x2 + 7x – 6 = 0 by completing the square.

利用配方法解方程 5x2 + 7x – 6 = 0。
5x2 + 7x – 6 =0
7 6
x2 + x– =0
5 5
7 6
x2 + x =
5 5
2 2
x +   +  
7 7 6 7
x2 + =
5  10  5  10 
2
 7 169
x   =
 10  100
7 13
x = 
10 10
3
x = or 2
5

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 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

19. Solve x2 + 3x + 5 = 0 using the quadratic formula.

利用二次公式解 x2 + 3x + 5 = 0。
Using the quadratic formula,
 b  b 2  4ac
x=
2a
 3  3 2  4(1)(5)
=
2(1)
 3   11
=
2
∵  11 is not a real number.
∴ The equation has no real roots.

20. If the quadratic equation (k – 2)x2 + 5x – 3 = 0 has no real roots, find the range of possible values of k.
若二次方程 (k – 2)x2 + 5x – 3 = 0 沒有實根，求 k 值的可能範圍。
∵ The quadratic equation (k – 2)x2 + 5x – 3 = 0 has no real roots.
∴ 0
i.e. 52 – 4(k – 2)(–3) 0
25 + 12(k – 2)  0
25 + 12k – 24  0
12k  –1
1
k 
12
1
∴ The range of possible values of k is k   .
12

21. Find the discriminant for the following quadratic equations and determine the nature of the roots.
求下列各二次方程的判別式的值，並由此判別它的根的性質。
(a) 5x2 – 2x – 3 = 0
(b) 4x2 – 20x + 25 = 0
(c) 3x2 – 4x + 7 = 0
(a) For 5x2 – 2x – 3 = 0,
 = (–2)2 – 4(5)(–3)
= 64
∵ 0
∴ The equation 5x2 – 2x – 3 = 0 has two distinct real roots.
(b) For 4x2 – 20x + 25 = 0,
 = (–20)2 – 4(4)(25)
= 0
∵  =0
∴ The equation 4x2 – 20x + 25 = 0 has a double real root.
(c) For 3x2 – 4x + 7 = 0,

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Question Bank

 = (–4)2 – 4(3)(7)
= 68
∵ 0
∴ The equation 3x2 – 4x + 7 = 0 has no real roots.

22. If the quadratic equation x2 + 2x + 3k – 2 = 0 has real roots, find the range of possible values of k.
若二次方程 x2 + 2x + 3k – 2 = 0 有實根，求 k 值的可能範圍。
∵ The quadratic equation x2 + 2x + 3k – 2 = 0 has real roots.
∴ 0
i.e. 2 – 4(1)(3k – 2)
2
0
4 – 12k + 8  0
12k  12
k 1
∴ The range of possible values of k is k  1.

23. (a) Plot the graph of y = 2x2 + x – 10 from x = –3 to x = 3.

(a) 繪畫 y = 2x2 + x – 10 在 x = –3 與 x = 3 之間的圖像。
(b) Hence, solve the equation 2x2 + x – 10 = 0 graphically.
(b) 由此，利用圖解法解方程 2x2 + x – 10 = 0。
(a) y = 2x2 + x – 10
x –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3
2x 18 8 2 0 2 8 18
2

x –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3
–1 –1 –1 –1 –1 –10 –10 –1
0 0 0 0 0 0
y 5 –4 –9 –1 –7 0 11
0

(b) The x-intercepts of y = 2x2 + x – 10 are –2.5 and 2.

Therefore, the roots of the equation 2x2 + x – 10 = 0 are –2.5 and 2.

24. Plot the graph of y = –x2 + 2x + 4 from x = –2 to x = 4.

(a) 繪畫 y = –x2 + 2x + 4 在 x = –2 與 x = 4 之間的圖像。
(b) Hence, solve the equation x2 – 2x – 4 = 0 graphically.
(b) 由此，利用圖解法解方程 x2 – 2x – 4 = 0。

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 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

(a) y = –x2 + 2x + 4
x –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4
–x 2
–4 –1 0 –1 –4 –9 –16
2x –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
y –4 1 4 5 4 1 –4

(b) x2 – 2x – 4 =0
–x + 2x + 4
2
=0
The x-intercepts of y = –x2 + 2x + 4 read from the graph are –1.2 and 3.2.
Therefore, the roots of the equation x2 – 2x – 4 = 0 are –1.2 and 3.2.

25. Plot the graph of y = x2 – 6x + 9 from x = 0 to x = 6.

(a) 繪畫 y = x2 – 6x + 9 在 x = 0 與 x = 6 之間的圖像。
(b) Hence, solve the equation x2 – 6x + 9 = 0 graphically.
(b) 由此，利用圖解法解方程 x2 – 6x + 9 = 0。
(a) y = x2 – 6x + 9
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
x2 0 1 4 9 16 25 36
–6 0 –6 –12 –18 –24 –3 –3
x 0 6
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
y 9 4 1 0 1 4 9

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Question Bank

(b) The x-intercept of y = x2 – 6x + 9 is 3.

Therefore, the root of the equation x2 – 6x + 9 = 0 is 3.

26. girl drops a beanbag from the top of a building. After x seconds, it reaches a height of (30 – 5x2) m
above the ground. Find the time taken by the beanbag to reach the ground.
(Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.)
一個豆袋從一座建築物的頂部跌下，並於 x 秒後到達離地面 (30 – 5x2) m 的高度。求該豆袋到達地
面所需的時間。
(答案須準確至三位有效數字。)
When the beanbag reaches the ground, the height is equal to
0 m.
Therefore, we have to solve the quadratic equation
30 – 5x2 = 0.
30 – 5x2 = 0
5x2 = 30
x2 = 6
x = 2.45 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
∴ The time taken by the beanbag to reach the ground is 2.45 s.

27. The product of two consecutive positive even numbers is 16 greater than 16 times of the odd number
between them. Find the two even numbers.
兩個連續正偶數的積較位於它們之間的正奇數的 16 倍大 16。求該兩個偶數。
Let x be the smaller even number,
then x + 2 and x + 1 are the larger even number and the odd number between them respectively.
∴ x(x + 2) = 16(x + 1) + 16
x2 + 2x = 16x + 16 + 16
x2 – 14x – 32 = 0
(x – 16)(x + 2) = 0
x – 16 = 0 or x + 2 = 0
x = 16 or x = –2 (rejected)
When x = 16, x + 2 = 18
∴ The two consecutive positive even numbers are 16 and 18.

28. Mabel pays $54 for a number of stickers. If the price of a sticker is reduced by $1, she can buy 14 more
stickers by paying $10 more. What is the original price of a sticker?

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 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

詠珊用 $54 購買了一些貼紙。若每款貼紙的售價均降低 $1，則詠珊多付 $10 便可多購得 14 款貼

紙。求每款貼紙的原價。
Let $x be the original price of a sticker.
Unit Total No. of
price /$ money stickers
paid /$ bought
Before 54
x 54
reduction x
After 64
x–1 64
reduction x 1
64 54
∴ = + 14
x 1 x
64 54  14x
=
x 1 x
64x = (x – 1)(54 + 14x)
64x = 14x2 + 40x – 54
14x – 24x – 54 = 0
2

7x2 – 12x – 27 =0
(x – 3)(7x + 9) =0
x–3 =0 or 7x + 9 =0
9
x = 3 or x=  (rejected)
7
∴ The original price of a sticker is $3.

29. The height of a triangular label is 6 cm longer than half of its base. The area of the label is 27 cm2. Find
the base and the height of the label.
兩個連續正偶數的積較位於它們之間的正奇數的 16 倍大 16。求該兩個偶數。
Let x cm be the base of the triangular label,
then   6  cm is the height of the triangular label.
x
2 
∵ The area of the label is 27 cm2.
1 x 
∴ ( x)  6  = 27
2 2 
x  x  12 
  = 27
2 2 
x(x + 12) = 108
x2 + 12x – 108 =0
(x – 6)(x + 18) =0
x–6 =0 or x + 18 =0
x = 6 or x = –18 (rejected)
x
When x = 6, 6 =9
2
∴ The base and the height of the label are 6 cm and 9 cm respectively.

30. Sarah and Cherie both travel 200 km in a journey. If Sarah’s driving speed is 10 km/h less than that of
Cherie, Sarah will take 1 hour more than Cherie to complete the journey. Find Cherie’s driving speed.
佩君和慧玲均完成了 200 km 的車程，其中佩君較慧玲多需 1 小時。若佩君的行車速率較慧玲的慢
10 km/h，求慧玲的行車速率。
Let x km/h be Cherie’s driving speed,

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Question Bank

then (x – 10) km/h is Sarah’s driving speed.

200
Time taken for Cherie to travel in the journey = h
x
200
Time taken for Sarah to travel in the journey = h
x  10
200 200
∴ = –1
x x  10
200 200  ( x  10)
=
x x  10
200 210  x
=
x x  10
200(x – 10) = x(210 – x)
200x – 2000 = 210x – x2
x2 – 10x – 2000 = 0
(x – 50)(x + 40) = 0
x – 50 = 0 or x + 40 = 0
x = 50 or x = –40 (rejected)
∴ Cherie’s driving speed is 50 km/h.

31. Given a quadratic equation kx2 + 5x + 4k = 0, where k  0.

已知一個二次方程 kx2 + 5x + 4k = 0，其中 k  0。
(a) Solve the given equation and express your answer in terms of k.
求二次方程 kx2 + 5x + 4k = 0 的解，答案以 k 表示。
(b) If the given equation has two distinct real roots, set up an inequality in k.
若二次方程 kx2 + 5x + 4k = 0 有兩個相異實根，試設立一個以 k 為未知數的不等式。
(c) Hence, by using (b) or otherwise, determine whether the following equations have two distinct real
roots.
由此，利用 (b) 或其他方法，判斷下列各二次方程是否具有兩個相異實根。
(i) 3x2 – 5x + 12 = 0
(ii) 2x2 + 15x + 8 = 0
(a) Using the quadratic formula,
 b  b 2  4ac
x=
2a
 5  5 2  4(k )(4k )
=
2k
 5  25  16k 2
=
2k

(b) ∵ The given equation has two distinct real roots.

∴ >0
i.e. 25 – 16k2 > 0
25
k2 <
16
25
∴ The required inequality is k2 < .
16

(c) (i) 3x2 – 5x + 12 =0

–3x2 + 5x – 12 =0

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 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

(–3)x2 + 5x + 4(–3) = 0
Comparing with the equation kx2 + 5x + 4k = 0,
we have
k = –3
∵ k2 = (–3)2
=9
25
>
16

∴ By (b), the equation 3x2 – 5x + 12 = 0 does not have two distinct real roots.
(ii) 2x2 + 15x + 8 = 0
2 x 2  15x  8
=0
3

x2 + 5x + 4  
2 2
=0
3 3
Comparing with the equation kx2 + 5x + 4k = 0,
we have
2
k=
3
2
=  
2
∵ k2
3
4
=
9
25
<
16

∴ By (b), the equation 2x2 + 15x + 8 = 0 has two distinct real roots.

32.

The figure shows a rectangular piece of paper ABCD. A triangle is cut away from each corner of the paper
to form a quadrilateral PQRS as shown. The length and the width of ABCD are 12 cm and 8 cm
respectively.
圖中所示為一長方形紙張 ABCD。現從紙張的四個角分別切割出一個三角形，以得出一個四邊形
PQRS。長方形 ABCD 的長和闊分別是 12 cm 和 8 cm。
(a) Express the area of PQRS in terms of x.
以 x 表示 PQRS 的面積。
(b) (i) If the area of △APS is 6.75 cm2 less than half the area of △PBQ, find the value of x.
若 △APS 的面積比 △PBQ 的面積的一半小 6.75 cm2，求 x 的值。
(ii) Hence, find the area of PQRS.

