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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4628-3
Second edition
2003-09-01
Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of
degradation of coatings — Designation of
quantity and size of defects, and of
intensity of uniform changes in
appearance —
Part 3:
Assessment of degree of rusting
Peintures et vernis — Évaluation de la dégradation des revêtements —
Désignation de la quantité et de la dimension des défauts, et de
l'intensité des changements uniformes d'aspect —
Partie 3: Évaluation du degré d'enrouillement
Reference number
ISO 4628-3:2003(E)
© ISO 2003
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ISO 4628-3:2003(E)
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ISO 4628-3:2003(E)
Contents Page
Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................ iv
1 Scope...................................................................................................................................................... 1
2 Normative references ........................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions........................................................................................................................... 2
4 Assessment ........................................................................................................................................... 2
5 Expression of results............................................................................................................................ 2
6 Test report.............................................................................................................................................. 3
Annex A (normative) Calibration images ......................................................................................................... 9
Annex B (informative) Correlation between the ISO rating system and other systems............................ 14
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ISO 4628-3:2003(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 4628-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 9,
General test methods for paints and varnishes.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 4628-3:1982), of which it constitutes a mainly
editorial revision. The pictorial standards have been replaced by computer-generated pictures and binary
images have been added for the calibration of optical imaging systems.
ISO 4628 consists of the following parts, under the general title Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of
degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity and size of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in
appearance:
Part 1: General introduction and designation system
Part 2: Assessment of degree of blistering
Part 3: Assessment of degree of rusting
Part 4: Assessment of degree of cracking
Part 5: Assessment of degree of flaking
Part 6: Assessment of degree of chalking by tape method
Part 7: Assessment of degree of chalking by velvet method
Part 8: Assessment of degree of delamination and corrosion around a scribe
Part 10: Assessment of degree of filiform corrosion
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4628-3:2003(E)
Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of
coatings — Designation of quantity and size of defects, and of
intensity of uniform changes in appearance —
Part 3:
Assessment of degree of rusting
1 Scope
This part of ISO 4628 describes a method for assessing the degree of rusting of coatings by comparison with
pictorial standards.
The pictorial standards provided in this part of ISO 4628 show coated steel surfaces which have deteriorated
to different degrees by a combination of rust broken through the coating and visible underrust.
NOTE 1 The pictorial standards have been selected from the “European rust scale” published by the European
Confederation of Paint, Printing Ink and Artists' Colours Manufacturers' Associations (CEPE), Brussels. The correlation
between the ISO scale and the “European rust scale” is given in Annex B, Table B.1.
NOTE 2 The correlation between the ISO scale and the rating system of ASTM D 610, Standard Test Method for
Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted Steel Surfaces, is given in Annex B, Table B.2.
NOTE 3 The rust formation on uncoated steel surfaces is designated in accordance with ISO 8501-1, Preparation of
steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Visual assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 1:
Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates and of steel substrates after overall removal of previous
coatings (rust grades A, B, C and D).
ISO 4628-1 defines the system used for designating the quantity and size of defects and the intensity of
changes in appearance of coatings and outlines the general principles of the system. This system is intended
to be used, in particular, for defects caused by ageing and weathering, and for uniform changes such as
colour changes, for example yellowing.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4628-1:2003, Paints and varnishes — Evaluation of degradation of coatings — Designation of quantity
and size of defects, and of intensity of uniform changes in appearance — Part 1: General introduction and
designation system
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
degree of rusting
Ri
rating characterizing the degree of rust formation (rust broken through and visible underrust) on a coating
4 Assessment
Assess the degree of rusting Ri on a coating by means of the pictorial standards given in Figures 1 to 5. The
approximate areas rusted (rust broken through plus visible underrust) shown on these standards are as
indicated in Table 1.
Procedures for assessing invisible underrust, if required, shall be agreed between the interested parties.
Where different degrees of rusting occur in different parts of the area being assessed, indicate these degrees
of rusting together with the part where each occurs.
Carry out the assessment under good illumination.
If the average size of the rust spots on the test area differs considerably from those shown in the pictorial
standards, an indication of their size may be given by reference to Table 2 of ISO 4628-1:2003.
NOTE The pictorial standards are basically intended for assessing the degree of rusting of coated steel. They may be
used for designating the degree of corrosion of coated non-ferrous metals if the form of breakdown is comparable with that
shown in the standards.
Table 1 — Degree of rusting and rusted area
Rusted area
Degree of rusting
%
Ri 0 0
Ri 1 0,05
Ri 2 0,5
Ri 3 1
Ri 4 8
Ri 5 40 to 50
If the assessment is to be done using an optical imaging system, calibrate the system using the images given in
Annex A.
5 Expression of results
Express the degree of rusting as the Ri class as shown in Figures 1 to 5.
If applicable, indicate the different degrees of rusting obtained, together with the parts of the test area
concerned.
If applicable, indicate the degree of rusting Ri together with the numerical rating of the size of the rust spots.
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For example, if the rusted area corresponds to Figure 3, Ri 3, and the sizes of the individual rust spots are
between 0,5 mm and 5 mm, reported the result as:
rusting; degree of rusting Ri 3 (S4)
6 Test report
The test report shall contain at least the following information:
a) all details necessary to identify the coating examined;
b) a reference to this part of ISO 4628 (ISO 4628-3:2003);
c) the type of surface examined, its size and, if appropriate, its location;
d) the result of the assessment in accordance with Clause 5;
e) an indication of the illumination under which the assessment was carried out;
f) any unusual features (anomalies) observed during the assessment;
g) the date of the examination.
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Figure 1 — Degree of rusting Ri 1
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