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 Software Reference
Guide

Revision November 19th 2009

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 COPYRIGHT © 1999-2009 Commtest Instruments Ltd.
All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of Commtest
Instruments Ltd. For information, contact:
Commtest Instruments Ltd
Level 2, 22 Moorhouse Avenue
Christchurch
New Zealand
E-mail [email protected]
Printed in New Zealand.
Disclaimer
Information in this document is subject to change without notice.
Names and data used in examples are fictitious unless otherwise
noted. This document is distributed as is, without warranty of any
kind, either expressed or implied, respecting the contents of this
document, including but not limited to implied warranties for the
document’s quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for any
particular purpose. Neither Commtest Instruments Ltd nor its
employees, dealers, or distributors shall be liable to the user of this
document or any other person or entity with respect to any liability,
loss, or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly
by this document.
Trademark Notice
vb™, vb1000v™, vb1000™, vb2000™, vb3000™, vb5™, vb6™,
vb7™, vb8™, vbBalancer™, vbBalancer+™, 6Pack™,
vbXManager™, vbRemote™ and ™ are trademarks of
Commtest Instruments Ltd.
® ® ® ®
vbSeries , Commtest , vbOnline and Ascent are registered
trademarks of Commtest Instruments Ltd. All other trademarks and
registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

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 Contents
Section 1: Overview of Ascent ....................................1
Installing the Software............................................................ 2
System Requirements ................................................................. 2
Upgrading from a Previous Version ............................................ 2
Software Licensing ...................................................................... 3
Install the Software Using a Software License ............................ 4
Upgrading a Legacy Dongle License .................................... 7
Using the License Manager......................................................... 9
Adding Instruments to Your License ................................... 11
Upgrading or Editing a License ........................................... 14
Uninstalling a Software License .......................................... 15
Program Your Hardware Dongle ......................................... 17
Installing the Software Using a USB Security Dongle............... 20
Installing the Software Using a Parallel Port Security Dongle... 20
Data Structure and Storage Capacity................................... 22
Where is my Data Stored? ................................................... 23
What is a… .......................................................................... 24
Database ................................................................................... 24
Site............................................................................................. 24
Folder......................................................................................... 24
Machine ..................................................................................... 24
Point........................................................................................... 24
Measurement Location .............................................................. 25
Recording .................................................................................. 25
Schedule Entry .......................................................................... 25
Parameter Set ........................................................................... 26
Route ......................................................................................... 26
Route Entry................................................................................ 26
Envelope Alarm ......................................................................... 26
Band Alarm ................................................................................ 27
Bearing ...................................................................................... 27
Interchange Bearing .................................................................. 27
Gear........................................................................................... 27
Sensor ....................................................................................... 28

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 Section 2: Basic Operation ........................................29
Starting the Software ........................................................... 29
Creating a Database ............................................................ 29
Selecting Another Database ................................................ 31
Creating a Folder ................................................................. 32
Deleting a Folder.................................................................. 33
Opening a Folder ................................................................. 33
The Navigator ...................................................................... 34
Displaying Toolbar Captions ................................................ 34
Creating Machines Using Build Mode .................................. 35
Adding a Point ........................................................................... 36
Adding a Measurement Location............................................... 37
Copying a Point ......................................................................... 37
Creating Parameter Sets/Schedule Entries............................... 40
Estimating the Measurement Recording Time .......................... 45
Adding a Photo Image to a Machine ......................................... 45
Adding a Note to a Machine ...................................................... 46
Adding a Bearing to a Point....................................................... 47
Defining Your Own Bearings ............................................... 49
Adding a Gear to a Point ........................................................... 50
Applying Different Rotational Speeds Across a Machine...... 50
Copying Items to Multiple Locations..................................... 51
Deleting Items...................................................................... 52
Edit Measurements .............................................................. 53
Using Auto Save .................................................................. 53
Saving and Undoing Changes................................................... 54
Using the Navigator ............................................................. 54
The Navigator List ..................................................................... 54
Sorting the Navigator................................................................. 55
Using the Navigator Filter .......................................................... 56
Hiding Detailed Recording Information...................................... 59
Hiding Recordings in the Navigator ........................................... 60
Selecting Multiple Items............................................................. 60
Archiving Recordings and Notes ............................................... 61
The Creation Palette ............................................................ 61
Customizing Your Work Area ............................................... 62
Creating a Route.................................................................. 62
Adding a vbX or vbOnline Instrument to Ascent ................... 64

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 Setting a vbX Instrument's IP Address Automatically ............... 65
Transferring Folders to a vbSeries Portable Instrument ....... 66
Transferring Recordings to the Ascent Database................. 68
The Navigator Tree .............................................................. 70
Maintaining Data Integrity .................................................... 71
Using the Example Data ...................................................... 72

Section 3: Reports ......................................................73

How to Generate Reports .................................................... 73
Alarm Report........................................................................ 74
Balancing Report ................................................................. 75
Detailed Exception Report ................................................... 75
Last 8 Measurements .......................................................... 76
Last Measurement Report.................................................... 77
Machine Assessment Reports.............................................. 77
Machine Assessment Summary Reports .................................. 77
Configure the Machine Assessment Report Database ............. 78
Create a Machine Assessment Report...................................... 79
Adding Machines to a Report .................................................... 83
View a Machine Assessment Report......................................... 84
View a Report in Ascent ............................................................ 84
View a Report in the Advanced Reporting Editor ...................... 86
Publish a Machine Summary or Assessment Report ................ 87
Publish a Machine Summary Report......................................... 87
Publish a Machine Assessment Report..................................... 89
Machine Summary Report ................................................... 90
Notes Report........................................................................ 91
Routes Due Report .............................................................. 91
Structure and Route Reports ............................................... 92
Automated Reports .............................................................. 93

Section 4: Plotting Data..............................................96

Using Charts ........................................................................ 96
Zooming and Panning ............................................................... 96
Using Cursors ............................................................................ 99
Snapping to a Peak ........................................................... 101
Plotting Multiple Recordings on One Chart ............................. 101

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 Choosing Which Recordings to Display .................................. 102
Chart Modes ............................................................................ 103
Creating On-chart Remarks..................................................... 106
Defining the RPM of a Recording............................................ 107
Viewing Data in Orders or Revolutions ................................... 108
Displaying Fault Frequencies .................................................. 108
Nudging Fault Frequencies ............................................... 110
Defining your own Fault Frequencies................................ 111
Setting and Displaying Baselines ............................................ 113
Waveform Analysis.................................................................. 114
Waveform Audio Playback ................................................ 116
Converting Waveforms to Spectra .......................................... 116
Long Time Waveforms ............................................................ 117
Setting Measurement Unit Preferences .................................. 117
Switching Between Hz and CPM....................................... 118
Switching Between Velocity, Acceleration and
Displacement..................................................................... 118
Customizing the Scale of Charts ............................................. 119
Using Views ....................................................................... 122
How Views Work ..................................................................... 126
Turning an On-screen View into a Picture............................... 127
Trending Data .................................................................... 128
Single Frequency Trending ..................................................... 133
Orbit Plots.......................................................................... 135
Bode Plots ......................................................................... 137
Analyzing a Bode Plot ............................................................. 139
Printing Charts and Reports............................................... 140
Schemes............................................................................ 142
Changing Colors for Printer and Screen ................................. 144
Changing Chart Plot Line Styles ............................................. 146
Keyboard Shortcut Keys .................................................... 148

Section 5: Using Alarms...........................................150

Checking Alarm Status....................................................... 150
Band Alarms ...................................................................... 151
Peak Band Alarms................................................................... 152
Power Band Alarms................................................................. 152
Drawing Individual Band Alarms on a Chart............................ 153
Editing Individual Band Alarms................................................ 155

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 What Happens When a Band Alarm is Exceeded................... 158
Trending Band Alarms............................................................. 160
Envelope Alarms................................................................ 165
Adding Envelope Alarms to a Chart ........................................ 166
Editing Individual Envelope Alarms ......................................... 167
What Happens When an Envelope Alarm is Exceeded .......... 170
Trending Envelope Alarms ...................................................... 171
Overall RMS Alarms .......................................................... 172
Using More Detailed Alarm Thresholds.............................. 173
Creating Alarm Templates ................................................. 173
Creating Peak and Power Band Templates ............................ 174
Creating Envelope Templates ................................................. 177
Applying Alarm Templates to Additional Schedule Entries ..... 180
Modifying Existing Alarm Thresholds Using a Template......... 181
Editing Alarms Globally ........................................................... 181
Editing Individual Alarms ......................................................... 182
Deleting Alarm Templates and Alarms.................................... 183

Section 6: Using the Bearing Database ..................185

Finding a Bearing Using Quick Search............................... 185
Using Advanced Search..................................................... 186

Section 7: Other Functions and Features...............189

Keypad Schedule Entries................................................... 189
Editing Values After Collection ................................................ 192
Attached File Schedule Entries .......................................... 192
Create an Attached File Schedule Entry ........................... 193
Create an Attached File Measurement ............................. 194
Managing Attached Files................................................... 197
Demodulation..................................................................... 198
Demodulation Setup ................................................................ 198
Analyzing Demodulation Data ................................................. 199
Setting/Updating RPMs for Multiple Recordings................. 200
Defining the RPM Value .......................................................... 200
Applying the RPM Value.......................................................... 201
Linear Speed Support ........................................................ 203
Collecting the RPM Value During Measuring ..................... 204
Baseline Recordings .......................................................... 205
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 How to Use Parameter Sets/Schedule Entries ................... 207
Fmin......................................................................................... 210
Orders-based Parameter Sets................................................. 210
Editing Parameter Sets............................................................ 211
Working with Parameter Sets/Schedule Entries on a
Single Folder, Machine, Point or Location............................... 212
Clean-up Parameter Sets and Schedule Entries .................... 215
Order Tracking................................................................... 216
Enable Order Tracking ...................................................... 218
Defining Sensor Settings.................................................... 219
Bias Voltage Type.............................................................. 220
Manually Entering Vibration Data....................................... 222
Customizing Axis Names ................................................... 224
Tagging.............................................................................. 225
Storing Re-usable Components in the Library.................... 227
Opening an Entire Site....................................................... 229
Switching Between Ascent Level 2 and Level 1 ................. 230

Section 8: Transferring Data....................................231

Importing and Exporting Data ............................................ 231
Import/Export as XML ........................................................ 233
OPC Import........................................................................ 234
Configure Engineering Units and Scaling ......................... 235
Create an OPC Schedule Entry ........................................ 236
Serial Data Input ................................................................ 239
Configure Engineering Units and Scaling ......................... 239
Configure an SDI Schedule Entry ..................................... 241
Apply an SDI Schedule Entry ............................................ 244
Offline Recordings with a vbOnline16 Device..................... 245
Configure Offline Recording Intervals ............................... 246
Change Offline Measurement Global Interval ................... 249
Clear Offline Recordings from a vbOnline16..................... 251
Identify Offline Measurements in the Ascent Software ..... 251
Template Machines............................................................ 252
Create a Template Machine .................................................... 253
Export or Import a Template File ............................................. 254
Create a Child Machine..................................................... 255
Update a Child Machine .................................................... 256

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 Apply a Machine Template to an Existing Machine .......... 256
Preview Template Changes .............................................. 257
Edit or View Template Name................................................... 258
Release a Child or Template Machine .................................... 259
GMT Handling and Time Zones ......................................... 259
Configuring vbX000 Instrument Communications............... 260
Reducing Settling Time ........................................................... 261
CPU Intensive Comms ............................................................ 262
Rush Data................................................................................ 262
Synchronizing the Instrument Date/Time with Your PC .......... 262
Troubleshooting vbX Network Communications................. 263

Section 9: Managing Your Data Storage

Effectively..................................................................265
Data Thinning .................................................................... 266
Backing up a Database...................................................... 269
Changing your Backup Directory............................................. 270
Backing up Files to a Shared Network Folder ......................... 270
Restoring a Database ........................................................ 270
Database Optimization....................................................... 272
Reducing Database Size ......................................................... 273
Rebuilding a Database ............................................................ 273

Section 10: Handling Large Amounts of

Data with Views.........................................................274
Walk-through: Creating Your Own Views ........................... 274
Definitions of AutoView Components ................................. 280
Building Blocks ........................................................................ 281
Vibration Views ........................................................................ 282
Reports .................................................................................... 282
Analysis ................................................................................... 283
Customizing Your View Further.......................................... 283
Assigning Keyboard Shortcuts ........................................... 284
Re-using Part of an Existing View ...................................... 285
Saving Changes to a View ................................................. 286
Using a Selector ................................................................ 287
Assigning the Priority and Target ....................................... 293

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 Designing a View Layout.................................................... 295
How Parts of a View Fit Together............................................ 297
Changing a Layout .................................................................. 299
Deleting a View.................................................................. 301

Section 11: Using the Machine Builder Wizard ......302

Introduction ........................................................................ 302
Walk-through: The Proven Method .................................... 303
Overall Condition Rating .................................................... 304
Selecting Cases................................................................. 306
Case G Type 1: Driven Centrifugal Component with Known
Number of Vanes (or Blades) and Rolling Element
Bearings................................................................................... 307
Cases E and F: AC Induction Motor ........................................ 311
Case A: General Rolling Element Bearing Components Without
Vanes....................................................................................... 314

Section 12: Using Statistical Alarms.......................317

Statistical Alarm Overview ................................................. 317
What are Generation Parameters ...................................... 320
Applying Pre-defined Alarms.............................................. 321
Re-defining Thresholds for Existing Alarms........................ 325
Updating Alarm Thresholds................................................ 329
How are Statistics Applied to Alarms.................................. 330
Outlier Detection and Suspicious Recordings .................... 331
Statistical Alarm Setup....................................................... 335
Using the Alarm Wizard........................................................... 335
General Settings ...................................................................... 336
History Options ........................................................................ 339
Family Options......................................................................... 339
Thresholds ............................................................................... 341
Envelope Options .................................................................... 344
Statistics Options ..................................................................... 346
Creating Statistical Alarm Templates ................................. 347
Editing Statistical Alarm Templates.................................... 348
Machine Families ............................................................... 349
How to Create Machine Families ............................................ 350

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 Adding/Removing Machines from a Family............................. 351

Section 13: Using a Network....................................352

Connecting to a Network Database.................................... 352
Managing Multi-user Access .............................................. 353

Section 14: Viewing Data via a Web Browser.........354

Registering Your Software ................................................. 354
Increasing the Number of User Licenses ........................... 354
Setting Up the System ....................................................... 355
AscentView System Configurations ........................................ 356
Step 1: Installation ................................................................... 357
Step 2: Logging On.................................................................. 358
Step 3: Adding Databases....................................................... 359
Step 4: Adding Users............................................................... 360
Step 5: Managing Database Permissions ............................... 361
Editing or Deleting Users......................................................... 362
Editing or Deleting Databases ................................................. 363
Using the AscentView Website .......................................... 364
Connecting to the Website ...................................................... 364
Exploring the AscentView Interface......................................... 364
Resizing and Repositioning Windows ..................................... 365
Viewing Reports ...................................................................... 366
Exception Report ............................................................... 367
Alarm Status Report .......................................................... 368
Printing Reports ....................................................................... 369
Viewing Charts ........................................................................ 369
Displaying Spectra and Trend Charts ............................... 370
Selecting Different Amplitude Units................................... 371
Changing the Chart Scaling .............................................. 371
Switching Between Hz, CPM and RPM ............................ 372
Switching Between ms and secs....................................... 372

Section 15: Administrative Tasks............................373

Setting Up the Software for Access by Non-Administrators 373
Creating and Managing User Accounts.............................. 374
Configuring Ascent Directories........................................... 376

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 Database Directory.................................................................. 377
Database List File Directory .................................................... 377
Backup Directory ..................................................................... 377
Scheme File Storage Directory ............................................... 377
HTML Temporary Directory ..................................................... 378
.vbz Files.................................................................................. 378
.fdb Files .................................................................................. 378
.scheme Files .......................................................................... 378
.av Files ................................................................................... 378
.hex Files ................................................................................. 379
.mpf Files ................................................................................. 379
Upgrading an Instrument Using Proflash............................ 379
Proflash a vbSeries Portable Instrument................................. 380
Bulk Tasks ......................................................................... 381
Setting the Language......................................................... 382
Change the Software Interface Language ........................ 383
Change your Windows Locale Setting .............................. 384
What is a Site Database..................................................... 385
DUNS Numbers ................................................................. 385

Section 16: Troubleshooting ...................................386

Troubleshooting USB Communications.............................. 386
Upgrading a Database Generates an ISC Error ................. 387
Contacting Technical Support ............................................ 388

Index ..........................................................................389

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 Section 1: Overview of Ascent
®
The Ascent application complements the vbSeries family of
vibration analyzing instruments and devices. It provides all of the
functionality needed to store and analyze vibration data taken with a
vb portable or online instrument.
The software communicates with the vb instrument through the PC's
serial, Ethernet or USB ports. Use the software to create machine
lists and measurement setups then send them to the instrument.
Once your data has been collected use the software to view spectra,
waveforms and trends; create envelope and band alarms; and
generate reports, such as a detailed exception report, to summarize
information in your database.
The Commtest Bearing archive is included with vbOnline, vb5, vb6,
vb7 and vb8 packages, providing a large library of bearings and their
associated fault frequencies. These fault frequencies can be overlaid
on the spectra created in the Ascent software to help identify bearing
problems.

Section 1: Overview of Ascent 1

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 Installing the Software
System Requirements
Minimum system requirements for installing Ascent software are:
• Microsoft® Windows® XP® SP2, Server 2003®, Server
2008® or Vista® (32 or 64-bit) operating system
• 1 GHz 32-bit (x86) or 64-bit (x64) processor or faster
• 1 GB of system RAM
• 1 GB of available hard disk space
• A CD-ROM compatible optical drive
• Windows-compatible mouse, touchpad or other pointing
device
• An unused COM, USB or Ethernet port for instrument
communications
• Microsoft .NET Framework® Version 3.5 or higher
• An unused Parallel or USB port for Dongle communications
(not required if using license keys)
Note that you must have Administrator rights to install Ascent
software. If you are within a corporate or managed network you may
need to contact your network administrator to request a group user
policy that allows Windows registry changes and/or firewall access
(to permit communication between the Ascent software and the
external Commtest Licensing Server).

Upgrading from a Previous Version

The Ascent installer will search all directories under C:\Program
Files\ for previous installations. It will automatically overwrite
(upgrade) previous software instances if any are detected.
If there is more than one previous version of the Ascent software
installed on your computer the installer will use the first version
located as the upgrade path. Uninstall all other versions to prevent
conflicts with the new Ascent installation.
If you are currently using a hardware dongle, please see the
Upgrading a Legacy Dongle License (page 7) section for instructions
on upgrading to a software license.

2 Section 1: Overview of Ascent

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 Software Licensing
The Ascent software and its associated applications
(AscentWatcher, AscentOPC and OnlineManager) must be licensed.
The license file may reside either on an external hardware device
(USB or Parallel dongle) attached to the host computer, or in a
software file stored on the host computer. Without an appropriate
license, imported data will be unusable and key software features
disabled. A CLK (Commtest License Key) is used to activate and
update your license file. A printed label bearing this 11-digit CLK is
provided with CD-ROM installations. If installing software
downloaded from the Commtest website, a CLK will be generated by
Commtest Licensing via e-mail when requested.
The CLK software method, storing the license file on a single local
PC rather than a hardware dongle, is the default and preferred
means of licensing. Hardware dongles that allow a single license to
be transported between several computers must be requested by
customers and will incur a supply fee.
If you are currently using a hardware dongle and a license acquired
prior to the release of Ascent 2008 software, you may upgrade your
license then transfer the new license to your current dongle and
continue using it as you have previously. During the upgrade process
the license on your current dongle will be erased then, if you wish,
replaced with the new upgraded license.
Note: Dongle devices can be used only for licensing purposes. If
erased during a license transfer to a PC, USB dongles cannot be
reused as USB memory devices.

Section 1: Overview of Ascent 3

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 Install the Software Using a Software License
To install the software and activate your software license (i.e. install
the Ascent software without a hardware dongle):

• Close all open programs on your PC.

• Insert the Ascent CD-ROM into the CD-ROM drive.

Wait for the Ascent installation program to start.
OR
Run the AscentSetup(Version).exe program located on
the CD-ROM.

• Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the installation.

Start the software when installation is completed.

• The 'License' window will appear. Click the Get License

button. The 'Licence Management' window will open.
Note: This message will not appear if you are using a legacy
hardware dongle. See Upgrading a Legacy Dongle License (page 7).

4 Section 1: Overview of Ascent

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 • Click the Get/Update License button. If you are a legacy
user, and you have a hardware dongle connected (that has
been upgraded previously using the Upgrading a Legacy
Dongle License (page 7) procedure), you may now select
whether you wish to install a software (machine) license or a
hardware (dongle) license. If you do not have a dongle (a
more common user scenario) only one option, Activate
license on machine, will be available to you.

• Click the Next > button. The 'Request License' window will
open.

• Type your license key into the 'Commtest License Key' field,
then select the boxes beside the applications you wish to
activate (only tick those applications you are licensed for;
adding unlicensed features will cause the activation to fail).

• Click the Next > button.

Notes:
The license key is printed on a sticker attached to the inside cover of
the CD-ROM installation disc case.

Section 1: Overview of Ascent 5

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 The Next > button will only become active after an 11-character key
has been entered into the 'Commtest License Key' field.

• Choose your preferred license acquisition method by

selecting the appropriate checkbox. Click Next >.

If you selected Get license automatically over Internet the license

will be obtained immediately over the Internet and installed. You may
now move to the next topic, 'Adding Instrument to Your License
(page 11)'.

6 Section 1: Overview of Ascent

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 If you selected the Get license manually from the Commtest
website option you will be presented with further instructions:
Click the Generate License Request File button
Save the text (.txt) file to your computer. Transfer the file
to an Internet-connected computer
Browse to https://licensing.commtest.co.nz on the
Internet-connected computer
Follow the instructions provided on the website to
generate a license key file
Save the key file on your computer and transfer this file to
the Ascent host computer
Click the Browse button in the License Manager under
the Management tab and browse to the new key file.
Import the key file by pressing the Import button

Upgrading a Legacy Dongle License

This procedure is for users currently using a legacy (Parallel or USB)
hardware dongle wanting to upgrade their license. Upgrading allows
access to newer Ascent features that cannot be accessed using an
older license. The steps described below need to be performed only
once. Once completed, the existing dongle license will be erased
and an upgraded license installed on the host computer. If you wish
to continue using a hardware dongle, the new license can be
transferred to the dongle using the procedure described in Program
Your Hardware Dongle (page 17).
Note: Ensure that your hardware dongle is connected to your
computer's Parallel or USB port before proceeding. Your current
license must be valid or the upgrade process will fail. Contact
Commtest customer support if your current license has expired.

Section 1: Overview of Ascent 7

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 • Start Ascent with your current hardware dongle attached to
the computer. The following pop-up window will appear:

• Click Continue to operate Ascent using your current dongle

license without upgrading. If you wish to upgrade your
license (strongly recommended) click Request License. An
e-mail will be generated containing your dongle details. You
may also optionally provide your instrument serial number.
Send the email and you will receive an email response
containing a CLK (license key) from Commtest. This may
take several business hours. Once you have sent the e-mail
license request, close Ascent and wait for your license key,
or click Continue to continue using the hardware dongle.

• Once you have received an email reply containing your CLK,

ensure you have an active Internet connection and your
dongle connected, re-start Ascent and click the Transfer
License button. Enter your CLK and follow the onscreen
instructions to upgrade your license. Note that all data on
your dongle will be erased during the upgrade process.
The new software license can, however, be transferred
back to the dongle once the upgrade process has
completed.

8 Section 1: Overview of Ascent

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 Using the License Manager
The License Manager is used to control all aspects of your software
license. Use the Manager to add, update or remove your license,
and to view the status and features permitted by your current license
level.
License. Use this section of the Manager to view your license details
including your license key, license expiration date and Ascent
software level. Click the Customer Details... button to update your
contact details (Internet connection required). Click Activation
Summary to view your current license features and the number of
used/available license seats.

Section 1: Overview of Ascent 9

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 Management. Use this section of the Manager to add a new license
(page 4), remove your license from a dongle or computer (page 15)
and to update your software license when manually using the
Commtest License Server (for license updates without a direct
Internet connection).

10 Section 1: Overview of Ascent

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 Instruments. Use this section of the Manager to view the
instruments you are able to access with your license and to add new
instruments to your license (page 11).

Adding Instruments to Your License

Once your license has been activated you may add an instrument, or
instruments, to it.

• Select Help>License Management.... The 'License

Management' window will open.

• Click the Instruments tab then the Add Instrument...

button. If you are using a hardware dongle and you have
not upgraded your license, you may select whether you wish
to upgrade your dongle license. If you do not have a
hardware dongle attached and instead use a software
license stored on the PC (a more typical user scenario) only
one option, Update license on machine, will be available to
you.

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 • Click Next > and the 'Add new vb Instrument' window will
appear.

• Type your instrument serial number into the vb Serial

Number text field. The serial number is located on a label
attached to the rear panel of the instrument and on the QA
card supplied with the instrument.

• Type the instrument QA date into the QA Date field. This

date is provided on the QA card supplied with the instrument.
The date must be entered in YYYY-MM-DD format.

• Click the Next > button.

• Choose your preferred license acquisition method by clicking

one of the two available checkboxes. If the computer does
not have an Internet connection, or if your network is behind
a firewall, use the second option; if it is connected to the
Internet use the first.

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 • Click the Next > button.

If you selected Add instrument automatically over Internet the

license will be updated immediately over the Internet and installed.
If you selected the Add instrument manually from the Commtest
website option you will be presented with a new window containing
further instructions:
Click the Generate License Request File button
Save the text file to your computer. Transfer the file to an
Internet-connected computer
Browse to https://licensing.commtest.co.nz on the
Internet-connected computer
Follow the instructions provided on the website to
generate a license key file ('Get/Update License')
Save the CLK (key) file on your computer and transfer
this file to the Ascent host computer
Click Browse button in the License Manager under the
Management tab and browse to the new key file
Import the key file by pressing the Import button

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 Upgrading or Editing a License
If you have purchased a license upgrade to access more software
features or capabilities you must update your existing license. Doing
so will activate any new software or hardware capabilities. Any new
features will not be activated or available to you until Ascent has
communicated with the License Server and your license's new
capabilities programmed.
Follow the license installation procedure described in the topic Install
the Software Using a Software License (page 4). Repeating this
process will also update your license. If you are using a hardware
dongle, see the Upgrading a Legacy Dongle License (page 7) and
Program Your Hardware Dongle (page 17) procedures for the
required dongle update steps.
Note: You must perform an update when your license expires and
you have requested and received your free license extension. Doing
so allows the Ascent software to communicate with the Commtest
License Server, activating the extension and setting a new license
expiration date.

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 Uninstalling a Software License
If you wish to uninstall your software license in order to:
Transfer the Ascent software to another computer
Decommission or upgrade your PC hardware
Indefinitely uninstall the Ascent software for storage
Switch between a PC-based and dongle-based license

Follow the procedure below:

• Select Help>License Management.... The 'Licence

Management' window will open.

• Click the Management tab then the Remove License

button. If you have a hardware dongle connected, you may
select whether you wish to remove a software (PC) license
or a hardware (dongle) license. If you do not have a dongle
connected (a more typical user scenario) only one option,
Remove license from machine, will be available to you.

• Select the license components (applications) you wish to

remove.

• Click the Next > button.

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 • Choose your preferred license removal method by clicking
one of the two checkboxes. If the computer does not have an
Internet connection use the second option; if it is connected
to the Internet choose the first.

• Click the Next > button.

If you selected Remove license automatically over Internet the

license will be removed immediately over the Internet.
If you selected the Remove license manually from the Commtest
website option you will be presented with a new window containing
further instructions:
Click the Generate Remove License Request File
button
Save the text file to your computer. Transfer the file to an
Internet-connected computer
Browse to https://licensing.commtest.co.nz on the
Internet-connected computer
Select the 'Remove License' option on the website
Follow the instructions provided on the website to
de-register your license

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 Program Your Hardware Dongle
The following steps should be followed if you have upgraded your
license but you wish to use a hardware dongle rather than a
PC-based license file (i.e. you wish to transfer your license from your
computer to a detachable hardware dongle for use with multiple
computers).
Notes:
If you have a single license, you may use either a PC-based license
OR a dongle license, not both. If you have previously installed your
license on your PC you must uninstall it by selecting Remove
License from the Management tab of the License Manager before
transferring the license to a dongle device.
To access many of the Ascent software's newer software features,
you must upgrade to the new license. In order to upgrade and
continue using your dongle you must:
Install a software license using a CLK or Upgrade your
Legacy Dongle License (page 7). This will upgrade your
license, transfer the new software license to your
computer, and remove your old license from the dongle.
Uninstall the software license (page 15) from your
computer, then;
Transfer the license to your hardware dongle, as
described in the procedure below. You cannot upgrade
older licenses contained on dongles directly to the new
license type. You must first upgrade to a new software
(machine) license, then uninstall the new license and
transfer it to the hardware dongle.

You may transfer your upgraded license from the computer to the
dongle and vice-versa as many times as you wish using the same
'Uninstall License, Add License' sequence and your CLK.
Note: These steps assume you have already uninstalled your
software license from the computer. You must connect your dongle
before starting this procedure.

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 • Select Help>License Management.... The 'License
Management' window will open.

• Click the Management tab then the Get/Update License

button. The 'License Method' window will appear.

• Select the Activate license on dongle option and click the

Next > button. The 'Request License' window will open.

• Type your license key (located on the CD-ROM installation

disc or provided by Commtest License Support) into the
Commtest License Key field.
Note: If you do not have a license key, click the No License key?
button and a license request e-mail will be generated. The e-mail
contains your dongle serial number and any associated instrument
serial numbers. Send the e-mail and you will receive a return e-mail
from Commtest License Support containing your license key. This
may take several business hours.

• Select the software applications you wish to activate on your

license by ticking to appropriate checkboxes (only tick those
applications you are licensed for; adding unlicensed features
will cause the activation to fail).

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 • Click the Next > button.

• Choose your preferred update method by clicking one of the

two options. If the computer does not have an Internet
connection use the second option; if it is connected to the
Internet choose the first.

• Click the Next > button.

If you selected Get license automatically over Internet the license
will be obtained immediately over the Internet and installed. Your
dongle license is now installed.
If you selected the Get license manually from the Commtest
website option you will be presented with further instructions:
Click the Generate License Request File button
Save the text (.txt) file to your computer, then transfer the
file to an Internet-connected computer
Browse to https://licensing.commtest.co.nz on the
Internet-connected computer
Follow the instructions provided on the website to
generate a license update file ('Get/Update License')
Save the CLK (key) file generated through the license
website on your computer, then transfer this file to the
Ascent host computer

Section 1: Overview of Ascent 19

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 Click the Import License button in the License Manager
under the Management tab and browse to the new key
file. Import the key file by pressing the Import button.
Your dongle license will now be installed

Installing the Software Using a USB Security

Dongle
Note: You must have administrator rights on your PC to install the
Ascent software.

• Close all programs on your PC.

• Insert the Ascent CD-ROM into the CD-ROM drive.

Wait for the Ascent installation program to start.
OR
Run the Ascentsetup.exe program located on the
CD-ROM.
Windows XP, Vista and Server 2003
• Once Ascent has been installed, connect the dongle to the
PC's USB port.
After connecting the dongle, the ‘Found New Hardware’ wizard will
activate and use the ‘Aladdin Key’ drivers from the Ascent installer.

• Start the Ascent software once the USB driver has been
installed.

• Click Continue on the 'License' window to start the software

using your existing dongle license. This completes the
installation process.

Installing the Software Using a Parallel Port

Security Dongle
If you have ordered a parallel port dongle in addition to your vb kit,
install the Ascent software and connect the dongle when the
program prompts you. The Windows operating system will
automatically enable the dongle.

20 Section 1: Overview of Ascent

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 Note: You must have administrator rights on your PC to install the
Ascent software.

• Close all programs on your PC.

• Insert the Ascent CD-ROM into the CD-ROM drive.

Wait for the Ascent installation program to start.
OR
Run the Ascentsetup.exe program located on the
CD-ROM.

• Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the installation.

• Start the Ascent software once the installation is completed.

• Click Continue on the 'License' window to start the software.

Section 1: Overview of Ascent 21

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 Data Structure and Storage Capacity
The data structure used in the Ascent software and vb instrument is
hierarchical. At the highest level is the database. Every item of data
in a database belongs to a particular site.
Each site within a database contains folders; each of which can hold
up to 200 machines on a vbX000 instrument or an effectively
unlimited number on a vbX instrument.
Each machine contains a number of points, and at each point
recordings may be made at any of a fixed number of axes.
Folders are used to contain your machine information and are
transferred between the software and the vb instrument using the
Send and Receive functions.

Simplified data hierarchy

Storage capacity
We recommend that you archive and delete recordings from your
Ascent database when it reaches 2 GB in size.

22 Section 1: Overview of Ascent

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 Within the Ascent database you can create far larger data structures
than can be stored in the instrument. You can create unlimited
folders in the Ascent software, but some instruments will hold only a
maximum of 30 folders at any one time (note that this does not
include vbX instruments such as the vb5, vb6, vb7 and vb8 vibration
analyzers, which can hold an effectively unlimited number of folders).
To make the best use of the database storage capacity you should
set up as many machines in as many folders as you like, but only
transfer across those that you will need during your next recording
route or collection. In this manner you can transfer up to 30 folders to
the instrument, collect the measurements, then send them back to
the software. You can then erase the machines and recordings on
the instrument and transfer another 30 folders across, repeating as
often as required. Full details of the instrument's storage capacity are
detailed in the vbSeries Instrument Reference Guide.

Where is my Data Stored?

The Ascent software stores information (machines, points etc) in a
database. For computers using Windows XP or Server 2003 the
database's default location is:
C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Shared Documents or
C:\Program Files\Commtest\Ascent

For computers running a Windows Vista operating system the

database will be stored by default in:
C:\Users\Public\Documents

To access the Ascent software files

• From the main menu, choose Options>Explore Settings
Folder. This will open Windows Explorer and display a list of
all files and folders present in your Ascent installation.

Section 1: Overview of Ascent 23

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 What is a…
Database
The Database is the top level of the Ascent hierarchy. A database
holds the sites and machine structure set up by the software user
(every item of data in the Ascent software is stored in a database.).
Multiple databases can be used, but all sites must belong to the
same database in order to share information between sites.
Database files on your computer hard disk end with the extension
'.FDB' (or, in the case of older legacy Interbase databases, '.GDB').

Site
A Site contains folders which are used to store machine
information. Every item of data in the database is contained within a
folder and each folder belongs to a particular site.
To edit a site
• From the main menu, choose Edit>Edit Site. In the form's
blank fields only the company and site names need to be
entered. The rest of the information is optional.

Folder
A Folder is used to hold a collection of machines. A folder
represents the entire collection of information that is sent to, or
received from, the instrument.

Machine
A Machine represents an actual machine on the factory floor or
within a facility. Machines hold a collection of points and are stored in
folders.

Point
A Point represents a position/region on a particular machine
where vibration measurements will be taken. Bearings and gears can
be defined at each point so that fault frequency information is
available for all measurement locations on the point.

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 Measurement Location
A Measurement Location represents an actual place on the
machine where you will place a sensor and take vibration
measurements. The difference between different measurement
locations at a point is the orientation of the sensor (the axes around
the shaft on which the sensor is placed). There may be several
measurement locations at a point, each using a different
orientation/axis.

A machine with three measurement locations

Recording

A Recording represents a single, or series of, recorded vibration

measurements (in the case of spectrum+waveform or 6Pack
recordings, for example) and is labeled with the time, date, and a
description of the type of measurement(s) taken.

Schedule Entry
A Schedule Entry represents a vibration recording that is
scheduled to be taken.
A schedule entry ties a Parameter Set to a Measurement Location.
The parameter set defines a general set of measurement parameters
and the schedule entry specifies how the measurement should be
taken at a particular location (which sensor to use, what the default
RPM is etc).
You may have more than one schedule entry at a measurement
location. For example, you may take a velocity recording and then
(without moving the accelerometer) an acceleration recording.

Section 1: Overview of Ascent 25

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 Parameter Set
A Parameter Set defines the general parameters to be used for
taking a measurement (the measurement units to use, the number of
averages to be taken etc). You can share your parameter sets
between schedule entries in your database. Then, if your
measurement requirements change, you can modify the parameter
set and all the schedule entries that use it will be updated
automatically.
Note: The parameter set and schedule entry icons are the same as
they can be edited in the same window.

Route
A Route is contained in a folder and is an ordered list of some or
all of the measurement locations in that folder. A route cannot
contain measurement locations from any other folder.
You may have more than one route in a folder. When a route is sent
to the instrument, all of the machines, points and measurement
locations in the folder will still be sent to the instrument, even if the
route does not refer to them.
Note: A measurement location must contain at least one schedule
entry for it to appear in a route. The instrument needs to know what
type of measurement to take - this information is contained in the
schedule entry.

Route Entry
A Route Entry specifies where on the machine a measurement is
to be taken and what the orientation of the sensor will be e.g. 'Motor
drive end, horizontal'. The order of the route entries is the order in
which the measurement locations will be visited when carrying out
the route.

Envelope Alarm
An Envelope Alarm defines an alarm region on the spectra. The
alarm is triggered when any point in the spectrum exceeds the alarm
threshold.

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 Band Alarm
A Band Alarm defines a limited range of frequencies to monitor on a
spectrum. A band alarm can be either Peak or Power based.

Peak Band Alarms detect when a spectral peak within the

defined band goes above a certain value.

Power Band Alarms measure the overall RMS within the

defined band and compare that against a threshold value.

Bearing
Bearing definitions can be added to points on your machines.
Once the software knows the fault frequencies for a bearing, it can
display fault frequency markers on spectra, allowing you to identify
peaks related to that bearing.
Bearings can have notes attached and interchange information may
also be available for them. The Ascent software comes with its own
bearing database containing over 30 000 bearings.

Interchange Bearing
Where possible, the Commtest Bearing Archive will offer a list of
bearings that are compatible with the bearing that is selected. This
allows you to replace a bearing with a suitable alternative, should
your chosen bearing be unavailable.
Disclaimer: While every effort has been made to ensure that bearing
and bearing interchange information is valid and correct, no
responsibility can be accepted for any damages caused as a result
of the use of this information.

Gear
Gear definitions can be added to points on your machines. Once
the software knows the fault frequencies for a gear, it can display
fault frequency markers on spectra, allowing you to identify peaks
related to that gear.

Section 1: Overview of Ascent 27

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 Sensor
A Sensor defines the name, type and sensitivity of a sensor used
for data collection. You can store the calibration values and settling
times of your sensors in both the software and the vb instrument.

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 Section 2: Basic Operation
Starting the Software
When you install the software, program shortcuts will be created on
the Desktop and in the Windows Start menu.

• From the Windows Start menu select All

Programs>Commtest>Ascent>Ascent.

Creating a Database
If this is the first time you have created a database we recommend
you accept the default name and storage location so that you can
easily find the database if needed. The default name and storage
location is listed in Where is my Data Stored (page 23).
The factory default database contains all the necessary information
to begin setting up your machines.

• Click Database>Create Database>Create New on the

toolbar.

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 The following window will appear:

• To create a local database (i.e. a database on the computer

on which Ascent is installed) select the Local Machine
checkbox. Click Browse.... to choose an alternative location,
if required, or to change the database's default name, then
click Next >. If this is your first database, accept the default
location. To create a new database on a server or other
networked machine select the Network checkbox option and
enter the server name or IP address (e.g. 'MyServer' or
'192.168.1.1'. Note that the server address must have all
leading and trailing back slashes removed; while 'MyServer'
would function correctly, '\\MyServer\' would not) into the
Server: field, then the path to the database in the Path: field.

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 Note: The path must be an 'absolute' and include correct drive
mapping from the server's perspective rather than be a virtual server
address (for example, 'C:\MyDatabase\Database.fdb' would be
acceptable, but '\\Server\MyDatabase\Database.fdb' would not).

• Check that the database location and name listed are

correct, then Click Finish.

• You will now be prompted to open the new database. Select

a Site or Folder then click OK to open.

Selecting Another Database

The Ascent software keeps track of the databases you use and
allows you to quickly switch between them. A list of previously
accessed databases is available from the drop-down box on the
Open window.

• Press Open on the Main Menu. The 'Open' panel will open.

• Select a database from the dropdown list, then select a

Datafolder or Site from the lower selection area and click
OK. If the database has not been opened previously, click
Change and then Browse. Browse to the database (.FDB),
select it then click Open. Select a Datafolder or site and click
OK to open.

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 Creating a Folder
The rest of this section is presented as a tutorial to help familiarize
you with the software. The instructions will guide you through some
of the routine tasks you will perform when using the Ascent software
and the vb portable instrument. You will learn how to set up
machines, create routes and transfer data between your computer
and the instrument.
Your first task is to create a folder. This will be used to hold a
machine with four measurement locations that you will create shortly.

• Click the Open button on the toolbar, then the New button
and choose 'Folder..'. OR right-click in the navigator panel
and select New>VB Datafolder. Datafolders are used to
store machines.

• Now enter a folder name (type over the default folder name).

• Click OK to create the folder.

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 Deleting a Folder
• To delete a folder left-click the folder with the mouse to
select it.

• Press Delete on your keyboard. You will be prompted to

confirm the deletion.

• Click OK to permanently delete the folder.

Opening a Folder
• Double-click a folder to open it. If you can't see any folders,
click the (expand) icon beside one of the blue site icons.

The folder will open and its contents will be displayed in the Ascent
navigator.

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 The Navigator
By default the navigator panel is located on the left of the Ascent
screen. It allows you to visually navigate through the data in a
database.

• The navigator can be placed on the top of the Ascent

window by going to the main menu and choosing
Screen>Navigator on top.

Displaying Toolbar Captions

If you are using a small monitor or running a non-English version of
the Ascent software, some toolbar buttons may not fully display
across the width of your screen. Turning off the toolbar captions will
reduce the width of buttons so that they fit your screen better.

• To turn off button captions click Screen and deselect Show

Toolbar Captions.

Button with caption and without caption

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 Creating Machines Using Build Mode
Build Mode is what you will use to 'build' the structure of your
machines. When you are in Build Mode, placeholders will appear in
the navigator tree for you to create new machines, points,
measurement locations and schedule entries. Left-click the
placeholder to create the item.
When you click the Build button on the toolbar, you toggle Build
Mode on and off.

