FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
SESSION 2018/2019 SEMESTER 2
TEST 1 – SKEI 3133 (1 HOUR)
INDUSTRIAL INSTRUMENTATIONS AND APPLICATIONS
2019
STUDENT :
NAME
MATRIX NO. :
LECTURER : ASSOC. PROF. DR. SALLEHUDDIN IBRAHIM (SEC 01)
PLEASE ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.
CLO
QUESTION MARKS
/PLO
1 /10
CLO1 / 2 /10
PLO1
3 /10
/30
TOTAL
/10
SKEI 3133
TEST 2
QUESTION 1
A pressure sensor is a device that senses pressure and converts it into an electric signal
where the amount depends upon the pressure applied. Pressure sensors have been widely
used in various fields due to the enormous advantages and benefit that they can provide.
Discuss briefly the application of pressure sensors in applications such as touch screen
devices, the automation industry, the aviation industry and the marine industry?
[10 marks]
QUESTION 2
In flow control applications, orifice plates are used as restriction devices to regulate fluid
flow or reduce the flowing pressure downstream of the orifice plate. What are the
advantages of using orifice plate such that many industries used it and what are the
disadvantages or problems when using orifice plates? It is sufficient to highlight 5
advantages and 5 disadvantages.
[10 marks]
QUESTION 3
A pyrometer is a type of remote-sensing thermometer used to measure the temperature of
a surface. It has the advantage of not having to touch the material being measured and is
widely used to measure extreme temperatures. With the assistance of a suitable diagram
describe the construction and working principle of a pyrometer.
[10 marks]
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SKEI 3133
TEST 2
SOLUTION
QUESTION 1
QUESTION 2
Advantages of orifice meter
• Orifices are small plates and easy to install/remove.
• Offer very little pressure drop of which 60% to 65% is recovered.
• Orifice meter can be easily maintained.
• Measures a wide range of flow rates.
• They have a simple construction.
• They have easily fitted between flanges.
• They are most suitable for most gases and liquids.
• They are inexpensive.
• Price does not increase dramatically with size.
Disadvantages of orifice meter
• Requires homogeneous fluid.
• Requires single phase liquid.
• Requires axial velocity vector flow.
• Causes a pressure drop in fluid.
• Their accuracy is affected by density,pressure and viscosity fluid.
• Fluid viscosity limits measuring range.
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SKEI 3133
TEST 2
• Requires straight pipe runs to ensure accuracy is maintained.
• Pipe line must be fully especially for liquid flow measurement.
• They have low range-ability.
QUESTION 3
The basic measurement system for a radiation thermometer comprises the following
elements.
(1) The target of measurement.
(2) An optical system which collects and directs the radiation.
Elements of the optical system may also be used to modify the spectral response of the
thermometer.
(3) A sensor which produces a signal, usually electrical, related to the incident energy
flux.
(4) A reference source which may be physically situated in the instrument itself or
located in a calibration laboratory.
(5) A means of signal processing and display.
Working Principle
The heat energy emitted from the hot body is allowed passed on to the lens. Which collects it and focused on to the detector with
the mirror and eyepiece arrangement.
Now the detector converts the radiation energy into an electrical signal. Thermophiles and photon multipliers are commonly used
detectors. Detectors produce the reading and shows in the temperature display.
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