National Service Training Program

Literacy Training Service

WMSU JOEBERT P. ALBERTO, LPT, MAED
NSTP LTS Facilitator
October 25, 2022
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WMSU
Good morning!
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Peace Education

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For a long long time peace was popularity defined as
the absence of war. This was reinforced when the
peace movements focused on the issues of World
War II, the nuclear arms and others became the
subject of many discourse.

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It is important that we continue to recognize the
problems resulting from wars and militarization
leading to a large numbers of deaths and
displacement. This continues to happen this day in
Mindanao, the Philippine and many parts of the
world.

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But violence is not confined to wars. It has multiple
manifestations. Aside from physical, we observe
economic, social, political, cultural, psychological
and environmental violence. Cyber bullying is
getting to be fad, we suffer extreme weather
conditions resulting from environmental
destructions; loss of ancestral domain is widespread
among the indigenous communities, the growing
number of people not being able to eat three times a
day, children not being able to go to school.

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However, we can observe the many signs of hopes
such as citizens building zones of peace amidst
armed conflict and war, Peace talks an peace
accords to end wars and armed violence,
environmental groups taking steps to save the
forests, rivers, schools advocating conflict
resolution , violence preventions and mediation in
schools.

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Diverse agencies, organizations and individual have
been promoting peace education in various parts of
the world. One leading agency is UNESCO, which
institutionalized the concept of the culture or peace
in 1995.

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In the Philippines, the Ramos administration (E.O.
no. 3) made a pronouncement stressing the need to
strengthen the institutionalized approach to the
promotion of the peace. This further strengthened
by Executive Order 570 series of 2006, issued by
former president Gloria Arroyo institutionalizing the
teaching of peace in basic education and teacher
education.

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In all these documents, a holistic perspectives or
pace, namely; a negative peace referring to the
absence of war and positive peace, the state where
basic needs such as food, clothing, shelter, health
and education are met and human rights respected,
is promoted.

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Peace educations basically
asks two questions:

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1. How can education contribute to a better
awareness of the root causes of conflicts, violence
and peacelessness at the personal, interpersonal
community, national, regional and global levels?

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2. How can education cultivate skills, values,
understanding, actions, skills and practices for
building individuals, families, communities, and the
world. It is important to emphasize that peace
education requires that conflict transformation and
lead to social action for building more peaceful
selves, families, communities, societies and
ultimately a more peaceful world?

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Peace education cultivates and promotes values,
understanding, action, skills, and practices for
building individuals, families, communities,
societies, and the world. It is important to emphasize
that peace education lesson contains a commitment
to action.

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Peace education upholds a holistic understanding
encompassing the following

1. Spirituality – Understood as whatever makes a

person feel peaceful, joyful and content
2. Social Justice – benefits of growth are equitably
distributed
3. Supporting nonviolence – refers to a way of life of
people to employ non-violent action in any
conflict

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Peace education upholds a holistic understanding
encompassing the following

4. Strengthening human rights – develops an

understanding of everyone’s common
responsibility to make the rights a reality in
each community.
5. Sustainable development – living within the
means of nature
6. Sensitivity – recognizing that we are a multi –
cultural society, peace education promotes
respect and solidarity
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 UNDERSTANDING
VALUES OF PEACE

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INTRODUCTION

“Since wars begin in the minds of men (and women), it is

in the minds of men (and women) that the defenses of
peace shall be constructed” Humankind needs to take
lessons from its past in order to build a new and better
tomorrow.

One lesson learned is that, to prevent our violence-

ridden history repeating itself, the values of peace, non-
violence, tolerance, human rights and democracy will
have to be inculcated in every woman and man- young
and old, children and adult alike.
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The most significant way of promoting a culture of peace
is through peace education.

Peace education needs to be accepted in all parts of the

world, in all societies and countries as an essential element
in creating culture of peace. To meet effectively the
challenges posed by the present complexity of our time, the
young of today deserves a radically different education- “one
that does not glorify war but educates for peace nonviolence
and international cooperation.”

