Journal of Integrated and Advanced Engineering

(JIAE)
Vol. 2, No. 2, September 2022: 147-157
http://asasijournal.id/index.php/jiae
http://doi.org/10.51662/jiae.v2i2.87

Design & Fabrication of Automatic Color & Weight-

Based Sorting System on Conveyor Belt
Tasnuva Jahan Nuva1*, Md. Imteaz Ahmed2, Sarker Safat Mahmud1
1
Department of Mechatronics and Industrial Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh

Abstract Keywords:
Object sorting is a basic process that is employed in a variety of disciplines in our Arduino Mega:
daily lives for our convenience. Previously, the sorting operation was done by hand Collecting Box;
using labor justification. Because product quality does not remain consistent during Conveyor;
the typical sorting process, it adds complexity to the segregation of products based on DC motor;
their height, color, size, and weight. This method is also time-consuming and slows Load Cell;
down output. To overcome these problems, Low-Cost Automation (LCA) has been Servo motors;
implemented in the sorting system, which aims to reduce production time, labor cost,
and processing complexity, improve product quality, increase production rate, etc. So, Article History:
in this project, an effective method has been developed for automatically sorting the Received: September 4, 2022
object based on color and weight. This method uses a conveyor belt, strain gauge load Revised: September 16, 2022
cell, DC motor, servo motor, TCS 34725 RGB color sensor, LCD, LED, and LDR to Accepted: September 20, 2022
identify, separate, and collect the objects according to their color and weight. Arduino Published: September 25, 2022
is used to controlling all the processes. This work has sorted three types of colors -red,
, green, and blue, and the weight of different ranges. Firstly, the weights have been Corresponding Author:
sorted by load cell, and then the desired colors have been sorted by color sensor. A Tasnuva Jahan Nuva,
bucket at the end of the conveyor belt can be rotated depending on the signal sent from Department of Mechatronics
the Arduino to collect the box. The collecting box has a specific portion in a particular and Industrial
color. Hence, it could be rotated at a specific angle for an exact weight for red, blue, Engineering.CUET.
and green colors. Bangladesh
Email:
This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license [email protected]

INTRODUCTION
The shift of an economy from one that is primarily agricultural to one that is reliant on
product manufacture is known as industrialization. Individual manual work is regularly
displaced by mechanized industrial manufacture, and assembly lines frequently replace
craftsmen. Economic development, more productive separation of labor, and the usage of
technical advancement to address challenges are both characteristics of industrialization
compared to reliance on conditions outside human influence [1]. Industrialization plays a
vital role in the economic growth of any underdeveloped country. From the previous record,
developed countries broke their poverty by creating industrialization rather than
concentrating on agriculture or natural resources.
Nowadays, automation plays a vital role in making industrial operations more efficient
and flexible. The use of control systems, such as computers or robots, and information
technology for handling various processes and machinery in an industry to replace a human
being is known as industrial automation. It is the next step in the industrialization process
after mechanization [2]. Automation includes maximum production rates, raised
productivity, improved worker safety, reduced production time, and excellent product
quality. Enhanced productivity and maximum output are the two biggest causes of using
automation.

T. J. Nuva et al., Design & Fabrication of Automatic Color & Weight-Based Sorting System on … 147
Journal of Integrated and Advanced Engineering (JIAE)
Vol. 2, No. 2, September 2022: 147-157