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Question Bank

由此，求 PQRS 的面積。

(a) Area of PQRS = area of ABCD – area of △APS
– area of △PBQ – area of △QCR
– area of △RDS
= 12  8  x2  (8  x)(12  x)
1 1
 2 2
1 1 
 x 2  (8  x)(12  x) cm2
2 2 
= [96 – x2 – (8 – x)(12 – x)] cm2
= [96 – x2 – (96 – 20x + x2)] cm2
= (20x  2 x 2 ) cm 2

1
(b) (i) ∵Area of △APS =  area of △PBQ – 6.75 cm2
2
1 1 1
∴ x2 =  (8 – x)(12 – x) – 6.75
2 2 2
2x2 = (96 – 20x + x2) – 27
x + 20x – 69 = 0
2

(x – 3)(x + 23) = 0
x–3 = 0 or x + 23 = 0
x = 3 or x = –23 (rejected)
∴ x= 3

(ii) Area of PQRS = (20x – 2x2) cm2

= [20(3) – 2(3)2] cm2
= 42 cm 2

33. (a) Solve the quadratic equation (4x – 3)(3x + 2) + 5 = 0 using the factor method.
(a) 利用因式法解二次方程 (4x – 3)(3x + 2) + 5 = 0。
(b) Form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are one greater than twice the roots of that in (a).
(b) 建立一個以 x 為變數的二次方程，而該方程的根是 (a) 中的二次方程的根的兩倍加 1。
(a) (4x – 3)(3x + 2) + 5 =0
12x2 – 9x + 8x – 6 + 5 =0
12x2 – x – 1 = 0
(4x + 1)(3x – 1) = 0
4x + 1 =0 or 3x – 1 =0
1 1
x=  or x=
4 3
 
The roots of the required equation are 2      1 and  2   1 , i.e.
1 1 1 5
(b) and .
  4    3  2 3
1 5
∵ x= or x=
2 3
1 5
∴ x =0 or x =0
2 3
2x – 1 = 0 or 3x – 5 =0
∴ (2x – 1)(3x – 5) = 0
6x2 – 13x + 5 = 0
∴ The required equation is 6x2 – 13x + 5 = 0.

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 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

34. Suppose the equation (2k + 1)x2 – 2x – 2 = 0 has real roots.

已知二次方程 (2k + 1)x2 – 2x – 2 = 0 有實根。
(a) Find the range of possible values of k.
求 k 值的可能範圍。
(b) For the minimum value of k obtained in (a),
對於在 (a) 中所得的最小值，
(i) solve the equation (2k + 1)x2 – 2x – 2 = 0,
對於在 (a) 中所得的最小值，
(ii) plot the graph of y = (2k + 1)x2 – 2x – 2 and find the x-intercept(s),
繪畫 y = (2k + 1)x2 – 2x – 2 的圖像，並找出圖像的 x 軸截距；
(iii) describe the relation between the root(s) of the equation (2k + 1)x2 – 2x – 2 = 0 and the
x-intercept(s) of the graph of y = (2k + 1)x2 – 2x – 2.
試描述方程 (2k + 1)x2 – 2x – 2 = 0 的根與 y = (2k + 1)x2 – 2x – 2 的圖像的 x 軸截距之間
的關係。
(a) ∵ The equation (2k + 1)x2 – 2x – 2 = 0 has real roots.
∴ 0
i.e. (–2) – 4(2k + 1)(–2)  0
2

4 + 16k + 8  0
16k  –12
3
k 
4
3
∴ The range of possible values of k is k   .
4

3
(b) From (a), the minimum value of k is  .
4
(i) (2k + 1)x2 – 2x – 2 =0
  3  2
2    1 x – 2x – 2 = 0
  4 
x2
 – 2x – 2 = 0
2
x2 + 4x + 4 = 0
(x + 2)2 = 0
∴ x = 2

(ii) y = (2k + 1)x2 – 2x – 2

 
= 2    1 x2 – 2x – 2
3
y
 4  
2
x
i.e. y =  – 2x – 2
2
x –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1
1 1 1 1
y 4 –2  0  –2  4
2 2 2 2

15
Question Bank

x2
The x-intercept of y =  – 2x – 2 is –2.
2

x2
(iii) The root of the equation  – 2x – 2 = 0 is given by the x-intercept of the graph of
2
x2
y=  – 2x – 2.
2

16
 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

Pre-requisite Questions

預備測驗
1. Factorize r2  rs + ps  pr.
因式分解 r2  rs + ps  pr。
r2  rs + ps  pr
= r(r  s) + p(s  r)
= r(r  s)  p(r  s)
= (r  s)(r  p)

2. Factorize ap + 2aq.
因式分解 ap + 2aq。
ap + 2aq
= a ( p  2q )

3. Factorize 2a  2b  bc + ac.
因式分解 2a  2b  bc + ac。
2a  2b  bc + ac
= 2a  2b + ac  bc
= 2(a  b) + c(a  b)
= (a  b)(2  c)

4. Factorize 3ab  6a2b3c.

因式分解 3ab  6a2b3c。
3ab  6a2b3c
=  3ab(1  2ab2 c)

5. Factorize 4x2  y2.

因式分解 4x2  y2。
4x2  y2
= (2 x  y)(2 x  y)

6. Factorize 2m2 + 20mn + 50n2.

因式分解 2m2 + 20mn + 50n2。
2m2 + 20mn + 50n2
= 2(m2 + 10mn + 25n2)
= 2(m  5n) 2

7. Factorize 2k2  8.
因式分解 2k2  8。
2k2  8
= 2(k2 – 4)
= 2(k  2)(k  2)

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Question Bank

8. Factorize (x + y)(x  1)  (2  x)(x + y).

因式分解 (x + y)(x  1)  (2  x)(x + y)。
(x + y)(x 1)  (2  x)(x + y)
= (x + y)[(x 1)  (2  x)]
= ( x  y)(2 x  3)

9. Factorize (r + s)2  4.
因式分解 (r + s)2  4。
(r + s)2  4
= (r  s  2)(r  s  2)

10. Factorize b  6b2 + 9b3.

因式分解 b  6b2 + 9b3。
b  6b2 + 9b3
= b(1  6b + 9b2)
= b(1  3b) 2

11. Factorize z2  8z + 16.

因式分解 z2  8z + 16。
z2  8z + 16
= ( z  4) 2

12. Factorize k2n  2k2n2 + k3n3.

因式分解 k2n  2k2n2 + k3n3。
k2n 2k2n2 + k3n3
= k 2n(1  2n  kn2 )

13. Factorize a2b2 + 2ab + 1.

因式分解 a2b2 + 2ab + 1。
a2b2 + 2ab + 1
= (ab  1) 2

14. Factorize s2 + 42 + s.

因式分解 s2 + 42 + s。
s2 + 42 + s
= (s2  s  42)
= (s  6)(s  7)

15. Factorize m2  9m + 14.

因式分解 m2  9m + 14。
m2  9m + 14
= (m  2)(m  7)

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 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

16. Factorize 1  k2 + 4kc  4c2.

因式分解 1  k2 + 4kc  4c2。
1  k2 + 4kc  4c2
= 1 – (k2  4kc + 4c2)
= 1 – (k  2c)2
= (1  k  2c)(1  k  2c)

17. Factorize x2  9xy  8y2.

因式分解 x2  9xy  8y2。
x2  9xy  8y2
= (x2 + 9xy + 8y2)
= ( x  8 y)( x  y)

18. Factorize 3p2 + 10pq + 7q2.

因式分解 3p2 + 10pq + 7q2。
3p2 + 10pq + 7q2
= (3 p  7q)( p  q)

19. Factorize 2y2 + 14y + 24.

因式分解 2y2 + 14y + 24。
2y2 + 14y + 24
= 2(y2 + 7y + 12)
= 2( y  4)( y  3)

20. Factorize 6a2 + 5a  4.

因式分解 6a2 + 5a  4。
6a2 + 5a  4
= (3a  4)(2a  1)

21. Factorize t2  t  2.
因式分解 t2  t  2。
t2  t  2
= (t  1)(t  2)

22. Factorize 3cd  3d2 + 6c2.

因式分解 3cd  3d2 + 6c2。
3cd  3d2 + 6c2
= 3(cd – d2 + 2c2)
= 3(2c2 + cd – d2)
= 3(2c  d )(c  d )

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Question Bank

23. Factorize 3h2  14h + 15.

因式分解 3h2  14h + 15。
3h2  14h + 15
= (3h  5)(h  3)

24. Factorize 35c2  3c + 2.

因式分解 35c2  3c + 2。
35c2  3c + 2
= (35c2 + 3c – 2)
= (7c  2)(5c  1)

25. Factorize 4n4  180n2  16n3.

因式分解 4n4  180n2  16n3。
4n4  180n2  16n3
= 4n2(n2 – 45 – 4n)
= 4n2(n2 – 4n – 45)
= 4n 2 (n  5)(n  9)

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 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

Level 1 Questions
程度 1 題目

1. Solve the equation (2x – 3)(3x + 1) = 0.

解二次方程 (2x – 3)(3x + 1) = 0。
(2 x  3)(3x  1)  0
2 x  3  0 or 3x  1  0
3 1
x  or x
2 3

2. Solve the equation 3x2 – 12 = 0.

解二次方程 3x2 – 12 = 0。
3x 2  12  0
x2  4  0
( x  2)( x  2)  0
x20 or x20
x2 or x2

3. Solve the equation 5(3x – 1)(2x + 5) = 0.

解二次方程 5(3x – 1)(2x + 5) = 0。
5(3x  1)(2 x  5)  0
(3x  1)(2 x  5)  0
3x  1  0 or 2 x  5  0
1 5
x  or x
3 2

4. Solve the equation (x – 4)(x + 5) = 0.

解二次方程 (x – 4)(x + 5) = 0。
( x  4)( x  5)  0
x  4  0 or x  5  0
x  4 or x  5

5. Solve the equation 98 – 2x2 = 0.

解二次方程 98 – 2x2 = 0。
98  2 x 2  0
49  x 2  0
(7  x)(7  x)  0
7 x0 or 7x 0
x7 or x7

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Question Bank

6. Solve the equation 2x(x – 1) = 0.

解二次方程 2x(x – 1) = 0。
2 x( x  1)  0
2 x  0 or x 1  0
x  0 or x 1

7. Solve the equation 8x2 – 2x = 0.

解二次方程 8x2 – 2x = 0。
8x 2  2 x  0
2 x(4 x  1)  0
2 x  0 or 4 x  1  0
1
x  0 or x
4

8. Solve the equation (2x – 1)2 – 1 = 0.

解二次方程 (2x – 1)2 – 1 = 0。
(2 x  1) 2  1  0
(2 x  1) 2  1
2 x  1  1 or 2 x  1  1
2 x  2 or 2x  0
x  1 or x0

9. Solve the equation (x + 1)2 = 9.

解二次方程 (x + 1)2 = 9。
( x  1) 2  9
x  1  3 or x  1  3
x  2 or x4

x 2
10. Solve the equation 21   
25
, give your answer in surd form.
 2 2
x 2
解二次方程 21   
25
。(答案以根式表示。)
 2  2
2
 x 25
21   
 2 2
2
 x 25
1   
 2  4
x 5 x 5
1  or 1  
2 2 2 2
x 3 x 7
 or 
2 2 2 2
x   3 or x7

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 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

11. Solve the equation 5x – 15x2 = 0.

解二次方程 5x – 15x2 = 0。
5 x  15x 2  0
5 x(1  3x)  0
5 x  0 or 1  3x  0
1
x  0 or x
3

12. Solve the equation (3 + x)2 = 3, give your answer in surd form.
解二次方程 (3 + x)2 = 3。(答案以根式表示。)
(3  x) 2  3
3 x  3 or 3  x   3
x   3  3 or x  3 3

13. Solve the equation x2 – 4x + 3 = 0 using the factor method.

利用因式法解二次方程 x2 – 4x + 3 = 0。
x 2  4x  3  0
( x  1)( x  3)  0
x  1  0 or x  3  0
x  1 or x3

14. Solve the equation x2 + 6x + 9 = 0 using the factor method.

利用因式法解二次方程 x2 + 6x + 9 = 0。

x2  6x  9  0
( x  3) 2  0
x3  0
x  3

15. Solve the equation –x2 + 3x – 2 = 0 using the factor method.

利用因式法解二次方程 –x2 + 3x – 2 = 0。
 x 2  3x  2  0
x 2  3x  2  0
( x  1)( x  2)  0
x  1  0 or x20
x  1 or x2

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Question Bank

16. Solve the equation x2 – 8x + 16 = 0 using the factor method.

利用因式法解二次方程 x2 – 8x + 16 = 0。

x 2  8 x  16  0
( x  4) 2  0
x40
x4

17. Solve the equation x2 – 11x + 28 = 0 using the factor method.

利用因式法解二次方程 x2 – 11x + 28 = 0。
x 2  11x  28  0
( x  4)( x  7)  0
x  4  0 or x7  0
x  4 or x7

18. Set up a quadratic equation in x whose roots are 2 and –3.

建立一個以 x 為變數，並以 2 和 –3 為根的二次方程。
∵ x  2 or x  3
∴ x  2  0 or x  3  0
∴ ( x  2)( x  3)  0
x2  x  6  0
∴ The required equation is x2 + x  6 = 0.

