Ratio and Proportion, Indices, Logarithms

Ratio and Proportion, Indices, Logarithms

1. The inverse ratio of 11 : 15 is
(a) 15 : 11 (b) 11 : 15 (c) 121 : 225 (d) none of these

2. The ratio of two quantities is 3 : 4. If the antecedent is 15, the consequent is

(a) 16 (b) 60 (c) 22 (d) 20

3. The ratio of the quantities is 5 : 7. If the consequent of its inverse ratio is 5, the antecedent is
(a) 5 (b) 5 (c) 7 (d) none of these

4. The ratio compounded of 2 : 3, 9 : 4, 5 : 6 and 8 : 10 is

(a) 1:1 (b) 1:5 (c) 3:8 (d) none of these

5. The duplicate ratio of 3 : 4 is

(a) √ 3: 2 (b) 4:3 (c) 9 : 16 (d) none of these

6. The sub-duplicate ratio of 25 : 36 is

(a) 6:5 (b) 36 : 25 (c) 50 : 72 (d) 5:6

7. The triplicate ratio of 2 : 3 is

(a) 8 : 27 (b) 6:9 (c) 3:2 (d) none of these

8. The sub-triplicate ratio of 8 : 27 is

(a) 27 : 8 (b) 24 : 81 (c) 2:3 (d) none of these

9. The ratio compounded of 4 : 9 and the duplicate ratio of 3 : 4 is

(a) 1:4 (b) 1:3 (c) 3:1 (d) none of these

10. The ratio compounded of 4 : 9, the duplicate ratio of 3 : 4, the triplicate ratio of 2 : 3 and 9 : 7 is
(a) 2:7 (b) 7:2 (c) 2 : 21 (d) none of these

11. The ratio compounded of duplicate ratio of 4 : 5, triplicate ratio of 1 : 3, sub duplicate ratio of 81 :
256 and sub-triplicate ratio of 125 : 512 is

(a) 4 : 512 (b) 3 : 32 (c) 1 : 12 (d) none of these

12. If a : b = 3 : 4, the value of (2a+3b) : (3a+4b) is

(a) 54 : 25 (b) 8 : 25 (c) 17 : 24 (d) 18 : 25

13. Two numbers are in the ratio 2 : 3. If 4 be subtracted from each, they are in the ratio 3 : 5. The
numbers are
(a) (16, 24) (b) (4, 6) (c) (2, 3) (d) none of these

14. The angles of a triangle are in ratio 2 : 7 : 11. The angles are
(a) (200, 700, 900) (b) (300, 700, 800)

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 Ratio and Proportion, Indices, Logarithms

(c) (180, 630, 990) (d) None of these

15. Division of Rs. 324 between X and Y is in the ratio 11 : 7. X & Y would get Rupees
(a) (204, 120) (b) (200, 124) (c) (180, 144) (d) none of these

16. Anand earns Rs. 80 in 7 hours and Promode Rs. 90 in 12 hours. The ratio of their earnings is
(a) 32 : 21 (b) 23 : 12 (c) 8:9 (d) none of these

17. The ratio of two numbers is 7 : 10 and their difference is 105. The numbers are
(a) (200, 305) (b) (185, 290) (c) (245, 350) (d) none of these

18. P, Q and R are three cities. The ratio of average temperature between P and Q is 11 : 12 and that
between P and R is 9 : 8. The ratio between the average temperature of Q and R is
(a) 22 : 27 (b) 27 : 22 (c) 32 : 33 (d) none of these

19. If x : y = 3 : 4, the value of x2y + xy2 : x3 + y3 is

(a) 13 : 12 (b) 12 : 13 (c) 21 : 31 (d) none of these

20. If p : q is the sub-duplicate ratio of p–x2 : q–x2 then x2 is

p q pq
(a) (b) (c) (d) none of these
p+ q p+ q p+ q

21. If 2s : 3t is the duplicate ratio of 2s – p : 3t – p then

(a) p2 = 6st (b) p = 6st (c) 2p = 3st (d) none of these

22. If p : q = 2 : 3 and x : y = 4 : 5, then the value of 5px + 3qy : 10px + 4qy is

(a) 71 : 82 (b) 27 : 28 (c) 17 : 28 (d) none of these

23. The number which when subtracted from each of the terms of the ratio 19 : 31 reducing it to 1 : 4 is
(a) 15 (b) 5 (c) 1 (d) none of these

24. Daily earnings of two persons are in the ratio 4:5 and their daily expenses are in the ratio 7 : 9. If
each saves Rs. 50 per day, their daily earnings in Rs. are
(a) (40, 50) (b) (50, 40) (c) (400, 500) (d) none of these