Your first task will be to create a machine with two points and two
measurement locations at each point. Shortly you will learn how to
copy parts of your machine structure to save time, add a
photographic image for identification purposes and also create a
parameter set and schedule entries to specify what types of
measurement will be carried out at each machine location.

• Click Build on the toolbar to activate Build Mode.

If you are licensed to use The Proven Method this will open the
Machine Builder Wizard, which is used for creating machines with
pre-set alarms. Instructions for using the Wizard (page 302) are
given later in the manual. For now, we are going to manually create
our machines.

• If the Wizard is open, close it by clicking the Manual Build

Mode link near the bottom of the screen.
Your navigator will look like this:

The currently open folder, Drying Machines, is at the top of the

navigator tree. The placeholders beneath it are what you will use to
create your machine structure.

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 • Click [Add Machine] once with the left mouse button to
select it. The placeholder will turn blue indicating that it can
now be edited.

• Type ‘Blower #8’ and press Enter on your keyboard.

You have now created a machine called Blower #8. When you
pressed Enter, the machine structure opened out to reveal
placeholders for creating the points and measurement locations on
this machine - we will add these next. A new [Add Machine]
placeholder now appears at the bottom of your structure ready for
you to create more machines in this folder.

Adding a Point
• Click the [Add Point] placeholder that belongs to Blower #8.

• Type ‘Drive End’ then press Enter to create this point.

Several new placeholders now appear.

Next you will add two measurement locations to the Drive End point.

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 Adding a Measurement Location
• Click the first [Add Measurement Location] and click
Horizontal from the list that appears.

• Click OK to create a horizontal location at the Drive End

point.

• Click the [Add Location] below the one you just made,
choose Vertical and click OK.
Notes: You can define a new location name by selecting <other>
from the drop-down list, clicking OK then entering a name. Defining
new location names and editing existing ones is described in
Customizing Axis Names (page 224).
If taking a triaxial measurement at the location, right-click the new
location and select Edit. In the 'Measurement Location' window
select an axis from the 'Triax Axis' dropdown box. The measurement
axis will be displayed beside the location in the navigator. For
example, a measurement on the X axis on the location 'Vertical' will
be displayed as 'Vertical[X]'.

Copying a Point
We are going to duplicate the Drive End point (along with its two
locations) to make the 'Other End' point.

• Right-click the Drive End point and select Copy Branch to

Clipboard from the shortcut menu.

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 • Now right-click the Drive End point again and select Paste.
The new point appears in the navigator tree below the previously
selected point. Your navigator will now look like this.

• Right-click the second Drive End and choose Edit. The

Point Editor window will appear.

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 • Type ‘Other End’ in the Point name field, and click OK. Your
navigator tree will look like this.

You have now created a machine with four measurement locations

on it. Next you will specify what vibration measurements are to be
taken at these locations.

Section 2: Basic Operation 39

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 Creating Parameter Sets/Schedule Entries
A Parameter Set defines a 'set of parameters' that will be used to
take a measurement. If you intend to take the same type of
measurement at many machine locations, creating a single
parameter set for that type of measurement will save you a lot of set
up time. You specify the measurement parameters once, then re-use
the parameter set in as many Schedule Entries as you like.
A Schedule Entry represents one measurement (or one
multi-measurement type, such as a 6Pack measurement on vbSeries
portables) that is scheduled to be taken. A single parameter set can
be used to assign parameters to many schedule entries (individual
measurements) and provides a quick way to set up those
measurements.
We will create a single parameter set and then use this to create four
schedule entries - one at each of the four locations on our machine.

• Click Blower #8 once with the left mouse button to select it.

• Click the P/Sets button on the toolbar.

This opens the Select Parameter Sets window that summarizes the
parameter sets that are currently defined on this machine. This
window is empty because we have not yet defined any parameter
sets.

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 • Click the Add button to create a new parameter set/schedule
entry combination. This opens the Edit Paramset / Schedule
Entry editor. This editor gives you complete control over the
measurement parameters that will be used by the
instrument.

Before creating or editing Parameter Sets, we recommend you

assign the instrument(s) being used to collect the recordings.
Note: Before assigning an instrument, it must first be added to the
Ascent database. See the section Adding and Instrument to Ascent
(page 64) for details.

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 Some values, such as an Fmax below 100Hz, are not supported by
all instruments. Assigning your instrument(s) will allow Ascent to
warn you of unavailable values, if any. To assign your instrument to
the Parameter Set:

• Click the Applicable vb Instrument tab.

Note: The Applicable vb Instruments panel can also be opened
directly by right-clicking a parameter and clicking the Applicable vb
Instruments option.

• Click Edit

• Select the Applicable column checkbox beside the

instrument(s) you will be using to collect the recordings.

• Click OK. The instrument(s) you selected will now be listed

in the Instruments used to take recordings in this folder
field.
Once you have selected an instrument or instruments, any
unsupported values will be indicated by a superscript star. 25*, for
example, would indicates that this value (25) is not available for one
or more of the instruments you are using to collect your recordings.
If you select an unavailable value, the background color of the active
data field will change to the color orange; an alert icon will appear on
the Applicable vb Instrument tab, and a warning will be displayed in
orange text. Click the Applicable vb Instrument tab to view
information about the conflict in the 'Settings that are not supported'
field.
Note: Any Parameter Sets created using previous versions of the
Ascent software will be assigned to all available instruments. That is,
recording parameters that are not supported by all available
instruments will be highlighted. Applicable Instruments apply at the
folder level, not at the parameter set level. Any time you open a
parameter set in a folder that does not have any applicable
instruments assigned, all available instruments in the database will
automatically be used as the applicable instrument for that folder.

42 Section 2: Basic Operation

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 We will start by measuring the vibration according to the ISO 2372
standard. This specifies overall limits of vibration in the 10 Hz to
1000 Hz range of frequencies (600 to 60 000 CPM).

• Select an Fmax of 1000 Hz (60 000 CPM) from the

drop-down box and leave the rest of the settings at their
defaults. The estimated recording time is displayed near the
bottom-left of the window.

• Click OK then click Close on the next window. The new

schedule entries will appear underneath the four
measurement locations on Blower #8.

• Now click the Build button to turn off Build Mode and all the
placeholders will disappear leaving you with your completed
structure.
The schedule entry labels describe the type of measurements to be
taken (Vel Freq 1000 Hz). Any text you enter in the 'Description' field
of the Edit Paramset / Schedule Entry Editor will be appended to the
label.
These schedule entries can later be changed individually by
selecting and editing them, or changed as a group by editing the
associated parameter set. For more information on this subject,
including instructions for creating orders-based parameter sets, see
Parameter Sets/Schedule Entries (page 207).

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 Note: To add a schedule entry to a single location, click the [Add
Schedule Entry] placeholder underneath that location. This will open
the Edit Paramset / Schedule Entry Editor. Enter the parameters to
be used for taking this recording then click OK as described
previously. Alternatively if you already have parameter sets defined
you can select one of these from the 'Select Parameter Set'
drop-down box at the top of the editor.
Notes on 6Pack Recordings
6Pack recordings allow up to six measurements to be taken
simultaneously from a single data stream/channel. All standard
condition monitoring data can be acquired in one step and in the time
normally required to take a single conventional recording. This
function is currently limited to the vbX range of instruments (vb5,
vb6, vb7 and vb8).
A 6Pack recording may include some or all of the following
measurement types for each recorded channel:
High Frequency Spectrum
High Frequency Waveform
Low Frequency Spectrum
Low Frequency Waveform
Demodulation Spectrum
Demodulation Waveform

When configuring a 6Pack recording, select the 6Pack checkbox in

the Domain area, then select the measurement types required using
the checkboxes immediately below within the Domain area.
Configure the measurement parameters using the Parameters tab
as normal, bearing in mind the following limitations imposed on this
recording type:

• The same sensor(s) must be used for all 6Pack

measurement types.
• High Frequency and Demodulation measurements can be
measured in Acceleration only.
• All spectra and waveforms must have the same resolution
(maximum 800 lines, 2048 samples).
• High Frequency Fmax and Demod Bandwidth must be the
same.

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 • Averaging type, number and overlap must be the same for
all spectra.
• Fmin and Demodulation Fmin must be the same.
Estimating the Measurement Recording Time
When you create your measurement setups the schedule entry
editor displays an estimate of the time the measurement will take to
record. The recording time is based on the values you enter in the
Fmax, Lines, and Number of averages fields. It is also affected by
which domain is selected (frequency, time or demodulation).

• To estimate how long various measurement setups may

take, experiment with changing the settings in this window.
(To re-open a schedule entry for editing, right-click its icon
in the navigator and select Edit.)

Adding a Photo Image to a Machine

After creating your machine you can add a picture and/or some
descriptive information to the machine definition.

• Re-open Blower #8 now by right-clicking it and choosing Edit

from the shortcut menu.

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 The example diagram shows a machine that already has a picture
attached to it.
If you have a digital camera handy or a ready-made picture of your
machine you can add it to the blank space by either copying and
pasting it from the clipboard or loading it from file (these functions
are standard Windows behaviors so are not explained here).

Adding a Note to a Machine

Notes can be added to machines, points, locations and individual
recordings. When you plot data from an item containing a note, the
note text will appear on the chart.

• To add a note to a machine, right-click the machine and

choose Edit from the shortcut menu. The Machine window
will open for editing.

• Click the 'Notes' tab to open this window.

The notes tab is used to add information which will then appear on
all charts that show a recording from this machine.

46 Section 2: Basic Operation

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 • Click the Add button, type in your note then click OK. Click
OK again to close the Machine window.
Notes can be added, edited or deleted by clicking the appropriate
button.

• To add a note to a point, location or recording, right-click the

item in the navigator tree and choose New>Note, then select
the type of note required.

Archiving a note
• If you want to keep a machine or measurement note but
don't want it to appear on charts or in the navigator list,
right-click the note in the navigator list, choose Edit then tick
the Archived box.

Deleting a note
• In the navigator tree, select the item containing the note. The
navigator list will display all items associated with your
selection including any notes.

• Select the note and press the Delete key on the keyboard.
Click OK to confirm the deletion.

Adding a Bearing to a Point

Bearing and gear definitions are added to points on your machines.
Once the software knows the fault frequencies for a bearing, it can
automatically display fault frequency markers on spectra (provided
that you have set the RPM).

• Right-click a point in the navigator tree and choose

New>Bearing Definition.

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 You will see a list of bearings that are currently known to the
software. More bearings are available in the Commtest Bearing
Archive which can be accessed by clicking the large button on the
bottom-left of the window. Details for using the bearing archive are
described in Using the Bearing Database (page 185).

• Select a bearing from the list then click OK. You will see the
Bearing on Point Editor that gives you tabs for 'Bearing
Data', 'Notes' and 'Interchange'.

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 The 'Interchange' tab is open by default. This contains a list of
alternative bearings (if any) that could be used to replace your
chosen bearing when it wears out. The Select a different bearing
button takes you back to the previous window so that you can
choose a different bearing.

• Click the 'Bearing Data', and 'Notes' tabs to see what

information they contain.

• Click OK to assign your chosen bearing to the point.

Defining Your Own Bearings

To create you own bearings you need to know either the fault
frequencies of the bearing, or the internal dimensions.

• Right-click a point in the navigator tree and choose

New>Bearing Definition.

• Right-click in the list of bearings and select Add.

• Enter the required information into the blank fields (place the
mouse cursor in a blank field to see a picture and description
of the required information on the right of the screen).

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 • If you enter the internal dimensions you can then click the
Calculate button on the bottom left to calculate the bearing
fault frequencies.

• Click OK to save the new bearing.

Adding a Gear to a Point

• Right-click a point in the navigator tree and choose
New>Gear Definition. The Gear on Point window will
appear.

• Enter a description and the number of teeth on your gear

then click OK to assign your gear to the point.

Applying Different Rotational Speeds

Across a Machine
Various shafts in a machine may be rotating at different speeds due
to gearboxes or pulley drives etc. Within the software you can adjust
the RPM value of recordings taken at different points by applying a
point-level RPM multiplier. The software will multiply the actual
machine speed by your RPM Multiplier value to calculate the shaft
speed at each point.

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 1. First edit the point definition. Right-click a point and select
Edit.
2. Enter an RPM Multiplier value and click OK. This value
defines how much faster/slower the shaft is turning at this
point compared to the machine speed. (The diameter field
can be left blank as it is only used on linear speed machines,
e.g. paper mills.)
3. Repeat this process from step 1 to change the rotational
speed at additional points. Once you have defined the RPM
Multiplier at each point you can update the RPM values on
all recent recordings on an entire machine.
4. Right-click a machine and select Set RPM.
5. Enter the running speed of the machine then tick 'Apply RPM
to Multiplier at each Point'.
6. Apply the RPM value by choosing options in the Set RPM
editor then click OK. Each option is explained in detail in
Setting RPMs for Multiple Recordings.

Copying Items to Multiple Locations

To speed up the process of building your machines, you can copy
and re-use individual items, such as the point we copied earlier, or
non-structural items such as alarms and routes.
A single item, such as an alarm, can be pasted to one place or
automatically pasted to many places at once.

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 Copying an item to one place only
• Right-click the item and select Copy Branch to Clipboard.

• Now right-click where you want to place it and select Paste.

The item will be pasted into the navigator tree below the item
you selected.
Note: The pasted item will be placed below the selected item in
relation to the machine hierarchy e.g. if you paste a point, it will be
placed below the locations and schedule entries of the point above.
Copying an item to multiple places
• Right-click an item, such as a schedule entry, and select
Copy Branch to Clipboard.

• Now right-click a higher-level item such as a machine and

select Paste.

• You will be prompted to paste the item to all the appropriate

places that exist below the item you have selected. Click Yes
to confirm.
It is also possible to copy entire machines and file them away in
storage so that they can be retrieved, re-named and re-used as
many times as you like. This process is explained in Storing
Re-usable Components in the Library (page 227).

Deleting Items
• To delete any item in the navigator, right-click it and select
Delete from the shortcut menu, or left-click the item and
press Delete on your keyboard.

• A dialog box will appear asking you to confirm this action.

Click Yes to delete the item.

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 Edit Measurements
The Measurement Editor (Edit>Edit Measurements...) allows you to
copy or 'clone' previously recorded measurements, or manually
create new measurements.
To generate a new measurement simply enter a timestamp date and
time, the units to be used on the X and Y scales, the X scale's start
and end values, the values for each sample required, and any other
values you wish to use for the new measurement.
To create a new measurement based on a previous recording:

• Click the existing recording in the navigator list,

• Press the Load from Measurement button. The recording's

values will be displayed in the Measurement Editor.

• Alter the measurement values as required.

• Press the Create at this location button. A new

measurement will be created and displayed in the navigator
list.
Note: The Measurement Editor can not be used to alter the recorded
values of an existing recording. The sampling rate of new
measurements is calculated automatically based upon the number of
samples entered into the samples field.

Using Auto Save

Auto Save Mode automatically saves each change you make. This
allows you to carry out your work without having to remember to click
Save after each change.

• Auto Save is turned on by default. To toggle this feature

on/off, from the main menu select Options>Auto Save.
Notes:
Auto Save is recommended for use in multi-user networked
environments where more than one user may be making changes to
a database; in a single user environment there is no need to have
Auto Save turned on.

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 Turning on Auto Save will disable the Ascent program's Undo \
Revert function i.e. if you mistakenly delete an item you will need to
manually re-create it. For this reason we recommend turning off Auto
Save it you are deleting large numbers of items.

Saving and Undoing Changes

Whenever you make a change such as adding or deleting an item
the Save button will become 'active'. Click this to save your changes.

• To undo the last save, select File>Undo \ Revert, from the

main menu. This will undo every change back to the last
save (you cannot undo a single action if you made several
changes before clicking Save).
Note: There is only one level of Undo i.e. you cannot return to a
state that was several saves ago.

Using the Navigator

Now that you have created your first machine we can use it to
examine how the navigator is used.

The Navigator List

• Select any item in the navigator tree by clicking on it.
The navigator list (the part of the screen beneath the navigator tree),
will display any items that belong to your selection. For example, if
you have a machine selected in the navigator tree, the navigator list
will display the points that are defined at that machine, as well as any
machine notes. Clicking a schedule entry in the navigator tree
will cause the navigator list to display all recordings associated with
that schedule entry.

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 As with the navigator tree, right-clicking in the navigator list opens a
shortcut menu giving you easier access to commonly used
commands.

Sorting the Navigator

You can sort the navigator tree by alarms, alphabetically or in default
order. Access these options by ticking items in the Screen menu.

Sort Navigator by Alarms will make machines and points with the
worst alarm condition appear at the top of the navigator.

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 Sort Tree Alphabetically will order machines alphabetically by
name.
You can also manually sort items by dragging and dropping them
into new positions using the mouse. Use Drag and Drop to re-sort
machines into any order and to change the order of points and
measurement locations within a machine.

• To enable this feature choose Edit>Enable Drag and Drop

from the main menu.

• To move an item, click and hold down the mouse button

while dragging the item into a new position. The blue
highlight indicates where the dragged item will be placed
when the mouse is released.

Note: Turning on drag and drop will disable the alarm based and
alphabetical sorting options. To re-enable them, un-tick Enable Drag
and Drop in the Edit menu.
The navigator list (bottom half of the navigator panel) which is used
to display your measurements can be sorted to make the
measurements appear 'oldest first' or 'most recent first' (most recent
is the default).

• From the main menu, choose Screen>Measurements in

Navigator, then select either Oldest first or Most Recent
first.

Using the Navigator Filter

The navigator search filter is used to narrow the machines, points,
locations and recordings displayed in the navigator tree based upon
user-defined search criteria.

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 Navigator list items can be filtered by:
Folder name
Machine name
Point name
Axis

Recordings can be filtered by:

RPM
Date range

The navigator filter is located directly above the navigator list on the
left-hand side of your screen. It can be toggled on/off using the
Screen>Show Search Bar menu item.

To create a new filter or edit an existing filter:

• Click the right-facing arrow button to expand the filter

window.
Note: To use a previously defined filter, simply select it from the
dropdown list. To disable to filter, select No Filter from the list: this is
the filter's default state following installation.

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 The filter window will open in the main graph window.

• Type a suitable name into the Filter Name: field, 'PM2 DE'
for example.
Note: As you define the criteria to be used by your filter the navigator
list will update in real time.

• Select a folder to search within from the Folder(s) dropdown

list. This option will only be available if more than one folder
is present in the navigator tree.

• Type the name of the machine you wish to search within,

'Dryer' for example into the Machine(s) field. Type either the
full or partial machine name (containing the first few letters of
the machine name).

• Type the points you wish to filter within into the Point(s)
field.

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 • Select an axis from the Axis/Axes dropdown list. Click the
Save button to save your new filter, or Clear to reset the
filter and start again. The delete an existing filter select it
from the filter dropdown list, expand the filter window and
press the Delete button.
Filter Recordings
To filter recordings by RPM or date range, select the checkbox
beside By RPM: or By Date: then type or select a date range using
the text and date fields. Recordings outside the range(s) specified
will be removed from the navigator list.

Hiding Detailed Recording Information

You can choose to display or hide the RPM and measurement type
of recordings in the navigator. Hiding this information can improve
performance slightly on very large databases.

Recordings with RPM and measurement type displayed

The same recordings showing only their timestamp

• To toggle this feature on or off, from the main menu select

Screen>Measurements in Navigator>Show RPM and
Measurement Type.

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 Hiding Recordings in the Navigator
As you add more recordings to your database the speed at which the
navigator list displays them may slow down, particularly when you
have many hundreds of recordings. To speed up the response time
you can limit the number of recordings displayed in the navigator list.

• Right-click in the navigator list (the lower half of the

navigator) and select Recordings Displayed then select a
number from the available options.

Selecting Multiple Items

You can select multiple sequential items in the navigator list by
dragging a rectangle around them.

• To do this hold down the left mouse button and drag up or

down to the last item you want to select.

• Another method is to click the top-most item you want to

select, hold down the SHIFT key and use the down arrow
key to highlight and select sequential items.

• A third method is to click the first item, hold down the SHIFT
key and click the last item you want to select.
Selecting non-sequential items
• To select multiple items that are not sequential, hold down
the CTRL key while you click items in the navigator list.

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 Archiving Recordings and Notes
Recordings, machine notes and measurement notes can be
archived, meaning that they will be hidden from view (but not
deleted). Archived items will not appear in the navigator list. Archived
notes will not appear on charts.

• To archive a recording or note right-click it in the navigator

list and choose Edit then tick the 'Archived' box on the
editor.

• To re-display an archived item right-click in the navigator list

area and tick Show Archived items.

The Creation Palette

The creation palette contains shortcut buttons for routine tasks such
as creating a bearing or adding a note.

• If the creation palette is not visible, display it by selecting

Screen>Show Creation Palette.

• Hover the cursor over each button to display an explanation

of what the button does. Feel free to click the buttons - each
will open a new window enabling you to perform different
tasks. You can close each window by clicking Cancel.

• The creation palette can be hidden or displayed by choosing

Screen from the main menu and ticking or un-ticking the
Show Creation Palette option.

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 Customizing Your Work Area
Screen elements, such as the navigator and creation palette, can be
hidden or re-positioned to suit your preferences.

• From the main menu click Screen.

The full list of options is available from the drop-down menu. Hide,
show or re-position screen elements by ticking or un-ticking options
in the list.

Creating a Route
Note: Routes are created in the software then sent to the instrument;
they cannot be created or edited in the instrument. Routes are not
applicable to online instruments.
You could now send the Drying Machines folder to the instrument
and collect data by selecting the machine, points and locations from
the Record menu in the instrument then pressing Start. But first we
will define a route which is an ordered list of measurement locations
that you follow from start to finish when collecting data. This route
can then be transferred to the instrument, which will prompt the
operator to collect the measurements in the order listed.

• If you are not already in Build Mode, click the Build button to
activate this (remember to click the Manual Build Mode link if
you are using the licensed Machine Builder Wizard).

• Now click the Create Route button (see diagram) on the

Creation Palette at the left of the screen. Alternatively,
right-click a blank area in the navigator and choose
New>Route.

You will be asked if you want to begin by adding all the

measurement locations to the route.

• Answer Yes to open the Route Editor. All the measurement

locations are listed in the window - these are the route
entries that will make up your route.

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 Note: A measurement location must have at least one schedule
entry defined for it to appear in a route. The instrument needs to
know what type of measurement to take - this information is
contained in the schedule entry.

• The default name is 'Unnamed Route'. Change this to

'Weekly Route' or enter a name of your choice (the name
cannot be more than 16 characters in length).

• To change the order of the measurement locations, click and

hold down the mouse button while dragging the selected
location to a new position. Alternatively, click a location to
select it then move it using the red up/down arrows. Hold
down CTRL or SHIFT while you click items in the list to
select more than one at a time.

• Right-click an item or click the Operations button to access

a list of helpful operations.

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 • When you are satisfied with the order of your route click OK
to save it.

• Now turn off Build Mode (click the Build button) to see your
completed folder, ready to be sent to the instrument.

Adding a vbX or vbOnline Instrument to

Ascent
vbX series and vbOnline instruments must be added to the Ascent
software's instrument database before data transfers can take place.
If you intend to transfer data via an external USB flash drive rather
than directly to Ascent, you must first add at least one instrument to
the Ascent software using the method below. The Ascent software
will not allow you to create Parameter Sets if no instruments have
been added to its instrument database.

• Connect the instrument and the PC using the supplied

communications cable (USB or Ethernet for vbX instruments
or Ethernet or Serial for vbOnline devices).

• Start the Ascent software on the PC.

• In the Ascent software, select Edit>Manage>vb

Instruments... The Manage Instruments window will open.

• If the instrument is not listed click Add and select the

instrument type to add.

• Check the right-hand panel of the Add vbX or Add

vbOnline window. If your vbX instrument or vbOnline device
is listed and highlighted, click the Add vbX or Add vbOnline
button or double-click the instrument name.

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 If the vbX instrument is not listed check that the IP address used by
the instrument and the IP used by the software are the same (on a
vbX instrument press Options, then Network to view the
Ethernet and USB IP addresses used).
Note: Your instrument will only need to be added to the software on
its first connection to the software. In future it will be detected
automatically.

Setting a vbX Instrument's IP Address

Automatically
When communicating with a vbX instrument using an Ethernet
connection (via a switch for example) the instrument can be
configured to accept an automatically assigned IP address from your
network DHCP server as follows:

• Open the Manage Instruments window (Edit>Manage>vb

Instruments...) and double-click your vbX instrument. The
instrument's vbX Properties window will open.

• Within the Ethernet area of the Setup tab, check the box
beside Obtain an IP address automatically via DHCP.

• Click OK.
In addition to Proflashing and network connection options, the vbX
Properties window includes a Tasks tab. The options under this
Tasks tab are as follows:

• Instrument Details. Displays hardware, firmware and

network details of your instrument.
• Copy Database. Allows you to save a copy of the vbX's
database (pbd) to an external source, if you wish to back up
the database.
• Overwrite Database. Allows you to select a database
backup file to copy to the instrument.
• Synchronize Time. Synchronizes the instrument's time and
data stamps with your PC.
• Screen Capture. Displays and controls the screen of a
connected vbX instrument via a pop-up window. Useful for
capturing images of screens, measurements and reports.

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 Transferring Folders to a vbSeries
Portable Instrument
Note: The steps below assume you have already added your
vbSeries portable instrument to the Ascent software's instrument
database. The 'Send' and 'Receive' buttons are only used when
communicating with a vbSeries portable instrument. They are not
used for communications with vbOnline devices.

• Plug your powered instrument into the PC using the supplied

communications cable.

• Click the Send button in Ascent. The 'Send' window will

open.

• Select Instrument from the 'Comms Method' dropdown list.

Note:
The Comms Method options Read from File and Write to File are
available if you wish to import or export an XML recordings file from
or to an external source.
vbX instruments
• Select your instrument from the 'Instrument' dropdown list,
then tick the boxes beside the folders you wish to send to the
instrument.

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 • Select the folders you wish to transfer by ticking the
checkboxes beside their names. Click Send. This will
overwrite all stored information and delete all recordings
(except baseline recordings) on the instrument.
vX000 instruments
• Select the option vbX000 instrument from the 'Instrument'
dropdown list. Communications will begin with the instrument
and the 'Prepare for Send' window will open. Select an
existing folder to replace or an empty folder (click one of the
'-new-' labels) then click OK. When the communications
process is complete the instrument will display the Main
Menu.

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 Transferring Recordings to the Ascent
Database
Note: The steps below assume you have already added your
vbSeries instrument to the Ascent software's instrument database.
The 'Send' and 'Receive' buttons are only used when communicating
with a vbSeries portable instrument. They are not used for
communications with vbOnline devices.

• Plug your powered instrument into the PC using the supplied

communications cable.

• Click the Receive button to establish communication

between the software and instrument. The 'Receive' window
will open.

• Select Instrument from the 'Comms Method' dropdown list.

Note:
The Comms Method option Read from File is available if you wish to
import an XML recordings file from an external source, such as a
USB flash drive.
The Receive window displayed by the software varies depending on
the instrument type you are connected to:
vbX instruments
• Select your instrument from the 'Instrument' dropdown list.
The Folder list will update to display all folders located on the
instrument.

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 • Select the folders you wish to transfer by ticking the
checkboxes beside their names. The instrument transfers
recordings by sending entire storage folders to the PC.

• Click Receive near the bottom-right of the window to begin

transferring recordings. When the transfer is complete click
Close.
vbX000 instruments
• Select 'vbX000 instrument' from the 'Instrument' dropdown
list. Communications will begin.
If you only have a single folder defined in the instrument the receive
process will proceed automatically. If there are multiple folders in the
instrument a window will display allowing you to select the folders to
transfer.

• To transfer more than one folder at a time click the 'Receive

multiple folders' box then tick the boxes beside each folder
that you want to receive and click OK.

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 The Navigator Tree
The top half of the navigator shows the structure of the machines in
this folder.

The Drying Machines folder you have been working in is shown

at the top of the navigator tree.

Machines contained within a folder are listed underneath the

folder icon.

Points represent an area on a machine and are listed underneath

the machine they belong to.

Measurement locations (horizontal, vertical etc.) represent the

actual place on the machine where you will place a sensor to take
vibration measurements.

Schedule entries represent a recording that is scheduled to be

taken and are listed directly underneath the measurement locations
that they apply to.

If there is a small symbol beside an item, it means that you can

click it to expand it out and see what is beneath it in the hierarchy.
Clicking the symbol will collapse that branch of the tree.

• Right-click an item in the navigator tree to display a shortcut

menu of options. This menu gives you easier access to
commands that are available from the toolbar buttons and
main menu.

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 Maintaining Data Integrity
Caution: The Ascent software identifies machines, points, axes and
sensors by their names. If you rename these items in the instrument
and then transfer data from the instrument to the Ascent software,
the software will treat it as a new item. Furthermore, avoid having
duplicate names in the instrument. They will be differentiated solely
on the order that they appear in the instrument and the software.

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 Using the Example Data
We will now explore some of the data display and analysis features
of the software, such as generating reports and plotting data on
charts. If you have not yet collected any data you can use the
example machines and recordings included in the factory default
database to experiment with.

• If you wish to use the example data click the Open button on
the toolbar.

• Select a folder from the list (not the Drying Machines folder
that you created earlier). If you can't see any folders, click
the icon beside one of the blue site icons.

• Click OK to open your chosen folder. The navigator will

display the machines within this folder.

• Remember to click the icons to open out the machine

structures. Alternatively, right-click in the navigator tree and
select Expand all to open all the machines at once.

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 Section 3: Reports
How to Generate Reports
The reporting system provides a valuable tool for analyzing your
data. A variety of reports are available to help you summarize
information and highlight areas of concern.

• Click the Report button to see the full list of available

reports.

Note: The options on your report list may differ from those shown in
the illustration above depending on your specific software version.

• To generate a report, select a machine or other item in the

navigator then click Report and choose the report type from
the list.

• Right-click on any displayed report to open the shortcut

menu. Here you will find commands for changing the format
of the report such as including or excluding certain data.

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 You can generate a report on a single machine by selecting it in the
navigator, or all machines in the folder by selecting the folder icon at
the top of the navigator. For instructions on printing the report see
Printing Charts and Reports (page 140).
Note: If you make any changes to the default settings you will be
prompted to save these when you close the report.
If you want the changes to be permanent (until you change them
again) click OK. Click No to discard the changes.

Alarm Report
The Alarm Report details the current and previous two (by default)
states of each alarm at the selected location on a machine.

• To change the number of previous recordings displayed,

right-click the report and choose Set History Count.

• Enter a value then click OK. Note that the latest recording is
included in this value i.e. if you set the value to '1' only the
latest recording will be shown on the report.

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 Note: You may also select a date range or data type filter by
right-clicking the report and selecting the Date Range (All Dates)
and Data Types... filter parameters.

Balancing Report
After performing a balance job with the instrument, the process and
results can be summarized in a Balancing Report. This report can
also be generated by double-clicking the balance job icon in the
navigator list.

• Right-click on the report to open the shortcut menu. Here

you will find commands for changing the format of the report.
These options are also available from the main menu under
Options>Balancing Reports.

Detailed Exception Report

The Exception Report is an overall summary of the condition of your
machines. Each machine is listed with a colored horizontal bar
showing its status (red = danger, green = OK etc.). The most critical
machines are shown at the top of the report.
The machine names and locations are shown as blue underlined
links. Clicking them will select that machine or location in the
navigator tree.

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 The machines that are in the worst condition are listed at the top. If a
machine does not have any alarms, its status will be listed as
'Unknown'. By default the Exception Report will display information
for all the machines in a folder.

• To generate an Exception Report for a single machine, click

Report and select Detailed Exception Report.

• Click the blue underlined link with the name of the machine
you wish to generate the report on.

• Right-click the report and un-tick Show All Machines. This

will hide the other machines and only display the machine
you selected.

Last 8 Measurements
This is similar to the Last Measurement Report but includes the
previous 7 measurements for comparison. This report does not, by
default, show the percentage change between the latest
measurement and the one before it. You can turn this option on
using the right-click shortcut menu.

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 Last Measurement Report
The Last Measurement Report displays the spectrum overall values
of the latest measurements taken for each schedule entry at a
selected machine. The report also includes the overall value of the
previous recording for comparison and gives the percentage change
between the previous and latest recordings.

• Right-click on the report to open the shortcut menu. Here

you will find commands for hiding or showing different
columns of data and for setting the number of previous
recordings to include in the report.

Machine Assessment Reports

The Machine Assessment Report (MAR) system simplifies
generation of PdM condition and status reports for third-party clients.
Once route or machinery analysis has been completed by an analyst
or service provider, this tool allows a report to be generated detailing
specific recommendations and existing/upcoming fault conditions.
Reports are printable or may be exported in standard HTML or XML
format.
Note: Before creating a Machine Assessment Report you must first
configure the Machine Assessment Report database (page 78). Until
this is done, all reporting menu items will be grayed out and
unavailable.

Machine Assessment Summary Reports

Each Machine Assessment Report is automatically associated with a
Machine Assessment Summary (MAS) Report when it is created.
The Machine Assessment Summary Report is generated and
populated automatically using information entered into the Machine
Assessment Reports. When you have finished creating individual
Machine Assessment Reports, you may choose to publish these
reports individually, or together with its companion Machine
Assessment Summary Report.
The Machine Assessment Summary Report briefly summarizes the
Machine Reports, providing clients with a simple 'one sheet' overview
of the state of their plant equipment.

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 Configure the Machine Assessment Report
Database
Before using the Machine Assessment Report tool for the first time,
you must create a Report database.

• From the Ascent software's main menu, select

Options>Configure Advanced Reporting.... The
'Advanced Reporting Setup' panel will open.
Note: Do NOT change the username and password, or the default
database name ('db_reportingframework.fdb').

• Select the Local Machine checkbox to create a database on

your local PC, then click Create to choose a location where
the database will be created and reside. To create a
database on a networked drive, select the Network
checkbox and press Create. Enter a server IP or name, and
an absolute path to the database in the 'Network Settings'
window that opens, then OK.
Note: If creating a network database, the network path must be an
'absolute' and include correct drive mapping from the server's
perspective rather than a virtual server address (for example,
'P:\MyDatabase\Database.fdb' would be acceptable, but
'\\Server\MyDatabase\Database.fdb' would not)

• Click OK. The database will be created. You can now create
a Machine Assessment Report (see the following topic).

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 Create a Machine Assessment Report
• Right-click a machine, point or location in the navigator tree
and select New>Report>Machine Assessment Report.
The 'Create Machine Assessment Report' interface will open.

• Type a report name into the field and click OK.

Note: New and existing Machine Assessment Reports are listed

beneath the machine they were created for at the bottom of the
navigator list. They can be opened or re-opened at any time by
right-clicking and selecting Edit.

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 • Right click the new report and select Edit. The 'Advanced
Reporting Editor' interface will open.
The Advanced Reporting Editor consists of three main panels:
The Summary Navigator Panel (top-left). Lists all
Machine Assessment Summary Reports available for the
currently open Datafolder.
The Machine Report List (bottom-left). Lists all Machine
Assessment Reports within the selected Machine
Assessment Summary Report.
The Report Editor Panel (right) is where report details
are entered and existing reports are viewed.

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 • In the lower-left Machine Report List panel, click the
machine name. The right-hand Report Editor Panel will now
display a form if it is not already visible. Use this form to
enter report details.

Select a fault type from the Fault: dropdown box or type

a fault into the text field if the dropdown list doesn't
contain a suitable fault description. After saving the
report, the new description will be added to the dropdown
list for future use. Press the Open ( ) button to edit
previously created fault type descriptions.
Type the location of the fault into the Fault Location: text
field.

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 Select a priority rating from the Priority: dropdown box.
The priority selected will be displayed beside the machine
in the Machine Report List panel.
Type the condition of the machine and the nature of the
repairs required, if necessary, into the
Recommendations: text area.
Right-click within the image boxes and select Capture
View from Ascent to load the current chart view into the
image field, or Load Image from File to attach an image
to the report. This might be a photograph of a damaged
component, for example.
Type a note explaining what the attached images
illustrate into the Image Notes: text area (only necessary
if you attached images to the report in the previous step).
Select the VA analyst's name from the Analyst Name:
dropdown box, or type a new name into the field. Press
the Open ( ) button to edit previously created analyst
names.

• Click the Save button on the main menu.

Note: Click the Preview tab at any time to preview the report in the
Report Editor Panel. You will be prompted to save the report before
it will be displayed.

• Click Reports from the main Advanced Reporting Editor

main menu and select the appropriate report status options.
Lock if the report is completed. The report will become
read-only.
Unlock if the report was previously unlocked but you
wish to change the report information.
Mark as Complete if the machine report is finished.
Mark as Surveyed if the machine recordings have been
gathered.
Mark as Operational if the machine is still functioning

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 The options you select will be reflected in the machine panel under
the respective value columns:

L Locked
C Completed
S Surveyed
O Operational

Items displayed in the report can be filtered using these parameters.

Filter options are located on the main menu bar.

Adding Machines to a Report

To add a machine or machines to your current Report, right click a
machine and select New>Report>Machine Assessment Report. In
the 'Create Machine Assessment Report' interface open the
dropdown list and select the report you wish to add the machine to.
Click OK. The machine will be added to the existing report, and listed
in the Machine Report List when the report is re-opened.

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 View a Machine Assessment Report
Existing Machine Assessment Reports can be viewed directly
through the Ascent graph panel, or via the Advanced Reporting
Editor.

View a Report in Ascent

• Press Report>Machine Assessment Summary Report or
Report>Machine Assessment Report from the Main Menu
then select a report from the navigator list.
Note: If the Machine Assessment Summary Report or Machine
Assessment Report dropdown menu items are grayed out, and you
are sure you have a license for this feature, see Configure the
Machine Assessment Report Database (page 78). An assessment
report database must be created before these menu items will be
enabled.

Alternatively:

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 • Double-click a Machine Assessment Summary Report or
Machine Assessment Report in the navigator list. The
Machine Assessment Summary or Machine Assessment
Report details will display in the right-hand graph panel.
Note: Machine Assessment Reports and Machine Assessment
Summary Reports can be differentiated in the navigator list by
looking for brackets around the report name and a timestamp:
A Machine Assessment Summary Report when viewed in the
navigator list does not have a timestamp or brackets:

Double-click this item, then click it once, and the Machine

Assessment Summary Report will be displayed in the graphs panel:

Machine Assessment Summary Report

A Machine Assessment Report when viewed in the navigator list

has a timestamp. The report's name is also nested within brackets:

Double click this item and the Machine Assessment Report for its
associated machine will be displayed in the graphs (right-hand)
panel:

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 Machine Assessment Report

View a Report in the Advanced Reporting Editor

• Right-click a Machine Assessment Summary Report or
Machine Assessment Report in the Navigator List and select
Edit. The 'Advanced Reporting Editor' interface will open.

• Either:
Select a Machine Summary Report from the top-left
Summary Navigator Panel, or;
Select a Machine Assessment Report from the Machine
Report List.

Note: To select more than one Machine Assessment Report, hold

the CTRL or Shift keyboard keys while selecting multiple reports.

• Click the Preview tab in the right-hand Report Editor Panel

and the report will be displayed.

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 Publish a Machine Summary or Assessment
Report
Machine reports can be exported in HTML or XML format and
provided electronically to interested parties for review via a standard
web browser.

Note: Reports can also be printed normally for hard copy delivery by
selecting File>Print.

Publish a Machine Summary Report

• Click the Datafolder to list all machines and Machine
Summary Reports in the navigator list.

• Right-click the target Machine Assessment Summary Report

from the navigator list and select Reports>Publish Machine
Assessment Summary Report. The 'Publish' panel will
open.

• Select the reports you wish to output from Published

Reports area.
Selection. Include the Machine Reports currently
selected and highlighted.

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 All Machines. Include all machines in the selected
Summary Report.

Note: As you selected the publish option from the Datafolder level,
the first and second options will both select all available Machine
Assessment Reports.
Top 20 by Priority. Include the twenty highest priority
reports in ascending rank. Highest priority is Safety and
lowest Non Operational.
Priority More Than. Include only reports with a priority
higher than that specified in the dropdown list.

• Select the parameters of the published report from the

Settings area.
Include summary. Tick if you wish to include the overall
Machines Assessment Summary Report in addition to the
individual Machine Assessment Reports (leave ticked).
Include incomplete. Include all reports that have a
completion status of 'Not Completed' in addition to
'Completed' machine reports.
Use individual styles. Use individual styles for each
Machine Report. If de-selected, all reports will use a
single common style sheets (.xslt files).
Lock All Reports. Locks all reports after publication is
completed.

• Click the Browse button to select the location on your

computer you will publish the report to.

• Click the dropdown list beside 'Output Format:' and choose

the publication format. Available formats are HTML and
XML.

• Click the Publish button. The report will now be published

and exported in HTML or XML together with any related style
sheets, images or other related files.

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 Note: The published files will consist of two HTML or XML files and a
'data' folder. One HTML/XML file will begin with 'MSR'. This file
contains the Machine Assessment Summary of all reports generated.
The second file will begin with 'MAS'. This file contains the individual
Machine Assessment Reports for each machine.

Publish a Machine Assessment Report

• Right-click the target Machine Assessment Report under a
machine in the navigator tree and select Edit. The
'Advanced Reporting Editor' interface will open.

• Select a machine from the bottom-left Machine Report List to

select individual Machine Assessment Reports (CTRL-click
to select multiple reports).

• Select File>Publish from the Advanced Reporting Editor

main menu. The 'Publish' panel will open.

• De-select the Include Summary? checkbox.

• Select the parameters of the published report from the

Settings area.

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 Include summary. Tick if you wish to include the overall
Summary report in addition to the individual Machine
reports (leave de-selected if publishing individual
Machine Reports).
Include incomplete. Include all reports that have a
completion status of 'Not Completed' in addition to
'Completed' machine reports.
Use individual styles. Use individual styles for each
Machine Report. If de-selected, all reports will use a
single common style sheets (.xslt files).
Lock All Reports. Locks all reports after publication is
completed.

• Click the Browse button. Navigate to a location on your

computer where the published files will be generated.

• Click the dropdown list beside 'Output Format:' and choose

the publication format. Available formats are HTML and
XML.