19. Solve the equation x2 – 7x + 12 = 0 using the factor method.

利用因式法解二次方程 x2 – 7x + 12 = 0。
x 2  7 x  12  0
( x  3)( x  4)  0
x  3  0 or x  4  0
x  3 or x4

20. Solve the equation 4x2 – 20x + 25 = 0 using the factor method.
利用因式法解二次方程 4x2 – 20x + 25 = 0。
4 x 2  20x  25  0
(2 x  5) 2  0
2x  5  0
5
x
2

24
 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

21. Solve the equation –x2 + 2x + 8 = 0 using the factor method.

利用因式法解二次方程 –x2 + 2x + 8 = 0。
 x 2  2x  8  0
x 2  2x  8  0
( x  2)( x  4)  0
x20 or x40
x2 or x4

1
22. Set up a quadratic equation in x whose roots are and 0.
2

1
建立一個以 x 為變數，並以 和 0 為根的二次方程。
2
1
∵ x or x  0
2
1
∴ x   0 or x  0
2
2 x  1  0 or x  0
∴ x(2 x  1)  0
2x2  x  0
∴ The required equation is 2x2  x = 0.

5 7
23. Set up a quadratic equation in x whose roots are  and  .
2 3
5 7
建立一個以 x 為變數，並以  和  為根的二次方程。
2 3
5 7
∵ x or x
2 3
5 7
∴ x 0 or x   0
2 3
2x  5  0 or 3x  7  0
∴ (2 x  5)(3x  7)  0
6 x 2  29x  35  0
∴ The required equation is 6x2 + 29x + 35 = 0.

1 3
24. Set up a quadratic equation in x whose roots are and  .
2 4

1 3
建立一個以 x 為變數，並以 和  為根的二次方程。
2 4
1 3
∵ x or x
2 4
∴ x  1  0 or x  3  0
2 4
2 x  1  0 or 4 x  3  0
∴ (2 x  1)(4 x  3)  0
8x 2  2 x  3  0
∴ The required equation is 8x2 + 2x  3 = 0.

25
Question Bank

25. Solve the equation 3x2 + 2x – 3 = 0 using the quadratic formula.

利用二次公式解 3x2 + 2x – 3 = 0。
Using the quadratic formula,
 2  2 2  4(3)(3)
x
2(3)
 2  40

6
 1  10

3

26. Solve the equation x2 + 7x + 1 = 0 using the quadratic formula.

利用二次公式解 x2 + 7x + 1 = 0。
Using the quadratic formula,
 7  7 2  4(1)(1)
x
2(1)
 7  45

2
73 5

2

27. Solve the equation 8x2 – 14x – 9 = 0 using the factor method.
利用因式法解二次方程 8x2 – 14x – 9 = 0。
8 x 2  14x  9  0
(4 x  9)(2 x  1)  0
4 x  9  0 or 2 x  1  0
9 1
x or x
4 2

28. Solve the equation 5x2 – x – 2 = 0 using the quadratic formula.

利用二次公式解 5x2 – x – 2 = 0。
Using the quadratic formula,
 (1)  (1) 2  4(5)(2)
x
2(5)
1  41

10

29. Solve the equation 6x2 – 7x – 3 = 0 using the factor method.

利用因式法解二次方程 6x2 – 7x – 3 = 0。
6x 2  7 x  3  0
(3x  1)(2 x  3)  0
3x  1  0 or 2 x  3  0
1 3
x or x
3 2

26
 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

30. Solve the equation x2 + 2x + 1 = 0 using the quadratic formula.

利用二次公式解 x2 + 2x + 1 = 0。
. Using the quadratic formula,

 2  2 2  4(1)(1)
x
2(1)
2 0

2
 1

31. Solve the equation 2x2 + 5x – 3 = 0 using the factor method.

利用因式法解二次方程 2x2 + 5x – 3 = 0。
2 x 2  5x  3  0
( x  3)(2 x  1)  0

x3  0 or 2 x  1  0
1
x   3 or x
2

32. Solve the equation 3x2 + 5x – 12 = 0 using the factor method.

利用因式法解二次方程 3x2 + 5x – 12 = 0。
3x 2  5 x  12  0
( x  3)(3x  4)  0

x 30 or 3x  4  0
4
x   3 or x
3

33. Find the discriminant for the equation 5x2 – 7x + 6 = 0 and determine its nature of roots.
求二次方程 5x2 – 7x + 6 = 0 的判別式的值，並由此判別它的根的性質。
For 5x 2  7 x  6  0 ,
  (7) 2  4(5)(6)
  71
∵ <0
∴ The equation 5x 2  7 x  6  0 has no real roots.

34. Find the discriminant for the equation –3x2 + x + 1 = 0 and determine its nature of roots.
求二次方程 –3x2 + x + 1 = 0 的判別式的值，並由此判別它的根的性質。
For  3x 2  x  1  0,
  12  4(3)(1)
 13

∵ >0
∴ The equation  3x 2  x  1  0 has two distinct real roots.

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Question Bank

35. If the roots of the equation –2x2 + 5x + k = 0 are the same, find the value(s) of k.
若 –2x2 + 5x + k = 0 有一個二重實根，求 k 的值。
∵ The roots of the equation  2 x 2  5  k  0 are the same.
∴ =0
i.e. 5  4(2)(k )  0
2

25  8k  0
25
k 
8

36. Find the discriminant for the equation 2x2 + 5x + 1 = 0 and determine its nature of roots.
求二次方程 2x2 + 5x + 1 = 0 的判別式的值，並由此判別它的根的性質。
For 2 x 2  5x  1  0,
  5 2  4(2)(1)
 17
∵ >0
∴ The equation 2 x 2  5x  1  0 has two distinct real roots.

37. Find the range of possible values of k if the equation x2 + x + k = 0 has no real roots.
若二次方程 x2 + x + k = 0 沒有實根，求 k 值的可能範圍。
∵ The equation x 2  x  k  0 has no real roots.
∴ <0
i.e. 12  4(1)(k )  0
1  4k  0
4k  1
1
∴ k
4

38. Find the discriminant for the equation 9x2 + 42x + 49 = 0 and determine its nature of roots.
求二次方程 9x2 + 42x + 49 = 0 的判別式的值，並由此判別它的根的性質。
For 9 x 2  42x  49  0 ,
  422  4(9)(49)
0
∵ =0
∴ The equation 9 x 2  42x  49  0 has a double real root.

39. Find the range of possible values of k if the equation 3x2 – 2x + k + 2 = 0 has two distinct real roots.
若二次方程 3x2 – 2x + k + 2 = 0 有兩個相異實根，求 k 值的可能範圍。
∵ The equation 3x 2  2x  k  2  0 has two distinct real roots.
∴ >0
i.e. (2) 2  4(3)(k  2)  0
4  12k  24  0
12k  20
5
k
3

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 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

40. Find the values of k if the equation 3x2 + (k + 1)x + 12 = 0 has a double real root.
若 3x2 + (k + 1)x + 12 = 0 有一個二重實根，求 k 的值。
∵ The equation 3x 2  (k  1) x  12  0 has a double real root.
∴ =0
i.e. (k  1)  4(3)(12)  0
2

k 2  2k  1  144  0
k 2  2k  143  0
(k  11)(k  13)  0
k  11  0 or k  13  0
∴ k  11 or k   13

41. Solve the equation x2 + x – 6 = 0 using the graph below.

(Give your answer correct to 1 decimal place.)
根據以下的圖像，利用圖解法解方程 x2 + x – 6 = 0。(答案須準確至一位小數。)

From the graph, the x-intercepts of y  x 2  x  6 are 3.0 (cor. to 1 d.p.) and 2.0 (cor. to 1 d.p.).
Therefore, the roots of the equation x 2  x  6  0 are 3.0 (cor. to 1 d.p.) and 2.0 (cor. to 1 d.p.).

42. Solve the equation x2 – 6x + 11 = 0 using the graph below.

根據以下的圖像，利用圖解法解方程 x2 – 6x + 11 = 0。

x 2  6 x  11  0
Multiplying the equation by 1, we have
x2 + 6x  11 = 0
∴ The roots of the equations x2  6x + 11 = 0 and
x2 + 6x  11 = 0 are the same.
The graph of y = x2 + 6x  11 does not intersect the x-axis.
Therefore, the equation x2 + 6x  11 = 0 has no real roots.
Hence, the equation x2  6x + 11 = 0 has no real roots.

29
Question Bank

43. Solve the equation –2x2 + 11x + 12 = 0 using the graph below.
(Give your answer correct to 1 decimal place.)
根據以下的圖像，利用圖解法解方程 –2x2 + 11x + 12 = 0。(答案須準確至一位小數。)

 2 x 2  11x  12  0
Dividing the equation by 2, we have
11
 x2  x6  0
2
11
∴ The roots of the equations  2x 2  11x  12  0 and  x 2  x60 are the same.
2
11
From the graph, the x-intercepts of y   x 2  x6 are 0.9 (cor. to 1 d.p.) and 6.6 (cor. to 1 d.p.).
2
11
Therefore, the roots of the equation  x 2  x60 are 0.9 (cor. to 1 d.p.) and 6.6 (cor. to 1 d.p.).
2
Hence, the roots of the equation  2x 2  11x  12  0 are 0.9 (cor. to 1 d.p.) and 6.6 (cor. to 1 d.p.).

44. Solve the equation x2 – 8x + 16 = 0 using the graph below.

(Give your answer correct to 1 decimal place.)
根據以下的圖像，利用圖解法解方程 x2 – 8x + 16 = 0。(答案須準確至一位小數。)

x2  8x + 16 = 0
Multiplying the equation by 2, we have
2x2  16x + 32 = 0
∴ The roots of the equations x2  8x + 16 = 0 and
2x2  16x + 32 = 0 are the same.
From the graph, the x-intercept of y = 2x2  16x + 32 is 4 (cor. to 1 d.p.).
Therefore, the root of the equation 2x2  16x + 32 = 0 is 4 (cor. to 1 d.p.).
Hence, the root of the equation x2  8x + 16 = 0 is 4 (cor. to 1 d.p.).

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 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

45. The figure shows the graph of y = 2x2 + (m + 1)x + 2.

圖中所示為 y = 2x2 + (m + 1)x + 2 的圖像。
(a) Find the value(s) of m.
求 m 的值。
(b) Find the coordinates of P.
求 P 的坐標。
(a) From the graph, y  2 x 2  (m  1) x  2 touches the x-axis.
∴ The equation 2x2 + (m + 1)x + 2 = 0 has a double real root.
∴ =0
i.e. (m  1)  4(2)(2)  0
2

m 2  2m  15  0
(m  5)(m  3)  0
m + 5 = 0 or m – 3 = 0
m = 5 or m=3
When m = 5, y  2 x 2
 4x  2
 2( x  1) 2
∴ Its graph touches the positive x-axis.
When m = 3, y  2 x 2  4 x  2
 2( x  1) 2
∴ Its graph touches the negative x-axis.
∴ m = 3 is rejected.
∴ m  5
(b) Let (a, 0) be the coordinates of P.
∴ 0  2a 2  4a  2
a 2  2a  1  0
(a  1) 2  0
a 1
∴ The coordinates of P is (1, 0).