The manufacturing industry has some products with little differentiation in color, weight,
size, height, and shape. For this, sorting plays a vital role in any production system.
Previously, sorting was done manually by labor, but it is a very difficult and time-
consuming system. To address these issues, an automated sorting system was created.
However, the economy is an important element in the development of every sector. As a
result, Low-Cost Automation (LCA) must be improved in order to sort the pieces efficiently.
Therefore, the Low-Cost Automation System (LCA) has been developed in this project for
sorting objects by color and weight [3].
The objectives of this system are: to design a system that can sort the objects according to
their color and weight, to fabricate the system for simultaneous sorting, to collect the objects
according to their color and weight into the collecting box, and to find the object sorting
precision and accuracy based on color and weight. Some scopes while designing this system
are: in the food processing industry too, sorting and packaging the products, scaling and
classification of agricultural goods, pharmaceutical businesses, assembling the same color
products in one packing box, and where risky and repeated works are performed.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Previous Work
Due to technical advances and the need to run factories rapidly, the developed world's
production rate has increased dramatically. Normally, manufacturers create the same
commodity type with no weight, color, height, or shape changes. And it's at this point that
the sorting process kicks in. In this case, companies are unlikely to accept human errors as a
consequence of commodity sorting. Therefore, it is now critical to increasing Low-Cost
Automation to sort these materials (LCA) properly. This project is about a color-based
sorting device that can be used in any industrial environment. It is important because we
want a precise result, but it will struggle if the loss is large. Many scholars have worked on
these issues.
Thike et al. [4] have improved the Automatic Color Sorting Machine on Belt Conveyor,
which is based on an RGB color sensor to sort objects according to their color. They used
Arduino UNO, TCS230 color sensor, DC motor to control conveyor, robotic arm etc.
Kunhimohammed et al. [5] improved the Automatic Color Sorting Machine Using TCS230
Rudresh et al. [6] advanced a project on a material handling system. The robotic arm has
been used to pick and place objects on moving conveyor belts. Depending on the colour
sensor, robotic arm robotic arm grasps objects and placing into correct position and returns
to normal position. Patel et al. [7] published a paper about sorting objects according to their
colour using a TCS3200 colour sensor, Arduino UNO, and Servo motor. This process has
been developed by the Internet of Things (IoT) and Global System for Mobile
Communication (GSM) modules. Fernandes et al. [8] advanced a project utilizing a robotic
arm to identify and sort items based on color and form. The machine uses a web camera to
record real-time images, which are then converted from RGB to HSV (hue, saturation,
value). The method then uses the contour detection technique to determine the shape of the
target. Amhani et al. [9] developed a project to detect ten different colors and differentiate
between them. The materials, operating theory, relations, measurements, effects, and errors
will all be explained in this article. The device is designed to identify and distinguish
between ten distinct colors. Bhaskar et al. [10] designed a project about color sorting of
objects by a robotic arm. They have a robotic arm that can pick up various colored cubes
and arrange them into various cups. Photo analysis using a webcam is used to create the
color processing.

148 T. J. Nuva et al., Design & Fabrication of Automatic Color & Weight-Based Sorting System on …
 p-ISSN: 2774-602X e-ISSN: 2774-6038

Jyothi et al. [11] improved a project about separating objects based on color and size on a
conveyor belt. Here they used Arduino Uno and wireless monitoring system. Bargal et al.
[12] have developed a project about PLC based object sorting system. They have built an
LCA system for sorting lightweight items based on height variation, which is operated by
DC geared motors. The object is passed in front of sensors by the Programmable Logic
Controller (PLC) and the conveyor in the device, and sorting logic is determined. Yadav et
al. [13] have invented a project about color sorting system based on IoT. Arduino, dc
motors, and a mechanical arm are used here for controlling the robotic arm, which separates
objects according to color. The outcome of this project can be stored on the cloud
Thingspeak. Adebimpe et al. [14] discovered a system that can identify objects according to
color. A robotic arm used to sort objects. Yang et al. [15] published a paper about sorting
systems according to height on a conveyor belt using PLC. Also used photo electric sensor.
Sasidhar et al [16] presented the Color Sorting Machine is controlled by a Programmable
Logic Control (PLC) and SCADA-based control system. Dezaki et al. [17] designed A
pneumatic conveyor robot for color detection and sorting. This project aims to design and
construct an automated and intelligent mechatronic conveyor system for carrying and
positioning circular products in the manufacturing and packaging industries.
Vandana et al. [18] have developed an S71200-PLC-based sorting system according to
the color of the objects. They used a TCS2300 Color sensor, electromagnetic actuators and a
conveyor belt. Patunkar et al. [19] have designed PLC based sorting system for height, and
weight. They also used a Color sensor, a Pneumatic actuator, and, a Conveyor belt. Dunakhe
et al. [20] developed PLC-based color sorting system in the Conveyor belt. They used
Image processing algorithms to sort objects according to parameters. Ananthi et al. [21]
designed and fabricated color based automatic yarn carrier sorting machine. The Pneumatic
cylinder has used to transfer yarn in their respective place. Raj [22] et al. have advanced
Ardino-based product sorting systems according to size. The system consists of a proximity
sensor, pneumatic actuator, IR sensor, and conveyor belt. Another work we have done on
color sorting using color sensor and something like that [23].
Kumbhar et al. [24] proposed a system where weight is used as a sorting criterion in this
paper's proposed sorting algorithm. The constructed machine tries to use mechanical and
electronic components in conjunction with one another. The load cell arrangement takes
center stage in the system. Kannaki et al. [25] developed a system for design, construction,
assembly, and commissioning of an automatic Sorting machine using a Weighing
mechanism are presented in this work. Weighing scales or weighing machines are the most
common methods of measurement. Weighing machines are measuring instruments used to
determine an object's weight or mass. Anekar et al. [26] have proposed an effective method
for identifying and distinguishing items based on their weight and color using a load cell,
inductive sensor, and TCS 230 color sensor. A microcontroller is used to power the device.
The sorting of items as a whole is used. Objects that do not meet the system's requirements
are rejected and discarded by a pneumatic cylinder moving them out of the conveyor line.
Prasad et al [27] developed an automatic sorting machine prototype uses a pneumatic
system to allow systematic sorting of carton boxes according to their sizes, which is
accomplished using pneumatic cylinders and direction control valves. Ali et al. [28] have
developed an LCA system for multi-machine operation and sorting light weight objects
based on height variation using DC geared motors, induction motors, and stepper motors
that are controlled by a PLC, Variable Frequency Drive (VFD), and the conveyor in the
system passes the object in front of sensors and thus sorting logic is decided.