• Click the Publish button. The report will now be published

and exported in HTML or XML together with any related style
sheets, images or other related files.
Note: The published files will consist of one HTML or XML file and a
'data' folder. The individual HTML/XML file contains reports for the
machine(s) selected for publication.

Machine Summary Report

The Machine Summary Report lists the recordings status of Machine
Points stored within a folder within a specified time range. Machines
are placed below one of three possible tables according to their
recordings status: Not Recorded (no expected recordings taken),
Partially Recorded (some expected recordings taken) and
Recorded (all expected recording taken).
Machine names are listed below the Machine column. Actual
recordings taken relative to the expected numbers are listed below
the Fully Recorded, Partially Recorded or Not Recorded column.
The times and dates of the last recordings measured for each
machine are listed under the Last Recording Date column.

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 To select a report date range:

• Right-click within the report window.

• Select Date Range (Range). The Select Date Range

window will open.

• Enter the required date range.

• Click OK. The report will refresh using the date range
specified.
Note: the date range you select will be used as the default when
next opening the Machine Summary Report.

Notes Report
The Notes Report lists all notes stored within a Folder, ordered by
Machine. Notes for individual Points and any associated
measurements are displayed below each Machine listed.
To select a report date range:

• Right-click within the report window.

• Select Date Range (Range). The Select Date Range

window will open.

• Enter the required date range.

• Click OK.
Note: the date range you select will be used as the default when
next opening the Notes Report.

Routes Due Report

The Routes Due Report produces a listing of all routes in the current
folder that are due to be recorded 'today'.

• To change the date, for example to see which routes are due
next week, right-click the background and choose Setup
Report.

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 • Enter a new date and click Continue.

Structure and Route Reports

The Structure Report and Route Report generate text descriptions of
the contents of your database.
The Structure Report lists all machines, points, measurement
locations and schedule entries in the current selection.

• Click a machine then click Reports and select Structure

Report from the list.

• To include bearing part numbers in the report, right-click the

background and choose Setup Report.

• Tick the box beside 'Include Bearing Part Numbers' then

click Click here to continue to generate the report.
The Route Report creates a list of all route entries (the measurement
locations on a route).

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 • Click a route to produce a list of route entries or click a
machine to generate a report for all routes that include this
machine.

• Now click the Report button and select Route Report.

• To include schedule entries or remove them from the report,

right-click the background and choose Setup Report.

• Tick or un-tick the Include Schedule Entries tick box, then

click Click here to continue to generate the report.

Automated Reports
If you need to print a large number of charts or reports this process
can be carried out very quickly using the software's Automated
Report system. An automated report creates a printable multi-page
output of the latest recordings using the chart or report of your
choice. For example, you can create an alarm report of the latest
recordings at every schedule entry on a machine and compile these
into one printable report (1 alarm report per page).

• To generate an automated report, open the chart or report

you want to print, select an item in the navigator e.g. a
machine then choose View>Automated Report from the
main menu.

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 • Use the drop-down boxes and tickboxes to select the items
you would like the automated report to be generated for,
then click OK. Nothing will be printed yet.
The displayed Print - Automated Report window lets you select the
color scheme for the report, choose whether to show page numbers
and also adjust the paper layout etc

• To preview the report before printing click Preview. This

displays an on-screen preview of the report that will be
produced. Click Close to close the preview window.

• Click Print to send this report to a printer.

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 • If you wish to annotate the chart before printing click Export
to Word. This will open the report as a Microsoft Word
document so that you can add comments and highlight areas
of interest etc.
If you want to selectively choose items to generate an automated
report on, such as specific locations on several different machines,
you can tag individual items and create a report of just those items.
Tagging is a method of grouping selected items so that operations
can be carried out on them collectively. For more information on
tagging and how to create an automated report on tagged items see
Tagging (page 225).

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 Section 4: Plotting Data
Using Charts
This section will introduce you to plotting your data. We will also
explore many of the features you can use to analyze your data, such
as fault frequencies and baseline measurements.

• Click one of the schedule entries in the navigator tree.

The navigator list will display the recordings that belong to
this schedule entry.

• Double-click a recording (indicated by the triangle and

date/time stamp) to plot it. Double-clicking a schedule entry
will plot a spectrum if this is a frequency domain
measurement or a time waveform if this is a time domain
measurement.

• You can show or hide gridlines by right-clicking the chart and

selecting Chart Display>Horizontal Grid (or Vertical Grid)
from the shortcut menu.

• Right-click the chart and move the mouse to Chart Legend.

This opens a sub-menu that lets you choose which data you
want displayed on the bottom of the chart. For example,
ticking Show all info makes the <set RPM> and <add note>
labels visible. Click a label to perform that action.

Zooming and Panning

Zooming and panning allow you to take a closer look at a specific
area of interest on a chart. Listed below are the zooming and
panning methods available.
Panning
The chart can be dragged in any direction to display sections that are
hidden from view.

• To pan the chart, right-click and hold the mouse button then
drag the chart to either side.

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 • To return the chart to its original location, follow the
instructions for unzooming.
Zoom in on a rectangle area
• Left-click a place on the left side of the chart section you
wish to zoom.

• Hold down the mouse button while you drag a rectangle

across and down to the right. This will create a dashed
rectangle around the region of interest.

• Release the mouse button to perform the zoom.

Zoom out
• To unzoom the chart, left-click and hold the mouse button,
then drag a rectangle up and to the left on the chart. The
zoom rectangle will appear with a large ‘X’ in it. When you
release the mouse button the chart will return to its original
size and location.
Zoom in horizontally
• To zoom horizontally, left-click on one side of the range you
wish to zoom in on, and drag across to the right or left.

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 • Release the mouse button to perform the zoom.

A waveform chart shown after horizontal zooming

If you start the horizontal zoom action to the left of the chart area, the
zoom will start exactly on the left axis (i.e. from zero frequency).
Click to the left of the left axis to make the chart zoom by 200% (you
can do this repeatedly to make the chart zoom in 200% increments).
Zoom in vertically
• To zoom vertically, click the left mouse button above or
below the range you wish to zoom in on, and drag up or
down only to the other side of the range.

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 Zooming functions using the mouse wheel
• If you have a mouse with a wheel, you can zoom vertically
by moving the mouse cursor over the left axis of the chart
and spinning the wheel.

• To zoom horizontally, hold the mouse cursor over the bottom

axis of the chart and spin the wheel.

Using Cursors
Cursors are a valuable tool for analyzing your data. They can be
used to show the amplitude and frequency of a peak, identify
harmonics, and show the frequency difference between two peaks.
The software uses 'sync interpolation' to estimate the true value of
the peak. This only applies to spectra that are not interpolated
already, and not displayed in a dB scale.
There are two cursors available - one for each mouse button. Cursor
A is assigned to the left mouse button while cursor B is assigned to
the right mouse button.
To place a cursor on the chart
• Move the mouse cursor over a plot line - the mouse pointer
will change to a cross hair.

• Left-click to place Cursor A on the chart.

Toggling between cursors
• Press the '.' (period) key on the keyboard to toggle between
the two cursors. If the other cursor has not been activated
yet it will be placed at the same location as the current active
cursor.
Moving cursors using the arrow keys
• Use the left and right arrow keys on the keyboard to move
the cursor along the data points of the selected recording.

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 • Press SHIFT as you move left and right to move in 1 pixel
increments only.

• Press CTRL as you move left and right to jump to the next
peak and perform a peak search.
Note: You can access other cursor commands by right-clicking the
chart background and selecting Cursor A or Cursor B.

Controlling Sideband/Orders display

• Right-click the chart and choose Harmonic Display. The
sub-menu contains options enabling Orders and Sidebands.

If Orders Only is selected, markers will appear at multiples of the

current cursor position's x value.
With Sidebands/Orders selected, if both cursors are active, the
markers will be centered on the primary cursor (Cursor A) and
located at intervals either side of this point at distances equal to the
difference between the two cursors.
These options can also be activated by pressing the keyboard
shortcut keys H, O and S when you have cursors active on a chart.
H = None (harmonics off)
O = Orders Only
S = Sidebands/Orders
Moving between plots on the chart
• Press the up and down arrow keys on the keyboard to move
between plots on the chart.
If the chart is in Stacked Chart Mode, the cursor will move up and
down between the plots on the stack.

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 If the chart is in Waterfall Chart Mode, the cursor will move
backwards and forwards between the plots.
If the chart is in Normal Chart Mode, the cursor will search up or
down at the current position for another recording to jump to.
Removing the Cursors
• To turn the cursors off press ESC.

Snapping to a Peak
• Press CTRL+P to make the cursor snap to the top of the
nearest peak. This will display the amplitude and frequency
of this peak.

• To activate Cursor B, right-click anywhere on the plot line.

The amplitude and frequency are displayed along with the
difference in frequency between the two peaks.
You can also place a cursor by double-clicking the mouse button; the
cursor will automatically snap to the top of the nearest peak.

Plotting Multiple Recordings on One Chart

By clicking the Hold button, you will prevent a chart from being
cleared when new recordings are added. Use this with the Add
button to plot several recordings together on one chart for easier
comparison.

• With a chart displayed click Hold.

• Select another recording with the mouse then click Add to

plot it on the same chart. Repeat to add other recordings.

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 • If you are plotting several recordings from a single schedule
entry use the CTRL or SHIFT key to select more than one
recording at a time.
Recordings do not need to be taken from the same measurement
location or even the same machine. For example, you can select
recordings from the same location on two identical machines and
view the vibrations levels of both on one chart. You could also plot
recordings from different points on the same machine to see how
they compare.
The following waveform was created by selecting three recordings
taken at one measurement location using velocity, acceleration and
displacement measures.

Choosing Which Recordings to Display

You can choose which recordings are displayed on a chart by
selecting items from the axis, units and domain sub-menus. For
example, right-click the chart and choose Restrict to
axis>Horizontal. This will force the chart to only display recordings
taken on the horizontal axis.

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 Chart Modes
The Ascent software can display multiple recordings in Normal,
Waterfall and Stacked chart mode.

• To switch between different chart modes, right-click a chart,

highlight Chart Display and choose a mode from the
shortcut menu.

Note: The shortcut keys on the right of this menu provide the same
functionality. Press these key combinations while viewing a chart to
display a different chart mode.
The example charts that follow show four recordings plotted on one
chart. Plotting multiple recordings can be done by selecting multiple
recordings using the mouse or by using the Hold function, which is
explained shortly.
Normal Chart Mode
This mode displays all the plots on the same 2D axis. Use the
right-click menu or CTRL+N to toggle this mode.

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 Waterfall Chart Mode
This mode presents the plots in a 3D view. Use the right-click menu
or CTRL+W to toggle this mode.

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 • To adjust both the depth and orientation of the chart hold
down the keyboard CTRL key and drag in any direction with
the left mouse button. Alternatively you can control just the
depth of the waterfall chart using Options>Waterfall Depth
from the main menu.

• To display a filled waterfall chart, right-click the chart and

select Chart Display>Allow Filled Waterfall. Selecting Fill
Waterfall in 3D creates a 3D waterfall chart.

• To reverse the plot order of the waterfall (so that the most
recent recording is moved to the front), right-click the chart
and select Reverse Plot Order.
Stacked Chart Mode
This mode presents the plots one-above each other in a 2D view.
Use the right-click menu or CTRL+S to toggle this mode.

Selecting Use Multi-Colored Legend from the right-click Chart

Display shortcut menu, applies different colors to each recording on
the chart. If this option is not chosen, the default colors are used
(blue for the selected recording, black for all others). You have
complete control over the colors used to plot data using the
Schemes system. See Changing Colors for Printer and Screen (page
144), for details on how to change the colors.

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 Creating On-chart Remarks
On-Chart Remarks allow you to annotate your charts.

• To add an on-chart remark right-click on the chart where you

want the remark to be placed and choose On-Chart
Remarks>Add.

• Enter the text for the remark and click OK.

• To add a remark to the current cursor position right-click the

chart and select Cursor A (or B) >Add Remark, or press
CTRL+R.

You can maintain a library of frequently used on-chart remarks using

the Library button. In this window you can add new remarks and edit
existing ones. These remarks can be selected from the library list
and re-used in any new charts you create.
Moving on-chart remarks
• Move the mouse cursor over the remark until a rectangle
appears beneath it.

• Left-click and hold the mouse while dragging to move the

on-chart remark.

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 Clicking and dragging the text will 'stretch' the line that anchors the
remark. Clicking and dragging the line allows you to move both the
line and the text to a new position.
Spreading out overlapping remarks
• If your on-chart remarks are set too close together you can
space them more evenly by right-clicking a remark and
choosing Spread out from the shortcut menu.
Editing or deleting on-chart remarks
• Right-click the remark and choose Edit text or Delete from
the shortcut menu.

Defining the RPM of a Recording

If you know the running speed of your machine you can enter this
value directly.

• On the bottom chart legend click the <set RPM> label. If this
is not visible, display it by right-clicking the chart and
selecting Chart Legend>Show all info.

• Enter the RPM value then click OK.

Using the software to calculate the RPM
To calculate the RPM of a recording using the software you need to
identify the 1X peak.

• Move the mouse cursor until it is over the first big peak on
the spectrum and double-click to place the cursor at the top
of this peak. The cursor may appear to jump off the spectrum
- this is because the true peak may lie between two FFT
values.

• Press CTRL+1 to open the Set 1X RPM window. The

frequency of the current peak will be displayed.

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 • Click OK to accept this value as the machine running speed.
To set the RPM values of all the recordings and/or schedule entries
at a machine see Setting RPMs for Multiple Recordings (page 200).

Viewing Data in Orders or Revolutions

Once the 1X RPM is defined you can view the chart in Orders (for
spectra) or Revs (for waveforms). The recording must have its 1X
RPM set so that the software knows how long one revolution takes.
Options on the shortcut menu that are not applicable will be grayed
out.
To view a chart in orders
• Right-click the chart and select Bottom Axis>Orders.
To view a chart in revolutions
• With a waveform displayed, set the 1X RPM as follows: in
the navigator list, right-click the recording used to plot this
waveform and select Set 1x RPM from the shortcut menu.

• Enter the RPM value and click OK.

• Now right-click the chart and select Bottom

Axis>Revolutions.

Displaying Fault Frequencies

To display fault frequencies on a chart you need to define:
• The 1X RPM value for the recording so that Orders can be
displayed. See Defining the RPM of a Recording (page 107).
• A bearing or gear at the point that contains these
measurements.

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 Note: If you want to display user-defined fault frequencies, you will
not have to add a bearing or gear to this point. Defining your own
fault frequencies is explained shortly.

• Right-click on a chart and select Fault Frequency

Markers>List. (Alternatively left-click anywhere on the chart
and press CTRL+F5 to open a window that lists the fault
frequencies available at this location.)

• Select the fault frequencies with the mouse to display them

on the chart.

BPFO: Ball pass frequency outer. This indicates how many times a
defect in the outer race of the bearing will be passed over by a ball or
roller during one shaft revolution.
BPFI: Ball pass frequency inner. This indicates how many times a
defect in the inner race of the bearing will be passed over by a ball or
roller during one shaft revolution.
FTFO: Fundamental train frequency outer. This is the speed at which
the rollers or balls will move around the bearing, relative to the outer
race speed.
FTFI: Fundamental train frequency inner. This is the speed at which
the rollers or balls will move around the bearing, relative to the inner
race speed.
BSF: Ball spin frequency. This indicates how many times an
individual ball or roller will rotate within the races during one shaft
revolution.

• Click the Options button if you want to set the number of

orders and sidebands to display, then click OK.

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 • Click the Close button to close the list.

• Cycle through the fault frequencies on the chart by pressing

F5 (previous frequency) and F6 (next frequency).
These functions are also available by right-clicking the chart and
choosing Fault Frequency Markers>Next (or Previous).
Removing fault frequencies from a chart
• To remove a fault frequency and all its sidebands press
CTRL+F5. Select the fault frequency in the list and click
Delete.
Copying fault frequencies to additional points
• Select a point to display its associated fault frequencies in
the navigator list.

• Right-click the fault frequency and select Copy item to

Clipboard.

• Right-click the point where you want the fault frequency to be

placed and select Paste. (You can also use CTRL+C and
CTRL+V to copy and paste navigator list items to other
levels in the navigator.)

Nudging Fault Frequencies

Bearing fault frequencies can vary slightly depending on wear, axial
load and speed variations. The software lets you ‘nudge’ fault
frequencies on the chart so that you can see if the frequencies would
line up with just a little adjustment.

• When fault frequencies are displayed on the chart, you can

nudge them up to 25% by clicking with the left button on the
fault frequency label (i.e. the bearing part number) and
dragging to the left and right with the mouse.
The keyboard shortcuts SHIFT+F5 and SHIFT+F6 will also nudge
the currently displayed fault frequencies by a small amount.

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 Defining your own Fault Frequencies
You can create user-defined fault frequencies which can then be
displayed on a chart to highlight the frequencies of known problem
sources e.g. electrical line frequency. These do not require you to
add bearings or gears to a point as you will supply the frequency
information yourself. User-defined fault frequencies are associated
with points on a machine in the same manner as regular fault
frequencies (clicking the point will display any existing user-defined
fault frequencies in the navigator list).

• Right-click a point in the navigator tree and select

New>Fault Frequency. (Alternatively you can double-click a
specific peak to snap the cursor to the peak's apex then
press CTRL+M to open the Fault Frequency editor. The
frequency of your selected peak will be displayed in the
'Fundamental Frequency' field.)

• Enter a description for this fault frequency. A text label with

this description will display above your fault frequency
markers when they are plotted on the chart.

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 • Enter the fundamental frequency and optional sideband
frequency if desired (tick the 'Sidebands' box to display this
option). These can be represented either in absolute
frequency (Hz/CPM) or orders.

• If you want this fault frequency to be automatically displayed

when one of the selected point's recordings is plotted tick
'Always Visible'. If this option is not selected the fault
frequency will be hidden until you choose to display it by
pressing F5 or F6.

• You can hide overlapping markers of the same harmonic

series by selecting 'Hide when markers overlap'. This will
avoid clustering too many markers close together on charts.
(You can find these hidden fault frequencies and any bearing
or gear fault frequencies by stepping forward (F6) or
backward (F5).)

• Select a marker with the mouse or accept the highlighted

default, then click OK. The marker and text description label
will sit above both the fundamental fault frequency and any
orders/harmonics.
Sidebands are displayed as arrows the same color as your fault
frequency marker. We recommend you use different colors for each
fault frequency so that sidebands can be easily identified.
The fault frequencies you create can be displayed on a chart, listed,
and nudged in the same way as the system-defined fault
frequencies.
Adding/Editing/Deleting fault frequencies
• To open a list of all fault frequencies (both user and
system-defined) on your displayed chart right-click and
select Fault Frequency Markers>List (or press CTRL+F5).
Use the Edit and Delete buttons to change/remove fault
frequencies and Add to create additional ones.

• To edit a fault frequency directly on the chart double-click the

fault frequency's text label.
Note: Only user-defined fault frequencies can be edited or deleted;
system defined bearing and gear fault frequencies cannot be altered.

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 Setting and Displaying Baselines
A baseline recording is a vibration measurement taken on a machine
which is considered to be in good condition. The baseline is used as
a comparison recording with which to observe changes in the
vibration patterns.

• Right-click a recording in the navigator list and choose Set

Baseline. This will make the recording a ‘baseline
recording’.

• To include this baseline RMS value on a chart, right-click the

chart and select Include Baseline.
When you close the chart you will be prompted to save changes.

• If you want to include baselines on this type of chart

automatically in the future, click Yes.
If you select this option the chart will always attempt to load the latest
baseline recording, even if the plot limit (the number of recordings
that may be displayed) has already been satisfied. If you have set a
plot limit of 6, then there may be 7 recordings on the chart if the
baseline was not one of the 6 most recent recordings.
When you open a trend chart and plot the spectrum overalls, a red
circular marker will appear around the baseline recording's data point
so that the baseline can be easily identified.

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 Displaying baseline RMS values on the vb instrument
When taking recordings on the instrument you can display the RMS
value of the baseline recording so that it can be compared with the
measurement you have just taken. See Baseline Recordings (page
205) for more information.

Waveform Analysis
Note: This feature will only be available to you if it is included as part
of your license agreement. If you wish to enable this feature please
contact [email protected] or your distributor for more
information.
The Ascent software contains some special tools for viewing and
analyzing time domain data.

• Select a time domain (waveform) recording in the navigator

list.

• From the main menu, select Analyze>Partial Waveform

Analysis.
The new chart that opens will display the waveform and an empty
chart below it. Partial Waveform Analysis is a tool that lets you
select a portion of the waveform and convert it into a spectrum.

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 • Press and hold the CTRL key then click and hold down the
mouse button as you drag the mouse to either side. A green
line will follow the mouse, showing you how much of the
waveform you have selected.

• Release the mouse and the spectrum will appear in the

bottom chart. Repeat the process to zoom in on different
areas of the waveform.
The spectral peaks will appear rounded if you have only selected a
small amount of data. This is because the resolution of the spectrum
is proportional to the number of samples selected in the time domain.
You can zoom and pan both charts and right-click to display a
shortcut menu where you can choose different chart display options.
The menu option Analyze>Freq Based Waveform Analysis plots a
spectrum of the time domain data. Use the mouse to select a range
of frequencies in the spectrum. The software will take these
frequencies and display them as a waveform in the bottom chart.

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 Waveform Audio Playback
Note: This feature will only be available to you if it is included as part
of your license agreement. If you wish to enable this feature please
contact [email protected] or your distributor for more
information.
Your computer must be equipped with a sound card and an
appropriate playback device (headphones or speakers) to use this
feature.

• Click a schedule entry containing a recording in the

navigator tree. The navigator list will display the recordings
that belong to this schedule entry.

• Double-click a time domain recording (indicated by the

triangle and date/time stamp).

• Right-click the waveform chart and select Audio>Play

Waveform to hear the waveform recording. Select Export
Waveform to save the audio file (.WAV format) to your PC.

Converting Waveforms to Spectra

The Ascent software can automatically convert a waveform to a
spectrum by changing the chart axis from time to frequency.

• With a waveform displayed, right-click the chart and select

Bottom Axis>Frequency.
You can control the parameters used to calculate the FFT (e.g.
number of averages, overlap percentage and type of window to use.

• To see the full list of commands, from the main menu choose
Options>Automatic FFT Options.

• Once you have made changes, if you have already plotted

the spectrum, double-click the recording again in the
navigator list to re-plot the spectrum using your new settings.

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 Note: You can set alarm bands and envelopes on waveform data
and the software will automatically perform the FFT to check the
alarm. This is not, however, recommended as an FFT generated
from a single waveform inherently has either less averaging or less
resolution than a complete, averaged FFT. Processing times may
also be long when dealing with significant quantities of data or if
using an older or slower computer.

Long Time Waveforms

Note: This feature is only available in some vbSeries instruments -
please refer to the specifications in your Instrument Reference
Guide.
vbX instruments with this capability can take continuous recordings
over a period of up to 229376 seconds, or 63.7 hours (for a single
channel recording using an Fmax of 1500 CPM/25 Hz). Once these
recordings are transferred, the Ascent software will store them within
a single schedule entry.

Setting Measurement Unit Preferences

You can choose your preferred measurement display units for
spectrum and waveform charts so that all recordings, regardless of
what measurement units were used to record them, will be displayed
in your chosen units. For example, you can choose to display all
velocity recordings in mm/s by setting this preference in the Velocity
Spectrum Amplitude menu. Once this setting has been chosen, all
future velocity measurements will be displayed in mm/s until other
units are selected.
You can set unit preferences for acceleration, velocity, displacement,
current and temperature; overall values for waveforms and spectra
and even specify bearing dimensions in imperial or metric units.
Note: Changing the units does not change recordings stored in the
database, only how they are displayed

• From the main menu select Options>Unit Preferences.

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 • Move the mouse cursor down the list of options to open
sub-menus containing the available units.
Acceleration, velocity, displacement and current 'Spectrum
Amplitude' refer to the left axis scale on spectra charts.
'Waveform Amplitude' refers to the left axis scale used by
waveforms.
'Power Level' refers to spectrum and waveform overall values and
power band alarms.
The overall vibration level displayed on the chart does not need to
use the same units as the left axis. For example, you can scale the
left axis in Ø-peak and the overall in rms.

Switching Between Hz and CPM

• To switch between Hz and CPM, from the main menu select
Options>Unit Preferences>Frequency then select your
preference.

Switching Between Velocity, Acceleration and

Displacement
• Right-click on the chart, choose Left Axis from the shortcut
menu then select your preference.

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 Customizing the Scale of Charts
Left and bottom axis scaling
The left axis of a chart will scale automatically to accommodate the
highest peak. The truncated diagrams below show how auto-scaling
affects your chart display. The vibration level at this location
increased each time recordings were taken so the top value of the
left axis scale has gone from 0.22 mm/s to 0.3 mm/s to 3.5 mm/s to
fit the data.

Left axis auto-scaling

You can customize the default scaling of charts in several ways.

• To access these options choose Options>Auto-Scaling.

Ignore Hz Below
Enter a value in Hz below which data on spectra will be ignored for
auto-scaling purposes. This will force the chart to enlarge lower
amplitude peaks and is particularly useful for recordings with large
'ski-slopes', such as displacement recordings or recordings that have
been converted from acceleration to velocity or displacement. The
default value is 4 Hz (recommended).

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 Original chart

Same chart with Ignore Hz Below (350) applied

Y-Margin Percentage
Enter a percentage value of extra space that will be left above and
below plots.

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 Chart with 5% Y-margin (left) and the same chart with no margin (right)

Note: These settings are saved and apply globally to all charts.
You can force your charts to temporarily use a fixed axis scale by
setting minimum and maximum values for the left and bottom axes.
The fixed axis setting will be applied to all recording plots that use
this chart type until you close the chart or exit the software.

• To set left axis scaling, right-click the chart area and select
Chart Display>Left Axis Minimum (or Maximum).

• Enter a value then click OK. The units used will be the same
as those specified for the chart i.e. if your chart uses mm/s,
entering a minimum value of 0 and a maximum of 5 will set
the chart scale to start at 0 mm/s and finish at 5 mm/s.
Notes:
Bottom axis scaling options are available from the same menu and
are set in the same way.
The left and bottom axis settings will override the 'Ignore Hz Below'
and 'Y-Margin Percentage' settings.
Setting a fixed axis scale permanently
Left and bottom axis scaling can be permanently set for any type of
chart (including all those available from the Chart button drop-down
list). This change will be applied globally to all charts of this type.

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 • To permanently set a fixed axis scale, set the values as
described previously, then select View>Save from the main
menu. This will save your changes.
Removing fixed axis scaling (re-setting auto-scaling)
• Right-click the chart area and select Chart Display>Left
Axis Minimum (or Maximum).

• Delete the value from this field to turn auto-scaling back on.
This procedure will temporarily restore auto-scaling if you have
permanently fixed the axis scale.

• To remove a fixed axis scale permanently, follow the steps

above then select View>Save from the main menu.

Using Views
A view is a customized report or chart that lets you define your own
ways of browsing the data in the database i.e. what data is plotted
and how it is displayed.

• To see the full list of pre-defined report views, click Report.

• To see the full list of pre-defined chart views, click Chart.

Note: The views shown here may differ from those on your PC as
the software will only display features you are licensed to use.

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 Note: You can also choose a view by using the shortcut keys, such
as F2, as shown on the right-side of the menu.
Acceleration Spectrum in dB and Linear displays both adB (or
vdB for velocity recordings) and linear spectrum charts of the
selected recording(s).
Bode Plot displays two charts, one showing how amplitude varies
with frequency and the other showing how phase varies with
frequency. See Bode Plots (page 137) for more information.
HVA Spec displays three separate spectrum charts showing the last
recorded horizontal, vertical and axial measurements of the currently
selected point
Multi-Spectrum displays a stacked spectrum chart of the latest
recordings at the selected item e.g. the latest recordings for each
location on a selected point or all the latest recordings on a selected
machine. If a location has more than one schedule entry, the newest
recording from the mostly recently recorded schedule entry will be
shown.

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 Orbit displays the physical path traveled by a shaft within a bearing.
For information on collecting data to produce orbit plots see Orbit
Plots (page 135).
SpecStack displays a stacked chart of the four most recent
recordings at the selected schedule entry
SpecTrend displays a spectrum of the currently selected recording
and a trend of overall values for all recordings taken at that schedule
entry. To display a spectrum, you must have either a recording or
schedule entry selected.
Spectrum displays a spectrum of the selected recording.
Top 10 peaks displays the amplitude values of the 10 highest peaks
in a spectrum and lists the frequencies they occurred at.
Trend displays a trend chart of overall vibration levels for a series of
recordings associated with the currently selected
machine/point/location/schedule entry.
Vel+Demod displays four separate charts showing all recordings at
the selected location . The charts displayed are: waterfall,
spectrum, trend and demodulation (if a demodulation measurement
has been taken - otherwise this section of the chart will be empty).
Waterfall displays a waterfall chart of all recordings at a selected
schedule entry.
Waveform displays a waveform of the selected time domain
recording.
Multiple recordings can be displayed simultaneously for easy
comparison. For example, the HVA Spec view plots the most recent
horizontal, vertical and axial measurements of the currently selected
point and displays them simultaneously in three separate charts.
Selecting another point in the navigator tree will apply the view to
that point and update the chart display.

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 HVA Spec view

Highlighting and color coding are used to make each view as

informative as possible. For example, when a chart is displaying
multiple recordings, the currently selected recording is highlighted in
the navigator list and also shown on the chart in a different color from
other recordings to make identification easier.
Views such as SpecTrend or Vel+Demod display several types of
chart together on one screen, enabling you to view an individual
recording in different ways and also see how it compares with other
recordings in a trend or waterfall chart.

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 Vel+Demod view

With any view displayed, when you select a different recording in the
navigator list, the view will update to display that recording. In the
previous Vel+Demod example, the spectrum and demodulation
charts on the right will update to display new spectra while the
waterfall and trend charts will highlight the individual recording using
coloring and cursors.
You can create your own customized charts and reports to display
data however you wish. Once you have created a new view it will be
added to the list under the Chart button and can be selected like any
other view. See Walk-through: Creating your own Views (page 274),
for more information.

How Views Work

Views are sensitive to the selection in the navigator and will plot data
from the currently selected machine/point/location. For example, if
you select a Trend view, clicking a machine in the navigator tree will
trend overall vibration levels of recordings for all locations on that
machine. Clicking a point will trend the recordings for all locations on
that point and so on.

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 A view will only display data if the view's data type matches the
selected recording(s) e.g. to display a waveform you must select a
time domain recording; to display a trend chart you must select
multiple recordings (or an item that contains several recordings such
as a point).

• To stop the chart from automatically showing whatever is

selected in the navigator tree, click the Hold button.

• To display more than one recording on a chart, click Hold

then use the Add button or double-click recordings to add
them to the display. You can select multiple recordings
simultaneously by clicking and dragging round them with the
mouse. See Selecting Multiple Items on page 60, for more
information).
You can have multiple views open at the same time. If you select a
different view without closing the previous one, the new view will
open over the top of the old view. Labeled tabs will appear at the
edge of the chart to indicate which views are open.

• Click the tabs to toggle which view is displayed.

Turning an On-screen View into a Picture

Printing a view is one way of creating a paper copy but you can also
save any view as a Word document so that you it can be annotated
before printing. Views can also be saved as image files then inserted
into a graphics program for further manipulation. Once the data has
been saved in electronic format it can be e-mailed offsite.

• To open a Word document containing a picture of the view

that is currently open, click Word on the toolbar. You can
now resize the picture and add captions or other explanatory
text. Add additional views to the document by creating more
Word files to cut and paste from, or copy more views directly
from the clipboard (see below).

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 • Copy the current view to the clipboard by selecting
View>Copy to Clipboard from the main menu. This picture
can then be pasted into a suitable text editor or other
program.

• If a view is made up of several charts e.g. the four-chart

Vel+Demod view, you can copy an individual chart to the
clipboard by right-clicking it and selecting Copy to
Clipboard.

• To save a chart as an image file, right-click the chart and

select Save Chart to File. You can then select the type of
file to save as (jpeg, gif, bmp, emf or wmf).

Trending Data
While it may be possible to get a good indication of the presence of
certain defects from a single measurement, it is more common
practice to watch for changes in the measurements over time. To do
this you trend a series of recordings and measure the changes in
overall levels.
The following trend chart was created by selecting a point with two
measurement locations. Each plot line shows a trend of the overall
vibration level at one of the locations.

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 The software can plot a trend chart of overall levels for any of the
following:
• All recordings on a machine
• All recordings on a point
• All recordings at a location
• All recordings taken for a schedule entry

• Click any item in the navigator tree to select it then click the
Chart button on the toolbar and choose Trend from the
drop-down list.

The trend lines that are shown on the chart depend on two things:
• The Trend Types selected (spectrum overalls, alarm band
levels etc). Right-click the chart and select Data Types to
see the full list.
• The amplitude units selected for the left axis (only trend data
that is compatible with the amplitude units on the left axis
can be shown e.g. you cannot trend velocity data with the left
axis set to acceleration).

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 When left axis units are set to Default, the software will try to pick the
best units for the left axis. Any trend data that cannot be shown
because the left axis units are incompatible with the data will have
'Not shown - click here to view' written in the legend.
Note: Trending of alarms is discussed in more detail with chart
examples in Trending Band Alarms (page 160), and Trending
Envelope Alarms (page 171).

• To choose the data types the trend chart can display,

right-click the chart and select Data Types, then tick or
un-tick options from the Data Types panel.

• Right-click the chart and select Set History Count or Date

Range (All Dates) if you wish to filter by date or count.

• To select a different amplitude scale for the left axis,

right-click the chart and select Left Axis, then choose one of
the options from the sub-menu. These options change
according to the amplitude type of the recordings (velocity,
acceleration, displacement). Demodulation will appear as
acceleration.
The bottom axis of a chart can be displayed in time/date format or
'Index' (data points are plotted against a numbered, evenly-spaced
axis). For most charts, time/date provides the most meaningful
information as we are normally concerned with how the vibration
looks/changes over time. However, in certain situations the 'Index'
axis is more appropriate as it allows you to compare trends of
recordings taken at different times. The example charts that follow
show data trends from two schedule entries (see diagram).

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 The first schedule entry contains recordings taken of a machine with
a fault condition. The second schedule entry contains recordings of
the same machine after the fault was repaired. These two schedule
entries were then plotted on a trend chart to compare the before and
after vibration levels. The first chart, using the time/date axis, puts a
large gap between the two trends because the recordings are taken
at different times.

Bottom axis set to date/time

The second chart, using the 'Index' axis, ignores the

time/date-stamps and plots the recordings as a numbered series,
making it easier to compare the levels of the two trends.

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 Bottom axis set to index

Using cursors with trend charts

When the cursor is placed over a recording plot line on a trend chart,
the amplitude of the cursor position is described on the top-right of
the chart. Any notes that are assigned to that recording will be listed
below the cursor readout.

Trend chart of alarm levels showing cursor readout at top-right

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 The recordings in the navigator list are linked to the chart cursor.
Selecting a recording in the navigator list will place a cursor
corresponding to that recording on the trend chart. The reverse is
also true - clicking a data point on the trend chart will highlight that
recording in the navigator list (you will need to double-click the data
point if no recording is currently highlighted).
Once a cursor has been placed on a chart, double-clicking a data
point will open the default view (waveform or spectrum) of the
recording under the cursor.
If a recording has been set as baseline, a red circular marker will
appear around its data point when a spectrum overall trend is
plotted.

Single Frequency Trending

A single frequency trend plot is used to trend changes in vibration
amplitude or phase at a particular frequency. For this type of chart it
can help to use recordings taken with a tachometer and display the
bottom axis in orders. This is so that speed variations will be
compensated for if you are looking at a frequency that is relative to
running speed.
The following diagram shows a single frequency trend chart created
from a waterfall chart with four velocity recordings plotted.

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 Note: The double headed arrow has been added to the diagram to
indicate the frequency being trended (Hz value shown at top) and the
actual line drawn across the frequency of interest.

• To plot a single frequency trend chart, first select the

schedule entry that contains the recordings you wish to
trend.

• Click the Chart button on the toolbar then select Waterfall

from the list.

• Right-click the chart and select Cursor Trend>Visible.

• Move the cursor over the frequency of interest and left-click

to place it on the chart. The chart of trended amplitude
values will appear to the right of the original chart.

• Use the left and right keyboard arrow keys to move the
cursor to different frequencies along the spectrum (the
frequency and amplitude value are displayed at the top of
the chart). The trend chart will update accordingly.

• To remove the trend chart, right-click on it and select

Visible.
Other items on the sub-menu give you different options for displaying
information contained in the trend chart.
Display Size
Selecting this option opens a dialog box where you can enter the
display size for the trend chart. To make the trend chart fill half the
chart area, enter 50 for the percentage value.
Amplitude
Creates a trend chart of amplitude values at a specified frequency
(see previous chart diagram). This is the default action.
Phase
Creates a 'bode plot' style chart of trended phase values at a
specified frequency. Recordings must be taken with a tachometer to
gather phase information.

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 Estimate True Peaks
When using the Hanning window with FFT data, the phase values of
frequency bins around a peak can vary by up to 180 degrees.
Estimate True Peaks counteracts this effect by calculating the true
peak amplitude and phase.
Phase Zero Centered
If this option is ticked the vertical axis will use 0° phase as its
mid-point. Otherwise the center will be 180° phase.
Note: The next three options relate to the horizontal axis display -
you may need to increase the trend chart display size to show all
frequency values.
Versus RPM
The horizontal axis will use RPM.
Versus Time
The timestamp of each recording is used to determine its position
along the horizontal axis.
Versus Index
Recordings are evenly spaced along the horizontal axis (see
previous topic for diagrams).
Cursor Width
Frequencies will vary slightly with each recording session. To
counteract this variance, enter a value that determines how far the
software will look either side of the actual cursor position for a peak.
The default cursor width of 5 Hz is usually appropriate.
Other
This lets you access the main chart display options i.e. this is the
same menu that you will see if you right-click on the waterfall chart.

Orbit Plots
Note: This feature is only available in Ascent Level 2 software and
higher.
An orbit plot shows the motion of the center of mass of a shaft. By
plotting a shaft's simultaneous vertical and horizontal vibration you
get a trace of the motion of that shaft.

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 A perfectly balanced shaft with no movement in any direction would
produce a dot in the middle of the plot. The shaft movement will give
you an indication of its cause e.g. if there is a lot of up/down
movement it may be that the machine feet are not bolted down tightly
enough.
To create an orbit plot you need to take a dual channel simultaneous
measurement to capture data at the horizontal and vertical axes at
the same time. The displacement sensors must be placed 90° apart
from each other.

• Set up identical schedule entries at the horizontal and

vertical axes with the following parameters:
Domain Time Displacement
No. of Samples 1024 (recommended)
Duration 4-6 revolutions (recommended)

• If a tachometer is connected you can enable 'Read RPM

from Tach' but you must ensure that 'Number of averages' is
set to 1, otherwise much of the signal will be averaged out.

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 • Click the 'Channel/Sensor' tab and select a displacement
probe then click OK to close the window.
The sensors used to take the measurements should be displacement
probes as we are measuring the physical movement of the shaft, not
its speed. (You can take the readings with an accelerometer if no
displacement probes are available but there will be a small loss of
accuracy in the displayed plot when the signals are integrated.)
The number of samples and measurement duration that you choose
determines the resolution and length of the orbit recording. We
suggest 1024 samples and a duration that covers 4-6 revolutions of
the machine being tested. For example, an 890 RPM system (14.8
Hz) has 1 revolution every 67 milliseconds (6 x 67ms = 402 ms).
Choose 400 ms for the duration and you will just capture 6
revolutions of the machine.
Instructions for taking dual channel simultaneous measurements can
be found in the other Reference Guide supplied with your kit.
Creating the orbit plot
• Once the recordings have been received into the software,
select a recording from either location and choose
Chart>Orbit (the recording at the other location is
automatically selected for plotting when you choose the orbit
plot option).

Bode Plots
Note: This feature will only be available to you if it is included as part
of your license agreement. If you wish to enable this feature please
contact [email protected] or your distributor for more
information.
Bode plots allow you to identify and confirm the presence of
resonance in a machine or structure.
A Bode plot is made up of two charts: the top chart shows phase
angle versus machine speed and the bottom chart shows signal
amplitude versus machine speed. Analysis of the plot can determine
at what speed(s) a resonance exists.

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 Setting up the measurements
• Record a series of tachometer triggered spectra e.g. as you
do for a coast-down or run-up test.
The recordings must be taken with a tachometer so that
phase information is available.
The frequency of the tachometer must be below the Fmax of
the recording i.e. 100 Hz Fmax recordings on a 7000 RPM
machine will not plot on the Bode plot because 1X phase
and amplitude is not available.
Creating a Bode plot
• Select the schedule entry that contains the series of spectra.

• Click Chart then select Bode Plot.

The software performs a peak search at the 1X frequency on every
spectrum, extracting the peak frequency, amplitude and phase. All of
these amplitude and phase values are then plotted against the
frequency.

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 Changing the size of a plot
• Place the cursor over the grey dividing line between the two
charts until it changes to an up/down arrow then hold down
the left mouse button and drag up or down.

Analyzing a Bode Plot

The bottom chart left axis shows the amplitude of the 1X for all the
speeds of the machine. If you have a peak in the bottom chart this
could be a resonance that is being excited by the running speed
when the machine is operating at that frequency.
The top chart shows the phase of the corresponding peak. You
should see a 180° change in phase across a resonance.
Selecting different harmonics
You can select different harmonics to analyze e.g. choose the 2X
harmonic to see an analysis of the 2X vibration across all the
recordings. If you have strong forcing vibrations at 2X (or 3X etc) this
could also help identify resonance as the 2X vibration goes through
the resonant frequencies.

• Right-click the chart and choose Select Harmonic to

Extract (1X).

• In the window that appears, enter the required harmonic to

extract then click OK.
Note: When the harmonic is not 1X, the frequency on the bottom
axis is the frequency of the peak being analyzed, matching the Hz
(or CPM) value of the display on the top right (i.e. 2X the running
speed). The RPM value of the cursor readout is always the RPM of
the measurement from which the amplitude/phase/frequency was
extracted.
Phase Zero Centered
If this option is ticked the vertical axis will use 0° phase as its
mid-point. Otherwise the center will be 180° phase.
Cursor Width
Determines the width of the peak searches performed on the original
spectra during creation of the bode plot.