46. $4000 was shared equally among a certain number of people. If 3 more people share the amount, each
will get $300 less. Find the original number of people.
當把 $4000 平均分給一組人士時，若人數較原來的多 3 人，則每人分得的金額將較原來的少
$300。求該組人士的數目。
Let x be the original number of people.
4000 4000
∴  300 
x x3
40( x  3)  3 x( x  3)  40x
40x  120  3 x 2  9 x  40x
x 2  3 x  40  0
( x  5)( x  8)  0
x – 5 = 0 or x + 8 = 0
x = 5 or x = 8 (rejected)
∴ The original number of people is 5.

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Question Bank

47. If the graph of y = kx2 + 3x + 1 touches the x-axis, find the value of k.
若 y = kx2 + 3x + 1 的圖像與 x 軸只相交於一點，求 k 的值。
∵ The graph of y = kx2 + 3x + 1 touches the x-axis.
∴ The equation kx2 + 3x + 1 = 0 has a double real root.
∴ =0
i.e. 3 2  4(k )(1)  0
9  4k  0
9
k
4

48. The product of two consecutive positive integers is 342. Find the smaller integer.
兩個連續正整數的積是 342。求較小的數。
Let x be the smaller integer,
then x + 1 is the larger integer.
x( x  1)  342
x  x  342  0
2

( x  18)( x  19)  0
x  18  0 or x  19  0
x  18 or x  19 ( r e j e c t e d )
∴ The smaller integer is 18.

49. If a ball is thrown vertically upwards, its height above the ground after x seconds is given by
(20 + 6x  3x2) m.
把一個球垂直向上抛起，它在 x 秒後離地面的高度是 (20 + 6x  3x2) m。
(a) Find the height of the ball after 3 seconds.
求該球在 3 秒後離地面的高度。
(b) When will the ball be at 5 m above the ground?
(Give your answer correct to 3 decimal places.)
問在甚麼時候，球會離地面 5 m？(答案須準確至三位小數。)
(a) The height of the ball after 3 seconds
 [20  6(3)  3(3) 2 ] m
 11 m

(b) When the ball is 5 m above the ground, we have

20  6 x  3 x 2  5
3x 2  6 x  15  0
x2  2x  5  0
Using the quadratic formula,
 (2)  (2)2  4(1)(5)
x
2(1)
= 3.449 (cor. to 3 d.p.) or 1.449 (rejected)
∴ The ball will be at 5 m above the ground after 3.449 seconds.

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 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

50. The height of a solid cylinder is 4 cm. If its total surface area is 24π cm2, find its radius.
一個圓柱體的高度是 4 cm。若該圓柱體的總表面面積是 24π cm2，求
它的半徑。
Let r cm be the radius of the cylinder.
∵ Total surface area = 24 cm2
∴ 2rl  2r 2  24
2r (4)  2r 2  24
r 2  4r  12  0
(r  2)(r  6)  0
r 20 o r r 60
r2 or r  6 ( r e j e c t e d )
∴ The radius of the cylinder is 2 cm.

33
Question Bank

Level 2 Questions
程度 2 題目

1. Solve the equation (x + 2)2 = (2x + 1)2.

解二次方程 (x + 2)2 = (2x + 1)2。

( x  2) 2  (2 x  1) 2
x2  4x  4  4x2  4x  1
3x 2  3  0
3( x 2  1)  0
x2  1  0
x2  1
x  1

2. Solve the equation x2 + 17 = (2x + 7)2.

解二次方程 x2 + 17 = (2x + 7)2。
x 2  17  (2 x  7) 2
x 2  17  4 x 2  28x  49
3x 2  28x  32  0
(3x  4)( x  8)  0
3x + 4 = 0 or x + 8 = 0
4
x or x  8
3

3. Solve the equation (3x – 1)2 = 3x – 1.

解二次方程 (3x – 1)2 = 3x – 1。

(3x  1) 2  3x  1
(3x  1) 2  (3x  1)  0
(3x  1)(3 x  1  1)  0
(3x  1)(3x  2)  0

3x  1  0 or 3x  2  0
1 2
x or x
3 3

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 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

4. Solve the equation 2(2x + 3)2 + 6x + 7 = 0.

解二次方程 2(2x + 3)2 + 6x + 7 = 0。
2(2 x  3) 2  6 x  7  0
2(4 x 2  12x  9)  6 x  7  0
8 x 2  30x  25  0
(4 x  5)(2 x  5)  0
4x  5  0 or 2 x  5  0
5 5
x or x
4 2

5. Solve the equation x2 + 2x + 5 = (3x + 5)2.

解二次方程 x2 + 2x + 5 = (3x + 5)2。
x 2  2 x  5  (3 x  5) 2
x 2  2 x  5  9 x 2  30x  25
8 x 2  28x  20  0
2x 2  7x  5  0
(2 x  5)( x  1)  0
2x + 5 = 0 or x + 1 = 0

6. Solve the equation 3x(2x + 5) = 2(x – 1).

解二次方程 3x(2x + 5) = 2(x – 1)。
3x(2 x  5)  2( x  1)
6 x 2  15x  2 x  2
6 x 2  13x  2  0
(6 x  1)( x  2)  0
6x + 1 = 0 or x + 2 = 0
1
x or x  2
6

7. Solve the equation (3x – 2)(2x + 1) = 5.

解二次方程 (3x – 2)(2x + 1) = 5。
(3 x  2)(2 x  1)  5
6x 2  x  2  5
6x 2  x  7  0
(6 x  7)( x  1)  0
6x – 7 = 0 or x + 1 = 0
7
x or x  1
6

35
Question Bank

8. Solve the equation (5x + 2)2 + (3x – 1)2 = 40, give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.
解二次方程 (5x + 2)2 + (3x – 1)2 = 40，並取答案準確至三位有效數字。
(5 x  2) 2  (3x  1) 2  40
25x 2  20x  4  9 x 2  6 x  1  40
34x 2  14x  35  0
Using the quadratic formula,
 14  142  4(34)(35)
x
2(34)
 7  1239

34
  1.24 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.) or 0.83 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

9. Solve the equation (x + 1)(x – 3) = (x + 1)(2x + 3).

解二次方程 (x + 1)(x – 3) = (x + 1)(2x + 3)。
( x  1)( x  3)  ( x  1)(2 x  3)
( x  1)(2 x  3)  ( x  1)( x  3)  0
( x  1)(2 x  3  x  3)  0
( x  1)( x  6)  0
x 1 0 or x  6  0
x   1 or x6

10. Solve the equation (4x + 3)2 – (5x + 1)2 = 0.

解二次方程 (4x + 3)2 – (5x + 1)2 = 0。
(4 x  3) 2  (5 x  1) 2  0
(4 x  3  5 x  1)(4 x  3  5 x  1)  0
(9 x  4)( x  2)  0
9x + 4 = 0 or – x + 2 = 0
4
x or x2
9

11. (a) Solve the equation y2 + 4y + 3 = 0.

解二次方程 y2 + 4y + 3 = 0。
(b) Hence solve the equation (2x + 1)2 + 4(2x + 1) + 3 = 0.
由此，解二次方程 (2x + 1)2 + 4(2x + 1) + 3 = 0。
(a) y2  4y  3  0
( y  3)( y  1)  0
y 30 or y  1  0
y3 or y  1

(b) (2 x  1) 2  4(2 x  1)  3  0
By substituting y = 2x + 1 into the equation, we have
y2  4y  3  0
y = 3 or y = 1 (by (a))
∵ y = 2x + 1
∴ 2 x  1  3 or 2 x  1  1
x  2 or x  1

36
 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

(P01C01L04Q012)
12. (a) Solve the equation 4y2 + 7y  2 = 0.
解二次方程 4y2 + 7y  2 = 0。
4 7
(b) Hence solve the equation  2 0.
x2 x
由此，解二次方程
(a) 4 y2  7 y  2  0
(4 y  1)( y  2)  0
4y 1 = 0 or y + 2 = 0
1
y or y  2
4

4 7
(b)  20
x2 x
1
By substituting y  ( x  0) into the equation, we have
x
4y2  7y  2  0
1
y or y = 2 (by (a))
4
1
∵ y
x
1 1 1
∴  or  2
x 4 x
1
x4 or x
2

13. Set up a quadratic equation in x whose roots are a and 1 – a.

建立一個以 x 為變數，並以 a 和 1 – a 為根的二次方程。
∵ x=a or x=1a
∴ xa=0 or x  (1  a) = 0
( x  a)[ x  (1  a)]  0
x 2  ax  (1  a) x  a(1  a)  0
x 2  x  a(1  a)  0
∴ The required equation is x 2  x  a(1  a)  0 .

14. Set up a quadratic equation in x whose roots are 3 and  3 .

建立一個以 x 為變數，並以 3 和  3 為根的二次方程。
∵ x  3 or x 3
∴ x 3 0 or x 3 0
∴ ( x  3 )( x  3 )  0
x2  3  0
∴ The required equation is x2  3 = 0.

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Question Bank

15. Set up a quadratic equation in x whose roots are the reciprocals of the roots of x2 – 5x + 4 = 0.
建立一個以 x 為變數的二次方程，而該方程的根是 x2 – 5x + 4 = 0 的根的倒數。
x 2  5x  4  0
( x  4)( x  1)  0
x=4 or x = 1
1
∴ The roots of the required equation are and 1.
4
1
∵ x or x=1
4
1
∴ x
0 or x1=0
4
4x  1 = 0 or x1=0
∴ (4 x  1)( x  1)  0
4 x 2  5x  1  0
∴ The required equation is 4 x 2  5x  1  0 .

16. Solve the equation 2x2 – 11x – 5 = 0 by completing the square.

利用配方法解方程 2x2 – 11x – 5 = 0。
2 x 2  11x  5  0
11 5
x2  x 
2 2
2 2
11  11  5  11 
x2  x    
2 4 2 4
2
 11  161
x   
 4 16
11 161
x 
4 4
11  161 11  161
x or
4 4

17. Set up a quadratic equation in x whose roots are twice of the roots of 3x2 + 4x – 15 = 0.
建立一個以 x 為變數的二次方程，而該方程的根是 3x2 + 4x – 15 = 0 的根的兩倍。
3x 2  4 x  15  0
(3x  5)( x  3)  0
5
x or x= 3
3
5 10
∴ The roots of the required equation are 2  and 2(–3), i.e. and –6.
3 3
10
∵ x or x = –6
3
10
∴ x 0 or x+6=0
3
3x 10 = 0 or x+6=0
(3x  10)( x  6)  0
∴
3x 2  8 x  60  0
∴ The required equation is 3x2 + 8x – 60 = 0.

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 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

18. If the equation 2x(1 – 2kx) = 3x + 2k has no real roots, set up an inequality in k.
若二次方程 2x(1 – 2kx) = 3x + 2k 沒有實根，試建立一個以 k 為變數的不等式。
2 x(1  2kx)  3x  2k
2 x  4kx 2  3x  2k
4kx 2  x  2k  0
∵ The equation has no real roots.
∴ <0
12  4(4k )(2k )  0
1  32k 2  0
32k 2  1  0
∴ The required inequality in k is 32k2  1 > 0.

19. Set up a quadratic equation in x whose roots are one-third of the roots of 5x2 – x – 6 = 0.
1
建立一個以 x 為變數的二次方程，而該方程的根是 5x2 – x – 6 = 0 的根的 。
3
5x 2  x  6  0
(5 x  6)( x  1)  0

6
x or x = -1
5

16 1 2 1
∴ The roots of the required equation are   and (1) , i.e. and  .
35 3 5 3
2 1
∴ x or x
5 3
2 1
∴ x
0 or x 0
5 3
5x  2 = 0 or 3x + 1 = 0
∴ (5 x  2)(3x  1)  0
15x 2  x  2  0
∴ The required equation is 15x2 - x -2 = 0.

