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THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA

PRESIDENT’S OFFICE REGIONAL ADMINISTRATIVE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
KILOMBERO DISTRICT COUNCIL
FORM IV PRE - NATIONAL EXAMINATION
031 PHYSICS MARKING SCHEME
TIME: 3: 00 Hours Friday 06th September 2019

SECTION A (15 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section
1. LIST A i. ii. iii. iv. v vi. vii. viii. ix. x.
LIST B C D A B C B E D A D
1 mark @ item

LIST A i. ii. iii. iv. v

2.
LIST B G C F D E
1 mark @ item

SECTION B (60 Marks)

Answer all questions from this section

3. (a) i. Force: Is anything that can set a stationary body in change the motion or
change the motion of a moving body’s. 0.5mark
ii. Pressure. Is the force acting normally per unit area. 0.5 mark

(b) (i) Force: Is a weight when it is exerted by the earth on the body in the earth’s
gravitational field. 1 mark

(ii) Force, F = ma
300N = 1200kg . a
a=
a = 0.25m/s2 2 mark
Using the eqn. of motion with V = 0, a = 0.2m/s and t = 80 sec
2

V = u + at
O = u + (-0.25) x 80
O = u – 20
U = 20m/s 2 mark

(c) i. Note the maximum pressure is exerted by with smallest area.

Smallest area = 0.3 x 0.5m = 0.15m2
Volume log = 0.15 x 6 = 0.90m3
Mass of the log = density x volume
= 200 x 0.9
= 180kg
Weight of log = mg
= 180kg x 10N/kg
= 1800N
Pressure = =
=
= 12,000N/m2 2 mark
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This pressure (minimum) in experienced from side of log with the largest area (0.3 x 0.5)
ii. Minimum pressure =

=
= 600N/m2 2 mark
The minimum pressure comes from the side with the largest area.

4. (a) A diode is device which allow currect to move through it in one with far-greator ease
than in the other. 1 mark

(b) The symbol of a diode 1 mark

(c) Half-wave rectifier diagram 1 mark for a title

Transformer Diode Resistor Output V Half-wave rectification

Time

2 mark for a good diagram

1 mark for labelled part

5. (a) Magnetic materials are the ones which can be made into magnetic when sufficient
magnetic field has been applied. 1 mark

For example nickel, cobalt and steel. 1 mark

(b) The law of magnetism; states that: Like poles repel unlike poles attract 1 mark

(c) To locate the position of the North pole of a bar magnet, a bar magnet is freely suspended
by a thin string in still air and left to come to rest. A north pole will appear to point north
wards, while the South pole will point south wards.

2 mark for a good labeled diagram

S N
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(d) Magnetizing steel bar using electric current.

When electric current flows in the solenoid. Magnetic field is included in the space inside the
solenoid. This magnetic field are aligns magnetic domains inside into one direction south to north.
After the current in out off still with retain magnetism because all of its domains point in one
direction 3 marks
Coiled solenoid

N S Pushing in

2 mark for a good labeled diagram

d.c

6. (a) An echo refers to a reflected sound. 1 mark

(b) Factors that affect the speed of sound in air include 1 mark
i. Temperature
ii. Direction of wind 2 marks for any 4 points
iii. Humidity
iv. Density of air

(c) When a hall as many people, most of sound is absorbed by clothes and skin of the
audience, these echoes don’t occur. but when the hall has few people there is little absorption
of echoes by the wall and furniture thus multiple echoes rise which hinders clear audibility of
sound. 3 marks

(d) Data
Time, t = 0.65
Distance, d = 99m
From v =
=
= 330m/s 3 marks

7. (a) Ohm’s law states that:

At constant temperature and physical factors, the cureent passing through a wire (conductor)
is directly propotional to the potential difference across its ends. 1 mark
(b) Solution
V = 1.5 V
R1 = 6Ω
R2 = 12Ω
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i. Series connection Parallel connection

1mark 1 mark

V V
ii. I = I =
RT RT
R1.R2 6 x12
but RT = R1 + R2 = 6 + 12 = 18Ω but RT =  = 4Ω
R2  R1 12  6
1.5V 1.5V
I = 2 marks I = 2 marks
18 4
I = 0.08A I = 0.375A

(c) i. Factors which affect the resistance of a conductor

 Length of a conductor
 Temperature of a conductor
 Cross-sectional area of a conductor
 The nature of the material of a conductor
ii. Data
V = 240V
P = 1kW = 1000W
Required R
V2
P =
R
240x240
R =
1000
R = 57.6Ω 2 mark

When connected to a 220V supply the power

V2
P =
R
220x220
P=
57.6
P = 840.3 W
Power will be 840.3 W 1 mark

8. (a) i. Alpha (α)particles are helium nuclei ( 24 He ) discharged during a nuclear disintegration.
1 mark
ii. Beta (β) – particles are electrons (ie.) discharged during a nuclear disintegration

1 mark
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iii. Gamma (Ɣ) – rays: are highly energetic electromagnetic waves dis charged during nuclear.