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 Using cursors
Clicking on any peak will display its amplitude, phase and frequency
plus the RPM of the recording it was extracted from. The readout is
displayed at the top right of the chart.
Zooming
Zooming is linked so that the bottom axis (Hz/CPM) stays
synchronized with the top chart axis.

Printing Charts and Reports

• To print the chart or report that is currently displayed, click
the Print button on the toolbar.

Note: Nothing will be sent to the printer immediately.

This will open the Print window. From here you can make changes to
the way your printouts look.

Scheme: choose the color scheme to use for the printout. This
option allows you to view your on-screen charts in color but print
them in black and white using different line styles to differentiate
between the plots.
Page numbers: select the position of page numbers on the printout.
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 Fit charts to page: choose this option to make charts fill up the
entire page. If this is not selected, charts will retain the aspect ratio
that they have on the screen.
Margins: adjust the amount of space to be left between charts and
the edge of the paper.
Portrait or landscape: selects the orientation of the printout.
Effective Page Width in Pixels: allows you to control the effective
resolution of the printout. If you are finding that text is generally too
big in printouts, increase this number. If you find that text is generally
too small and hard to read in printouts, decrease this number.
Setup Printer: change your printer settings e.g. select the printer,
choose what paper size to use etc.
Export to Word: opens a Word document containing the currently
displayed chart or report. The Word image will use the color scheme
you specify in the Print window. This document can then be saved
and e-mailed offsite.
If you change any settings, you can click Save as Default to make
them the default settings from that point on.
The Black and White scheme is chosen for printouts by default. If
you have a color printer you may want to change this to Color to use
color for the plot lines. Click Save as Default to save any changes.

• Click the Preview button to see what the printout will look
like.

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 • Click Print to send the print job to the printer or Cancel to
return to the chart.

Schemes
Schemes define the colors, line styles and fonts used on charts and
reports. There are three factory default schemes to choose from; you
can change these or create your own.
Color: White background with color text and lines. This is provided
as an alternative to the High Contrast scheme.

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 High Contrast: Black background with colored lines and text.

Black and White: This scheme is purely black and white and is
intended for use when printing charts on a black and white printer.

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 Changing Colors for Printer and Screen
Your on-screen charts and printed outputs can be customized to suit
your requirements. Text labels can be increased or decreased in size
to make them more visible and colors can be changed to highlight
areas of interest. Feel free to experiment by editing the factory
defaults - they can be quickly reset if you don't like the look of your
changes.

• To change or edit a color scheme, from the main menu

choose Options>Edit/Change Scheme. This will open the
Schemes window.

• Change the current scheme by selecting a different one from

the drop-down box at the top of the Schemes window.

• Create new schemes or rename the default ones by clicking

the > button at the top-right of the window.

When creating a new scheme you will be asked to give it a name.

This new scheme will appear in the drop-down box and can be
applied to your charts. You can then choose the chart background
and plot colors for your new scheme.

• To change a plot color, double-click it in the Schemes

window to open the Pen Editor.

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 • Click the Color button and select a color from the Color
window then click OK.

• Use the other controls on the Pen Editor to change the line
styles and widths of the plots e.g. click the 'Style' drop-down
box to choose a different line style.

• To make the on-screen text larger or smaller, double-click a

text label in the Schemes window. Use the settings in the
Font window to resize text, make it bold or italicized, choose
a different size and color, or even choose a different font.

To restore the default schemes

• From the main menu, choose Options>Reset
Scheme/Color Defaults to restore the factory default
settings for the Color, High Contrast, and Black and White
schemes.

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 Changing Chart Plot Line Styles
The Pen Array Editor is used to edit to plot line colors, styles and
widths used on multi-line graphs.

Edit or Delete an Existing Pen

To edit the size, color or appearance of an existing plot line pen:

• Click the pen in the left-hand column.

• Change the color, style (solid, dotted, dashed etc.) or width

values in the right-hand panel. Changes made will be
previewed in the left-hand column.

• Click the OK button and the changes will be saved. The

graph plot's appearance will be updated automatically on any
graphs currently being displayed.
To delete an existing pen:

• Click the pen in the left-hand column.

• Click the Delete button. The pen will be removed from the
pens list.

Create a New Pen

To create a new plot line pen:

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 • Click an existing pen in the left-hand column.

• Change the line color, style (solid, dotted, dashed etc.) or

width values in the right-hand panel. Changes made will be
previewed in the left-hand column.

• Click the Add button. The new pen will be created at the
bottom of the pens list.

Change the Pen Display Order

To change the rank in which pens are ordered in the pens column,
and therefore the order in which they will be used in graphs:

• Click the number to the left of a pen and hold the left mouse
button. A thick line will appear above the pen you have
selected.

• Drag the line up or down the pens column to a new position.

• Release the mouse button and the pen will be moved to the
new location within the column.

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 Keyboard Shortcut Keys

General
F11 Toggle Full Screen
F9 Receive from vb instrument
ALT+F9 Send to vb instrument
CTRL+SHIFT+S Set shortcut
CTRL+O Open file
Open the online device setup wizard
CTRL+ALT+S
(online systems only)

Navigator
DEL Delete
CTRL+E Edit
CTRL+X Cut
CTRL+C Copy
CTRL+V Paste
CTRL+ALT+R Record now
CTRL+T Tag
F10 Save data and refresh navigator
F12 Generate Exception Report

Chart
CTRL+N Return to Normal view
CTRL+S Toggle Stacked mode
CTRL+W Toggle Waterfall mode
CTRL+F Expand to Full Screen
CTRL+D Open same chart in new window
Removes the selected plot line when
CTRL+Z
multiple plots are displayed on a chart
CTRL+F5 List fault frequencies
SPACE Go to next navigator item

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 Move up/down between plots on charts if
Arrow Keys [up/down] in stacked/waterfall mode. Display next
recording in navigator if in normal mode.
CTRL+SHIFT+C Copy chart to clipboard
CTRL+Y View Orbit
CTRL+B View Bode
CTRL+9 View Waterfall
CTRL+F4 Close
CTRL+F10 View Record details
CTRL+3 View HVA
CTRL+SHIFT+F Save chart to file
F2 View Spectrum
F3 View Waveform
F4 View Trend
F5, F6 Cycle through fault frequencies
F7 View SpecTrend
F8 View Vel. + Demod.

Cursors
ESC Turn off cursors
S Sidebands and orders
O Orders only
N No harmonics
Arrow Keys [left/right] Nudge cursors
CTRL+[left/right] Peak search
SHIFT+[left/right] Move 1 pixel at a time
. Switch between cursors
CTRL+M Mark fault frequency
CTRL+P Jump to peak
CTRL+1 Set RPM to cursor position
CTRL+R Add remark at cursor position

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 Section 5: Using Alarms
Individual alarms can be created for specific schedule entries or you
can create alarm templates which allow you to apply the same alarm
to multiple machines.
Using alarm templates makes it easier to manage your alarms as
any change to the template will update every alarm that uses that
template. For example, you could modify a template's alarm
threshold or create additional thresholds within a band or envelope -
this would in turn update the thresholds of all alarms associated with
that template.
The software gives you the ability to manage alarms individually or
as a group. Alarms that have been created from a template can still
be edited individually without affecting the template.
Note: Some of the options shown on menus and forms will only be
available if they are included as part of your license agreement.
These options will be hidden or grayed out for users who are not
licensed to use them. If you wish to license a new feature please
contact [email protected] or your distributor for more
information.

Checking Alarm Status

The alarm status of machines, points etc is shown in the navigator
tree using color highlighting.

The option Screen>Show Navigator Status Labels on the main

menu controls whether text labels of the status are shown as well
(see the <Danger> and <Warning> labels on the diagram).

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 Alarm status coloring is hierarchical, meaning that an item in the
navigator tree, such as a machine, will take on the color of the
highest alarm level attained by one of its sub-elements. The example
diagram shows a machine with three schedule entries, all of which
have recordings that have triggered alarms. The dark red <Danger>
alarm is a higher level alarm than <Warning> so the machine is
colored dark red.
Alarm color status allows you to identify at a glance, which schedule
entry has set off the <Danger> alarm. Alarm status is always
determined by the most recent recording at the schedule entry -
historical recordings do not affect alarm status.
To check alarms automatically when new recordings are
received from the instrument
• From the main menu, choose Alarms>Check Alarms after
Receive.
If you turn this option off (by repeating the above process) you can
check the alarm status of new recordings at a time of your choosing.

• To check the alarm status of new recordings, choose

Alarms>Check all New Measurements for Alarms.
Note: The software automatically re-checks the alarm status of
recordings when an alarm threshold is edited or when you make
changes to your data that may alter the alarm status (such as
changing the RPM values of recordings).

Band Alarms
Band alarms can be either peak or power based and cover a limited
range of frequencies as specified by you. When you click on a
schedule entry, the navigator list will display all the alarms
associated with that schedule entry.

Peak band alarms will detect when a peak on a spectrum goes

above a certain value.

Power band alarms measure the overall RMS within a band of

frequencies and compare that against a threshold value.

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 Alarm status is always determined by the most recent recording at
the schedule entry. When a recording triggers an alarm (by
exceeding the alarm threshold), the alarm icon will change color to
indicate the alarm status (Warning, Alert, Danger etc).
Band alarms are grouped together by the range of frequencies they
cover. One band can contain different alarm thresholds for different
alarm levels e.g. Warning at 2 mm/s, Alert at 4 mm/s, Danger at 6
mm/s.

Peak Band Alarms

A peak band alarm defines a maximum threshold for any peak on a
spectrum between two specific frequencies. For example, the
following chart has four peak band alarms (indicated here with
arrows) placed to raise an alarm if any large amplitude peaks
develop between the running speed harmonics on the machine.

Power Band Alarms

A Power Band alarm defines a maximum threshold for the overall
amount of vibration between two frequencies on a spectrum.
Another way to describe it would be a 'limited frequency range
overall alarm'. Power band alarms are displayed at the top of a
spectrum as dotted rectangles.

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 The frequency range covered by the alarm is indicated by the
horizontal length and position of the rectangle. The alarm thresholds
are indicated using colored lines across the alarm display region.
The current power level (overall RMS level) within that band of
frequencies is indicated using a bar that rises from the bottom of the
alarm display region. When the power level within that band goes
through an alarm threshold, the bar will change color to match the
color chosen for that threshold e.g. red for Danger.
Note: The measurement units for the alarm display area can be
different from those used on the chart (see left axes of previous
diagram). For example, if the chart is plotted in acceleration and
uses m/s/s for the left axis, you can use any acceleration units for the
alarm display area such as g or cm/s/s. The spectrum overall value
displayed to the bottom right of the band alarm will always use the
same measurement units as the band (because they both measure
power levels).

Drawing Individual Band Alarms on a Chart

Peak and power band alarms can be 'drawn' directly onto a chart
using the mouse. This method lets you identify frequencies of
interest on a vibration chart and add the bands directly above them.

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 • The band alarm will be drawn from left-to-right. To add a
single band alarm manually, right-click on the chart at the
exact frequency where you want the alarm to begin, and
choose Alarm Bands>Add.

• Now move your mouse to the right. A new band will appear
and it will follow the mouse until you left-click again on the
chart to place it.

A peak alarm icon will now appear in the navigator list displaying the
frequency range covered by this alarm. This default 'name' can be
changed to something more meaningful if you require (editing of
band alarm names, frequency ranges and amplitudes is described
shortly).

Note: The band alarm will be configured to match the current chart
display. This means that if the chart bottom axis is expressed in
orders, the band alarm will have its start and stop frequencies
defined in orders.
You can use the mouse cursor to manually adjust peak band alarms
on the chart.
To change the alarm threshold
• Move the cursor over the top of the band until it changes to
an up/down arrow then hold down the left mouse button and
drag the alarm threshold up or down. Alternatively, use the
Band Alarm Editor to enter precise threshold values (see
Editing Individual Band Alarms on page 155).

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 To change the start or stop frequency
• Move the cursor over the left or right hand edge of the band
until it changes to a left/right arrow and then hold down the
left mouse button and drag the alarm to change the start or
stop frequency. Alternatively, use the Band Alarm Editor to
enter the new frequency values (see next topic).

Creating power band alarms

To create a power band alarm, first create a peak band alarm then
use the Band Alarm Editor to change its properties.

• Create a peak band alarm on the chart (see previous

instructions).

• Right-click on the peak band alarm and choose Edit to open

the Band Alarm Editor.

• Select 'Power' from the drop-down box.

• Edit the thresholds and make any other changes as required.

• Click OK and the band alarm will now appear at the top of
the chart.

Editing Individual Band Alarms

• Right-click the band alarm on a chart (or the alarm's icon in
the navigator list) and choose Edit to open the Band Alarm
Editor. (To display the entire list of alarms on a machine,
select the machine in the navigator and click the toolbar
Alarms button. You can then select an alarm from this list
and click Edit.)

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 Note: The lower Alarm Template section of this screen will be hidden
if you are not licensed to use this feature.
It can be useful to enter a description for the alarm in this window so
that when the alarm is broken this information will be included in the
exception report. For example, when placing a peak band alarm over
the 1X peak on a spectrum, give the alarm the description '1X' so
that if the alarm is exceeded the exception report includes this
information.
Use the fields in the Band Alarm Editor to adjust the frequency
range, change the alarm band from peak to power (or vice versa)
and create additional band alarms above or below the existing one
(use the 'Alarm type' drop-down boxes to choose Alert, Danger etc).
Note: Select an option from the 'Data Type' dropdown box if using
multi-measurement parameter sets such as 6Pack.

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 Selecting the measurement units of the alarm
When you create the alarm, the alarm's measurement units will
default to the same as those used on the chart e.g. if the chart left
axis uses mm/s Ø-peak then the alarm will also use these same
units.
The measurement units for the alarm can be different from those
used for the chart e.g. if the chart is plotted in acceleration and uses
m/s/s for the left axis, you can use any acceleration units for the
alarm such as g or cm/s/s. Choose different units in the editor by
selecting them from the drop-down box.
Note: Alarms will only be displayed if their amplitude units (velocity,
displacement or acceleration) match those used by the chart e.g. if
your alarms are using acceleration units and you change the left axis
scale to velocity or displacement the alarms will not display.

• Right-click an alarm band to access the functions on the

shortcut menu.

To hide or display band alarms

• Right-click the band and choose Visible from the shortcut
menu (clicking it toggles visibility on or off).
To hide or display text descriptions on band alarms
• Right-click the band and choose No Text to hide the band
alarm text. To display the name or the overall power in the
band select Band Descriptions or Band Overalls.

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 To remove a band alarm
• Right-click the band and choose Delete. Alternatively select
the alarm icon in the navigator list and press the Delete key.
To resize the band alarm display area (for power bands)
• Right-click the band and choose Set Size. This allows you to
set a percentage value of the amount of screen area you
would like the alarm band to use. Alternatively, press and
hold down the right mouse button on the power alarm plot
area and drag the mouse up and down.
To re-scale band alarm display area (left axis scale)
• Press and hold down the right mouse button on the band
alarm plot area and drag the mouse left or right. Alternatively
right-click the band alarm and choose Set Power Band
Display Range.

What Happens When a Band Alarm is Exceeded

In the navigator, both the alarm icon and the machine containing that
alarm will change color to show the alarm status (Danger, Warning
etc).
When you plot a spectrum chart, you will see the following:
Peak band alarm
The word 'Exceeded' will appear on the spectrum to indicate where
the alarm has been broken.

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 Exceeded Peak band alarm

Power band alarm

The band alarm will change color to indicate the alarm level (e.g. red
for Danger, yellow for Warning etc).

Exceeded Power band alarm

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 The Exception Report will show the alarm name (or frequency range
if it was unnamed) and the amount the alarm was exceeded by. It will
also show the total amount of power in the band (for power band
alarms) and the amplitude of the highest peak that broke the alarm
(for peak band alarms).

The Alarm Report shows additional information, including the values

of previous measurements and the percentage change from the last
measurement.

Trending Band Alarms

Alarm levels can be trended to help you predict when vibration levels
are approaching, or will exceed, pre-set alarm limits.

• Right-click on a peak or power band alarm in a chart and

select Trend this band to see a trend of the band value
versus threshold for all recordings taken at this schedule
entry. Alternatively you can double-click the alarm band icon
(power , peak ) in the navigator list.
Multiple band alarms can be trended for quick comparison and
analysis. On a single chart you can trend peak and power based
alarms, alarms from different schedule entries (using the Hold and
Add buttons) and even alarms that use different units (mm/s, in/s
etc).

• Select a schedule entry containing some alarms you wish to

trend then click the Chart button on the toolbar and select
Trend from the drop-down list.

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 The software will plot trends of all the alarms at this schedule entry in
the chart display area. The following diagram shows a trend plot of a
schedule entry with seven alarms. The software automatically adds
the spectrum overalls to the bottom of the list as these can also be
trended (double-click the Spectrum Overalls label to plot the data).

Trend lines are color coded so that you can see which alarm they
relate to. If several trend lines use the same color, you can identify a
specific trend by clicking a trend line on the chart, which will highlight
that alarm in the chart legend.

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 Click the Trend Types text in the bottom right-hand corner to select
the trend data types to be displayed.

The alarm thresholds (Warning, Alert, Danger) are indicated by the

colored bars running horizontally across the chart. If a single alarm
trend is displayed, the left axis scale will use vibration units by
default e.g. mm/s rms. If several alarm trends are displayed the left
axis scale will use severity rank instead (see previous diagram).
Severity rank shows how high each band alarm's vibration levels are
relative to its own thresholds. The left axis is scaled from 0-10 and
thresholds are shown using a fixed scale of severity (2 = Warning, 5
= Alert, 8 = Danger) rather than a specific measurement unit such as
mm/s. This allows band alarms that have different thresholds or use
different measurement units to be shown on the same chart.
If you change the left axis amplitude scale to a specific unit e.g.
velocity, then only trends that are compatible with that unit will be
shown.

• To select a different left axis scale, right-click the trend and

select Left Axis then choose one of the options from the
drop-down list. These options change according to the
amplitude type of the recordings (velocity, acceleration,
displacement). Demodulation will appear as acceleration.

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 Power Level: The left axis scale will use vibration units e.g. mm/s
rms. Only power bands and spectrum overalls will be displayed.
Alarm Level: The left axis scale will use severity rank. All alarm
band and envelope trend lines will be displayed.
Spectrum Amplitude: The left axis scale will use vibration units e.g.
mm/s rms. Only peak bands will be displayed.
Default: If one trend is shown, the left axis will use vibration units. If
more than one alarm band or envelope trend is shown, the left axis
will use severity rank.
The following diagram shows the same trend chart after the left axis
scale was set to Velocity Spectrum Amplitude.

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 You will notice that several of the trend plot lines have disappeared.
The trend lines that can be shown on a chart will depend on what
scale is used for the left axis. Because we are now shown Velocity
Spectrum Amplitude i.e. peak band alarms, the Velocity Power Level
alarms (spectrum overall and power band alarms) cannot be shown.

• You can toggle which trend plots are shown by clicking the
'Not shown - click here to view' labels. This changes the
chart's left axis scale to something that ensures the series
you clicked on can be shown.
In our chart example, clicking a 'Not shown' label would change the
axis scale to rms. The spectrum overall and power band alarms
would be displayed while the peak band alarms would disappear.
By default, left axis numbering begins at zero and scales to fit your
data by adding additional space above and below the bottom and
topmost plot lines. You can turn off this option off so that the axis
number scale begins immediately below the bottom plot line (rather
than zero) and finishes just above the topmost plot line.

• To re-scale the left axis numbering, right-click the chart and

select Auto-Scale to fit Alarms.

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 Different kinds of data can be shown or hidden on a trend plot
depending on the trend types you select (spectrum overalls, alarm
band levels etc). These will toggle the trend plots that can be shown
in a similar manner to the Left Axis options.

• To restrict the alarm types the trend chart can display,

right-click the chart and select Data Types then tick or
un-tick options from the data types panel.

For more general information on trending, see Trending Data (page

128).

Envelope Alarms
An envelope alarm is usually based on a reference spectrum that is
ideal or 'normal' for the measurement point. It specifies the maximum
allowable amplitude for each frequency value in a spectrum. If any
part of the spectrum exceeds the envelope threshold an alarm is
raised.

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 Adding Envelope Alarms to a Chart
• Right-click on the chart and choose Alarm Envelopes>Add.

• You will be asked for a severity rating for this alarm.

‘Warning’ is the default. Select an alarm type from the
drop-down box and click OK.

Note: The 'Warning' envelope line is colored yellow by default. If you

find this difficult to see you can change the color later. See Changing
Colors for Printer and Screen (page 144) for more information.
An alarm envelope will be drawn on the chart and the Alarm
Envelope Generator will appear at the top-right of your screen.

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 The 'Vertical' and 'Horizontal' percentage margins define the relative
vertical and horizontal distance between the envelope and the
spectrum.

• Drag the sliders on the Alarm Envelope Generator to change

the envelope margins. The alarm shape will change on the
chart as you make adjustments to the settings.

• Press to access advanced options.

The 'Minimum Margin' adjustments define absolute minimum

amplitude and frequency margins between the envelope and the
selected spectrum.
'# points' defines the resolution of the envelope.
'Start freq' allows you to exclude lower frequencies from the
envelope alarm region (where 'ski slopes' may occur).

• Click OK when you are finished.

Editing Individual Envelope Alarms

• Right-click the envelope plot line to access the functions on
the shortcut menu such as deleting and hiding/displaying the
alarm.

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 To re-adjust the envelope margins
• Right-click the envelope plot line and select Adjust Margin.
This will open the Alarm Envelope Generator (see previous
topic).
To change the alarm level
You can change the envelope alarm level (Danger, Warning etc) and
adjust other properties using the Alarm Envelope Editor.

• To open the editor, right-click the envelope plot line and

select Edit Properties. Alternatively right-click the alarm's
icon in the navigator list and select Edit.

The 'Amplitude Units' and 'Frequency Units' settings cannot be

changed once the alarm has been created. If you want an envelope
that uses different units, delete the envelope and create a new one.
Note: Alarms will only be displayed if their amplitude units (velocity,
displacement or acceleration) match those used by the chart e.g. if
your alarms are using acceleration units and you change the left axis
scale to velocity or displacement the alarms will not display.

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 Manually editing the envelope on a chart
Envelope alarms can also be edited manually by using the mouse to
push sections of the envelope up, down or across.

• To do this, click the envelope plot line to select it. The mouse
cursor will change to a hand indicating that it can be used to
'push' the envelope.

• Click and hold the left mouse button down and drag the
mouse cursor into the envelope plot line to push it.

• Release the mouse button when finished.

If you push the line down too far you can push it up again by moving
the cursor below the envelope plot line and repeating this process.

• Press Enter to save the changes or Esc to discard changes

(the mouse cursor will return to normal).
To add another envelope
• Right-click the envelope plot line and select Add, then follow
the previous instructions for adding an envelope to a chart.
For example, if you have an existing Warning envelope set
at 50% above the reference (ideal) spectrum you can now
add an Alert envelope at 150% above the reference.

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 What Happens When an Envelope Alarm is
Exceeded
The word 'Exceeded' will appear on the spectrum to indicate where
the alarm has been broken.

The Exception Report will show the alarm type and the amount that
the envelope was exceeded by. Note that the envelope may have
been broken in more than one place, but only the highest exceeded
value is shown on the exception report.

The Alarm Report shows additional information, including the values

of previous measurements and the percentage change from the last
measurement.

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 Trending Envelope Alarms
Envelope alarm trends are expressed by their 'percentage of
threshold', which is the greatest 'percentage of alarm level' for any
peak in the measurement. For example, a percentage of threshold of
110% for a measurement means that the peak that exceeded the
alarm envelope the most, did so by 10%.
This example chart shows an envelope plotted against percentage.

The horizontal red line indicates the 100% alarm level of the
envelope (i.e. when a peak touches any part of the envelope). Here
is the same envelope plotted against alarm level.

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 The data is scaled so that the minimum level occurs at '0' severity
rank, the maximum occurs at '10' severity rank and the alarm
crosses the appropriate alarm level line at the point at which the
envelope was exceeded.

Overall RMS Alarms

An overall RMS alarm defines a maximum threshold for the overall
RMS vibration of a measurement. An overall RMS alarm is a special
case of a power band alarm where the start and stop frequencies
encompass the entire measurement.

• To create an overall RMS alarm, create a power band alarm

with a start frequency of 0 Hz and a stop frequency of
1 000 000 Hz. See Adding Band Alarms to a Chart (page
153), for instructions on creating the band and editing the
frequency range.

• Overall RMS alarms appear automatically on trend charts

just like other alarm bands. You can also right-click on the
overall RMS alarm band on a chart and select Trend this
Band.

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 Using More Detailed Alarm Thresholds
Basic Warning, Alert and Danger alarm thresholds are suitable for
most applications. However, additional options are available if you
need them.

Basic alarm thresholds Additional threshold options

• Select Options>Allow Legacy Alarm Types from the main

menu. When you create or edit an alarm these additional
alarm thresholds will now be displayed in the Alarm type
drop-down box. The thresholds can be applied to both
envelope and band alarms.

Creating Alarm Templates

An alarm template such as an ISO standard band alarm is an alarm
that is defined once then re-used many times on different machines.
When you create a template you can use the alarm on many
machines and if you later decide to change the template e.g. to
update an alarm's threshold, this change will be applied to all alarms
that use that template.
You can also modify an individual instance of an alarm without
affecting the template, as editing an alarm removes its association
with the template. This gives you the ability to apply 'general all
purpose' alarms to many machines then customize the individual
alarms later for more fine tuned monitoring of problem machines.
Alarm templates are of most use when you want to use the same
alarm settings on many machines e.g. for monitoring specific fault
frequencies such as a 1X running speed, bearing fault frequencies
etc.

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 Creating Peak and Power Band Templates
• To create an alarm template, select a navigator item that you
wish to apply the alarm to, such as an entire machine, and
click the Alarms button on the toolbar. This opens the Alarm
Wizard that is used to create and manage individual alarms
and alarm templates.

• Click Add then click the 'Alarm Band Frequency Range' tab
and enter the start and stop frequency for this band.

• Click the button at the upper right to open the Alarm

Templates window.

• Now you need to define the settings for this alarm template.
Click Add.

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 • Enter a descriptive name that describes the purpose of this
alarm e.g. Gear Mesh Frequencies.

• Click the 'Thresholds' tab. This is where you define the

threshold unit (acceleration, velocity etc), threshold type
(warning, danger, alert) and threshold amplitude.

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 • Select the threshold units for your alarm from the drop-down
box. For peak bands select 'Spectrum Amplitude'. For power
bands select 'Power Level'.
If the units you require do not appear in the drop-down box
click More then choose a unit from the list and click OK. If
you select a unit that has no abbreviation you will be
prompted to enter one now.

• Next you need to define the threshold amplitude and the

alarm warning level (alert, danger etc). Click Add.

• Select the alarm level from the drop-down box and enter an
amplitude value that, when exceeded, will trigger this alarm.

• Click OK. You can add additional thresholds to this alarm

e.g. to create separate warning, alert and danger levels
within a single band or envelope. To do this click Add again
and define additional thresholds as required.

• Click OK to return to the Alarm Templates window. Your new

alarm template will be highlighted.

• Click Select to apply the template to your machines. The

Alarm Creator window will open and display each schedule
entry at the currently selected navigator item (you may need
to click the 'Applicable Schedule Entries' tab to see this).
Schedule entries whose measurement units match those of
your alarm e.g. velocity, will already be selected.

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 • Tick/untick the boxes as required to select the schedule
entries you wish to have alarms created for then click OK.

• Click OK again then Close to finish.

Creating Envelope Templates

• To create an alarm template, select a navigator item that you
wish to apply the alarm to and click the Alarms button on the
toolbar. This opens the Alarm Wizard that is used to create
and manage individual alarms and alarm templates.

• Click Add then click the button to open the Alarm

Templates window.

• Now you need to define the settings for this alarm template.
Click Add.

• Enter a descriptive name that describes the purpose of this

alarm e.g. Gear Mesh Frequencies then tick the box.

• Click the 'Thresholds' tab. This is where you define the

threshold unit (acceleration, velocity etc), threshold type
(warning, danger, alert) and threshold amplitude.

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 • Select the threshold units for your alarm from the drop-down
box. (The words 'Spectrum Amplitude' and 'Power Level'
refer to band alarms - you can choose either to create your
envelope.)
If the units you require do not appear in the drop-down box
click More then choose a unit from the list and click OK. If
you select a unit that has no abbreviation you will be
prompted to enter one now.

• Next you need to define the threshold amplitude and the

alarm warning level (alert, danger etc). Click Add.

• Select the alarm level from the drop-down box and enter an
amplitude value that, when exceeded, will trigger this alarm.

• Click the 'Envelope Options' tab and specify the width of the
envelope around peaks in the spectrum. You only need to
enter a value into one of the first three fields but can use
more than one if desired. If more than one of these options is
selected, the greatest width determined by these options will
be used at each point (spectral line) in the envelope. Each
width option is explained in detail following the diagram
below.

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 Hz
This specifies a frequency that the envelope will be placed
either side of a peak. For example, a value of 6 Hz will
generate an envelope 3 Hz either side of each peak.
Lines
This specifies the number of spectral lines between the
envelope and each peak in the spectrum. For example, a
value of 10 will generate an envelope 5 lines either side of
each peak. This option is recommended for machines that
run at or near the same speed from one recording to the
next.
Percentage of frequency
This specifies what frequency percentage the envelope will
be placed either side of a peak. For example, a value of 10%
around a peak at 2000 CPM will place the envelope 5%
either side of the peak at 1900 CPM and 2100 CPM. At
higher frequencies on the same spectrum the envelope will
become much wider, for example at 60 000 CPM the
envelope will extend 3000 CPM either side. This option is
recommended for machines that run at variable speeds or
whose RPM varies significantly from one recording to the
next.
Lines (number to ignore)
This specifies the number of spectral lines that will be
ignored at the beginning of the spectrum i.e. the envelope
will be drawn around all frequencies except the first few
lines. This helps to avoid false alarms caused by the ‘ski
slope’ often found at the low frequency end of spectra.

• Click OK. You can add additional thresholds to this alarm

e.g. to create separate warning, alert and danger levels
within a single band or envelope. To do this click Add again
and define additional thresholds as required.

• Click OK to return to the Alarm Templates window. Your new

alarm template will be highlighted.

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 • Click Select to apply the template to your machines. The
Alarm Creator window will open and display each schedule
entry at the currently selected navigator item. Schedule
entries whose measurement units match those of your alarm
e.g. velocity, will already be selected.

• Tick/untick the boxes as required to select the schedule

entries you wish to have alarms created for then click OK.

• Click OK again then Close to finish.

Applying Alarm Templates to Additional

Schedule Entries
After you have initially created and applied your alarm templates at
selected schedule entries, you can apply these alarms to additional
schedule entries at a later time.

• To apply the alarms, select a machine, point or location then

click the Alarms button on the toolbar.

• Click Add then click to open the Alarm Templates

window.

• Click the alarm template you wish to apply to your machine

then click Select.

• The Alarm Creator window will list the schedule entries on

your machine. Tick the schedule entries you wish to apply
the alarm to then click OK twice to apply the alarms.

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 • Click Close to finish.

Modifying Existing Alarm Thresholds Using a

Template
You can change the thresholds of existing alarms (those that were
not created from a template) by applying an alarm template to them.
Updating the thresholds will not change the frequency range of band
alarms or the start frequency of envelope alarms.

• Select the machine containing the alarms you wish to update

then click Alarms. The Alarm Wizard will display all the
alarms at your selected machine. If you have many alarms of
different types and units, filter the alarms displayed using the
drop-down box at the top of the window.

• Select the alarms whose thresholds you wish to update (hold

down the SHIFT or CTRL keys while clicking with the mouse
to select more than one alarm in the list). Click the Template
button or select Templates>Edit template for selected
alarm.

• In the Alarm Templates window select the template you wish

to apply to these alarms then click Select. The Alarm
Summary window will display the new alarm information.

• Click OK then Close to finish.

Editing Alarms Globally

To update an alarm everywhere that it is used you need to modify
the alarm template. Modifying the template automatically changes
every alarm that uses that template.
Note: If you want to change alarm settings for a single instance of an
alarm you will need to edit it individually (see Editing Individual
Alarms on page 182).

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 • Select the folder icon at the top of the navigator then click
Alarms. The Alarm Wizard will display all the alarms at your
selected machine. If you have many alarms of different types
and units, filter the alarms displayed using the drop-down
box at the top of the window.

• From the menu select Templates>Edit all templates.

Alternatively click an alarm in the list that uses your template
and select Templates>Edit template for selected alarm.

• In the Alarm Templates window select a template to modify

then click Edit. Click OK to confirm that you wish to edit this
template.

• Make your changes as necessary then click OK.

• You will be prompted to update any alarms that use this

template. Click OK to confirm.

• Click OK twice then Close to close all windows.

Editing Individual Alarms

Any alarm that is based on a template can still be individually
modified. Editing an individual alarm 'breaks' the relationship
between the alarm and its template; changes to the individual alarm
do not affect the template.
Subsequent changes made to the original template will no longer be
passed onto your alarm. This gives you the ability to apply 'general
all purpose' alarms to many machines using your templates then to
customize the individual alarms later for more fine tuned monitoring
of problem machines.
Note: Changing the frequency range of a band alarm will not break
the relationship between the alarm and its template.
Alarms can be edited by plotting a recording and manipulating the
alarm on the chart (see Editing Individual Band Alarms on page 155
or Editing Individual Envelope Alarms on page 167).

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 If you are editing many alarms it is easier to do this from within the
Alarm Wizard as this displays the full listing of all alarms on each
machine.

• Click Alarms and if necessary use the scroll bars to locate

the alarm you wish to edit.

• Select an alarm with the mouse. From this window's menu

select Alarms>Edit.

• Edit the alarm as required - this will break the alarm's

association with its template.

• Click OK. To edit additional alarms select them and repeat

this process. Click Close when you are finished.

Deleting Alarm Templates and Alarms

Note: You cannot delete an alarm template if it is being used by any
alarms. If you see the following message you will need to delete any
alarms that are using the template before deleting the actual
template (see sub-heading Deleting a template and its associated
alarms).

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 • Click Alarms then select Templates>Edit all templates.

• In the Alarm Templates window select the template you wish

to remove then click Delete (if you see the error message
mentioned previously follow the instructions for deleting a
template and its associated alarms). Click OK to confirm the
deletion.

• Click OK then Close to close all windows.

Deleting a template and its associated alarms
Deleting a template that is still being used by alarms is a two-stage
process: first delete the alarms so that the template is not being
referenced by any other objects then delete the template.

• Close the prompt window if you have not done so already by

clicking OK.

• Click Usage to see which alarms are associated with your

template then click OK when prompted to confirm.

• The Tagged Items window will list all alarms that are
currently using your template. Use the Operations menu or
button and select Delete. Click Yes to confirm.

• Click OK to close the Tagged Items window.

• Select the template you wish to remove then click Delete.

Click OK to confirm the deletion.

• Click OK then Close to finish.

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 Section 6: Using the Bearing
Database
Finding a Bearing Using Quick Search
When you choose to add a bearing to a point, the Bearing Search
window (pictured) gives you a short list of options to choose from. If
the bearing you require is not listed you can look for it in the archive.

• Click Search the Commtest Bearing Archive.

• Select the bearing's manufacturer from the drop-down box

and enter the bearing part number. If you know the
manufacturer's name but not the part number (or vice versa),
enter the information you do know.

• Click Search now.

The bearing archive will be searched and a list of the closest
matches displayed. If you entered only the manufacturer's name or
the part number, the list will show either all known bearings from that
manufacturer or all bearings that match that part number. Scroll
down the list if necessary to locate your bearing.

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 • To choose a bearing, highlight it by left-clicking with the
mouse then click Use selected bearing. This will return you
to the Bearing on Point Editor.

• Enter a name in the description field and click OK to add it to

the selected point. A bearing icon will now appear in the
navigator list whenever this point is selected.

Using Advanced Search

The advanced search option will help you to find the correct bearing
in the archive even if you don't know the manufacturer and part
number. Advanced search uses the information you provide to come
up with a list of bearings that match your criteria.

• Click Search the Commtest Bearing Archive then click

Advanced search.

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 Advanced search presents a range of search options that allow you
to narrow down the archive's list of bearings.

• Click the arrow on the first 'Attribute' drop-down box and

choose an attribute that you know the value of, e.g. if you
know the outer diameter of the bearing you require, select
'Outer diameter'.

• In the 'Search type' drop-down box, choose the option that

will be used to match your information with the archive e.g.
for the 'Outer diameter' option, you might choose 'equals' or
'is greater than' the diameter you specify.

• In the 'Search key' field, type in the information that is known

about the required bearing. For our example, you would now
enter the outer diameter of your required bearing.

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 • If you have other information that will aid the search, enter
this in the lower boxes. Tick 'Match case' if you want the
search to match the lower and upper case letters you typed
in. The more information you provide to narrow down the
search, the shorter the final list of bearings will be.

• Choose whether you want the search to match all or any

criteria you specify then click Search now. The bearing
archive will be searched and a list of the closest matches
displayed.
You can now select a bearing from this list or add more information
and start a fresh search to narrow down the list of possible bearings.

• To clear all information from the screen click Clear search.

• Click Quick search to return to the quick search window.

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 Section 7: Other Functions and
Features
Keypad Schedule Entries
Special 'keypad schedule entries' can be created in the software that
let you define additional machine information to collect e.g. machine
temperature or motor current. When following a route, the user will
be prompted by the instrument to enter this information using the
keypad.
These prompts can also be used as reminders to perform additional
checks e.g. to check the oil level. The person collecting the data can
record whether the check has been carried out by entering a value of
1 for done or Ø for not done.
Note: Keypad schedule entries can only be created in the software.
They cannot be created or edited in the vb instrument.
Folders containing keypad schedule entries will send/receive to the
instrument as normal. When the data has been collected and the
folder is received back into the software, the measurements will
appear as date/time stamped records in the navigator list just as with
spectra and waveforms. The keypad schedule entries will appear in
the navigator tree like a normal schedule entry but are differentiated
by their numeric icon (123).

The collected data values can be trended in the same way as other
recordings using the Trend view. See Trending Data (page 128), for
more information.

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 • To create a keypad schedule entry first activate Build Mode
(click the Build button on the toolbar and click the Manual
Build Mode link).

• Select the [Add Location] placeholder in the navigator tree

where you want the keypad schedule entry to be created.
The location 'Keypad Entry' in the [Add Location] drop-down list is
provided as a suggested location for keypad schedule entries but
they can be placed in any location. In the instrument the 'Keypad
Entry' location will appear in the list of directions/axes when you
select the machine location.

• From the main menu choose Edit>New>Keypad Schedule

Entry. This will open the Keypad Schedule Entry Setup
window.

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 Note: There is a faster way to create keypad schedule entries that
does not require you to activate Build Mode. Instead, right-click a
location and select New>Keypad Schedule Entry. This will open
the window shown in the previous diagram. If you use this method
you will have to use an existing location (rather than the designated
Keypad Entry location) as the placeholders only appear when Build
Mode is activated.

• Enter a prompt that will appear on the instrument (maximum

of 16 characters for vbX000 instruments and 50 for vbX
instruments). This prompt will be preceded by the word
'Enter' when it is displayed on the instrument.

• The units for Temperature -deg C and -deg F can be

selected directly from the 'Units' drop-down box. To select
any other type of unit click More then choose a unit from the
list and click OK. If you select a unit that has no abbreviation
you will be prompted to enter one now.
Note: The abbreviations that you enter are stored in a file called
'units.ini' in the Ascent program folder.

• Set the number of decimal places to use. Note that this will
affect the range of values that can be entered e.g. two
decimal places allows you to enter values from -599.99 to
+599.99; zero decimal places allows you to enter values
from -59999 to +59999. Positive and negative values can be
entered when collecting data with the instrument.

• Enter a default value that will appear on the vb screen

(optional). The person collecting the data will not have to
record this information unless the value changes.

• If you want this data to be recorded as part of a route, tick

the box. The instrument will prompt the user for this data
when they perform any route that includes the measurement
location containing the keypad schedule entry.
Creating your own units
The list of engineering unit types in the unit selection window are
based on the MIMOSA CRIS-v1 standard.

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 • After clicking More to open the Units window, scroll down the
list and select one of the 'User defined unit' slots (towards
the end of the list).

• Click Edit then enter an abbreviation for this unit (maximum

of 16 characters). This abbreviation will be used in the 'Units'
and 'Default value' fields.

• Click OK twice to close the windows and apply your units.

Once defined, this new unit will remain in the list and can be selected
like any of the default ones.

Editing Values After Collection

If the value of a keypad schedule entry has been entered incorrectly
this can be altered after it has been transferred to the Ascent
software.

• To edit the value right-click the recording in the navigator list

and select Edit.

• Change the value as required then click OK.

Attached File Schedule Entries

Attached file schedule entries are similar to keypad schedule entries.
However, rather than entered via a portable instrument, they are
entered directly into the Ascent software. Files of any type including
images, audio files, report documents etc., may also be attached to
this type of schedule entry measurement for later reference and use.
This functionality would be appropriate for attaching files associated
with an oil analysis report to a single location, for example.
Typically the data associated with this function are alarm states.
However, like keypad schedule entries, attached file schedule entries
could also be used to collect measurements such as machine
temperature or motor current, as well as arbitrary user-defined
measurement values.

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 Create an Attached File Schedule Entry
• Right-click a point or location and select New>Attached File
Schedule Entry, or press the Attached File Schedule
Entry button on the creation palette. The 'Attached Files
Schedule Entry' window will open.

Creation Palette Button

Attached File Schedule Entry Window

• Type a schedule entry name into the Description field.

• Select an appropriate operational mode from the radio boxes

available:
Value Entry Mode is used when you wish to manually
enter numeric measurement values, such as RPM or
output current, as a schedule entry recording.
Alarm Mode is used if you wish to manually enter alarm
states (OK, Warning, Alert, Danger, Inoperative) as a
schedule entry recording.

• If you selected Alarm Mode proceed to the next step. If you

selected Value Entry Mode, select a measurement unit from
the dropdown list or click More... to select a standard unit or
to create a user-defined unit. Any previously selected
user-defined or standard units will be listed in the Attached
File Schedule Entry dropdown list.