20. Solve the equation x2 + 6x + 1 = 0 by completing the square.

利用配方法解方程 x2 + 6x + 1 = 0。
x 2  6x  1  0
x 2  6 x  1
2 2
6 6
x 2  6 x     1   
2 2
( x  3) 2  8
x  3  2 2
x   3  2 2 or  3  2 2

39
Question Bank

21. Solve the equation x2 – 9x + 9 = 0 by completing the square.

利用配方法解方程 x2 – 9x + 9 = 0。
x 2  9x  9  0
x 2  9 x  9
2 2
9 9
x 2  9 x     9   
2 2
2
 9 45
x   
 2  4
9 3 5
x 
2 2
93 5 93 5
x or
2 2

22. Solve the equation x2 + 4x + 2 = 0 by completing the square.

利用配方法解方程 x2 + 4x + 2 = 0。
x 2  4x  2  0
x 2  4 x  2
2 2
4 4
x 2  4 x     2   
 
2 2
( x  2) 2  2
x2 2
x   2  2 or  2  2

23. Solve the equation 3x2 – 10x – 1 = 0 by completing the square.

利用配方法解方程 3x2 – 10x – 1 = 0。
3 x 2  10x  1  0
10 1
x2  x
3 3
2 2
10 5 1 5
x2  x    
3 3 3 3
2
 5 28
x   
 3 9
5 2 7
x 
3 3
52 7 52 7
x or
3 3

40
 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

24. If the equation kx2 – 5x – k = 3(x2 – 5) has two distinct real roots, set up an inequality in k.
若二次方程 kx2 – 5x – k = 3(x2 – 5) 有兩個相異實根，試建立一個以 k 為變數的不等式。
kx 2  5 x  k  3( x 2  5)
kx 2  5 x  k  3x 2  15
(k  3) x  5 x  (15  k )  0
2

∵ The equation has two distinct real roots.

∴ >0
(5) 2  4(k  3)(15  k )  0
25  4(k 2  18k  45)  0
25  4k 2  72k  180  0
4k 2  72k  205  0
∴ The required inequality in k is 4k2  72k + 205 > 0.

25. Given that the equation 5(x2 – 3x + 4) = 6(x2 – x + k) has no real roots.
已知方程 5(x2 – 3x + 4) = 6(x2 – x + k) 沒有實根，
(a) Find the range of possible values of k.
求 k 值的可能範圍；
(b) Find the minimum value of k if k is an integer.
若 k 是一個整數，求 k 的最小值。
(a) 5(x2  3x + 4) = 6(x2  x + k)
5x2  15x + 20 = 6x2  6x + 6k
x2 + 9x + (6k  20) = 0
∵ The equation has no real roots.
∴ <0
92  4(1)(6k  20) < 0
81  4(6k  20) < 0
161  24k < 0
161
k
24
161
∴ The range of possible values of k is k  .
24

161
(b)  6.71 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
24
∴ The minimum value of k is 7 if k is an integer.

26. Given that the equation (5x – 4)(3x + 1) = 6(x – k) has two distinct real roots.
已知方程 (5x – 4)(3x + 1) = 6(x – k) 有兩個相異實根，
(a) Find the range of possible values of k.
求 k 值的可能範圍；
(b) Find the maximum value of k if k is an integer.
若 k 是一個整數，求 k 的最大值。
(a) (5x  4)(3x + 1) = 6(x  k)
15x2  7x  4 = 6x  6k
15x  13x + (6k  4) = 0
2

∵ The equation has two distinct real roots.

∴ >0
(13)2  4(15)(6k  4) > 0
169  60(6k  4) > 0

41
Question Bank

409  360k > 0

409
k
360
409
∴ The range of possible values of k is k  .
360

409
(b)  1.136 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
360
∴ The maximum value of k is 1 if k is an integer.

27. By using the graph below, state the number of roots of the equation kx2 + 3x + 2 = 0 and hence find the
range of possible values of k.
根據以下的圖像，寫出方程 kx2 + 3x + 2 = 0 的實根的數目。由此，求 k 值的可能範圍。

The number of roots = 2

∵ The equation has two distinct real roots.
∴ >0
32  4(k)(2) > 0
9  8k > 0
9
k
8
9
∴ The range of possible values of k is k  .
8

28. By using the graph below, state the number of roots of the equation x 2 – 5x + k – 1 = 0 and hence find
the range of possible values of k.
根據以下的圖像，寫出方程 x2 – 5x + k – 1 = 0 的實根的數目。由此，求 k 值的可能範圍。

The number of roots = 0

∵ The equation has no real roots.
 ∴ <0

42
 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

(5)2  4(1)(k  1) < 0

25  4k + 4 < 0
29  4k < 0
29
k
4
29
∴ The range of possible values of k is k .
4

1 2 1
29. By using the graph below, state the number of roots of the equation x + kx + = 0 and hence
2 2
find the values of k.
1 2 1
根據以下的圖像，寫出方程 x + kx + = 0 的實根的數目。由此，求 k 值的可能範圍。
2 2

1 2 1
x  kx  0
2 2
3 2 3
x  3kx  0
2 2
3 2 3
∵ The graph of y  x  3kx  cuts the x-axis at only one point.
2 2
1 2 1
∴ The equation x  kx   0 has a double real root.
2 2
∴ =0
 1  1 
k 2  4    0
 2  2 
k 2 1 0
k 2 1
k  1 or k  1

30. (a) Find the discriminant of the equation 2x2 + kx + k2 = 0.

求二次方程 2x2 + kx + k2 = 0 的判別式的值。
(b) Hence, find the number of x-intercept(s) of the graph of y = 2x2 + kx + k2.
由此，求 y = 2x2 + kx + k2 的圖像中 x 軸截距的數目。
(a)   k 2  4(2)(k 2 )
 k 2  8k 2
  7k 2

(b) ∵ k2  0 for all k

∴  7k 2  0
∴  0

43
Question Bank

∴ The equation 2x2 + kx + k2 = 0 has no real roots or a double real root.

∴ The number of x-intercepts of the graph of
y = 2x2 + kx + k2 is 0 or 1.

31. If the graph of y = –3x2 – 5x + 4k – 3 cuts the x-axis at two different points, find the range of possible
values of k.
若 y = –3x2 – 5x + 4k – 3 的圖像與 x 軸相交於兩點，求 k 值的可能範圍。
∵ The graph of y = 3x2  5x + 4k  3 cuts the x-axis at two different points.
 ∴ The equation 3x2  5x + 4k  3 = 0 has two distinct real roots.
 ∴ >0
(5)2  4(3)(4k  3) > 0
25 + 48k  36 > 0
48k  11 > 0
11
k
48
11
 ∴ The range of possible values of k is k  .
48

32. If the graph of y = 4x2 + 3x + k cuts the x-axis at two different points, find the range of possible values
of k.
若 y = 4x2 + 3x + k 的圖像與 x 軸相交於兩點，求 k 值的可能範圍。
∵ The graph of y = 4x2 + 3x + k cuts the x-axis at two different points.
 ∴ The equation 4x2 + 3x + k = 0 has two distinct real roots.
 ∴ >0
32  4(4)(k) > 0
9  16k > 0
9
k
16
9
 ∴ The range of possible values of k is k  .
16

3 2
33. If the graph of y = – x + x + k – 1 does not intersect the x-axis, find the range of possible values of k.
4
3 2
若 y=– x + x + k – 1 的圖像與 x 軸並不相交，求 k 值的可能範圍。
4
3 2
∵ The graph of y   x  x  k  1 does not intersect the x-axis.
4
3 2
 ∴ The equation  x  x  k  1  0 has no real roots.
4
 ∴ <0
3
12  4( )(k  1)  0
4
1  3k  3  0
3k  2  0
2
k
3
2
 ∴ The range of possible values of k is k  .
3

44
 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

34. Given that the graph of y = 2x2 – (m + 2)x + 2 touches the x-axis.
已知 y = 2x2 – (m + 2)x + 2 的圖像與 x 軸只相交於一點。
(a) Find the two values of m.
求 m 的兩個可能值。
(b) For each of the values of m, solve the equation 2x2 – (m + 2)x + 2 = 0.
對於每個 m 值，解方程 2x2 – (m + 2)x + 2 = 0。
(a) ∵ The graph of y = 2x2  (m + 2) x + 2 touches the x-axis.
∴ The equation 2x2  (m + 2) x + 2 = 0 has a double real root.
∴ =0
[(m + 2)]2  4(2)(2) = 0
m2 + 4m + 4  16 = 0
m2 + 4m  12 = 0
(m + 6)(m  2) = 0
m+6=0 or m – 2 = 0
m = 6 or m= 2

(b) For m = 6, the equation is

2x2  (6 + 2) x + 2 = 0
2x2 + 4x + 2 = 0
2(x + 1)2 = 0
∴ x = 1
For m = 2, the equation is
2x2  (2 + 2) x + 2 = 0
2x2  4x + 2 = 0
2(x  1)2 = 0
∴ x= 1

k
35. If the graph of y = 3x2 + 8x – does not intersect the x-axis, find the range of possible values of k.
5
k
若 y = 3x2 + 8x – 的圖像與 x 軸並不相交，求 k 值的可能範圍。
5
k
∵ The graph of y  3x 2  8 x  does not intersect the x-axis.
5
k
 ∴ The equation 3x 2  8 x   0 has no real roots.
5
 ∴ <0
k
8 2  4(3)( )  0
5
12
64  k 0
5
80
k
3
80
 ∴ The range of possible values of k is k   .
3

45
Question Bank

36. Given that the graph of y = 16px2 – 8(3p + 2)x – 1 touches the x-axis.
已知 y = 16px2 – 8(3p + 2)x – 1 的圖像與 x 軸只相交於一點。
(a) Find the two values of p.
求 p 的兩個可能值。
(b) For each of the values of p, solve the equation 16px2 – 8(3p + 2)x – 1 = 0.
對於每個 p 值，解方程 16px2 – 8(3p + 2)x – 1 = 0。
(a) ∵ The graph of y = 16px2  8(3p + 2)x  1 touches the x-axis.
∴ The equation 16px2  8(3p + 2)x  1 = 0 has a double real root.
∴ =0
[8(3p + 2)]2  4(16p)(1) = 0
64(9p2 + 12p + 4) + 64p = 0
9p2 + 13p + 4 = 0
(9p + 4)(p + 1) = 0
9p + 4 = 0 or p + 1 = 0
4
p or p  1
9

4
(b) For p   , the equation is
9
4 4
16( ) x 2  8[3( )  2]x  1  0
9 9
64 2 16
 x  x 1 0
9 3
64x 2  48x  9  0
(8 x  3) 2  0
3
x
8
For p = 1, the equation is
16(1) x 2  8[3(1)  2]x  1  0
 16x 2  8 x  1  0
16x 2  8 x  1  0
(4 x  1) 2  0
1
x
4

37. In a journey, a car travels a distance of 300 km at a uniform speed. If the speed of the car is increased by
10 km/h, it takes one hour less to complete the journey. Find the original speed of the car.
一輛汽車須完成 300 km 的路程。若駕駛者把速率增加 10 km/h，則可節省 1 小時的行車時間。
求原來的速率。
Let x km/h be the original speed of the car.
300
Time taken for the car to travel at the original speed  h
x
300
Time taken for the car to travel after the speed increased  h
x  10

46
 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

300 300
∴  1
x x  10
300 300  x  10

x x  10
300x  3000  x 2  310x
x 2  10x  3000  0
( x  50)( x  60)  0
x – 50 = 0 or x + 60 = 0
x = 50 or x = – 60 (rejected)
∴ The original speed is 50 km/h.

38. John and Peter are cycling from town A to town B, where the two towns are 20 km apart. Given that
John is 4 km/h faster than Peter, and Peter takes 50 minutes longer than John to finish the journey.
Find their speeds.
俊華及志達由城市 A 踏單車到城市 B，而兩個城市的距離是 20 km。已知俊華的速率較志達快 4
km/h，而志達完成旅程的時間較俊華多需 50 分鐘。求他們的速率。
Let x km/h be the speed of Peter, then (x + 4) km/h is the speed of John.
20
Time taken for Peter to travel from town A to town B  h
x
20
Time taken for John to travel from town A to town B  h
x4
20 20 50
∴  
x x  4 60
20 120  5 x  20

x 6( x  4)
120x  480  5 x 2  140x
5 x 2  20x  480  0
x 2  4 x  96  0
( x  8)( x  12)  0
x – 8 = 0 or x + 12 = 0
x = 8 or x = – 12 (rejected)
When x = 8, x + 4 = 12
∴ The speed of Peter is 8 km/h and the speed of John is 12 km/h.