T. J. Nuva et al., Design & Fabrication of Automatic Color & Weight-Based Sorting System on … 149
Journal of Integrated and Advanced Engineering (JIAE)
Vol. 2, No. 2, September 2022: 147-157

Aruna et al. [29] invented an Automatic conveyor System with In–Process Sorting
Mechanism using PLC and HMI System. Many businesses use the same conveyor belt to
transport task parts of varied sizes, which must be separated at various points along the
manufacturing line. They are employing an automated procedure to separate materials of
various sizes for this purpose. Yadav et al. [30] improved an LCA (Low-Cost Automation)
system that has been devised to categorize things according to their height. The PLC is in
charge of this LCA system (PLC). This project is divided into two sections. The first is
software that comprises ladder logic programming and is used to program a PLC that
controls the entire project's operation. The second component is the hardware, which
includes conveyors for transporting the articles and sensors for detecting their height.

Method
In this project, the conveyor belt was initially designed in Fusion 360 software. Then, it
was made by frame, roller, pillow block, motor and belt. On the front side of the conveyor
belt, the load cell and servo mechanism were mounted, and at the end of the conveyor belt,
there is a collecting box with a red, blue and green portion for collecting objects. All of the
hardware equipment was attached above the conveyor belt. Arduino has controlled the
whole system. Power supply has been given through the adapter for activating the sorting
system. And then, a full color and weight-based sorting were obtained. The process is shown
in Figure 1.

Design and Construction of Conveyor belt

Designing an automated sorting machine with a conveyor belt to meet the industrial
business's needs in various fields is difficult. The system must meet industry demands [31].
Conveyor systems come in various shapes and sizes, and a belt conveyor system is one of
them. A belt conveyor system is made up of the following components: Belt, roller, dc
motor, Aluminum bar etc. Also, Fusion 360 software is used to design conveyor belts. The
design of the conveyor belt is shown in Figure 2. The conveyor belt is driven by three
plastic rollers, and a dc motor is used to activate the conveyor belt. The frame of the
conveyor belt is made of an Aluminum bar. The plastic rollers have been used, so the
conveyor did not run smoothly. Moreover, it slipped with a plastic roller. Silica paste and
super glue mixed were used to overcome this problem. The final Conveyor belt is in Figure
3.

Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of Whole Process

150 T. J. Nuva et al., Design & Fabrication of Automatic Color & Weight-Based Sorting System on …
 p-ISSN: 2774-602X e-ISSN: 2774-6038

Figure 2. Designing Conveyor Belt in Fusion 360 Figure 3. Conveyor Belt

Development of Mechanical Structure

Adjusted Color Sensor, Arduino Mega, LDR, LED, LCD, Motor Driver Module, Buck
converter, above the Conveyor Belt in is depicted in Figure 4. At the very beginning of the
conveyor belt, the weight sensor and servo motor have been adjusted. Here weight sensor
can measure the weight of objects, and a servo motor is used for pushing objects backwards
and forward. The adjustment is shown in Figure 5. Adjusted Color Sensor, Arduino Mega,
LDR, LED, LCD, Motor Driver Module, and Buck converter above the Conveyor Belt can
be seen in Figure 6. The collecting box was fixed at the end of the conveyor belt. That was
used for the collection of required coloring objects. This box has three portions for three
different color. This process has shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 to become a complete
sorting machine.

Figure 4. Components above the conveyor belt Figure 5. Servo mechanism and Load cell

Figure 6. Adjusted all components above the Figure 7. Adjusted Collecting Box
conveyor belt.

Figure 8. Color and weight-based Sorting Machine

T. J. Nuva et al., Design & Fabrication of Automatic Color & Weight-Based Sorting System on … 151
Journal of Integrated and Advanced Engineering (JIAE)
Vol. 2, No. 2, September 2022: 147-157

Development of Electrical System

220V AC power supply has been given through the power adapter to activate the sorting
system. The adapter converted the 220V AC into a 12V DC supply. Buck module then
converted 12V DC into 5V DC supply. Then 5V power was given to Arduino, sensors,
LED, LCD and motors. Here, sensors are input, and motors are output for Arduino. The
circuit diagram of proposed system is depicted in Figure 9.

Working Process of Weight and Color Sorting System

Generally, the working process of the systems can be seen in Figure 10. The explanation
is as follows. At first, the power supply was given through the adapter and pressed the
button for initialization of the system. Then, LCD started to display this project in Figure 11.
Secondly, the objects of different color and weights are put on the weight sensor for
measuring weight, and the measuring weights have shown on the LCD. Then, the response
of the weight sensor is sent to the Arduino mega.
So, the objects with a range of weight of 100-250gm were pushed into the conveyor belt.
The range of weight of 30-99gm was pushed outside the conveyor belt through the servo
mechanism. The process is shown in Figure 12. Then, the response of the weight sensor is
sent to the Arduino mega. So, the objects with the range of weight of 100-250gm were
pushed into the conveyor belt and out of the range of 100-250gm were pushed outside the
conveyor belt through the servo mechanism. The objects were then sensed by color sensor
for three colors as Blue, Red, Green and also unknown color. And the detected color showed
on the LCD. Such as Red color detected. Blue and Green colors were also detected in same
process in Figure 13, as no color was detected.
Then, Arduino sent a signal to the DC motor, and the conveyor rotated reversely, and
objects were back into the initial position of the conveyor. Then, the LCD showed Pick up
your product in Figure 14. Finally, color and weight sorting are perfectly done, as shown in
Figure 15.

Figure 9. Circuit Diagram

152 T. J. Nuva et al., Design & Fabrication of Automatic Color & Weight-Based Sorting System on …
 p-ISSN: 2774-602X e-ISSN: 2774-6038

Figure.10: Flow Chart of the sorting process

Figure 11. LCD Display Figure 12. Pushed out the product out of the range of
weight 100-250gm

Figure 13. Color and weight sorting for Red color Figure 14. Color and weight sorting for no color
object object

T. J. Nuva et al., Design & Fabrication of Automatic Color & Weight-Based Sorting System on … 153
Journal of Integrated and Advanced Engineering (JIAE)
Vol. 2, No. 2, September 2022: 147-157

Figure 15. Objects are in the collecting box in their respective portion

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The changes or consequences that are projected to occur as a result of implementing the
project are referred to as project results. The outcomes are overwhelmingly favourable. The
design and manufacture of a conveyor belt, and the output of expected color and weight
sorting procedures, will be discussed in this chapter. Accuracy and precision have also been
discussed for various colors of things.