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 • Click OK. The schedule entry will now be created. The
attached file schedule entry will appear in the navigator tree
and can be identified by its icon ( ).
Notes: attached file schedule entries will not be transferred when a
folder is sent to a portable instrument.
To edit an existing attached file schedule entry, right-click it from the
navigator tree or list and select Edit (or press CTRL + E).

Create an Attached File Measurement

Right-click an Attached File Schedule Entry and select
New>Attached File Measurement. Alternatively, click an Attached
File Schedule Entry and press the Create an attached file
measurement button ( ) from the creation palette. The 'Attached
File Measurement' panel will open. The panel configuration displayed
will vary according to the mode you selected (Value Entry Mode or
Alarm Mode) when creating the schedule entry.

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 Attached File Measurement Panel - Value Entry Mode

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 Attached File Measurement Panel - Alarm Mode

• If entering a value entry, type a numeric value into the

Trended Value text field. If entering an alarm state, select a
state from the Alarm State dropdown list. To manually
change the timestamp of the entry, adjust the Date/Time
fields.

• Click Add if you wish to attach a file to the measurement. A

standard Windows selection window will open allowing you
to select the file(s) to be attached. You may select any file
recognized by the Windows operating system. Any attached
files will be listed in the 'Attached Files' area once selected.

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 Attached Files

• Click OK once you have entered a numeric value or alarm

state, and attached any files you wish to associate with the
entry.
To edit an existing attached file measurement entry, right-click it from
the navigator list and select Edit (or press CTRL + E).
Note: once you have recorded several measurements, they can be
trended using the Ascent software's normal trending tools such as
reports and the 'Trend' chart. See Trending Data (page 128) and
Section 3: Reports.

Managing Attached Files

From the Attached File Measurement Panel you may view, delete or
export files attached to a measurement.

Attached File Management

View a File

• To view a file, select it from the file list and press the View
button. You may also preview a file by double-clicking it.
Delete a File

• To delete a file, select it from the file list and press the
Delete button.
Export a File

• To export a file, select it from the file list and press the
Export button. A Windows file browser panel will open.

• Select the location the file will be extracted to and press OK.

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 Add a file
You may add a new file to any existing attached file schedule entry
measurement.

• Open an existing attached file measurement and press the

Add button.

• Select any files to be added to the measurement and press

Open.

Demodulation
Demodulation is a useful process for extracting very low amplitude,
high frequency signals associated with impulse or impact events.
Demodulation is also useful as an early warning device as it detects
bearing tones before they are visible in a normal spectrum.
The process works by passing the data through filters to eliminate
high amplitude/low frequency data, extracting the ‘envelope’ around
the remaining signal, and displaying the results in a
frequency/acceleration spectrum.

Demodulation Setup
The high frequency signals that demodulation aims to extract are
very localized, therefore extra care must be taken to ensure the
accelerometer is mounted correctly.
Make sure that:
• The accelerometer is mounted close to the vibration source.
• The accelerometer is well coupled, using either stud
mounting or a very strong magnet on bare metal. A handheld
probe or stinger is not recommended.
• The accelerometer mounting is consistent between visits.
The bandwidth determines which range of frequencies the
demodulation process will use. The following procedure can be
followed to determine an appropriate bandwidth.

• Take a measurement using the following parameters:

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 Domain Type: Freq
Quantity: Accel
Fmax value: 20 kHz (1200 kCPM)

• Examine the chart for a region of broadband high frequency

noise or ‘haystack’. Such a haystack might look like the one
below.

• Examine where the haystack begins and ends, and choose a

corresponding Hz (or kCPM) range/bandwidth. For example,
a range of 4 kHz to 20 kHz (240 to 1200) kCPM is best for
the above chart, as most unwanted low frequency noise falls
below 4 kHz (240 kCPM).
It is very important that all the large amplitude/low frequency peaks
are rejected. If there are no significant haystacks displayed, a
standard bandwidth of 2 kHz to 10 kHz (120 to 600) kCPM) is
recommended.
For low-speed machines, the Demod bandwidth lower limit can be
reduced, but keep it at least 100X running speed. e.g. for a machine
which runs at 600rpm (10 Hz), a 1-10 kHz band should be
appropriate.

Analyzing Demodulation Data

Measuring, recording and viewing demodulation data is exactly the
same as for a frequency/acceleration spectrum. The demodulation
spectra can be transferred to the software and analyzed using all the
same techniques which are available for normal spectra e.g. trend
plots, alarms, fault frequencies, bearings and gears.

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 The following are points to keep in mind when analyzing
demodulation data.
• As a bearing deteriorates, the baseline noise level increases
and bearing tones develop running speed sidebands.
• In the final stages of bearing wear, the bearing tones may
become less prominent as cracks and pits become more
rounded and distributed over the race.
• A raised noise floor can often point to a lubrication problem.

Setting/Updating RPMs for Multiple

Recordings
There are a number of ways to control how RPM values are applied
to schedule entries and/or recordings. The range of affected
recordings may be restricted by date range; recordings with RPM
values already set may be ignored; and RPM multipliers can be used
to take account of gearbox ratios and other point variances. (To set
an individual recording's RPM value see Defining the RPM of a
Recording on page 107.)

Defining the RPM Value

You can apply an RPM value directly from the 1X peak of a chart or
type in a value then apply this to your chosen recordings.
First, set your RPM value using one of the following methods then
follow the instructions in the next topic to apply this value.
Note: Regardless of which method you use the RPM value will not
propagate to any recordings until you choose options for where you
want it to be applied (see next topic).
1. Using the 1X peak
This method has the advantage of allowing you to enter an RPM
value without knowing the running speed of your machine. Place a
cursor on the 1X peak and the software will calculate the running
speed for you.

• Open a chart and double-click the first big peak.

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 • Press CTRL+1 to display the value in the Set 1X RPM
window and click Apply to Machine. Go to next topic,
Applying the RPM value.
2. Manually entering an RPM value
This method is of benefit when you already know the RPM value but
want to manually select a date range of recordings to apply this to.

• Select a machine/point/location/schedule entry then choose

Edit>Set RPM from the main menu or select this same
option from the navigator right-click shortcut menu.

• Enter an RPM value in the Set RPM window. Go to next

topic, Applying the RPM value.
3. Manual entry with a pre-determined date range
This method has the advantage of pre-selecting a date range over
which to apply an RPM value. This will be of benefit where you want
to use the same recording date range on other locations at the same
machine.

• In the navigator list, select recordings across your desired

date range. You can multi-select recordings by clicking the
first recording then holding down the SHIFT key and clicking
the last recording.

• Right-click to open the Set 1X RPM window and enter an

RPM value.

• Click Apply to Machine. Go to next topic, Applying the RPM

value.

Applying the RPM Value

You can apply the RPM value to a range of recordings and schedule
entries by choosing the appropriate option(s). The RPM value will be
applied to recordings/schedule entries on your current navigator
selection e.g. if a single point is selected you can only apply the RPM
value to recordings/schedule entries at that point.

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 Set RPM to
This is the RPM value that will be assigned to schedule entries
and/or recordings.
Apply RPM Multiplier at each Point
This will apply a point-level RPM Multiplier to all recordings on the
selected machine points. The Point RPM Multiplier will typically be
used on linear speed machines where the rotational speed may vary
between points. (You can set the RPM Multiplier by right-clicking a
point and selecting Edit.)

Apply to Schedule Entries

This RPM value will be assigned as the default RPM setting for all
schedule entries at your selected locations.
Apply to Recordings
The RPM value will be assigned to all recordings at your selected
locations.
Start Date/End Date:
Use the drop-down boxes to apply the RPM value to all
recordings/schedule entries within your specified date range.

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 Only apply where there is no RPM set already
This will apply your RPM value to all recordings and/or schedule
entries that do not have an RPM value. Recordings/schedule entries
with existing RPM values will not be affected.

Linear Speed Support

On linear speed machines (e.g. a paper machine) the rotational
speed of individual machine components depends on the diameter of
the roller or pulley at each point. If those diameters are entered into
the Ascent software, and you enter the linear speed when the
recordings were taken, the software can calculate the RPM value on
each point.
Some of your measurement locations are likely to be on non-roller
parts of the machine, such as roll drive motors. The software can
calculate the appropriate RPM values for these points provided you
supply the ratio of the motor RPM compared to the roll RPM. For
example if the drive motor gearbox has a reduction ratio of 0.333
(the motor is turning 3 times faster than the roll) enter 3 into the RPM
Multiplier field.
Note: If the diameter for a point is not defined the linear speed setter
will have no effect.

• Right-click a point and select Edit.

• Enter an RPM Multiplier value or leave this field blank if you

don't want to use the multiplier.

• Enter the diameter of the roller or pulley then click OK.

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 • Select the machine for which you want to set the linear
speed then from the main menu choose Edit>Set Linear
Speed. Alternatively you can right-click a machine and select
this option from the shortcut menu.

• Enter the linear speed of the machine and select your

desired units from the drop-down box.

• The other options on this window are fully described in the

previous topic, Applying the RPM Value. Please refer to this
topic to learn how to apply the various settings.

• When you have finished selecting options click OK.

Collecting the RPM Value During

Measuring
If the machine RPM is available at the time of recording, for example
from an installed rev counter or a hand held tachometer, the person
collecting the data can be instructed to enter the RPM via the vb
portable instrument keypad.

• To use this feature right-click a schedule entry and select

Edit.

• Select 'Ask user for RPM when measurement is taken'. The

person collecting the data will be prompted to enter the RPM
value when the measurement is taken.

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 • Enter a value into the 'Default RPM' field. This default value
will display on the instrument screen so that the user can
simply press the instrument's ENTER key to continue.

The entered RPM value is saved with the recording and

automatically transferred to the Ascent software during the next
Receive operation.

You can enable 'Ask user for RPM' on every schedule entry on a
machine; the instrument will not re-prompt the user when new
measurements are collected. Instead the instrument remembers the
RPM value last entered on that machine and automatically re-uses it
for subsequent recordings. If you would like the user to be
re-prompted at a certain part of the machine (for example after a
gearbox) then change the Default RPM for those schedule entries.
See Setting/Updating RPMs for Multiple Recordings (page 200) for
details of how to set the default RPM for all schedule entries on a
machine.

Baseline Recordings
A baseline recording is a vibration measurement taken on a machine
which is considered to be in good condition. The baseline is used as
a comparison recording with which to observe changes in the
vibration patterns.

• You can set recordings as being baseline recordings by

right-clicking them and selecting Set Baseline. When this
recording is plotted, the label 'Baseline' will appear at the top
of the chart and in the chart legend.
The baseline overall RMS value is shown in the Parameter
Set/Schedule Entry Editor's 'Baseline Overall RMS' window and can
be edited here (see next topic).

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 Displaying the baseline value on the instrument
After taking a recording on the instrument you can display the RMS
value of the baseline recording so that it can be compared with the
measurement you have just taken.

• Select Alarms>Update Baselines in this Folder then send

the folder to the instrument. The baseline RMS value will
display at the top-right of the screen after a measurement is
taken.

• Enable Halt after recording in the vb Options menu if you

wish to make the instrument pause at this stage.
Tip: If you intend to update your baselines intermittently you should
select Alarms>Update Baselines Before Send. Every time you set
a new recording as baseline this will be transferred to the vb
automatically upon Send.
Displaying the last measurement's value instead of a baseline
value
As an alternative to using baselines, you have the option of
displaying the measurement values from your last recording session.

• To display the previous measurement's RMS value select

Alarms>Use Last Measurement if no Baseline. This value
will labeled as baseline on the instrument.
Removing a baseline from the instrument display
• In the software, right-click the schedule entry that contains
the baseline recording and select Edit.

• In the Edit Paramset/Schedule Entry editor, click the

'Baseline Overall RMS' tab.

• Click Clear then OK. When you next send this folder to the
instrument the baseline value will no longer be displayed.

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 How to Use Parameter Sets/Schedule
Entries
The Parameter Set / Schedule Entry Editor gives you control over
the measurement parameters that will be used by the instrument.

To edit an existing schedule entry

• Right-click the schedule entry and select Edit. This will open
the Parameter Set / Schedule Entry Editor.

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 To create a new schedule entry
• Right-click a location and select New>Schedule Entry.
Alternatively, activate Build Mode (click the Build button on
the toolbar and click the Manual Build Mode link if you are
using the licensed Machine Builder Wizard) then click one of
the [Add Schedule Entry] placeholders.
Reminder
A parameter set defines the actual parameters that will be used to
take a recording (the measurement units, measurement domain etc)
and can be re-used as many times as you like. A schedule entry
represents a recording that will be taken at a measurement location.
A schedule entry gets its parameters from the parameter set
assigned to it.
In the editor, invalid options are indicated with red highlighting. If an
option appears red, please check the value you entered.
The 'Parameters' tab window (shown in the previous diagram),
allows you to set individual parameters such as the Fmax and
number of averages to use. The 'Domain' area allows you to choose
a measurement type or a combination of measurements (on
instruments that support these functions) including
multi-measurement 6Packs, Demod spectrum and waveform, and
standard spectrum and waveform recordings. Simultaneous
multi-measurement types are only available on vbX instrument
models, not vbX000 instruments such as the vb1000 or vb3000.
The instrument can support a wide range of sensor types and their
corresponding measurement units (depending on the version of vb
firmware you are using - contact your local reseller or Commtest
Instruments if you are unsure). To choose a different type of unit or
to define your own, click to open the unit selection
window. Full instructions for selecting or creating new units are found
in Keypad Schedule Entries (page 189), under the sub-heading
'Creating your own units'.

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 • Click the labeled tabs to select a different tab.

The 'Channel/Sensor' tab window allows you to specify a channel

and/or sensor other than the default for a particular instrument.
Clicking the Sensors button on this tab allows you to define new
sensors and edit existing ones (their sensitivity and settling times
etc). The sensor assigned to any schedule entry must match the type
of signal being measured.
The 'Applicable vb Instrument' tab window allows you to choose the
vb instrument that these parameters are to be sent to. This allows
the software to indicate which settings are valid for that instrument
(see the notes at the end of this topic).
The 'Baseline Overall RMS' tab window allows you to enter a
baseline value that will appear in the instrument when this schedule
entry is being recorded. See Baseline Recordings (page 205) for
more information.
The 'FFT Options' tab window allows you to set the window type
(Hanning or Rectangular) and overlap percentage.
You can choose from parameter sets already in use using the
drop-down box at the top of the window labeled 'Select Parameter
Set'.
Notes:
Switching between the Time, Frequency and Demodulation domains
will enable different options on the Edit Paramset / Schedule Entry
editor.
The editor will also change depending on which instrument you are
designing the parameter set for. Newer versions of the vb firmware
have additional features that will only be visible when that instrument
is selected in the 'Applicable vb Instrument' tab window.

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 Fmin
The instrument can be instructed to ‘zero out’ frequencies in a
spectrum below a particular Hz value. This allows you to remove
ski-slopes or to create special measurements that exclude low
frequencies from the overall value.
The Fmin setting is available in the editor, when a demodulation or
frequency domain parameter set is being edited.
Note: The frequency resolution of the spectrum will not be affected
by the Fmin setting. If the Fmin value is 100 Hz, and the Fmax value
is 125 Hz, and the Lines setting is 400 lines then 400 lines of data
will be taken from 0 Hz to 125 Hz, and the lines corresponding to
frequencies below 100 Hz will be set to zero.

Orders-based Parameter Sets

You can specify the Fmax of a frequency-based vibration
measurement in Orders instead of Hz. This means that no matter
what the actual running speed of the machine is, you can specify that
the measurement should have a frequency range of 'n' orders of the
running speed.
To create an orders-based parameter set
• Create a new schedule entry by right-clicking a location in
the navigator tree and choose New>Schedule Entry.

• Select Orders instead of Hz for the Fmax units.

The Ascent software must know the running speed (RPM) of a

machine to be able to display orders. Select one of the following
options to set the RPM:

• Tick 'Read RPM from Tach' if a tachometer will be used to

take the measurements.
OR
• Enter a default RPM value in the 'Default RPM' field.

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 OR
• Tick 'Ask user for RPM when measurement is taken' if you
would like the instrument to prompt the user to enter the
RPM before the measurement is taken.

• Fill in the rest of the form as you would normally.

The instrument will select an Fmax from the normal available
Fmaxes that give at least the specified number of orders of
frequency. For this reason, the recording will appear in the navigator
with an Fmax value in Hz/CPM and the range on the bottom axis will
probably be slightly higher than the requested number of orders.
For example, if you choose 20 orders, and an RPM of 1100:
• The running frequency in Hz is 1100 / 60 = 18.33 Hz
• 20 times 18.33 = 366.6
• The smallest Fmax that will give a frequency range of 366.6
Hz is 400 Hz
• When plotted, the number of orders shown on the bottom
axis will actually be 400 / 18.33 = 21.8 orders.
If the tachometer is being used to trigger the measurement, the RPM
will be determined automatically.
As well as setting frequency domain measurements in orders, you
can also set demodulation domain measurements in orders, and
time domain measurements in revolutions.

Editing Parameter Sets

The Schedule Entry and Parameter Set Editors are integrated into
one screen (the Edit Paramset / Schedule Entry Editor).
You can edit a single schedule entry by changing its settings in the
Edit Paramset / Schedule Entry Editor.

• To do this, right-click the schedule entry and choose Edit,

then make the required changes.

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 If several schedule entries use the same parameter set, you can edit
them collectively by modifying the parameter set assigned to them.

• From the main menu, select Edit>Manage>Parameter Sets.

This opens the Manager - Parameter set window that lists all
the parameter sets in the entire site (the site contains all your
folders, which in turn contain all your machines).

• Select a parameter set then click Edit to open the Edit

Paramset / Schedule Entry Editor. Because you are editing
the parameter set, rather than an individual schedule entry,
the options on the editor that relate to schedule entries will
be hidden and any changes you make will be applied to all
schedule entries that use that parameter set.

Working with Parameter Sets/Schedule Entries

on a Single Folder, Machine, Point or Location
The P/Sets button opens the Select Parameter Sets window that
allows you to perform tasks such as adding, editing or deleting
multiple schedule entries in a single folder/machine/point/location.

• Select the navigator item that contains the schedule entries

you wish to work with and click the P/Sets button on the
toolbar.

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 Add opens the Edit Paramset / Schedule Entry Editor so that you
can create a new parameter set. When you click OK, schedule
entries will be created using this parameter set and will be added to
all the selected item's sub-items e.g. if you have a machine selected,
schedule entries will be added to all locations; if you have a point
selected schedule entries will be added to all locations on that point.
Edit opens the Edit Paramset / Schedule Entry Editor so that you
can edit any parameter sets being used by the schedule entries in
this folder/machine/point/location.

• Select a parameter set from the Select Parameter Sets

window and click Edit. Any changes you make to this
parameter set will only be applied to schedule entries that
are sub-items of the currently selected item. Edit actually
creates a new parameter set and assigns this to the
schedule entries you are working with (while leaving the
original parameter set and the schedule entries that use it
untouched).
Example
You have the following machine structure: A machine with two points
and two locations at each point (four locations in total). The schedule
entries at each location all use the same parameter set.

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 You want to edit the parameters for the two drive end schedule
entries but don't want to change the parameters of the other
schedule entries. Select the point labeled 'Drive End' and click the
P/Sets button to open the Select Parameter Sets window. Select the
parameter set (there will be only one displayed) and click Edit to
make your changes. When you click OK a new parameter set will be
created and assigned to both drive end schedule entries. The other
two schedule entries will use the old (unchanged) parameter set.
Remove will remove all schedule entries that use this parameter set
from the selected folder/machine/point location. This is the same as
right-clicking individual schedule entries and selecting Delete.
Removing the parameter set does not delete it from the database - it
will still appear in the Edit Paramset / Schedule Entry Editor's 'Select
Parameter Set' drop-down list.
Usage shows you how many locations in this folder/machine etc use
the selected parameter set.

• Select a parameter set and click Usage. Use the tick boxes
to add the parameter set to, or remove it from, multiple
locations.

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 Clean-up Parameter Sets and Schedule Entries
If you have many parameter sets or schedule entries and not all of
them are being used, the Select Parameter Set drop-down box
(when you create/edit a schedule entry) will contain unwanted
duplicate entries. The schedule entry and parameter set clean-up
utility can find and remove those entries that are not being used, and
merge any duplicate entries into a single item.

• From the main menu select Database>Utilities>Clean-up

Schedule Entries and Parameter Sets. The 'Clean-up
Schedule Entries and Parameter Sets' panel will open.

Clean-up Utilities Panel

The Clean-up Schedule Entries and Parameter Sets panel contains

several different options. These are:
Merge all duplicated parameter sets. This option will consolidate
any duplicate parameter sets using the same configuration into a
single parameter set.

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 Remove all unused parameter sets. This option will delete any
parameter sets not currently in use in the navigator (that is, any
parameter sets not actively being used for measurements).
Update all schedule entry names. Use this option to update the
names of your schedule entries. This option is useful if you have
changed default measurement units, or if you changed the software's
interface language after creating a schedule entry.
Merge all duplicated schedule entries. This option will consolidate
duplicate schedule entries at the same measurement location.
Consolidation is most likely to be successful when duplication follows
the import of folders or machines from older Ascent databases.

• Select a checkbox item or items from the 'Clean-up

Schedule Entries and Parameter Sets' panel. Click OK then
Yes to confirm the action. The clean-up process may take
some time to complete.

Order Tracking
Note: this feature applies only to vbOnline16 devices.
If Machine speed varies significantly while a recording is being taken,
the resulting spectral peaks may appear as smeared bumps instead
of sharp peaks. Subtle spectral features that indicate early bearing or
mechanical defects may no longer be clearly resolved in the
spectrum.
This problem does not apply to normal constant-speed machines,
but relates to variable-speed machines, and is of particular concern
on low speed machines. Low speed measurements tend to be very
long in duration, allowing time for the machine’s speed to change
significantly while a recording is taken.

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 The number of Orders being recorded is also a significant factor that
must be understood in relation to this peak 'smearing'. Consider a
wind turbine that experiences a gust-induced speed increase of 2%
during a recording. This speed variation will have relatively little
impact on the first Order running speed peak. However, at 50 Orders
the impact will be significant. The peak will be smeared from its
original location all the way to the original location of the 51st order
(2% x 50 Orders = 100% of an Order).
The Order Tracking system prevents this smearing of spectral peaks
by automatically adjusting the data sampling rate to obtain a
constant number of samples per revolution of the Machine. To
provide the precise timing information required, a tachometer sensor
must be installed. This tachometer should be positioned on the
highest speed shaft if the machine uses a gearbox, as this will
provide the most frequent timing information to the Order Tracking
system.
To achieve Order Tracking the vbOnline16 device digitally
re-samples data during acquisition at the required samples-per-rev
rate. The digital processing techniques employed ensure very high
signal quality and are able to tolerate significant speed variations of
between half and twice the Machine speed at the start of recording.

Automatic Sample Rate Adjustment Over Varying Speeds

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 Enable Order Tracking
• Open or create a Parameter Set by pressing the P/Sets
button on the main menu and pressing Add, or by pressing
the Schedule Entry icon ( ) on the creation palette. The
Edit Paramset/Schedule Entry panel will open.

• Click the Parameters tab on the lower half of the Edit

Paramset/Schedule Entry panel if it is not already selected.

• Set the tachometer type from the Tach Type dropdown box.

• Within the Parameters tab select the second dropdown box

beside Fmax:. Click the Orders option for spectrum
measurements. The Order Tracked checkbox will appear to
the right of the dropdown box.

The Order Tracking Checkbox

• Tick the Order Tracked checkbox.

• Type a numeric value into the Fmax text field. This value is
the number of orders that will be tracked, and must be
between 0 and 3000.

• Type a value into the Default RPM value text field. This is
the approximate speed of the rotating equipment. The
default RPM is used only as an initial starting check, as
explained below, and not recorded; only the actual RPM
measured from the tachometer will be stored in the
recording. (The RPM is measured throughout the recording
and then averaged to get a final weighted RPM.)

• Select the number of lines of resolution from the Lines

dropdown. Order tracked recordings are limited to 6400 lines
of resolution for single, and 3200 lines for dual channel
recordings.

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 It is important to understand the relationship between Orders and
default RPM when configuring Order Tracking. The Order Tracking
system operates effectively only at frequencies below 6 kHz (360
kCPM). The combination (i.e. multiplication of) of RPM and Orders
should not exceed this frequency ceiling.
For example, a default RPM of 1000 up to 20 orders will result in a
maximum frequency of 20 kCPM (1000 x 20). This is well within the
range of Order Tracking frequencies.
A higher speed shaft at 4000 RPM can have Order Tracking applied
at up to 80 Orders (4000 x 80 = 320 kCPM). If the actual Machine
speed increases such that Order x Speed exceeds the 360 kCPM
limit, Order Tracking will be maintained but data above the 360
kCPM limit will be attenuated. For typical applications this can be
avoided easily as these high frequency recordings are recorded very
quickly. The Machine speed is unlikely to change significantly during
the recording, so Order Tracking is not required. To be sure,
Dynamic Criteria can be applied to automatically reject any
recordings which do experience speed variations.
The Order Tracking feature is now configured. If you are creating a
new schedule entry rather than editing an existing item you must
now specify a schedule entry name, measurement Fmin, lines of
resolution and all other relevant measurement parameters. See How
to Use Parameter Sets/Schedule Entries (page 207) for more details.

Defining Sensor Settings

If you use more than one accelerometer for data collection, you can
store each sensor's sensitivity and settling time in the software.
When setting up schedule entries, you can select different sensors
for taking the measurements.

• From the main menu choose Edit>Manage>Sensors.

• Use the Add and Edit buttons to enter or change the details
of your sensor.

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 Note: When transferring sensors from the instrument to the software
or the software to the instrument, they will be compared by name
only - if you change the settings of the sensor it will not be
transferred unless you first delete it in the software.

Bias Voltage Type

The Bias Voltage Type check allows Ascent to warn operators of
errors or fault conditions such as short-circuits, faulty sensors or
open-circuits by comparing the actual sensor bias voltage with the
expected voltage range.

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 Bias Voltage Type

Most accelerometers have an output voltage centered on 12 V DC.

The default bias voltage range offered by the software is therefore 8
V to 16 V (providing 4 Volts of headroom above and below the
typical output value).
Some sensors may utilize a lower or higher bias voltage. If using
such a sensor, review the manufacturer's documentation and create
a new bias voltage range to suit. To create a new Bias Voltage
setting:

• Press the Add button. The new bias value window will open.

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 • Type a name for the new bias value range entry into the
'Description' text field.

• Enter the required minimum bias voltage value into the 'Min
Bias' field. This value should typically be 2-5 Volts below the
anticipated minimum output voltage used by the sensor.

• Enter the required maximum bias voltage value into the 'Max
Bias' field. This value should typically be 2-5 Volts above the
anticipated minimum output voltage used by the sensor.

• Press OK to save the new entry.

Note: to edit an existing bias voltage record, select it from the Bias
Voltage Type list and click the Edit button.

Manually Entering Vibration Data

Note: This feature will only be available to you if it is included as part
of your license agreement. If you wish to enable this feature please
contact [email protected] or your distributor for more
information.
Vibration data that has been previously collected and stored either
on paper or in a spreadsheet program can be manually entered into
the Ascent database.

• To manually enter these measurements choose Edit>Edit

Measurements... from the main menu.

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 • Fill in the information for the timestamp, units, x values and
sample data and click the Create at this location button to
add the measurement to the current location.
Timestamp: the date/time of the recording.
X units:
for waveform: secs, ms
for spectra: Hz, CPM
X start and X stop: the range of x axis values.
calc 1st line: sets X start to (X stop ÷ number of samples).
Y units: the left axis amplitude values (g, adB, mm/s, vdB SI, mm).
Post scaling: (spectrum only) the amplitude values (peak, RMS,
peak-peak).
Assoc. RPM: the RPM of the recording.
Demod: (demod spectra only) tick this option if this is a demod
recording and enter the demod bandwidth in the two blank fields.

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 Complex Data: if ticked, 'real' amplitude values must be given
followed by all the 'imaginary' values. For each frequency bin in the
spectrum there is a 'real' and an 'imaginary' amplitude that together
define a 2d vector - from this vector the amplitude and phase for that
frequency is calculated by the software.
The amplitude values must be pasted into the blank text area on the
right. The number of samples will be determined automatically (by
counting the number of lines) when you click Create at this
location.

• You can also fill the form in using the currently selected
measurement by clicking Load from Measurement.

• Right-click on the sample value text area to access some

useful options that allow you to manipulate your data.

Create single column, remove text: removes all text, leaving only
numeric values.
Remove first column: removes the first column of data if there is
more than one.
Remove right-hand columns: removes any columns to the right,
keeping only the first.

Customizing Axis Names

When in Build Mode, you can define new axis/location names as you
create your machines.

• Click Build on the toolbar to activate Build Mode then click

an [Add Measurement Location] placeholder and select
<other> from the list.

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 • Click OK, enter a name for this location then click OK again
to assign it. This new location will now appear in the
drop-down list and can be assigned to other locations.
Editing, adding or deleting existing location names
Any location name that you define (and some of the defaults) can be
edited. The first five default names in the list cannot be edited.

• To change an existing location name, from the main menu

choose Edit>Manage>Axis Names.

• The Manager - Axis Name window contains options for

adding, editing or deleting measurement locations. To edit or
delete a location, select it from the list then click the
appropriate button.
Note: The Ascent software prevents you from accidentally deleting a
location name if it is being used by a machine.

Tagging
Tagging is a method of grouping selected items so that operations
can be carried out on them collectively. Any data item can be tagged.
Operations that you can do with your list of tagged items include:
• Delete all tagged items (Delete).
• Change the RPM value of all tagged items (Update RPMs)
• Export all tagged items and their contents to a .vb file
(Export Tagged to File).
• Generate an automated report of all tagged items
(Automated Report).

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 • Reset all tagged schedule entries' channel and sensor
settings to default (Set Channel/Sensor to Default).
• Create a route from all tagged measurement locations
(Create Route).
All these operations can be accessed by choosing Tag from the
main menu, or from the Operations menu of the Tagged Items
window (choose Options>View Tagged Items).

• To manually tag items select them in the navigator and press

CTRL+T. To un-tag, repeat the process.

• To automatically tag items choose Tag>Search and Tag to

search the database for data that matches specific criteria.

If you have a large number of items to tag it may be quicker to use

the Search and Tag option and un-tag individual items. For
example, to add all but a few measurement locations to a route you
could tag all locations at once then un-tag the ones that are not
needed.

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 Storing Re-usable Components in the
Library
New machines can be created by either building them from re-usable
components or by copying and re-naming entire machines. You can
save a lot of set up time by storing commonly used components in
the Ascent library e.g. alarm bands and envelopes, user-defined
bearings, gears and machines etc. These components can be used
as templates to build new machines. Having one central storage
area saves you having to search through your folders to find the
components you wish to copy. One way to set this up is to create
folders within the library to hold different types of machine, and other
folders for each type of component.

• To add an item, such as a machine to the library, right-click

the item and choose Library>Add Selection to Library.
The Save As window will appear, showing a list of the folders
currently in your library.

• If you don't have any folders set up you can create them at

this time by clicking the Create New Folder button on

the top section of this window. A 'New Folder' icon will
appear in the list. Re-name this to whatever you want and
click away from the folder to save this name.

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 • Double-click the folder you wish to store your component in
so that it appears in the top drop-down box then click Save.

Retrieving items from the library

To re-use a component stored in the library you need to import it.

• Right-click in the navigator area, choose Library>Commtest

(or the folder you saved the component in) then select your
required template file. This will be called <name of
component>.vb.

• When the window appears asking you to name this new

component, type in an appropriate name and click OK.

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 Your new component will now appear in the navigator tree. Any
changes made to this new component will not affect the template
stored in the library as this component is a copy of the template.
The Commtest supplied library templates use orders-based
parameter sets. After importing a machine from these templates,
select the machine (or point in the case of a gearbox) and choose
Edit>Set RPM. Enter the running speed of the machine and deselect
the option 'Only apply where there is no RPM set already'.
To edit the library
You can edit the library to delete unused templates or change the
names of template files etc.

• Choose Library>Edit Library. You will be given an explorer

style view of the library that you can use to copy, move or
rename the library files and folders.

Opening an Entire Site

If you work with a large number of folders and spend a lot of time
switching between them you can open the entire site. This will list all
the site's folders in the navigator tree so that you can access the
machines within them more quickly.

Navigator tree displaying all folders in a site

• Click the Open button on the toolbar. The displayed window

contains all your sites and folders.

• Click the site you wish to open then click OK.

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 • In the navigator tree, double-click any folder to open it.
Expanding and collapsing folders
To display the full contents of each folder (each machine and its
points, locations etc) use the Expand all command. To close all the
folders so that only the folder icon is showing, use the Collapse all
command.

• Right-click anywhere in the navigator tree and choose

Expand all to display the machine structures or Collapse all
to hide the machines.

Switching Between Ascent Level 2 and

Level 1
If you are using Ascent Level 2, you can switch between this and
Ascent Level 1.

• From the main menu select Options>Software

Mode>Switch to Ascent Level 1.

• To switch back to Ascent Level 2 again you must re-start

Ascent.

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 Section 8: Transferring Data
Importing and Exporting Data
Information can be transferred to and from an Ascent database using
the Import and Export functions. Folders, machines and even
individual recordings can be transferred using the Export command
to create .vbz files. These files can then be attached to an e-mail and
transferred to a PC running the software at the other end using the
Import command.
When you import data you must first select the place in the navigator
tree at which you would like the data to be inserted. For example if
you have tagged and exported a measurement location you must
select a point in the navigator tree when you import it.
Exporting
• To export the current folder to a .vbz file open the folder then
choose File>Export Folder to File from the main menu.

• To export an individual item such as a machine to a file, tag

it first, then choose Tag>Export Tagged to File. This is a
good way to build a set of machine templates. Remember to
un-tag any existing items first using Tag>Clear Tags.

• To create a .vbz file that contains recordings from a specific

date range only, choose File>Export Folder to File.

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 • Select the first tick box to restrict data to a specific date
range then use the drop-down boxes to choose the start and
end dates.

• Select the second tick box if you want to exclude image files.
(If you have many attached images, selecting this option will
significantly reduce the size of the export file.)

• Select a format for exporting the data using the drop-down

box then click OK.
Importing
• To import data from a .vbz file or a .vb file (from earlier
versions of the software), choose File>Import File from the
main menu. Locate the .vbz file and click Open. The data will
then be transferred into the current folder.

• To import only new data from a .vbz file, choose File>Import

File as Update. Any data that you already have in your
database will not be duplicated.

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 Import/Export as XML
Folders and their associated routes and schedule entries can be
exported from an Ascent database as XML format files. XML files
containing measurement data can also be exported from a vbSeries
portable instrument equipped with a USB host port (found on
vbSeries instruments with serial numbers above 40800) and
imported into the Ascent software. This process provides a means of
transferring data between the Ascent database and an instrument
without a direct, real-time connection.
This feature could be used to generate an XML file containing a
route and all associated machines and schedule entries. This file
could then be emailed to an instrument operator in the field, and
imported using an instrument's USB host port (no Ascent software
required). The route would then be collected as normal and the
measurements exported via the USB host port as XML once
acquired. When returned via email, the instrument XML file can be
imported into the Ascent software for normal measurement/route
analysis.
Exporting
• To export the current folder to a .xml file click Send from the
main menu.

• Select the 'Write to File' drop down box option beside

'Comms Method'.

• Click and browse to the location the .xml file will be

exported to.

• Check the tickbox beside the folder(s) you want to export

then click Send. The XML file may now be imported into an
instrument.
Importing
• To import an .xml file exported from an instrument, click
Receive from the main menu.

• Select the 'Write from File' drop down box option beside
'Comms Method'.

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 • Click and browse to the import .xml file (on a USB flash
memory drive, for example).

• Click Receive.
Note: A file exported from the Ascent software cannot be directly
imported back into Ascent. The file must be imported into an
instrument, then exported from that instrument. The file exported
from the instrument may then be imported into Ascent. Only files
exported from instruments included on your CLK can be imported
into the Ascent software.

OPC Import
Note: the OPC Import feature currently supports only versions 2 and
3 of the OPC protocol.
OPC stands for 'OLE for Process Control'. It is a series of open
standards based on Microsoft's OLE technology and used to support
the movement of real time data from process hardware such PLCs,
DCSs and other control devices to HMI (Human Machine Interface)
display clients.
Ascent's OPC Import function allows process parameters exported
from OPC-compatible devices to be recorded in the Ascent
database. Wind turbines, drives, refrigeration units or other hardware
equipped with internal sensors and monitoring equipment that is able
to provide OPC-compatible output values can be added to the
OnlineManager's schedule of measurements, alongside standard
vibration and process measurements taken via vbOnline devices.
This ability allows Ascent to trend values from existing data sources,
and customers to use any compatible measurement device,
including those from manufacturers other than Commtest
Instruments.
These process control parameters can be trended and alarmed in
Ascent, or even used to control the scheduling of other recordings.
Within Ascent, OPC schedule entries define which OPC server to
read the data from; which data source to record; how to scale the
raw data obtained, and what engineering units to save data as. OPC
schedule entry set-up is explained in the steps below.

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 Configure Engineering Units and Scaling
This is achieved by setting up a special 'virtual sensor' within the
Ascent software.

• From the Ascent main menu select

Edit>Manage>Sensors... The Sensor Manager will open.

• Click Add.. then Standard Sensor.

• Select Input from OPC from the Input Range and

Coupling dropdown list.

• Enter a description for this OPC sensor such as its signal

type or OPC source ('WTG RPM from OPC', for example)
into the Desc/Serial No. text field.

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 • Choose a sensor unit from the Sensor Units dropdown list
or click Other... if the signal type you wish to assign to the
OPC value is not listed. Other opens the Units window
where you can select the unit that your sensor will measure.
(You can also define your own units by selecting a unit type
that has no abbreviation listed in the right-hand column then
clicking the Edit button and entering an abbreviation for your
new unit).

• Enter a numeric value into the Gain text field. This value
specifies the multiplier that will be applied to the raw data
from the OPC input sensor. The default value is 100, but you
may choose any value, including 1 to record a raw,
unaltered, input value.

• Enter a numeric value into the Offset text field to directly

alter the OPC input following gain adjustment. The offset
addition/subtraction and gain multiplier work together to
allow basic mathematical manipulation of the OPC input
value. This ability can be useful for converting between units
or adjusting output trims. For example, to convert an OPC
value of Kelvin into Fahrenheit, select a Sensor Unit of
Fahrenheit then set a gain value of 1.8 and an offset of
-459.72. 1 OPC unit (in Kelvin) x 1.8 (Gain) - 459.72 (Offset)
= Fahrenheit conversion.

• Click OK to finish defining the sensor. The new sensor is

now ready to be assigned to an OPC schedule entry.

Create an OPC Schedule Entry

Note: Before an OPC schedule entry can be configured, an OPC
server must be running and available for connection. Contact your
network administrator if you require the OPC server's IP address and
host server.

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 • From the Ascent Creation Palette press the Add OPC
Schedule button ( ). Alternatively, right-click a Point or
Location and select New>Add OPC Schedule Entry. The
OPC Schedule Entry panel will open.

• Type a name for the new schedule entry into the

Description text field.

• Select the OPC sensor configured above from the OPC

Sensor dropdown list. If no sensor is selected, the raw OPC
values will be stored in Ascent without scaling or engineering
units.

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 • Type the IP address or host name of the OPC server host
computer into the OPC Host text field. An IP address will
normally come in the form of '192.168.1.X' or '172.168.1.X'
where X is a number between 1 and 256. The exact number
sequence will vary in each network situation. Contact your
network administrator if you require assistance.

• Select an OPC server from the OPC Server drop-down list.

Servers will only be listed if the OPC Host field was correctly
completed in the previous step, allowing the AscentOPC
application to successfully connect the Ascent software to
the OPC server.

• Select an OPC data source from the OPC Data Source field
and click OK. The schedule entry will be displayed beside an
OPC icon in the navigator list (under the measurement
Location).
If the OPC tag entries are not displayed in the Browse window (that
is, they are not being openly broadcast), click the Manual Entry tab
and manually type the tag names of the OPC data items you wish to
import. You may need to contact your IT department or to access the
OPC server control panel for these details. The source you select
should correspond with the process signal output you wish to record.
See Taking Recordings Manually to perform a simple test of the new
OPC schedule entry to confirm that it is working as expected.
Once you have configured the OPC sensor and OPC schedule entry,
an appropriate interval can be assigned to the schedule entry using
the steps detailed in Step 4: Configure Recording Intervals. These
recordings can also be used as criteria to control the acquisition of
other recordings. For example, you may only want to take vibration
readings when OPC informs Ascent that the Machine is running. This
is explained in Criteria and Conditional Monitoring.

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 Serial Data Input
Note: this feature applies only to vbOnline16 devices.
The vbOnline16 device's SDI (Serial Data Input) feature facilitates
communications with external Serial-connected devices using
standard protocols such as MODBUS RTU (Remote Terminal Unit).
This feature allows data polling between the Ascent software and
compatible hardware devices, including PLC controllers and oil
analyzers.
Ascent software communicates with external MODBUS sources
using a standard vbOnline16 device as an intermediary. The Ascent
software and the vbOnline16 device communicate over a standard
Ethernet connection, while the vbOnline16 device and the MODBUS
device communicate using a standard Serial (RS232 RJ12)
connection.
Note: The RS232 communication rate for SDI MODBUS
communications is fixed at 19200 baud. The MODBUS server must
be configured accordingly.
This reference guide details the configuration steps required within
the Ascent software. It does not detail the configuration required in
the source device, PLC or oil analyzers. See the device's
documentation for this information before proceeding. The steps
detailed below assume that the MODBUS source is already installed
and configured.

Configure Engineering Units and Scaling

This is achieved by setting up a special 'sensor' in the Ascent
software.

• From the Ascent main menu select

Edit>Manage>Sensors... The Sensor Manager will open.

• Click Add... then Standard Sensor.

• Select the Serial Data Input option from the Input Range
and Coupling drop-down list.

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 Assigning Engineering Units and Scaling

• Select the engineering units for the final scaled values. The
Other... button provides an extensive list of options.

• Enter a numeric value into the Gain text field. This value
specifies the multiplier that will be applied to the raw data
from the Serial Data Input. The default value is 100, but you
may choose any value, including 1 to record a raw,
unaltered, Serial input value.