25. The ratio between the speeds of two trains is 7 : 8. If the second train runs 400 kms. in 5 hours, the
speed of the first train is
(a) 10 Km/hr (b) 50 Km/hr (c) 70 Km/hr (d) none of these

Answer

1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (c) 6. (d) 7. (a) 8. (c)

9. (a) 10. (c) 11. (d) 12. (d) 13. (a) 14. (c) 15. (d) 16. (a)
17. (c) 18. (b) 19. (b) 20. (c) 21. (a) 22. (c) 23. (a) 24. (c)
25. (c)

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Additional Practice Questions

( ) ( )
−1 2 7 /2 −2 3 −5/ 2
6 7 6 7
1. The Value of 2 − 4 x 3 −5 is
6 7 6 7
(a) 0 (b) 252 (c) 250 (d) 248
2/ 7 2 /5 −9/ 7 5 /6
x x x x
2. The Value of −1/ 2 x 2 /3 x 2 /3 x −3/ 5 is
x x x x
(a) 1 (b) –1 (c) 0 (d) None

2x+3 x 3 2 x− y x 5 s+ y+3 x 6 y+1

3. On Simplification x+1 y+3 x Reduces to
6 x 10 x 15
(a) –1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 10

− y −1
9 .3 . ( 3 ) −27
y 2 y
1
4. if = then x - y is given by
3x
3 .2
3 27

(a) –1 (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) None

1 1 1

( ) ( ) ( )
1 1 1
5. Show that x a−b a−c x x b−c b−a x x c−a c−a is given by

(a) 1 (b) –1 (c) 3 (d) 0

x−1
16 ( 32 )x −23 x−2 . 4 x+1 5(5 )
6. Show that - is given by
15 ( 2 )
x−1
( 16 )
x
√ 52 x
(a) 1 (b) –1 (c) 4 (d) 0

( ) ( ) ( )
a a+ b b b+ c c c+a
x x x
7. Show that b x c x a is given by
x x x
(a) 0 (b) –1 (c) 3 (d) 1

√ √ √
2 2 2

(a+b ) xa (b+c) xb (c+a) xc

8. Show that 2 x 2 x 2 Reduces to
xb xc xa
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) –1 (d) None
1 1 1

( ) ( ) ( )
b +c c+ a a+ b
9. Show that x c−a a−b x x a−b b−c x x b−c c−a Reduces to

(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) –1 (d) None

( ) ( ) ( )
b a c b a c
x x x
10. Show that c x a x b Reduces to
x x x
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) 0 (d) 2

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 Ratio and Proportion, Indices, Logarithms

( ) ( ) ( )
b 1 c 1 a 1
x bc x ca x ab
11. Show that c x a x b Reduces to
x x x

(a) -1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) None

( ) ( ) ( )
a (a +ab+b ) b (b +bc+c ) c (c + ca+a )
2 2 2 2 2 2

x x x
12. Show that b x c x a is given by
x x x
(a) 1 (b) -1 (c) 0 (d) 3

13. If 2x+y = 4x8x16, then (x+y)2 is equal to

(a) 16 (b) 81 (c) 32 (d) 64

( ) ( ) ( )
b+ c−a b+ c−a a+ b−c
xb xc xa
14. Show that x x is given by
xc xa xb
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) –1 (d) None

( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2 2
a a −ab +b b b −bc+c c c −ca+a
x x x
15. Show that −b x −c x −a is Reduce to
x x x

x−2 (a +b +c )
2 2 2
(a) 1 (b)

x 2 (a +b +c ) x−2 (a +b +c )
3 3 3 3 3 3
(c) (d)
2 −1 −1 2 −1 −1 2 −1 −1
16. x
a b c
. xb c a
. xc a a
- x 3 would Reduce to Zero if a+b+c is given by
(a) 1 (b) –1 (c) 0 (d) None
z
17. The Value of z is given by the following if z z z √ z = ( z √ z )
3 −3 9
(a) 2 (b) (c) (d)
2 2 4

1 1 1
18. b−c + c −a + a −b would Reduce to One if a + b + c is given by
x + x +1 x + x +1 x + x + 1
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) –1 (d) None

1 1 1
19. On Simplification a−b a−c b −c b−a c−a would Reduces to
1+ z +z 1+ z +z 1+ z + z c−b
1 1
(a) 2 (a+b +c) (b) (a+b +c) (c) 1 (d) 0
z z