Accuracy and Precision

Table 1 shows the designed system's capabilities in the conveyor movement. It is proven
that the system can distinguish colors from the detection results. If a color is detected that is
part of the red, blue or red color, the system moves forward. In addition to those colors, the
system moves backwards. Meanwhile, the load detection process is to give effect to the
direction of conveyor movement. If the weight of the load is in the range of 100-250gm then
move the conveyor in same direction. However, if the load weight is in the range of 1-99gm
or more than 250gm, the feeding conveyor moves in the opposite direction. The results of
this test are shown in Table 2.
In testing the color sensor calibration accuracy gives very good results. All tests carried
out up to 5 times, the color sensor calibration accuracy has a 100% result. While the
accuracy of the load sensor calibration test gives good results, with a range of 96.30-
99.44%. The results of this test accuracy are shown in Table 3 and Table 4, respectively.
Meanwhile, Table 5 shows the test results of the sample sorting chart on the basis of color
and weight. Overall, the results of this test have accuracy for color 100% and accuracy for
weight 99%.
Table 1. Color sorting parameter
Color Movement direction
RED, BLUE, GREEN Forward movement
Without RGB color Backward movement

Table 2. Weight sorting parameter

Weight
Movement direction
(gm)
100-250 Conveyor
1-99 and >250 Opposite to conveyor

154 T. J. Nuva et al., Design & Fabrication of Automatic Color & Weight-Based Sorting System on …
 p-ISSN: 2774-602X e-ISSN: 2774-6038

Table 3. Color calibration of color sensor

Color sensor reading (5 values) Accuracy Precision
Actual color 1st value 2nd value 3rd value 4th value 5th value (%)
RED Red Red Red Red Red 100 High
BLUE Blue Blue Blue Blue Blue 100 High
GREEN Green Green Green Green Green 100 High
WHITE No color No color No color No color No color 100 High

Table 4. Weight calibration of strain gauge

Strain Gauge Weight (3 Values)
Actual Weight Accuracy
1st value 2nd value 3rd value Precision
(gm) (%)
(gm) (gm) (gm)
50 49.22 49.40 49.46 98.72 High
100 100.90 100.61 100.16 99.44 High
150 148.82 147.97 145.21 98.22 High
200 194.31 194.28 190.42 96.50 High
250 247.54 243.88 260.17 96.30 High
500 522.47 489.55 479.97 96.47 High

Table 5. 21 samples sorting chart on the basis of color and weight

Sl. Actual Color and Weight from strain Color from RGB Accuracy for weight Accuracy for
Weight gauge sensor (%) Color
(gm) (gm) (%)
0 Red- 138 137 RED 99.27 100
1 Green-134 127.66 GREEN 95.26 100
2 Red-135 150.14 RED 88.785 100
3 Blue-138 118.41 BLUE 85.80 100
4 Green-134 134.25 GREEN 99.813 100
5 Red-135 126.79 RED 93.9185 100
6 Blue-138 142.48 BLUE 96.75 100
7 White-135 131.24 NONE 97.21 100
8 Red-135 125.61 RED 93.04 100
9 White-134 142.14 NONE 94.71 100
10 Blue-138 129.30 BLUE 93.695 100
11 Green-134 130.93 GREEN 97.70 100
12 White-135 148.93 NONE 89.68 100
13 Blue-138 125.86 BLUE 91.20 100
14 White-135 116.88 NONE 86.577 100
15 Red-135 124.05 RED 91.888 100
16 Green-134 138.39 GREEN 96.72 100
17 Blue-138 137.39 BLUE 99.557 100
18 Red-135 134.01 RED 99.26 100
19 Green-134 131.99 GREEN 98.50 100
20 Blue-138 129.53 BLUE 93.86 100

CONCLUSION
Industrial manufacturing procedures are becoming more competitive and complex these
days. With high quality and precision, supply product management, from raw material to
final product, is a critical component of any manufacturing process. As a result, any large-
scale industry that performs mass production would benefit from an automatic color and
weight sorting system. This project will boost production rate, repeatability, labor cost
reduction, error reduction, and labor material handling time. This sorting system will
automatically separate things based on their weight and color and package the products. The
sorting system comprises mechanical and electrical components like an Arduino, a load cell,
sensors, a conveyor belt, a collecting box, and motors, among other things. This sorting
system will save money and be simple in any industry. Finally, this sorting method will be
critical in industries and a country's economic progress.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to express their gratitude to the Mechanical Engineering and
Mechatronics and Industrial Engineering departments at Chittagong University of
Engineering & Technology for their technological assistance. We would like to convey our

T. J. Nuva et al., Design & Fabrication of Automatic Color & Weight-Based Sorting System on … 155
Journal of Integrated and Advanced Engineering (JIAE)
Vol. 2, No. 2, September 2022: 147-157

heartfelt gratitude to all of our family members, friends, and anyone who assisted us in any
way during the project's development. Finally, I want to express my gratitude to the
Almighty for all that He has made possible.