• Enter a numeric value into the Offset text field to directly

alter the Serial input following gain adjustment. The offset
addition/subtraction and gain multiplier work together to
allow basic mathematical manipulation of the input value.

• Enter a description for this Serial Data scaling into the

Desc/Serial No. text field.

• Click OK then Apply. The Serial data sensor is now created,

and can be selected when creating an SDI schedule entry.

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 Configure an SDI Schedule Entry
Notes: SDI schedule entries can only be created for vbOnline16
devices. A vbOnline16 device must be present in the Ascent
database to proceed. To add a device do so now by pressing
CTL+ALT+S then selecting Add then Online Device.

• From the Ascent main menu select Edit>Manage>SDI

Modbus... The Configure Serial Data Inputs panel will
open.

• Press the Add button. The vbOnline Modbus Assignment

panel will open. Use this panel to configure your schedule
entry.

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 MODBUS Setup Interface

• Type a name for the schedule entry in the Description text

field.

• Select a protocol value from the Data Type dropdown box.

This controls the type of data to be read. For example, Coils
and Inputs are simple on/off values, and Registers are
typically 16- or 32-bit integers
Note: Consult your MODBUS source's documentation to determine
the type suitable for the attached equipment.

• Enter an address into the RTU Address text field. This

address may be any value between 1 and 247. Consult your
source device for address details.

• Enter a 1-5 digit address into the DATA Address field. This
address may be any value between 1 and 10000 and will
vary depending on the Protocol selected earlier and the
MODBUS source device configuration. Available address
ranges are as follows:

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 RTU Protocol Name Starting Address
Coil Bits, binary values, 00001
flags
Digital Input Binary inputs 10001
Analog Input Binary inputs 30001
Register Analog values, 40001
variables

• Select an SDI sensor from the Sensor Desc/Serial No.

dropdown box. This will define the engineering units and
scaling of the values. Any SDI sensors created using the
steps described in Configure the Engineering Units and
Scaling above will be listed.

• Click OK. The SDI configuration will be saved, and listed on

the Configure Serial Data Inputs panel. Select an item and
press Edit to make any changes needed or click OK to close
this panel.

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 New SDI MODBUS Input

Apply an SDI Schedule Entry

• Select a Point, Location or Schedule Entry from the left-hand
navigator list, or create them as required. Select the
Location.

• Press the SDI button ( ) from the Creation Palette, or

right-click the item and select New>SDI Schedule Entry.
The SDI Schedule Entry panel will open.

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 • Select an SDI Schedule Entry item from the dropdown list
and click OK. The schedule entry will be displayed beside an
SDI icon in the navigator list (under the measurement
Location).

SDI schedule entry items are treated as conventional vbOnline

schedule entries by Ascent and the OnlineManager. Open the Online
Device Setup Wizard (Edit>Online Device Setup) to assign
recording intervals or to use SDI measurements as criteria (via the
Intervals and Criteria option in the Wizard). SDI measurements are
acquired as specified in the Ascent software by the OnlineManager
application. See Criteria and Conditional Monitoring and Step 4:
Configure Recording Intervals for more information.
SDI measurements can be charted and trended using the main
menu Chart options, or Numeric Data Alarms applied.

Offline Recordings with a vbOnline16

Device
Note: this feature applies only to vbOnline16 devices.
In the event of a network communications failure between the
vbOnline16 device and the OnlineManager software, vbOnline16
devices can be programmed to store measurement data for,
typically, 40 days*. Data is stored in an 8 MB memory block allocated
to offline recordings. This memory acts as a simple circular buffer
with new recordings added at regular intervals. Older recordings are
overwritten by newer recordings when the device's internal memory
capacity is reached.

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 Once network communications are re-established, all stored
measurement data are automatically transferred from the instrument
to the appropriate Ascent database via the OnlineManager
application. This feature ensures that trendable recordings are
available even after extended network or server outages.
The Offline Recording Configuration panel includes options for
specifying the recording interval to be used in the event of a network
failure (for example, every 12 hours) until network communications
are restored; for clearing the measurements stored in a vbOnline16
device, and for sending all individual offline recording configurations
to their respective vbOnline16 devices within a database
simultaneously (one-click updating).
Note: The offline recording feature is designed to act as a
measurement repository in the event of a temporary network outage.
To avoid data loss as a result of a power outage, an external battery
capable of supplying power to the vbOnline16 device may be
installed.
Initial Criteria are not applied to Offline Mode, instead the recordings
are always taken irrespective of the criteria state. This is because
Initial Criteria decisions are made in the OnlineManager, not in the
vbOnline device. The required information may not be available on
the device. If criteria are essential for your application, then Dynamic
Criteria can be considered as they are evaluated onboard the
vbOnline device.
*Based upon 8 channels recording, 3 recording types per channel, 2
sets of recordings per day at 1600 line resolution.

Configure Offline Recording Intervals

• From the Ascent software's main menu select Edit>Online
Device Setup to open the Online Device Setup panel (or
press CTRL-ALT-S).

• Select the vbOnline16 device from the selection window and

press the Edit button. The vb Device Properties panel will
open.

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 Note: This step assumes you have already added the vbOnline16
device to the Ascent database. If you have not, press Add>Online
Device and double-click the device to add it.

• Click the Setup tab. Note the Offline Mode section near the
bottom of the panel.

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 • Click the Configure… button in the Offline Mode section.
The vbOnline Offline Options panel will open.

vbOnline Offline Options Panel

• Click the Enabled checkbox to activate the offline recordings

feature.

• Within the Interval area select a radio button. To use the

default recording interval press the top option Use Global
Interval. To specify a recording interval select the bottom
option Override. Click the Change button beside the
Override option to specify a recording interval, or beside the
Use Global Interval option to change the default
measurement interval. An interval of 12 hours is suitable for
typical applications. Click Accept.

• Click Send then OK if you wish to apply to recording interval

to the selected instrument.

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 The Send button will send this interval value to the vbOnline device
along with the details of all the conventional scheduled recordings.
The steps required for configuring conventional online recordings are
described at the beginning of this section (Creating Machines and
Measurement Setups (page 35)). Once all conventional schedule
entries have been set, the sensors specified and the recording
intervals configured, the offline configuration should be sent by
pressing the Send button.
Alternatively, to update the configurations on many vbOnline16
devices simultaneously:

• Select Edit>Offline Configurations... from the Ascent main

menu. The Send All Offline Configurations panel will
open.

• Click the checkbox beside each vbOnline device you wish to

update, or Select All to select all listed instruments, then
press the Send button.

Change Offline Measurement Global Interval

• Select Edit>Offline Configurations... from the Ascent main
menu. The Send All Offline Configurations panel will
open.

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 • Press Interval. The Change Offline Recording Interval
panel will open, displaying the current global default
recording interval.

• Edit the interval period and unit then click Accept.

• Click Refresh on the Send All Configurations panel to

update the panel with the new interval. Press Send to
update the affected vbOnline instruments.
Note: Ensure the relevant vbOnline instrument checkboxes have
been selected before sending.

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 Clear Offline Recordings from a vbOnline16
To clear any unretrieved measurement data from a vbOnline16
device, press the Clear button on the vbOnline Offline Options panel.

Identify Offline Measurements in the Ascent Software

In the event of a network outage, measurements retrieved from a
vbOnline device will be identified in the Ascent navigator panel with
an offline measurement icon, as illustrated by the bottom recording
below.

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 Template Machines
Note: This feature will only be available to you if it is included as part
of your license agreement. If you wish to enable this feature please
contact [email protected] or your distributor for more
information.
The Template Machines system allows any new or existing collection
of tree items within Ascent to be specified as a Template. These
templates, which consist of an entire Machine and all of its
associated Point, Location and Schedule Entries, can then be then
deployed and used to generate or update any number of duplicated
'Child' Machines. This function is useful if your site includes many
instances of common hardware components (such as drive motors,
fans or turbines).
The ability to deploy Templates greatly simplifies the setup and
maintenance time required for larger site installations. Each master
Template Machine, including its Point, Location and Schedule Entry
configuration may also be altered using the master Ascent software,
and these changes then simultaneously propagated to all associated
Child machines.
Template and Child Machines can be identified in the Ascent
software by their status tags. Template Machines and associated
items are displayed in the navigator list with a [T] label beside them.
Child items are labeled with [C].
Templates can also be changed and deployed in the AscentView
Enterprise web-application, and the Templates associated with Child
entries determined
Note: The ability to set templates and to apply templates are two
individually licensed features. Under normal circumstances only a
single 'master' Ascent instance will be licensed to create and edit
Template Machines. All other associated instances will be allowed to
apply these Template Machines to update or generate Child
Machines, but cannot change existing Template Machines or create
new Template Machines. If the Template Machines feature is used
on a single Ascent installation in a closed-loop environment both
license capabilities should be applied to the same Ascent installation.

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 Create a Template Machine
To create a Machine Template:

• Configure a Machine containing the required number of

points, locations and schedule entries, or select an existing
Machine. Any schedule entry types may be configured. It is
not necessary to assign a vbOnline device to schedule entry
recordings if the file Template file will be exported then
imported to another Ascent software instance (at another
location, for example) as the instrument must be assigned
locally.

• Right-click the Machine name in the navigator panel and

select Template>Set As Template. The Set Template
panel will open

Template Name Form

• Type a name into the Template Name text field. We

recommend that you enter a version number as part of the
Template name. Doing so will allow you to track Template
versions as modifications are made over time then
propagated to Child Machines.

• Click OK. The Template will be created and a confirmation

message will be displayed. The Machine name and elements
listed in the navigator list will be displayed in bold text, and
all element names will be labeled with a [T].

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 Template Machine

Note: The Template Name will be used as the default name for
exported Template files (see Export or Import a Template File (page
254)). The Template Name can be edited by right-clicking a
Template Machine and selecting Edit. The version number of the
Template should be updated whenever it is edited to ensure each
version is tracked.

Export or Import a Template File

Once a Template Machine has been configured and created, the
Template information can be exported as a vb Template (.vbt) file.
This file can then be sent to another copy of Ascent (via email, form
example) and imported. Any number of Child Machines can be
created using the Template file, each a copy of the Template. Child
Machine created previously using older Template files can also be
updated with newer Template files.
To export a vb Template file:

• Right-click a Template Machine in the navigator list and

select Template>Export Template File. The Save window
will open. Navigate to an appropriate location and save. The
default file name will be the Template name.
Note: While it is possible to change the name and version number of
the exported file at this point, we recommend that you update only
the Template name to avoid confusion (right-click Template Machine
in the navigator list and select Edit). When the .vbt file is imported,
the Template name will be displayed regardless of the vb Template
file name. Leaving the vbt file with its default name will ensure the
Template name and exported file names match one another.

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 To import a vb Template file:

• Right-click the Folder icon and select Template>Import

Template File. A selection window will open.

• Choose a vb Template (.vbt) file and click OK. The Import

Template window will open.

Import Template

The Import Template panel can be used to:

• Create new Child Machines using a vb Template file (see

Create a Child Machine)
• Update existing Child Machines with a newer vb Template
file (see Update a Child Machine))
• Preview changes made to vb Template files (see Preview
Template Changes)

Create a Child Machine

• Right-click the Folder icon and select Template>Import
Template File. A selection window will open.

• Choose a vb Template (.vbt) file and click OK. The Import

Template window will open.

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 • Press New Child Machine. The Create New Child Machine
panel will open.

Create Child Machine

• Select the Folder you wish to create the new Child Machine
within, and enter a Machine name in the Child Machine
Name text field.

• Click OK.

Update a Child Machine

To apply an updated Template file to existing Child Machines:

• Right-click the Folder icon and select Template>Import

Template File. A selection window will open.

• Choose a vb Template (.vbt) file and click OK. The Import

Template window will open.

• Select the checkboxes beside the Child Machine(s), or press

Select Children to select all Child items, then click Apply.
The selected Child Machine(s) will be updated.

Apply a Machine Template to an Existing Machine

An existing Machine Template can be applied to any existing
Machine within a database.

• Right-click the existing Machine name in the navigator list

and select Template>Import Template File. A selection
window will open.

• Choose a vb Template (.vbt) file and click OK. The Import

Template window will open.

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 • Click Apply.
The Template Machine will be applied to the existing Machine. Any
new points, locations and schedule entries contained in the Template
Machine will be overlaid onto the existing Machine. Any points,
locations and schedule entries already contained in the existing
Machine will be retained as independent 'free' items.

Machine before Template applied

Machine after Template applied

In the example above, note that the '3-Gen-E' point, 'Vertical' location
and velocity spectrum schedule entry are retained as free items
when the Template Machine is applied. These items can all be
edited normally. The Template Machine's 'Drive End' point, 'Vertical'
location and acceleration spectrum schedule entry are added as new
Child items. The Machine itself is also converted to a Child of the
Machine Template.

Preview Template Changes

• Right-click the Folder icon and select Template>Import
Template File. A selection window will open.

• Choose a vb Template (.vbt) file and click OK. The Import

Template window will open.

• Select a Machine to compare the new vb Template against.

• Press Preview. The Preview Report panel will open.

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 The Preview Report panel displays the selected Machine as it would
appear with the selected Template applied. New items that would be
added to the Machine by the new Template file are listed with an
[Add] tag. Items that have not changed name in the new Template
Machine file configuration are listed as [Matched] (although the
included schedule entries may have been modified).
If the vb Template file is applied to a Child Machine with
independently created point, locations or schedule entries, these will
be tagged as [Free]. These items will be left untouched if the vb
Template file is applied (applying a vb Template does not delete or
alter 'Free' category items).

Edit or View Template Name

• Right-click a Machine in the navigator list and select Edit.
The Machine Editor panel will open.

The Template name is listed in the Template Name field. To edit,

type a new name into the text field and click OK.

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 Release a Child or Template Machine
• Right-click a Child Machine (identifiable by its [C] tag) or a
Template Machine (identifiable by its [T] tag) and select
Template>Free Template. The machine will be released
and converted to a Free item. To re-apply a vb Template file
see the Apply a Machine Template to an Existing Machine
(page 256) section.

GMT Handling and Time Zones

If recordings are taken in a time zone different to that of the local PC
the GMT offset will be shown in brackets alongside the recording in
the navigator.

• To change the date/time of the recording to its equivalent

local time right click on it and select Change to local time.
All recordings are internally stored in Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
The local time offset is also stored with each recording and this value
is used to show the correct date/time for a recording in the local time
of the instrument that recorded it.
Viewing/Editing a recording's local time offset
• Right-click the recording in the navigator and select Edit
then change the GMT offset in the top-right of the window.
Viewing/Editing an instrument' GMT time offset
• To see the instrument's time zone setting select
Edit>Manage>vb Instruments from the main menu and
double-click on the vb instrument of interest.

• In the 'Properties' tab window you will see a 'Time Zone'

field. In here you can enter a GMT offset that will be used for
recordings received from this instrument. The default setting
is 'Same as PC' which means that the system time zone will
be used.

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 Editing the Windows system time zone
• The Windows system time zone can be changed by
double-clicking on the clock in the bottom-right of the
Windows taskbar and selecting the 'Time Zone' tab window.

Configuring vbX000 Instrument

Communications
Note: This topic applies only to vbX000 instruments such as the
vb3000 and vb2000 analyzers.
If the software cannot detect the instrument when you attempt to
Send or Receive you can change the COM port being used.

• Select Options>Configure VB Comms from the main

menu.

• Select the COM port from the drop-down box or click Find to
let the software automatically detect this for you.

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 Connect an Instrument via Serial COMs
With a vbX000 instrument connected to your computer by serial
cable, press Find. The COM Port Detect widow will open and Ascent
will begin scanning your computer's COM ports.

If an instrument is found it will be connected automatically and the

window will close. If an instrument is not found, Ascent will continue
scanning ports until the Close or Cancel buttons are pressed.
To manually select a serial port, click the Serial Port dropdown list on
the VB Communications panel and choose the port your instrument
is connected to, then click Test.

Reducing Settling Time

When 'Send schedule entries in an order which optimizes settling
time' is ticked the Ascent program will re-order the schedule entries
when sending a folder to the instrument. This ensures that
measurements that are at the same location are taken in the most
efficient order e.g. acceleration measurements first, followed by
velocity then displacement (which has the longest settling time of all).
The re-ordering of measurements will reduce your data collection
time.

• To set this option select Options>Configure VB Comms

from the main menu and tick the appropriate box.

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 CPU Intensive Comms
When this mode is enabled the PC will use 100% CPU time while
communicating with the instrument. If you are using a laptop and
want to keep battery consumption to a minimum you can disable this
option. It will make a difference of 0% to 10% of the download times
depending on the speed of the PC. If Rush Data is turned on this
option will make minimal difference.

Rush Data
Note: This option is available with vbX000 firmware 2.15 and higher.
When this mode is enabled the PC will attempt to download data
from the instrument in much larger chunks. This will greatly improve
the download times, usually by a factor of about 3x compared to
when Rush Data is not turned on.
If the serial communications line is error-prone, there is the
possibility that Rush Data will slow down significantly. This has not
been observed on any known systems; however, we provide the
option to turn Rush Data off just in case.

Synchronizing the Instrument Date/Time with

Your PC
The date/time of your PC may differ from that of the vb instrument,
particularly if you are receiving recordings taken in a different country
or time zone. You can synchronize the time clock of the instrument
with your PC by automatically updating the instrument's date/time
each time a Send or Receive function is carried out.

• To set this option select Options>Configure VB Comms

from the main menu and tick 'Synchronize VB Date and Time
with the PC'. Once activated this feature remains on and will
continue to update the instrument's time clock every time you
do a Send or Receive.

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 Troubleshooting vbX Network
Communications
Note: This topic only applies to vbX series instruments such as the
vb7 and vb8 analyzers. Before changing your network configuration,
ensure a firewall is not responsible for your communication difficulty
by temporarily disabling any active firewalls (Windows Firewall, for
example) and checking that the Commtest application 'masvb32.exe'
has been given permission to access your network (i.e. it has an
'exception' rule applied to it, if using a firewall).
Changing the Ethernet network address
vbX series instruments and the Ascent program use a default
network address to communicate. This address should not need to
be changed unless the default network settings conflict with those of
your current network. You can test this by observing if other network
connections are lost while the instrument is connected to your
computer, and are restored when you unplug the instrument. To fix
this problem you can change the network settings in the instrument
and Ascent program.
Notes:
Your changes will only take effect once the instrument hardware is
reset.
If you change the network address you must change it in both the
instrument and software so that they can communicate (this does not
apply if you are only changing the last digit of the IP address).

• Power on your instrument and plug it into the network using

an Ethernet cable.

• In the Ascent program select Edit>Manage>vb

Instruments...

• When the Manage Instruments window appears, select

your instrument with the mouse then click Edit.

• In the Ethernet field of the 'Setup' tab enter a new IP

address.

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 • Click Apply. A message will appear informing you that the IP
address has changed and the vbX screen will display a
message asking you to reset the instrument. Press +
to perform the reset.

• Click OK twice to close the Ascent windows.

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 Section 9: Managing Your Data
Storage Effectively
Once you have set up a program for collecting and storing machine
information you will potentially store many hundreds or even
thousands of recordings in your Ascent database. If a database is
allowed to become very large it will eventually slow down the
software's data retrieval and display times.
While it is important to collect enough historical data to be able to
trend a machine's condition over time, it is not necessary to keep
every recording ever taken on each machine.
To reduce the size of your Ascent database you will need to reduce
the number of recordings stored within it. There are several
approaches you can take to do this:
1. Periodically thin your database by deleting old recordings
e.g. those that are more than a year old.
2. Backup your database regularly (every few months or so)
and store these old recordings separately on your hard drive
or on CD-ROM then delete all recordings from the 'active'
copy of your database. If you use the software's Data
Thinning function you can selectively delete all recordings
excluding baselines (see Data Thinning on page 266 for
more information).
3. Use the software's database optimization tools to compact
the database and reclaim lost space, which will help to
speed up the software if the program is getting noticeably
slower. See Database Optimization (page 272) for more
information on backing up your database and using the
database optimization tools.

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 Data Thinning
Data thinning allows you to 'thin out' your recordings by removing
unneeded historical data. This can significantly reduce the size of
your database thereby improving the speed of data retrieval and
display. A thinned out database will also take up less room on your
hard drive.
Note: Databases must be backed up and restored after thinning
before hard drive space will be reclaimed.
You can use the data thinning feature to keep different numbers of
recordings for different time periods e.g. to keep most new
recordings but only keep a few recordings from 6 months ago and
even fewer recordings from 1 year ago. To help avoid accidental
deletions you are required to view the recordings before deleting
them. You also have the option of creating a backup file that can be
used to restore the deleted data.
Note: If you are using a vbOnline device rather than a vb portable
you can configure the OnlineManager program to automatically run
the thinning process regularly. See the vbOnline Reference Guide for
more information.
Data thinning lets you selectively remove recordings from a
database, site, folder, individual machines, points, locations or
schedule entries by selecting them in the navigator.

• Select a level in the navigator from which you wish to

remove recordings (e.g. select the entire folder or an
individual machine or location) then from the main menu
select Database>Data Thinning.

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 • Step1: Select an option for removing recordings (e.g. the
currently selected navigator item).
Step 2: Choose how many recordings you want to keep over
a specified period. Use the drop-down boxes and type
numbers into the blank fields to complete this sentence: "For
recordings older than X days/months..., keep one recording
per X minutes/hours...".
Example: "For recordings older than 2 days, keep one
recording per 6 hours".
You can specify additional periods by clicking Add Row. Any
additional rows must have a time defined further in the past
than the preceding rows.
Example:
"For recordings older than 2 days, keep one recording per 6
hours"
"For recordings older than 2 weeks..."
"For recordings older than 2 months..."

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 Note: Add Row and Delete Row will always add or delete the
bottom row.

• To keep all baseline recordings or those that have notes or

remarks associated with them, tick the 'Keep baseline
recordings' of 'Keep recordings with notes or remarks'
checkboxes.

• Step 3: Click View to see the specific schedule entries and

number of recordings that will be deleted, and the total
number of recordings that exist for that schedule entry. (The
Thin Data button will not become active until you view the
records.)

• Click Close to close this window then make any changes to

your thinning criteria if necessary.

• Step 4: If you wish to backup your database before

removing recordings, tick the box and specify where the
backup should be stored by either entering the file path or
using the button to navigate to a backup folder. When
you are ready click Thin Data.
Notes:
If you make a mistake you can use Database>Restore>Restore
from Backup to restore the data using the backup file you made in
the last step.

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 If a recording that has a corresponding multi channel recording is
marked to be kept then these recordings will be kept. This does not
guarantee that orbit plots will be preserved. Orbit plots may only
contain an x axis or a y axis after thinning.

Backing up a Database
A backup of your database provides a 'known good point' to revert
back to should your database ever become corrupted. The entire
database of information should be backed up regularly to avoid the
risk of data loss.

• To back up the database choose Database>Backup Now!

from the main menu.
Backup files are automatically named with the date and time that the
backup was performed, and include the name of the database that
the backup file was taken from.
Note: We recommend that you save copies of your backup files onto
a network server or to CD-ROM, in case of computer hard disk
failure.
Carrying out automatic periodic backups
The Backup Options window is where you can set options for
creating and deleting backup files automatically and also restore a
database from a backup file.

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 • To access this window choose Database>Backup Options.

• Select a compression method from the drop-down box and

choose other options as required.
Setting the 'Days without backup before reminder is displayed' option
to a value less than two and enabling the 'Start automatically' option
will cause backups to be taken every 15 minutes when the software
is idle (not recommended).

• Click Backup Now! if you want to backup the database

immediately then click OK when you are finished.

Changing your Backup Directory

The backup files are stored by default in a folder named 'Backup' in
the directory that the software was installed into.

• To change this path choose Database>Backup Options...

then click the 'Files' tab.

• Type your new path into the 'Backup Directory' field or click
Browse and navigate to the location you would like your
backups stored.

Backing up Files to a Shared Network Folder

To specify a shared network folder for backups, follow the
instructions in the previous topic for changing the backup folder and
enter the network path using the following format:
\\ServerName\share_name\file_path

Restoring a Database
If your computer's hard disk fails or your database becomes
corrupted you will need to select your latest backup file and restore
the Ascent database.

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 • From the main menu select Database>Restore>Restore
from Backup or, to create a new factory default database,
Database>Restore>Restore from Factory Default.

• If you selected Restore from Backup click Browse to

navigate to a specific backup file then click Open then Next
>. You will not be asked to select a database if you chose
Restore from Factory Default.

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 • Check that the backup file chosen is correct, then click
Finish. The restore process will now proceed; some
windows and progress bars will appear.
Note: The backup will overwrite your active database. Any
recordings that have been taken since the last backup will not be in
this file and will therefore be lost.

Database Optimization
The database engine used by the software stores the entire
database in a .GDB or .FDB file (database file). This section
describes how to ensure that the .GDB or .FDB file is being used
efficiently.
Where to store the .GDB/.FDB files
The database file must be stored on a hard disk local to the
computer that is running the database server. On Windows XP and
Vista systems there is a feature called 'System Restore' that will
track modifications to your system setup by monitoring changes to
files in non-document folders. If the .GDB or .FDB file is not stored in
a document folder System Restore will log all changes to that file,
causing the software to slow down during database access. A
document folder is any folder that belongs to the Documents and
Settings folder on the hard disk. Any other folder, such as a folder
within the Program Files folder, will be subject to System Restore.
To get around the System Restore problem, save your database file
(.GDB or .FDB file) in a folder within the My Documents folder, rather
than in Program Files.
Example:
• Start the software.

• Backup the database.

• On the toolbar click Database>Create Database>Create

from Backup.

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 • Click Browse then browse to a a backup to restore from.
Ensure the newest is used. Click Next > then Browse.
Navigate to your My Documents folder and save the
database there with a name of your choice. Go to My
Documents by clicking the drop-down box at the top of the
screen.

• Click Next and check that the file paths specified are correct.
Click Finish.
The original database file will still remain in the original position for
you to manage (delete or save after the change).
It is worth following the above instructions to re-locate the database
for optimal performance.

Reducing Database Size

Backing up and restoring a database can help reduce the size of the
database and increase its speed. Unused space in the database file
is reclaimed and the data is de-fragmented.

• Create a backup of the database by selecting

Database>Backup Now!

• Now create a new database. On the toolbar click

Database>Create Database>Create from Backup.

• Select the new backup file you created before and save this
over the top of the existing one.

Rebuilding a Database
Rebuilding a database re-indexes the tables and re-orders items so
that database accessing is more efficient. After many records have
been added or deleted from the database you may be able to get a
slight improvement in database speed by rebuilding the database
indexes.

• From the main menu select Database>Rebuild Database to

perform this operation.

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 Section 10: Handling Large
Amounts of Data with Views
Walk-through: Creating Your Own
Views
The Ascent software lets you create your own customized views to
display data in any combination of ways. For example, you can
create a view that plots a stacked chart of the last 4 velocity spectra
on the left of the screen, and a trend of the last 50 overall RMS
measurements on the right of the screen. You can specify whether
you want alarms, notes and chart remarks to be visible on your
custom view and set axes to use the units of your choice. You can
even specify a 'target' to apply your custom view to e.g. to plot data
from an entire machine or individual points, locations etc on a
selected machine.
Note: If you have any trouble creating a specific view for your needs,
please contact [email protected] with details of the kind of view
you are trying to build. We will be happy to assist you.
The process for creating a view can be summarized as follows:

• Create an empty view.

• Create a layout for that view by splitting the screen into

segments if desired.

• Add components such as a report or chart to the view.

• Set a 'target' for the view (if desired) so that it can be applied
to a specific navigator item. The default target for a view is
the schedule entry but you can change this so that your view
can be applied at the machine, point or location level.

• Further customize the view if desired by including/excluding

details such as notes, and restrict the amount or type of data
that can be displayed (set the number of recordings to plot,
only display velocity data etc).

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 Note: Another good way to make a view is to start with a view that
already exists then use View>Save View As to give it a new name
and build on it from there. This technique is explained shortly in
Saving Changes to a View (page 286).
You can design as many views as you want. The following
walk-through will guide you through the basic steps of setting up a
combined Waterfall and Trend view. The waterfall chart will plot the
last 6 recordings only, while the trend chart will plot all available
recordings. When this task is complete, we will explore some of the
more detailed features that can be included in a view.

• First, open a folder containing some recordings so that you

will have some data to plot as you create the view.

• From the main menu, choose View>Create new View.

• Enter the title 'Waterfall Trend' for this new view then click
OK. This title, without spaces, is also used by default as the
file name (WaterfallTrend.av) for this view in the Autoview
folder.
You will now have an empty view (a blank chart or report) that is
ready to accept components. The Select Auto View Component
window will be open in the middle of the screen.

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 Note: The components shown in this window may differ from those
on your PC as the software will only display the features you are
licensed to use.
The Select Auto View Component window contains all the basic
components for building your views. Selecting an item will display a
description of it in the right-hand pane of the window. Select some
components now and read their descriptions so that you can learn
more about what can be displayed in a view.
The first component we will add to our view is a splitter so that we
can 'split' the screen into two parts. We will put the trend chart on top
and the waterfall on the bottom.

• From the Select Auto View Component window, choose

Splitter then click OK. The label 'Click here to add a
component to this splitter' will be displayed in the middle of
the screen.
Now we need to tell the splitter how we want the screen to be split -
this can be top to bottom or left to right.

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 • Right-click the chart and select Layout Top-Bottom. This
will split the screen into two halves so that we can add our
trend and waterfall charts. (The split will not become visible
until we add a component.)
Now we will add our first chart to the view.

• Right-click anywhere in the empty view and choose Set Top

Component.

• From the Select Auto View Component window choose

Trend (under Vibration Views) then click OK. This will place
a trend chart at the top of our view.

The trend chart is empty because we haven't selected any data to

plot. You can test your view now if you want by single-clicking a
schedule entry (double-clicking the schedule entry will plot the latest
recording).
If you right-click within the trend chart, the shortcut menu will display
a list of options for further customizing this view - but we won't apply
any of these just yet!

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 When you are ready we will add the waterfall chart to our view.

• Click the empty bottom half of the screen to open the Select
Auto View Component window.

• Choose Spectrum then click OK.

We will now modify this spectrum to turn it into a waterfall chart.

• Right-click the empty spectrum and choose Chart

Display>Waterfall.

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 • Right-click the empty spectrum again and choose Set plot
limit.

• Enter a value of 6 then click OK. This will restrict our

waterfall chart to displaying only 6 recordings.

• Now test your view again. Right-click the empty spectrum

and select Waterfall Trend (Parent)>Update. (Alternatively
select a different schedule entry - make sure it has
recordings - as this will also update the view).
Your view should look something like this.

• Now that we know it is working correctly we will save this

view. From the main menu choose View>Save.
We are almost finished but there is one final step, which is to add our
new view to the appropriate view list. If you click the Report button
on the toolbar, you will find your Waterfall Trend view listed there.
Because our view is a chart, it would be better to place the Waterfall
Trend view under the Chart button.

• From the main menu, choose View>Category>Charts. This

moves the view to the Chart button.

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 • From the main menu choose View>Save.

• Now click the Chart button. You will see your view listed
there.
With our first view complete, we can now look at some of the other
ways that the view can be customized.
Tips
• To make the view fill the entire screen press F11 on your
keyboard. Press the same key to resize the view.

• To rename the view, open it by selecting it from the Chart

drop-down list, then choose View>Save View As, and enter
a new name.

• To move a view from Report to the Chart button (or vice

versa), open the view then choose View>Category and
make the appropriate selection. Choose View>Save to save
the view in this location.

• If you want to delete the new view, open it then choose

View>Delete.

Definitions of AutoView Components

The Ascent AutoView components are all fully customizable. Once
you have added one to your view you can use the right-click shortcut
menus to select options and make adjustments. In the next few
pages we will take a closer look at the AutoView components,
explaining what they are and how you can customize them.

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 Building Blocks
Building blocks are used to divide your screen up into sections so
that you can place displayable components where you want e.g. side
by side or stacked on top of each other.
Panel
May contain any number of other components (including more
panels). Use panels to help arrange the AutoView components. (Do
this by dividing the panels into sections using a splitter.)
Splitter
Contains up to two components side by side or one on top of the
other.
Selector
Provides a drop-down box for selecting a 'target' navigator item e.g.
a machine, location or schedule entry. Also used as a filtering
mechanism to restrict the data that is displayed. You can filter the
data by axis e.g. only show recordings taken on the horizontal axis;
by measurement type e.g. only show recordings taken in
acceleration; or by domain e.g. only show demodulation recordings.

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 Vibration Views
Vibration views are the 'normal' vibration charts such as spectra and
waveforms. Once added to a view they can be further customized by
setting plot limits, choosing a chart mode (stacked, waterfall) or
adjusting the axes etc.
Spectrum
Displays the most recent spectra from the selected schedule entry.
Waveform
Displays the most recent waveform from the selected schedule entry.
Trend
Displays a trends of overall values, alarm levels, numeric data etc.
The data displayed is user-selectable. (Select a data type by
right-clicking the chart and selecting Data Types.)
Spectrum/Waveform
First tries to display spectra from the selected schedule entry in the
navigator. If none are found, tries to display waveforms. For best
performance use the Waveform or Spectrum component where
possible instead of this general purpose one.

Reports
Reports
This option is provided for advanced SQL users only. This is a
completely configurable HTML report based on SQL queries on the
database. To create the SQL report right-click the blank report and
select Edit Report Definition.
Notes:
Displays machine, point, location, and measurement notes
applicable to the current selection, looking back a maximum
specified number of days. To set the number of days, right-click the
report and enter the required number of days into the dialog box.
Balancing Report
Displays the latest balancing report for the selected machine.

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 Text Based Trend
Displays a table of trend values e.g. alarm band levels, spectrum
overalls etc. This report has a similar structure to the Last 8
Measurements report.
Exception Report
Displays a summary of alarms at each machine.

Analysis
Frequency Based Waveform Analysis
A two-section chart used to analyze waveforms. The chart displays a
time waveform in the lower half and plots a spectrum of this
recording in the upper half. Use the mouse to click and drag a range
of frequencies in the spectrum and the software will filter out only
those frequencies in the waveform and display the filtered waveform
underneath.
Partial Waveform Analysis
A two-section chart that lets you select a portion of a time waveform
and convert it into a spectrum. The chart displays a time waveform in
the upper half and plots a spectrum of this recording in the lower
half. Use the mouse to click and drag a range of samples and the
spectrum of that section will be shown in the bottom chart.

Customizing Your View Further

The displayable components of a chart or report can be fully
customized in the same way as a regular chart or report. For
example, on a chart you can set the axis units, choose to display a
stacked or waterfall chart, make the alarm bands and envelopes
visible, and display baseline RMS values etc. Many of these shortcut
menu options are explained in Using Charts (page 96).

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 Main chart display menu

Shortcut menus are sensitive to selection, meaning that when you

right-click an item the shortcut menu will contain commands that are
applicable to that item. Right-clicking a chart in a view will open the
main chart display menu. If you right-click on a special part of a
chart, such as an alarm band, this will open a sub-menu containing
commands specific to alarm bands. The bottom of this sub-menu will
have an option called Other, which allows you to access the main
chart display menu again.

Assigning Keyboard Shortcuts

Some of the default views have shortcut keys assigned to them e.g.
pressing the F7 key opens the SpecTrend view. You can assign
shortcuts to your own views so that they can be opened from the
keyboard as well as accessed from the Chart button.

• With your view open, select View>Set Shortcut, from the

main menu. This opens the Select Shortcut window, which
contains a list of available key combinations that can be
assigned to your view.

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 • Select a keyboard shortcut from the drop-down list and click
OK.

• Now close the view by pressing the top-right close button.

Click Yes when you are prompted to save changes.

• Test the shortcut by pressing your chosen key combination

to open the view.
Tip: If you forget the shortcut keys for a view, click the Chart button
to see the list of views and their assigned shortcuts.

Re-using Part of an Existing View

Re-using components from existing views can save setup time,
especially if a component has been extensively customized. You can
copy and re-use a component within the same view, so that further
adjustments can be made to the copied item, or you can copy a
component from an existing view and re-use it in a new view.

• Open both the view you want to copy the component from
and the view you wish to copy the component to. Ensure that
you have an empty space to place the copied component
(split the panel to create a space).

• Right-click the component you wish to copy and choose

Component Functions>Copy Component. This saves the
component temporarily in memory so that you can retrieve it
later.

• If necessary, click the view tab at the bottom-left corner of

the navigator to display the view where you will paste this
component. Right-click the empty panel and choose the
appropriate Set Component option (left, right, top or
bottom).

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 A dialog box will appear asking 'Would you like to use the Control
that is on the clipboard?'

• Click OK to paste the copied component into the view.

Saving Changes to a View

Because the software does not save changes to any view until you
tell it to, you can make temporary changes to any view (including the
system-defined ones) to change the way your data displays on a
chart or report. This might only be a small change such as changing
the left axis units or hiding alarm bands to increase the size of your
display area. When you close the view, the software will ask you if
you want to save the changes - click No to discard all changes.
Alternatively, if you have made a lot of adjustments you might decide
that it is worthwhile keeping this view intact, but you also want to
keep the original view too. This can be achieved using Save View
As. This option allows you to make as many changes to a view as
you like and then save the new view under a different name.

• To do this, choose View>Save View As then enter a name

for the new view.
Save View As allows you to use any of the system-defined default
views or any of your own views as a starting point to create new
ones. For example, you could plot a spectrum, then use
View>Component Functions>Split Left-Right, to create a new
blank panel on the right of the screen. You could then add
components to the blank panel and further customize the layout
before saving the view under a different name.
Restoring the system default views
• If you save changes to one of the system defined views,
these can be undone at any time by choosing View>Reset
Default Views.

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 This will restore any system defined views to their original format.
When you click Yes to confirm, if you have any user-defined views,
you will be asked whether you want to delete these as part of the
restore process.

• Choose No to keep any user-defined views or Yes to delete

these.
Changing the file name
When you name a view, the .av file (view file) that is created in the
Autoview folder (by default) uses the same name as the view, minus
any spaces and special characters. The .av file can be renamed
independently of the view so that the file uses a different name from
the one that appears in the Chart drop-down list.

• To rename the .av file, open your view and select View>Set
ID.

• Enter a new name then click OK.

Using a Selector
When you open a view to plot data, often there will be more than one
set of data that could be displayed on a chart, so the software will
choose one by default. A Selector is a drop-down list at the top of a
chart that allows you to select the data you want to display in that
chart. The list contains measurements, (or locations, schedule
entries etc) that match the criteria that you specify. This could be
something like 'include in the selector list, all locations that have
demodulation data'. When you select an item in the navigator tree
the selector will create a list similar to the one below.

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 To see an example of how selectors are used, choose a point that
has several measurement locations (or select an entire machine or
folder) then open the Vel+Demod view (Chart>Vel+Demod).
Because this view 'targets' measurement locations (axes) to decide
what data to plot, the selectors will appear because there is more
than one location to choose from. Now select a schedule entry. The
selectors will disappear because there is only one 'target' to choose
from (the location that contains this schedule entry).
To include a selector in a view, you must add the selector before
adding the component that it is attached to. You cannot add a
selector directly to an existing report or chart. However, there are
several ways of working around this and these solutions are
described at the end of this topic.
The following method describes how to add a selector to either an
empty view, or an empty panel (i.e. a panel that does not already
contain a component).

• With your view open, choose Selector from the Select Auto
View Component window. If this is not currently open, you
will need to right-click and use one of the Set Component
commands.

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 • Now choose the type of component that will display the data
listed in the selector e.g. a chart. Right-click the empty panel,
choose Create child component then select a component
from the list. Alternatively, click the grey panel to open the
Select Auto View Component window then select a
component.

Selector with a chart child component

The next step is to tell the selector what type of data to look for and
where to look for it. These options are contained within the selector
shortcut menu.
Note: The menu item 'Selector1' is the default name chosen for the
first selector. If a selector has been created previously (by you or
someone else) this name will be different e.g. 'Selector2'.

• Right-click the component and move the mouse to Selector1

(Parent).

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 The sub-menu attached to Selector1 (Parent) gives you options for
choosing what the selector will 'select'. Move the mouse over each
sub-menu item in turn, from Target downwards, to get an idea of
how these options are used.

• First, choose a 'target' for this part of the view. The target is
the navigator item that you want the selector to 'select' e.g.
machine, point, schedule entry etc. When you click a
navigator item, the selector will list all the targets under this
item.
For example, if you choose 'location' as your target, clicking a point
will cause the selector to list all the locations at this point that contain
the data that you have chosen to display in your chart or report. If
you click a machine, the selector will list all locations on this
machine. Clicking a folder will list all locations in this folder.
You can restrict the data listed in the selector by choosing items in
the axis, units and domain sub-menus. For example, right-click and
choose Selector1 (Parent)>Restrict to units>Acceleration. This
will force the selector to only list schedule entries that specify
acceleration data.

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 The final step is to set the 'default' data for this component. The
default specifies which data from all the available targets is displayed
in your chart or report (until you make a selection in the selector).
These options are listed in the Select by default sub-menu.

• To set a default selection, right-click and choose Selector1

(Parent)>Select by default then choose one of the menu
items. The default item becomes the first item listed in the
selector.
An example is to set the target to schedule entry, and the default to
'Worst alarm state'. When you select a folder/machine/point/location,
all schedule entries that belong to it will be listed in the selector but
the schedule entry with the worst alarm state will be selected by
default (i.e. this schedule entry is listed first in the selector, and the
displayed chart or report will show data from this schedule entry).

• When your selector is complete, test it by selecting an item

in the navigator. Press the keyboard spacebar to jump from
one target to the next in navigator tree (or use the Previous
and Next buttons).

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 Note: The 'natural order' that machines and points appear in the
navigator tree is the order in which they are created (this is also the
order in which they are sent to the instrument). You can change this
'natural' order using Screen>Sort Navigator by Alarms or
Screen>Sort Tree Alphabetically. When choosing the default target
for the selector, the 'first' and 'last' default target options refer to the
position of the target in its 'natural' order (its position when first
created). If the navigator tree has been re-ordered the position of the
'first' and 'last' targets may change from their original creation order,
so the selector may choose different 'first' or 'last' targets to those
you expect.
Adding a selector to an existing chart or report
To add a selector to an existing view, you can split the view, thereby
creating an empty space for the selector and component to be
placed. Alternatively, if you don't want to change the layout of your
view, you can use the copy and paste functions to remove and then
replace a component after adding a selector. Copy holds the
component in memory so that you can delete it from a view without
permanently removing it. After adding a selector, paste puts the
component back into its original place. This technique is
recommended if you have spent a lot of time customizing a chart or
report and don't wish to re-create it from the beginning.