They need the skills and knowledge to create and nurture

peace for their individual selves as well as for the world they
belong to.
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PEACE DEFINED

The concept of peace varies according to the people

who give meaning to it, based on the work they do
and the cultural context they come from. Some of
these concepts are;

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“Peace is not just the absence of war. It is the
wholeness of life where every person can live
with dignity.”
(Mindanao Church Peace Congress, 1996)

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“The new name of peace is development.”
( Pope Paul VI, Populorum Progressio)

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Peace is not just the absence of war or violence.
It is more than just the absence of war because its
absence does not always mean peace. Peace, as
positively defined, means the presence of
harmony, understanding, tranquility, social
justice, respect, and tolerance- meaning the
enhancement of life. In other words, it is the
general well-being of the individual. Toward a
Holistic Concept of Peace and Violence

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Johan Galtung explains that peace is the absence
of violence, not only personal or direct but also
structural or indirect. The manifestations of structural
violence are the highly uneven distribution of wealth
and resources as well as the uneven distribution of
power to decide over the distribution of the said
resources.

Hence, he says that peace is both the absence

of personal / direct violence and the presence
of social justice.
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Johan Galtung
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LEVELS OF PEACE

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Peace should be viewed at different
levels:

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1. Personal Peace refers to the development of inner
harmony or integration characterized by such
qualities as self-respect, self-confidence, ability to
cope with negative feelings (fear, anger, insecurity,
and shame), and developing positive attitudes such
as cheerfulness and optimism.

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2. Interpersonal Peace is manifested by the
relationship of an individual with one another. The
interpersonal level peace can be shown in terms of:

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a. Assertiveness. The capacity of an individual to
express one’s views or exercises
one’s rights without being aggressive (injuring or
violating the rights of others) or
submissive (denying one’s own views or rights).

b. Respect. To recognize the worth of others

regardless of differences in social
position, culture, origin, ethnic grouping or gender.
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c. Concern for others. An awareness and
understanding of their needs, feelings, and condition and
extending appropriate consideration for such.

d. Cooperation. The capacity and willingness to work

with others to achieve a common goal.

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e. Open-Mindedness. The willingness to approach
difficult sources of information, people, and events
with a critical but open mind.

f. Humility. The virtue to accept and recognize that

others may have the ability similar or maybe more
than you have and that recognition enables you to
accept your own limitations.

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3. Intergroup / Social Peace is a addressing issues
that affect society and it’s social, political, and
economic components. For example, addressing the
issue of social injustice such as land grabbing, forest
degradation, water pollution, and others that have a
societal impact.

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a. Social Responsibility. An awareness of one’s
responsibility for the common welfare and the willingness as
well as the readiness to work for it.

b. Interdependence. An awareness of the impact of the

decisions and actions of individuals and groups on one
another.

c. Social justice. Requires an awareness and recognition of

the civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights,
especially of the more marginalized sectors of society and
the willingness to promote and defend them.
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4. Global Peace is similar to the social and national level
peace is concerned with attaining related issues that have
global impact or racial discrimination, terrorism, militarization,
environmental degradation, xenophobia, and others.

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a. Respect for the environment. The value of
recognizing the importance of the resources in the
environment as indicated by the act of preserving
and conserving them. Also, the efforts initiated to
protect the resources of the environment.

b. Unity in the oneness of Humankind. The value

of recognizing the importance of being one with other
humans as the semblance of God’s power and love.
It is recognition that everyone is as important as the
other.
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c. Religious Appreciation. The ability to respect
and appreciate the presence of people with the
religious beliefs other than his own. This recognition
brings us into realization that we have different ways
of expressing our faith but we have common
aspiration to be pleasing to the Creator.

d. Cultural Appreciation. A recognition of the

presence of different cultures and such differences
give us the opportunity to learn from one another.

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5. Peace between Humans and the Earth and
Beyond refers to a higher level of peace
that is characterized by the harmony of man with
nature and to a Supreme Being.

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CHALLENGING THE WAR SYSTEM
THROUGH PEACE EDUCATION

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The word “war” is from the Frankish-German word
“werra,” which means confusion, discord, or strife.

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Possible Causes of war

A lack of tolerance for differences is an emerging

source of conflicts. Differences may be in
nationality, clan membership, ethnicity or religious
affiliation. Oftentimes, though, differences only
aggravate an ongoing conflict which is normally
caused by other factors such as land disputes and
political or economic repression.
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Ideological or power struggles are sources of war in
various countries. An ideology is a set of beliefs
which serves as guide on how power should be
allocated or how a society should function.

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Conflicts can also be caused by competition for
resources, extreme abuse of human rights, desire of
leaders to stay in power, narrow or extreme
nationalism, and sympathy for kin across borders.

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The Effects of War

The most horrible effect of war is death. WHO (2002)

reports that one person die every 100 seconds each
day as a result of armed violence. The Penguin Atlas
of War and Peace (2003) indicates that
approximately 75% of those killed in wars today are
civilians or non-combatants.Other sources estimate
civilian deaths to even be higher, as many as 90%
casualties.

