INTRODUCTION
What is a Baghouse Filter?
Baghouse Filter
It is a collective device that uses fabric bags to filter particulate out
of a gas stream.
It is used to collect valuable products and reduce nuisance dust
from industry processes.
Baghouse
Filtration
Mechanism
Considerations
Advantage Disadvantage
It has a very high collection It requires a large floor areas
efficiency for both large and small It needs frequent cleaning
particles.
There is a potential for
It can be operated on a wide fire/explosion hazards
variety of dust types.
Bag replacement.
It has a wide range of flow rates Fabric filters may degrade due to
with reasonably low pressure high temperature or corrosive
drops. environments.
The filters may become clogged
due to highly humid or moist
environments.
Actual Baghouse Filter
Applications
Abrasives - baghouse fabrics are designed to withstand and capture
abrasive particles.
Acid gases - baghouse fabrics are coated with powdered lime or
similar substance to absorb acid gas.
Coolant and oil mists - unit is capable of filtering coolant smoke and
mist from metal finishing and forming processes, and machining oil
mists.
Explosive media - unit is capable of filtering explosive dusts, mists,
and/or fumes.
Fine powders - unit is capable of filtering fine powders such as carbon
black, talc, pigments, oxides, and plastic compounding dusts.
Mercury - baghouse fabrics are coated with powdered activated
carbon to absorb mercury or other difficult to capture air pollutants.
Toxic media - unit is capable of filtering toxic materials such as dust,
mist, fume, or smoke from the air.
Welding fumes - unit is designed specifically for the collection of
welding fumes or dust; these may include flux recovery systems.
TYPES OF BAGHOUSE FILTER
Which one to use?
Shaker Cleaned
Baghouse
The mechanical shaking will result in deflection and
acceleration forces on the bag to remove any dust
cake.
The dust cake is collected on the inside the bags that
are suspended on a rod as the gas flows upward to
through a cell plate.
The dust is allowed to fall to hoppers in the bottom of
the baghouse.
Deflating the bags, greatly increases the effectiveness
of cleaning.
Duration: 30 seconds to minutes
Considerations
Advantages Disadvantages
Design and operation simplicity. Cannot operate in high
temperatures.
Can be compartmentalized to
allow sections to be cleaned More energy and time intensive
without shutting off the whole than other cleaning methods.
system.
Small amounts of positive pressure
inside the bag can significantly
reduce collection efficiency.
Large footprint and space
requirements, and requires a large
number of bags.
Reversed Air Cleaned
Baghouse
It uses a combination of deflection by inward
collapse and the introduction of clean air flow in the
reverse direction by a dedicated fan.
The inward collapse is caused by the cessation of the
inlet air stream and the introduction of low pressure
air flow in is from a fan which will separate any dust
cake from the bag surface.
Duration: minutes
The bags can be 12 inches or more than in diameter
and 30 to 40 ft long.
Advantage: Long bag life
Considerations
Advantages Disadvantages
R/A baghouses are typically Cleaning air must be filtered.
compartmentalized, allowing
Provides no effective means for
sections to be cleaned without
removing residual dust buildup.
shutting off the whole system.
Requires more maintenance than
Cleaning action is very gentle,
other types due to dust re-
which lengthens bag life.
entrainment on the bags.
Preferred for high temperatures
due to gentle cleaning action.
Pulse Jet Cleaned
Baghouse
Fabric deflection and separation is induced by a short blast
of compressed air directed into the filterbag that deforms the
bag and dislodge the dust cake.
The bags are hung from a tube sheet located near the top of
the housing.
The gas flow is from the outside to the inside of the bag and
the dust is collected on the outside.
To keep the bag from collapsing during operation, wire
cages are used on the inside of the bags.
A diaphragm valve is used to control the compressed air into
the blowpipe, so the bags are cleaned one row at a time.
The venture directs the pulse of compressed air.
Pulse jet can be done on line or off line.
Considerations
Advantages Disadvantages
Cleaning mechanism allows P/J Requires the use of dry
baghouses to be cleaned while compressed air.
the system is online.
Requires special fabrics for higher
More complete cleaning than temperatures.
shaker or reverse air
Cannot tolerate high moisture
baghouses, lengthening bag life.
levels or humidity in exhaust gases.
Operates at lower pressure drops
and with lower space
requirements.
SELECTION OF FILTER MEDIA
How filter media must be used?
Types of Filter Media
Examples of fabrics utilized include cotton, wool, nylon,
polypropylene, dacron, orlon, nomex, teflon, vycron and
glass.
“
Most important factor in selection and it can be divided into two
groups: low temperature filtration and high temperature filtration.
Low temperature filtration-operates at local ambient temperature
such as milling, grinding, mixing and bagging
”
High temperature filtration-heat is induced or is a part of the
process.
TEMPERATURE
“ Ability of the fabric to resist degradation from
expected levels of acids, alkalis, solvents and
oxidizing agents must be assessed at the
operational temperatures of the filtration
application.
”
ADVERSE GAS & CHEMICAL CONDITIONS
“ Resistance to hydrolysis at
expected temperature and
humidity levels should be known.
”
HUMIDITY
“ Filter media should resist shrinkage
and stretching at the expected
temperatures and gas conditions.
”
DIMENSIONAL STABILITY
“ Cleaning method and pressure,
filter bag construction and cage
configuration must all be taken
into account.
”
TYPE OF FILTER UNIT
“ Also called the superficial velocity. If the air
to cloth ratio is high, then baghouse may
experience difficulty in maintaining the
pressure drop despite frequent cleaning.
”
AIR TO CLOTH RATIO
Temperature and
Gas Property as
consideration for
Selection
CALCULATIONS
Supports the Selection Criteria
Pressure Drop
Filter Drag
Filtration Velocity
Number of Bags
Air-to-Cloth Ratio
Typical Air-to-Cloth Ratio
Net Air-to-Cloth Ratio
PROBLEM
THEODORE, L. (2008). AIR POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT . JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. NEW JERSEY.
INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (2ND EDITION). MCGRAW-HILL INTERNATIONAL.
LESSON 3: FABRIC FILTER DESIGN VARIABLE. RETRIEVED FROM: HTTP://WWW.NEUNDORFER.COM/FILEUPLOADS/CMSFILES/FABRIC%20FILTER%20DESIGN%20VARIABLES[0].PDF
LESSON 5: FABRIC FILTER DESIGN REVIEW. RETRIEVED FROM: HTTP://WWW.NEUNDORFER.COM/FILEUPLOADS/CMSFILES/FABRIC%20FILTER%20DESIGN%20REVIEW[0].PDF
HTTP://WWW.NEUNDORFER.COM/KNOWLEDGE_BASE/BAGHOUSE_FABRIC_FILTERS.ASPX
HTTP://WWW.BAGHOUSE.NET/WEB%20DOCS/BAGHOUSE%20DEFINITION.HTM
HTTP://WWW.GLOBALSPEC.COM/LEARNMORE/MANUFACTURING_PROCESS_EQUIPMENT/AIR_QUALITY/BAGHOUSES
SCHNELLE, K. &. (2002). AIR POLLUTION CONTROL TECHNOLOGY HANDBOOK. CRC PRESS LLC