• With your view open, right-click the component you wish to

add a selector to and choose Component Functions>Copy
Component. This saves the component temporarily in
memory so that you can retrieve it later.

• Now delete the component. Right-click the component and

choose Component Functions>Delete.
If the view contained only one component, e.g. a single chart, you
will now have an empty view. If there was more than one component,
the remaining components will now expand to fill the whole screen.
In this case you will have to re-split the view to create space for the
selector.

• If you have to split the screen, do this now. Right-click and

choose Component Functions>Split Top-Bottom (or
Left-Right).

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 • Add the selector to the empty panel. Right-click and choose
one of the Set Component options (top, bottom, left or right)
then choose Selector from the Select Auto View Component
window.

• With your selector in place, you can now paste the deleted
component back into position. Right-click the panel under the
selector and choose Component Functions>Paste
Component.
The selector can now be customized as described earlier in this
topic.

Assigning the Priority and Target

When you create a view you have control over its behavior in the
view system. For example, you can specify what data types the view
is applicable to and whether your view will be opened as the default
action when you double-click an item to plot data.
The views that appear in the Chart drop-down list are each assigned
a 'priority' value. When you double-click an item in the navigator, if
several views could be used to plot the data, the view with the
highest priority will be used by default. For example, double-clicking
a frequency domain measurement will open a spectrum by default
(rather than the SpecTrend or SpecStack views) as this view has the
highest priority for frequency data.

• With your custom view open, from the main menu choose
View>Icon and Target.

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 • Select the data types that are applicable to this view (i.e.
time or frequency domain data) and also the navigator
item(s), such as schedule entries, that will open this view
when double-clicked.

• Assign a priority value to this view. This can be any integer

value e.g. 20 or 150.

• Select a 'target' for this view. The target is the item the
navigator will jump to when you use the Previous and Next
buttons. For example, if you select Measurement Locations
as the data type, clicking Next will take you to the next
location in the navigator and plot the data at that location.

• Select a menu icon that will appear in the Chart drop-down

menu.

• Click Save to finish.

Tip: To get a better idea of how to set the behavior of your view,
open one of the factory default views and choose View>Icon and
Target. This will display the data types, priority and target for that
view.

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 • If you plot data using a view other than the default, you can
open the default view by right-clicking the assigned target
and selecting Open Default View.
Note: The Add, Edit, and Delete buttons are not currently used and
are included for future compatibility.

Designing a View Layout

A view may consist of a single chart or report or it can be made up of
many parts. When you create views that consist of more than one
component, you will need to define a layout so that the software
knows where you want your components to be placed. To create a
layout you need to use Panels and Splitters as building blocks to
divide the view into parts.
A panel can be thought of as a blank canvas that you place
displayable components, such as charts and reports, onto. A splitter
is used to 'split' the panels into halves so that more than one
component can be displayed. The 'Waterfall Trend' chart created in
the walk-through consisted of only a single panel split in two, but you
can create views with as many parts as you like.
The following diagram demonstrates how a view can be built up by
splitting a panel in two, adding a panel to each half then splitting
those panels in turn and repeating the process.

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 Empty view showing multiple split panels

You can split a panel left-to-right or top-to-bottom to organize the

components of a view in any manner you like. You may find it useful
when creating multi-part views, to first sketch out on paper where
you would like the parts to be, and then use panels and splitters to
create the view layout.
The process for creating a multi-part layout is as follows:

• With your empty view open, add your first component to the
view, e.g. a chart. By default this will fill the whole screen.
An empty view already has a panel as its base so that
components can be placed directly onto it.

• Now create a space to add other components. You will need

to choose whether to split the base panel from left to right or
top to bottom e.g. right-click and choose Component
Functions>Split Left-Right.
Your first component will fill half the screen while the other half
remains blank until a component is added to it. Nothing will be
displayed yet as no data is selected.

• Set a component for the empty part of the screen i.e. click
anywhere in the empty half to open the Select Auto View
Component window, then select a component of your choice.
This can be a displayable component such as a report, note
or chart, or another panel so that you can split the layout
again.
You can further sub-divide the view by adding and splitting panels to
create a four-part view or split just one panel to make a three-part
view. The view can be as complex or simple as you want it to be.
Because components can be stacked on top of each other, e.g. a
base panel containing several components, if you delete the bottom
panel this will also delete all the components on top of it.

• To delete a component, right-click on that component and

choose Component Functions>Delete.

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 How Parts of a View Fit Together
Before we explore the options for manipulating a layout, let's take a
closer look at how the parts of a view fit together.

• Click the Chart button and open the SpecTrend view.

• Right-click the spectrum, taking care not to click a special

item such as an alarm band or note (we are trying to open
the chart shortcut menu, not one of the special item menus).
Halfway down you will see these menu items.

The 'Component Functions' menu item contains a sub-menu of

options for working directly with a component. Right-clicking a
component in a view will access this menu directly.

Splitter1 (Parent) contains two 'child' components (the spectrum

chart and the trend chart). Its sub-menu contains commands for
placing child components within the splitter. The Splitter1 (Parent)
sub-menu contains its own Component Functions item for working
with the splitter component e.g. copy, rename or delete the splitter.
Splitting a splitter component will re-size it to only fill half of the
space. This creates an empty area for you to add new components.

• Try splitting a splitter now so that you can see the effect.
From this menu choose Splitter1 (Parent)>Component
Functions>Split Left-Right. You will be able to undo this
split when you close the view by clicking No when prompted
to save changes to the view.

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 Note: If you delete a splitter, any child components will also be
deleted as they are contained within the splitter.
SpecTrend (Parent) is the name of the view. All the components
(the trend chart, the spectrum and the splitter) are contained within
this 'parent'. Its sub-menu contains commands for working with the
view as a whole, such as setting its target, updating and saving the
view. The SpecTrend (Parent) sub-menu contains its own
Component Functions item so that you can rename the view or add
more components.

• From this sub-menu, select Design.

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 Design mode shows you the underlying structure of a view. You can
create your views in Design mode if you prefer, as all the right-click
menus are available here. Design mode is useful if you are making
changes to a complex view as it shows you how the view has been
put together (what components are contained within others).

• Turn off Design mode. Right-click the spectrum and select

SpecTrend (Parent)>Design.

Changing a Layout
The commands for manipulating a component, e.g. delete, copy, split
etc can all be accessed by clicking that component, and choosing
Component Functions.

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 When you add components to a view, the software assigns them a
default name e.g. Splitter1, Selector1, Panel1 etc. The instructions in
this topic will use the default names but be aware that these may
differ from what you see on your computer.
Note: Several items in the Component Functions sub-menu are
included for the purpose of backward compatibility and will only be
visible when other options are selected first. In previous versions of
the software the options Set Alignment, Set Size and Set Position
were used to create the layout of a view. Splitters are now used in
place of these positioning options.
Adding a new component
To add a new component to a view, you must first split the view to
create an empty space to place your component in.

• Right-click the component that will be split and choose

Component Functions>Split Left-Right (or Top-Bottom).

• Right-click the empty panel, choose the appropriate Set

Component option (left, right, top or bottom) then select a
component to add.
Swapping the positions of two components
When two components are sitting on the same split panel, e.g. two
charts stacked one above the other, you can swap their positions
around.

• Right-click one of the components and choose Splitter1

(Parent)>Switch.
The reason that you cannot select a component directly and use the
switch command is because both components are contained within
'Splitter1'. Therefore they must be accessed through this component.
Renaming a component
If you are building multi-part views that contain many panels, splitters
and selectors etc, it can be useful to rename these components so
they can be more easily identified. After renaming, when you
right-click a component the new name will appear in the menu
instead of the default.

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 • Right-click a component and choose Component
Functions>Rename, then enter a new name and click OK.
Resizing a component
• Resize sections of a multi-part view by moving the cursor
over a separating border until the cursor turns to a
double-headed arrow, then drag up-down or left-right.

Unsplitting a view (deleting components)

If you have split a panel but not yet added any components you can
unsplit it. If components have already been added, remove the one
you don't want. Deleting a component removes the split and the
remaining component will expand to fill the space.

• To unsplit a panel, right-click the empty part (the grey area)

and choose Unsplit.

• To delete a component, right-click it and choose

Component Functions>Delete.

Deleting a View
• To delete any view, open the view and select View>Delete
from the main menu.

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 Section 11: Using the Machine
Builder Wizard
Note: This feature will only be available to you if it is included as part
of your license agreement. If you wish to enable this feature please
contact [email protected] or your distributor for more
information.

Introduction
The Machine Builder Wizard automates the process of building
machines by stepping you through the machine setup process and
creating appropriate points, locations, schedule entries and alarms
based on the information you supply.
The Wizard implements several ISO standard alarms for assessing
overall RMS levels, and also The Proven Method from Technical
Associates of Charlotte, P.C. The Proven Method defines up to six
power band alarms per point for your machine, based on the
machine classification and information such as rotational speed,
number of gear teeth and blades etc.
Whichever alarm standard you use, the process is essentially the
same. You will specify the type of machine to build, then the alarms
will be built for you. The ISO standards require less detailed
information; however the alarm bands generated are 'overall' alarm
bands only. The Proven Method requires more detailed information
about the machine and generates correspondingly more detailed
alarm bands targeted at specific components of the machine.
The rest of this section is presented as a walk-through of how to use
the Machine Builder Wizard. We will use The Proven Method to
create power band alarms that will be used to monitor a
direct-coupled pump.

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 Walk-through: The Proven Method
This is the direct-coupled pump we will be monitoring.

• Click the Build button on the toolbar. Alternatively select

Alarms>TA & ISO Alarm Creator from the main menu.
The Machine Builder Wizard is presented in the form of HTML-style
documents. Clicking the blue underlined ISO standard or Proven
Method links will walk you through the setup process for creating
machines with pre-defined alarms and alarm thresholds.

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 • If you want to create your own machines and alarms, click
Manual Build Mode to exit the Machine Builder Wizard. This
will open a machine placeholder structure in the navigator
tree so you can manually set up your machines, points and
locations etc as described in Creating Machines Using Build
Mode (page 35).
First you need to select the measurements units to use.

• Click the Set Wizard Units link at the bottom of the screen.
For this walk-through we will use in/sec Ø-pk and CPM.

• If you want to choose other units, select these from the

drop-down boxes then click Set these units.

• Click the Return to index link to re-display the Machine

Builder Wizard screen.

• Click The Proven Method 4th Edition link to continue.

Overall Condition Rating

The first step in The Proven Method is to determine an overall
condition rating for the machine. This gives overall vibration levels for
GOOD, FAIR and ALARM operation that will be broken down into
individual alarm bands in the next section.

• To make the forms fill the entire screen, press F11 to toggle
full-screen mode. (To return the screen to normal size press
F11 again).

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 To select an overall condition rating, first examine the list of machine
types to find one that best describes your machine. Next look at the
GOOD, FAIR and ALARM thresholds listed for this machine. If these
thresholds seem suitable for the machine you are monitoring, select
this machine and continue. Otherwise, you can adjust these
thresholds now.

• To adjust the alarm thresholds to use higher (or lower)

values, enter a value in 'All ratings are currently % higher
than normal', then click Update. This will re-set every value
in the table.
If you cannot find a machine type that matches yours, you can set
the overall condition manually.

• To set manual thresholds, enter your values into the Manual

Entry fields at the bottom of the page then click GO.

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 Note that no matter which overall condition rating you select, the
remaining steps in The Proven Method will be the same. The
machine type you select specifies numerical values that are
substituted into behind-the-scenes equations in the next stage.
The selection that best describes our machine is General Purpose
Horizontal Pump – Direct Coupled (under Centrifugal Pumps in the
machine list).

• Click on this link to continue.

Selecting Cases
The machine you selected, along with its alarm thresholds, is
displayed at the top of the screen. At this stage you are given a
selection of 'Cases'. Each of these cases will create different alarm
band setups suited to the machine component that they describe.
Almost all machines will have either Case A or Case B
measurements on the bearing housings. The remaining cases are for
more specialized measurements.

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 We know the number of vanes on the pump (8), so you will use
CASE G TYPE 1 on the pump bearings.
The motor is an AC Induction Motor so you will use cases E and F
on the motor itself.
If we wanted to monitor a simple bearing point, we would use Case A
or B. Case G incorporates information for the bearing, so we will not
need to use Case A or B in this example.

Case G Type 1: Driven Centrifugal Component

with Known Number of Vanes (or Blades) and
Rolling Element Bearings
• Click on the link for CASE G type 1.

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 • The tick boxes on the top-right of the form allow you to
choose which alarm levels to apply. Tick all the boxes.
Enter the following information into the form.

• Typical machine RPM is 3000.

• Number of blades is 8.

• The bearings are ball bearings (All other bearing types).

Click the radio box to select this option.

• Click Continue.

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 The software now performs all of the calculations defined in the
Proven Method to give you specific alarm bands for this
measurement point. This step would normally take several minutes
to complete if you were using The Proven Method document
manually (you would need a pencil, a calculator and time).
The results of the calculations are summarized in a table at the
bottom of the screen (you will need to scroll down to see this).

At this stage you have the choice of applying the alarm bands to an
existing machine, or creating a new machine and point. To use a
point on an existing machine you would need to select it in the
navigator before filling out the form. For this walk-through you will
create a new machine for the alarm bands to apply to. You may need
to use the scroll bar on the right of your screen to see the lower part
of the form.

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 • Type 'Pump #3' in the first blank field then click Create
Machine. This machine will now appear in the navigator
tree.

• The default point name is 'Bearing Housing'. Change this to

'Pump Inboard' and leave the tick box ticked to create this
new point.

• Leave the tick boxes ticked for Step 3 on the form to create
horizontal, vertical and axial locations at this point.

• Click Create Alarm & Measurement. Your navigator tree

will now look like this.

We will now create a second point that uses the same settings.

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 • In the Machine Builder Wizard, change the point name to
'Pump Outboard' and click Create Alarm & Measurement
again.
Your navigator tree will now look like this.

Cases E and F: AC Induction Motor

These two cases will define special measurements to detect
problems specific to AC induction motors.

• Click the Return to Case selection link at the bottom of the

Machine Builder Wizard form to return to the Case Selection
screen.

• Under 'AC Induction Motors', click the CASE E link.

Case E requires no specific information in order to create its alarm

bands. The alarm level choice does not affect the alarm thresholds
themselves, it only determines what kind of alarm (Warning, Alert or
Danger) is raised when these fixed thresholds are exceeded.

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 • Leave the Alarm Type as 'Alert' and click Continue.
The Machine Builder Wizard is now ready to create alarm bands and
schedule entries on your machine. This measurement should be
taken on the Outboard Bearing, Horizontal point, as indicated on the
form.

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 • You are going to add these alarm bands to the same
machine so select 'Pump #3' in the navigator.

• For Step 2, Change the point name to 'Motor Outboard' and

click Create Alarm & Measurement. This will create a new
point for 'Pump #3' called 'Motor Outboard'.

• Click the Return to Case Selection link.

• Under 'AC Induction Motors' click CASE F.

You are now asked to enter information to create alarms for the
inboard bearing.

• Enter the electrical AC line frequency as 50 Hz and leave the

Alarm Type as 'Alert'.

• Click Continue. The software is now ready to generate

alarm bands and measurements.

• You are going to add these alarm bands to the same

machine so select 'Pump #3' in the navigator.

• Change the point name to 'Motor Inboard' and click Create

Alarm & Measurement.
Your navigator tree will now look like this.

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 • Click the Return to Case selection link at the bottom of the
Machine Builder Wizard form to return to the Case Selection
screen.

Case A: General Rolling Element Bearing

Components Without Vanes
The Case E and F measurements do not look for bearing problems.
For this we will use Case A.

• Under 'General Purpose', click the CASE A link.

You are going to add these alarm bands and schedule entries to the
'Motor Inboard' and 'Motor Outboard' points that have already been
created.

• Leave the bearing type as ball bearing and click Continue.

• Un-tick 'Create a new Point' and select the 'Motor Inboard'

point in the navigator tree.

• Leave all settings as they are and click Create Alarm &
Measurement. Now select the 'Motor Outboard' point and
click this button again.

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 • Close the Machine Builder Wizard by clicking the button
in the top-right corner.
Your final machine structure will look like this.

Note: In the example, the schedule entries are hidden to make the
structure clearer.

• Select one of the schedule entries in the navigator tree. The

associated alarm icons will display in the navigator list.

With the machine structure complete, you can now create a route
and send this folder to the instrument for data collection.

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 Tip: If this is a common machine type, it is a good idea at this stage
to right-click on the machine and add it to the library so that this
template can be retrieved and re-used in the future. See Storing
Re-usable Components in the Library (page 227), for more
information.

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 Section 12: Using Statistical
Alarms
Note: This feature will only be available to you if it is included as part
of your license agreement. If you wish to enable this feature please
contact [email protected] or your distributor for more
information.

Statistical Alarm Overview

ISO standards and The Proven Method provide excellent starting
points for setting alarm thresholds - The Proven Method in particular
is very good. However, once you have a history of data for your
machines, or data on many similar machines, you can use statistical
analysis of that data to generate new alarm thresholds that are
tailored specifically for those machines.
Statistically derived alarms take into account the specific vibratory
characteristics of your machines and will give you more reliable and
accurate alarms that will trigger when (and only when) a machine is
vibrating more than 'normal'. Statistical alarms can be generated for
envelopes, peak bands and power bands. After you have collected a
reasonable amount of data (6-12 surveys) you can fine tune your
existing alarm thresholds using statistical analysis. You can use a
history of data to generate some statistics, or you can do statistics
across a family of similar machines. Machine families are discussed
in depth later in this manual, see Machine Families (page 349).
The following example illustrates how statistically derived alarms can
be used to fine tune existing alarm thresholds on a machine. This
machine uses a number of power band alarms created with The
Proven Method. The chart shows a combined spectrum and trend
chart of the machine before statistics were applied.

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 The bottom trend plot suggests that all but one of the alarms have
thresholds that are set too high - the alarm trends are sitting on the
zero axis and cannot be seen without zooming. The one visible
alarm possibly has its thresholds set too low as this alarm has
already reached Warning level.
Here is the same machine after statistics were used.

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 The alarm thresholds have been re-set to levels that are more
accurate for this machine i.e. the alarms will now trigger if there is
any significant increase in vibration.
The Ascent software comes with a number of pre-defined statistical
alarms that can be applied to your data. Users who want to make
use of the pre-defined statistical alarms, and who do not intend to
create their own, do not need to read the entire section. The
following list of topics is the minimum amount of reading necessary
to get you started (we recommend that you read the rest of the
section once you are comfortable with using the pre-defined
statistical alarms).
• What are Generation Parameters (page 320) - explains how
the software creates statistical alarms
• Applying Pre-defined Alarms (page 321) - step-by-step
instructions for applying the pre-defined alarms to your
machines
• Re-defining Thresholds for Existing Alarms (page 325) -
step-by-step instructions for generating new thresholds for
existing alarms

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 • Updating Alarm Thresholds (page 329) - explains how to
create more accurate and reliable alarm thresholds
If you intend to create your own statistical alarms, or make
adjustments to the pre-defined ones, you will need to read the entire
section - this will give you a thorough understanding of:
• how alarm thresholds are created and adjusted
• the mathematical processes involved
• what data is needed to make statistical threshold
calculations

What are Generation Parameters

When you create statistical alarms, the software needs to know what
type of alarm to create (envelope or band) and at what amplitudes to
set the alarm thresholds. This information is supplied in the
Generation Parameters used to create the alarm. Generation
parameters are statistical alarm templates that specify what settings
will be used to generate statistical alarms for your machines.
For example, a set of generation parameters may specify that the
alarm created will be a band alarm, that the alarm thresholds will be
calculated using a history of collected data, and that thresholds will
be set for Warning, Alert and Danger.

Window showing a selection of pre-defined generation parameters

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 The system-defined generation parameters included in the software
are based on standards from ISO and Technical Associates of
Charlotte, P.C. These will provide excellent starting points for setting
up your statistical alarms. You can use them to create alarms for
machines that do not yet have alarms set up, or to re-define
thresholds for your existing alarms to make them more accurate -
these methods are explained next.

Applying Pre-defined Alarms

Before statistical alarm thresholds can be calculated for your data,
you must first create some alarms. If you have a machine with no
alarms or a machine with alarms that aren't working effectively, you
can create entirely new alarms using the Alarm Wizard.
The Alarm Wizard is an alarm management tool that will create
statistically derived alarms for you with just a few clicks of the
mouse. The process can be described as follows:
• Select a machine to create the alarms for.
• Choose a set of pre-defined generation parameters to apply.
These specify the alarm type (band or envelope) and alarm
thresholds to create.
• Choose which schedule entries will have the alarm applied to
them.
• Specify a frequency range (for band alarms).
When you click OK, the Wizard will analyze your data and build the
alarms at each schedule entry that you choose.
If you are going to use the Alarm Wizard to build new alarms,
envelope alarms are the most effective type to create. If you want
more detailed band alarms with pre-defined frequency ranges use
The Proven Method to create appropriate bands before re-defining
their thresholds using statistics (see Re-defining Thresholds for
Existing Alarms on page 325).
To create and apply the alarms
• Select the machine that you want to build alarms on.

• Click the Alarms button to open the Alarm Wizard. Any

existing alarms will be displayed in this window.

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 • If you wish to delete any existing alarms select them from the
list and click Delete. Click OK to confirm this action then
click the 'Tasks' tab to return to the main screen.

• To create your new alarms click Add then click the

button to open the Alarm Templates window.

• Highlight the generation parameter set you wish to assign to

these alarms then click Select (the descriptive names should
help you to decide which generation parameters are most
suitable). This will open the Alarm Creator window.

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 • Tick the schedule entries you wish to apply the alarms to.

• If you are creating peak or power band alarms you will need
to manually set the frequency range for these alarms. Click
the 'Alarm Band Frequency Range' tab and enter the start
and stop frequency values.

• Click OK to create the new alarms.

Your data will be analyzed and the generation parameters you
selected will be used to create the thresholds for these new alarms.
The Alarm Summary window will display the results of the generation
process.

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 'OK' means that new thresholds were generated.
A black '!' exclamation mark means that thresholds were generated,
however a minimal amount of data was used (the 'Warn if less than'
value hasn't been reached). The 'Warn if less than' value refers to
the number of vibration recordings used as source data for statistical
calculations.
A red '!' exclamation mark means that thresholds were not generated
- either there wasn't enough data or some other error occurred.
The furthest right-hand column contains more information on the
generation process such as how many outliers were rejected and if
there were any suspicious recordings (outliers and suspicious
recordings are explained shortly).

• Click the 'Source Data' tab to see a more detailed

breakdown of the data values used in the generation
process.

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 • Click OK if you wish to save these new thresholds. The
software will create the alarms and write the new thresholds
to the database.
If you click Cancel the alarms will not be changed and you can try
selecting a different set of generation parameters to fine tune the
thresholds before generating them.

Re-defining Thresholds for Existing

Alarms
When you apply generation parameters to existing alarms, their
thresholds are re-calculated using statistical analysis of your
collected data. The generation parameters you select determine how
the thresholds are calculated.

• Select the folder, machine, point, location or schedule entry

that contains the alarms.

• Click the Alarms button on the toolbar. This will open the
Alarm Wizard that allows you to perform actions such as
creating, updating and generating alarm thresholds on all the
selected alarms at once.

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 • Select the alarms whose thresholds you wish to update (hold
down the SHIFT or CTRL keys while clicking with the mouse
to select more than one alarm in the list).

• Click the Template button to open the Alarm Templates

window. The Alarm Templates window contains a list of
currently defined alarm generation parameters that can be
applied to this alarm and will later include any that you define
yourself. If there are no suitable alarm generation
parameters for these alarms 'None' will be displayed.

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 • Highlight the appropriate generation parameter set then click
Select (the descriptive names should help you to decide
which generation parameters are most appropriate).
Note: The suitability of generation parameters is based on the type
of alarm e.g. if you have a band alarm selected, envelope generation
parameters will be hidden.
The Alarm Summary window will display the new alarm information.
An icon besides each row in the threshold summary shows whether
new thresholds were generated successfully for each alarm.

'OK' means that new thresholds were generated.

A black '!' exclamation mark means that thresholds were generated,
however a minimal amount of data was used (the 'Warn if less than'
value hasn't been reached). The 'Warn if less than' value refers to
the number of vibration recordings used as source data for statistical
calculations.
A red '!' exclamation mark means that thresholds were not generated
- either there wasn't enough data or some other error occurred.
The furthest right-hand column contains more information on the
generation process such as how many outliers were rejected and if
there were any suspicious recordings (outliers and suspicious
recordings are explained shortly).

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 • Click the 'Source Data' tab to see a more detailed
breakdown of the data values used in the generation
process.

• Click OK if you wish to save these new thresholds. The

software will write the new thresholds to the database.
If you click Cancel the alarms will not be changed and you can try
selecting a different set of generation parameters to fine tune the
thresholds before generating them.
Re-defining thresholds for a single alarm
• If you wish to update a single alarm using statistics,
double-click a recording to display the alarm on a chart.

• Right-click the alarm on the chart and choose Update

Thresholds.

• Highlight the appropriate generation parameter set then click

Select.

• Click OK to save the new thresholds or Cancel to discard

them.

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 Updating Alarm Thresholds
The accuracy of statistically generated alarm thresholds is
determined largely by the number of recordings used. A larger
number of recordings will give a more accurate estimate of the mean
and standard deviation. As you collect a history of data it is
recommended that you update your alarms periodically (e.g. every
6-12 surveys) so that reliable alarm thresholds can be established.
Whenever thresholds are updated, statistical outliers will be rejected
during the update.
When you update alarms the software will use all recordings
available at that time to generate statistics then perform calculations
on these to determine new thresholds. The number of recordings
used and the locations from which they are sourced will be
determined by the settings of the alarm generation parameters that
you selected when you created the alarms.
You can update multiple alarms simultaneously - this will generate
new thresholds based on the generation parameters assigned to
each alarm.

• Click Alarms to open the Alarm Wizard.

• From this window's menu select the alarms you wish to

update (hold down the SHIFT or CTRL keys while clicking
with the mouse to select more than one alarm in the list).

• From this window's menu select Alarms>Update alarm

from template.
The Alarm Summary window will display showing you whether the
new thresholds were generated successfully for each alarm and
what the new thresholds are.

• Click OK if you wish to save these new thresholds.

If you press Cancel the alarms will not be changed and you can try
editing the generation parameters to fine tune the thresholds before
updating again.

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 Updating thresholds for a single alarm
• If you wish to update a single alarm, double-click a recording
to display the alarm on a chart.

• Right-click the alarm on the chart and choose Update

Thresholds.

• When the Alarm Summary window opens click OK if you

wish to save the new thresholds.

How are Statistics Applied to Alarms

To generate statistical alarms, the software applies statistical
calculations to your data (vibration recordings) and uses the end
results to set the alarm thresholds. The process can be described as
follows:

• Given a set of data, the software calculates the mean and

standard deviation values.

• The software then sets alarm levels at mean plus a number

of standard deviations above the 'averaged spectrum' so that
only outlying data values (higher than 'normal' amplitudes)
will trigger an alarm.
For envelope alarms, this involves calculating the mean and
standard deviation of each frequency within each spectrum.
For peak and power alarms, this involves calculating the mean and
standard deviation of the Peak or Power value within the alarm's
frequency range for each recording.
When calculating the mean for a sample of recordings:
For envelope alarms, mean = the average value of each frequency.
For power band alarms, mean = the average value of the power in
that band.
For peak band alarms, mean = the average value of the highest
amplitude in that band.

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 Note: If there are less than 25 vibration recordings in your sample,
the software will use the (n -1) denominator in the standard deviation
calculation – this provides a standard deviation estimate of the
population, from a sample. This is the standard employed by the
American Society of Quality Control. If there are 25 or more vibration
recordings, the (n) denominator is used.
From a statistical point of view, if the measurements are distributed
normally along a bell curve, 99% of the data values will fall within
mean plus or minus 3 standard deviations, this being regarded as
the 'normal' or acceptable level of vibration.
If you set your alarm levels at mean plus 3 standard deviations, you
would expect less than 1% of 'normal' data to trigger an alarm, but
unusually large data values (those that are higher than mean plus 3
standard deviations) will trigger the alarm.
Statistical outliers
Statistical outliers are data values that are much larger or smaller
than the mean value (spectral points that exhibit unusually high or
low levels of vibration would be classed as outliers). The software
will detect any statistical outliers in your data and exclude them from
its calculations thereby reducing the likelihood of false or
non-triggered alarms.

Outlier Detection and Suspicious

Recordings
The Ascent software uses the MAD (Median Absolute Deviation)
method to automatically identify statistical outliers. Values that are
more than 3.5 estimated standard deviations from the estimated
mean are rejected from the calculations. For peak and power bands,
this means that the entire recording is rejected (because each
recording only produces one value).
You can change the default value of 3.5 estimated standard
deviations to control how much outlier removal is used (this option is
found on the 'Statistics Option' tab window, described shortly).

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 Suspicious recordings (Envelopes only)
When generating envelope alarms, a data point that is an outlier
does not lead to the entire measurement being rejected. If the
software finds that more than 25% of the data points from a
recording have been rejected, it then declares that recording to be
'suspicious'. This is just a flag on the recording and processing is not
affected. You should consider marking this recording as 'bad' quality
if it is indeed an unsuitable measurement so that all of its values are
excluded from statistics.

• To flag a recording's data quality as bad, right-click the

recording in the navigator list and choose Edit.

• From the 'Data Quality' drop-down box, select 'Inspected and

Rejected, Quality Bad', then click OK.

Outlier measurements are shown on Trend charts using X markers.

The default colors for these X markers are as follows:
Black: The measurement wasn't included in statistics because its
data quality is set to Bad or the measurement didn't meet criteria
(RPM out of range, not a baseline, data doesn't match etc) if you are
using Statistics by History.
Red: (alarm band trending only) The measurement was identified as
an outlier.
Fuchsia (dark pink): (envelope trending only) This indicates that
more than 25% of the points on the envelope were rejected, so the
recording is 'suspicious'.

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 The following example shows an alarm band that has been updated
using statistics. Red crosses mark three measurements that were
rejected as outliers, and a black cross marks one measurement that
was rejected because its 'data quality' flag was set to bad.

Here is an example of an envelope trend, where the last

measurement was considered suspicious because more than 25% of
its values were rejected.

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 After statistics have been generated you can get this information in
detail from the 'Source Data' tab window of the Alarm Summary
window.

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 Statistical Alarm Setup
Statistical alarm thresholds are created by defining 'generation
parameters' - setup information that the software uses in its statistical
calculations.
The generation parameters used with an alarm are associated with
that alarm permanently and the alarm can be updated at any stage
using the same parameters (but using any new data that may be
available). Note that, as with parameter sets, a single set of
generation parameters can be used on many machines (define once,
use many times).
Before statistical alarm thresholds can be calculated for your data,
you must first create some alarms. There are several ways to create
new alarms:
• Manually create alarms directly on charts as discussed in
Using Alarms (page 150).

• Use the Machine Builder Wizard (page 302) to define the

alarms and measurements using The Proven Method or an
ISO standard.

• Use the Alarm Wizard (page 321) to create the alarms,

select generation parameters and generate thresholds for
these new alarms all in one process.

Using the Alarm Wizard

The Alarm Wizard allows you to perform actions such as creating,
updating and generating alarm thresholds on all the selected items at
once.

• Click the Alarms button to open the Alarm Wizard.

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 From the initial screen you can carry out the following actions:
Add
Opens the Alarm Creator window where you can set the alarm
frequency range and access alarm templates and generation
parameters.
Edit
Allows you to edit and update individually selected alarms.
Delete
Deletes the selected alarm(s).
Template
Opens the Alarm Templates window where you can add or edit the
generation parameters associated with the selected alarms.
The next few topics will walk you through each of the alarm setup
screens and describe the settings and information you need to
supply so that the software can generate alarms for you.
Note: As you explore the Alarm Wizard some parts of the screens
will be hidden and will only become visible when you select options
or enter information. The instructions will tell you when you need to
perform an action.

General Settings
• If the Alarm Wizard is not open click Alarms.

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 • In this window's menu select Templates>Edit all templates.

• Click Add. This will display the 'General Settings' tab window
where you will specify the basic information for your alarm
generation parameters.

Description
This is a unique name that you supply for this set of generation
parameters.

• Before you proceed, type a name into this field (you will be
prompted for a name later if you do not enter one now).
These generation parameters are for Envelopes (Narrowband
Alarms)
Ticking this option specifies that you are creating an envelope alarm.
It also causes the 'Envelope Options' tab to appear in the Threshold
Editor (the Envelope Options settings will be explained shortly).
Use history at each location for statistics
This means that historical data at each measurement location will be
used to generate mean and standard deviation values. Ticking this
option causes the 'History Options' tab to appear (the History Options
settings will be explained shortly).

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 Select options to make relevant information 'tabs' appear

Use measurements on other machines in same family for

statistics
This means that measurements at other machines in the same family
will be used for statistics as well. Note that both historical and family
measurements can be used for statistics if desired. Ticking this
option causes a 'Family Options' tab to appear (the Family Options
settings will be explained shortly).

• Tick both of the previous options to make the 'History

Options' and 'Family Options' tabs appear. This will also
make several extra setup items visible.
If statistics are not being used (neither the history nor family is
selected for statistics) you can specify absolute alarm levels only
(e.g. for ISO 2372 alarm bands).
Maximum RPM difference
When you are creating a new alarm (or updating the thresholds) the
software will find the RPM of the most recent measurement. Then,
when looking through the history and family for more measurements
it will only use measurements that are within this number of RPM
from the most recent value. This RPM value is static and will not
change until you update the alarm.
Only consider baseline measurements
Ticking this option allows some special case scenarios to be set up:
Used in conjunction with 'Use history at each location for statistics':
If the history limit is set to 1 (on the 'History Options' tab window) you
can base the alarms on the most recent baseline at each location.
Used in conjunction with 'Use measurements on other machines in
same family for statistics':
If this option is also selected, then the statistics will be generated
using the baseline measurements across the machine family.

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 With only one data value (the most recent baseline), the standard
deviation will be calculated to be zero, however you can use the
other threshold defining attributes, such as 'Percentage offset from
Mean' and the 'Minimum and Maximum' values to allow alarms to
be specified at a relative or absolute level based on the baseline at
each location.

History Options
The 'History Options' tab appears when you select 'Use history at
each location for statistics' (select this now on the 'General Settings'
tab window if 'History Options' is not visible).

• Click the 'History Options' tab at the top of the window.

Maximum number of historical measurements to use (at each
Schedule Entry)
This allows you to specify a limit on how many historical recordings
will be used. If this is set to 1, the statistics will be based on the most
recent recording at each location or the baseline recording if 'Only
consider Baseline measurements' is selected on the 'General
Settings' tab window.

• Before you proceed, enter a value into this field (you will be
prompted for a value later if you do not enter one now).
Only consider history since most recent baseline
This option instructs the software to only go as far back in the history
as the most recent baseline recording.

Family Options
The 'Family Options' tab appears when you select 'Use
measurements on other machines in same family for statistics'
(select this now on the 'General Settings' tab window if 'Family
Options' is not visible).

• Click the 'Family Options' tab at the top of the window.

Group data by axis
Selecting this option will generate alarms using data gathered from
axes of the same name in a machine family e.g. all recordings taken
on the horizontal axis.

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 Group data by point
Selecting this option will generate alarms using data gathered from
points in a machine family that have the same name e.g. all
recordings taken on the 'Drive End' point.
Selecting both options means that when collecting data for statistical
analysis of a particular point on a family of machines, the recordings
from axes and points with the same names will be grouped together
i.e. with both these options ticked, all machines in the family will have
their 'Drive End – horizontal' alarms created/updated based on the
'Drive End – horizontal' readings of all the other machines in that
family only.
The following table summarizes how the software gathers data
depending on the options selected. In this example, the alarm
threshold is being generated for 'Point 1 - horizontal' on Machine 1.

History Family Family Family Family

group by group by group by
point axis point and
axis
Machine 1
Point 1
(alarm) H X X X X X
V X X
Point 2
H X X
V X
Machine 2
Point 1
H X X X X
V X X
Point 2
H X X
V X

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 For information on how to categorize machines into families and how
to create machine families, see Machine Families (page 349).

Thresholds
The 'Thresholds' tab window is where the settings that define your
threshold levels are listed for each alarm.

• Click the 'Thresholds' tab at the top of the window.

The values that will be displayed here are entered using the
Threshold Editor.

• From the 'Threshold units' drop-down box, select the type of

alarm band to create from the list of amplitude units,
measurement units and scaling type (Ø-pk, pk-pk, rms). The
amplitude units chosen must match that of the alarm you are
updating/creating but the measurement units and scaling
type do not have to match.

• Click Add to open the Threshold Editor. This is where you

will enter the values that are displayed on the 'Thresholds'
tab window (see previous diagram).

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 The Threshold Editor

The Thresholds window after values have been entered in the editor

If statistics are not being used the Threshold Editor will contain fields
that allow you to specify absolute alarm thresholds. Only the Alarm
Type and Min Value will need to be entered (see the following list of
definitions).
If statistics are being used (history or family is selected for statistics
on the 'General Settings' tab window), this window will contain fields
that allow a statistical threshold calculation to be made. This alarm
threshold calculation is:
mean + (a number of standard deviations + percentage of mean)
As an example, typically when generating alarm envelopes, one
would use mean + 3 standard deviations.
For peak and power band alarms, some typical formulae are:
A level 1 alarm (Alert) = mean + 2 standard deviations.
A level 2 alarm (Danger) = 1.5 times the level 1 setting (50%
above mean + 3 standard deviations)

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 The threshold determined by the software can be limited by
specifying min/max values. Min/max delta puts limits on the part of
the calculation within the brackets. Min/max value puts bounds on
the final result (add the mean to the delta). The min/max options are
explained more fully below.
Note that some fields on this screen are optional.
Select the type of alarm that will be raised (required)
This is the type of alarm that will be raised when this threshold is
exceeded (warning, alert etc). The alarm type chosen must match
that of the alarm you are updating/creating.
Increase Mean by % (optional - set to zero if not needed)
This specifies the percent amplitude the alarm threshold will be
placed above the 'average' spectrum (or average peak/power for
band alarms). Negative percentages can also be specified for those
special cases where they may be needed. This value will be
displayed in the Percent Offset + field on the 'Thresholds' tab
window.
Factor to multiply the Standard Deviation by
(optional - set to zero if not needed)
This specifies the number of standard deviations to use. For
example, entering 2 will multiply the standard deviation by 2 and add
it to the mean. This value will be displayed in the S.D Multiplier field
on the 'Thresholds' tab window.
Minimum Delta (optional - leave blank if not needed)
This specifies the minimum difference between the mean and the
alarm threshold. For example, if the Min Delta is set to 1 mm/s, if the
number of standard deviations + the percentage of mean value is
less than 1 mm/s, it is increased to 1mm/s before it is added to the
mean to get the threshold value.
Maximum Delta (optional - leave blank if not needed)
This specifies the maximum difference between the mean and the
alarm threshold. For example, if the Max Delta is set to 1 mm/s, if the
number of standard deviations + the percentage of mean value is
more than 1 mm/s, it is reduced to 1mm/s before it is added to the
mean to get the threshold value.

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 Minimum (optional - leave blank if not needed)
This specifies a minimum amplitude for this alarm threshold to
ensure that it will not be set to a very low value (thereby causing
false alarms). If the final threshold value calculated by the software is
lower than the minimum value, the threshold will be set equal to this
value. This value will be displayed in the Min Value field on the
'Thresholds' tab window.
Maximum (Not To Exceed) (optional - leave blank if not needed)
This specifies a maximum amplitude for this alarm threshold to
ensure that it will not be set to a very high value. If the final threshold
value calculated by the software is higher than this value, the
threshold will be set equal to this value. This value will be displayed
in the Max Value field on the 'Thresholds' tab window.

Envelope Options
The 'Envelope Options' tab appears in the Threshold Editor when
you select 'These generation parameters can be used for Envelopes'
(select this now on the 'General Settings' tab window if 'Envelope
Options' is not visible).

• Click the 'Envelope Options' tab.

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 The following options allow you to specify the width of the envelope
around peaks in the statistically averaged spectrum. If more than one
of these options is selected, the greatest width determined by these
options will be used at each point (spectral line) in the envelope.
Hz
This specifies a frequency that the envelope will be placed either
side of a peak. For example, a value of 6 Hz will generate an
envelope 3 Hz either side of each peak.
Lines
This specifies the number of spectral lines between the envelope
and each peak in the spectrum. For example, a value of 10 will
generate an envelope 5 lines either side of each peak. This option is
recommended for machines that run at or near the same speed from
one recording to the next.
Percentage of frequency
This specifies what frequency percentage the envelope will be
placed either side of a peak. For example, a value of 10% around a
peak at 2000 CPM will place the envelope 5% either side of the peak
at 1900 CPM and 2100 CPM. At higher frequencies on the same
spectrum the envelope will become much wider, for example at 60
000 CPM the envelope will extend 3000 CPM either side. This option
is recommended for machines that run at variable speeds or whose
RPM varies significantly from one recording to the next.
Lines (number to ignore)
This specifies the number of spectral lines that will be ignored at the
beginning of the spectrum i.e. the envelope will be drawn around all
frequencies except the first few lines. This helps to avoid false
alarms caused by the ‘ski slope’ often found at the low frequency end
of spectra.

• Before you proceed, type a value into the first three fields
(you will be prompted for a value later if you do not enter
something now).

• Click OK and you will be returned to the 'Thresholds' tab

window.

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 Statistics Options
The 'Statistics Options' tab appears when you select 'Use history at
each location for statistics' and/or 'Use measurements on other
machines in same family for statistics' (select one of these now on
the 'General Settings' tab window if 'Statistics Options' is not visible).

• Click the 'Statistics Options' tab at the top of the window.

Use the Peak value of measurements instead of the Mean

Selecting this option means that the software will use the peak value
of the data instead of the mean for all calculations. Using the peak
(highest amplitude value) instead of the mean (average value) will
result in a higher threshold being set. This option would typically be
used for envelope alarms.
Minimum number of samples required for statistics
If this number of samples is not available new thresholds will not be
generated.
Warn if less than
A black '!' exclamation mark will appear on the Alarm Summary
window after generating thresholds, to indicate that the 'Warn if less
than' value hasn't been reached. When you save the thresholds the
software will give you a warning that there was a 'minimal amount of
data' used.