1 mark
(b) Given Radon nuclear 222
86 Rn
222
86 Rn a
b X + 42 a
222 = a + 4 → a = a + 218
86 = b + 2 b = 84
222
86 Rn 218
84 X + 42 a
218
84 X c
d Y+ 0
1 b
218 = c + 0 c = 218
84 = d – 1 d = 85
The nucleus formed is 218
85 Y.
Mass number = 218; Atomic number = 85 3 marks

(c) Given a radioactive source with half – life, t½ = 16 days

Initial count rate, C0 = 160/min
From the formula C = C0 2-n
Where n = number of half lives 1 mark
20 = 160 x 2-n
2-3 = 2-n
t
n=
t1/ 2
t = n.t½
= 3 x 16 days
= 48 days 3 marks

SECTION C (25 Marks)

Answer only two questions from this section

9. (a) Speed: is the rate of change of distance while velocity is the rate of change of distance
moved in a specific direction. 2mark

(b) It is termed as car speed because the car doesn’t travel in a straight line because the road is
not so straight to have car velocity. 1 mark
(c)

2 marks for a diagram

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i. Acceleration =

= =
= 4m/s2 2 marks

ii. Deceleration =

= =
= 2m/s2 2.5 marks
Total distance covered = area of Trapezium ABCD
= ½(BC +AD)h
= ½(20 + 35)20
= 55 X 10
= 550m
Total distance coveredis 550m. 3 marks

10. (a) i. Galaxy is the group of stars in the universe. 1 mark

ii. Solar system is the system consisting the Sun and Planet bound to it by gravity.
1 mark
(b) The different between
Star Planet
 Emit their own light  Do not emit their own light
 Twinkle at night  Do not twinkle at night
 Appear to be moving frpm east to west  Appear to be moving from west to east
 Their temp. is usually very high  Their temp depends on the distance from the
 Countless in number sun.
 Very big in size, only appear small the  Countable only eight in the Solar system.
earth loss they are far from the Earth  Relatively small in size as compared to the
Stars.
3 marks for any 3 points

The closest star to the earth is the Sun. 1 mark

(c) i. The largest the largest planet in the solar system is Jupiter 1 mark
ii. The largest planet in the solar system are Venus and Mars. 2 mark
(d) Soln
r = 42,000km
t = 24 hrs.
Circummference (path) =
=
=
= 11x103km/hr 3.5 marks
The speed of the satellite is 11.0 x 103km/hr

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11. (a) i. Centre of gravity of a body: is a point through which the resultant weight of all
particles in the body appear to be act. 0.5 mark
ii. Racing cars: have wide wheel tracks so as to increase stability. Wider tracks provide
wider base which hidden turning over. 1 mark

(b) Stable equilibrium of a body: ii equilibrium if it returns to its equilibrium position after it
has been displaced slightly, An example cone standing on its base or a sphere resting on a
concave surface.

1 mark

Unstable equilibrium: A body is stable equilibrium if it returns to its equilibrium position

after it has slightly displaced. Any displacement makes moment of th gravity act off base eg. If
a cone standing on its apex or a sphere resting on horizontal convex surface.

1 mark

Neutral equilibrium: A body is neutral if it stays in the displaced position after it has been
slightly displaced Gravity exerts no moment about base eg. Is a cone standing on its curved
surface or a sphere resting on a horizontal flat surface.

1 mark

(c) i. A mechanic should choose long spanner to loosen tight nut base it provides greater
moment of a force than a shorter one. Therefore it can cover cone the huge force
exerted by the nut. 2 marks

ii. Given a half meter ruler pivoted at 30cm mark.

m = 50g
m=m
distance of the centre of gravity
30cm – 25cm = 5cm
Distance from the pivot to the hung object distance
45cm – 30cm = 5cm 2 marks

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1 mark for correct diagram

30cm 50cm

5cm d1

mg mg = 50g

Clockwise moment = Anticlockwise moment

m g x d = 50 x 15
mg x 5cm = 150g
mg =
mg = 30g
The mass of the half metre rule is 30g. 3 mark

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