1
39. If the sum of two numbers is 36 and the sum of their reciprocals is , find the two numbers.
5
1
已知兩個數之和是 36，而它們的倒數之和是 。求該兩個數。
5
Let x be one of the two numbers, then 36  x is the other number.
1 1 1
 
x 36  x 5
36  x  x 1

x(36  x) 5
36 1

36x  x 2 5
180  36x  x 2
x 2  36x  180  0
( x  6)( x  30)  0
x=6 or x = 30
When x = 6, 36  x = 30
When x = 30, 36  x = 6
∴ The two numbers are 6 and 30.

47
Question Bank

40. Mr. Lee takes 8 days to finish a job. If Mr. Chan works alone, he needs 18 days more than they work
together. Find the time taken for Mr. Chan to finish the job alone.
李先生需要 8 天時間完成一件工程。若陳先生單獨完成該工程，則所需時間較李、陳二人合力
完成的時間多 18 天。求陳先生單獨完成該工程所需的時間。
Let Mr. Chan takes x days to finish the job alone,
then it takes (x  18) days for Mr. Chan and Mr. Lee work together.
1
For each day, Mr. Chan can finish of the job.
x
1
Mr. Lee can finish of the job.
8
1
of the job can be finished for Mr. Chan and Mr. Lee work together.
x  18
1 1 1
∴  
x  18 8 x
1 x8

x  18 8x
8 x  ( x  8)( x  18)
8 x  x 2  10x  144
x 2  18x  144  0
( x  24)( x  6)  0
x – 24 = 0 or x+6=0
x = 24 or x = – 6 (rejected)
∴ Mr. Chan takes 24 days to finish the job alone.

41. Miss Lam bought p goldfish for $120, but 4 of them died shortly afterwards. Then she sold all the
goldfish left and each of them was sold at a price $1 more than she paid for it.
林小姐以 $120 買了 p 尾金魚。回家後，她發現其中 4 尾死了。林小姐現把餘下的金魚轉售，
而每尾的價格較購入時高 $1。
(a) Express, in terms of p, the price at which Miss Lam sold the goldfish.
以 p 表示每尾金魚的轉售價格。
(b) If Miss Lam gains $24 totally, find the value of p.
若林小姐總共賺得 $24，求 p 的值。
 120 
(a) Price of each goldfish  $  1
 p 

 120 
(b) Price at which Miss Lam sells the goldfish  $  1( p  4)
 p 
 120 
  1( p  4)  120  24
 p 
 120  p 
 ( p  4)  144
 p 
p 2  116p  480  144p
p 2  28 p  480  0
( p  40)( p  12)  0
p – 40 = 0 or p + 12 = 0
p = 40 or p = –12 (rejected)

48
 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

42. Amy bought a dog at $x and then sold it at $1500 later. If her profit per cent is x%, find the value of x.
(Given your answer correct to 3 significant figures.)
小美以 $x 購買了一隻小狗，再以 $1500 將小狗出售。若她的盈利百分率是 x%，求 x 的值。
(答案須準確至三位有效數字。)
Profit percent = x%
1500  x x
∴ 
x 100
150 000  100x  x 2
x 2  100x  150 000  0
Using the quadratic formula,
 100  1002  4(1)(150 000)
x
2(1)
= 341 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.) or –441 (rejected)

43. In the figure, the dimensions of a rectangular park ABCD are

30 m × 10 m. In the park, a rectangular garden PQRS is surrounded
by a path. Given that the path has a uniform width of x m, and its
area is 50% of that of the garden PQRS.
圖中所示為一個 30 m × 10 m 的長方形公園。在公園內，有一條
小徑圍著長方形花園 PQRS。已知小徑的闊度為 x m，而它的面
積是花園 PQRS 的 50%。
(a) Set up a quadratic equation in x.
建立一個以 x 為變數的二次方程。
(b) Find the value of x.
(Give your answer in surd form.)
求 x 的值。 (答案以根式表示。)
(a) Area of path  [(30)(10)  (30  2 x)(10  2 x)] cm 2
∴ (30)(10)  (30  2x)(10  2x)  (30  2x)
(10  2 x)(50%)
3
(30  2 x)(10  2 x)  300  0
2
(15  x)(10  2 x)  100  0
(150  40x  2 x 2 )  100  0
2 x 2  40x  50  0
x 2  20x  25  0
∴ The required equation is x 2  20x  25  0 .
(b) x2  20x  25  0
Using the quadratic formula,
20  (20) 2  4(1)(25)
x
2(1)
20  300

2
 10  5 3
When x  10  5 3 ,

49
Question Bank

PS  [10  2(10  5 3 )] m  10( 3  1) m  0

∴ x  10  5 3 is rejected.
When x  10  5 3 ,
PS  [10  2(10  5 3 )] m  10( 3  1) m  0
SR  [30  2(10  5 3 )] m  10( 3  1) m  0
∴ x  10  5 3

44. The figure shows a rhombus EFGH of side (3x + 3) cm, where
EG = (6x + 3) cm and FH = (4x – 7) cm.
圖中所示為一邊長 (3x + 3) cm 的菱形 EFGH，其中
EG = (6x + 3) cm 及 FH = (4x – 7) cm。
(a) Find the value of x.
求 x 的值。
(b) Hence, find the area of the rhombus.
由此，求菱形的面積。
(a) Let EG and FH intersect at O.
1
EO  EG
2
1
 (6 x  3)
2
1
FO  FH
2
1
 ( 4 x  7)
2
Consider △EFO.
EOF  90
∴ By Pythagoras’ Theorem,
EF 2  EO2  FO2
2 2
1  1 
(3x  3) 2   (6 x  3)   (4 x  7)
2  2 
1
9 x 2  18x  9  (36x 2  36x  9  16x 2  56x
4
49)
36x 2  72x  36  52x 2  20x  58
16x 2  92x  22  0
8 x  46x  11  0
(4 x  1)(2 x  11)  0
4x  1  0 or 2x  11  0
1 11
x or x
4 2
1  1 
When x  , FH  4   7 cm  6 cm
4  4 
1
∴ x is rejected.
4
11
∴ x
2

50
 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

1
(b) Area  EG  FH
2
1   11     11  
 6   3 4   7  cm 2
2   2    2  
1
 (36)(15)cm 2
2
 270 cm 2

51
Question Bank

Level 2 Questions
程度 2+ 題目

1. Given that p and q are the roots of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, where p > q.
已知 p 和 q 是方程 ax2 + bx + c = 0 的根，其中 p > q。
(a) By using the quadratic formula, express p and q in terms of a, b and c.
利用二次公式，以 a、b 和 c 表示 p 和 q。
(b) Find p + q and pq in terms of a, b and c respectively.
試以 a、b 和 c 表示 p + q 和 pq。
(c) By using the results of (b) or otherwise, find the sum and the product of the roots of
4
7x2 + x – 5 = 0 respectively.
3
4
利用 (b) 的結果，或其他方法，求 7x2 + x – 5 = 0 的根之和及積。
3
(a) Using the quadratic formula,
 b  b 2  4ac  b  b 2  4ac
p , q
2a 2a

 b  b 2  4ac  b  b 2  4ac
(b) pq  
2a 2a
 b  b 2  4ac  b  b 2  4ac

2a
b

a

  
  b  b  4ac   b  b  4ac 
2 2
pq    
 2a 2a
  
1
 [(b) 2  (b 2  4ac)]
4a 2
1
 (4ac)
4a 2
c

a

b
(c) Sum of roots  
a
4
3
7
4

21

52
 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

c
Product of roots 
a
5

7
5

7

2. (a) (i) Solve the equation x2 – 4px – 4pq – q2 = 0 by grouping the terms, where p and q are non-zero
real numbers, and express your answers in terms of p and q.
利用合併項的方法解方程 x2 – 4px – 4pq – q2 = 0，其中 p 和 q 是非零實數，並以 p
和 q 表示答案。
(ii) Hence, if the discriminant of the equation x2 – 4px – 4pq – q2 = 0 is 0, suggest a pair of
possible values of p and q.
由此，若方程 x2 – 4px – 4pq – q2 = 0 的判別式是 0，試舉出 p 和 q 的一組可能值。
(b) By using the result of (a)(i), if the sum and the product of the roots of
x2 + 2(1 – a)x – (1 + b)(2a + b – 1) = 0 are 8 and 15 respectively, find the values of a and b.
利用 (a)(i) 的結果，若 x2 + 2(1 – a)x – (1 + b)(2a + b – 1) = 0 的根之和及積分別為 8 及
15，求 a 和 b 的值。
(a) (i) x 2  4 px  4 pq  q2  0
( x 2  q 2 )  4 p( x  q)  0
( x  q)( x  q)  4 p( x  q)  0
( x  q)( x  q  4 p )  0
x  q  0 or x  q  4 p  0
x   q or x  q  4p

(ii) ∵ The discriminant of

x2  4px  4pq  q2 = 0 is 0.
∴ x2  4px  4pq  q2 = 0 has a double real root.
∴ q  q  4 p (by (a)(i))
4 p  2 p
q  2 p
∴ A pair of possible values of p and q are p = 1, q = 2. (or any other reasonable answers)

(b) x 2  2(1  a) x  (1  b)(2a  b 1)  0 ......(1)

x 2  2 x  2ax  2a(1  b)  (b 2  1)  0
x 2  2 x  2ax  2a  2ab  b 2  1  0
( x 2  2 x  1)  2a( x  1)  2ab  b 2  0
a a
( x  1) 2  4 ( x  1)  4 b  b 2  0
 
2 2
or x  1  b  4 
a
x  1  b
2
x  b  1 or x  b  2a  1
∵ The sum and the product of the roots of (1) are 8 and 15 respectively.
∴ (b 1)  (b  2a 1)  8 ......(2)
and (b 1)(b  2a 1)  15 ......(3)
From (1), we have
2a  2  8
a  5

53
Question Bank

By substituting a = 5 into (3), we have

(b  1)[b  2(5)  1]  15
(b  1)(b  9)  15
b 2  10b  24  0
(b  6)(b  4)  0
b  6  0 or b  4  0
b  6 or b  4
Therefore, a = 5, b = 6 or a = 5, b = 4.

3. (a) Consider a quadratic equation in the form px2 + qx + r = 0, where p and r are non-zero real numbers.
考慮形式為 px2 + qx + r = 0 的二次方程，其中 p 和 r 是非零實數。
2r
(i) Show that the roots of the equation are .
 q  q 2  4 pr
2r
證明該方程的根是 。
 q  q 2  4 pr
(ii) Hence, find the relationship between p and r if one of the roots of the equation is the
reciprocal of the other.
由此，若方程的其中一個根是另一個根的倒數，求 p 和 r 之間的關係。
(b) It is given that the equation 2mx2 – (m + 2n – 2)x + (n – 1) = 0, where m  0 and n  1. If the
product of two distinct real roots of the equation is 1, solve the equation.
已知方程 2mx2 – (m + 2n – 2)x + (n – 1) = 0，其中 m  0 及 n  1。若方程的兩個相異實根
的積是 1，解該方程。
(a) (i) Using the quadratic formula,
 q  q 2  4 pr
x
2p
∵ p  0 and r  0
∴  q  q 2  4 pr  0

 q  q 2  4 pr
Consider x  ,
2p

 q  q 2  4 pr  q  q 2  4 pr

2p  q  q 2  4 pr

( q ) 2  ( q 2  4 pr ) 2

2 p ( q  q 2  4 pr )
q 2  (q 2  4 pr)

2 p ( q  q 2  4 pr )
4 pr

2 p ( q  q 2  4 pr )
2r

 q  q 2  4 pr

 q  q 2  4 pr
Consider x  ,
2p

 q  q 2  4 pr  q  q 2  4 pr

2p  q  q 2  4 pr

54
 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

( q ) 2  ( q 2  4 pr ) 2

2 p ( q  q 2  4 pr )
q 2  (q 2  4 pr)

2 p ( q  q 2  4 pr )
4 pr

2 p ( q  q 2  4 pr )
2r

 q  q 2  4 pr
2r
∴ x
 q  q 2  4 pr

(ii) ∵ One of the roots of the equation is the reciprocal of the other.
2r  q  q 2  4 pr
∴ 
 q  q 2  4 pr 2r

2r  2r  ( q  q 2  4 pr )

( q  q 2  4 pr )

4r 2  ( q ) 2  ( q 2  4 pr ) 2
4r 2  q 2  (q 2  4 pr)
4r 2  4 pr  0
r (r  p)  0
r  p  0 or r  0 (rejected) ∴ p=r

(b) Let  and  be the roots of the equation.