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 Estimated standard deviations
The Ascent software uses the MAD (Median Absolute Deviation)
method to identify outliers automatically. By default, values that are
more than 3.5 'estimated standard deviations' from the 'estimated
mean' are rejected. This outlier rejection value can be adjusted here.

• Now that you have explored each tab window of the Alarm
Wizard close it by clicking Cancel twice then click Close.

Creating Statistical Alarm Templates

• Click Alarms. From this window's menu select
Templates>Edit all templates.

• Click Add. With the 'General Settings' tab window open,

enter a name for this alarm template then tick the boxes and
fill in the fields as necessary.
Note: Please refer to the appropriate topics for descriptions of the
information fields on each tab window.

• Click the 'Thresholds' tab to open this window and select the
appropriate threshold units from the drop-down list.

• Click Add and fill in the information fields in the Threshold

Editor to define the first alarm threshold.

• Click OK when you have finished. You can define additional

thresholds (Alert, Warning etc) by clicking Add and repeating
this process.

• Click on the other tabs as required and fill in the necessary

information. Click OK when you are finished. Your new
template will be highlighted in the Alarm Templates window.

• Click OK to finish creating the template and close this

window.

• To apply the new template to your alarms select them in the

Alarm Wizard window (hold down the SHIFT or CTRL keys
while clicking with the mouse to select more than one alarm
in the list).

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 • From this window's menu select Alarms>Add.

• Select your new template from the Alarm Templates window

then click Select.

• Tick the schedule entries you wish to apply the alarms to.

• Click OK to apply the template to your alarms. The Alarm

Summary window will display the details of the threshold
calculations.

• Click OK then Close to finish.

Editing Statistical Alarm Templates

Any changes made to the generation parameters of a statistical
alarm template will affect all alarms that use those parameters (when
those alarms are next updated). If you only wish to make changes to
a few alarms that share the same alarm template, you can edit them
individually or create a new set of generation parameters and apply
those to your selected alarms (see previous topic for details).
Note: You cannot change the frequency range of an alarm by
changing its generation parameters. For information on modifying
frequency, see topics in Section 5 on editing alarms.

• On the toolbar click Alarms.

• From this window's menu select Templates>Edit all

templates.

• Highlight the alarm template you wish to change then click

Edit. Click OK to confirm.

• When you have finished making changes click OK.

• You will be prompted to 'update' the alarms. Click OK to

confirm. The Alarm Summary window will display the new
details of your alarm template.

• Click OK to accept or Cancel to discard these changes.

Cancelling allows you to try out different settings to see the
effect these will have on your alarm thresholds.

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 • Click OK then Close to finish.

Machine Families
Similar machines can be expected to exhibit similar vibration
patterns. By comparing the vibration patterns of similar machines, it
becomes possible to learn more about how the machines are
'expected' to vibrate. This makes it easier to detect when they are
vibrating abnormally.
A machine family can be described as a user-defined group of
machines that have similar characteristics and are used for the same
purpose. For example, if you have several identical blowers made by
the same manufacturer and all operating under similar loads in
similar environments, these can be classified as belonging to the
same machine family.
The Ascent software lets you define machine families so that spectra
from all machines in that family can be compared and used to
generate suitable alarm thresholds.
Note: Statistics by history is the recommended practice for setting up
statistically generated alarms. Statistics by family is useful if you
have no history of machine data as it allows statistics to be used
after only a single survey.
The following criteria must be considered when grouping machines
into families:
Machine type:
Blowers can be grouped with other blowers that perform the same
task, pumps with other pumps etc. Note that you should not group
machines of the same type if they operate differently (e.g. horizontal
pumps and vertical pumps) as their vibratory patterns will be very
different.
Size/capacity:
Machines must be of a similar size/capacity to each other. They must
also operate under a similar load.
Installation/mounting:
Machines must have similar supporting framework and be mounted
in similar fashion (same base material etc).

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 Age of the machine:
An old machine may exhibit a very different vibratory pattern than a
newer machine due to regular wear and tear rather than fault
conditions. Close comparison of spectral patterns should be made
before including old and newer machines in the same family.
Location:
Machines must be spaced a similar distance from other sources of
vibration that may affect their vibration levels.
Environment:
The temperature and humidity of the machines' operating
environments must be similar.
Physical properties:
Machines must have similar mass, rotor stiffness, damping etc and
exhibit similar 'sensitivity' to load changes.
Note: This list is not exhaustive. You can, and should, use your own
knowledge of the machines being studied to look for points of
similarity that can be used to group machines into families.

How to Create Machine Families

Machines must be in the same database to be grouped together as a
family but they do not need to be in the same site or folder. A
machine can be a member of more than one family at the same time.
To create a machine family
• From the main menu, choose Edit>Edit Machine Families.

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 The top half of the Machine Family Editor shows all the machine
families in the database. When you select a machine family, the
bottom half of the screen will show all the machines that belong to
that family. Double-clicking one of these will select that machine in
the navigator.

• Click the Add button and enter a name for the new machine
family.

• Tick 'Machines in this family are used for statistics' if you

want to use this family for statistical alarm generation.

• Click OK and your new family will appear in the upper half of
the screen.
To edit a machine family
• Select the family and click Edit.

• Edit the family as required then click OK.

To delete a machine family
• Select the family and click Remove.

• Click OK to confirm the deletion.

Adding/Removing Machines from a Family

• To add a machine to a family, select the machine in the
navigator.

• Place a tick beside any machine families that you want the
machine to belong to.
To remove a machine from a family
• Select the machine in the navigator.
In the Machine Family Editor, any families this machine belongs to
will have a tick beside them.

• Un-tick a box to remove the machine from this family.

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 Section 13: Using a Network
Note: This feature will only be available to you if it is included as part
of your license agreement. If you wish to enable this feature please
contact [email protected] or your distributor for more
information.

Connecting to a Network Database

• On the toolbar click Open.

• Click the Change button and in the 'Select Database'

window click the 'Network Connection' tab.

• In the 'Connection type' drop-down box ensure TCP/IP is

selected.

• In the 'Server' field, enter either the server name, IP address

or DNS name of the computer that holds the database.

• In the 'Path' field, enter the path to the database from the
server's perspective.

• Use the Test button to check if the database can be

accessed.

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 • Click OK to connect.

Managing Multi-user Access

On a network, multiple users can access and make changes to the
same database simultaneously. Whenever you make a change, such
as adding or deleting an item, the Save button will become 'active'.
Clicking Save commits your changes to the database.

• To undo a save select File>Undo \ Revert..., from the main

menu.
Note: There is only one level of Undo, i.e. you cannot return to a
state that was several saves ago.
When you click Save, if a second user is working with the same
database elsewhere on the network the Refresh button will appear
in their toolbar. This indicates that changes have been made to the
database.
When the second user clicks Refresh their view of the database is
synchronized with yours and they will be able to see the changes
you have made.
Deadlock/Conflict/Overwrite protection
The Ascent software prevents deadlocking and database conflicts by
not allowing users to change the same piece of data at the same
time. If one user makes changes to the database that conflict with
what a second user is doing, they will receive a message advising
them that the second user needs to save their changes. Once the
second user has committed their changes to the database using
Save, the first user can Refresh then make their changes again.

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 Section 14: Viewing Data via a
Web Browser
Note: This feature will only be available to you if it is included as part
of your license agreement. If you wish to enable this feature please
contact [email protected] or your distributor for more
information.
The AscentView program allows users to monitor Ascent databases
on the company intranet or LAN via a web browser. Any organization
that is using the Ascent program to collect and store condition
monitoring data can benefit from AscentView by being able to share
this data with other users without requiring the Ascent software to be
installed on every computer.
Note: The AscentView application currently supports only Microsoft's
Internet Explorer version 5.5 web browser and later.

Registering Your Software

The AscentView program comes with 3 user licenses that can be
used for 30 days after installation. If you wish to use it beyond the 30
day grace period you must register the program by logging on and
clicking the Upgrade link. You can register your copy of the
AscentView program at any time even after the initial 30 day trial
period has expired.

Increasing the Number of User Licenses

If you wish to increase your number of user licenses please contact
[email protected].

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 Setting Up the System
Before installing the AscentView program you will need to first install
the following components on your computer:

• IIS web server

• Microsoft® .NET Framework 3.5 or later.

The person performing the installation should be a network

administrator or possess a high degree of computer or network
experience. IT-related technical knowledge is required to configure
the system. This is particularly important if the AscentView system is
to be accessible from outside the company network. The system is
designed to allow controlled access to its web pages and attached
databases. However, granting public access to any part of a private
network can present risks and should be considered as part of an
overall security policy.
Please ensure that the computer the AscentView website is to be
installed on (the 'web server') is running Windows Windows XP
Professional, Windows 2003 server or Windows Vista, has the latest
Microsoft security patches for the chosen operating system and has
at least Internet Information Services (IIS) version 5.1 installed. IIS
should be the only web server service operating on the computer.
Any firewall present on the network must allow the appropriate port
requests through to the AscentView website. The port number used
by the Ascent database server must be opened on all PCs used to
store accessible Ascent databases. Public access to the AscentView
website, secure or otherwise, is beyond the scope of this document
as configuration is entirely dependent on company and network
policy.
Finally, AscentView cannot create databases - it relies on the
existence of Ascent databases on the network. Therefore there must
be at least one copy of the Ascent program and a corresponding
machine database for AscentView to provide meaningful information.

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 AscentView System Configurations
Your AscentView system can be configured in many ways; several
examples are illustrated below.

All installed locally

In this configuration the Ascent database(s), AscentView website

and a browser are running on a single computer not attached to a
network. No other computers can access the system other than the
localhost (the computer the AscentView website is installed on). You
might use this configuration to test the system before fully deploying
it elsewhere. (There is no benefit to using this configuration in a 'live'
situation as you can view your data more quickly using the Ascent
program directly, rather than via a browser using the AscentView
website).

Client/server setup

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 The client/server configuration is the most common configuration for
the system. The AscentView website is installed on a computer that
also stores the Ascent database(s). Clients can use a web browser
to browse the databases served by the AscentView website via a
LAN or through the Internet.

Distributed client/server setup

This is an alternative to the previous configuration. The Ascent

databases are stored on computers/servers other than the one the
AscentView website is installed on.

Step 1: Installation
The AscentView application is an ASP.NET application that uses
Microsoft® Internet Information Services (IIS) and the Microsoft .NET
Framework to serve representations of your Ascent database
content to a compatible web browser.
Note: At present this is limited to Microsoft Internet Explorer versions
5.5 and above.

• Close all programs on your PC.

• Insert the AscentView CD-ROM into the CD-ROM drive.

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 • Wait for the installation program to automatically start.

• Follow the on-screen instructions to install the AscentView

website as an application beneath the default website (most
likely known as localhost).

Step 2: Logging On
• Open a web browser and navigate to
http://localhost/AscentView. (If you have configured your
web server to serve HTTP content over a port other than the
default 80 you will need to enter something like
http://locahost:8080/AscentView where 8080 is your
chosen HTTP port number). If you are connecting to another
computer within a simple network, replace 'localhost' with the
AscentView server PC's name; for example,
http://PC_Name/AscentView.

• Enter the system default username and password (these are

case sensitive).
User Name: administrator
Password: password

• Click Logon.

• On the main window tool bar click Administration.

• On the left-hand menu click Users.

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 • Click Select next to the administrator item then click Change
Password.

• Enter 'password' as the current password then enter a new

password and click Update.

Step 3: Adding Databases

• On the left-hand menu click Databases then click Add
Database.

• Fill in the fields as follows:

Alias The alias is a label used to easily identify an

existing database (once assigned, this name
cannot be changed). When a user browses to the
AscentView website this alias will appear in the list
of databases that this user can access.
Machine This is the host name of the computer that the
database is stored on.
Path This is the absolute path to the database file
including the file name. This path must be written
from the host computer's perspective.

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 • Click Save. The new connection will be verified after a few
seconds then the newly defined database will appear in the
list. To define additional databases repeat the steps in this
topic.

Step 4: Adding Users

Anyone who wishes to use the AscentView website must have their
own user account.
Notes for setting up user accounts
• Fields are case sensitive.
• Each User Name must be unique and must not contain any
spaces.
• Each User Name is used as the logon name for one account
and cannot be changed once assigned. If you need to
change a logon name for any reason you must delete the
user and re-create them with a different User Name.
Adding a new user
• If you are not already in the Admin window click
Administration.

• On the left-hand menu click Users then click Add User.

• Fill out the user's details including a unique User Name,

which must not contain any spaces (for example, 'John
Smith' must be entered as 'JohnSmith').

• Click Save to finish. The new user will be given a default

low-privilege 'User' role. This window will remain open so
that you can re-define this user's role or continue to add new
users.
Defining a user's role
If a user is only being given permission to view selected databases
the next step is to specify which databases they are allowed to view -
see Step 5: Managing Database Permissions (page 361). To grant
additional permissions continue reading to the end of this topic.
Users can be assigned any of the following roles:

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 User Can only view databases for which they have
been given access permissions.
Manager Can view all databases but does not have
the ability to maintain links to Ascent
databases or maintain website users and
their roles.
Administrator Is able to view and create/modify databases
and users.

• To assign or change a user's role click Select beside that

user's name.

• Click Roles to display the list of options.

• Select the role you wish to assign to this user then click
Update.

• To return to the database view window, on the toolbar click

either Reports or Chart.

Step 5: Managing Database Permissions

Once a user is defined they are able to logon to the AscentView
website. They will not be able to view any recordings until they are
given database access permissions.

• If you are not already in the Admin window click

Administration and in the left-hand menu click Databases.

• In the database list locate the database you want to assign

permissions for. Click Select then click Permissions. This
will display the list of currently defined users.

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 • Tick the boxes to grant users permission to view this
database. Click Update when you have finished.

• To return to the database view window, on the toolbar click

either Reports or Chart.

Editing or Deleting Users

• On the main window toolbar click Administration.

• Click Users to display the list of currently defined users.

• When you have finished the edit/deletion you can return to

the main database view window by clicking Chart or
Reports on the main window toolbar.
To change a user's name
• In the list locate the user you wish to edit then click Edit.

• Change the 'Name' field as required then click Update.

Note: The Name field is the name that you know this user by
(whereas the User Name field is used to logon to an account). The
Name field is editable but the User Name field cannot be changed
once assigned. If you need to change a logon name for any reason
you must delete the user and re-create them with a different User
Name.
To change a user's password or role
• In the list locate the user you wish to edit then click Select.

• Click Change Password or Roles.

• Change the details as required then click Update.

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 To change a user's access permissions
Access permissions are managed via the Database window - see
Editing or Deleting Databases (page 363).
To delete a user
• In the list locate the user then click Delete.

Editing or Deleting Databases

• On the main window toolbar click Administration.

• On the left-hand menu click Databases.

• When you have finished the edit/deletion you can return to

the main database view window by clicking Chart or
Reports on the main window toolbar.
To change the filepath or server name
• In the list locate the database you wish to edit then click Edit.

• Change the details as required then click Update.

To change access permissions for a user
• In the list locate the database you wish to edit then click
Select.

• Click Permissions.

• Tick or untick the box beside the user's name then click
Update.
To delete a database
• In the list locate the database then click Delete.

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 Using the AscentView Website
Connecting to the Website
Open your web browser and enter the AscentView web address. The
AscentView logon page will display.
Note: The AscentView application currently supports only Microsoft's
Internet Explorer version 5.5 web browser and later.

• Enter your logon name and password then click Logon.

Exploring the AscentView Interface

After logon the AscentView main window will open to display your
databases.

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 The toolbar at the top of the main window contains commonly used
commands such as displaying charts and reports.
The navigator window on the left of the screen displays the structure
of your machine databases.

• Click the plus signs at each level to open a database

structure. This will display your sites and machine folders.

• Select a folder. This will cause the Machine Browser window

to display all machines contained within the folder.

• Click the plus signs at each level on the machine to open

the points, locations and schedule entries.

• Select a schedule entry to display the individual recordings in

the Recording Summary window.

Resizing and Repositioning Windows

The individual navigator windows float on top of the main window
and can be resized and placed anywhere on your screen.

• To reposition a window click the blue bar at the top of the

window and hold the mouse button down as you drag it to a
new position. Release the mouse to 'drop' the window in
place.

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 • To change a window's size, place the mouse cursor over the
grey square in the bottom right corner of any window until it
changes to a double-headed arrow then drag the mouse in
any direction.

Restoring the default size/position

• To restore all windows to their original size/position click
Default Layout on the main window toolbar.

Viewing Reports
• To display a report select a site or folder in the Database
Browser window then click Reports on the main window
toolbar.

In the Reports window you can select either the Exceptions or Alarm
Status report. Reports can be resized and re-positioned in the same
manner as navigator windows.

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 Exception Report
The Exception report displays an overall condition summary of each
machine in the selected site or folder. Only machines that have
exceeded their Warning, Alert or Danger threshold will be shown.
Machines in the worst alarm condition will be shown at the top.

• In the Reports window click Exceptions.

• When the report first opens it will be empty. Click Refresh to

populate the report with machines.

• Only the machine names are shown by default. To see which

location(s) triggered an alarm click a machine name. This will
expand its structure to show the point, location and schedule
entry details. Click the machine name again to hide these
details.

• Click the schedule entries to display the alarm details. Click

again to hide alarm details.

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 • To see the expanded structure of all machines tick Expand
All then click Refresh.

• To create this report for a different site or folder, select the

item in the navigator and click Refresh.

Alarm Status Report

The Alarm Status report displays the current state of each alarm in
the selected folder or machine along with its previous state for
comparison. Alarms are color coded to indicate their severity. You
can change the number of previous states shown and also choose to
show/hide alarms that are within their 'OK' threshold.

• In the Reports window click Alarm Status.

• When the report first opens it will be empty. Click Refresh to

populate the report with machines.

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 • Only machines that have exceeded their Warning, Alert or
Danger threshold will be shown by default. To display all
alarms on every machine, tick Show All Alarms then click
Refresh.

• To change the number of previous states shown enter a

value in the No. Measurements field then click Refresh. The
entered value must be between 2 (min.) and 8 (max.).

• To create this report for a different folder or machine, select

the item in the navigator and click Refresh.

Printing Reports
By default, reports are displayed in color for on-screen viewing.
Clicking Black & White on the main toolbar will display a report as
plain text using Danger, Alert and Warning icons to indicate alarm
status. We recommend you use this option when printing your
reports to a black and white printer.

• To print the displayed report click Printer Friendly View at the

top right of the report. Nothing will be sent to the printer yet.

• If required, change your printer settings using File>Page

Setup then click Print.
Note: The Exception report will be printed in full i.e. showing all
location and alarm details even if you do not have Expand All
selected.

Viewing Charts
To view a chart (and associated alarm levels, if any) you must have
a schedule entry selected in the navigator. If you cannot see the
Machine Browser window (because you have a report open) click
Chart.

• Select a schedule entry. This will plot a chart of the newest

recording for this schedule entry.

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 • The Recording Summary window lists the recordings at this
schedule entry. To plot a different recording select it in this
window.

Charts can be resized and re-positioned in the same manner as all

other windows. Changing the size of a chart causes it to re-scale.
The AscentView window will go blank momentarily while the chart is
re-drawn to the correct scale.
Note: To print the current chart, right-click the chart and select the
print option from your browser's shortcut menu.

Displaying Spectra and Trend Charts

• With a frequency schedule entry selected, at the top-left of
the chart window click or move your mouse over the Plot
button. The drop-down box list displays options for plotting
spectra and trend charts.

• To display a trend chart select Trend. This chart will trend all
the recordings at your selected schedule entry.

• To display spectra again click Plot and select Spectrum.

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 Selecting Different Amplitude Units
• At the top-left of the chart window click or move your mouse
over Units. The drop-down box list displays options for
selecting different measurement units, scaling type and
domain.

• Move the mouse cursor down the list of options to open

sub-menus of available units. To choose a measurement unit
select it with the mouse.

Changing the Chart Scaling

• At the top-left of the chart window click the Units button. The
drop-down box list displays the different chart scaling
options.

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 • Move the mouse cursor down the list of options to open the
Scaling sub-menu. To choose a scaling type select it with
the mouse.

Switching Between Hz, CPM and RPM

• For spectra, to switch between Hz, CPM and RPM, at the
top-left of the chart window click the Units button.

• Select Domain>Frequency. To select your preference

select it with the mouse.

Switching Between ms and secs

• For time waveforms, to switch between ms and secs, at the
top-left of the chart window click the Units button.

• Select Domain>Time. To select your preference choose it

with the mouse.

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 Section 15: Administrative
Tasks
Setting Up the Software for Access by
Non-Administrators
The Ascent software can be run without an administrator account,
but doing so requires changes to Windows security permissions. As
administrator permissions are required to perform this task you may
need to ask your IT support staff to make these changes on your
behalf.

• Log into Windows using an administrator level account.

• Browse to C:\Program Files\Commtest using Windows

Explorer (Right-click the Start button and select Explore).

• Right-click the Ascent folder and select Properties.

• Press the Security tab.

Note: if the Security tab is not visible you must disable Simple file
sharing in Windows Explorer. From the main Windows Explorer
menu select Tools>Folder Options.. then click the Views tab. Scroll
to the bottom of the Advanced settings list and deselect Use
simple file sharing (Recommended).

• Click Users from the Group or user names: list

• Under the Permissions for Users list check the Allow

checkbox beside Full Control. Click OK. If you are asked if
you wish to propagate the new permissions to all
sub-folders, do so.

• Open the Windows Registry Editor (Start>Run...>REGEDIT)

• Navigate to
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\CLLC

• Right-click the CLLC folder and select Permissions.

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 • Select Users and tick Full Control - Allow.

• Click OK.
The Ascent software will now function correctly under a
non-administrator Windows account.

Creating and Managing User Accounts

Note: This feature will only be available to you if it is included as part
of your license agreement. If you wish to enable this feature please
contact [email protected] or your distributor for more
information.
System administrators can create user accounts that are password
enabled and have different levels of access to the Ascent database.
Only the person logged in as system administrator can create user
accounts. As system administrator, you can change your password
but not the default login name (SYSDBA). You cannot change the
rights of, or delete SYSDBA. This is to prevent you accidentally
locking yourself out of the software.

• To create user accounts, choose Database>User

Management.

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 • Click Add User and fill in the name and password fields. You
will need to verify the password by re-typing it into the 'Verify
Password' field.

• Choose the 'Rights' this user will be allowed to have then

click OK.
There are three kinds of user:
Read Only allows the user to view data in the database but
not modify it.
Update gives Read Only access but also allows the user to
load new data from the vb instrument into the software.
Full Access (power user) has full control over the database.
Once a user has been created the system administrator can change
that user's password, change their access rights or delete the user.

• To carry out any of these functions, first select the user then
click the appropriately labeled button to perform that action.

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 Enabling Logins
To enable the login system, the system administrator must first
logoff.

• Choose Database>Log off.

• Now re-start the software. The following screen will appear.

• Un-tick the 'Remember password' field then click OK to

login. The next time the software is run, all users will have to
enter their username and password.

Configuring Ascent Directories

The Setup window is where you can manage/change the paths of
the Ascent directories.

• This window will appear when you start the Ascent setup
program. It can also be accessed by holding down CTRL
while the software is loading.

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 From here you can change the location of your database directory,
backup files etc. If you want to make changes but don't want to open
the software at this time, click the Don't run Ascent button.

Database Directory
This is the file where the actual Firebird database is to be stored.
This is the same as your site database.

Database List File Directory

This is where the list of known databases is stored.
Note: If you are the system administrator you can maintain a master
copy of the database list file in a read only location on the network.
You can then control the list of databases that appears in the
drop-down box on all client computers in a multi-user environment.

Backup Directory
This is where the ‘.backup’ files are stored when performing a
database backup. See Backing up a Database (page 269) for more
information.

Scheme File Storage Directory

This is where the .scheme files are stored. These files contain the
information for the various schemes. The three system-defined
schemes are stored in the Ascent program itself - if you delete them
they will automatically return to their default states.

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 You can send .scheme files to other users of the software and if they
place the file in their scheme file storage directory it will become
available the next time that they start the software. See Schemes
(page 142), for more information about what schemes are used for.

HTML Temporary Directory

This is where temporary HTML files are stored when reports are
generated.

.vbz Files
These are used by the Import and Export functions. They usually
contain an entire folder of information, however you can export
individual items in the navigator tree by tagging them first.
When you double-click a .vb or .vbz file, the software will ask you if
you want to import the file into the database.
Exported files are compressed by default (.vbz extension) to reduce
file size. However, you can export un-compressed files (.vb
extension) by selecting this option from the drop-down box during the
export process.

.fdb Files
These are Firebird database files, and the default format used when
creating a new database.

.scheme Files
These store the settings for your color schemes, such as ‘Black and
White’ or ‘High Contrast’. See Schemes (page 142), for more
information on the usage of schemes.
When you double-click a .scheme file, it is installed and selected
within the Ascent program.

.av Files
The views that appear on the Chart and Report buttons are stored
in .av files.

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 When you double-click an .av file, the software will install that view
and open it.

.hex Files
These store update files for the firmware in instruments (not
including vbX models: see .mdf).
When you double-click a .hex file, the software will prepare to send
this update file into the instrument. This is equivalent to using the
standard Proflash function.

.mpf Files
These store firmware update files for vbX instruments such as the
vb5, vb7 and vbBalancer devices.

Upgrading an Instrument Using

Proflash
From time to time Commtest will release new versions of instrument
firmware. These firmware upgrades allow you to take advantage of
product enhancements and new features that were created after
your instrument was purchased. To re-program an instrument with
newer firmware you must the instrument with a new
firmware file.
Warning:
will restore the instrument to the factory default state and
delete all stored information. This includes folders, routes, machines,
parameter sets, recordings and balance jobs. If you wish to save any
of this information, please transfer all folders to the software before
your instrument.

• To check if a newer firmware version is available, visit our

website at www.commtest.com and check the Software
Updates section of the Downloads page. You will need to
register your instrument before you can download the latest
firmware file.

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 • Compare the website firmware file's version number with
your current instrument firmware to see if it is newer. Power
up the instrument so that the Main Menu displays. In the
middle of the screen look for the text 'Firmware vX.xx' (where
X.xx is the current firmware version number). If the
instrument firmware number is lower than the website
firmware number it means the website file is newer;
download the file and proceed with the .

Proflash a vbSeries Portable Instrument

• With the instrument powered on, connect and turn on the
battery charger.

• Connect the instrument and the PC using the supplied

communications cable. If you want to save any information
that is still stored in the instrument you should transfer this
now.

• Start the Ascent software on the PC.

• In the Ascent software, select Edit>Manage>vb

Instruments... The Manage Instruments window will open.

• Double-click your instrument (identifiable by its serial

number) in the new window. The instrument properties
window will open.
Note: if your vbX series instrument is not listed, it has not yet been
added to the Ascent software. See the Adding an Instrument to
Ascent (page 64) topic.

• If Proflashing a vbX instrument click the Proflash button in

the vbX Properties window's Setup tab. If Proflashing a
vbX000 instrument click the Proflash button under the
Tasks tab. The Proflash window will appear, listing the
available firmware version(s) stored on your PC.

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 Note:
If Ascent locates more than one firmware file within the selected
folder, it will list all versions present. The recommended vbX version
will be highlighted at the top of the list. The text Recommended will
also be displayed beside the recommended firmware revision under
the Suitability column. You must select the recommended/suitable
vbX000 update manually.

• With the recommended firmware version highlighted, click

Proflash (or Proflash now! for vbX000 instruments).
the instrument takes approximately one to two
minutes. The instrument will display a series of progress
messages then prompt you to reset the instrument. Do not
interrupt the process as this will damage the
instrument.

Bulk Tasks
The Bulk Tasks feature is used to perform tasks on multiple
instruments in a single step, such as Proflashing all instruments
within a database simultaneously. This feature is useful in
environments containing large numbers of Online devices.

• From the main menu select Edit>Manage>Manage vb

Instruments.... The Manage Instruments panel will open.

• Select all devices you wish to update of modify from the

device list. Select multiple instruments by holding the CTRL
key on your keyboard and clicking the instruments with your
mouse.
Note: The number of selected devices will be appended to the
Configure button as they are selected or de-selected.

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 • Press the Configure button. The Bulk Tasks will begin its
configuration sequence, adding any selected instruments
that have not already been added to the Ascent database.
This process may take several seconds depending on the
number of devices selected. The Bulk Tasks panel will then
open.

• Select a task from the selection list and press the Start
button. The required task will be performed for all
instruments selected. If Proflashing devices, you will be
asked for the Proflash file's location.

Setting the Language

The Ascent software interface can be viewed in several languages.
Languages are license-controlled according to the software's region
of purchase or destination. The following regional language packs
are currently supported:
English
Americas
Europe
China (Simplified Chinese)
Russia

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 If your language of choice is not available in your Ascent software
installation, contact [email protected] to purchase language
licenses. Language usage may in some cases be restricted to
specific regions.

Change the Software Interface Language

To change software interface language:

• In the Ascent software, select Options>Select

Language..>From compatible languages only... The
'Select Language window will open.

Note: selecting From compatible languages only... will display

only those languages that are supported by your current Windows
operating system configuration. If your preferred interface language
is not displayed in the From compatible languages only... list of
languages, but it is displayed when selecting From any available
languages..., you must change your Windows locale setting.

Select Language

• Select the language you require from the list of available

languages. Although all interface languages available will be
displayed, only those languages that are included in your
current CLK license configuration can be activated.

• Click OK. The software interface will update and a

notification will be displayed stating that the language has
changed.

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 Change your Windows Locale Setting
If you wish to view Ascent in a non-Roman character set language
such as Russian or Chinese you must also change your Windows
locale setting. See your Windows operating system documentation
for further details or use the quick guide instructions below.
Windows XP Quick Guide

• Select Start>Control Panel.

• Double-click the Regional and Language Options icon.

• Select your location from the Locations dropdown list at the

bottom of the Regional Options tab.

• Click the Advanced tab and select your preferred language

from the Language for non-Unicode programs dropdown
list.

• Click OK. You will be asked to restart the computer.

Windows Vista Quick Guide

• Select Start>Control Panel.

• Double-click the Regional and Language Options icon.

• Click the Location tab and select your location from the
dropdown list.

• Click the Keyboards and Languages tab and select your

preferred language from the Choose a Display Language
dropdown list.

• Click the Administrative tab, then the Change System

Locale button. Select your geographic location. Apply the
change then click the Restart now button.

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 What is a Site Database
Every piece of data in the database must be identified with a
universally unique combination of numbers. This is accomplished
with folders, machines, points and measurement locations by
including the site identification number in the internal identifier for the
item.
For data such as parameter sets, axis names and other
non-structural data an additional identifier is included to identify the
particular database within the site that this data was created in. This
will allow for multiple installations of the software at a particular site
to share data types without risk of conflicting identifiers.
This combination of a site number and a site database number is
called a Site Database. You can have more than one site database.

DUNS Numbers
DUNS numbers in Ascent are assigned automatically. They are used
as primary database keys, and cannot be changed manually.

Section 15: Administrative Tasks 385

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 Section 16: Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting USB Communications
You may occasionally experience difficulty communicating with a
vbSeries portable instrument when using a USB connection and
version of Ascent and instrument firmware released prior to 2009.
This usually indicates a communications conflict or firewall activation.
We recommend upgrading to the latest release of Ascent, which
includes a ‘Plug and Play’ USB driver that will prevent these issues.
If this is not possible, the steps below may resolve the conflict

• Connect the powered instrument to the PC using the

supplied USB cable.

• In the Ascent software, select Edit>Manage>vb

Instruments... The Manage Instruments window will open.

• Double-click your instrument (identifiable by its serial

number) in the new window. The instrument properties
window will open.
Note: if your vbX series instrument is not listed, it has not yet been
added to the Ascent software's instrument database. See the topic
Adding an Instrument to Ascent (page 64).

• Check the instrument's IP address in the IP address: field.

• On the vbX instrument press Options, then

Network. Check that the IP listed beside the USB button
matches the IP in the Ascent software. If the IP addresses
do not match, change the address in the software Properties
window to match the instrument IP, then restart the
instrument (press and hold then press ). Close the
Properties window and attempt to connect to the instrument
once again.

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 • If you are still unable to communicate with your instrument,
temporarily disable any firewalls and check whether doing so
resolves the problem. If communication is restored, add a
firewall exception for the Ascent application 'masvb32.exe'
(in the Program Files\Commtest\Ascent folder on your PC) or
open port 13000.

Upgrading a Database Generates an ISC

Error
When upgrading a Firebird database during a new Ascent software
installation, an error message may be displayed if more than one
person is currently connected to the database. To upgrade the
database normally, close all local or network Ascent instances
communicating with the database. Alternatively, restart the Firebird
database server and attempt the upgrade again. To restart the
Firebird server in Windows XP:
Note: close the Ascent software if it is still running.

• Select Start>Run... from the Windows menu, or press the

Start (the Windows flag key) and R keys on the keyboard
simultaneously. The Run Windows interface will open.

• Type services.msc into the Open: text field and click OK.
The Services panel will open.
Note: The Services panel can also be accessed through the
Windows Control Panel's Administrative Tools option.

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 • Scroll down to Firebird Server, right-click and select
Restart. When Firebird restarts, start Ascent and proceed
with the database upgrade process.

Contacting Technical Support

If you have any problems please contact Commtest support staff
directly for assistance. Our e-mail address is [email protected].
We also provide a searchable knowledge base of frequently asked
questions (FAQ) on our website.

• The knowledge base can be found at www.commtest.com.

Click the Frequently Asked Questions link under the Support
menu to access the knowledge base.

388 Section 16: Troubleshooting

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 Index
envelope • 26, 165

adding to a chart • 166

editing • 167
A exceeding • 170
Acceleration
hiding/displaying • 167
power level • 116
margins, changing • 166
spectrum amplitude • 117
trending • 171
waveform amplitude • 117
global editing of • 181
Advanced Reporting System
ISO standard alarms • 302
configuring • 78
overall RMS • 172
creating a machine assessment
statistical • 317
report • 79
Alarm templates • 173
publishing • 87
applying • 173, 180
view report • 84
creating • 173
Alarm
deleting • 183
alarm report • 74, 158, 170
editing • 181
applying templates to • 181
Alarm wizard • 335
band • 27, 151
Archiving items • 46, 61
drawing on a chart • 153
Ascent
editing • 153, 155
configuring directories • 376
exceeding • 158
locating the database file • 23
hiding/displaying • 155
locating the executable file • 29
peak • 27, 152
System Requirements • 2
power • 152
AscentView • 354
trending • 160
Attached File Schedule Entry •
checking alarm status • 150
192

Index 389

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 Auto save • 54 finding in the archive • 185

Auto-scaling • 119 interchange bearing • 27, 47

Bode plots • 122, 137

B
Build mode • 35
Backing up the database • 269
Bulk tasks • 381
backup directory • 377

Balancing report • 75 C
Band alarms • 27, 151 Charts

adding to a chart • 153 adding on-chart remarks • 106

editing • 153, 155 changing colours of • 142, 144

exceeding • 158 customizing the scale • 119

hiding/displaying • 155 displaying multiple recordings •

101
peak • 152
displaying orders/Hz • 108
power • 152
displaying revolutions • 108
trending • 160
emailing offsite • 127
Baseline recordings • 205
modes • 103
displaying on the vb • 205
plotting data • 96
including in views • 113
printing • 140
removing from the vb • 205
trend charts • 128
setting • 113, 205
overall RMS • 172
update before send • 205
peak band alarms • 160
use last measurement if no
baseline • 205 power band alarms • 160

Bearing • 27 using cursors on • 99

adding a bearing to • 47 waterfall • 103

database • 185 depth/direction • 103

defining your own • 49 reverse plot order • 103

390 Index

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 waveforms • 114 restoring • 270

zooming and panning • 96 selecting another • 31, 352

Commtest Bearing Archive • 47, storage location • 23, 376

185
transferring data between
Compressed files • 378
importing/exporting • 231
Copying navigator items • 37
using multiple databases • 31
to multiple locations • 51
Demodulation • 198
CPM, displaying frequency as •
118 analyzing data • 199

Creation palette • 61 setup • 198

Cursors • 99 Design mode • 297

snapping to a peak • 101 Displacement

power level • 116

D
spectrum amplitude • 117
Data structure • 22
waveform amplitude • 117
Data thinning • 266
Drag and drop • 55
Database • 22, 24

backing up • 269, 377 E

creating • 29 Envelope alarms • 26, 165

deadlock protection • 353 adding to a chart • 166

directory • 377 editing • 167

factory default • 29 exceeding • 170

multi-user access, managing • hiding/displaying • 167

353
margins, changing • 166
optimizing the performance of •
trending • 171
272, 273
Exporting files • 231
rebuilding • 273
compressed files • 378
reducing the size of • 266, 273

Index 391

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 F H
Fault frequencies • 108 Hz, displaying frequency as • 118

defining customized
frequencies • 111 I
displaying on charts • 108 Importing files • 231

nudging • 110 compressed files • 378

Filter, Navigator • 56 XML • 233

Folder • 22, 24 Instruments

creating • 32 set vbX IP address • 65

deleting • 33 vbX

importing/exporting • 231 send folders to the

instrument • 66
maximum number in Ascent •
22 send folders to the software •
68
maximum number in vb • 24
ISO standard alarms • 302
opening • 33

sending to the vb • 66 K
Keyboard shortcuts • 148
G
Gear L
adding to a point • 50 Language, choosing a • 382

Generation parameters • 335 Library

creating • 347 editing • 227

editing • 348 storing components in • 227

GMT, timezones • 259 Licensing

Graphics file, creating • 127 Dongle • 4

Greenwich meridian time • 259 Hardware Dongle • 7, 17

software licensing • 3

392 Index

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 Uninstalling • 15 archiving • 61

upgrade license features • 14 locations • 25

Linear speed support • 203 Recordings sorting

Logging on • 374 most recent first • 55

Long time waveforms • 117 oldest first • 55

Multiple items, selecting • 60

M
Machine • 24 N
adding a machine note • 46 Navigator • 34

adding an image to • 45 copying items • 37

copying • 37, 227 filter • 56

creating • 35, 227 list • 54

storing • 227 selecting items in • 60

Machine Builder Wizard • 302 sorting • 55

Machine families • 349 tree • 70

adding machines to • 351 Network

creating • 350 connecting to • 352

deleting • 350 Notes • 46

editing • 350 adding a note • 46

family options • 339 archiving • 61

removing machines from • 351 deleting • 46

MAD, median absolute deviation editing • 46

• 331

Manually entering vibration data • O

222
Offline recordings • 245
Mean • 330
On-chart remarks
Measurements
adding • 106

Index 393

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 deleting • 106 Printing charts and reports • 140

editing • 106 Process value • 189

spreading out • 106 editing • 192

OPC import • 234 PROFLASH • 379

Orbit plots • 122, 135 multiple instruments • 381

Order Tracking • 216

R
Orders, displaying on charts •
108 Recordings

Overall rms alarms • 172 archiving • 61

creating • 172 limiting number displayed in

navigator • 60
trending • 172
Recordings sorting

P most recent first • 55

Panning • 96 oldest first • 55

Parameter set • 25, 26 Reports • 73

creating • 40 alarm • 74

deleting • 212 automated • 93

editing • 207, 211, 212 balancing • 75

orders-based • 210 creating your own • 274

removing unused sets • 215 emailing offsite • 127

setting the parameters • 207 exception • 75

Photo, adding to a machine • 45 last 8 measurements • 76

Point • 24 last measurement • 77

adding a bearing to • 47 machine assessment • 77

adding a gear to • 50 printing • 140

copying • 37 route • 92

creating a • 36 routes due • 91

394 Index

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 structure • 92 sending scheme files • 377

Restoring a database • 269 Selecting multiple items • 60

Reusing components • 227 Sensor • 28

Revolutions, displaying on charts calibration values • 28, 219

• 108
editing • 207, 219
Route • 26
orientation • 25
, what is a • 26
settling times • 28, 219
creating • 62
Serial data input • 239
report • 92
Serial port • 66
route entry • 26, 62
Shortcut keys • 148
RPM
Site • 24
assigning the 1X value • 107
editing • 24
creating data collector prompt •
204 opening an entire site • 229

updating • 200 Software Licensing • 3

Standard deviation • 330

S
Statistical alarms • 317
Save • 53
creating • 321
Schedule entry • 25, 26, 40, 207
deleting alarms • 321
creating • 40
envelopes • 344
deleting • 212
generation parameters • 320,
editing • 207, 211 335
keypad • 189 creating • 347
setting the parameters • 207 editing • 348
Schemes • 142 MAD, median absolute
deviation • 331
customising/editing • 144
mean • 330
file storage directory • 377

Index 395

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 outliers • 330, 331 overall RMS alarms • 172

overview • 317 peak band alarms • 160

pre-defined alarms, using • 321 power band alarms • 160

standard deviation • 330 single frequency • 133

suspicious recordings • 331

U
thresholds • 341
Undo • 53
updating • 329
Units of measurement
Statistical outliers • 330, 331
setting preferences • 117
Storage capacity • 22
Upgrading • 2
Suspicious recordings • 331
User accounts • 374

T
V
Tagging • 225
vb instrument
exporting tagged items • 231
maintaining data integrity with
Technical support • 388 Ascent • 71

Template machines • 252 sending a folder to • 66

child machine, creating • 255 sending a route to • 26

child machine, updating • 256 Velocity

creating • 253 power level • 116

exporting and importing • 254 spectrum amplitude • 117

previewing • 257 waveform amplitude • 117

releasing • 259 Views • 122

The Proven Method • 302 assigning keyboard shortcuts •

284
Timezones • 259
copying parts • 285
changing • 259
creating • 274
Trending • 128
deleting • 301

396 Index

Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com
 design mode • 297

emailing offsite • 127

including baseline in • 113

layout, designing • 295

renaming • 274

reusing • 285

saving • 286

selectors • 287

system defaults, restoring • 286

W
Waterfall chart • 103

depth/direction • 103

reverse plot order • 103

Waveform analysis • 114

audio playback • 116

converting to spectra • 116

long time waveforms • 117

Z
Zooming • 96

Index 397

Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com
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