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The Effects of War

Wars also result in the commitment of atrocities

which are acts that go beyond what is tolerable
because of the commonly held notion that in war,
anything goes. Massacres, tortures, disappearances,
sexual violence including rape, executions,
assassinations, bombing, burning and kidnapping,
are examples of atrocious acts.

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Wars cause people to flee their homes. It also
causes weapons to proliferate. The total number of
identified nuclear weapons in the world is 26,000, of
which 12,000 are actively deployed with nine known
countries in possession.

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Peace Education and the War System

The UNESCO Preamble states that “if wars begin in

the minds of men, then it is in the minds of men that
the defenses of peace must be constructed. Peace
education is one concrete pathway to challenge war.
Peace education can help challenge thoughts that
the world is divided into “good guys and bad guys”
and that winning over the “bad guys” is the way to
go. Peace education seeks to teach the concept of
oneness of the human race.
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Education should also help alter thoughts with regard
to the inevitability of war. Humans should understand
that waging war is a choice, not a manifest destiny.
Teaching students peaceful conflict resolution skills
will also help learners understand that conflicts may
be approached constructively and that there are
better workable alternatives to aggression.

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Reference:

Labuguen, et al (2012). Understanding the National Service

Training Program. Malabon City:

Mutya Publishing House, Inc. Navarro-Castro, L., & Nario-

Galace, J (2010).

Peace Education: A pathway to a culture of peace. Quezon

City: Miriam College. Labuguen, et al (2008).

Towards a Responsive Community Action. Malabon City:

Mutya Publishing House, Inc.
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REMINDER:
For your individual final requirements
1. All lecture worksheets should be written in manuscript form legibly.
Note: Do not encode your answers
Do not write or paste anything on the folder
Use black ink ballpen to write your answer

2. Compile all checked printed worksheets and place it in a white or cream short folder
(paper type) and place inside a long brown envelop and write your name, course and
section

3. Submission of printed worksheets compilation will be on

December 11 - 15, 2022 from 8:00 am to 4:00 pm

4. Submit your compilation of printed worksheets at

Integrated Laboratory School Elementary Department
SPED Room Number O – 5
Infront of WMSU Covered Court

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For your weekly group output
National Peace Consciousness Month in September is celebrated in
the Philippines every year due to Presidential Proclamation No. 675,
which was issued to instill consciousness and understanding of the
importance of peace in the Filipino people. This is essential to ensure
that the future generation in the country grow up with enlightened
understanding of peace never opt for war. Yes, attaining peace isn’t
and requires a lot of effort from all members of the community. This
years celebration carries the theme “Pagkakaisa at Paghilom: Isang
Bansa para sa Kapayapaan”, which aims to remind Filipinos that
through unity and cooperation, the nation can attain genuine and
long – lasting peace.
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For your weekly group output: Task Number 1

DIGITAL POSTER MAKING

1. Get a good photo from the internet that depicts the theme on PEACE EDUCATION.
2. Add some effects to the photo with the use of some applications.
3. Give the poster a title related to the given theme.
4. Add the credits to the bottom of the poster.
5. Add also a tagline.
6. Poster size is 8.5 X 11 inches (300 DPI), landscape layout. In layer and JPG file format.
7. Include your college seal, course and your virtue group name.
8. Deadline for submission of digital poster entry is on Tuesday October 4, 2022
from 7:00 am to 7:00 pm and submit your final output in our NSTP google drive.

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For your weekly group output: Task Number 2

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For your weekly group output: Task Number 2
VIDEO DOCUMENTATION MAKING

1. Only one output per virtue group or class.

2. Cover the series of lectures on September 28, 2022 from 1:00 t0 5:00 pm which will be
held at the WMSU Gymnasium.
3. Learn everything you can do about your video documentation of the said lecture event
spearheaded by AF and PNP.
4. Make a summary of the said lecture.
5. Assign videographers to cover the entire lecture event.
5. Begin video editing.
6. Minimum of 15 minutes and maximum of 30 minutes duration.
7. Include the names of all members of the group at the end of video documentation
8. Indicate this also: Submitted to: Prof. Joebert P. Alberto.
9. Deadline for submission of video documentary entries is on Tuesday October 4, 2022
from 7:00 am to 7:00 pm and submit your final output in our NSTP LTS google drive.

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Example

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Example

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