REFERENCES
[1] NN, What is the relationship between industrial revolution, industrialization and industrial relations? –
Quora, https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-relationship-between-industrial-revolution-industrialization-
and-industrial-relations (accessed Sep. 10, 2019)
[2] NN, What is Industrial Automation? - Sure Controls, https://www.surecontrols.com/what-is-industrial-
automation/ (accessed Apr. 26, 2022)
[3] A. K. Singh and M. S. R. Ali, “Automatic sorting of object by their colour and dimension with speed or
process control of induction motor,” 2017 International Conference on Circuit ,Power and Computing
Technologies (ICCPCT), 2017, doi: 10.1109/ICCPCT.2017.8074289
[4] A. Thike, Z. Z. Moe San, and D. Z. Min Oo, “Design and Development of an Automatic Color Sorting
Machine on Belt Conveyor,” International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Applied Science,” vol.
8, no. 7, pp. 176–179, Jul. 2019, doi: 10.7753/ijsea0807.1002
[5] C. K. Kunhimohammed, M. S. K. K, S. Sahna, M. S. Gokul, and S. U. Abdulla, “Automatic Color
Sorting Machine Using TCS230 Color Sensor And PIC Microcontroller,” International Journal of
Research and Innovations in Science and Technology, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 33–38, 2015
[6] H. G. Rudresh, P. S. P, and A. I. T. Ie, “Colour Sensor Based Object Sorting Robot,” International
Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), vol. 4, no. 8, pp. 504–507, 2017
[7] H. Patel and R. Joy, “IOT Color Based Object Sorting Machine,” International Journal of Applied
Engineering Research, vol. 13, no. 10, pp. 7383–7387, 2018.
[8] L. Fernandes and B. R. Shivakumar, “Identification and Sorting of Objects based on Shape and Colour
using robotic arm,” Proc. 4th Int. Conf. Inven. Syst. Control. ICISC 2020, February, pp. 866–871, 2020,
doi: 10.1109/ICISC47916.2020.9171196.
[9] A. Amhani and Z. Iqbal, “Automated color sensor system using LDR and RGB leds controlled by
Arduino,” ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, vol. 12, no. 19, pp. 5532–5537, 2017.
[10] P. S. Bhaskar, “Colour Sorting System with Robotic Arm,” International Journal for Innovative
Research in Science & Technology, vol. 2, no. 10, pp. 267–272, 2016.
[11] H. S. Jyothi and B. K. Harsha, “Design A Conveyor Based on Size and Color Separation of Product
Using Arduino Uno Microcontroller,” International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT), vol.
5, no. 4, pp. 2532–2539, 2017
[12] P. N. Bargal, A. Deshpande, R. Kulkarni, and R. Moghe, “PLC Based Object Sorting Automation,”
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), pp. 103–108, 2016
[13] A. Yadav, A. Zanzane, S. Soni, S. Teli, and P. Kamble, “Color Based Product Sorting Machine Using
PLC,” SSRN Electronic Journal, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 25–29, 2019, doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3372980
[14] A. M. Adebimpe, D. C. Uguru-Okorie and E. O. Oluwagunwa, “Design and Production of an Automatic
Solid Waste Sorting Machine with Smart Digital Counter,’ Nigerian Journal of Technology, vol. 41, no.
3, pp. 542-546, 2022, doi: 10.4314/njt.v41i3.14
[15] H. Yang, G. Hu and L. Lu, "Research on an Automatic Sorting System Based on Machine Vision," 2022
International Seminar on Computer Science and Engineering Technology (SCSET), 2022, pp. 27-31, doi:
10.1109/SCSET55041.2022.00016
[16] K. Sasidhar, S. Farooqi, M. A. Moin, and M. Sachin, “Design and Development of a Colour Sorting
Machine using PLC and SCADA,” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI),
vol. 5, no. 7, pp. 198–202, 2018
[17] M. L. Dezaki, S. Hatami, A. Zolfagharian, and M. Bodaghi, “A pneumatic conveyor robot for color
detection and sorting,” Cognitive Robotics, vol. 2, no. March, pp. 60–72, 2022, doi:
10.1016/j.cogr.2022.03.001
[18] S. Vandana, K. Shamukha Sri Sai, P. Rohila, and V. Manideep, “PLC Operated Colour Based Product
Sorting machine,” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 1119, no. 1, p.
012016, 2021, doi: 10.1088/1757-899x/1119/1/012016
[19] P. A. S. Y. T. R. K. M. Prashant Patunkar, “Design and Development of Product Sorting Conveyor Belt
using PLC,” International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), vol. 8, no. 6, pp.
4337–4340, 2021
[20] A. Dunakhe, P. Sakhe, A, Sangale and A. Dakre, “PLC based Color Sorting Conveyor System,”
International Journal of Engineering Research in Electronics and Communication Engineering