20. If (5.678)x = (05678)y = 10 x then

1 1 1 1 1 1
(a) - + =1 (b) - - =0
x y z x y z
1 1 1
(c) - + = -1 (d) None
x y z

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 Ratio and Proportion, Indices, Logarithms
1 −1
21. If x = 4 3 + 4 3 Prove that 4x3-12x is given by

(a) 12 (b) 13 (c) 15 (d) 17

1 −1
22. If x = 5 3 + 5 3 prove that 5x3 - 15x is given by

(a) 25 (b) 26 (c) 27 (d) 30

2 1
23. If 2 x 3 + bx 3 + c = 0 then the Value of a3x2 + b3 x+c3 is given by

(a) 3abcx (b) –3abcx (c) 3abc (d) –3abc

24. If ap = b, bq = c, c r = a the Value of pqr is given by

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) None

25. If ap = bq = cr and b2 = ac the Value of p (q+r)/ pr is given by

(a) 1 (b) –1 (c) 2 (d) None

[ ]
a b a +b
a−b b −a
x x
26. On Simplification a
÷ b Reduces to
x a+b
x b +a

(a) 1 (b) –1 (c) 0 (d) None

[ ] [ ] [ ]
ab a+b 2 2 b +c ca c+ a
x x
b +c
x
27. On Simplication 2
a +b
2 x bc
x 2
c +a
2 Reduces to
x x x
3 3 3 3 3 3
(a) x−2 a (b) x2 a (c) x−2(a ¿ ¿3 +b +c )¿ (d) x−2(a ¿ ¿3 +b +c )¿

[ ] [ ] [ ]
ab a+b bc b +c ca c+ a
x x x
28. On Simplification 2
a +b
2 x 2
b +c
2 x 2
c +a
2 Reduces to
x x x
3 3 3 3 3 3
(a) x
−2 a
(b) x
2a
(c) x−2(a ¿ ¿3 +b +c )¿ (d) x−2(a ¿ ¿3 +b +c )¿

( ) ( )
x+y y+ z
mx my
29. On Simplification x ÷ 3 (mx mx )x-z m Reduces to
my mz
−1 1
(a) 3 (b) −3 (c) (d)
3 3

1 1
30. The Value of y− x + x− y is given by
1+ a 1+ a
(a) –1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) None

1 1 1
31. If xyz = 1 then the Value of −1 + −1 + is
1+ x+ y 1+ y+ z 1+ z+ x −1
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 2 (d) None

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 Ratio and Proportion, Indices, Logarithms
1 1 1
32. If 2x = 3b = 6-c then the Value of - + Reduce to
c b c
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 2 (d) None

33. If 2a = 5b = 6-c,, then the Value of ab-c (2a+b) Reduces to

(a) 0 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 1

34. If 3a = 5b = (75)c, then the Value of ab-c(2a+b) Reduces to

(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 3 (d) 5

35. If 2a = 3b = (12)c,, then the Value of ab-c (a+2b) Reduces to

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3

1 1 1
36. If 22 = 4b = 8c and abc = 288 then the Value + + is given by
2a 4b 8c

1 −1 11 −11
(a) (b) (c) (d)
8 8 96 96

1 1 1 1
37. If ap = bq = cr = ds and ab = cd then the value of + - - Reduce to
p q r s
1 1
(a) (b) (c) 0 (d) 1
a b

( ) -a
a
a b
a
−1
38. If ab = b2, then the Value of b Reduces to
b
(a) a (b) b (c) 0 (d) None

39. If m = bx, n = by and (my nx) = b2 the Value of xy is given by

(a) –1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) None

40. If a = xym-1 b = xyn-1, c = xyp-1 then the Value of an-p x bp-m x cm-n Reduce to
(a) 1 (b) –1 (c) 0 (d) None

41. If a = xn+p ym, b = xp+m yp then the Value of an-p x bp-m x cm-n Reduces to
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) None

42. If a = √3 √ 2+ 1 - √3 √ 2−1 then the Value of 23 + 3a - 2 is

(a) 3 (b) 0 (c) –2 (d) 1

43. If a = x 1/ 3+ 3−1 /3 and a 3 - 3a is

(a) x+ x-1 (b) x-x-1 (c) 2x (d) 0

44. If a = 31 /4 + 3−1 /4 and b = 31 /4 - 3−1 / 4 then the Value of 3(a2 + b2)2 is

(a) 67 (b) 65 (c) 64 (d) 62

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1 1
45. Ifx = √ 3+ and y = √ 3− then x2-y2 is
√3 √3
1
(a) 5 (b) √3 (c) (d) 4
√3
4 √6 a+2 √ 2 a+2 √ 3
46. If a = then the Value of + is given by
√2+ √3 a−2 √ 2 a−2 √ 3
(a) 1 (b) −1 (c) 2 (d) -2