∴   1
1
 

∴ One of the roots of the equation is the reciprocal of the other.
∴ By using the result of (a)(ii), we have
2m = n  1
By substituting 2m = n  1 into the equation, we have
2mx2  5mx  2m  0
2 x2  5x  2  0
(2 x  1)( x  2)  0
2 x  1  0 or x  2  0
1
x  or x2
2

4. (a) Solve x2 – x – 2 = 0.
解 x2 – x – 2 = 0。
(b) Hence, solve (x2 – 2x)2 – x2 + 2x – 2 = 0. (Leave your answers in surd form.)
由此，解 (x2 – 2x)2 – x2 + 2x – 2 = 0。(答案以根式表示。)
(a) x2  x  2  0
( x  1)( x  2)  0
x 1  0 or x  2  0
x  1 or x2

55
Question Bank

(b) ( x 2  2 x) 2  x 2  2 x  2  0
( x 2  2 x) 2  ( x 2  2 x)  2  0
x 2  2 x  1 or x2  2x  2
x2  2 x  1  0 or x 2  2 x  2  0
 (2)  (2) 2  4(1)(2)
( x  1)2  0 or x 
2(1)
2  12
x 1  0 
2
x 1  1 3

5. (a) Express 7  2 12 in the form of (a  b ) 2 , where b > 0.

把 7  2 12 寫成 (a  b ) 2 的形式，其中 b > 0。
(b) Given that the quadratic expression 3k(x2 + x – 2) – (3x – 19) is a perfect square, where k is an
non-zero positive integer.
已知二次數式 3k(x2 + x – 2) – (3x – 19) 為一個完全平方，其中 k 是一個非零正整數。
(i) Find the value of k.
求 k 的值。
(ii) By using the above results, solve the equation 3k ( x 2  x  2)  (3x  1)  4 3  13 .
(Leave your answers in surd form.)
利用以上的結果，解方程 3k ( x 2  x  2)  (3x  1)  4 3  13 。
(答案以根式表示。)
(a) 7  2 12  7  4 3
 44 3 3
 (2) 2  2(2)( 3 )  ( 3 ) 2
 (2  3 ) 2

(b) (i) 3k ( x 2  x  2)  (3x  19)

 3kx 2  3kx  6k  3x  19
 3kx 2  3(k  1) x  6k  19
  k  1  19  6k 
 3k  x 2   x  
  k  3k 
∵ 3k(x2 + x  2)  (3x  19) is a perfect square.
2
 k 1 19  6k
∴   
 2 k  3k
k  2k  1 19  6k
2

4k 3
3k 2  6k  3  76k  24k 2
27k 2  82k  3  0
(k  3)(27k  1)  0
k  3  0 or 27k  1  0
1
k  3 or k (rejected)
27

(ii) 3k ( x 2  x  2)  (3x  1)  4 3  13

56
 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

3(3)( x 2  x  2)  (3 x  1)  20  4 3  7
9( x 2  x  2)  (3 x  19)  7  2 12
9 x 2  6 x  1  (2  3 ) 2
(3 x  1) 2  (2  3 ) 2
3x  1  (2  3 )
 1  (2  3 )
x
3
1 3 3 3
 or
3 3

5
6. If the equation 2 x 2  (4k  1) x  k   0 has no real roots, find the range of possible values of k.
4
5
若方程 2 x 2  (4k  1) x  k   0 沒有實根，求 k 值的可能範圍。
4
5
∵ The equation 2 x 2  (4k  1) x  k   0 has no real roots.
4
∴ <0
5
(4k  1) 2  4(2)(k  )  0
4
16k  8k  1  8k  10  0
2

16k 2  9  0
(4k  3)(4k  3)  0
Case 1: 4k  3  0 and 4k  3  0
3 3
k and k (rejected)
4 4
Case 2: 4k  3  0 and 4k  3  0
3 3
k and k
4 4
3 3
∴  k
4 4
3 3
∴ The range of possible values of k is   k  .
4 4

7. The figure shows a rectangle EFGH of width 15 cm with three identical circles of radii x cm inscribed in
it. A, B and C are centres of the three circles respectively. Given that AC // DB // FG and △ADB is a
right-angled isosceles triangle.
如圖所示，三個相等且半徑為 x cm 的圓內接於闊度為 15 cm 的長方形 EFGH。A、B 和 C 分
別是該三個圓的圓心。已知 AC // DB // FG，而 △ADB 是一個直角等腰三角形。

(a) (i) By considering △ADB, set up a quadratic equation in x.

57
Question Bank

考慮 △ADB，試建立一個以 x 為變數的二次方程。
(ii) Solve equation in (a)(i). (Leave your answers in surd form.)
解 (a)(i) 所得的方程。(答案以根式表示。)
(b) Hence, find the area of △ABC and the rectangle EFGH.
(Give your answers correct to 2 decimal places.)
由此，求 △ABC 和長方形 EFGH 的面積。(答案須準確至兩位小數。)
(a) (i) Produce the two ends of AD to meet EH and FG at M and N respectively.

MN = 15 cm
AD = (15  2x) cm
DB = AD = (15 – 2x) cm
BA = 2x cm
Consider △ADB.
AD2 + DB2 = BA2 (Pyth. theorem)
2(15  2 x ) 2  ( 2 x ) 2
225  60x  4 x 2  2 x 2
∴ 2 x 2  60x  225  0

(ii) Using the quadratic formula,

 ( 60)  ( 60) 2  4( 2)( 225)
x 
2( 2 )
60  1800

4
60  30 2

4
30  15 2 15 2
 or 15  (rejected)
2 2

(b) Draw a line from B to AC such that BK  AC (see the figure in (a)(i)).
∵ BA = BC = 2x cm
∴ △ABC is an isosceles triangle.
∴ AK = KC
∵ AK = DB  (15  2x) cm
∴ ACKC = 2(15  2x) cm
BK = DA = (15  2x) cm
∴ Area of △ABC
1
  AC  BK
2
1
  2(15  2 x )  (15  2 x ) cm 2
2
 (15  2 x ) 2 cm 2
 [15  (3c  15 2 )]2 cm 2
 (15 2  15) 2 cm 2
 38.60 cm 2 (cor . to 2 d.p.)

58
 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

EH  ( AC  2 x ) cm
 [2(15  2 x )  2 x ] cm
 (3c  2 x ) cm
 [30  (30  15 2 )] cm
 15 2 cm
∴ Area of the rectangle EFGH
 EH  HG
 (15 2  15) cm 2
 318.20 cm 2 (cor. to 2 d.p.)

8. (a) If both of the roots of the equations rx2 + sx + t = 0 and rx2 + sx + t = 0 are  and , where  and 
are non-zero real numbers and   , prove that s = s and t = t.
若方程 rx2 + sx + t = 0 及 rx2 + sx + t = 0 的兩個根分別都是  和 ，其中  和  是非
零實數，且   ，證明 s = s 及 t = t。
(b) (i) It is given that y = p(x + 1)2 – qx(x – 1) – 2p(x + 1), where p and q are non-zero real
numbers and q  2p. Show that its graph intersects the x-axis at two points.
已知 y = p(x + 1)2 – qx(x – 1) – 2p(x + 1)，其中 p 和 q 是非零實數，且 q  2p。證明
其圖像與 x 軸相交於兩點。
q
(ii) If the x-intercepts of the graph of y = p(x + 1)2 – qx(x – 1) – 2p(x + 1) are –3p and ,
pq
find the values of p and q.
q
若 y = p(x + 1)2 – qx(x – 1) – 2p(x + 1) 的圖像的 x 軸截距是 –3p 和 ，求 p 和
pq
q 的值。
(a) rx 2  sx  t  0 ......( 1)
rx 2  s x  t   0 ......( 2)
(1)  (2), (s  s ) x  (t  t )  0 ......(3)
∵  and  are the roots of (1) and (2).
∴ By substituting x =  and x =  into (3) respectivley, we have
( s  s)  (t  t )  0 ......( 4)
( s  s)   (t  t )  0 ......( 5)

(4)  (5), ( s  s )(   )  0
s  s  0 ......(6)
∴ s  s
By substituting (6) into (4), we have
t  t  0
∴ t  t

(b) (i) y  p( x  1)2  qx( x  1)  2 p( x  1)

 p( x 2  2 x  1)  qx2  qx  2 px  2 p
 ( p  q) x2  qx  p ……(7)
For ( p  q) x  qx  p  0 ,
2

59
Question Bank

  q  4( p  q )( p)
2

 q 2  4 p 2  4qp
 q 2  2q ( 2 p )  ( 2 p ) 2
 (q  2 p) 2
0
∵ q  2p
∴ >0
∴ The graph of
y = p(x + 1)2  qx(x  1)  2p(x + 1) intersects the x-axis at two points.

q
(ii) x  3 p or x
pq
∴ x  3 p  0 or ( p  q) x  q  0
∴ ( x  3 p)[( p  q) x  q]  0
( p  q) x 2  [3 p( p  q)  q]x  3 pq  0 ......(8)
q
∵ The x-intercepts of the graph of (7) are 3p and .
pq
q
∴ 3p and are the roots of
pq
(p  q)x2 + qx  p = 0.

∴ Both of the roots of (8) and

q
(p  q)x2 + qx  p = 0 are 3p and .
pq
∴ By the result of (a), we have
3 p( p  q)  q  q ......( 9)

 3 pq   p ......( 10)
1
From (10), we have q 
3
3 p  3 pq  2q  0
2
From (9), we have
3 p 2  (3 p  2)q  0 ......(11)
1
By substituting q  into (11), we have
3
1
3 p 2  (3 p  2)  0
3
9 p 2  (3 p  2)  0
9 p2  3 p  2  0
(3 p  1)(3 p  2)  0
3 p  1  0 or 3 p  2  0
1 2
p or p
3 3
1 1 2 1
Therefore, p   , q  or p  , q  .
3 3 3 3

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 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

Multiple Choice Questions

多項選擇題

1. Which of the following expression is a perfect 1 1

x 6
x 6
square? x 2  1 36  1

下列哪個數式是完全平方？ x 6

A. 9x2  12x + 4 6 x 2  6  37x

6 x 2  37x  6  0
B. 9x2  12x  4
(6 x  1)( x  6)  0
C. 9x2  6x + 4 6 x  1  0 or x  6  0
D. 9x2  6x  4 x
1
or x6
A 6
9 x 2  12x  4
 (3x) 2  2(3x)(2)  2 2
4. If β is a root of the equation 3x2 + 2x  3 = 0,
 (3x  2) 2
then 6β2 + 4β  7 =
(P01C01L06Q005)
若 β 是方程 3x2 + 2x  3 = 0 的一個根，則
2. Which of the following equations has no real
6β2 + 4β  7 =
roots?
A. 0.
下列哪個二次方程沒有實根？
B. 1.
A. x2 = 0
C. 4.
B. 2x2  x  1 = 0
D. 4.
C. x2 + 4x + 5 = 0 B
D. x2 + 7x + 1 = 0 ∵  is a root of 3x 2  2 x  3  0 .
C ∴ 3 2  2  3  0
For option C:
2(3 2  2  3)  0
  4 2  4(1)(5)
6 2  4  6  0
 4
∵  <0 ∴ 6 2  4  7  6 2  4  6  1
∴ The equation x 2  4 x  5  0 has no real roots.  0 1
 1

1 1
3. Solve the equation x + =6+ .
x 6 5. Solve the equation 2ax(2 – ax) + ax = 2, where a

1 1  0.
解二次方程 x + =6+ 。
x 6 解二次方程 2ax(2 – ax) + ax = 2，其中 a  0。
A. x=6 A. x=0
1 1
B. x= B. x=
6 2a

1 1 2
C. x = 6 or C. x= or
6 2a a
D. x = 6 D. x = 2a or a
C C

61
Question Bank

2ax(2  ax)  ax  2 7. Solve the equation (x + 1)x = 3(x + 1).