156 T. J. Nuva et al., Design & Fabrication of Automatic Color & Weight-Based Sorting System on …
 p-ISSN: 2774-602X e-ISSN: 2774-6038

(IJERECE), vol. 8, no. 8, pp. 21–24, 2021

[21] K. Ananthi, S. Priyadharshini, S. Sabarikannan, R. Dharshini, and K. Dharshini, “Design and Fabrication
of Color based Automatic Yarn Carrier Sorting Machine,” 2021 7th Int. Conf. Adv. Comput. Commun.
Syst. ICACCS 2021, pp. 677–682, 2021, doi: 10.1109/ICACCS51430.2021.9441995
[22] H. B. Raj, K. S. Reddy, and M. T. Student, “Arduino Based Product Sorting Machine,” Journal of
Engineering Sciences, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 51–58, 2020
[23] T. Jahan, Md. I. Ahmed, Md. A. Rahman" Designed and Fabrication Of Color Sorting Machine For
Industrial Conveyor Based Process" International Conference on Big Data, IOT and Machine Learning
(BIM 2021), September, 2021, pp.98-105
[24] Y. S. Kumbhar, C. M. Shete, O. M. Kulkarni, and G. B. Firame, “Design and Fabrication of Automatic
Weight Sorting Machine,” International Conference on Ideas, Impact and Innovation in Mechanical
Engineering (ICIIIME 2017), vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 1680-1683, June 2017
[25] S. Kannaki, S. Karthigai Lakshmi, V. Harish, R. Manikandan, and G. Saktheeswaran, “Development of
advanced automatic sorting machine using weighing mechanism,” International Journal of Recent
Technology and Engineering, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 1703–1707, 2019, doi: 10.35940/ijrte.C4451.098319.
[26] Y. M. Anekar, V. S. Koli, S. D. Degloorkar, S. B. Bharamgonda, and Y. R. Mahulkar, “Development of
an Automatic Sorting Machine based on product colour and weight characteristics with Conveyor Belt
and sensors,” International Journal of Advance Research in Science and Engineering, vol. 7, no. 4, pp.
46–52, 2018
[27] T. A. Gray, “Automatic Sorting & Machine Productivity.,” Technical Papers - SME, no. TE74-154 Apr
29-May 3 974, 1974
[28] M. S. Ali and M. S. R. Ali, "Automatic multi machine operation with product sorting and packaging by
their colour and dimension with speed control of motors," 2017 International Conference on Advances in
Electrical Technology for Green Energy (ICAETGT), 2017, pp. 88-92, doi:
10.1109/ICAETGT.2017.8341466
[29] Y. V Aruna and S. Beena, “Automatic convey or System with In – Process Sorting Mechanism using
PLC and HMI System,” International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, vol. 5, no. 11,
pp. 37–42, 2015.
[30] R. R. Yadav, S. S. More, O. N. Mutekar, A. L. Mogal, and R. S. Mahale, “Multilevel Object Sorting
System using PLC Controller,” International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET),
vol. 6, no. 5, 2019
[31] H. Chopra et al., "Efficient Fruit Grading System Using Spectrophotometry and Machine Learning
Approaches," in IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 21, no. 14, pp. 16162-16169, 2021, doi:
10.1109/JSEN.2021.3075465.

T. J. Nuva et al., Design & Fabrication of Automatic Color & Weight-Based Sorting System on … 157