1
47. If P + √ 3 Q + √ 5 R + √ 15 S = then the Value of P is
1+ √3+ √ 5
(a) 7/11 (b) 3/11 (c) -1/11 (d) -2/11

48. If a = 3 + 2√ 2 then the Value of a1/2 + a-1/2 is

(a) √2 (b) -√ 2 (c) 2 √2 (d) -2 √ 2

49. If a = 3+2√ 2 then the Value of a1/2 - a1/2 is

(a) 2√ 2 (b) 2 (c) 2 √2 (d) -2 √ 2

1
50. If a = ( 5− √21 ) then the Value of a3 + a3 - 5a-2 + a +a-1 is
2
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 5 (d) –1
51. If a =
√
7+4 √3
7−4 √ 3
then the Value of [a(a-14)]2 is

(a) 14 (b) 7 (c) 2 (d) 1

52. If a = 3−√ 5 then the Value of a4 - a3 - 20a2 - 16a + 24 is

(a) 10 (b) 14 (c) 0 (d) 15

53. If a
√ 3+ √ 2 then the value of 2a4 - 21a3 + 12a2 - a + 1 is
√3−√ 2
(a) 21 (b) 1 (c) 12 (d) None

54. The Square root of 3 + √ 5 is

(a)
√ √ 5
2
+
1
2
(b) -
√ √ 5
2
+
1
2
(c) Both the above (d) None

55. If x = √ 2−√ 2− √ 2 ......∝ the Value of x is given by

(a) –2 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 0

56. If a =
√ 3+ √ 2 , b = √3−√ 2 then the Value of a + b is
√3−√ 2 √ 3+ √ 2

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 Ratio and Proportion, Indices, Logarithms

(a) 10 (b) 100 (c) 98 (d) 99

57. If a =
√ 3+ √ 2 , b = √3−√ 2 then the Value of a2 + b2 is
√3−√ 2 √ 3+ √ 2
(a) 10 (b) 100 (c) 98 (d) 99

58. If a =
√ 3+ √ 2 , b = √3−√ 2 then the Value of 1 + 1 is
√3−√ 2 √ 3+ √ 2 a2 b 2
(a) 10 (b) 100 (c) 98 (d) 99

59. The Square Root of x + √ x 2− y 2 is given by

1 1
(a) [ √ x + y + √ x− y ] (b) [ √ x + y −√ x − y ]
√2 2
(c) [ √ x+ y+ √ x− y ] (d) [ √ x+ y−√ x− y ]
60. The Square Root of 11- √ 120 is given by
(a) √ 6+ √ 5 (b) √ 6−√5
(c) 2 √ 3−3 √ 2 (d) 2 √ 3+ 3 √ 2

61. log (1+2+3) is Exactly Equal to

(a) log 1 + log 2 + log 3 (b) log (1×2×3)
(c) Both the above (d) None

62. The Logarithm of 21952 to the base of 2√ 7 and 19683 to the base of 3√ 3 are
(a) Equal (b) Not equal (c) Have a difference of 2269 (d) None

8 16
63. The Value of is 4 log - 3log - log5 is
25 125
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) –1

64. alogb-logc x blogc-loga x cloga-logb has a Value of

(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) –1 (d) None

1 1 1
65. + + is equal to
log ab ( abc ) log bc ( abc ) log ca ( abc )
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) –1

1 1 1
66. + + is equal to
1+ log a ( bc ) 1+ log b ( ca ) 1+ log c ( ab )
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) –1

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 Ratio and Proportion, Indices, Logarithms
1 1 1
67. + + is equal to
log a /b ( x ) log b /c ( x ) log c /a ( x )
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) –1

68. logb (a). logc (b) . loga (c) is equal to

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) None

69. logb (a1/2) . loge (b3) . loga (c2/3) is equal to

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) None

70. The Value of is alog b/c . blog c/a . cloga/b

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) None

71. The Value of (bc)log b/c . blog c/a . (ab)log a/b is

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) None
n n n
a b c
72. The Value of log n + log n + log n is
b c a
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) None
2
a2 b2 c
73. The Value of log + log + log n is
bc ca a
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) None

74. Log (29) + log a = 10 if the Value of a is given by

(a) 0 (b) 10 (c) –1 (d) None

loga logb logc

75. If = = the Value of abc is
y−z z−x x− y
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) None

loga logb logc

76. If = = the Value of ay+z bz+x cx+y is given by
y−z z−x x− y
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) None

1 1
77. If loga = logb = logc the Value of a4 b3 c-2 is
2 5
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) None