4ax  2a 2 x 2  ax  2
解二次方程 (x + 1)x = 3(x + 1)。
2(ax) 2  5ax  2  0
A. x = 1
(2ax  1)(ax  2)  0
2ax  1  0 or ax  2  0 B. x = 1 or 3
1 2 C. x=3
x or x
2a a
D. x = 1 or 3
Alternative Solution B
2ax(2  ax)  ax  2 ( x  1) x  3( x  1)
2ax(2  ax)  ax  2  0 ( x  1) x  3( x  1)  0
2ax(2  ax)  (2  ax)  0 ( x  1)( x  3)  0
(2ax  1)(2  ax)  0 x  1  0 or x  3  0
2ax  1  0 or 2  ax  0 x   1 or x3

x
1
or x
2 8. The roots of the equation 2x2 + 3x  2 = 0 are
2a a
二次方程 2x2 + 3x  2 = 0 的根是
1
6. Which of the following equations has/have A. and 2.
2
real root(s)?
1
下列哪個二次方程有實根？ B.  and 2.
2
I. x2 + 3x + 1 = 0
1
II. x2 + 2x + 1 = 0 C. 1 and .
2
III. x2 + 3x + 7 = 0
1
A. I only D.  and –2.
2
B. III only A
C. I and II only 2 x 2  3x  2  0
(2 x  1)( x  2)  0
D. I, II and III
2 x  1  0 or x  2  0
C
1
For I, x 2  3x  1  0 x or x2
2
  3 2  4(1)(1)
5
∵  >0 9. Which of the following equations may
∴ The equation x 2  3x  1  0 has two distinct
real roots.
represent the graph below?
For II, x 2  2 x  1  0 圖中所示的可能是以下哪個二次方程的圖
  2  4(1)(1)
2
像？
0
∵  =0 A. y = x2 + x + 6
∴ The equation x 2  2 x  1  0 has a double real B. y = x2  x + 6
root.
C. y = x2 + x  6
For III, x 2  3x  7  0
  3 2  4(1)(7) D. y = x2  x  6
 19 A
∵  <0 Let y  ax2  bx  c be the equation of the graph.
∴ The equation x  3x  7  0 has no real roots.
2 ∵ The x-intercepts of the graph are 2 and 3.
∴ Only I and II have real root(s). ∴ The roots of the equation are 2 and 3.
∴ x  2 or x3
x  2  0 or x  3  0

62
 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

∴ ( x  2)( x  3)  0
A
x2  x  6  0
For x 2  3x  1  0 ,
 x2  x  6  0
  32  4(1)(1)
∴ The required equation is y   x 2  x  6.  13
0
10. Set up a quadratic equation in x whose roots ∴ The equation x 2  3x  1  0 has two distinct real
roots.
are 1 + 2p and –3p. ∴ The graph of y  x 2  3x  1 has two x-intercepts.
建 立 一 個 以 x 為 變 數 ， 並 以 1 + 2p ∴ The answer is A or D.
By substituting x = 0 into the equation, we have
和 –3p 為根的二次方程。
y  0 2  3(0)  1  1
A. x + 2px  3p = 0
2
∴ The y-intercept is negative.
∴ The answer is A.
B. x2 + (2p + 1)x + 3p = 0
C. x2 + (p – 1)x – 6p2 – 3p = 0
12. Set up a quadratic equation in x whose roots are
D. x2 + (1 – p)x – 6p2 = 0
1
0 and .
C 4
∵ The roots of the required equation are 1 + 2p and
3p. 1
建立一個以 x 為變數，並以 0 和 為根
∵ x  1 2 p or x  3 p 4
∴ x 1  2 p  0 or x  3 p  0
的二次方程。
∴ ( x  1  2 p)( x  3 p)  0
x 2  x  2 px  3 px  3 p  6 p 2  0
A. (4x  1)2 = 0
x 2  ( p  1) x  6 p 2  3 p  0 B. 4x2 + x = 0
∴ The required equation is C. 4x2  1 = 0
x  ( p  1) x  6 p  3 p  0 .
2 2
D. 4x2  x = 0
D
11. Which of the following may represent the 1
∵ The roots of the required equation are 0 and .
4
graph y = x2 + 3x  1? 1
∵ x  0 or x
下列何者可表示 y = x + 3x  1 的圖像？ 2
4
1
A. ∴ x  0 or x  0
4
x  0 or 4 x  1  0
∴ x(4 x  1)  0
4x 2  x  0
∴ The required equation is 4x2  x = 0.
B.
13. If the quadratic equation x2  7x + m + 1 = 0
has real root(s), then
若二次方程 x2  7x + m + 1 = 0 有實根，則
A. m < 7.
C. 45
B. m .
4
45
C. m  .
4
D.

63
Question Bank

7
D. m  .
2 45
m
4
B
 ∵ The quadratic equation x2 – 7x + m + 1 = 0 has real
root(s).
 ∴ 0
16. If 0 < p < 6, which of the following quadratic
(–7)2 – 4(1)(m +1)  0 equations has / have two distinct real roots?
49 – 4m – 4  0
45 – 4m  0 若 0 < p < 6，下列哪個二次方程有兩個相異實
根？
14. The graph of y = 2x2 + kx + 18 touches the I. (p2 + 1)x2 + (2p – 1)x + 1 = 0
x-axis. Find the value(s) of k. II. px2 – (p + 7)x + 7 = 0
若 y = 2x2 + kx + 18 的圖像與 x 軸只相交 1 2
III. x  3 px  4 p 2  18  0
於一點，求 k 的值。 2
A. 12 A. I only 只有 I
B. 12 B. II only 只有 II
C. 12 or 12 C. I and III only 只有 I 及 III
D. 144 D. II and III only 只有 II 及 III
C B
∵ The graph touches the x-axis. For I, (p2 + 1)x2 + (2p – 1)x + 1 = 0
∴ The equation 2 x 2  kx  18  0 has a double real   (2 p  1) 2  4( p 2  1)(1)
root.
 4 p2  4 p  1  4 p2  4
∴ =0
 4 p  3
k 2  4(2)(18)  0
∵ 0<p<6
k 2  144 ∴ <0
k   144 ∴ The equation (p2 + 1)x2 + (2p – 1)x + 1 = 0 has no
 12 or  12 real roots.
For II, px2 – (p + 7)x + 7 = 0
  [( p  7)]2  4( p)(7)
15. The figure shows the graph of y = x2 + 4x + c.  p 2  14 p  49  28 p

Which of the following is a possible value of  p 2  14 p  49

 ( p  7) 2
c?
∵ 0<p<6
圖中所示為 y = x2 + 4x + c 的圖像。下列哪 ∴ >0
一個是 c 的可能值？ ∴ The equation px2 – (p + 7)x + 7 = 0 has two distinct
real roots.
A. 4 1 2
For III, x  3 px  4 p 2  18  0
2
B. 5
1
  (3 p) 2  4( )(4 p 2  18)
C. 4 2
D. 0  9 p 2  8 p 2  36
 p 2  36
∵ 0<p<6
B ∴ <0
∵ The graph of y = x2 + 4x + c has no x-intercepts.
∴ The equation x2 + 4x + c = 0 has no real roots. 1 2
∴ The equation x  3 px  4 p 2  18  0 has no
∴ <0 2
42 – 4(1)(c) < 0 real roots.
c>4 ∴ Only II has two distinct real roots.
∴ 5 is a possible value of c.

64
 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown

17. In the figure, the total surface area of cuboid is

A
102 cm2. Find the volume of the cuboid. 40
2
Time taken for John to finish to race  h
圖中長方體的總表面面積是 102 cm 。求它 x
Speed of Peter = (x + 0.8) km/h
的體積。 40
Time taken for Peter to finish the race  h
A. 67.5 cm 3 x  0.8
40 40
B. 80 cm3 ∴ 2
x  0.8 x
C. 92.5 cm3 40

40
2
x x  0 .8
D. 102 cm3
A
 ∵ The total surface area is 102 cm2. 19. If k < 0, then the quadratic equation
 1  1  
∴ 2 x  ( x  6)  [(8  x)] ( x  6)  x[(8  x)]  102 x2  x + 6k = 0 has
  2   2  
若 k < 0，則二次方程 x2  x + 6k = 0
x  6 x  x  2 x  48  16x  2 x  102
2 2 2

A. a double real root.

2 x 2  24x  54  0
x 2  12x  27  0 有一個二重實根。
( x  3)( x  9)  0 B. no real roots.
x–3=0 or x–9=0
x=3 or x = 9 (rejected)
沒有實根。
 1   C. two negative roots.
Volume of the cuboid  3 (3  6) (8  3)cm 3
  2   有兩個負根。
 [3(4.5)(5)] cm 3
D. a positive root and a negative root.
 67.5 cm 3 有一個正根和一個負根。
D
For x2 – x + 6k = 0,
18. In a Marathon race of 40 km, the speed of John    = (–1)2 – 4(1)(6k)
= 1 – 24k
is x km/h. If Peter runs faster than John by If k < 0, then 1 – 24k > 0
∴ >0
0.8 km/h, then Peter can finish the race
∴ The equation x2 – x + 6k = 0 has two distinct real
2 hours earlier than John. Which of the roots.
Let  and  be the roots of x2 – x + 6k = 0.
following is true?
( x   )( x   )  x 2  x  6k
在一場全長 40 km 的馬拉松比賽中，志剛
x 2  (   ) x    x 2  x  6k
的速率是 x km/h。若家偉跑得較志剛快 By comparing the constant term on both sides, we have
  6k
0.8 km/h, 則家偉會較志剛早 2 小時完成
Since k < 0,   0
賽事。問下列哪個數式是正確的？  ∴   0 and   0 or   0 and   0 .
 ∴ The equation x2 – x + 6k = 0 has a positive root and a
40 40
A.  2 negative root.
x x  0.8
40 40 20. As shown in the figure, a piece of wire of
B.  2
x 8 x 8 length 42 cm is cut into two parts and bent
40 40 into a square and an equilateral triangle
C.  2
x  0.8 x respectively. If the area of the square and that
40
D.  (2  0.8) x of the triangle are in the ratio 4 : 3 , find the
x length of the side of the square.
如下圖所示，把一條長 42 cm 的鐵線剪成

65
Question Bank

兩段，並分別圍成一個正方形和等邊三角 21. The area of a rectangular playground is

形。若正方形面積：三個形面積 = 4 : 3 ， 72a2 m2. If the perimeter of the playground is
求正方形的邊長。 41a m, find its dimensions.
一個長方形遊樂場的面積是 72a2 m2。若該
42 cm
遊樂場的周界是 41a m，求它的大小。
A. (8a × 9a) m2
B. (6a ×12a) m2
27 32
C. ( a× a) m2
+ 4 3
9
D. ( a × 16a) m2
A. 2 3 cm 2
B. 6 cm D
Let x m be the length of the playground,
C. 6 cm  41a 
then   x  m is the width of the playground.
D. 12 cm  2 
C  41a 
∴   x  x  72a 2
Let x cm be the length of the side of the square,  2 
 42  4 x 
then   cm is the length of the side of the 41ax  2 x 2  144a 2
 3 
triangle. 2 x 2  41ax  144a 2  0
∵ The triangle is equilateral. (2 x  9a)( x  16a)  0
180 2 x  9a  0 or x  16a  0
∴ Each angle of the triangle   60
3 9
xa or x  16a
2 2
1  42  4 x 
Area of the triangle    sin 60 cm2 9 41a
2 3  When x  a ,  x  16a
2 2
 1  22 (21  2 x) 2  3  2
   cm 41a
x a
9
 2   2  When x = 16a,
32   2 2
3  ∴ The dimensions of the playground are
 (21  2 x) 2 cm 2 9
9 ( a 16a) m 2 .
2
∵ Area of the square : area of the triangle  4 : 3
3
 ∴ x2 : (21  2 x) 2  4 : 3 
9
x2 4

3 3
(21  2 x) 2
9
4 3
3x 2  (21  2 x) 2
9
9 x 2  1764  336x  16x 2
7 x 2  336x  1764  0
x 2  48x  252  0
( x  6)( x  42)  0
x – 6 = 0 or x – 42 = 0
x = 6 or x = 42 (rejected)
∴ The side of the square is 6 cm.

66