1 1 1
78. If loga = logb = logc the Value of a4 - bc is
2 3 5
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) None

1 1 1
79. If log2a = log2b = - log2c the Value of a3 b2 c is
4 6 24
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) None

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 Ratio and Proportion, Indices, Logarithms
1 1
80. The Value of + is
log a ( ab) log b (a b)
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) None

1 1 1 1
81. If + + + then the Value if z is given by
log a t log b t log c t log z t
(a) abc (b) a+b+c (c) a(b + c) (d) (a + b)c

1 1 1
82. If l = 1 + loga bc, m = 1 + logb ca, n = 1 + logc ab then the Value of + + - 1 is
l l l
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) 3

83. If a = b2 = c3 = d4 then the Value of loga (abcd) is

1 1 1 1 1 1
(a) 1+ + + (b) 1+ + +
2 3 4 2! 3! 4 !
(c) 12+3+4 (d) None
2 3 n
84. The Sum of the Series logab + log a b + log a b + .....log a b is given by
2 3 n

(a) n
log a b (b) log a b
n (c) log a b n n (d) None

1
85. log b a has a Value of
a
(a) a (b) b (b) b (c) (a+b) (d) None

86. The Value of the following Expression a log b . log a b c. log c d .log d t
is given by
(a) t (b) abcdt (c) (a + b +c + d + t) (d) None

87. For any Three Consecutive Integers x y z the Equation log (1+xz) - 2logy = 0 is
(a) True (b) False (c) Sometimes true
(d) cannot be determined in the cases of variables with cyclic order.

a+b 1 a b
88. If log = (loga logb) then the Value of + is
3 2 b a
(a) 2 (b) 5 (c) 7 (d) 3

a+b loga logb

89. If a2 + b2 = 7ab then the Value of is log - -
3 2 2
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) 7

1
90. If a3 + b3 = 0 then the Value of log(a+b) - (loga + logb + log3) is equal to
2
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) 3

91. If x = logabc ; y = logb ca ; z = logcab then the value of xyz - x - y - z is

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) 2
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 Ratio and Proportion, Indices, Logarithms

92. On Solving the Equation logt + log(t-3) = 1 we get the Value of t as

(a) 5 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 0

93. On Solving the Equation log3 [log2 (log3t)] = 1 we get the Value of t as
(a) 8 (b) 18 (c) 81 (d) 6561

94. On Solving the Equation log1/2 [logt (log4 32)] = 2 we get the Value of t as
(a) 5/2 (b) 25/4 (c) 625/16 (d) None

95. If (4.8)x = (0.48)y = 1,000 then the Value of 1/x - 1/y is

(a) 3 (b) -3 (c) 1/3 (d) -1/3

96. If x2a-3 y2a = x6-a y 5a then the Value of alog (x/y) is

(a) 3 log x (b) log x (c) 6 log x (d) 5 log x
n −n
e −e
97. If x = n −n then the Value of n is
e +e
1 1+ x 1+ x
(a) log e (b) log e
2 1−x 1−x

1−x 1 1−x
(c) log e (d) log e
1+ x 2 1+ x

Answer.

1. (b) 18. (b) 35. (a) 52. (c) 69. (b) 86. (a)
2. (a) 19. (c) 36. (c) 53. (b) 70. (b) 87. (a)
3. (c) 20. (b) 37. (c) 54. (a) 71. ( b) 88. (c)
4. (b) 21. (d) 38. (c) 55. (b) 72. (a) 89. (a)
5. (a) 22. (b) 39. (c) 56. (a) 73. (a) 90. (a)

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 Ratio and Proportion, Indices, Logarithms

6. (a) 23. (a) 40. (a) 57. (c) 74. (b) 91. (d)
7. (d) 24. (b) 41. (b) 58. (c) 75. (b) 92. (a)
8. (a) 25. (c) 42. (b) 59. (a) 76. (b) 93. (d)
9. (a) 26. (d) 43. (a) 60. (b) 77. (b) 94. (c)
10. (a) 27. (a) 44. (c) 61. (c) 78. (a) 95. (c)
11. (c) 28. (c) 45. (d) 62. (a) 79. (b) 96. (a)
12. (a) 29. (d) 46. (c) 63. (a) 80. (b) 97. (a)
13. (b) 30. (c) 47. (a) 64. (a) 81. (a)
14. (a) 31. (a) 48. (c) 65. (c) 82. (a)
15. (c) 32. (b) 49. (b) 66. (b) 83. (a)
16. (c) 33. (a) 50. (a) 67. (a) 84. (a)
17. (d) 34. (b) 51. (d) 68. (b) 85. (b)

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